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Accounting Policies of 3M India Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2023

1. Reporting entity

3M India Limited (âthe Companyâ) is a subsidiary of 3M Company, USA. The Company manages its operations in four operating segments: Safety & Industrial, Transportation & Electronics, Health Care and Consumer. In India, the Company has manufacturing facilities at Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Pune and has a R&D Center in Bangalore. 3M Indiaâs four business segments bring together common or related 3M technologies that enhance the development of innovative products and services and provide efficient sharing of business resources. The Company is a public limited Company domiciled in India with its registered office situated at Plot Nos. 48-51, Electronic City, Hosur Road, Bengaluru - 560 100 and is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange Ltd (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange Ltd (NSE).

2. Basis of preparation

A. Statement of compliance

These financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) as per the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, as amended notified under Section 133 of Companies Act, 2013, (the âActâ) and other relevant provisions of the Act.

The financial statements were authorised for issue by the Companyâs Board of Directors on May 30,2023.

Details of the Companyâs significant accounting policies are included in Note 3.

B. Functional & presentation currency

These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (''), which is also the Companyâs functional currency. All amounts have been rounded-off to two decimal places to the nearest lakhs, unless otherwise indicated.

C. Basis of measurement

These financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost basis except for the following items, which are measured on an alternative basis on each reporting date:

- Note 29 - share-based payment arrangements and

- Note 38 - financial instruments

D. Use of estimates and judgments

In preparing these financial statements, management has made judgments, estimates

and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised prospectively.

Judgments

Information about judgments made in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effects on the amounts recognised in the financial statements is included in the following notes:

- Note 39 - leases: whether an arrangement contains a lease, lease classification and lease term.

Assumptions and estimation uncertainties

Information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties at the reporting date that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year is included in the following notes:

- Note 3(b), 4 and 5 - useful life of property, plant and equipment and other intangible assets;

- Note 6 to 9 and 38 - impairment of financial assets;

- Note 30 - measurement of defined benefit obligations: key actuarial assumptions;

- Note 3(f) and 11 - provision for inventories;

- Note 15 and 34 - recognition and measurement of provisions and contingencies: key assumptions about the likelihood and magnitude of an outflow of resources.

E. Measurement of fair values

Certain accounting policies and disclosures of the Company require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and non financial assets and liabilities.

The Company has an established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values.

Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:

- Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

- Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices)

- Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs)

When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses observable market data as far as possible. If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into a different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorised in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.

Further information about the assumptions made in the measuring fair values is included in the following notes:

- Note 29 - share-based payment arrangements and

- Note 38 - financial instruments

F. Current/ Non-current classification

The Company classifies an asset as current asset when:

- it expects to realise the asset, or intends to sell or consume it, in its normal operating cycle;

- it holds the asset primarily for the purpose of trading;

- it expects to realise the asset within twelve months after the reporting period; or

- the asset is cash or a cash equivalent unless the asset is restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

All other assets are classified as non-current A liability is classified as current when -

- it expects to realise the asset, or intends to sell or consume it, in its normal operating cycle;

- it holds the liability primarily for the purpose of trading;

- the liability is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period; or

- it does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. Terms of a liability that could, at the option of the counterparty, result in

its settlement by the issue of equity instruments do not affect its classification.

All other liabilities are classified as non-current. The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents. The Companyâs normal operating cycle is twelve months.

3. Significant accounting policies

(a) Financial instruments

i. Recognition and initial measurement

The Company initially recognises financial assets and financial liabilities when it becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. All financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on initial recognition which are initially measured at transaction price. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities, that are not at fair value through profit or loss, are added to the fair value on initial recognition. Regular way purchase and sale of financial assets are accounted for at trade date.

ii. Classification and subsequent measurement Financial assets

On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at-

Financial assets carried at amortised cost A financial asset is subsequently measured at amortised cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income A financial asset is subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments

of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are subsequently fair valued through profit or loss.

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method. For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the Balance Sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.

iii. Derecognition Financial assets

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the rig ht to receive the contractua l cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial assets are transferred or in which the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and does not retain control of the financial asset.

Financial liabilities

The Company derecognises a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled, or expire.

The Company also derecognises a financial liability when its terms are modified and the cash flows under the modified terms are substantially different. In this case, a new financial liability based on the modified terms is recognised at fair value. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability extinguished and a new financial liability with modified terms is recognised in the Statement of profit and loss.

iv. Offsetting

it intends either to settle them on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

(b) Property, plant and equipment

i. Recognition and measurement

The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment shall be recognised as an asset if, and only if it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably

Items of property, plant and equipment, are measured at cost, which includes capitalised borrowing cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Cost of an item of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price, including import duties and non-refundable purchase taxes, after deducting trade discounts and rebates, any directly attributable cost of bringing the item to its working condition for its intended use and estimated costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in the Statement of profit and loss.

ii. Subsequent expenditure

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company.

iii. Depreciation

Depreciation is calculated on cost of items of property, plant and equipment less their estimated residual values over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method, and is recognised in the Statement of profit and loss.

Leasehold improvements are amortised over the period of lease or the estimated useful

life (3-10 years) whichever is lower. Freehold land is not depreciated.

The estimated useful lives of items of property, plant and equipment for the current and comparative periods are as follows:

Asset	Useful lives
Buildings	10/ 20 and 30 years
Plant and machinery	3/ 7/ 10 and 15 years
Furniture and fixtures	10 years
Office equipment	5 years
Data processing equipment	3 years
Vehicles	5 years

Depreciation/amortisation method, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each financial year-end and adjusted if appropriate. Based on technical evaluation and consequent advice, the management believes that the estimates of useful lives as given above best represent the period over which management expects to use these assets and are different from the useful lives as prescribed under Part C of Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 for some assets.

Depreciation on additions (disposals) is provided on a pro-rata basis i.e. from (upto) the date on which asset is ready for use (disposed of).

Capital work in progress includes cost of property, plant & equipment under installation/ under development as at the balance sheet date.

i. Internally generated : Research and development

Expenditure on research activities is recognised in Statement of profit and loss as incurred.

future economic benefits are probable, and the Company intends to and has sufficient resources to complete development and to use or sell the asset. Otherwise, it is recognised in statement of profit or loss as incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, the asset is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

ii. Subsequent expenditure

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company.

iii. Others

Other intangible assets are stated at acquisition cost. Such intangible assets are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

Amortisation is calculated to write off the cost of intangible assets less their estimated residual values over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method, and is included in depreciation and amortisation in Statement of profit and loss. The amortisation rates used are:

Asset	Useful life
Computer software	3 years

(d) Investment in subsidiaries

Investment in equity shares in subsidiaries is carried at cost, less impairment, if any, in the financial statements.

(e) Impairment

(i) Financial assets

in which case those are measured at lifetime ECL. The amount of expected credit losses (or reversal) that is required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required to be recognised is recognized as an impairment gain or loss in the Statement of profit and loss.

The Company at end of each reporting period evaluates, if any indicators are present which might require Company to impair its financial assets.

Write off:

The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off when the Company has no reasonable expectations of recovering a financial asset in its entirety or a portion thereof. The Company individually makes an assessment with respect to the timing and amount of write-off based on whether there is a reasonable expectation of recovery. The Company expects no significant recovery from the amount written off. However, financial assets that are written off could still be subject to enforcement activities in order to comply with the Companyâs procedures for recovery of amounts due.

(ii) Non -financial assets

Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment

Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment are evaluated for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. For the purpose of impairment testing, the recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the Cash generating units (CGUs) to which the asset belongs.

used to determine the recoverable amount. The carrying amount of the asset is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any accumulated amortization or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.

(f) Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and estimated net realizable value, after providing for cost of obsolescence and other anticipated losses, wherever considered necessary. The costs of raw materials and traded goods are ascertained on First-In-First-Out basis, whereas manufactured work-in-progress and finished goods are ascertained on weighted average method.

Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

The comparison of cost and net realisable value is made on an item-by-item basis.

The provision for inventory obsolescence is ascertained regularly based on estimated usage of the products.

(g) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded by the Company at their functional currency spot rates at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are translated at the functional currency spot rates of exchange at the balance sheet date. Exchange differences that arise on settlement of monetary items or on reporting at each balance sheet date of the Companyâs monetary items at the closing rates are recognised as income or expenses in the period in which they arise. Non-monetary items which are carried at historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rates at the date of transaction. Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value is determined.

(h) Revenue recognition

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when control of the products being sold is transferred to the customer and when there are no longer any unfulfilled obligations. All the revenue is point in time.

The Performance Obligations in the contracts are fulfilled at the time of dispatch, delivery or upon formal customer acceptance depending on customer terms.

Revenue is measured at fair value of the consideration received or receivable, after deduction of any trade discounts, volume rebates and any taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government such as goods and services tax, etc. Accumulated experience is used to estimate the provision for such discounts and rebates. Revenue is only recognised to the extent that it is highly probable a significant reversal will not occur^-.

Customers have the contractual right to return goods. An estimate is made of goods that will be returned and a liability is recognised for this amount using a best estimate based on accumulated experience.

Income from services rendered is recognised based on agreements/arrangements with the customers as the service is performed and there are no unfulfilled obligations.

The Company has determined that the revenues as disclosed in Note 19 are disaggregated into categories that depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

- Interest income is recognized using the effective interest rate (EIR) method.

- Dividend income on investments is recognised when the right to receive dividend is established.

(i) Employee benefits

Short-term employee benefits Short-term employee benefits are measured on an undiscounted basis and expensed as the related service is provided. A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid under short-term cash bonus, if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably

Defined contribution plans

A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised as an employee benefits expense in the Statement of profit and loss in the periods during which the related services are rendered by employees.

Provident fund

Contribution towards provident fund for certain employees is made to the regulatory authorities, where the Company has no further obligations. Such benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company does not carry any further obligations, apart from the contributions made on a monthly basis.

Superannuation

The Company makes contribution to the Superannuation Scheme for certain employees participating in the scheme, a defined contribution scheme, administered by fund manager, based on a specified percentage of eligible employeesâ salary. The Companyâs obligation to the scheme is restricted to the contributions to the scheme.

Defined benefit plans

Gratuity

The Company has an obligation towards gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan covering eligible employees. The Company has an Employees Gratuity Fund where the investments are administered by a Fund Manager. The Company accounts for the liability of Gratuity Benefits payable in future based on an independent actuarial valuation (using the Projected Unit Credit method). Actuarial losses/ gains are recognised in Statement of profit and loss under âOther Comprehensive Incomeâ in the year in which they arise.

Compensated absences

The Company provides for the encashment/ availment of leave with pay subject to certain rules. The employees are entitled to accumulate leave subject to certain limits, for future encashment/ availment. The liability is provided based on the number of days of unutilized leave at each balance sheet date on the basis of an independent actuarial valuation (using the Projected Unit Credit method). Actuarial losses / gains are recognised in âOther Comprehensive Incomeâ in the year in which they arise.

Termination benefits

Termination benefits are expensed at the earlier of when the Company can no longer withdraw the offer of those benefits and when the Group recognises costs for a restructuring. If benefits are not expected to be settled wholly within 12 months of the reporting date, then they are discounted.

(j) Share-based payments

The fair value of the amount payable to employees in respect of share appreciation rights (SARs) and restricted stock units (RSUs) which are settled in cash, is recognised as an expense with a corresponding increase in liabilities, over the period that the employees unconditionally become entitled to the payment. The Company measures compensation expense for SARs at their fair value determined using Black-Scholes Model and RSUs based on fair market value of shares of 3M Company, USA as on the date of the reporting. Any change in the fair value of the liability are recognised in the Statement of profit and loss.

