Mar 31, 2023
(i) The Company follows the mercantile system of accounting and recognises income and expenditure on an accrual basis
except in case of significant uncertainties. This note provides a list of the significant accounting policies adopted in the
preparation of these financial statements. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless
otherwise stated.
(ii) Estimates, judgements and assumptions used in the preparation of these financial statements and disclosures made
therein are based upon Management''s evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as of the date of the financial
statements, which may differ from the actual results at a subsequent date. The following are items which are more likely to
be materially adjusted due to estimates and assumptions turning out to be different than those originally assessed.
Detailed information about each of these estimates and judgments is included in relevant notes together with information
about basis of calculation for each affected line item in the financial statement.
(a) Provision for warranty claims
(b) Valuation of employee benefits
(c) Provision for tax expenses
(d) Provision for expected credit loss
(e) Provision for after sales activities
Estimates and judgments are regularly revisited. Estimates are based on historical experience and other factors, including
futuristic reasonable information that may have a financial impact on the company.
(i) Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Amounts disclosed as revenue is
presented exclusive of Goods & Services tax. The Company recognises revenue when the amount of revenue can be
reliably measured and it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the Company.
(ii) Domestic sales are accounted for on dispatch from the point of sale corresponding to transfer of significant risks and
rewards of ownership to the buyer. The nature of contracts of the Company are such that no material part performance
obligations would remain unfulfilled at the end of any accounting period.
(iii) Export sales are recognised on the date of the shipped on board signifying transfer of risks and rewards of ownership to
the buyer as per terms of sale and initially recorded at the relevant exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.
The Company earns revenue primarily from sale of automotive vehicles, parts and accessories.
Payment for the sale is made as per the credit terms in the agreements with the customers. The credit period is generally
short term, thus there is no significant financing component.
The Company''s contracts with customers do not provide for any right to returns, refunds or similar obligations. The nature
of contracts of the Company are such that no material part performance obligations would remain unfulfilled at the end of
any accounting period
The Company provides warranties for general repairs of defects as per terms of the contract with ultimate customers.
These warranties are considered as assurance type warranties and are accounted for under Ind AS 37- Provisions,
Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets Refer Note 34.
Revenue is recognised when the performance obligations are satisfied and the control of the product is transferred, being
when the goods are delivered as per the relevant terms of the contract at which point in time the Company has a right to
payment for the goods, customer has possession and legal title to the asset, customer bears significant risk and rewards
of ownership and the customer has accepted the asset or the Company has objective evidence that all criteria for
acceptance have been satisfied.
The Company, on behalf of its customers (dealers and distributors), dispatch the goods to agreed locations for an agreed
fee. The Company has determined that the performance obligation of the Company is to arrange for those goods and
services (Company is an agent) to the dealers and hence the amount charged to the customer offset by freight charges paid
to the freight service providers is shown as revenue and disclosed as other operating income or other operating expenses,
depending upon the results of the offsetting.
(B) Export Incentives
Export incentives are accounted for on export of goods if the entitlements can be estimated with reasonable accuracy and
conditions precedent to claim are reasonably expected to be fulfilled.
The Company recognises income (including rent etc.) on accrual basis. However, where the ultimate collection of the same
lacks reasonable certainty, revenue recognition is postponed to the extent of uncertainty.
(I) Capital work in process, Property, plant and equipment except land are carried at historical cost of acquisition,
construction or manufacturing cost, as the case may be, less accumulated depreciation and impairment thereon if any.
Freehold land is carried at cost of acquisition. Cost represents all expenses directly attributable to bringing the asset to its
working condition capable of operating in the manner intended.
(ii) Costs incurred to manufacture property, plant and equipment and intangible are charged to particular property plant &
equipment. Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as
appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and
the cost of the item can be measured reliably.
(iii) Land and buildings acquired/constructed, not intended to be used in the operations of the Company and held for earning
long-term rental yields or for capital appreciation or both, and that is not occupied by the Company, are categorised as
investment property.
(iv) Other Expenses incurred relating to project, net of income earned during the project development stage prior to its
intended use, are considered as pre-operative expenses and disclosed under Capital Work-in-Progress.
(v) Assets in the course of construction are capitalised in the assets under construction account. At the point when an asset is
operating at management''s intended use, the cost of construction is transferred to the appropriate category of property,
plant and equipment and depreciation commences. Costs associated with the commissioning of an asset are capitalised
where the asset is available for use.
(vi) Depreciation and Amortisation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value
On Tangible Assets
(a) Depreciation is provided on a pro rata basis on the straight line method to allocate the cost, net of residual value over the
estimated useful lives of the assets.
(b) Useful life of assets are determined by the Management by internal technical assessments and such useful life is in
conformity with Schedule - II of companies act. Depreciation on additions is being provided on pro rata basis from the
month of such additions.
(c) Depreciation on assets sold, discarded or demolished during the year is being provided up to the month in which such
assets are sold, discarded or demolished.
The property taken under operating lease is depreciated over the lease term if there is no reasonable certainty that the
Company will obtain ownership at the end of the lease term.
Assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not
be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset''s carrying amount exceeds its
recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s fair value less cost of disposal and value in use.
For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately
identifiable cash inflows which are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets (cash
generating units).
Product Development Cost incurred on new vehicles platforms, variants on existing platforms and new vehicles
aggregates are recognized as intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. These amounts are amortized over
sixty months from the commencement of commercial production.
Expenses incurred for implementation of SAP are recognized as intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. The
amounts are amortized over sixty months from the implementation of SAP.
Property that is held for long-term rental yields or for capital appreciation or both, and that is not occupied by the Company,
is classified as investment property. Investment property is measured initially at its cost, including related transaction
costs. Subsequent expenditure is capitalised to the asset''s carrying amount only when it is probable that future economic
benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All
other repairs and maintenance costs are expensed when incurred.
Depreciation on investment property is provided on a pro rata basis on straight line method over the estimated useful lives.
Useful life of assets, as assessed by the Management, corresponds to those prescribed in Part ''C'' Schedule II of companies
act.
The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:
* Those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss),
and those measured at amortised cost.
* The classification is done depending upon the Company''s business model for managing the financial assets and the
contractual terms of the cash flows. For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will be recorded in profit or loss.
At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value.
Fair value through Profit or Loss: Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost, are measured at fair value
through profit or loss e.g. investments in mutual funds.
(iii) Impairment of Financial Assets
The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at
amortised cost. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit
risk and if so, assess the need to provide for the same in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(iv) Derecognition of Financial Assets
A financial asset is derecognised only when Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial
asset. Where the entity has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks
and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised.
(v) Income Recognition
Company recognises dividend in the statement of profit & loss only when the right to receive payment is established, it is
probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the company and the amount of the dividend
can be measured reliably.
Interest income from fixed deposits, corporate guarantee and from dealers overdue are recognised using the effective
interest rate method. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through
the expected life of the financial asset to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset. When calculating the effective
interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial
instrument but does not consider the expected credit losses.
(i) Classification as Debt or Equity
Debt and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified either as financial liabilities or as equity in accordance
with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definition of a financial liability and an equity instrument.
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its
liabilities.
(ii) Initial Recognition and Measurement
All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of
directly attributable transaction costs.The Company''s financial liabilities include trade and other payables.
(iii) Subsequent Measurement
The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:
Trade and Other Payable
These amounts represent obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of
business from suppliers. These payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less
otherwise they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade and payables are subsequently measured at amortised
cost using the effective interest rate method.
Liability is removed from the balance sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or
expired. The difference between the carrying amount of a financial liability that has been extinguished or transferred to
another party and the consideration paid, including any non-cash assets transferred or liabilities assumed, is recognised
in profit or loss as other gains/ (losses).
When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the
terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of
the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in
the statement of profit or loss.
Liability is classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability
for at least 12 months after the reporting period. Where there is a breach of a material provision of a long-term loan
arrangement on or before the end of the reporting period with the effect that the liability becomes payable on demand on
the reporting date, the entity does not classify the liability as current, if the lender agreed, after the reporting period and
before the approval of the financial statements for issue, not to demand payment as a consequence of the breach.
(i) Items included in the financial statements are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which
the Company operates (''the functional currency''). The financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (''), which is
Company''s functional and presentation currency.
(ii) On initial recognition, all foreign currency transactions are recorded at foreign exchange rate on the date of transaction.
(iii) Monetary items of current assets and liabilities in foreign currency outstanding at the close of financial year are revalued
at the appropriate exchange rates prevailing at the close of the year.
(iv) The gain or loss on decrease/increase in reporting currency due to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, in case of
monetary current assets and liabilities in foreign currency, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Cost of inventories have been computed to include all costs of purchases (including materials), cost of conversion and
other costs incurred, as the case may be, in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.
(i) Finished stocks of vehicles are valued at cost of manufacturing or net realisable value whichever is lower.
(ii) Raw materials, Stores, Packing Materials, tools and components are valued at cost arrived at on simple average basis or
net realisable value, whichever is lower, as circumstances demand. However, obsolete and slow moving items are valued
at cost or estimated realisable value whichever is lower.
(iii) Goods in transit are stated at actual cost incurred up to the date of Balance Sheet. Net realisable value is the estimated
selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to
make the sale.
Research & Development expenditure is charged to revenue under the natural heads of account in the year in which it is
incurred. Expenditure on development which does not meet the criteria for recognition as an intangible asset is recognized
as an expense when it is incurred.
Provision for tax is made for the current accounting period (reporting period) on the basis of the taxable profits computed
in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 and the Income Computation and Disclosure Standards prescribed therein.
The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the
reporting date.
Deferred taxes are recognised for all deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses only if it is probable that
future taxable amounts will be available to utilise those temporary differences.
Current and deferred tax is recognised in profit or loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other
comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income or
directly in equity, respectively.
