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Accounting Policies of Acropetal Technologies Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2015

A.1 Basis of accounting and preparation of financial statements

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical cost convention. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the previous year.

A.2 Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognised in the periods in which the results are known / materialise.

A.3 Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (on FIFO / weighted average basis) and the net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to the point of sale, including octroi and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, excise duty.

A.4 Cash and cash equivalents (for purposes of Cash Flow Statement)

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short-term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.

A.5 Cash flow statement

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby Profit / (loss) before extraordinary items and tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.

A.6 Depreciation and amortisation

Depreciation and ammortisation have been provided on written down value at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of Companies Act, 1956.

A.7 Revenue recognition

Sale of goods

Sales are recognised, net of returns and trade discounts, on transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer, which generally coincides with the delivery of goods to customers. Sales include excise duty but exclude sales tax and value added tax.

Income from services

Revenues from contracts priced on a time and material basis are recognised when services are rendered and related costs are incurred. Revenues from turnkey contracts, which are generally time bound fixed price contracts, are recognised over the life of the contract using the proportionate completion method, with contract costs determining the degree of completion. Foreseeable losses on such contracts are recognised when probable. Revenues from maintenance contracts are recognised pro-rata over the period of the contract.

A.8 Other income

Interest income is accounted on accrual basis. Dividend income is accounted for when the right to receive it is established.

A.9 Tangible fixed assets

Fixed assets, are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of fixed assets includes interest on borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying fixed assets up to the date the asset is ready for its intended use and other incidental expenses incurred up to that date. Exchange differences arising on restatement / settlement of long-term foreign currency borrowings relating to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets are adjusted to the cost of the respective assets and depreciated over the remaining useful life of such assets. Machinery spares which can be used only in connection with an item of fixed asset and whose use is expected to be irregular are capitalised and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of the relevant assets. Subsequent expenditure relating to fixed assets is capitalised only if such expenditure results in an increase in the future benefits from such asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance. Fixed assets acquired and put to use for project purpose are capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in the project cost till commissioning of the project.

Fixed assets acquired in full or part exchange for another asset are recorded at the fair market value or the net book value of the asset given up, adjusted for any balancing cash consideration. Fair market value is determined either for the assets acquired or asset given up, whichever is more clearly evident. Fixed assets acquired in exchange for securities of the Company are recorded at the fair market value of the assets or the fair market value of the securities issued, whichever is more clearly evident. Fixed assets retired from active use and held for sale are stated at the lower of their net book value and net realisable value and are disclosed separately in the Balance Sheet. Capital work-in-progress:

Projects under which assets are not ready for their intended use and other capital work-in-progress are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.

A.10 Intangible assets

Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of an intangible asset comprises its purchase price, including any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the taxing authorities), and any directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its intended use and net of any trade discounts and rebates. Subsequent expenditure on an intangible asset after its purchase / completion is recognised as an expense when incurred unless it is probable that such expenditure will enable the asset to generate future economic benefits in excess of its originally assessed standards of performance and such expenditure can be measured and attributed to the asset reliably, in which case such expenditure is added to the cost of the asset.

A.11 Foreign currency transactions and translations

Initial recognition

Transactions in foreign currencies entered into by the Company and its integral foreign operations are accounted at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction or at rates that closely approximate the rate at the date of the transaction.

Measurement of foreign currency monetary items at the Balance Sheet date Foreign currency monetary items (other than derivative contracts) of the Company and its net investment in non-integral foreign operations outstanding at the Balance Sheet date are restated at the year-end rates. In the case of integral operations, assets and liabilities (other than non-monetary items), are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on the Balance Sheet date. Non-monetary items are carried at historical cost. Revenue and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates prevailing during the year. Exchange differences arising out of these translations are charged to the Statement of Profitt and Loss.

Treatment of exchange differences

Exchange differences arising on settlement / restatement of short-term foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities of the Company and its integral foreign operations are recognised as income or expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The exchange differences on restatement / settlement of loans to non-integral foreign operations that are considered as net investment in such operations are accumulated in a "Foreign currency translation reserve" until disposal / recovery of the net investment. The exchange differences arising on restatement / settlement of long-term foreign currency monetary items are capitalised as part of the depreciable fixed assets to which the monetary item relates and depreciated over the remaining useful life of such assets or amortised on settlement / over the maturity period of such items if such items do not relate to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets. The unamortised balance is carried in the Balance Sheet as "Foreign currency monetary item translation difference account" net of the tax effect thereon.

Accounting of forward contracts

Premium / discount on forward exchange contracts, which are not intended for trading or speculation purposes, are amortised over the period of the contracts if such contracts relate to monetary items as at the Balance Sheet date. Refer Notes 2.26 and 2.27 for accounting for forward exchange contracts relating to firm commitments and highly probable forecast transactions.

A.12 Government grants, subsidies and export incentives

Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants / subsidy will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire capital assets are presented by deducting them from the carrying value of the assets. The grant is recognised as income over the life of a depreciable asset by way of a reduced depreciation charge. Export benefits are accounted for in the year of exports based on eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.

Government grants in the nature of promoters' contribution like investment subsidy, where no repayment is ordinarily expected in respect thereof, are treated as capital reserve. Government grants in the form of non-monetary assets, given at a concessional rate, are recorded on the basis of their acquisition cost. In case the non-monetary asset is given free of cost, the grant is recorded at a nominal value. Other government grants and subsidies are recognised as income over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are intended to compensate, on a systematic basis.