(k) Income taxes

i. Current tax

Current income tax for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities based on the taxable income for the period. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the current tax amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date and applicable for the period. The Company offsets current tax assets and current tax liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and where it intends either to settle on a net basis or to realize the asset and liability simultaneously.

ii. Deferred tax

Deferred income tax is recognized using the balance sheet approach. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount in financial statements, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profits or loss at the time of the transaction.

Deferred income tax asset are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized. Deferred income tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences.

The carrying amount of deferred income tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilized.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

The Company offsets, the current tax assets and liabilities (on a year on year basis) and deferred tax assets and liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right and where it intends to settle such assets and liabilities on a net basis.

(l) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs attributable to the assets acquired on leases are expensed in the period in which they incur in the statement of profit and loss.

(m) Provisions and contingent liabilities i. General

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the Company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the Statement of profit and loss net of any reimbursement.

If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.

ii. Contingent liabilities

A disclosure for contingent liabilities is made where there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may probably not require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible or a present obligation where the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

iii. Onerous contracts

Provision for onerous contracts. i.e. contracts where the expected unavoidable cost of meeting the obligations under the contract exceed the economic benefits expected to be received under it, are recognised when it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle a present obligation as a result of an obligating event based on a reliable estimate of such obligation.

(n) Leases

The Company has applied Ind AS 116 with effect from April 01, 2019 using the modified retrospective approach. At inception of the contract, the Company determines whether the contract is a lease or contains a lease arrangement. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

As a lessee

The Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.

The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use assets are determined on the same basis as those of property, plant and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, in Statement of profit and loss and adjusted for certain re-measurements of the lease liability.

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate.

The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the Companyâs estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, or if Company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option.

When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in statement of profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.

The Company determines its incremental borrowing rate by obtaining interest rates from various external financing sources and makes certain adjustments to reflect the terms of the lease and type of the asset leased.

The Company presents right-of-use assets that do not meet the definition of investment property separately in the balance sheet and lease liabilities separately within âFinancial Liabilitiesâ.

Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets

The Company has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months. The Company recognises the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

(o) Segment reporting

Operating segments

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided

to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM). The Director of the Company is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments and accordingly is identified as the CODM. The Company publishes the standalone financial statements of the Company along with the consolidated financial statements. In accordance with Ind AS 108, Operating Segments, the Company has disclosed the segment information in the consolidated financial statements.

(p) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, demand deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

(q) Earnings per share

Basic Earnings Per Share (âEPSâ) is computed by dividing the net profit attributable to the equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit/ loss for the period attributable to the equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

(r) Cash flow statement

Cash flows are reported using indirect method, whereby net profits before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular revenue generating (operating activities), investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

(s) Government grants

The Company recognises an unconditional government grant related to PSI scheme in profit or loss as other income when the grant becomes receivable.

(t) Recent Indian Accounting Standards :

Ministry of Corporate Affairs (âMCAâ) notifies new standard or amendments to the existing

standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. On March 31, 2023, MCA amended the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 by issuing the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2023, applicable from April 01, 2023, as below:

Ind AS 1 - Presentation of Financial Statements:

The amendments require companies to disclose their material accounting policies rather than their significant accounting policies. Accounting policy information, together with other information, is material when it can reasonably be expected to influence decisions of primary users of general purpose financial statements. The Group does not expect this amendment to have any significant impact in its financial statements.

Ind AS 12 - Income Taxes: The amendments clarify how companies account for deferred tax on transactions such as leases and decommissioning obligations. The amendments narrowed the scope of the recognition exemption in paragraphs 15 and 24 of Ind AS 12 (recognition exemption) so that it no longer applies to transactions that, on initial recognition, give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences. The Group is evaluating the impact, if any, in its financial statements.

Ind AS 8 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors: The

amendments will help entities to distinguish between accounting policies and accounting estimates. The definition of a change in accounting estimates has been replaced with a definition of accounting estimates. Under the new definition, accounting estimates are âmonetary amounts in financial statements that are subject to measurement uncertaintyâ. Entities develop accounting estimates if accounting policies require items in financial statements to be measured in a way that involves measurement uncertainty. The Group does not expect this amendment to have any significant impact in its financial statements.

Mar 31, 2022

1. Reporting entity

3M India Limited (âthe Companyâ) is a subsidiary of 3M Company, USA. The Company manages its operations in four operating segments: Safety & Industrial , Transportation & Electronics, Health Care and Consumer. In India, the Company has manufacturing facilities at Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Pune and has a R&D Center in Bengaluru. 3M Indiaâs four business segments bring together common or related 3M technologies that enhance the development of innovative products and services and provide efficient sharing of business resources. The Company is a public limited Company domiciled in India with its registered office situated at Plot Nos. 48-51, Electronic City, Hosur Road, Bengaluru - 560 100 and is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange Ltd (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange Ltd (NSE).

2. Basis of preparation

A. Statement of compliance

The financial statements were authorised for issue by the Companyâs Board of Directors on 27 May 2022.

Details of the Companyâs significant accounting policies are included in Note 3.

B. Functional & presentation currency

These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (Rs.), which is also the Companyâs functional currency. All amounts have been rounded-off to two decimal places to the nearest lakhs, unless otherwise indicated.

C. Basis of measurement

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis.

D. Use of estimates and judgments

In preparing these financial statements, management has made judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised prospectively.

Judgments

Information about judgments made in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effects on the amounts recognised in the financial statements is included in the following notes:

- Note 39 - leases: whether an arrangement contains a lease and lease classification.

Assumptions and estimation uncertainties

Information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment in the year ending 31 March 2023 is included in the following notes:

- Note 3(b), 4 and 5 - useful life of property, plant and equipment and other intangible assets;

- Note 6 to 9 and 38 - impairment of financial assets;

- Note 30 - measurement of defined benefit obligations: key actuarial assumptions;

- Note 3(f) and 11 - provision for inventories; and

- Note 15 and 34 - recognition and measurement of provisions and contingencies: key assumptions about the likelihood and magnitude of an outflow of resources.

E. Measurement of fair values

Certain accounting policies and disclosures of the Company require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and non financial assets and liabilities.

The Company has an established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values.

Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:

- Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

- Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices)

- Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs)

Further information about the assumptions made in the measuring fair values is included in the following notes:

- Note 29 - share-based payment arrangements and

- Note 38 - financial instruments

3. Significant accounting policies

(a) Financial instruments

i. Recognition and initial measurement

ii. Classification and subsequent measurement Financial assets

On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at-Financial assets carried at amortised cost

A financial asset is subsequently measured at amortised cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

A financial asset is subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are subsequently fair valued through profit or loss.

Financial liabilities

iii. Derecognition Financial assets

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the right to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial assets are transferred or in which the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and does not retain control of the financial asset.

Financial liabilities

The Company derecognises a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled, or expire.

iv. Offsetting

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the balance sheet when, and only when, the Company currently has a legally enforceable right to set off the amounts and it intends either to settle them on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

(b) Property, plant and equipment

i. Recognition and measurement

Items of property, plant and equipment, are measured at cost, which includes capitalised borrowing cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in the Statement of profit and loss.

ii. Subsequent expenditure

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company.

iii. Depreciation

Leasehold improvements are amortised over the period of lease or the estimated useful life (3-10 years) whichever is lower. Freehold land is not depreciated.

The estimated useful lives of items of property, plant and equipment for the current and comparative periods are as follows:

Asset	Useful lives
Buildings	10/ 20 and 30 years
Plant and machinery	3 / 7/ 10 and 15 years
Furniture and fixtures	10 years
Office equipment	5 years
Data processing equipment	3 years
Vehicles	5 years

Depreciation on additions (disposals) is provided on a pro-rata basis i.e. from (upto) the date on which asset is ready for use (disposed of).

Capital work in progress includes cost of property, plant & equipment under installation/ under development as at the balance sheet date.

Internally generated: Research and development

Expenditure on research activities is recognised in Statement of profit and loss as incurred.

Development expenditure is capitalised as part of the cost of the resulting intangible asset only if the expenditure can be measured reliably, the product or process is technically and commercially feasible, future economic benefits are probable, and the Company intends to and has sufficient resources to complete development and to use or sell the asset. Otherwise, it is recognised in statement of profit or loss as incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, the asset is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

Others

Other intangible assets are stated at acquisition cost. Such intangible assets are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

Asset	Useful lives
Computer software	3 years

(d) Investment in subsidiaries

Investment in equity shares in subsidiaries is carried at cost, less impairment, if any, in the financial statements.

(e) Impairment

(i) Financial assets

The Company recognizes loss allowances using the expected credit loss (ECL) model for the financial assets which are not fair valued through profit or loss. Loss allowance for trade receivables with no significant financing component is measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECL. For all other financial assets, expected credit losses are measured at an amount equal to the 12-month ECL, unless there has been a significant increase in credit risk from initial recognition in which case those are measured at lifetime ECL. The amount of expected credit losses (or reversal) that is required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required to be recognised is recognized as an impairment gain or loss in the Statement of profit and loss.

The Company at end of each reporting period evaluates, if any indicators are present which might require Company to impair its financial assets.

(ii) Non -financial assets

Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment

cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the Cash generating units (CGUs) to which the asset belongs.

If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized in the Statement of profit and loss is measured by the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds the estimated recoverable amount of the asset. An impairment loss is reversed in the statement of profit and loss if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. The carrying amount of the asset is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any accumulated amortization or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.

(f) Inventories

The comparison of cost and net realisable value is made on an item-by-item basis.

The provision for inventory obsolescence is ascertained regularly based on estimated usage of the products.

(g) Foreign currency transactions

(h) Revenue recognition

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when control of the products being sold is transferred to the customer and when there are no longer any unfulfilled obligations.

The Performance Obligations in the contracts are fulfilled at the time of dispatch, delivery or upon formal customer acceptance depending on customer terms.

Income from services rendered is recognised based on agreements/arrangements with the customers as the service is performed and there are no unfulfilled obligations.

- Interest income is recognized using the effective interest rate (EIR) method.

- Dividend income on investments is recognised when the right to receive dividend is established.

(i) Employee benefits Defined contribution plans

A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised as an employee benefit expense in the Statement of profit and loss in the periods during which the related services are rendered by employees.

Provident fund

Superannuation

Defined benefit plans

Gratuity

Compensated absences

(j) Share-based payments

(k) Income taxes

i. Current tax

ii. Deferred tax

deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profits or loss at the time of the transaction.

(l) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs attributable to the assets acquired on leases are expensed in the period in which they incur in the statement of profit and loss.

(m) Provisions and contingent liabilities

i. General

ii. Contingent liabilities

iii. Onerous contracts

(n) Leases

The Company has applied Ind AS 116 with effect from 1 April 2019 using the modified retrospective approach. At inception of the contract, the Company determines whether the contract is a lease or contains a lease arrangement. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

As a lessee

incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.

Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets

(o) Segment reporting Operating segments

The Company publishes the standalone financial statements of the Company along with the consolidated financial statements. In accordance with Ind AS 108, Operating Segments, the Company has disclosed the segment information in the consolidated financial statements.