Mar 31, 2018
Background
Atul Auto Ltd (the company) is a public company domiciled in India, incorporated on June 18, 1986. Its shares are listed on two stock exchanges in India - BSE Limited (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE). The Company manufactures and sales Auto rickshaws in domestic and overseas market.
1. FIRST TIME ADOPTION OF IND AS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES FOLLOWED BY THE COMPANY 1.1 Basis of preparation
These financial statements comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the Act) [the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015] and other relevant provisions of the Act.
The financial statements up to year ended March 31, 2017 were prepared in accordance with the Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and other relevant provisions of the Act.
These financial statements are the first financial statements of the Company under Ind AS. Refer note 1.2 for an explanation of how the transition from previous GAAP to Ind AS has affected the Companyâs financial position, financial performance and cash flows.
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Companyâs normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III (Division II) to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current or non-current classification of assets and liabilities.
1.2 First-time adoption of Ind AS Transition to Ind AS
These are the Company''s first standalone financial statements prepared in accordance with Ind AS.
The accounting policies set out in note 1.3 have been applied in preparing the financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2018, the comparative information presented in these financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2017 and in the preparation of an opening Ind AS Balance Sheet at April 01, 2016 (the Companyâs date of transition). In preparing its opening Ind AS Balance Sheet, the Company has adjusted the amounts reported previously in financial statements prepared in accordance with the Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and other relevant provisions of the Act (previous GAAP or Indian GAAP).
1.2.1 Exemptions and exceptions availed
Set out below are the applicable Ind AS 101 optional exemptions and mandatory exceptions applied in the transition from previous GAAP to Ind AS, which are considered to be material or significant by the Company.
Ind AS optional exemptions
(i) Deemed cost for Investment in Associate
: nd AS 101 provides a onetime option to a first-time adopter either to measure its investment in Associate as per previous GAAP carrying value or at fair value on the date of transition. The Company has elected to measure its investment in Associate as per previous GAAP carrying value.
Ind AS mandatory exceptions
(i) Estimates
An entityâs estimates in accordance with Ind ASs at the date of transition to Ind AS shall be consistent with estimates made for the same date in accordance with previous GAAP (after adjustments to reflect any difference in accounting policies), unless there is objective evidence that those estimates were in error. Ind AS estimates as at April 01, 2016 are consistent with the estimates as at the same date made in conformity with previous GAAP. The Company made estimates for following item in accordance with Ind AS at the date of transition as this was not required under previous GAAP :-
- Investment in mutual funds carried at Fair value through profit or loss.
- Provision for expected credit loss on risk sharing arrangement.
(ii) Classification and measurement of financial assets
Ind AS 101 requires an entity to assess classification and measurement of financial assets on the basis of the facts and circumstances that exist at the date of transition to Ind AS and apply requirements in Ind AS 109 prospectively for transactions occurring on after the date of transition to Ind ASs.
(iii) Fair valuation of Government grant/loan
Ind AS 101 requires that a first-time adopter shall classify all Government loans received as a financial liability or an equity instrument in accordance with Ind AS 32. Except as permitted by paragraph B11, a first-time adopter shall apply the requirements of Ind AS 109 and Ind AS 20, prospectively to Government loans existing at the date of transition to Ind AS and shall not recognize the corresponding benefit of the Government loan at a below-market rate of interest as a Government grant. Consequently, if a first-time adopter did not, under its previous GAAP, recognize and measure a Government loan at a below-market rate of
interest on a basis consistent with Ind AS requirements, it shall use its previous GAAP carrying amount of the loan at the date of transition to Ind ASs as the carrying amount of the loan in the opening Ind AS Balance Sheet.
In line with above mandatory exception, Company has continued previous GAAP value for Central Government Capital Subsidy in the opening Ind AS Balance Sheet.
1.2.2 Reconciliations between previous GAAP and Ind AS Impact of Ind AS adoption on the Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended March 31, 2017
- There are no material adjustments of transition to the Statement of Cash Flows to conform to Ind AS presentation for the year ended March 31, 2017.
- I nd AS 101 requires an entity to reconcile equity, total comprehensive income and cash flows for prior periods. The following tables represent the reconciliations from previous GAAP to Ind AS.
1.3 Notes to first-time adoption Note 1: Investments
Under the previous GAAP, investments in mutual funds were classified as cash & cash Equivalent based on the intended holding period and reliability. Investments were carried at fair value. Under Ind AS, these investments are required to be measured at fair value and presented as current Investment, so there is no adjustment required for Investment in Mutual Fund
10 Summary of significant accounting policies followed by the Company
1.4.1 System of Accounting
(i) The Company follows the mercantile system of accounting and recognizes income and expenditure on an accrual basis except in case of significant uncertainties.
(ii) Financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention, except for certain financial assets that are measured at fair value.
(iii) Estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of these financial statements and disclosures made therein are based upon Managementâs evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as of the date of the financial statements, which may differ from the actual results at a subsequent date. The following are items which are more likely to be materially adjusted due to estimates and assumptions turning out to be different than those originally assessed. Detailed information about each of these estimates and judgments is included in relevant notes together with information about basis of calculation for each affected line item in the financial statement.
(a) Provision for warranty claims
(b) Valuation of employee benefits
(c) Provision for tax expenses
(d) Provision for expected credit loss on risk sharing arrangement
(e) Provision for after sales activities
1.4.2 Revenue recognition
(A) sales
(i) Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Amounts disclosed as revenue are inclusive of excise duty and net of value added taxes, returns, discounts, after rolling out of Goods & Services tax in India Revenue is presented exclusive of tax. The Company recognizes revenue when the amount of revenue can be reliably measured and it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the Company.
(ii) Domestic sales are accounted for on dispatch from the point of sale corresponding to transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer.
(iii) Export sales are recognized on the date of the shipped on board signifying transfer of risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer as per terms of sale and initially recorded at the relevant exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.
(B) Export incentives
Export incentives are accounted for on export of goods if the entitlements can be estimated with reasonable accuracy and conditions precedent to claim are reasonably expected to be fulfilled.
(C) Other income
The Company recognizes income (including rent etc.) on accrual basis. However, where the ultimate collection of the same lacks reasonable certainty, revenue recognition is postponed to the extent of uncertainty.
1.4.3 Property, plant and equipment and depreciation
(i) Property, plant and equipment except land are carried at historical cost of acquisition, construction or manufacturing cost, as the case may be, less accumulated depreciation and impairment thereon if any. Freehold land is carried at cost of acquisition. Cost represents all expenses directly attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition capable of operating in the manner intended.
(ii) Costs incurred to manufacture property, plant and equipment and intangible are charged to particular Property plant & equipment. Subsequent costs are included in the assetâs carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.
(iii) Buildings acquired/constructed which is rented out by the company are categorized as investment property.
Transition to Ind AS
On Transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its property, plant and equipment recognized as at April 01, 2016 measured as per previous GAAP which in case of the Company, corresponds with carrying costs measured in accordance with Ind AS 16 Property, plant and equipment.
(iv) Depreciation and amortisation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value
On Tangible assets
(a) Depreciation is provided on a pro rata basis on the straight line method to allocate the cost, net of residual value over the estimated useful lives of the assets.
(b) Useful life of assets are determined by the Management by internal technical assessments and such useful life is in conformity with Schedule - II of the Companies act. Depreciation on additions is being provided on pro rata basis from the month of such additions.
(c) Depreciation on assets sold, discarded or demolished during the year is being provided up to the month in which such assets are sold, discarded or demolished.
(v) Impairment of assets
Assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the assetâs carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an assetâs fair value less cost of disposal and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows which are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets (cash generating units).
1.4.4 Intangible assets
Product Development Cost
Product Development Cost incurred on new vehicles platforms, variants on existing platforms and new vehicles aggregates are recognized as intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. These amounts are amortized over sixty months from the commencement of commercial production.
SAP Implementation Charges
Expenses incurred for implementation of SAP are recognized as intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. The amounts are amortized over sixty months from the implementation of SAP.
Transition to Ind AS
On Transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of intangible assets recognized as at April 01, 2016 measured as per previous GAAP which in case of the Company, corresponds with carrying costs measured in accordance with Ind AS 38 Intangible assets.
1.4.5 Investment Property
Property that is held for long-term rental yields or for capital appreciation or both, and that is not occupied by the Company, is classified as investment property. Investment property is measured initially at its cost, including related transaction costs. Subsequent expenditure is capitalized to the assetâs carrying amount only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance costs are expensed when incurred.
Depreciation on investment property is provided on a pro rata basis on straight line method over the estimated useful lives. Useful life of assets, as assessed by the Management, corresponds to those prescribed in Part âCâ Schedule II of the Companies act.
Transition to Ind AS
On Transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of investment property recognized as at April 01, 2016 which in case of the Company, corresponds with carrying costs measured in accordance with Ind AS 40 Investment Properties.
1.4.6 Investments , Financial Assets and Financial Liability
(a) Investment in Associate
Interest in Associate is recognized at cost and not adjusted to fair value at the end of each reporting period. Cost represents amount paid for acquisition of the said investments. The Company assesses at the end of each reporting period, if there are any indications that the said investments may be impaired. If so, the Company estimates the recoverable value/amount of the investment and provides for impairment, if any i.e. the deficit in the recoverable value over cost.
Transition to Ind AS
On Transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of investment property recognized as at April 01, 2016 which in case of the Company, corresponds with carrying costs measured in accordance with Ind AS 27 ''Separate Financial Statements''
(b) Investment in Subsidiary
Interest in Subsidiary is recognized at cost and not adjusted to fair value at the end of each reporting period. Cost represents amount paid for acquisition of the said investments. The Company assesses at the end of each reporting period, if there are any indications that the said investments may be impaired. If so, the Company estimates the recoverable value/amount of the investment and provides for impairment, if any i.e. the deficit in the recoverable value over cost.