A.13 Investments

Long-term investments (excluding investment properties), are carried individually at cost less provision for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are carried individually, at the lower of cost and fair value. Cost of investments include acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties. Investment properties are carried individually at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any. Investment properties are capitalised and depreciated (where applicable) in accordance with the policy stated for Tangible Fixed Assets. Impairment of investment property is determined in accordance with the policy stated for Impairment of Assets.

A.14 Employee benefits

Employee benefits include provident fund, superannuation fund, gratuity fund, compensated absences, long service awards and post-employment medical benefits. Defined contribution plans

The Company's contribution to provident fund and superannuation fund are considered as defined contribution plans and are charged as an expense as they fall due based on the amount of contribution required to be made. Defined benefit plans For defined benefit plans in the form of gratuity fund and post-employment medical benefits, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognised immediately to the extent that the benefits are already vested and otherwise is amortised on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested. The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognised past service cost, as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to past service cost, plus the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the schemes.

A.15 Employee share based payments

The Company has formulated Employee Stock Option Schemes (ESOS) in accordance with the SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999. The Schemes provide for grant of options to employees of the Company and its subsidiaries to acquire equity shares of the Company that vest in a graded manner and that are to be exercised within a specified period. In accordance with the SEBI Guidelines; the excess, if any, of the closing market price on the day prior to the grant of the options under ESOS over the exercise price is amortised on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. [OR]

The Company has constituted an Employee Stock Option Plan - XXXX. Employee Stock Options granted on or after 1 April, 2005 are accounted under the 'Intrinsic Value Method' stated in the Guidance Note on Employee Share Based Payments issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.

A.16 Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs include interest, amortisation of ancillary costs incurred and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost. Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the extent not directly related to the acquisition of qualifying assets are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the tenure of the loan. Borrowing costs, allocated to and utilised for qualifying assets, pertaining to the period from commencement of activities relating to construction / development of the qualifying asset upto the date of capitalisation of such asset is added to the cost of the assets. Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted.

A.17 Segment reporting

The Company identifies primary segments based on the dominant source, nature of risks and returns and the internal organisation and management structure. The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information is available and for which operating Profitt/loss amounts are evaluated regularly by the executive Management in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter- segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis have been included under unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities .

A.18 Leases

Where the Company as a lessor leases assets under finance leases, such amounts are recognised as receivables at an amount equal to the net investment in the lease and the finance income is recognised based on a constant rate of return on the outstanding net investment. Assets leased by the Company in its capacity as lessee where substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership vest in the Company are classified as finance leases. Such leases are capitalised at the inception of the lease at the lower of the fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payments and a liability is created for an equivalent amount. Each lease rental paid is allocated between the liability and the interest cost so as to obtain a constant periodic rate of interest on the outstanding liability for each year. Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an asset substantially vest with the lessor are recognised as operating leases. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis.

A.19 Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the Profit / (loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profi t / (loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to expense or income relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of equity shares. which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease the net Profitt per share from continuing ordinary operations. Potential dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable had the shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e. average market value of the outstanding shares). Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each period presented. The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted for share splits / reverse share splits and bonus shares, as appropriate

A.20 Taxes on income

Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax laws, which gives future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to future income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax. Accordingly, MAT is recognised as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it is probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company. Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences, being the differences between the taxable income and the accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantially enacted as at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all timing differences. Deferred tax assets in respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses are recognised only if there is virtual certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income available to realise such assets. Deferred tax assets are recognised for timing differences of other items only to the extent that reasonable certainty exists that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which these can be realised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if such items relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing tax laws and the Company has a legally enforceable right for such set off. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date for their realisability.

Current and deferred tax relating to items directly recognised in equity are recognised in equity and not in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

A.21 Research and development expenses

Revenue expenditure pertaining to research is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are also charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss unless a product's technological feasibility has been established, in which case such expenditure is capitalised. The amount capitalised comprises expenditure that can be directly attributed or allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis to creating, producing and making the asset ready for its intended use. Fixed assets utilised for research and development are capitalised and depreciated in accordance with the policies stated for Tangible Fixed Assets and Intangible Assets.

A.22 Joint venture operations

The accounts of the Company reflect its share of the Assets, Liabilities, Income and Expenditure of the Joint Venture Operations which are accounted on the basis of the audited accounts of the Joint Ventures on line-by-line basis with similar items in the Company's accounts to the extent of the participating interest of the Company as per the Joint Venture Agreements.

A.23 Impairment of assets

The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance Sheet date are reviewed for impairment. If any indication of impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated and impairment is recognised, if the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in earlier accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss, except in case of revalued assets.

A.24 Provisions and contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the Notes.

A.25 Provision for warranty

The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when products are sold. These estimates are established using historical information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidence based on corrective actions on product failures. The timing of outfl ows will vary as and when warranty claim will arise - being typically upto three years.

As per the terms of the contracts, the Company provides post-contract services / warranty support to some of its customers. The Company accounts for the post-contract support / provision for warranty on the basis of the information available with the Management duly taking into account the current and past technical estimates.

A.26 Share issues expenses

Share issue expenses and redemption premium are adjusted against the Securities Premium Account as permissible under Section 78(2) of the Companies Act, 1956, to the extent balance is available for utilisation in the Securities Premium Account. The balance of share issue expenses is carried as an asset and is amortised over a period of 5 years from the date of the issue of shares.

A.27 Insurance claims

Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted / expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

A.28 Service tax input credit

Service tax input credit is accounted for in the books in the period in which the underlying service received is accounted and when there is no uncertainty in availing / utilising the credits.