(p) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, demand deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

(q) Earnings per share

Basic Earnings Per Share (âEPSâ) is computed by dividing the net profit attributable to the equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

(r) Cash flow statement

(s) Recent Indian Accounting Standards :

Ministry of Corporate Affairs (âMCAâ) notifies new standard or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. On March 23, 2022, MCA amended the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2022, applicable from April 1, 2022, as below:

Ind AS 103 - Reference to Conceptual Framework

The amendments specify that to qualify for recognition as part of applying the acquisition method, the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed must meet the definitions of assets and liabilities in the Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting under Indian Accounting Standards (Conceptual Framework) issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India at the acquisition date. These changes do not significantly change the requirements of Ind AS 103. The Company does not expect the amendment to have any significant impact in its standalone financial statements.

Ind AS 16 - Proceeds before intended use

The amendments mainly prohibit an entity from deducting from the cost of property, plant and equipment amounts received from selling items produced while the Company is preparing the asset for its intended use. Instead, an entity will recognise such sales proceeds and related cost in profit or loss. The Company does not expect the amendments to have any impact in its recognition of its property, plant and equipment in its standalone financial statements.

Ind AS 37 - Onerous Contracts - Costs of Fulfilling a Contract

The amendments specify that that the âcost of fulfillingâ a contract comprises the âcosts that relate directly to the contractâ. Costs that relate directly to a contract can either be incremental costs of fulfilling that contract (examples would be direct labour, materials) or an allocation of other costs that relate directly to fulfilling contracts. The amendment is essentially a clarification and the Company does not expect the amendment to have any significant impact in its standalone financial statements.

Ind AS 109 - Annual Improvements to Ind AS (2021)

The amendment clarifies which fees an entity includes when it applies the â10 percentâ test of Ind AS 109 in assessing whether to derecognise a financial liability. The Company does not expect the amendment to have any significant impact in its standalone financial statements.

Ind AS 116 - Annual Improvements to Ind AS (2021)

The amendments remove the illustration of the reimbursement of leasehold improvements by the lessor in order to resolve any potential confusion regarding the treatment of lease incentives that might arise because of how lease incentives were described in that illustration. The Company does not expect the amendment to have any significant impact in its standalone financial statements.

Mar 31, 2021

1. Reporting entity

3M India Limited (âthe Companyâ) is a subsidiary of 3M Company, USA. The Company manages its operations in four operating segments: Safety & Industrial , Transportation & Electronics, Health Care and Consumer. In India, the Company has manufacturing facilities at Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Pune and has a R&D Center in Bangalore. 3M Indiaâs four business segments bring together common or related 3M technologies that enhance the development of innovative products and services and provide efficient sharing of business resources. The Company is a public limited Company domiciled in India with its registered office situated at Plot Nos. 48-51, Electronic City, Hosur Road, Bengaluru - 560 100 and is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange Ltd (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange Ltd (NSE).

2. Basis of preparation

A. Statement of compliance

The financial statements were authorised for issue by the Companyâs Board of Directors on 28 May 2021.

Details of the Companyâs significant accounting policies are included in Note 3.

B. Functional & presentation currency

C. Basis of measurement

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for the following items:

Items	Measurement basis
Certain financial assets and liabilities	Fair value
Liabilities for cash settled shared-based payment arrangements	Fair value
Net defined benefit asset / (liability)	Fair value of plan assets less present value of defined benefit obligations

D. Use of estimates and judgments

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised prospectively.

Judgments

Information about judgments made in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effects on the amounts recognised in the financial statements is included in the following notes:

- Note 39 - leases: whether an arrangement contains a lease and lease classification.

Assumptions and estimation uncertainties

Information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment in the year ending 31 March 2022 is included in the following notes:

- Note 3(b), 4 and 5 - useful life of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets;

- Note 6 to 9 and 38 - impairment of financial assets;

- Note 30 - measurement of defined benefit obligations: key actuarial assumptions;

- Note 3(f) and 11 - provision for inventories; and

- Note 15 and 34 - recognition and measurement of provisions and contingencies: key assumptions about the likelihood and magnitude of an outflow of resources.

E. Measurement of fair values

Certain accounting policies and disclosures of the Company require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and non financial assets and liabilities.

The Company has an established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values.

Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:

- Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

- Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices)

- Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs)

Further information about the assumptions made in the measuring fair values is included in the following notes:

- Note 29 - share-based payment arrangements and

- Note 38 - financial instruments

3. Significant accounting policies

(a) Financial instruments

i. Recognition and initial measurement

ii. Classification and subsequent measurement Financial assets

On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at-Financial assets carried at amortised cost

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are subsequently fair valued through profit or loss.

Financial liabilities

iii. Derecognition Financial assets

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the right to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial assets are transferred or in which the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and does not retain control of the financial asset.

Financial liabilities

The Company derecognises a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled, or expire.

iv. Offsetting

(b) Property, plant and equipment

i. Recognition and measurement

Items of property, plant and equipment, are measured at cost, which includes capitalised borrowing cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in the Statement of profit and loss.

ii. Subsequent expenditure

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company.

iii. Depreciation

Leasehold improvements are amortised over the period of lease or the estimated useful life (3-10 years) whichever is lower. Assets acquired under finance leases till previous year were depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and their useful lives unless it is reasonably certain that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term. For the current year, refer note 3(n). Freehold land is not depreciated.

The estimated useful lives of items of property, plant and equipment for the current and comparati'' periods are as follows:

Asset	Useful lives
Buildings	10/ 20 and 30 years
Plant and machinery	3/ 7/ 10 and 15 years
Data processing equipment	3 years
Office equipment	5 years
Furniture and fixtures	10 years
Vehicles	5 years

Depreciation on additions (disposals) is provided on a pro-rata basis i.e. from (upto) the date on which asset is ready for use (disposed of).

Capital work in progress includes cost of property, plant & equipment under installation/ under development as at the balance sheet date.

Internally generated: Research and development

Expenditure on research activities is recognised in Statement of profit and loss as incurred.

Others

Other intangible assets are stated at acquisition cost. Such intangible assets are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

Asset	Useful lives
Computer software	3 years

(d) Investment in subsidiaries

Investment in equity shares in subsidiaries is carried at cost, less impairment, if any, in the financial statements.

(e) Impairment

(i) Financial assets

allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required to be recognised is recognized as an impairment gain or loss in the Statement of profit and loss.

The Company at end of each reporting period evaluates, if any indicators are present which might require Company to impair its financial assets.

(ii) Non - financial assets

Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment

(f) Inventories

The comparison of cost and net realisable value is made on an item-by-item basis.

The provision for inventory obsolescence is ascertained regularly based on estimated usage of the products.

(g) Foreign currency transactions

(h) Revenue recognition

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when control of the products being sold is transferred to the customer and when there are no longer any unfulfilled obligations.

The Performance Obligations in the contracts are fulfilled at the time of dispatch, delivery or upon formal customer acceptance depending on customer terms.

Income from services rendered is recognised based on agreements/arrangements with the customers as the service is performed and there are no unfulfilled obligations.

Contract assets are recognised when there is excess of revenue earned over billings on contracts. Contract assets are classified as unbilled receivables (only act of invoicing is pending) when there is unconditional right to receive cash, and only passage of time is required, as per contractual terms. Other contract assets are classified as other assets. Unearned and deferred revenue (âcontract liabilityâ) is recognised when there is billings in excess of revenues. Advances received for goods and services are reported as liabilities until all conditions for revenue recognition are met.

Interest income is recognized using the effective interest rate (EIR) method.

Dividend income on investments is recognised when the right to receive dividend is established.

(i) Employee benefits Defined contribution plans

A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised as an employee benefit expense in the Statement of profit and loss in the periods during which the related services are rendered by employees.

Provident fund

Superannuation

Defined benefit plans

Gratuity

Compensated absences

(j) Share-based payments

increase in liabilities, over the period that the employees unconditionally become entitled to the payment. The Company measures compensation expense for SARs at their fair value determined using Black-Scholes Model and RSUs based on fair market value of shares of 3M Company, USA as on the date of the reporting. Any change in the fair value of the liability are recognised in the Statement of profit and loss.

(k) Income taxes

i. Current tax

ii. Deferred tax

(l) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs attributable to the assets acquired on finance lease are expensed in the period in which they incur in the statement of profit and loss.

(m) Provisions and contingent liabilities i. General

ii. Contingent liabilities

iii. Onerous contracts

(n) Leases

The company has applied Ind AS 116 with effect from 1 April 2019 using the modified retrospective approach. At inception of the contract, the Company determines whether the contract is a lease or contains a lease arrangement. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

As a lessee

The company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.

The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use assets are determined on the same basis as those of property and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, in Statement of profit and loss and adjusted for certain re-measurements of the lease liability.

The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the companyâs estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, or if company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option.

When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.

Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets

The company has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months. The company recognises the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

(o) Segment reporting Operating segments

(p) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, demand deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

(q) Earnings per share

Basic Earnings Per Share (âEPSâ) is computed by dividing the net profit attributable to the equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

(r) Cash flow statement

(s) Recent Indian Accounting Standards

On March 24, 2021, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (âMCAâ) through a notification, amended Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013. The amendments revise Division I, II and III of Schedule III and are applicable from April 1, 2021. Key amendments relating to Division II which relate to companies whose financial statements are required to comply with Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules 2015 are:

Balance Sheet:

â¢ Lease liabilities should be separately disclosed under the head âfinancial liabilitiesâ, duly distinguished as current or non-current.

â¢ Certain additional disclosures in the statement of changes in equity such as changes in equity share capital due to prior period errors and restated balances at the beginning of the current reporting period.

â¢ Specified format for disclosure of shareholding of promoters.

â¢ Specified format for ageing schedule of trade receivables, trade payables, capital work-in-progress and intangible asset under development.

â¢ In case the Company has borrowed the funds from banks or financial institutions and have not utilized those funds for the purpose it was obtained, then the company would be required to disclose details of such utilization.

â¢ Specific disclosure under âadditional regulatory requirementâ such as compliance with approved schemes of arrangements, compliance with number of layers of companies, title deeds of immovable property not held in name of company, loans and advances to promoters, directors, key managerial personnel (KMP) and related parties, details of benami property held etc.

Statement of profit and loss:

â¢ Additional disclosures relating to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), undisclosed income and crypto or virtual currency specified under the head additional informationâ in the notes forming part of consolidated financial statements.

The amendments are extensive and the Company will evaluate and accordingly implement the same to give effect to them as required by law.

Mar 31, 2019

(a) Financial instruments

i. Recognition and initial measurement

ii. Classification and subsequent measurement Financial assets

On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at-Financial assets carried at amortised cost

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are subsequently fair valued through profit or loss.

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method, except for contingent consideration recognized in a business combination which is subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss. For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the Balance Sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.

iii. Derecognition of financial instruments Financial assets

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the right to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial assets are transferred or in which the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and does not retain control of the financial asset.

Financial liabilities

The Company derecognises a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled, or expire.

iv. Offsetting

(b) Property, plant and equipment

i. Recognition and measurement

Items of property, plant and equipment, are measured at cost, which includes capitalised borrowing cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.

ii. Subsequent expenditure

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company.

iii. Depreciation

Leasehold improvements are amortised over the period of lease or the estimated useful life (3-10 years) whichever is lower. Assets acquired under finance leases are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and their useful lives unless it is reasonably certain that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term. Freehold land is not depreciated.

The estimated useful lives of items of property, plant and equipment for the current and comparative periods are as follows:

Depreciation on additions (disposals) is provided on a pro-rata basis i.e. from (upto) the date on which asset is ready for use (disposed of).