(c) Other investments and financial assets
(i) Classification
The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:
- those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss), and those measured at amortized cost.
- The classification is done depending upon the Companyâs business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows. For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will be recorded in profit or loss.
(ii) Measurement
At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value.
Fair value through profit or loss: Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortized cost, are measured at fair value through profit or loss e.g. investments in mutual funds.
(iii) Impairment of financial assets
The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortized cost. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk and if so, assess the need to provide for the same in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(iv) Derecognition of financial assets
A financial asset is derecognized only when Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset. Where the entity has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognized.
(v) Income recognition Dividend
Dividend are recognized in the statement of profit & loss only when the right to receive payment is established, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the company and the amount of the dividend can be measured reliably.
Interest Income
Interest income from fixed deposits, corporate guarantee and from dealers deposits are recognized using the effective interest rate method. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument but does not consider the expected credit losses.
(d) Financial Liability
(i) classification as debt or Equity
Debt and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definition of a financial liability and an equity instrument.
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities.
(ii) Initial recognition and measurement
All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.
The Companyâs financial liabilities include trade and other payables.
(iii) Subsequent measurement
The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:
Trade and other payable
These amounts represent obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. These payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less otherwise they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade
and payables are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.
Derecognition
Liability is removed from the balance sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expired. The difference between the carrying amount of a financial liability that has been extinguished or transferred to another party and the consideration paid, including any noncash assets transferred or liabilities assumed, is recognized in profit or loss as other gains/ (losses).
When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of profit or loss.
Liability is classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period. Where there is a breach of a material provision of a long-term loan arrangement on or before the end of the reporting period with the effect that the liability becomes payable on demand on the reporting date, the entity does not classify the liability as current, if the lender agreed, after the reporting period and before the approval of the financial statements for issue, not to demand payment as a consequence of the breach.
1.4.7 Foreign currency transactions
(i) Items included in the financial statements are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates (âthe functional currencyâ). The financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (INR), which is Companyâs functional and presentation currency.
(ii) On initial recognition, all foreign currency transactions are recorded at foreign exchange rate on the date of transaction.
(iii) Monetary items of current assets and liabilities in foreign currency outstanding at the close of financial year are revalued at the appropriate exchange rates prevailing at the close of the year.
(iv) The gain or loss on decrease/increase in reporting currency due to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, in case of monetary current assets and liabilities in foreign currency, are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
1.4.8 Inventories
Cost of inventories have been computed to include all costs of purchases (including materials), cost of conversion and other costs incurred, as the case may be, in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.
(i) Finished stocks of vehicles are valued at cost of manufacturing or net realizable value whichever is lower.
(ii) Raw materials, Stores, Packing Materials tools and components are valued at cost arrived at on weighted average basis or net realizable value, whichever is lower, as circumstances demand. However, obsolete and slow moving items are valued at cost or estimated realizable value whichever is lower.
1.4.9 Research & Development expenditure
Research & Development expenditure is charged to revenue under the natural heads of account in the year in which it is incurred. Expenditure on development which does not meet the criteria for recognition as an intangible asset is recognized as an expense when it is incurred.
1.4.10 Taxation
Provision for tax is made for the current accounting period (reporting period) on the basis of the taxable profits computed in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 and the Income Computation and Disclosure Standards prescribed therein.
Deferred taxes are recognized for all deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses only if it is probable that future taxable amounts will be available to utilize those temporary differences.
Current and deferred tax is recognized in profit or loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.
1.4.11 Provisions and contingent liabilities
The Company creates a provision when there is present obligation as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation such as product warranty costs. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.
1.4.12 Operating lease including on investment properties
As a Lessor
The company has leased out its assets and such leases where the company has substantially retained all the risks and rewards of ownership are as operating leases. Lease income on such operating leases are recognized in the statement of profit & loss on a straight line basis over the lease term in a manner which is representative of the time pattern in which benefit derived from the use of the leased asset is diminished. Initial direct costs are recognized as an expense in the statement of profit & loss in the period in which they are incurred.
As a Lessee
leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases are charged to the statement of profit & loss on a straight line basis over the period of the lease in a manner which is representative of the time pattern in which benefit derived from the use of the leased asset is diminished.
1.4.13 Government Grants
Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that
(i) the company will comply with the conditions attached to them, and
(ii) the grant/subsidy will be received.
When the grant or subsidy relates to revenue, it is recognized as income on a systematic basis in the statement of profit and loss over the periods necessary to match them with the related costs, which they are intended to compensate. Where the grant relates to an asset, it is recognized as deferred income and transfer to income in equal amounts over the expected useful life of the related asset.
Where the company receives non-monetary grants, the asset is accounted for on the basis of its acquisition cost. In case a non-monetary asset is given free of cost, it is recognized at a nominal value.
1.4.14 Dividends
Provision is made for the amount of any dividend declared, being appropriately authorized and no longer at the discretion of the entity, on or before the end of the reporting period but not distributed at the end of the reporting period.
1.4.15 Cash and cash equivalents
For the purpose of presentation in the Statement of Cash Flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, balance with banks.
1.4.16 Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Earnings considered in ascertaining the Companyâs earnings per share is the net profit for the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares, that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of share outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
1.4.17 Segment Reporting
The company is engaged mainly in the business of automobile products. These, in the context of Indian Accounting Standard 108 on Segment Reporting, as specified in the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, are considered to constitute one single primary segment. Further, there is no reportable secondary segment i.e. Geographical segment.
.
Mar 31, 2016
1 NATURE OF OPERATIONS
ATUL AUTO LIMITED (the company) is a public company domiciled in India,
incorporated on 18-06-1986. Its shares are listed on two stock
exchanges in India - Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock
Exchange (NSE). The Company manufactures and sales Auto Rickshaws in
domestic and overseas market.
2 BASIS OF PREPARATION
The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material
respects with the standards specified under Section 133 of the
Companies Act, 2013 ("Act"), read with Rule 7 of the Companies
(Accounts) Rules, 2014 and the relevant provisions of the Act. The
financial statements have been prepared under historical cost
convention on an accrual basis except in case of assets for which
provision for impairment is made. The accounting policies have been
consistently applied by the Company and except for the changes in
accounting policy discussed below, are consistent with those used in
the previous year.
2.1 Summary of Significant Accounting Polices
(a) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date
of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the period reported. Actual results could differ from
those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized in
accordance with the requirements of the respective accounting standard.
(b) Inventories
Inventories are valued as follows:
Raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at lower of
cost and net realizable value. However, materials and other items held
for use in the production of inventories are not written down below
cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are
expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost of raw materials, components
and stores and spares is determined on a moving average basis.
Work-in-progress and finished goods are valued at lower of cost and net
realizable value. Cost includes direct materials and labor and a
proportion of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating
capacity. Cost of finished goods includes excise duty. Cost is
determined on a weighted average basis.
Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary
course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated
costs necessary to make the sale.
(c) Events occurring after balance date
Material events occurring after the date of balance sheet are
recognized and are dealt with appropriately in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles and as provided in AS-5
(d) Depreciation
Depreciation is provided using the Straight Line Method
according to useful lives of assets as provided in schedule
II of the Companies Act, 2013. Depreciation for assets
purchases/sold during period is proportionately charged.
Useful lives of assets estimated by management (years)
Factory Buildings 30
Other Buildings 60
Plant and equipments 15
Furniture and fixtures 10
Office Equipment 5
Vehicles 8
Computer end user device 3
Computer server 6
Windmill 22
(e) Intangible assets Product Development Cost
Product Development Cost incurred on new vehicles platforms, variants
on existing platforms and new vehicles aggregates are recognized as
intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. These amounts
are amortized over sixty months from the commencement of commercial
production i.e. from June 1, 2009.
SAP Implementation Charges
Expenses incurred for implementation of SAP are recognized as
intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. The amounts are
amortized over sixty months from the implementation of SAP i.e. from
January 1, 2012.
Research and development costs
Research costs are expensed as incurred. Development expenditure
incurred on an individual project is recognized as an intangible asset
when the company can demonstrate all the following:
i. The technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that
it will be available for use or sale
ii. Its intention to complete the asset
iii. Its ability to use or sell the asset
iv. How the asset will generate future economic benefits
v. The availability of adequate resources to complete the development
and to use or sell the asset
vi. The ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the
intangible asset during development.
Following the initial recognition of the development expenditure as an
asset, the cost model is applied requiring the asset to be carried at
cost less any accumulated
amortization and accumulated impairment losses. Amortization of the
asset begins when development is complete and the asset is available
for use. It is amortized on a straight line basis over the period of
expected future benefit from the related project, i.e., the estimated
useful life of ten years. Amortization is recognized in the statement
of Profit and loss. During the period of development, the asset is
tested for impairment annually.
(f) Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will fow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured.
Sale of Goods
Revenue is recognized when the significant risks and rewards of
ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer, usually on delivery of
the goods or acceptance of title of the goods. Excise Duty included in
the amount of turnover (gross) are deducted from turnover (gross) for
disclosure of net turnover in the statement of Profit & Loss
Interest
Revenue is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account
the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.
Dividends
Revenue is recognized when the company''s right to receive payment is
established by the balance sheet date.
Generation of Electricity
Revenue from power generation is recognized on accrual basis as per the
terms of power sale agreement.
Others
Other income is accounted for on accrual basis except where the receipt
of income is uncertain.
(g) Fixed Assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and
impairment losses. Cost comprises the purchase price and any
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
its intended use, net of CENVAT recoverable.
(h) Foreign currency transactions (i) Initial Recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency,
by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between
the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transaction.