Mar 31, 2014

A.1 Basis of accounting and preparation of financial statements

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical cost convention. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the previous year.

A.2 Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognised in the periods in which the results are known / materialise.

A.3 Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (on FIFO /

weighted average basis) and the net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to the point of sale, including octroi and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, excise duty.

A.4 Cash and cash equivalents (for purposes of Cash Flow Statement)

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short- term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.

A.5 Cash flow statement

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit / (loss) before extraordinary items and tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.

A.6 Depreciation and amortisation

Depreciation and ammortisation have been provided on straight line value and on written down value respectively at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of Companies Act, 1956.

A.7 Revenue recognition Sale of goods

Sales are recognised, net of returns and trade discounts, on transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer, which generally coincides with the delivery of goods to customers. Sales include excise duty but exclude sales tax and value added tax.

Income from services

"Revenues from contracts priced on a time and material basis are recognised when services are rendered and related costs are incurred. Revenues from turnkey contracts, which are generally time bound fixed price contracts, are recognised over the life of the contract using the proportionate completion method, with contract costs determining the degree of completion. Foreseeable losses on such contracts are recognised when probable.

Revenues from maintenance contracts are recognised pro-rata over the period of the contract." Annual Report 2013-2014 | 55

A.8 Other income

Interest income is accounted on accrual basis. Dividend income is accounted for when the right to receive it is established.

A.9 Tangible fixed assets

"Fixed assets, are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of fixed assets includes interest on borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying fixed assets up to the date the asset is ready for its intended use and other incidental expenses incurred up to that date. Exchange differences arising on restatement / settlement of long-term foreign currency borrowings relating to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets are adjusted to the cost of the respective assets and depreciated over the remaining useful life of such assets. Machinery spares which can be used only in connection with an item of fixed asset and whose use is expected to be irregular are capitalised and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of the relevant assets. Subsequent expenditure relating to fixed assets is capitalised only if such expenditure results in an increase in the future benefits from such asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.Fixed assets acquired and put to use for project purpose are capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in the project cost till commissioning of the project."

Fixed assets acquired in full or part exchange for another asset are recorded at the fair market value or the net book value of the asset given up, adjusted for any balancing cash consideration. Fair market value is determined either for the assets acquired or asset given up, whichever is more clearly evident. Fixed assets acquired in exchange for securities of the Company are recorded at the fair market value of the assets or the fair market value of the securities issued, whichever is more clearly evident.

Fixed assets retired from active use and held for sale are stated at the lower of their net book value and net realisable value and are disclosed separately in the Balance Sheet.

Capital work-in-progress:

Projects under which assets are not ready for their intended use and other capital work-in-progress are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.

A.10 Intangible assets

Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of an intangible asset comprises its purchase price, including any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the taxing authorities), and any

directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its intended use and net of any trade discounts and rebates. Subsequent expenditure on an intangible asset after its purchase / completion is recognised as an expense when incurred unless it is probable that such expenditure will enable the asset to generate future economic benefits in excess of its originally assessed standards of performance and such expenditure can be measured and attributed to the asset reliably, in which case such expenditure is added to the cost of the asset.

A.11 Foreign currency transactions and translations Initial recognition

Transactions in foreign currencies entered into by the Company and its integral foreign operations are accounted at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction or at rates that closely approximate the rate at the date of the transaction.

Measurement of foreign currency monetary items at the Balance Sheet date

"Foreign currency monetary items (other than derivative contracts) of the Company and its net investment in non-integral foreign operations outstanding at the Balance Sheet date are restated at the year-end rates.In the case of integral operations, assets and liabilities (other than non-monetary items), are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on the Balance Sheet date. Non-monetary items are carried at historical cost. Revenue and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates prevailing during the year. Exchange differences arising out of these translations are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss."

Treatment of exchange differences

"Exchange differences arising on settlement / restatement of short-term foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities of the Company and its integral foreign operations are recognised as income or expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The exchange differences on restatement / settlement of loans to non-integral foreign operations that are considered as net investment in such operations are accumulated in a "Foreign currency translation reserve" until disposal / recovery of the net investment.The exchange differences arising on restatement / settlement of long-term foreign currency monetary items are capitalised as part of the depreciable fixed assets to which the monetary item relates and depreciated over the remaining useful life of such assets or amortised on settlement / over the maturity period of such items if such items do not relate to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets. The unamortised balance is carried in the

Balance Sheet as "Foreign currency monetary item translation difference account" net of the tax effect thereon.

Accounting of forward contracts

Premium / discount on forward exchange contracts, which are not intended for trading or speculation purposes, are amortised over the period of the contracts if such contracts relate to monetary items as at the Balance Sheet date. Refer Notes 2.26 and 2.27 for accounting for forward exchange contracts relating to firm commitments and highly probable forecast transactions."

A.12 Government grants, subsidies and export incentives

Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants / subsidy will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire capital assets are presented by deducting them from the carrying value of the assets. The grant is recognised as income over the life of a depreciable asset by way of a reduced depreciation charge.

Export benefits are accounted for in the year of exports based on eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.

"Government grants in the nature of promoters'' contribution like investment subsidy, where no repayment is ordinarily expected in respect thereof, are treated as capital reserve. Government grants in the form of non-monetary assets, given at a concessional rate, are recorded on the basis of their acquisition cost. In case the non-monetary asset is given free of cost, the grant is recorded at a nominal value.Other government grants and subsidies are recognised as income over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are intended to compensate, on a systematic basis.