Internally generated : Research and development

Expenditure on research activities is recognised in statement of profit or loss as incurred.

Others

Other intangible assets are stated at acquisition cost. Such intangible assets are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

Amortisation is calculated to write off the cost of intangible assets less their estimated residual values over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method, and is included in depreciation and amortisation in statement of profit and loss. The amortisation rates used are:

Asset Useful life

Computer software 3 years

(d) Investment in subsidiaries

Investment in equity shares in subsidiaries is carried at cost less impairment if any, in the financial statements.

(e) Impairment

(i) Financial assets

The Company recognizes loss allowances using the expected credit loss (ECL) model for the financial assets which are not fair valued through profit or loss. Loss allowance for trade receivables with no significant financing component is measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECL. For all other financial assets, expected credit losses are measured at an amount equal to the 12-month ECL, unless there has been a significant increase in credit risk from initial recognition in which case those are measured at lifetime ECL. The amount of expected credit losses (or reversal) that is required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required to be recognised is recognised as an impairment gain or loss in the statement of profit or loss.

(ii) Non -financial assets

Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment

If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss is measured by the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds the estimated recoverable amount of the asset. An impairment loss is reversed in the statement of profit and loss if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. The carrying amount of the asset is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any accumulated amortization or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.

(f) Inventories

The comparison of cost and net realisable value is made on an item-by-item basis.

The provision for inventory obsolescence is ascertained regularly based on estimated usage of the products.

(g) Foreign currency transactions

(h) Revenue recognition

Effective April 1, 2018, the Company has applied Ind AS 115: Revenue from Contracts with Customers which establishes a comprehensive framework for determining whether, how much and when revenue is to be recognised. Ind AS 115 replaces Ind AS 18 Revenue. The Company has adopted Ind AS 115 using the cumulative effect method (without the practical expedient), with the effect of initially applying this standard recognised at the date of initial application (i.e. 1 April 2018). The adoption of the standard did not have any material impact on the financial statements of the Company.

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when control of the products being sold is transferred to the customer and when there are no longer any unfulfilled obligations.

The Performance Obligations in the contracts are fulfilled at the time of dispatch, delivery or upon formal customer acceptance depending on customer terms.

Income from services rendered is recognised based on agreements/arrangements with the customers as the service is performed and there are no unfulfilled obligations.

The Company has determined that the revenues as disclosed in Note 20 are disaggregated into categories that depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

Interest income is recognized using the effective interest rate (EIR) method.

Dividend income on investments is recognised when the right to receive dividend is established.

(i) Employee benefits

Defined contribution plans

A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised as an employee benefit expense in the statement of profit or loss in the periods during which the related services are rendered by employees.

Provident fund

Superannuation

Defined benefit plans

Gratuity

The Company has an obligation towards gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan covering eligible employees. The Company has an Employees Gratuity Fund where the investments are administered by a Fund Manager. The Company accounts for the liability of Gratuity Benefits payable in future based on an independent actuarial valuation (using the Projected Unit Credit method). Actuarial losses/ gains are recognised in âOther Comprehensive Incomeâ in the year in which they arise.

Compensated absences

(j) Share-based payments

The fair value of the amount payable to employees in respect of share appreciation rights (SARs) and restricted stock units (RSUs) which are settled in cash, is recognised as an expense with a corresponding increase in liabilities, over the period that the employees unconditionally become entitled to the payment. The Company measures compensation expense for SARs at their fair value determined using Black-Scholes Model and RSUs based on fair market value of shares of 3M Company, USA on the date of the grant. Any change in the fair value of the liability are recognised in the Statement of profit and loss.

(k) Income taxes

i. Current tax

ii. Deferred tax

(l) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs attributable to the assets acquired on finance lease are expensed in the period in which they incur in the statement of profit and loss.

(m) Provisions and contingent liabilities

i. General

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the Company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss net of any reimbursement.

ii. Contingent liabilities

iii. Onerous contracts

(n) Leases

i. Finance leases

The Company leases certain tangible assets and such leases where the Company has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Finance leases are capitalised at the inception of the lease at the lower of the fair value of the leased asset and the present value of the minimum lease payments.

The leased assets are measured initially at an amount equal to the lower of their fair value and the present value of minimum lease payments. Subsequent to initial recognition, the assets are accounted in accordance with the accounting policy applicable to similar owned assets.

Each lease payment is apportioned between the finance charge and the reduction of the outstanding liability. The outstanding liability is included in long-term borrowings and other current liabilities as appropriate. The finance charge is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period.

ii. Operating leases

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases are generally recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease unless such payments are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the lessorâs expected inflationary cost increases.

(o) Segment reporting

Operating segments

The Company publishes the unconsolidated financial statements of the Company along with the consolidated financial statements. In accordance with Ind AS 108, Operating Segments, the Company has disclosed the segment information in the consolidated financial statements.

(p) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, demand deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

(q) Earnings per share

Basic Earnings Per Share (âEPSâ) is computed by dividing the net profit attributable to the equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

(r) Cash flow statement

(s) Recent Indian Accounting Standards:

i. Ind AS 116 - Leases

The Company is required to adopt IND AS 116 Leases from 1 April 2019. IND AS 116 replaces existing leases guidance, including IND AS 17 Leases. IND AS 116 introduces a single Balance sheet lease accounting model for lessees. A lessee recognises a right of use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset and a lease liability representing its obligation to make lease payments. There are recognition exemptions for short term leases and leases of low value items.

Leases in which the Company is a lessee:

Under the new standard, the Company will be required to recognise new assets and liabilities for its operating leases. The nature of expenses related to those leases will now change because the Company will recognise a depreciation charge for right of use assets and interest expense on lease liabilities. Previously, the Company recognised operating lease expense over the term of the lease, and recognised assets and liabilities only to the extent that there was a timing difference between actual lease payments and the expense recognised. The Company is in the process of evaluating the potential impact of the adoption of Ind AS 116 on accounting policies followed in its financial statements. The quantitative impact of adoption of Ind AS 116 on the financial statements in the period of initial application is not reasonably estimable as at present.

Transition

The Company plans to apply IND AS 116 using the modified retrospective method, with the effect of initially applying this standard recognised at the date of initial application (i.e. 1 April 2019) in retained earnings. As a result, the Company will not present individual line items appearing under comparative period presentation.

ii. Ind AS 19 - Plan Amendment, Curtailment or Settlement

The amendment clarifies that when determining past service cost, or a gain or loss on settlement due to plan amendment, curtailment or settlement, an entity shall remeasure the net defined benefit liability (asset) using the current fair value of plan assets and current actuarial assumptions, including current market interest rates and other current market prices, reflecting:

(a) the benefits offered under the plan and the plan assets before the plan amendment, curtailment or settlement; and

(b) the benefits offered under the plan and the plan assets after the plan amendment, curtailment or settlement.

Further, if a plan amendment, curtailment or settlement occurs, it is mandatory that the current service cost and the net interest for the period after the re-measurement are determined using the assumptions used for the re-measurement. In addition, amendments have been included to clarify the effect of a plan amendment, curtailment or settlement on the requirements regarding the asset ceiling. The Company does not expect any significant impact of this amendment on its financial statements.

Mar 31, 2018

(a) Financial instruments

i. Recognition and initial measurement

ii. Classification and subsequent measurement Financial assets

On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at-Financial assets carried at amortised cost

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are subsequently fair valued through profit or loss.

Financial liabilities

iii. Derecognition of financial instruments Financial assets

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the right to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial assets are transferred or in which the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and does not retain control of the financial asset.

Financial liabilities

The Company derecognises a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled, or expire.

iv. Offsetting

(b) Property, plant and equipment

i. Recognition and measurement

Items of property, plant and equipment, are measured at cost, which includes capitalised borrowing cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in profit or loss.

ii. Subsequent expenditure

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company.

iii. Depreciation

Leasehold improvements are amortised over the period of lease or the estimated useful life whichever is lower. Assets acquired under finance leases are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and their useful lives unless it is reasonably certain that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term. Freehold land is not depreciated.

Depreciation on additions (disposals) is provided on a pro-rata basis i.e. from (upto) the date on which asset is ready for use (disposed of).

Internally generated : Research and development

Expenditure on research activities is recognised in profit or loss as incurred.

Development expenditure is capitalised as part of the cost of the resulting intangible asset only if the expenditure can be measured reliably, the product or process is technically and commercially feasible, future economic benefits are probable, and the Company intends to and has sufficient resources to complete development and to use or sell the asset. Otherwise, it is recognised in profit or loss as incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, the asset is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

Others

Other intangible assets are stated at acquisition cost. Such intangible assets are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

Asset Useful life

Computer software 3 years

(d) Impairment

(i) Financial assets

(ii) Non -financial assets

Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment

(e) Inventories

The comparison of cost and net realisable value is made on an item-by-item basis.

The provision for inventory obsolesence is ascertained regularly based on estimated usage of the products..

(f) Foreign currency transactions

(g) Revenue recognition

Sales are recognised when significant risks and rewards of ownership in the goods are transferred to the buyer and are recorded net of sales returns, trade discount, rebates, Goods and Services Tax and sales tax collected. Revenue is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer, recovery of the consideration is probable, the associated costs and possible return of goods can be estimated reliably, there is no continuing effective control over, or managerial involvement with, the goods, and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably.

Income from services rendered is booked based on agreements/ arrangements with concerned parties net of service tax and Goods and Services Tax.

Income from duty drawback, scrap sales, contract research and management support services etc, is recognised on an accrual basis.

Other income

Interest income is recognised using the effective interest method. The âeffective interest rateâ is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments or receipts through the expected life of the financial instrument to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset.

(h) Employee benefits Defined contribution plans

A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised as an employee benefit expense in profit or loss in the periods during which the related services are rendered by employees.

Provident fund

Superannuation

Defined benefit plans

Gratuity

The Company has an obligation towards gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan covering eligible employees. The Company has an Employees Gratuity Fund where the investments are administered by a Fund Manager. The Company accounts for the liability of Gratuity Benefits payable in future based on an independent actuarial valuation (using the Projected Unit Credit method). Actuarial losses/ gains are recognised in âOther Comprehensive Incomeâ in the year in which they arise.

Compensated absences

(i) Share-based payments

The fair value of the amount payable to employees in respect of share appreciation rights (SARs) and restricted stock units (RSUs) which are settled in cash, is recognised as an expense with a corresponding increase in liabilities, over the period that the employees unconditionally become entitled to the payment. The Company measures compensation expense for SARs at their fair value determined using Black-Scholes Model and RSUs based on fair market value of shares of 3M Company, USA on the date of the grant. Any change in the fair value of the liability are recognised in the Statement of profit and loss.

(j) Income taxes

i. Current tax

ii. Deferred tax

(k) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs attributable to the assets acquired on finance lease are expensed in the period in which they incur in the statement of profit and loss.

(l) Provisions and contingent liabilities

i. General

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the Company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss net of any reimbursement.

ii. Contingent liabilities

iii. Onerous contracts

(m) Leases

i. Finance leases

ii. Operating leases

(n) Segment reporting

Operating segments

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM). The Managing Director of the Company is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments and accordingly is identified as the CODM. Refer note 33 for segment information presented.