(ii) Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are retranslated using the exchange
rate prevailing at the reporting date. Non-monetary items, which are
measured in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign
currency, are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the
transaction. Non-monetary items, which are measured at fair value or
other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency, are
translated using the exchange rate at the date when such value was
determined.
(iii) Exchange Differences
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on
reporting monetary items of company at rates different from those at
which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in
previous financial statements, are recognized as income or as expenses
in the year in which they arise.
(i) Investments
Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for
not more than one year from the date on which such investments are
made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are
classified as long- term investments.
On initial recognition, all investments are measured at cost. The cost
comprises purchase price and directly attributable acquisition charges
such as brokerage, fees and duties. If an investment is acquired, or
partly acquired, by the issue of shares or other securities, the
acquisition cost is the fair value of the securities issued. If an
investment is acquired in exchange for another asset, the acquisition
is determined by reference to the fair value of the asset given up or
by reference to the fair value of the investment acquired, whichever is
more clearly evident.
Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for
diminution in value is made to recognize a decline other than temporary
in the value of the investments.
On disposal of an investment, the difference between its carrying
amount and net disposal proceeds is charged or credited to the
statement of Profit and loss.
(j) Employee Benefits Gratuity
The Gratuity Liability is defend benefit obligation. The company has
created Employees Group Gratuity Fund which has taken a Group Gratuity
Insurance Policy from Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC).
Premium on above policy as intimated by LIC is charged to the Profit &
Loss Account. The adequacy of balances available is compared with
actuarial valuation obtained at the period end. Shortfall, if any, is
provided for in the statement of Profit & Loss.
Provident Fund
Retirement benefit in the form of provident fund is a defend
contribution scheme. The company has no obligation, other than the
contribution payable to the provident fund. The company recognizes
contribution payable to the provident fund scheme as an expenditure,
when an employee renders the related service. If the contribution
payable to the scheme for service received before the balance sheet
date exceeds the contribution already paid, the deficit payable to the
scheme is recognized as a liability after deducting the contribution
already paid. If the contribution already paid exceeds the
contribution due for services received before the balance sheet date,
then excess is recognized as an asset to the extent that the pre
payment will lead to, for example, a reduction in future payment or a
cash refund.
Leave Salary
The Company provides for the encashment of leave or leave with pay
subject to certain rules. The employees are entitled to accumulate
leave subject to certain limits, for future encashment. The liability
is provided based on the number of days of unutilized leave at each
balance sheet date.
(k) Borrowing Cost
Borrowing cost includes interest and amortization of ancillary costs
incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction
or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period
of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as
part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are
expensed in the period they occur.
(l) Segment Reporting
The company is engaged mainly in the business of automobile products.
These, in the context of Accounting Standard 17 on Segment Reporting,
as specified in the Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006, are
considered to constitute one single primary segment. Further, there is
no reportable secondary segment i.e. Geographical segment.
(m) Leases
Leases, where the less or effectively retain substantially all the
risks and benefits of ownership of the leased item, are classified as
operating lease. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense
in the statement of Profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the
lease term.
(n) Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net Profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Partly
paid equity shares are treated as a fraction of an equity share to the
extent that they are entitled to participate in dividends relative to a
fully paid equity share during the reporting period. The weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period is
adjusted for events such as bonus issue, bonus element in a rights
issue, share split, and reverse share split (consolidation of shares)
that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a
corresponding change in resources.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net
Profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and
the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are
adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
(o) Income Taxes
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is
measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in
accordance with the Income- tax Act, 1961 enacted in India and tax laws
prevailing in the respective tax jurisdictions where the company
operates. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are
those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date.
Current income tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is
recognized in equity and not in the statement of Profit and loss.
Deferred income taxes effect the impact of timing differences between
taxable income and accounting income originating during the current
year and reversal of timing differences for the earlier years. Deferred
tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or
substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred income tax
relating to items recognized directly in equity is recognized in equity
and not in the statement of Profit and loss.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable timing
differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible timing
differences only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that
sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such
deferred tax assets can be realized. In situations where the company
has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred
tax assets are recognized only if there is virtual certainty supported
by convincing evidence that they can be realized against future taxable
Profits.
In the situations where the company is entitled to a tax holiday under
the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India or tax laws prevailing in the
respective tax jurisdictions where it operates, no deferred tax (asset
or liability) is recognized in respect of timing differences which
reverse during the tax holiday period, to the extent the company''s
gross total income is subject to the deduction during the tax holiday
period.
Deferred tax in respect of timing differences which reverse after the
tax holiday period is recognized in the year in which the timing
differences originate. However, the company restricts recognition of
deferred tax assets to the extent that it has become reasonably certain
or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future
taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets
can be realized. For recognition of deferred taxes, the timing
differences which originate first are considered to reverse first.
At each reporting date, the company re-assesses unrecognized deferred
tax assets. It recognizes unrecognized deferred tax asset to the extent
that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case
may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against
which such deferred tax assets can be realized.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each
reporting date. The company writes-down the carrying amount of deferred
tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or
virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable
income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be
realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it
becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be,
that sufficient future taxable income will be available
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a
legally enforceable right exists to set-of current tax assets against
current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred taxes
relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.
Minimum alternate tax (MAT) paid in a year is charged to the statement
of Profit and loss as current tax. The company recognizes MAT credit
available as an asset only to the extent that there is convincing
evidence that the company will pay normal income tax during the
specified period, i.e., the period for which MAT credit is allowed to
be carried forward. In the year in which the company recognizes MAT
credit as an asset in accordance with the Guidance Note on Accounting
for Credit Available in respect of Minimum Alternative Tax under the
Income-tax Act, 1961, the said asset is created by way of credit to the
statement of Profit and loss and shown as "MAT Credit Entitlement." The
company reviews the "MAT credit entitlement" asset at each reporting
date and writes down the asset to the extent the company does not have
convincing evidence that it will pay normal tax during the specified
period.
(p) Impairment of tangible and intangible assets
The company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or
when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the company
estimates the asset''s recoverable amount. An asset''s recoverable amount
is the higher of an asset''s or cash-generating units (CGU) net selling
price and its value in use. The recoverable amount is determined for an
individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that
are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets.
Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable
amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its
recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future
cash fows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax
discount rate that effects current market assessments of the time value
of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining net
selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account, if
available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate
valuation model is used.
The company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and
forecast calculations which are prepared separately for each of the
company''s cash- generating units to which the individual assets are
allocated. These budgets and forecast calculations are generally
covering a period of five years. For longer periods, a long term growth
rate is calculated and applied to project future cash fows after the
fifth year.
Impairment losses of continuing operations, including impairment on
inventories, are recognized in the statement of Profit and loss, except
for previously revalued tangible fixed assets, where the revaluation
was taken to revaluation reserve. In this case, the impairment is also
recognized in the revaluation reserve up to the amount of any previous
revaluation.
After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying
amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.
An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any
indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer
exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the company
estimates the asset''s or cash-generating unit''s recoverable amount. A
previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has
been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset''s
recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized.
The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does
not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that
would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss
been recognized for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is
recognized in the statement of Profit and loss unless the asset is
carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal is treated as
a revaluation increase.
(q) Government grants and subsidies
Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized when there is
reasonable assurance that (i) the company will comply with the
conditions attached to them, and (ii) the grant/subsidy will be
received.
When the grant or subsidy relates to revenue, it is recognized as
income on a systematic basis in the statement of Profit and loss over
the periods necessary to match them with the related costs, which they
are intended to compensate. Where the grant relates to an asset, it is
recognized as deferred income and released to income in equal amounts
over the expected useful life of the related asset.
Where the company receives non-monetary grants, the asset is accounted
for on the basis of its acquisition cost. In case a non-monetary asset
is given free of cost, it is recognized at a nominal value.
Government grants of the nature of promoters'' contribution are credited
to capital reserve and treated as a part of the shareholders'' funds.
(r) Provisions
A provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event; it is probable that an outfow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provision are not discounted to its
present value and are determined based on best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at
each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best
estimates.
Where the company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed,
for example under an insurance contract, the reimbursement is
recognized as a separate asset but only when the reimbursement is
virtually certain. The expense relating to any provision is presented
in the statement of Profit and loss net of any reimbursement.
Product Warranty Provisions
The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when
products are sold. These estimates are established using historical
information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty
claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidence
based on corrective actions on product failures. The estimate of such
warranty-related costs is revised annually.
After Sales Service Provisions
The estimated liability for after sales service is recorded when
products are sold. The estimate of such after sales service related
costs is revised annually.
(s) Contingent liabilities
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past
events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or
non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the
control of the company or a present obligation that is not recognized
because it is not probable that an outfow of resources will be required
to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in
extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be
recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The company does
not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the
financial statements.
(t) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of cash fow statement
comprise cash at bank and in hand and short- term investments with an
original maturity of three months or less.
Mar 31, 2015
(a) Change in Accounting Policy
i Depreciation on fixed assets
Till the year ended March 31, 2014, Schedule XIV to the Companies Act,
1956, prescribed requirements concerning depreciation of fixed assets.
From the current year, Schedule XIV has been replaced by Schedule II to
the Companies Act, 2013. The applicability of Schedule II has resulted
in the following changes related to depreciation of fixed assets.
Unless stated otherwise, the impact mentioned for the current year is
likely to hold good for future years also.
ii Useful lives/ depreciation rates
Till the year ended March 31, 2014 depreciation rates prescribed under
Schedule XIV were treated as minimum rates and the company was not
allowed to charge depreciation at lower rates even if such lower rates
were justified by the estimated useful life of the asset. Schedule II
to the Companies Act, 2013 prescribes useful lives for fixed assets
which, in many cases, are different from lives prescribed under the
erstwhile Schedule XIV. However, Schedule II allows companies to use
higher/ lower useful lives and residual values if such useful lives and
residual values can be technically supported and justification for
difference is disclosed in the financial statements.