A.13 Investments

Long-term investments (excluding investment properties), are carried individually at cost less provision for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are carried individually, at the lower of cost and fair value. Cost of investments include acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties. Investment properties are carried individually at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any. Investment properties are capitalised and depreciated (where applicable) in accordance with the policy stated for Tangible

Fixed Assets. Impairment of investment property is determined in accordance with the policy stated for Impairment of Assets."

A.14 Employee benefits

Employee benefits include provident fund, gratuity fund, compensated absences, long service awards and post-employment medical benefits.

Defined contribution plans

The Company''s contribution to provident fund is considered as defined contribution plans and are charged as an expense as they fall due based on the amount of contribution required to be made.

Defined benefit plans

For defined benefit plans in the form of gratuity fund and post-employment medical benefits, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognised immediately to the extent that the benefits are already vested and otherwise is amortised on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested. The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognised past service cost, as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to past service cost, plus the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the schemes.

Short-term employee benefits

"The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognised during the year when the employees render the service. These benefits include performance incentive and compensated absences which are expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service. The cost of such compensated absences is accounted as under :(a) in case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees render the services that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and(b) in case of non-accumulating compensated absences, when the absences occur."

Long-term employee benefits

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related

service are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation as at the Balance Sheet date less the fair value of the plan assets out of which the obligations are expected to be settled. Long Service Awards are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation as at the Balance Sheet date.

A.15 Employee share based payments

The Company has formulated Employee Stock Option Schemes (ESOS) in accordance with the SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999. The Schemes provide for grant of options to employees of the Company and its subsidiaries to acquire equity shares of the Company that vest in a graded manner and that are to be exercised within a specified period. In accordance with the SEBI Guidelines; the excess, if any, of the closing market price on the day prior to the grant of the options under ESOS over the exercise price is amortised on a straight-line basis over the vesting period.

A.16 Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs include interest, amortisation of ancillary costs incurred and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost. Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the extent not directly related to the acquisition of qualifying assets are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the tenure of the loan. Borrowing costs, allocated to and utilised for qualifying assets, pertaining to the period from commencement of activities relating to construction / development of the qualifying asset upto the date of capitalisation of such asset is added to the cost of the assets. Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted.

A.17 Segment reporting

The Company identifies primary segments based on the dominant source, nature of risks and returns and the internal organisation and management structure. The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information is available and for which operating profit/loss amounts are evaluated regularly by the executive Management in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment.

Inter-segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors.

Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis have been included under "unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities".

A.18 Leases

"Where the Company as a lessor leases assets under finance leases, such amounts are recognised as receivables at an amount equal to the net investment in the lease and the finance income is recognised based on a constant rate of return on the outstanding net investment.Assets leased by the Company in its capacity as lessee where substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership vest in the Company are classified as finance leases. Such leases are capitalised at the inception of the lease at the lower of the fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payments and a liability is created for an equivalent amount. Each lease rental paid is allocated between the liability and the interest cost so as to obtain a constant periodic rate of interest on the outstanding liability for each year.Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an asset substantially vest with the lessor are recognised as operating leases. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis."

A.19 Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to expense or income relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease the net profit per share from continuing ordinary operations. Potential dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable had the shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e. average market value of the outstanding shares). Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each

period presented. The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted for share splits / reverse share splits and bonus shares, as appropriate.

A.20 Taxes on income

"Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961

Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax laws, which gives future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to future income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax. Accordingly, MAT is recognised as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it is probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company

Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences, being the differences between the taxable income and the accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantially enacted as at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all timing differences. Deferred tax assets in respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses are recognised only if there is virtual certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income available to realise such assets. Deferred tax assets are recognised for timing differences of other items only to the extent that reasonable certainty exists that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which these can be realised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if such items relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing tax laws and the Company has a legally enforceable right for such set off. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date for their realisability. " Current and deferred tax relating to items directly recognised in equity and not in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

A.21 Research and development expenses

Revenue expenditure pertaining to research is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are also charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss unless a product''s technological feasibility has been established, in which case such expenditure is capitalised. The amount capitalised comprises expenditure that can be directly attributed or allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis to creating, producing and making the asset ready for its intended use. Fixed

assets utilised for research and development are capitalised and depreciated in accordance with the policies stated for Tangible Fixed Assets and Intangible Assets.

A.22 Joint venture operations

The accounts of the Company reflect its share of the Assets, Liabilities, Income and Expenditure of the Joint Venture Operations which are accounted on the basis of the audited accounts of the Joint Ventures on line-by-line basis with similar items in the Company''s accounts to the extent of the participating interest of the Company as per the Joint Venture Agreements.

A.23 Impairment of assets

The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance Sheet date are reviewed for impairment. If any indication of impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated and impairment is recognised, if the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in earlier accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss, except in case of revalued assets.

A.24 Provisions and contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the Notes.


Mar 31, 2013

A.1 Basis of accounting and preparation of financial statements

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical cost convention. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the previous year.

A.2 Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognised in the periods in which the results are known / materialise.

cropetal Technologies Limited

A.3 Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (on FIFO / weighted average basis) and the net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to the point of sale, including octroi and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, excise duty.

A.4 Cash and cash equivalents (for purposes of Cash Flow Statement)

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short-term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.

A.5 Cash flow statement

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit / (loss) before extraordinary items and tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.