(o) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, demand deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

(p) Earnings per share

Basic Earnings Per Share (âEPSâ) is computed by dividing the net profit attributable to the equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

(q) Cash flow statement

(r) Standards issued but not yet effective

Amendment to Ind AS 115, Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Ind AS 115, establishes a comprehensive framework for determining whether, how much and when revenue should be recognised. It replaces existing revenue recognition guidance, including Ind AS 18 Revenue, Ind AS 11 Construction Contracts and Guidance Note on Accounting for Real Estate Transactions.

Ind AS 115 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 April 2018 and will be applied accordingly. The core principle of Ind AS 115 is that an entity should recognise revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Specifically, the standard introduces a 5-step approach to revenue recognition:

Step 1: Identify the contract(s) with a customer

Step 2: Identify the performance obligation in contract

Step 3: Determine the transaction price

Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract Step 5: Recognise revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation

The Company has completed an initial assessment of the potential impact of the adoption of Ind AS 115 on accounting policies followed in its financial statements. The quantitative impact of adoption of Ind AS 115 on the financial statements in the period of initial application is expected to be not material.

Sales of goods

For the sale of goods, revenue is currently recognised when related risks and rewards of ownership are transferred. Revenue is recognised at this point provided that the revenue and costs can be measured reliably, the recovery of the consideration is probable and there is no continuing management involvement with the goods.

Under Ind AS 115, revenue will be recognised when a customer obtains control of the goods.

Under Ind AS 115, revenue will be recognised for these contracts to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not occur. As a consequence, for those contracts for which the Company is unable to make a reasonable estimate of return, revenue is expected to be recognised sooner than when the return period lapses or a reasonable estimate can be made. A refund liability and an asset for recovery will be recognised for these contracts and presented separately in the balance sheet.

Transition

The Company plans to apply Ind AS 115 using the cumulative effect method, with the effect of initially applying this standard recognised at the date of initial application (i.e. 1 April 2018) in retained earnings and NCI. As a result, the Company will not present relevant individual line items appearing under comparative period presentation.

Ind AS 21, The effect of changes in Foreign Exchange rates

The amendment clarifies on the accounting of transactions that include the receipt or payment of advance consideration in a foreign currency. The appendix explains that the date of the transaction, for the purpose of determining the exchange rate, is the earlier of the date of initial recognition of the non-monetary prepayment asset or deferred income liability and the date that the related item is recognised in the financial statements. If there are multiple payments or receipts in advance, a date of transaction is established for each payment or receipt. The amendment will come into force from 1 April 2018. The Company is evaluating the impact of this amendment on its financial statements.

Mar 31, 2017

1. Reporting entity

3M India Limited (''the Company'') is a subsidiary of 3M Company, USA. The Company manages its operations in five operating segments: Industrial, Health Care, Safety and Graphics, Consumer and Energy. In India, the Company has manufacturing facilities at Ahmadabad, Bangalore, Pune and has a R&D Center in Bangalore. 3M India''s five business segments bring together common or related 3M technologies that enhance the development of innovative products and services and provide efficient sharing of business resources. The Company is a Public Limited Company domiciled in India with its registered office situated at Plot Nos. 48-51, Electronic City, Hosur Road, Bengaluru - 560 100 and is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange (NSE).

2. Basis of preparation

A. Statement of compliance

These financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) as per the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 notified under Section 133 of Companies Act, 2013, (the ''Act'') and other relevant provisions of the Act.

The financial statements up to and for the year ended 31 March 2016 were prepared in accordance with the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, notified under Section 133 of the Act and other relevant provisions of the Act.

As these are the Company''s first financial statements prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS), Ind AS 101, First-time Adoption of Indian Accounting Standards has been applied. An explanation of how the transition to Ind AS has affected the previously reported financial position, financial performance and cash flows of the Company is provided in Note 37.

The financial statements were authorized for issue by the Company''s Board of Directors on 26 May 2017.

Details of the Company''s significant accounting policies are included in Note 3.

B. Functional & presentation currency

These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (Rs.), which is also the Company''s functional currency. All amounts have been rounded-off to two decimal places to the nearest lakhs, unless otherwise indicated.

C. Basis of measurement

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for the following items:

Items Measurement basis

Certain financial assets and liabilities Fair value

Liabilities for cash settled shared-based payment arrangements Fair value

Net defined benefit (asset) / liability Fair value of plan assets less present value of defined benefit obligations

D. Use of estimates and judgments

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized prospectively.

Judgments

Information about judgments made in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effects on the amounts recognized in the financial statements is included in the following notes:

- Note 27 - leases: whether an arrangement contains a lease; and

- Note 27 - lease classification;

Assumptions and estimation uncertainties

Information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment in the year ending 31 March 2017 is included in the following notes:

- Note 4 - useful life of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets;

- Note 6 to 8, 11 and 41 - impairment of financial assets;

- Note 31 - measurement of defined benefit obligations: key actuarial assumptions;

- Note 36 - recognition and measurement of provisions and contingencies: key assumptions about the likelihood and magnitude of an outflow of resources; and

- Note 38 - recognition of deferred tax assets: availability of future taxable profit against which tax losses carried forward can be used;

E. Measurement of fair values

Certain accounting policies and disclosures of the Company require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and non financial assets and liabilities.

The Company has an established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values.

Fair values are categorized into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:

- Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

- Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices)

- Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs)

When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, Company uses observable market data as far as possible. If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into a different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorized in its entirely in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.

Further information about the assumptions made in the measuring fair values is included in the following notes:

- Note 30 - share-based payment arrangements and

- Note 41 - financial instruments

. Significant accounting policies

(a) Financial instruments

i. Recognition and initial measurement

The Company initially recognizes financial assets and financial liabilities when it becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. All financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on initial recognition which are initially measured at transaction price . Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities, that are not at fair value through profit or loss, are added to the fair value on initial recognition. Regular way purchase and sale of financial assets are accounted for at trade date.

ii. Classification and subsequent measurement Financial assets

On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at-Financial assets carried at amortized cost

A financial asset is subsequently measured at amortized cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are subsequently fair valued through profit or loss.

Financial liabilities

iii. Derecognition of financial instruments Financial assets

The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the right to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial assets are transferred or in which the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and does not retain control of the financial asset.

Financial liabilities

The Company derecognizes a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled, or expire.

The Company also derecognizes a financial liability when its terms are modified and the cash flows under the modified terms are substantially different. In this case, a new financial liability based on the modified terms is recognized at fair value. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability extinguished and a new financial liability with modified terms is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

iv. Offsetting

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the Balance Sheet when, and only when, the Company currently has a legally enforceable right to set off the amounts and it intends either to settle them on a net basis or realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

(b) Property, plant and equipment

i. Recognition and measurement

Items of property, plant and equipment, are measured at cost, which includes capitalizes borrowing cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognized in profit or loss.

ii. Transition to Ind AS

On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its property, plant and equipment recognized as at 1 April 2015, measured as per the previous GAAP, and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of such property, plant and equipment (refer note 37).

iii. Subsequent expenditure

Subsequent expenditure is capitalized only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company.

iv. Depreciation

Leasehold improvements are amortized over the period of lease or the estimated useful life whichever is lower. Assets acquired under finance leases are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and their useful lives unless it is reasonably certain that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term. Freehold land is not depreciated

Depreciation/amortization method, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each financial year-end and adjusted if appropriate. Based on technical evaluation and consequent advice, the management believes that the estimates of useful lives as given above best represent the period over which management expects to use these assets and are different from the useful lives as prescribed under part C of Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 for some assets. Estimates in respect of data processing equipment and furniture and fixtures were revised in 2015.

Depreciation on additions (disposals) is provided on a pro-rata basis i.e. from (up to) the date on which asset is ready for use (disposed of).

Internally generated : Research and development

Expenditure on research activities is recognized in profit or loss as incurred.

Development expenditure is capitalized as part of the cost of the resulting intangible asset only if the expenditure can be measured reliably, the product or process is technically and commercially feasible, future economic benefits are probable, and the Company intends to and has sufficient resources to complete development and to use or sell the asset. Otherwise, it is recognized in profit or loss as incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, the asset is measured at cost less accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses.

Others

Other intangible assets are stated at acquisition cost. Such intangible assets are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses.

Amortization is calculated to write off the cost of intangible assets less their estimated residual values over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method, and is included in depreciation and amortization in Statement of profit and loss. The amortization rates used are:

Asset Useful life

Computer software 3 years

(d) Impairment

(i) Financial assets

The Company recognizes loss allowances using the expected credit loss (ECL) model for the financial assets which are not fair valued through profit or loss. Loss allowance for trade receivables with no significant financing component is measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECL. For all other financial assets, expected credit losses are measured at an amount equal to the 12-month ECL, unless there has been a significant increase in credit risk from initial recognition in which case those are measured at lifetime ECL. The amount of expected credit losses (or reversal) that is required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required to be recognized is recognized as an impairment gain or loss in profit or loss.

(ii) Non -financial assets

Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment

(e) Inventories

Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

The comparison of cost and net realizable value is made on an item-by-item basis.

The provision for inventory obsolescence is ascertained regularly based on estimated usage of the products.

(f) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded by the Company at their functional currency spot rates at the date the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are translated at the functional currency spot rates of exchange at the Balance Sheet date. Exchange differences that arise on settlement of monetary items or on reporting at each balance sheet date of the Company''s monetary items at the closing rates are recognized as income or expenses in the period in which they arise. Non-monetary items which are carried at historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rates at the date of transaction. Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value is determined. Translation differences on non-monetary financial assets measured at fair value at the reporting date, such as equities classified as FVTOCI are included in other comprehensive income, net of taxes.

(g) Revenue recognition

Sales are recognized when significant risks and rewards of ownership in the goods are transferred to the buyer and are recorded net of sales returns, trade discount, rebates and sales tax collected. Revenue is recognized when the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer, recovery of the consideration is probable, the associated costs and possible return of goods can be estimated reliably, there is no continuing effective control over, or managerial involvement with, the goods, and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably.

Income from services rendered is booked based on agreements/ arrangements with concerned parties net of service tax.

Income from duty drawback, scrap sales, contract research and management support services etc, is recognized on an accrual basis.

Other income

Interest income is recognized using the effective interest method. The ''effective interest rate'' is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments or receipts through the expected life of the financial instrument to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset.

(h) Employee benefits Defined contribution plans

A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plans are recognized as an employee benefit expense in profit or loss in the periods during which the related services are rendered by employees.

Provident fund

Superannuation

The Company makes contribution to the Superannuation Scheme for certain employees participating in the scheme, a defined contribution scheme, administered by fund manager, based on a specified percentage of eligible employees'' salary. The Company''s obligation to the scheme is restricted to the contributions to the scheme.

Defined benefit plans

Gratuity

The Company has an obligation towards gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan covering eligible employees. The Company has an Employees Gratuity Fund where the investments are administered by a Fund Manager. The Company accounts for the liability of Gratuity Benefits payable in future based on an independent actuarial valuation (using the Projected Unit Credit method). Actuarial losses/ gains are recognized in ''Other Comprehensive Income'' in the year in which they arise.

Compensated absences

The Company provides for the encashment/ a ailment of leave with pay subject to certain rules. The employees are entitled to accumulate leave subject to certain limits, for future encashment/ a ailment. The liability is provided based on the number of days of unutilized leave at each balance sheet date on the basis of an independent actuarial valuation (using the Projected Unit Credit method). Actuarial losses / gains are recognized in ''Other Comprehensive Income'' in the year in which they arise.