Considering the applicability of Schedule II, the management has
re-estimated useful lives and residual values of all its fixed assets.
The management believes that depreciation rates currently used fairly
reflect its estimate of the useful lives and residual values of fixed
assets, though these rates in certain cases are different from lives
prescribed under Schedule II. Hence, this change in accounting policy
did not have any material impact on financial statements of the
company.
(b) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date
of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the period reported. actual results could differ form
those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognised in
accordance with the requirements of the respective accounting standard.
(c) Inventories
Inventories are valued as follows:
i Raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at lower of
cost and net realizable value. However, materials and other items held
for use in the production of inventories are not written down below
cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are
expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost of raw materials, components
and stores and spares is determined on a moving average basis.
ii Work-in-progress and finished goods are valued at lower of cost and
net realizable value. Cost includes direct materials and labour and a
proportion of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating
capacity. Cost of finished goods includes excise duty. Cost is
determined on a weighted average basis.
iii Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary
course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated
costs necessary to make the sale.
(d) Events occurring after Balance Sheet date
Material events occurring after the date of balance sheet are
recognized and are dealt with appropriately in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles and as provided in AS-5
(e) Depreciation
i Depreciation is provided using the Straight Line Method according to
useful life of assets as provided in schedule II of the Companies Act,
2013 :
ii Effective from April 1, 2014, the company has charged
depreciation on the remaining useful life of the assets as per the
requirement of Schedule -II of the Act. In respect of the assets
completing its useful life, an amount of Rs. 78,98,374/- (Rs. 119,65,374/-
being WDV of assets
completing its useful life and Rs. -40,67,000/- being deferred tax
reversal thereon) has been adjusted against opening balance of the
retained earnings in accordance with the transitional provision
provided in Note 7(b) of the Schedule II of the act.
iii Useful lives of assets estimated by management (years) a Factory
Buildings 30
b Other Buildings 60 c Plant and equipments 15 d Furniture and fixtures
10 e Office Equipment 5 f Vehicles 8
g Computer end user devise 3 h Computer server 6 i Windmill 22
(f) Intangible assets
i Product Development Cost
Product Development Cost incurred on new vehicles platforms, variants
on existing platforms and new vehicles aggregates are recognized as
intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. These amounts
are amortized over sixty months from the commencement of commercial
production i.e. from June 1, 2009.
ii SAP Implementation Charges
Expenses incurred for implementation of SAP are recognized as
intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. The amounts are
amortized over sixty months from the implementation of SAP i.e. from
January 1,2012.
iii Research and development costs
Research costs are expensed as incurred. Development expenditure
incurred on an individual project is recognized as an intangible asset
when the company can demonstrate all the following:
- The technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so
that it will be available for use or sale
- Its intention to complete the asset
- Its ability to use or sell the asset
- How the asset will generate future economic benefits
- The availability of adequate resources to complete the development
and to use or sell the asset
- The ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the
intangible asset during development.
Following the initial recognition of the development expenditure as an
asset, the cost model is applied requiring the asset to be carried at
cost less any accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment
losses. Amortization of the asset begins when development is complete
and the asset is available for use. It is amortized on a straight line
basis over the period of expected future benefit from the related
project, i.e., the estimated useful life of ten years. Amortization is
recognized in the statement of profit and loss. During the period of
development, the asset is tested for impairment annually.
(g) Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured.
i Sales of Goods
Revenue is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of
ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer, usually on delivery of
the goods or acceptance of title of the goods. Excise Duty included in
the amount of turnover (gross) are deducted from turnover (gross) for
disclosure of net turnover in the statement of Profit & Loss
ii Interest
Revenue is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account
the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.
iii Dividends
Revenue is recognised when the company's right to receive payment is
established by the balance sheet date.
iv Generation of Electricity
Revenue from power generation is recognised on accrual basis as per the
terms of power sale agreement.
v Others
Other income is accounted for on accrual basis except where the receipt
of income is uncertain.
(h) Fixed Assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and
impairment losses. Cost comprises the purchase price and any
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
its intended use, net of CENVAT recoverable. Financing costs relating
to construction of fixed assets are also included to the extent they
relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.
Financing costs not relating to construction of fixed assets are
charged to the income statements.
(i) Foreign currency transactions
i Initial Recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency,
by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between
the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transaction.
ii Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are retranslated using the exchange
rate prevailing at the reporting date. Non-monetary items, which are
measured in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency,
are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.
Non-monetary items, which are measured at fair value or other similar
valuation denominated in a foreign currency, are translated using the
exchange rate at the date when such value was determined.
iii Exchange Differences
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on
reporting monetary items of company at rates different from those at
which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in
previous financial statements, are recognised as income or as expenses
in the year in which they arise.
(j) Investments
Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for
not more than one year from the date on which such investments are
made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are
classified as long-term investments.
On initial recognition, all investments are measured at cost. The cost
comprises purchase price and directly attributable acquisition charges
such as brokerage, fees and duties. If an investment is acquired, or
partly acquired, by the issue of shares or other securities, the
acquisition cost is the fair value of the securities issued. If an
investment is acquired in exchange for another asset, the acquisition
is determined by reference to the fair value of the asset given up or
by reference to the fair value of the investment acquired, whichever is
more clearly evident."
Current investments are carried in the financial statements at lower of
cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis.
Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for
diminution in value is made to recognize a decline other than temporary
in the value of the investments.
On disposal of an investment, the difference between its carrying
amount and net disposal proceeds is charged or credited to the
statement of profit and loss.
(k) Employee Benefits
i Gratuity
The Gratuity Liability is defined benefit obligation. The company has
created Employees Group Gratuity Fund which has taken a Group Gratuity
Insurance Policy from Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC).
Premium on above policy as intimated by LIC is charged to the Profit &
Loss Account. The adequacy of balances available is compared with
actuarial valuation obtained at the period end. Shortfall, if any, is
provided for in the statement of Profit & Loss.
ii Provident Fund
Retirement benefit in the form of provident fund is a defined
contribution scheme. The company has no obligation, other than the
contribution payable to the provident fund. The company recognizes
contribution payable to the provident fund scheme as an expenditure,
when an employee renders the related service. If the contribution
payable to the scheme for service received before the balance sheet
date exceeds the contribution already paid, the deficit payable to the
scheme is recognized as a liability after deducting the contribution
already paid. If the contribution already paid exceeds the contribution
due for services received before the balance sheet date, then excess is
recognized as an asset to the
extent that the pre payment will lead to, for example, a reduction in
future payment or a cash refund.
iii Leave Salary
The Company provides for the encashment of leave or leave with pay
subject to certain rules. The employees are entitled to accumulate
leave subject to certain limits, for future encashment. The liability
is provided based on the number of days of unutilised leave at each
balance sheet date.
(l) Borrowing Cost
Borrowing cost includes interest and amortization of ancillary costs
incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction
or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period
of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as
part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are
expensed in the period they occur.
(m) Segment Reporting
The company is engaged mainly in the business of automobile products.
These, in the context of Accounting Standard 17 on Segment Reporting,
as specified in the Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006, are
considered to constitute one single primary segment. Further, there is
no reportable secondary segment i.e. Geographical segment.
(n) Leases
Leases, where the lessor effectively retain substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership of the leased item, are classified as
operating lease. Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense
in the statement of Profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the
lease term.
(o) Earning Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Partly
paid equity shares are treated as a fraction of an equity share to the
extent that they are entitled to participate in dividends relative to a
fully paid equity share during the reporting period. The weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period is
adjusted for events such
as bonus issue, bonus element in a rights issue, share split, and
reverse share split (consolidation of shares) that have changed the
number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in
resources.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net
profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and
the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are
adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
(p) Income Taxes
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is
measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in
accordance with the Income- tax Act, 1961 enacted in India and tax laws
prevailing in the respective tax jurisdictions where the company
operates. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are
those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date.
Current income tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is
recognized in equity and not in the statement of profit and loss.
Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of timing differences between
taxable income and accounting income originating during the current
year and reversal of timing differences for the earlier years. Deferred
tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or
substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred income tax
relating to items recognized directly in equity is recognized in equity
and not in the statement of profit and loss.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable timing
differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible timing
differences only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that
sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such
deferred tax assets can be realized. In situations where the company
has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred
tax assets are recognized only if there is virtual certainty supported
by convincing evidence that they can be realized against future taxable
profits.
In the situations where the company is entitled to a tax holiday under
the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India or tax laws prevailing in the
respective tax jurisdictions where it operates, no deferred tax (asset
or liability) is recognized in respect of timing differences which
reverse
during the tax holiday period, to the extent the company's gross total
income is subject to the deduction during the tax holiday period.
Deferred tax in respect of timing differences which reverse after the
tax holiday period is recognized in the year in which the timing
differences originate. However, the company restricts recognition of
deferred tax assets to the extent that it has become reasonably certain
or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future
taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets
can be realized. For recognition of deferred taxes, the timing
differences which originate first are considered to reverse first.
At each reporting date, the company re-assesses unrecognized deferred
tax assets. It recognizes unrecognized deferred tax asset to the extent
that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case
may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against
which such deferred tax assets can be realized.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each
reporting date. The company writes-down the carrying amount of deferred
tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or
virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable
income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be
realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes
reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that
sufficient future taxable income will be available
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a
legally enforceable right exists to set-off current tax assets against
current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred taxes
relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.
Minimum alternate tax (MAT) paid in a year is charged to the statement
of profit and loss as current tax. The company recognizes MAT credit
available as an asset only to the extent that there is convincing
evidence that the company will pay normal income tax during the
specified period, i.e., the period for which MAT credit is allowed to
be carried forward. In the year in which the company recognizes MAT
credit as an asset in accordance with the Guidance Note on Accounting
for Credit Available in respect of Minimum Alternative Tax under the
Income- tax Act, 1961, the said asset is created by way of credit
to the statement of profit and loss and shown as "MAT Credit
Entitlement." The company reviews the "MAT credit entitlement" asset at
each reporting date and writes down the asset to the extent the company
does not have convincing evidence that it will pay normal tax during
the specified period.