A.6 Depreciation and amortisation

Depreciation and ammortisation have been provided on straight line value and on written down value respectively at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of Companies Act, 1956.

A.7 Revenue recognition

Sale of goods

Sales are recognised, net of returns and trade discounts, on transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer, which generally coincides with the delivery of goods to customers. Sales include excise duty but exclude sales tax and value added tax.

Income from services

"Revenues from contracts priced on a time and material basis are recognised when services are rendered and related costs are incurred.

Revenues from turnkey contracts, which are generally time bound fixed price contracts, are recognised over the life of the contract using the proportionate completion method, with contract costs determining the degree of completion. Foreseeable losses on such contracts are recognised when probable.

Revenues from maintenance contracts are recognised pro-rata over the period of the contract."

A.8 Other income

Interest income is accounted on accrual basis. Dividend income is accounted for when the right to receive it is established.

A.9 Tangible fixed assets

"Fixed assets, are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of fixed assets includes interest on borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying fixed assets up to the date the asset is ready for its intended use and other incidental expenses incurred up to that date. Exchange differences arising on restatement / settlement of long-term foreign currency borrowings relating to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets are adjusted to the cost of the respective assets and depreciated over the remaining useful life of such assets. Machinery spares which can be used only in connection with an item of fixed asset and whose use is expected to be irregular are capitalised and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of the relevant assets. Subsequent expenditure relating to fixed assets is capitalised only if such expenditure results in an increase in the future benefits from such asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.Fixed assets acquired and put to use for project purpose are capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in the project cost till commissioning of the project."

Fixed assets acquired in full or part exchange for another asset are recorded at the fair market value or the net book value of the asset given up, adjusted for any balancing cash consideration. Fair market value is determined either for the assets acquired or asset given up, whichever is more clearly evident. Fixed assets acquired in exchange for securities of the Company are recorded at the fair market value of the assets or the fair market value of the securities issued, whichever is more clearly evident.

Fixed assets retired from active use and held for sale are stated at the lower of their net book value and net realisable value and are disclosed separately in the Balance Sheet.

Capital work-in-progress:

Projects under which assets are not ready for their intended use and other capital work-in-progress are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.

A.10 Intangible assets

Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of an intangible asset comprises its purchase price, including any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the taxing authorities), and any directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its intended use and net of any trade discounts and rebates. Subsequent expenditure on an intangible asset after its purchase / completion is recognised as an expense when incurred unless it is probable that such expenditure will enable the asset to generate future economic benefits in excess of its originally assessed standards of performance and such expenditure can be measured and attributed to the asset reliably, in which case such expenditure is added to the cost of the asset.

A.11 Foreign currency transactions and translations

Initial recognition

Transactions in foreign currencies entered into by the Company and its integral foreign operations are accounted at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction or at rates that closely approximate the rate at the date of the transaction.

Measurement of foreign currency monetary items at the Balance Sheet date "Foreign currency monetary items (other than derivative contracts) of the Company and its net investment in non-integral foreign operations outstanding at the Balance Sheet date are restated at the year-end rates.In the case of integral operations, assets and liabilities (other than non-monetary items), are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on the Balance Sheet date. Non-monetary items are carried at historical cost. Revenue and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates prevailing during the year. Exchange differences arising out of these translations are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss."

"Exchange differences arising on settlement / restatement of short-term foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities of the Company and its integral foreign operations are recognised as income or expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The exchange differences on restatement / settlement of loans to non-integral foreign operations that are considered as net investment in such operations are accumulated in a "Foreign currency translation reserve" until disposal / recovery of the net investment.The exchange differences arising on restatement / settlement of long-term foreign currency monetary items are capitalised as part of the depreciable fixed assets to which the monetary item relates and depreciated over the remaining useful life of such assets or amortised on settlement / over the maturity period of such items if such items do not relate to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets. The unamortised balance is carried in the Balance Sheet as ''Foreign currency monetary item translation difference account'' net of the tax effect thereon.

Accounting of forward contracts

Premium / discount on forward exchange contracts, which are not intended for trading or speculation purposes, are amortised over the period of the contracts if such contracts relate to monetary items as at the Balance Sheet date. Refer Notes 2.26 and 2.27 for accounting for forward exchange contracts relating to firm commitments and highly probable forecast transactions.''

A.12 Government grants, subsidies and export incentives

Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants / subsidy will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire capital assets are presented by deducting them from the carrying value of the assets. The grant is recognised as income over the life of a depreciable asset by way of a reduced depreciation charge.

Export benefits are accounted for in the year of exports based on eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same. "Government grants in the nature of promoters'' contribution like investment subsidy, where no repayment is ordinarily expected in respect Petal Technologies Limited thereof, are treated as capital reserve. Government grants in the form of non-monetary assets, given at a concessional rate, are recorded on the basis of their acquisition cost. In case the non-monetary asset is given free of cost, the grant is recorded at a nominal value.Other government grants and subsidies are recognised as income over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are intended to compensate, on a systematic basis.

A.13 Investments

Long-term investments (excluding investment properties), are carried individually at cost less provision for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are carried individually, at the lower of cost and fair value. Cost of investments include acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties. Investment properties are carried individually at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any. Investment properties are capitalised and depreciated (where applicable) in accordance with the policy stated for Tangible Fixed Assets. Impairment of investment property is determined in accordance with the policy stated for Impairment of Assets."

A.14 Employee benefits

Employee benefits include provident fund, gratuity fund, compensated absences, long service awards and post-employment medical benefits.