(i) Share-based payments

The fair value of the amount payable to employees in respect of share appreciation rights (SARs) and restricted stock units (RSUs) which are settled in cash, is recognized as an expense with a corresponding increase in liabilities, over the period that the employees unconditionally become entitled to the payment. The Company measures compensation expense for SARs at their fair value determined using Black-Schools Model and RSUs based on fair market value of shares of 3M Company, USA on the date of the grant. Any change in the fair value of the liability are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(j) Income taxes

i. Current tax

ii. Deferred tax

Deferred income tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences.

(k) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs attributable to the assets acquired on finance lease are expensed in the period in which they incur in the statement of profit and loss.

(l) Provisions and contingent liabilities

i. General

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the Company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss net of any reimbursement.

ii. Contingent liabilities

iii. Onerous contracts

Provision for onerous contracts. i.e. contracts where the expected unavoidable cost of meeting the obligations under the contract exceed the economic benefits expected to be received under it, are recognized when it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle a present obligation as a result of an obligating event based on a reliable estimate of such obligation.

(m) Leases

i. Finance leases

The Company leases certain tangible assets and such leases where the Company has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Finance leases are capitalized at the inception of the lease at the lower of the fair value of the leased asset and the present value of the minimum lease payments.

ii. Operating leases

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the less or are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases are generally recognized in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease unless such payments are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the less orâs expected inflationary cost increases.

(n) Segment reporting Operating segments

(0) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, demand deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

(p) Earnings per share

Basic Earnings Per Share (''EPS'') is computed by dividing the net profit attributable to the equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

(q) Cash flow statement

New standards and interpretations not yet adopted

In March 2017, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs issued the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) (Amendments) Rules, 2017, notifying amendments to Ind AS 7, ''Statement of cash flows'' and Ind AS 102, ''Share-based payment.'' These amendments are in accordance with the recent amendments made by International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to IAS 7, ''Statement of cash flows'' and IFRS 2, ''Share-based payment,'' respectively. The amendments are applicable to the Company from April 1, 2017.

Amendment to Ind AS 7:

The amendment to Ind AS 7 requires the entities to provide disclosures that enable users of financial statements to evaluate changes in liabilities arising from financing activities, including both changes arising from cash flows and non-cash changes, suggesting inclusion of a reconciliation between the opening and closing balances in the balance sheet for liabilities arising from financing activities, to meet the disclosure requirement.

The Company is evaluating the requirements of the amendment and the effect on the financial statements is being evaluated.

Amendment to Ind AS 102:

The amendment to Ind AS 102 provides specific guidance to measurement of cash-settled awards, modification of cash-settled awards and awards that include a net settlement feature in respect of withholding taxes.

It clarifies that the fair value of cash-settled awards is determined on a basis consistent with that used for equity-settled awards. Market-based performance conditions and non-vesting conditions are reflected in the ''fair values'', but non-market performance conditions and service vesting conditions are reflected in the estimate of the number of awards expected to vest. Also, the amendment clarifies that if the terms and conditions of a cash-settled share-based payment transaction are modified with the result that it becomes an equity-settled share-based payment transaction, the transaction is accounted for as such from the date of the modification. Further, the amendment requires the award that include a net settlement feature in respect of withholding taxes to be treated as equity-settled in its entirety. The cash payment to the tax authority is treated as if it was part of an equity settlement.

The Company is evaluating the requirements of the amendment and the impact on the financial statements is being evaluated.

* Refer note 3(e) for mode of valuation of inventories

The write down of inventories to net realizable value during the year amounted to Rs. 220.20 lakhs (31 March 2016: Rs 270.25 lakhs, 1 April 2015: Rs 276.85 lakhs). The provision estimated by the management for obsolete stock during the year amounted to Rs. 725.34 lakhs (31 March 2016: Rs. 421.81 lakhs, 1 April 2015: Rs. 667.05 lakhs). The write down, reversal and provision for obsolete stock are included in the costs of materials consumed or changes in inventories of finished goods and work-in-progress.

(b) Rights, preferences and restrictions attached to the equity shares

The Company has only one class of shares referred to as equity shares having a par value of Rs. 10 per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share held. In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity shares will be entitled to receive any of the remaining assets of the Company, after distribution of all preferential amounts. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.

Note: (a) Rate of interest for finance lease obligations ranges from 3.40% to 13.90% per annum. Finance lease obligations are secured by hypothecation of assets underlying the leases. Finance lease obligations are payable on monthly / quarterly payment of equated monthly installments beginning from the month subsequent to taking the lease. Period of maturity for the lease obligations of vehicles is 4 years and for equipments it ranges from 3 years to 5 years. Also refer note 27(a).

29 Inter Company agreements and arrangements

a) Intellectual property agreement - The Company has entered into Intellectual Property agreement with 3M Innovative Properties Company and 3M Company, USA effective 1 July 2006 for the payment of license fees in the form of royalties. Payments were waived off for a period of 3 years effective from 1 July 2006 to 30 June 2009. These payments have been reinstated with effect from 1 July 2009. The Intellectual Property Agreement with 3M Innovative Properties Company and 3M Company, USA has been revised effective 1 July 2013. Accordingly, the Company has incurred an expenditure of Rs. 3,273.92 lakhs for the year ended 31 March 2017 (31 March 2016: Rs. 2,611.44 lakhs) .

b)(i) Support services/ corporate management fees - The Company has entered into support services agreement with 3M Company, USA (having expertise in establishing, operating and managing international business and incurring costs in developing, manufacturing, marketing and selling a diverse portfolio of products) with effect from 1 April 2009. The Company is charged with comprehensive support services charges by 3M Company, USA for the services received from all the 3M group companies in the areas of Laboratory, Technical assistance and Manufacturing, Selling and Marketing, Strategic and Managerial, Information Technology, Routine Administration and Foreign Services Employees Expenses. This agreement supersedes the agreement entered by the Company with 3M Asia Pacific Pte Limited dated 1 January 2003 which was terminated on 31 March 2009.

The Company has also entered into support services agreement with 3M Hong Kong Ltd with effect from 1 January 2011. The Company is charged with comprehensive support services charges by 3M Hong Kong Ltd for the services rendered in the area of Laboratory, Technical assistance and manufacturing, Selling and marketing and strategic and managerial. This agreement is in addition to the agreement already entered by the Company with 3M Company, USA dated 1 April 2009.

The Company has accrued an amount of Rs. 2,484.46 lakhs (31 March 2016: Rs. 1,772.00 lakhs, 1 April 2015: Rs. 1,640.09 lakhs) in respect of estimated liability for the above services during period 1 January 2017 to 31 March 2017, the actual liability would be ascertained by December 2017.

(ii) The support service agreement enables the Company to recharge expenses relating to Foreign Service Employees (FSEs) of 3M Company and its affiliates. Accordingly the Company has recognized a receivable of Rs. 1,193.17 lakhs (31 March 2016: Rs. 1,462.28 lakhs).

c) Contract research agreement - The Company has entered into contract research agreement with 3M Innovative Properties Company and 3M Company, USA effective 1 July 2006 for carrying out contract research activities. During the year, Company has recognized an income of Rs. 2,295.37 lakhs (31 March 2016: Rs. 2,114.29 lakhs).

30 Employee stock option plan

A. Description of share based payment arrangements

i) Share purchase plan (equity-settled)

3M Company, USA, the parent Company has offered ''General Employees Stock Purchase Plan'' to all the employees of the Company, under which the employees of the Company are eligible to purchase the shares of 3M Company, USA at 85% of the market price of the share. Under the plan, the Company deducts the amount from the monthly salary of the employees and remits the amount to 3M Company, USA. In accordance with the plan, the Company during the year has deducted for remittance a sum of Rs. 178.96 lakhs (2016: Rs. 105.45 lakhs) and cumulatively amounting to Rs. 730.97 lakhs (2016: Rs. 552.01 lakhs) from the salary of the employees who have opted for the plan. As of the year end a sum of Rs. 19.35 lakhs (2016: Rs. 8.72 lakhs) is pending remittance to the holding Company and the same is included under ''Other financial liabilities'' (refer note 17).

ii) Stock appreciation rights and Restricted stock units (cash-settled)

3M Company, USA has established 3M Company Long Term Incentive Plan (LTIP). As a part of the plan, Executive Directors and Senior Executives of the Company are eligible to acquire shares of 3M Company, USA via stock options, stock appreciation rights (SARs), restricted stock units (RSUs) and performance shares. The eligible employees are granted stock options/ stock appreciation rights (SARs)/ restricted stock units (RSUs) which will vest with the employees over a period of 3 years from the date of the grant and they can exercise the stock option within a stipulated period mentioned in the plan. Exercise price of SARs and RSUs will be Nil.

B. Measurement of fair values

The Company measures compensation expense for stock appreciation rights (SARs) at their fair value determined using Black-Scholes Model and restricted stock units (RSUs) based on fair market value of shares of 3M Company, USA on the date of the grant.

The expected term of the SARs is estimated based on the vesting term and contractual term of the SARs, as well as expected exercise behavior of the employee who receives the SAR. Expected volatility during the expected term is based on historical volatility of the observed market prices of the 3M Company USA''s publicly traded equity shares particularly over the historical period commensurate with the expected term.

D. Expense recognized in Statement of profit and loss

An amount of Rs. 1,391.25 lakhs (31 March 2016: Rs. 555.54 lakhs) has been debited to the Statement of profit and loss for the year and included under Employee benefits expense.

The above disclosures have been made to the extent information is available with the Company.

31 Employee benefits

(a) Defined contribution plan

The Company offers its employees defined contribution plans in the form of Provident Fund (PF), Superannuation Fund (SF), Employees'' State Insurance (ESI). Contribution to SF is made to 3M India Superannuation Fund. Other contributions are made to the Government''s funds. While both the employees and the Company pay predetermined contributions into the Provident Fund and the ESI Scheme, contributions into superannuation fund are made only by the Company. The contributions are normally based on a certain proportion of the employee''s salary.

During the year, the Company has recognized the following amounts in the Statement of profit and loss , which are included in contribution to provident and other funds:

Mar 31, 2014

A) Basis of preparation

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical cost convention on accrual basis. Pursuant to circular 15/2013 dated 13.09.2013 read with circular 08/2014 dated 04.04.2014, till the Standards of Accounting or any addendum thereto are prescribed by Central Government in consultation and recommendation of the National Financial Reporting Authority, the existing Accounting Standards notified under the Companies Act, 1956 shall continue to apply. Consequently, these financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with the accounting standards notified under Section 211(3C) [Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, as amended] and other relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.

All Assets and Liabilities have been classified as Current or Non-Current as per the Company''s operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of Current and Non-Current classification of Assets and Liabilities.

b) Fixed Assets Tangible Assets

Tangible Assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Subsequent expenditures related to an item of Fixed Asset are added to its book value only if they increase the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.

Items of Fixed Assets that have been retired from active use and are held for disposal are stated at the lower of their net book value and net realisable value and are shown separately in the financial statements. Any expected loss is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains or losses arising from disposal of Fixed Assets which are carried at cost are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Depreciation on Fixed Assets other than leasehold improvements is provided on straight line method at the following rates specified which are equal to or higher than the principal rates specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956:

Assets individually costing less than Rs.5,000 are fully depreciated in the year of addition.

Leasehold improvements are amortised over the period of lease or the estimated useful life whichever is lower.

Assets taken on finance leases are depreciated over the estimated useful life or the lease term, whichever is lower.

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Intangible Assets are amortised on a straight line basis over their estimated useful lives.