(q) Impairment of tangible and intangible assets
The company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or
when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the company
estimates the asset's recoverable amount. An asset's recoverable amount
is the higher of an asset's or cash-generating unit's (CGU) net selling
price and its value in use. The recoverable amount is determined for an
individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that
are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets.
Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable
amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its
recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future
cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax
discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time
value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining net
selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account, if
available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate
valuation model is used.
The company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and
forecast calculations which are prepared separately for each of the
company's cash-generating units to which the individual assets are
allocated. These budgets and forecast calculations are generally
covering a period of five years. For longer periods, a long term growth
rate is calculated and applied to project future cash flows after the
fifth year.
An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any
indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer
exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the company
estimates the asset's or cash-generating unit's recoverable amount. A
previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has
been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset's
recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. The
reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not
exceed its recoverable amount, nor
exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of
depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in
prior years. Such reversal is recognized in the statement of profit and
loss unless the asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case
the reversal is treated as a revaluation increase.
Impairment losses of continuing operations, including impairment on
inventories, are recognized in the statement of profit and loss, except
for previously revalued tangible fixed assets, where the revaluation
was taken to revaluation reserve. In this case, the impairment is also
recognized in the revaluation reserve up to the amount of any previous
revaluation.
After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying
amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.
(r) Government grants and subsidies
Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized when there is
reasonable assurance that (i) the company will comply with the
conditions attached to them, and (ii) the grant/subsidy will be
received.
When the grant or subsidy relates to revenue, it is recognized as
income on a systematic basis in the statement of profit and loss over
the periods necessary to match them with the related costs, which they
are intended to compensate. Where the grant relates to an asset, it is
recognized as deferred income and released to income in equal amounts
over the expected useful life of the related asset.
Where the company receives non-monetary grants, the asset is accounted
for on the basis of its acquisition cost. In case a non-monetary asset
is given free of cost, it is recognized at a nominal value.
Government grants of the nature of promoters' contribution are credited
to capital reserve and treated as a part of the shareholders' funds.
(s) Provisions
A provision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provision are not discounted to its
present value and are determined based on best
estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date.
These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect
the current best estimates.
Where the company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed,
for example under an insurance contract, the reimbursement is
recognized as a separate asset but only when the reimbursement is
virtually certain. The expense relating to any provision is presented
in the statement of profit and loss net of any reimbursement.
i Product Warranty Provisions
The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when
products are sold. These estimates are established using historical
information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty
claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidence
based on corrective actions on product failures. The estimate of such
warranty-related costs is revised annually.
ii After Sales Service Provisions
The estimated liability for after sales service is recorded when
products are sold. The estimate of such after sales service related
costs is revised annually.
(t) Contingent liabilities
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past
events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or
non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the
control of the company or a present obligation that is not recognized
because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be
required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises
in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be
recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The company does
not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the
financial statements.
(u) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of cash flow statement
comprise cash at bank and in hand and short- term investments with an
original maturity of three months or less.
Mar 31, 2014
[a] Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that afect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities, the disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of
the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the period reported. Actual results could difer form
those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognised in
accordance with the requirements of the respective accounting standard.
[b] Inventories
Inventories are valued as follows: Raw materials, components, stores
and spares Lower of cost and net realizable value. However, materials
and other items held for use in the production of inventories are not
written down below cost if the fnished products in which they will be
incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost is
determined on a FIFO basis. Cost includes relevant cost of bringing
those material at their present location and condition.
Work-in-progress and fnished goods Lower of cost and net realizable
value. Cost includes Direct Materials and Labour and a proportion of
Manufacturing Overheads based on normal operating capacity or actual
production whichever is less. Cost of fnished goods includes excise
duty.
Net Realizable Value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary
course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated
costs necessary to make the sale.
[c] Events occurring after Balance Sheet date
Material events occurring after the date of balance sheet are
recognized and are dealt with appropriately in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles and as provided in AS-5
[d] Depreciation
Depreciation is provided using the Straight Line Method as per the
rates prescribed under schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 except
in case of :
Leasehold Land - amortised over the period of the lease.
Intangible Asset - Amortised over a period of 5 years as estimated by
the management.
[e] Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will fow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured.
Sales of Goods
Revenue is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of
ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer. Excise Duty included
in the amount of turnover (gross) are deducted from turnover (gross)
for disclosure of net turnover in the P&L account.
Interest
Revenue is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account
the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.
Dividends
Revenue is recognised when the company''s right to receive payment is
established by the balance sheet date.
[f] Fixed Assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and
impairment losses. Cost comprises the purchase price and any
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
its intended use, net of CENVAT recoverable. Financing costs relating
to construction of fixed assets are also included to the extent they
relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.
Financing costs not relating to construction of fixed assets are charged
to the income statements.
[g] Foreign currency transactions
(i) Initial Recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency,
by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between
the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transaction.
(ii) Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
(iii) Exchange Diferences Exchange diferences arising on the settlement
of monetary items or on reporting monetary items of company at rates
diferent from those at which they were initially recorded during the
year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognised as
income or as expenses in the year in which they arise.
[h] Investments
Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not
more than a year are classified as current investments. All other
investments are classifed as long-term investments. Current Investments
are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual
investment basis. Long term investments are carried at cost, less
provision for diminution in value other than temporary.
[i] Employee benefits
Gratuity
The Gratuity Liability is Defined benefit obligation. The company has
created Employees Group Gratuity Fund which has taken a Group Gratuity
Insurance Policy from Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC).
Premium on above policy as intimated by LIC is charged to the Profit &
Loss Account. The adequacy of balances available is compared with
actuarial valuation obtained at the period end. Shortfall, if any, is
provided for in the Profit & Loss Account.
Provident Fund
Retirement benefits in the form of Provident fund is a Defined
contribution scheme in which both employees and the Company make
monthly contributions at a specified percentage of the covered
employees'' salary (currently 12% of employees'' salary). The
contribution are charged to the Profit and loss account of the year when
the contribution to the respective funds are due.
Leave Salary
The Company provides for the encashment of leave or leave with pay
subject to certain rules. The employees are entitled to accumulate
leave subject to certain limits, for future encashment. The liability
is provided based on the number of days of unutilised leave at each
balance sheet date.
[j] Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition,
construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised as
part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as
an expense in the period in which they are incurred.
[k] Segment Reporting
The company is engaged mainly in the business of automobile products.
These, in the context of Accounting Standard 17 on Segment Reporting,
as specified in the Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006, are
considered to constitute one single primary segment. Further, there is
no reportable secondary segment i.e. Geographical segment.
[l] Earning Per Share
Basic earning per share are calculated by dividing the net Profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Partly
paid equity shares are treated as a fraction of an equity share to the
extent that they were entitled to participate in dividends relative to
a fully paid equity share during the reporting period.
[m] Income Taxes
Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the
year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax
Act, 1961.
Deferred tax is recognised, on timing diferences, being the diference
between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one
period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.
[n] Intangible assets
Product Development Cost
Product Development Cost incurred on new vehicles platforms, variants
on existing platforms and new vehicles aggregates are recognized as
intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. These amounts are
amortized over sixty months from the commencement of commercial
production i.e. from June 1, 2009.
SAP Implementation Charges
Expenses incurred for implementation of SAP are recognized as
intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. The amounts are
amortized over sixty months from the implementation of SAP i.e. from
Januaray 1, 2012
[o] Impairment
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
if there are impairment indicators. An impairment loss is recognized
wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable
amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the assets net selling
price and value in use.
After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying
amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.
A previously recognised impairment loss is increased or decreased based
on reassessment of recoverable amount, which is carried out if the
change is significant. However the carrying value after reversal is not
increased beyond the carrying value that would have prevailed by
charging usual depreciation if there was no impairment.
[p] Provisions
A provision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provision are not discounted to its
present value and are determined based on best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at
each balance sheet date and adjusted to refect the current best
estimates.
[q] Product Warranty Expenses
The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when
products are sold. These estimates are established using historical
information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty
claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidence
based on corrective actions on product failures. However any risk
covered by insurance policy premium paid on such policy are charged to
revenue in the year in which it is incurred.
Mar 31, 2013
(a) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date
of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the period reported. Actual results could differ from
those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized in
accordance with the requirements of the respective accounting standard.
(b) Inventories
Inventories are valued as follows:
Raw materials, components, stores and spares
Lower of cost and net realizable value. However, materials and other
items held for use in the production of inventories are not written
down below cost if the finished products in which they will be
incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost is
determined on a FIFO basis. Cost includes relevant cost of bringing
those material at their present location and condition.
Work-in-progress and finished goods
Lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes Direct Materials
and Labour and a proportion of Manufacturing Overheads based on normal
operating capacity or actual production whichever is less. Cost of
finished goods includes excise duty.
Net Realizable Value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary
course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated
costs necessary to make the sale.
(c) Events occurring after balance date
Material events occurring after the date of balance sheet are
recognized and are dealt with appropriately in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles and as provided in AS-5
(d) Depreciation
Depreciation is provided using the Straight Line Method as per the
rates prescribed under schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 except
in case of :
Leasehold Land - amortized over the period of the lease.
Intangible Asset - Amortized over a period of 5 years as estimated by
the management.
(e) Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured.
Sales of Goods
Revenue is recognized when the significant risks and rewards of
ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer. Excise Duty included
in the amount of turnover (gross) are deducted from turnover (gross)
for disclosure of net turnover in the P&L account.