Defined contribution plans The Company''s contribution to provident fund is considered as defined contribution plans and are charged as an expense as they fall due based on the amount of contribution required to be made.

Defined benefit plans

For defined benefit plans in the form of gratuity fund and post-employment medical benefits, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognised immediately to the extent that the benefits are already vested and otherwise is amortised on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested. The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognised past service cost, as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to past service cost, plus the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the schemes.

Short-term employee benefits "The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognised during the year when the employees render the service. These benefits include performance incentive and compensated absences which are expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service. The cost of such compensated absences is accounted as under :(a) in case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees render the services that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and(b) in case of non-accumulating compensated absences, when the absences occur." Long-term employee benefits Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation as at the Balance Sheet date less the fair value of the plan assets out of which the obligations are expected to be settled. Long Service Awards are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation as at the Balance Sheet date.

A.15 Employee share based payments

The Company has formulated Employee Stock Option Schemes (ESOS) in accordance with the SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999. The Schemes provide for grant of options to employees of the Company and its subsidiaries to acquire equity shares of the Company that vest in a graded manner and that are to be exercised within a specified period. In accordance with the SEBI Guidelines; the excess, if any, of the closing market price on the day prior to the grant of the options under ESOS over the exercise price is amortised on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. [OR] The Company has constituted an Employee Stock Option Plan - XXXX. Employee Stock Options granted on or after 1 April, 2005 are accounted under the ''Intrinsic Value Method’ stated in the Guidance Note on Employee Share Based Payments issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.

A.16 Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs include interest, amortisation of ancillary costs incurred and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost. Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the extent not directly related to the acquisition of qualifying assets are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the tenure of the loan. Borrowing costs, allocated to and utilised for qualifying assets, pertaining to the period from commencement of activities relating to construction / development of the qualifying asset upto the date of capitalisation of such asset is added to the cost of the assets. Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted.

A.17 Segment reporting

The Company identifies primary segments based on the dominant source, nature of risks and returns and the internal organisation and management structure. The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information is available and for which operating profit/loss amounts are evaluated regularly by the executive Management in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment.

Inter-segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors.

Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis have been included under ''unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities''.

A.18 Leases

"Where the Company as a lessor leases assets under finance leases, such amounts are recognised as receivables at an amount equal to the net investment in the lease and the finance income is recognised based on a constant rate of return on the outstanding net investment.Assets leased by the Company in its capacity as lessee where substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership vest in the Company are classified as finance leases. Such leases are capitalised at the inception of the lease at the lower of the fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payments and a liability is created for an equivalent amount. Each lease rental paid is allocated between the liability and the interest cost so as to obtain a constant periodic rate of interest on the outstanding liability for each year.Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an asset substantially vest with the lessor are recognised as operating leases. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis."

A.19 Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to expense or income relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease the net profit per share from continuing ordinary operations. Potential dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable had the shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e. average market value of the outstanding shares). Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each period presented. The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted for share splits / reverse share splits and bonus shares, as appropriate.

A.20 Taxes on income

"Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 tal Technologies Limited

Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax laws, which gives future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to future income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax. Accordingly, MAT is recognised as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it is probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company

Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences, being the differences between the taxable income and the accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantially enacted as at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all timing differences. Deferred tax assets in respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses are recognised only if there is virtual certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income available to realise such assets. Deferred tax assets are recognised for timing differences of other items only to the extent that reasonable certainty exists that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which these can be realised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if such items relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing tax laws and the Company has a legally enforceable right for such set off. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date for their realisability. " Current and deferred tax relating to items directly recognised in equity and not in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

A.21 Research and development expenses

Revenue expenditure pertaining to research is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are also charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss unless a product’s technological feasibility has been established, in which case such expenditure is capitalised. The amount capitalised comprises expenditure that can be directly attributed or allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis to creating, producing and making the asset ready for its intended use. Fixed assets utilised for research and development are capitalised and depreciated in accordance with the policies stated for Tangible Fixed Assets and Intangible Assets.

A.22 Joint venture operations

The accounts of the Company reflect its share of the Assets, Liabilities, Income and Expenditure of the Joint Venture Operations hich are accounted on the basis of the audited accounts of the Joint Ventures on line-by-line basis with similar items in the Company’s accounts to the extent of the participating interest of the Company as per the Joint Venture Agreements.

A.23 Impairment of assets

The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance Sheet date are reviewed for impairment. If any indication of impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated and impairment is recognised, if the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in earlier accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss, except in case of revalued assets.

A.24 Provisions and contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the Notes.

A.25 Provision for warranty

The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when products are sold. These estimates are established using historical information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidence based on corrective actions on product failures. The timing of outflows will vary as and when warranty claim will arise - being typically upto three years.

As per the terms of the contracts, the Company provides post-contract services / warranty support to some of its customers. The Company accounts for the post-contract support / provision for warranty on the basis of the information available with the Management duly taking into account the current and past technical estimates.

A.26 Share issues expenses

Share issue expenses and redemption premium are adjusted against the Securities Premium Account as permissible under Section 78(2) of the Companies Act, 1956, to the extent balance is available for utilisation in the Securities Premium Account. The balance of share issue expenses is carried as an asset and is amortised over a period of 5 years from the date of the issue of shares.

A.27 Insurance claims

Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted / expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

A.28 Service tax input credit

Service tax input credit is accounted for in the books in the period in which the underlying service received is accounted and when there is no uncertainty in availing / utilising the credits.