Gains or losses arising from the retirement or disposal of an Intangible Asset are determined as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and recognised as income or expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The amortisation rates used are:

Goodwill is amortised over the period of 5 years.

Cost of Leasehold land (including stamp duty) is amortised over the period of lease.

c) Impairment

At the Balance Sheet date, the Company assesses whether there is any indication that an asset may be materially impaired. If such an indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount, an impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss to the extent carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount.

d) Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and estimated net realisable value, after providing for cost of obsolescence and other anticipated losses, wherever considered necessary. The costs of raw materials and traded goods are ascertained on First In First Out basis, whereas manufactured work-in-progress and finished goods are ascertained on weighted average method.

Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

e) Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing on the dates of the transactions. At the period end all monetary foreign assets and liabilities are restated at the rates ruling at the period end and all exchange gains / losses arising there from are adjusted to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

f ) Revenue Recognition

Sales are recognised when goods are despatched in accordance with the terms of sale when significant risks and rewards of ownership in the goods are transferred to the buyer and are recorded net of sales returns, trade discount, rebates and sales tax collected but includes excise duty, where applicable.

Income from services rendered is booked based on agreements/ arrangements with concerned parties net of service tax.

Income from duty drawback, scrap sales, contract research and management support services etc., is recognised on an accrual basis.

g) Other Income

Interest income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable. Income from sub-lease is recognised on an accrual basis.

h) Employee Benefits

Provident Fund

Contribution towards provident fund for certain employees is made to the regulatory authorities, where the Company has no further obligations. Such benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company does not carry any further obligations, apart from the contributions made on a monthly basis.

Gratuity

The Company has an obligation towards gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan covering eligible employees. The Company has an Employees Gratuity Fund where the investments are administered by a Fund Manager. The Company accounts for the liability of Gratuity Benefits payable in future based on an independent actuarial valuation (using the Projected Unit Credit method). Actuarial losses/ gains are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which they arise.

Superannuation

The Company makes contribution to the Superannuation Scheme for certain employees participating in the scheme, a defined contribution scheme, administered by fund manager, based on a specified percentage of eligible employee''s salary. The Company''s obligation to the scheme is restricted to the contributions to the scheme.

Leave Encashment/ Compensated Absences

The Company provides for the encashment of leave with pay subject to certain rules. The employees are entitled to accumulate leave subject to certain limits, for future encashment/ availment. The liability is provided based on the number of days of unutilized leave at each balance sheet date on the basis of an independent actuarial valuation (using the Projected Unit Credit method).

i) Current tax and Deferred tax

Taxes on income for the current year are determined on the basis of provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961.

Tax expense for the period, comprising current tax and deferred tax, are included in the determination of the net profit or loss for the period. Current tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the taxation laws prevailing in the respective jurisdictions.

Deferred tax is recognised for all the timing differences, subject to the consideration of prudence in respect of deferred tax assets. Deferred tax assets are recognised and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. At each Balance Sheet date, the Company reassesses unrecognised deferred tax assets, if any.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off assets against liabilities representing current tax and where the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing taxation laws.

j) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities

Provisions

Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation.

Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance sheet date and are not discounted to its present value.

Where the Company expects a provision to be reimbursed, the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset but only when reimbursement is virtually certain.

Contingent Liabilities

Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

k) Leases

Finance Leases:

The Company leases certain tangible assets and such leases where the Company has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Finance leases are capitalised at the inception of the lease at the lower of the fair value of the leased asset and the present value of the minimum lease payments.

Each lease payment is apportioned between the finance charge and the reduction of the outstanding liability. The outstanding liability is included in long-term borrowings and other current liabilities as appropriate. The finance charge is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period.

Operating Leases:

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight line basis over the period of the lease.

l) Segment Reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for the Company. Revenue and Expenses have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue and Expenses, which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, have been included under "Unallocated income/ expenses".

m) Cash and Cash Equivalents

In the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash in hand, demand deposits with banks with original maturities of three months or less.

n) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

o) Expenditure

Expenses are accounted for, on accrual basis and provision is made for all known losses and liabilities.

Excise duty and customs duty are accrued on the goods lying at the factory premises.

Revenue Expenditure on Research and Development is charged against the profit for the period in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on Research and Development is shown as an addition to fixed assets.

p) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates; a revision to accounting estimates is recognised prospectively in the current and future periods.

Mar 31, 2013

A) Basis of preparation

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical cost convention on accrual basis. These financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with the accounting standards notified under Section 211 (3C) [Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, as amended] and the other relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current and non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

b) Fixed assets Tangible Assets

Tangible Assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Subsequent expenditures related to an item of fixed asset are added to its book value only if they increase the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.

Items of fixed assets that have been retired from active use and are held for disposal are stated at the lower of their net book value and net realisable value and are shown separately in the financial statements. Any expected loss is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains or losses arising from disposal of fixed assets which are carried at cost are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Depreciation on fixed assets other than leasehold improvements is provided on straight line method at the following rates specified which are equal to or higher than the principal rates specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956:

Assets individually costing less than Rs.5,000 are fully depreciated in the year of addition.

Leasehold improvements are amortised over the period of lease as estimated by the management.

Assets taken on finance leases are depreciated over the estimated useful life or the lease term, whichever is lower.

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Intangible assets are amortised on a straight line basis over their estimated useful lives.

Gains or losses arising from the retirement or disposal of an intangible asset are determined as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and recognised as income or expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The amortisation rates used are:

Goodwill is amortised over the period of 5 years.

Cost of Leasehold land (including stamp duty) is amortised over the period of lease.

c) Impairment

At the Balance Sheet date, the Company assesses whether there is any indication that an asset may be materially impaired. If such an indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount, an impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss to the extent carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount.

d) Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and estimated net realizable value, after providing for cost of obsolescence and other anticipated losses, wherever considered necessary. The costs of raw materials and traded goods are ascertained on FIFO basis, whereas manufactured work-in-progress and finished goods are ascertained on weighted average method.

Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

e) Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing on the dates of the transactions. At the period end all monetary foreign assets and liabilities are restated at the rates ruling at the period end and all exchange gains / losses arising there from are adjusted to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

f) Revenue Recognition

Sales are recognised when goods are despatched in accordance with the terms of sale when significant risks and rewards are transferred and are recorded net of sales returns, trade discount, rebates and sales tax collected but includes excise duty, where applicable.

Income from services rendered is booked based on agreements/ arrangements with concerned parties net of service tax.

Income from duty drawback, scarp sales, contract research and management support services etc., is recognised on an accrual basis.

g) Other Income

Interest income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable. Income from sub-lease is recognised on an accrual basis.

h) Employee Benefits Provident Fund

Contribution towards provident fund for certain employees is made to the regulatory authorities, where the Company has no further obligations. Such benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company does not carry any further obligations, apart from the contributions made on a monthly basis.

Gratuity

The Company has an obligation towards gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan covering eligible employees. The Company has an Employees Gratuity Fund where the investments are administered by a Fund Manager. The Company accounts for the liability of Gratuity Benefits payable in future based on an independent actuarial valuation. Actuarial losses/ gains are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which they arise.

Superannuation

The Company makes contribution to the Superannuation Scheme for certain employees participating in the scheme, a defined contribution scheme, administered by fund manager, based on a specified percentage of eligible employee''s salary. The Company''s obligation to the scheme is restricted to the contributions to the scheme.

Leave Encashmen tjCompensated Absences

The Company provides for the encashment of leave with pay subject to certain rules. The employees are entitled to accumulate leave subject to certain limits, for future encashment/ availment. The liability is provided based on the number of days of unutilized leave at each balance sheet date on the basis of an independent actuarial valuation.

i) Current tax and Deferred tax

Taxes on income for the current year are determined on the basis of provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961.

Tax expense for the period, comprising current tax and deferred tax, are included in the determination of the net profit or loss for the period. Current tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the taxation laws prevailing in the respective jurisdictions.

Deferred tax is recognised for all the timing differences, subject to the consideration of prudence in respect of deferred tax assets. Deferred tax assets are recognised and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. At each Balance Sheet date, the Company reassesses unrecognised deferred tax assets, if any.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off assets against liabilities representing current tax and where the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing taxation laws.

j) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities

Provisions

Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation.

Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance Sheet date and are not discounted to its present value.

Where the Company expects a provision to be reimbursed, the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset but only when reimbursement is virtually certain.

Contingent Liabilities

Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made, is termed as a contingent liability.

k) Leases

Finance Leases:

The Company leases certain tangible assets and such leases where the Company has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Finance leases are capitalised at the inception of the lease at the lower of the fair value of the leased asset and the present value of the minimum lease payments.

Each lease payment is apportioned between the finance charge and the reduction of the outstanding liability. The outstanding liability is included in long-term borrowings and other current liabilities as appropriate. The finance charge is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period.

Operating Leases:

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight line basis over the period of the lease.

I) Segment Reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for the Company. Revenue and expenses have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, have been included under "Unallocated income/ expenses".

m) Cash and Cash Equivalents

In the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash in hand, demand deposits with banks with original maturities of three months or less.

n) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

o) Expenditure

Expenses are accounted for, on accrual basis and provision is made for all known losses and liabilities.

Excise duty and customs duty are accrued on the goods lying at the factory premises.

Revenue expenditure on Research and Development is charged against the profit for the period in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on research and development is shown as an addition to fixed assets.

p) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates; a revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in the current and future periods.

Mar 31, 2012

A) Basis of preparation

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical cost convention on accrual basis. These financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with the accounting standards notified under Section 211(3C) [Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, as amended] and the other relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company's normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current and non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

b) Fixed assets Tangible Assets

Tangible Assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Subsequent expenditures related to an item of fixed asset are added to its book value only if they increase the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.

Items of fixed assets that have been retired from active use and are held for disposal are stated at the lower of their net book value and net realisable value and are shown separately in the financial statements. Any expected loss is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains or losses arising from disposal of fixed assets which are carried at cost are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Assets individually costing less than Rs.5,000 are fully depreciated in the year of addition.

Leasehold improvements are amortized over the period of lease as estimated by the management.

Cost of Leasehold land (including stamp duty) is amortised over the period of lease.

Assets taken on finance leases are depreciated over the estimated useful life or the lease term, whichever is lower.

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight line basis over their estimated useful lives.

Gains or losses arising from the retirement or disposal of an intangible asset are determined as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and recognised as income or expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

c) Impairment

At the Balance Sheet date, the Company assesses whether there is any indication that an asset may be materially impaired. If such an indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount, an impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss to the extent carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount.

d) Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and estimated net realizable value, after providing for cost of obsolescence and other anticipated losses, wherever considered necessary. The costs of raw materials and traded goods are ascertained on FIFO basis, whereas manufactured work-in-progress and finished goods are ascertained on weighted average method.

Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

e) Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing on the dates of the transactions. At the period end all monetary foreign assets and liabilities are restated at the rates ruling at the period end and all exchange gains / losses arising there from are adjusted to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

f) Revenue Recognition

Sales are recognised when goods are despatched in accordance with the terms of sale when significant risks and rewards are transferred and are recorded net of sales returns, trade discount, rebates and sales tax collected but includes excise duty, where applicable.

Income from services rendered is booked based on agreements/ arrangements with concerned parties.

Income from duty drawback, contract research and management support services is recognised on an accrual basis.

g) Other Income

Interest income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable. Income from sub-lease is recognised on an accrual basis.

h) Employee Benefits

Provident Fund

Contribution towards provident fund for certain employees is made to the regulatory authorities, where the Company has no further obligations. Such benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company does not carry any further obligations, apart from the contributions made on a monthly basis (refer note 32).