Interest
Revenue is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account
the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.
Dividends
Revenue is recognized when the company''s right to receive payment is
established by the balance sheet date.
(f) Fixed Assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and
impairment losses. Cost comprises the purchase price and any
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
its intended use, net of CENVAT recoverable. Financing costs relating
to construction of fixed assets are also included to the extent they
relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.
Financing costs not relating to construction of fixed assets are
charged to the income statements.
(g) Foreign currency transactions
(i) Initial Recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency,
by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between
the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transaction.
(ii) Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
(iii) Exchange Differences
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on
reporting monetary items of company at rates different from those at
which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in
previous financial statements, are recognized as income or as expenses
in the year in which they arise.
(h) Investments
Investments that are readily realizable and intended to be held for not
more than a year are classified as current investments. All other
investments are classified as long-term investments. Current
Investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on
an individual investment basis. Long term investments are carried at
cost, less provision for diminution in value other than temporary.
(i) Employee Benefits Gratuity
The Gratuity Liability is defined benefit obligation. The company has
created Employees Group Gratuity Fund which has taken a Group Gratuity
Insurance Policy from Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC).
Premium on above policy as intimated by LIC is charged to the Profit &
Loss Account. The adequacy of balances available is compared with
actuarial valuation obtained at the period end. Shortfall, if any, is
provided for in the Profit & Loss Account.
Provident Fund
Retirement benefits in the form of Provident fund are a defined
contribution scheme in which both employees and the Company make
monthly contributions at a specified percentage of the covered
employees'' salary (currently 12% of employees'' salary). The
contribution is charged to the profit and loss account of the year when
the contributions to the respective funds are due.
Leave Salary
The Company provides for the encashment of leave or leave with pay
subject to certain rules. The employees are entitled to accumulate
leave subject to certain limits, for future encashment. The liability
is provided based on the number of days of unutilized leave at each
balance sheet date.
(j) Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition,
construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalized as
part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as
an expense in the period in which they are incurred.
(k) Segment Reporting
The company is engaged mainly in the business of automobile products.
These, in the context of Accounting Standard 17 on Segment Reporting,
as specified in the Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006, are
considered to constitute one single primary segment. Further, there is
no reportable secondary segment i.e. Geographical segment.
(l) Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Partly
paid equity shares are treated as a fraction of an equity share to the
extent that they were entitled to participate in dividends relative to
a fully paid equity share during the reporting period.
(m) Income Taxes
Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the
year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax
Act, 1961.
Deferred tax is recognized, on timing differences, being the difference
between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one
period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.
(n) Intangible assets
Product Development Cost
Product Development Cost incurred on new vehicles platforms, variants
on existing platforms and new vehicles aggregates are recognized as
intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. These amounts
are amortized over sixty months from the commencement of commercial
production i.e. from June 1, 2009.
SAP Implementation Charges
Expenses incurred for implementation of SAP are recognized as
intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. The amounts are
amortized over sixty months from the implementation of SAP i.e. from
January 1, 2012
(o) Impairment
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
if there are impairment indicators. An impairment loss is recognized
wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable
amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the asset''s net
selling price and value in use.
After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying
amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.
A previously recognized impairment loss is increased or decreased based
on reassessment of recoverable amount, which is carried out if the
change is significant. However the carrying value after reversal is not
increased beyond the carrying value that would have prevailed by
charging usual depreciation if there was no impairment.
(p) Provisions
A provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its
present value and are determined based on best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at
each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best
estimates.
(q) Product Warranty Expenses
The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when
products are sold. These estimates are established using historical
information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty
claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidence
based on corrective actions on product failures. However any risk
covered by insurance policy premium paid on such policy are charged to
revenue in the year in which it is incurred.
Mar 31, 2012
(a) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date
of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the period reported. actual results could differ form
those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognised in
accordance with the requirements of the respective accounting standard.
(b) Inventories
Inventories are valued as follows:
Raw materials. components, stores and spares
Lower of cost and net realizable value. However, materials and other
items held for use in the production of inventories are not written
down below cost if the finished products in which they will be
incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost is
determined on a FIFO basis. Cost includes relevant cost of bringing
those material at their present location and condition.
Work-in-proaress and finished goods
Lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes Direct Materials
and Labour and a proportion of Manufacturing Overheads based on normal
operating capacity or actual production whichever is less. Cost of
finished goods includes excise duty.
Net Realizable Value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary
course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated
costs necessary to make the sale.
(c) Events occurring after balance date
Material events occurring after the date of balance sheet are
recognized and are dealt with appropriately in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles and as provided in AS-5
(d) Depreciation
Depreciation is provided using the Straight Line Method as per the
rates prescribed under schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 except
in case of :
Leasehold Land - amortised over the period of the lease.
Intangible Asset - Amortised over a period of 5 years as estimated by
the management.
(e) Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured.
Sales of Goods
Revenue is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of
ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer. Excise Duty included
in the amount of turnover (gross) are deducted from turnover (gross)
for disclosure of net turnover in the P&L account.
Interest
Revenue is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account
the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.
Dividends
Revenue is recognised when the company's right to receive payment is
established by the balance sheet date.
(f) Fixed Assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and
impairment losses. Cost comprises the purchase price and any
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
its intended use, net of CENVAT recoverable. Financing costs relating
to construction of fixed assets are also included to the extent they
relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.
Financing costs not relating to construction of fixed assets are
charged to the income statements.
(g) Foreign currency transactions
(i) Initial Recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency,
by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between
the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transaction.
(ii) Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
(iii) Exchange Differences
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on
reporting monetary items of company at rates different from those at
which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in
previous financial statements, are recognised as income or as expenses
in the year in which they arise.
(h) Investments
Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not
more than a year are classified as current investments. All other
investments are classified as long- term investments. Current
Investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on
an individual investment basis. Long term investments are carried at
cost, less provision for diminution in value other than temporary.
(i) Employee Benefits Gratuity
The Gratuity Liability is defined benefit obligation. The company has
created Employees Group Gratuity Fund which has taken a Group Gratuity
Insurance Policy from Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC).
Premium on above policy as intimated by LIC is charged to the Profit &
Loss Account. The adequacy of balances available is compared with
actuarial valuation obtained at the period end. Shortfall, if any, is
provided for in the Profit & Loss Account.
Provident Fund
Retirement benefits in the form of Provident fund is a defined
contribution scheme in which both employees and the Company make
monthly contributions at a specified percentage of the covered
employees' salary (currently 12% of employees' salary). The
contributions are charged to the profit and loss account of the year
when the contributions to the respective funds are due.
Leave Salary
The Company provides for the encashment of leave or leave with pay
subject to certain rules. The employees are entitled to accumulate
leave subject to certain limits, for future encashment. The liability
is provided based on the number of days of unutilised leave at each
balance sheet date.
(j) Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition,
construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised as
part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as
an expense in the period in which they are incurred.
(k) Segment Reporting
The company is engaged mainly in the business of automobile products.
These, in the context of Accounting Standard 17 on Segment Reporting,
as specified in the Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006, are
considered to constitute one single primary segment. Further, there is
no reportable secondary segment i.e. Geographical segment.
(l) Earning Per Share
Basic earning per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Partly
paid equity shares are treated as a fraction of an equity share to the
extent that they were entitled to participate in dividends relative to
a fully paid equity share during the reporting period.
(m) Income Taxes
Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the
year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax
Act, 1961.
Deferred tax is recognised, on timing differences, being the difference
between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one
period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.
(n) Intangible assets
Product Development Cost
Product Development Cost incurred on new vehicles platforms, variants
on existing platforms and new vehicles aggregates are recognized as
intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. These amounts
are amortized over sixty months from the commencement of commercial
production i.e. from June 1, 2009.
SAP Implementation Charges
Expenses incurred for implementation of SAP are recognized as
intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. The amounts are
amortized over sixty months from the implementation of SAP i.e. from
January 1, 2012
(o) Impairment
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
if there are impairment indicators. An impairment loss is recognized
wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable
amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the asset's net
selling price and value in use.
After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying
amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.
A previously recognised impairment loss is increased or decreased based
on reassessment of recoverable amount, which is carried out if the
change is significant. However the carrying value after reversal is
not increased beyond the carrying value that would have prevailed by
charging usual depreciation if there was no impairment.
(p) Provisions
A provision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provision are not discounted to its
present value and are determined based on best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at
each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best
estimates.
(q) Product Warranty Expenses
The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when
products are sold. These estimates are established using historical
information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty
claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidence
based on corrective actions on product failures. However any risk
covered by insurance policy premium paid on such policy are charged to
revenue in the year in which it is incurred.
Mar 31, 2011
(a) Basis of Preparation
The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material
respects with the standards notified under The Companies (Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2006 and the relevant provisions of the Companies
Act, 1956. The financial statements have been prepared under historical
cost convention on an accrual basis except in case of assets for which
provision for impairment is made. The accounting policies have been
consistently applied by the Company and except for the changes in
accounting policy discussed more fully below, are consistent with those
used in the previous year.
(b) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date
of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the period reported. Actual results could differ from
those estimated. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognised in
accordance with the requirements of the respective accounting standard.
(c) Inventories
Inventories are valued as follows:
Raw materials, components, stores and spares
Lower of cost or net realizable value. However, materials and other
items held for use in the production of inventories are not written
down below cost if the finished products in which they will be
incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost is
determined on a FIFO basis. Cost includes relevant cost of bringing
those material at their present location and condition.
Work-in-progress and finished goods
Lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes Direct Materials
and Labour and a proportion of Manufacturing Overheads based on normal
operating capacity or actual production whichever is less. Cost of
finished goods includes excise duty.
Net Realizable Value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary
course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated
costs necessary to make the sale.