Mar 31, 2012

1 Basis of accounting and preparation of financial statements

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical cost convention. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the previous year.

2 Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognised in the periods in which the results are known/ materialise.

3 Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (on FIFO / weighted average basis) and the net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to the point of sale, including octroi and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, excise duty.

4 Cash and cash equivalents (for purposes of Cash Flow Statement)

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short-term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known

amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.

5 Cash flow statement

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit / (loss) before extraordinary items and tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.

6 Depreciation and amortisation

Depreciation and ammortisation have been provided on written down value at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of Companies Act, 1956.

7 Revenue recognition

Sale of goods

Sales are recognised, net of returns and trade discounts, on transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer, which generally coincides with the delivery of goods to customers. Sales include excise duty but exclude sales tax and value added

Income from services

Revenues from contracts priced on a timeand material basis are recognised when services are rendered and related costs are incurred. Revenues from turnkey contracts, which are generally time bound fixed price contracts, are recognised over the life of the contract using the proportionate completion method, with contract costs determining the degree of completion. Foreseeable losses on such contracts are recognised when probable. Revenues from maintenance contracts are recognised pro-rata over the period of the contract.

8 Other income

Interest income is accounted on accrual basis. Dividend income is accounted for when the right to receive it is established.

9 Tangible fixed assets

Fixed assets, are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of fixed assets includes interest on borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying fixed assets up to the date the asset is ready for its intended use and other incidental expenses incurred up to that date. Exchange differences arising on restatement / settlement of long-term foreign currency borrowings relating to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets are adjusted to the cost of the respective assets and depreciated over the remaining useful life of such assets. Machinery spares which can be used only in connection with an item of fixed asset and whose use is expected to be irregular are capitalised and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of the relevant assets. Subsequent expenditure relating to fixed assets is capitalised only if such expenditure results in an increase in the future benefits from such asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance. Fixed assets acquired and put to use for project purpose are capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in the project cost till commissioning of the project.

Fixed assets acquired in full or part exchange for another asset are recorded at the fair market value or the net book value of the asset given up, adjusted for any balancing cash consideration. Fair market value is determined either for the assets acquired or asset given up, whichever is more clearly evident. Fixed assets acquired in exchange for securities of the Company are recorded at the fair market value of the assets or the fair market value of the securities issued, whichever is more clearly evident.

Fixed assets retired from active use and held for sale are stated at the lower of their net book value and net realisable value and are disclosed separately in the Balance Sheet.

Capital work-in-progress:

Projects under which assets are not ready for their intended use and other capital work- in-progress are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.

10 Intangible assets

Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of an intangible asset comprises its purchase price, including any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the taxing authorities), and any directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its intended use and net of any trade discounts and rebates. Subsequent expenditure on an intangible asset after its purchase / completion is recognised as an expense when incurred unless it is probable that such expenditure will enable the asset to generate future economic benefits in excess of its originally assessed standards of performance and such expenditure can be measured and attributed to the asset reliably, in which case such expenditure is added to the cost of the asset.

11 Foreign currency transactions and translations

Initial recognition

Transactions in foreign currencies entered into by the Company and its integral foreign operations are accounted at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction or at rates that closely approximate the rate at the date of the transaction.

Measurement of foreign currency monetary items at the Balance Sheet date Foreign currency monetary items (other than derivative contracts) of the Company and its net investment in non-integral foreign operations outstanding at the Balance Sheet date are restated at the year-end rates.

In the case of integral operations, assets and liabilities (other than non-monetary items), are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on the Balance Sheet date. Non- monetary items are carried at historical cost. Revenue and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates prevailing during the year. Exchange differences arising out of these translations are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Treatment of exchange differences

Exchange differences arising on settlement/restatement of short-term foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities of the Company and its integral foreign operations are recognised as income or expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The exchange differences on restatement/settlement of loans to non-integral foreign operations that are considered as net investment in such operations are accumulated in a "Foreign currency translation reserve" until disposal / recovery of the net investment.

The exchange differences arising on restatement / settlement of long-term foreign currency monetary items are capitalised as part of the depreciable fixed assets to which the monetary item relates and depreciated over the remaining useful life of such assets or amortised on settlement / over the maturity period of such items if such items do not relate to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets. The unamortised balance is carried in the Balance Sheet as "Foreign currency monetary item translation difference account" net of the tax effect thereon.

Accounting of forward contracts

Premium / discount on forward exchange contracts, which are not intended for trading or speculation purposes, are amortised over the period of the contracts if such contracts relate to monetary items as at the Balance Sheet date.

12 Government grants, subsidies and export incentives

Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants/ subsidy will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire capital assets are presented by deducting them from the carrying value of the assets. The grant is recognised as income over the life of a depreciable asset by way of a reduced depreciation charge. Export benefits are accounted for in the year of exports based on eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.

Government grants in the nature of promoters' contribution like investment subsidy, where no repayment is ordinarily expected in respect thereof, are treated as capital reserve. Government grants in the form of non-monetary assets, given at a concessional rate, are recorded on the basis of their acquisition cost. In case the non-monetary asset is given free of cost, the grant is recorded at a nominal value.

Other government grants and subsidies are recognised as income over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are intended to compensate, on a systematic basis.

13 Investments

Long-term investments (excluding investment properties), are carried individually at cost less provision for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are carried individually, at the lower of cost and fair value. Cost of investments include acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties.

Investment properties are carried individually at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any. Investment properties are capitalised and depreciated (where applicable) in accordance with the policy stated for Tangible Fixed Assets. Impairment of investment property is determined in accordance with the policy stated for Impairment of Assets.