Gratuity

The Company has an obligation towards Gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan covering eligible employees. The Company has an Employees Gratuity Fund where the investments are administered by a Fund Manager. The Company accounts for the liability of Gratuity Benefits payable in future based on an independent actuarial valuation.

Superannuation

The Company makes contribution to the Superannuation Scheme, a defined contribution scheme, administered by fund manager, based on a specified percentage of eligible employee's salary. The Company's obligation to the scheme is restricted to the contributions to the scheme.

Leave Encashment/ Compensated Absences

The Company provides for the encashment of leave with pay subject to certain rules. The employees are entitled to accumulate leave subject to certain limits, for future encashment/ availment. The liability is provided based on the number of days of unutilized leave at each Balance Sheet date on the basis of an independent actuarial valuation.

i) Current tax and Deferred tax

Taxes on income for the current year are determined on the basis of provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961.

Tax expense for the period, comprising current tax and deferred tax, are included in the determination of the net profit or loss for the period. Current tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the taxation laws prevailing in the respective jurisdictions.

Deferred tax is recognised for all the timing differences, subject to the consideration of prudence in respect of deferred tax assets. Deferred tax assets are recognised and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. At each Balance Sheet date, the Company reassesses unrecognised deferred tax assets, if any.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off assets against liabilities representing current tax and where the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing taxation laws.

j) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities

Provisions

Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation.

Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance Sheet date and are not discounted to its present value.

Where the Company expects a provision to be reimbursed, the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset but only when reimbursement is virtually certain.

Contingent Liabilities

Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made, is termed as a contingent liability.

k) Leases

Finance Leases:

The Company leases certain tangible assets and such leases where the Company has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Finance leases are capitalised at the inception of the lease at the lower of the fair value of the leased asset and the present value of the minimum lease payments.

Each lease payment is apportioned between the finance charge and the reduction of the outstanding liability. The out- standing liability is included in long-term borrowings and other current liabilities as appropriate. The finance charge is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period.

Operating Leases:

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease.

l) Segment Reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for the Company. Revenue and expenses have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, have been included under "Unallocated income/ expenses".

m) Cash and Cash Equivalents

In the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash in hand, demand deposits with banks with original maturities of three months or less.

n) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

o) Expenditure

Expenses are accounted for, on accrual basis and provision is made for all known losses and liabilities.

Excise duty and customs duty are accrued on the goods lying at the factory premises and at the bonded warehouse as at the period end, respectively.

Revenue expenditure on Research and Development is charged against the profit for the period in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on research and development is shown as an addition to fixed assets.

p) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates; a revision to accounting estimates is recog- nized prospectively in the current and future periods.

Mar 31, 2011

A Method of Accounting

The Company adopts the historical cost concept and accrual basis in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in India for the preparation of its accounts. The Financial Statements are prepared to comply in all material aspects with all the applicable accounting principles in India, the applicable accounting standards notified u/s 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.

b Fixed Assets

Tangible Assets

Fixed Assets are stated at original cost less accumulated depreciation. Cost includes invoice price and wherever applicable freight, duties and taxes, related interest on specific borrowings up to the date of acquisition / installation and expenses incidental to acquisition and installation.

Intangible Assets

Operating Software is capitalized along with Fixed Assets. Application software are amortised based on Management estimation of useful life.

c Depreciation and Amortisation

Assets costing less than Rs.5,000 are fully depreciated in the year of addition. Leasehold improvements are amortised over the period of lease as estimated by the Management. Cost of Leasehold land (including stamp duty) is amortised over the period of lease. Assets taken on finance leases are depreciated over the estimated useful life or the lease term, whichever is lower.

d Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and estimated net realisable value, after providing for cost of obsolescence and other anticipated losses, wherever considered necessary. The costs of raw materials and traded goods are ascertained on FIFO basis whereas manufactured work in progress and finished goods are ascertained on weighted average method.

Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Stores and spares are valued at Cost.

e Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing on the dates of the transactions. At the period end all monetary foreign assets and liabilities are restated at the rates ruling at the period end and all exchange gains / losses arising there from are adjusted to the Profit and Loss Account.

f Employee Benefits

Gratuity

The Company has an obligation towards gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan covering eligible employees. The Company has an Employees Gratuity Fund where the investments are administered by a Fund Manager. The Company accounts for the liability of Gratuity Benefits payable in future based on an independent actuarial valuation.

Superannuation

The Company makes contribution to the Superannuation Scheme, a defined contribution scheme, administered by Fund Manager, based on a specified percentage of eligible employees salary. The Companys obligation to the scheme is restricted to the contributions to the scheme.

Leave Encashment/ Compensated Absences

The Company provides for the encashment of leave with pay subject to certain rules. The employees are entitled to accumulate leave subject to certain limits, for future encashment/ availment. The liability is provided based on the number of days of unutilised leave at each Balance Sheet date on the basis of an independent actuarial valuation.

Provident Fund

Contributions payable in respect of Provident Fund, which is a defined contribution scheme, is charged to the Profit and Loss account. [Refer Note 13 (i) below]

g Revenue Recognition

Sales are recognised when goods are despatched in accordance with the terms of sale and significant risks and rewards are transferred and are recorded net of sales returns, trade discount, rebates and sales tax collected but includes excise duty, where applicable.

Income from services rendered is booked based on agreements/arrangements with concerned parties. Income from interest is booked on a time proportion basis.

h Expenditure

Expenses are accounted for, on accrual basis and provision is made for all known losses and liabilities.

Excise duty and customs duty are accrued on the goods lying at the factory premises and at the bonded warehouse as at the period end, respectively.

Revenue expenditure on Research and Development is charged against the profit for the period in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on research and development is shown as an addition to fixed assets.

i Leases

Finance Leases

Assets acquired under lease where the Company has substantially all the risk and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Such leases are capitalised at the inception of lease at lower of the fair value and present value of minimum lease payments. Each lease rental paid is allocated between the liability and the interest cost, so as to obtain a constant periodic rate of interest on the outstanding liability for each period.

Operating Leases

Assets acquired as leases where a significant portion of risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Operating lease charges are recognised in the Profit and Loss account on a straight line basis over the lease term.

j Taxation

Taxes on income for the current year are determined on the basis of provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred Tax is recognized on timing differences between the accounting income and the taxable income for the year and quantified using the tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as on the Balance Sheet date.

Deferred Tax assets are recognized and carried forward to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax asset can be realised.

k Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate of the amount can be made. Where the Company expects a provision to be reimbursed, the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset but only when reimbursement is virtually certain.

l Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates; a revision to accounting estimates is recognised prospectively in the current and future periods.

m Impairment

At the Balance Sheet date the Company assesses whether there is any indication that an asset may be materially impaired. If such an indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount, an impairment loss is recognised in the Profit and Loss Account to the extent carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount.

n. Earnings per share

Basic earning per equity share is arrived at based on net profit / (loss) after taxation to the basic/weighted average number of equity shares.

Mar 31, 2010

A Method of Accounting

The Company adopts the historical cost concept and accrual basis in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in India for the preparation of its accounts. The Financial Statements are prepared to comply in all material aspects with all the applicable accounting principles in India, the applicable accounting standards notified under sub-section (3C) of Section 211 of the Companies Act, 1956 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.

b Fixed assets

Tangible Assets

Fixed assets are stated at original cost less accumulated depreciation. Cost includes invoice price and wherever applicable freight, duties and taxes, related interest on specific borrowings upto the date of acquisition / installation and expenses incidental to acquisition and installation.

Intangible Assets

Operating Software is capitalized along with fixed assets. Application software are amortised based on management estimation of useful life.

c Depreciation and amortisation

Depreciation on fixed assets other than leasehold improvements is provided on straight line method at the following rates specified which are equal to or higher than the principal rates specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956:

Per Annum

Building 3.34%

Plant and Machinery 10.34%

Data Processing Equipments and Software 20.00% to 33.33%

Office Equipment 20.00%

Furniture and Fixtures 6.67%

Vehicles 20.00%

Assets costing less than Rs.5,000 are fully depreciated in the year of addition.

Leasehold improvements are amortised over the period of lease as estimated by the management.

Cost of Leasehold land (including stamp duty) is amortised over the period of lease.

d Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and estimated net realisable value, after providing for cost of obsolescence and other anticipated losses, wherever considered necessary. The costs of raw materials and traded goods are ascertained on FIFO basis whereas manufactured work in progress and finished goods are ascertained on weighted average method.

Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Stores and spares are valued at Cost.

e Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing on the dates of the transactions. At the period end all monetary foreign assets and liabilities are restated at the rates ruling at the period end and all exchange gains / losses arising there from are adjusted to the Profit and Loss Account.

f Employee Benefits

Gratuity

The Company has an obligation towards gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan covering eligible employees. The Company has an Employees Gratuity Fund where the investments are administered by a Fund Manager. The Company accounts for the liability of Gratuity Benefits payable in future based on an independent actuarial valuation.

Superannuation

The Company makes contribution to the Superannuation Scheme, a defined contribution scheme, administered by Fund Manager based on a specified percentage of eligible employees salary. The CompanyÃs obligation to the scheme is restricted to the contributions to the scheme.

Leave Encashment/ Compensated Absences

The Company provides for the encashment of leave with pay subject to certain rules. The employees are entitled to accumulate leave subject to certain limits, for future encashment/ availment. The liability is provided based on the number of days of unutilized leave at each balance sheet date on the basis of an independent actuarial valuation.

Provident Fund

Contributions payable in respect of Provident Fund, which is a defined contribution scheme, is charged to the Profit and Loss account. [refer Note 13 (i) below]

g Revenue Recognition

Sales are recognised when goods are dispatched in accordance with the terms of sale and significant risks and rewards are transferred and are recorded net of sales returns, trade discount, rebates and sales tax collected but includes excise duty, where applicable.

Income from services rendered is booked based on agreements/arrangements with concerned parties.

Income from interest is booked on a time proportion basis.

h Expenditure

Expenses are accounted for, on accrual basis and provision is made for all known losses and liabilities.

Excise duty and customs duty are accrued on the goods lying at the factory premises and at the bonded warehouse as at the period end, respectively.

Revenue expenditure on Research and Development is charged against the profit for the period in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on research and development is shown as an addition to fixed assets.

i Leases

A lease is classified as an Operating Lease, if it does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards incident to ownership. Lease rentals are charged to Profit and Loss Account on straight-line basis over the lease term, estimated by the management.

j Taxation

Taxes on income for the current period are determined on the basis of provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred Tax is recognized on timing differences between the accounting income and the taxable income for the period and quantified using the tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as on the Balance Sheet date.

Deferred Tax assets are recognized and carried forward to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax asset can be realised.

Fringe Benefit Tax is determined at current applicable rates on expenses falling within the ambit of ÃFringe BenefitÃ, as defined under Income Tax Act, 1961.

k Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate of the amount can be made. Where the Company expects a provision to be reimbursed, the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset but only when reimbursement is virtually certain.

l Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) requires Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates; a revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in the current and future periods.

m Impairment

At the Balance Sheet date the Company assesses whether there is any indication that an asset may be materially impaired. If such an indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount, an impairment loss is recognised in the Profit and Loss Account to the extent carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount.

n. Earnings per Share

Basic earning per equity share is arrived at based on net profit / (loss) after taxation to the basic/weighted average number of equity shares.

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