(d) Events occurring after the balance sheet date
Material events occurring after the date of balance sheet are
recognized and are dealt with appropriately in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles and as provided in AS-5
(e) Depreciation
Depreciation is provided using the Straight Line Method as per the
rates prescribed under schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 except
in case of :
Leasehold Land - Amortised over the period of the lease.
Intangible Asset - Amortised over a period of 5 years as estimated by
the management.
(f) Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured.
Sales of Goods
Revenue is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of
ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer. Excise Duty included
in the amount of turnover (gross) are deducted from turnover (gross)
for disclosure of net turnover in the P&L account.
Interest
Revenue is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account
the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.
Dividends
Revenue is recognised when the companys right to receive payment is
established by the balance sheet date.
(g) Fixed Assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and
impairment losses. Cost comprises the purchase price and any
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
its intended use, net of CENVAT recoverable. Financing costs relating
to construction of fixed assets are also included to the extent they
relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.
Financing costs not relating to construction of fixed assets are
charged to the income statements.
(h) Foreign currency transactions
(i) Initial Recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency,
by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between
the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transaction.
(ii) Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
(iii) Exchange Differences
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on
reporting monetary items
of company at rates different from those at which they were initially
recorded during the year, or reported in previous financial statements,
are recognised as income or as expense in the year in which they arise.
(i) Investments
Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not
more than a year are classified as current investments. All other
investments are classified as long-term investments. Current
Investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on
an individual investment basis. Long term investments are carried at
cost, less provision for diminution in value other than temporary.
(j) Employee Benefits
Gratuity
The Gratuity Liability is defined benefit obligation. The company has
created Employees Group Gratuity Fund which has taken a Group Gratuity
Insurance Policy from Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC).
Premium on above policy as intimated by LIC is charged to the Profit &
Loss Account. The adequacy of balances available is compared with
actuarial valuation obtained at the period end. Shortfall, if any, is
provided for in the Profit & Loss Account.
Provident Fund
Retirement benefits in the form of Provident fund is a defined
contribution scheme in which both employees and the Company make
monthly contributions at a specified percentage of the covered
employees salary (currently 12% of employees salary). The
contribution are charged to the profit and loss account of the year
when the contribution to the respective funds are due.
Leave Salary
The Company provides for the encashment of leave or leave with pay
subject to certain rules. The employees are entitled to accumulate
leave subject to certain limits, for future encashment. The liability
is provided based on the number of days of unutilised leave at each
balance sheet date.
(k) Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition,
construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised as
part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as
an expense in the period in which they are incurred.
(l) Segment Reporting
The company is engaged mainly in the business of automobile products.
These, in the context of Accounting Standard 17 on Segment Reporting,
as specified in the Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006, are
considered to constitute one single primary segment. Further, there is
no reportable secondary segment i.e. Geographical segment.
(m) Earning Per Share
Basic earning per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Partly
paid equity shares are treated as a fraction of an equity share to the
extent that
they were entitled to participate in dividends relative to a fully paid
equity share during the reporting period.
(n) Income Taxes
Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the
year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax
Act, 1961.
Deferred tax is recognised, on timing differences, being the difference
between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one
period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.
(o) Intangible assets
Product Development Cost
Product Development Cost incurred on new vehicles platforms, variants
on existing platforms and new vehicles aggregates are recognized as
intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. These amounts
are amortized over sixty months from the commencement of commercial
production i.e. from June 1, 2009.
(p) Impairment
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
if there are impairment indicator. An impairment loss is recognized
wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable
amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the assets net
selling price and value in use.
After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying
amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.
A previously recognised impairment loss is increased or decreased based
on reassessment of recoverable amount, which is carried out if the
change is significant. However the carrying value after reversal is not
increased beyond the carrying value that would have prevailed by
charging usual depreciation if there was no impairment.
(q) Provisions
A provision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provision are not discounted to its
present value and are determined based on best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at
each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best
estimates.
(r) Product Warranty Expenses
The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when
products are sold. These estimates are established using historical
information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty
claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidence
based on corrective actions on product failures. However any risk
covered by insurance policy premium paid on such policy are charged to
revenue in the year in which it is incurred.
Mar 31, 2010
(a) Basis of Preparation
The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material
respects with the standards notified under The Companies (Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2006 and the relevant provisions of the Companies
Act, 1956. The financial statements have been prepared under historical
cost convention on an accrual basis except in case of assets for which
provision for impairment is made. The accounting policies have been
consistently applied by the Company and except for the changes in
accounting policy discussed more fully below, are consistent with those
used in the previous year.
(b) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date
of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the period reported. Actual results could differ from
those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognised in
accordance with the requirements of the respective accounting standard.
(c) Inventories
Inventories are valued as follows:
Raw materials, components, stores and spares
Lower of cost and net realizable value. However, materials and other
items held for use in the production of inventories are not written
down below cost if the finished products in which they will be
incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost is determ
-ined on a FIFO basis. Cost includes relevant cost of bringing those
material at their present location and condition.
Work in progress and finished goods
Lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes Direct Materials
and Labour and a proportion of Manufacturing Overheads based on normal
operating capacity or actual production whichever is less. Cost of
finished goods includes excise duty. Net Realizable Value is the
estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less
estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the
sale.
(d) Events occurring after balance date
Material events occurring after the date of balance sheet are
recognized and are dealt with app- ropriately in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles and as provided in AS-5
(e) Depreciation
Depreciation is provided using the Straight Line Method as per the at
the rates prescribed under schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956
except in case of :
Leasehold Land - amortised over the period of the lease
Intengible Asset - Amortised over a period of 5 years as estimated by
the management.
(f) Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured.
Sales of Goods
Revenue is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of
ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer. Excise Duty included
in the amount of turnover (gross) are deducted form turnover (gross)
for disclosure of net turnover in the P&L account.
Interest
Revenue is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account
the amount outstanding and the rate applicable
Dividends
Revenue is recognised when the shareholders right to receive payment
is established by the balance sheet date. Dividend form subsidiaries is
recognised even if same are declared after the balance sheet date but
pertains to period on or before the date of balance sheet as per the
requirement of schedule VI of the Companies Act, 1956.
(g) Fixed Assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and
impairment losses. Cost comprises the purchase price and any
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
its intended use, net of CENVAT recoverable. Financing costs relating
to construction of fixed assets are also included to the extent they
relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.
Financing costs not relating to construction of fixed assets are
charged to the income statements.
(h) Foreign currency transactions
(i) Initial Recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency,
by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between
the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transaction.
(ii) Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
(ii) Exchange Differences
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on
reporting monetary items of company at rates different from those at
which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in
previous financial statements, are recognised as income or as expenses
in the year in which they arise.
(i) Investments
Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not
more than a year are classified as current investments. All other
investments are classified as long-term investments. Current
Investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on
an individual investment basis. Long term investments are carried at
cost, less provision for diminution in value other than temporary.
(j) Employee Benefits
Gratuity
The Gratuity Liability is defined benefit obligation. The company has
created Employees Group Gratuity Fund which has taken a Group Gratuity
Insurance Policy from Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC).
Premium on above policy as intimated by LIC is charged to the Profit &
Loss Account. The adequacy of balances available is compared with
actuarial valuation obtained at the period end. Shortfall, if any, is
provided for in the Profit & Loss Account.
Provident Fund
Retirement benefits in the form of Provident fund is a defined
contribution scheme in which both employees and the Company make
monthly contributions at a specified percentage of the covered
employees salary (currently 12% of employees salary). The
contribution are charged to the profit and loss account of the year
when the contribution to the respective funds are due.
The Company provides for the encashment of leave or leave with pay
subject to certain rules. The employees are entitled to accumulate
leave subject to certain limits, for future encashment. The liability
is provided based on the number of days of unutilised leave at each
balance sheet date. (k) Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition,
construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised as
part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as
an expense in the period in which they are incurred.
(l) Segment Reporting
The company is engaged mainly in the business of automobile products.
These, in the context of Accounting Standard 17 on Segment Reporting,
as specified in the Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006, are
considered to constitute one single primary segment. Further, there is
no reportable secondary segment i.e. Geographical segment.
(m) Earning Per Share
Basic earning per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Partly
paid equity shares are treated as a fraction of an equity share to the
extent that they were entitled to participate in dividends relative to
a fully paid equity share during the reporting period.
(n) Income Taxes
Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the
year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax
Act, 1961.
Deferred tax is recognised, on timing differences, being the difference
between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one
period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.
(o) Intangible assets
Product Development Cost
Product Development Cost incurred on new vehicles platforms, variants
on existing platforms and new vehicles aggregates are recognized as
intangible assets and are included under fixed assets. These amounts
are amortized over sixty months from the commencement of commercial
production i.e. from June 1, 2009.
(p) Impairment
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
if there are impairment indicators. An impairment loss is recognized
wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable
amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the assets net
selling price and value in use.
After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying
amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.
A previously recognised impairment loss is increased or decreased based
on reassessment of recoverable amount, which is carried out if the
change is significant. However the carrying value after reversal is not
increased beyond the carrying value that would have prevailed by
charging usual depreciation if there was no impairment.
(q) Provisions
A provision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provision are not discounted to its
present value and are determined based on best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at
each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best
estimates.
(r) Product Warranty Expenses
The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when
products are sold. These estimates are established using historical
information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty
claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidence
based on corrective actions on product failures.
However any risk covered by insurance policy premium paid on such
policy are charged to revenue in the year in which it is incurred.
Provision for Litigation
Rs.3,06,69,142/- shown as advances receivable in cash or kind or for
value to be received under Loans and Advances unsecured, considered
good includes an amount of Rs.2,91,59,496/- due from a supplier against
whom suit for recovery of above dues and damages have been filed. Same
is pending before court. The supplier has also filed suit against the
company for Rs.11,17,29,796/-. The company has not made any provision
on account of this.