14 Employee benefits

Employee benefits include provident fund, superannuation fund, gratuity fund, compensated absences, long service awards and post-employment medical benefits.

Defined contribution plans

The Company's contribution to provident fund and superannuation fund are considered as defined contribution plans and are charged as an expense as they fall due based on the amount of contribution required to be made.

Defined benefit plans

For defined benefit plans in the form of gratuity fund and post-employment medical benefits, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognised immediately to the extent that the benefits are already vested and otherwise is amortised on a straight- line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested. The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognised past service cost, as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to past service cost, plus the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the schemes.

Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognised during the year when the employees render the service. These benefits include performance incentive and compensated absences which are expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service. The cost of such compensated absences is accounted as under:

(a) in case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees render the services that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and

(b) in case of non-accumulating compensated absences, when the absences occur.

Long-term employee benefits

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation as at the Balance Sheet date less the fair value of the plan assets out of which the obligations are expected to be settled. Long Service Awards are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation as at the Balance Sheet date.

15 Employee share based payments

The Employee Stock Option Schemes (ESOS) are to be formulated in accordance with the SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999. The Schemes provide for grant of options to employees of the Company and its subsidiaries to acquire equity shares of the Company that vest in a graded manner and that are to be exercised within a specified period. In accordance with the SEBI Guidelines; the excess, if any, of the closing market price on the day prior to the grant of the options under ESOS over the exercise price is amortised on a

straight-line basis over the vesting period.

16 Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs include interest, amortisation of ancillary costs incurred and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost. Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the extent not directly related to the acquisition of qualifying assets are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the tenure of the loan. Borrowing costs, allocated to and utilised for qualifying assets, pertaining to the period from commencement of activities relating to construction / development of the qualifying asset upto the date of capitalisation of such asset is added to the cost of the assets. Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted.

17 Segment reporting

The Company identifies primary segments based on the dominant source, nature of risks and returns and the internal organisation and management structure. The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information is available and for which operating profit/loss amounts are evaluated regularly by the executive Management in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter-segment revenue is accounted on the basisof transactions which are primarilydetermined based on market/fairvaluefactors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis have been included under "unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities".

18 Leases

Where the Company as a lessor leases assets under finance leases, such amounts are recognised as receivables at an amount equal to the net investment in the lease and the finance income is recognised based on a constant rate of return on the outstanding net investment.

Assets leased by the Company in its capacity as lessee where substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership vest in the Company are classified as finance leases. Such leases are capitalised at the inception of the lease at the lower of the fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payments and a liability is created for an equivalent amount. Each lease rental paid is allocated between the liability and the interest cost so as to obtain a constant periodic rate of interest on the outstanding liability for each year.

Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an asset substantially vest with the lessor are recognised as operating leases. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis."

19 Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to expense or income relatingtothedi I utive potential equity shares, bythe weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease the net profit per share from continuing ordinary operations. Potential dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable had the shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e. average market value of the outstanding shares). Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each period presented. The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted for share splits / reverse share splits and bonus shares, as appropriate.

20 Taxes on income

Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax laws, which gives future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to future income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax. Accordingly, MAT is recognised as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it is probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company.

Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences, being the differences between the taxable income and the accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantially enacted as at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all timing differences. Deferred tax assets in respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses are recognised only if there is virtual certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income available to realise such assets. Deferred tax assets are recognised for timing differences of other items only to the extent that reasonable certainty exists that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which these can be realised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if such items relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing tax laws and the Company has a legally enforceable right for such set off. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date for their realisabiIity. "

Current and deferred tax relating to items directly recognised in equity are recognised in equity and not in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

21 Research and development expenses

Revenue expenditure pertaining to research is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are also charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss unless a product's technological feasibility has been established, in which case such expenditure is capitalised. The amount capitalised comprises expenditure that can be directly attributed or allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis to creating, producing and making the asset ready for its intended use. Fixed assets utilised for research and development are capitalised and depreciated in accordance with the policies stated for Tangible Fixed Assets and Intangible Assets.

22 Joint venture operations

The accounts of the Company reflect its share of the Assets, Liabilities, Income and Expenditure of the Joint Venture Operations which are accounted on the basis of the audited accounts of the Joint Ventures on line-by-line basis with similar items in the Company's accounts to the extent of the participating interest of the Company as per the Joint Venture Agreements.

23 Impairment of assets

The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance Sheet date are reviewed for impairment. If any indication of impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated and impairment is recognised, if the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in earlier accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss, except in case of revalued assets.

24 Provisions and contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the Notes.

25 Provision for warranty

The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when products are sold. These estimates are established using historical information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidence based on corrective actions on product failures. The timing of outflows will vary as and when warranty claim will arise - being typically upto three years.

As per the terms of the contracts, the Company provides post-contract services / warranty support to some of its customers. The Company accounts for the post- contract support / provision for warranty on the basis of the information available with the Management duly taking into account the current and past technical estimates.

26 Share issues expenses

Share issue expenses and redemption premium are adjusted against the Securities Premium Account as permissible under Section 78(2) of the Companies Act, 1956, to the extent balance is available for utilisation in the Securities Premium Account. The balance of share issue expenses is carried as an asset and is amortised over a period of 5 years from the date of the issue of shares.

27 Service tax input credit

Service tax input credit is accounted for in the books in the period in which the underlying service received is accounted and when there is no uncertainty in availing/ utilising the credits.

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