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Accounting Policies of Cals Refineries Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2016

1. Corporate information

Cals Refineries Limited (the Company) is a public company domiciled in India and incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 read with the General Circular 15/2013 dated 13th September 2013 of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs in respect of section 133 of Companies Act, 2013. Its shares are listed on Bombay Stock Exchange in India.

2. Significant accounting policies

a) Basis for preparation of financial statements

These financial statements have been prepared under historical cost convention from books of accounts maintained on an accrual basis (unless otherwise stated hereinafter) in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in India and comply with the Accounting Standards issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and referred to Sec 129 & 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, of India. The accounting policies applied by the company are consistent with those used in previous year.

On 16th February, 2016, the Ministry of Corporate affairs notified Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2016 along with new "Indian Accounting Standards". However, the said accounting standards shall be applicable on the Company from the period starting 01st April, 2017 onwards and hence no impact of the same has been given in these financial statements.

b) Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based upon management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from those estimates and revisions, if any, are recognized in the current and future periods.

c) Tangible Fixed assets and depreciation/amortization

(i) Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation/amortization. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

(ii) Fixed assets under construction and cost of assets not ready for use as at the year-end are disclosed as capital work-in-progress.

(iii) In respect of fixed assets acquired during the year, depreciation/ amortization is charged on a straight line basis so as to write off the cost of the assets over the useful lives and for the assets acquired prior to 1 April, 2014, the carrying amount as on 1 April, 2014 is depreciated over the remaining useful life based on an evaluation:

(iv) Assets costing less than Rs. 5,000 individually have been fully depreciated in the year of purchase. Obsolete assets have been discarded during the year.

(v) The estimated useful life of the intangible assets and the amortization period are reviewed at the end of each financial year and the amortization period is revised to reflect the changed pattern, if any.

d) Intangible Fixed assets and depreciation/amortization

Software costs relating to acquisition of initial software license fee and installation costs are capitalized in the year of purchase. Depreciation has been provided based on life assigned to each asset in accordance with Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.

e) Leases

Leases of assets under which significant risks and rewards of ownership are effectively retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Lease payments under an operating lease are recognized as expense in the "Statement of Profit and Loss" on a straight line basis over the lease term.

f) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs that are attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to the statement of profit and loss account as incurred.

g) Impairment of assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. If such recoverable amount of the asset or the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs is less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the "Statement of Profit and Loss". If at the balance sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost.

h) Revenue recognition

Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized when significant risk and rewards in respect of ownership of the goods are transferred to the customer. Revenue is stated net of trade discounts, rebates, sales return and sale tax or value added tax, where ever applicable.

i) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currency and non-monetary assets are accounted for at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. All monetary items denominated in foreign currency are converted at the year-end exchange rate. The exchange differences arising on such conversion and on settlement of the transactions are recognized income or as expense for the year.

j) Employee benefits

Expenses and liabilities in respect of employee benefits are recorded in accordance with Revised Accounting Standard 15 -Employee Benefits (Revised 2005)

i) Gratuity

Gratuity is a post employment benefit and is in the nature of a defined benefit plan. The liability recognized in the balance sheet in respect of gratuity is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date, together with adjustments for unrecognized actuarial gains or losses and past service costs. The defined benefit obligation is calculated at or near the balance sheet date by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method.

Actuarial gains and losses arising from past experience and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or credited to the "Statement of Profit and Loss" in the year in which such gains or losses are determined.

ii) Provident Fund

The Company makes contribution to statutory provident fund in accordance with Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provision Act, 1952 which is a defined contribution plan and contribution payable is recognized as an expense in the year in which services are rendered by the employee.

iii) Compensated absences

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12 months, is treated as short-term employee benefit. The company measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date.

The company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long-term employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the year-end. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to the statement of profit and loss and are not deferred.

iv) Other short term benefits

Expense in respect of other short-term benefits is recognized on the basis of the amount payable for the year during which services are rendered by the employee.

k) Taxation

Provision for tax comprises current income-tax and deferred tax. Current income-tax is determined in respect of taxable income with deferred tax being determined as the tax effect of timing differences representing the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period, and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent period(s). Such deferred tax is quantified using rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as at the end of the financial year.

l) Contingent liabilities and provisions

Depending upon the facts of each case and after due evaluation of legal aspects, claims against the Company not acknowledged as debts are treated as contingent liabilities. In respect of statutory dues disputed and contested by the Company, contingent liabilities are provided for and disclosed as per original demand without taking into account any interest or penalty that may accrue thereafter. The Company makes a provision when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event where the outflow of economic resources is probable and a reliable estimate of the amount of obligation can be made. Possible future or present obligations that may but will probably not require outflow of resources or where the same cannot be reliably estimated, have been disclosed as a contingent liability in the financial statements.

m) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of dilutive potential equity shares.


Mar 31, 2015

A) Basis for preparation of financial statements

These financial statements have been prepared under historical cost convention from books of accounts maintained on an accrual basis (unless otherwise stated hereinafter) in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in India and comply with the Accounting Standards issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and referred to Sec 129 & 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, of India. The accounting policies applied by the company are consistent with those used in previous year.

b) Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based upon management's best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from those estimates and revisions, if any, are recognized in the current and future periods.

c) Tangible Fixed assets and depreciation/amortisation

(i) Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation/amortisation. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

(ii) Fixed assets under construction and cost of assets not ready for use as at the year-end are disclosed as capital work-inprogress.

(iii) Expenses incurred relating to project prior to commencement of commercial production are classified as "Pre-operative expenses pending allocation" and are disclosed under Capital work in progress (net of income earned during the project development stage).

(iv) In respect of fixed assets acquired during the year, depreciation/ amortisation is charged on a straight line basis so as to write off the cost of the assets over the useful lives and for the assets acquired prior to 1 April, 2014, the carrying amount as on 1 April, 2014 is depreciated over the remaining useful life based on an evaluation:

Type of asset Useful life (Years)

Computers 3

Furniture and fixtures 10 Vehicles

* Motor Cycles 10

* Motor Cars 8

Office equipment 5

(v) Assets costing less than Rs. 5,000 individually have been fully depreciated in the year of purchase. Obsolete assets have been discarded during the year.

(vi) The estimated useful life of the intangible assets and the amortisation period are reviewed at the end of each financial year and the amortisation period is revised to reflect the changed pattern, if any.

d) Intangible Fixed assets and depreciation/amortisation

Software costs relating to acquisition of initial software license fee and installation costs are capitalized in the year of purchase. Depreciation has been provided based on life assigned to each asset in accordance with Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.

e) Leases

Leases of assets under which significant risks and rewards of ownership are effectively retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Lease payments under an operating lease are recognized as expense in the "Statement of Profit and Loss" on a straight line basis over the lease term.

f) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs that are attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to the statement of profit and loss account as incurred

g) Impairment of assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. If such recoverable amount of the asset or the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs is less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the "Statement of Profit and Loss". If at the balance sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost.

h) Revenue recognition

Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized when significant risk and rewards in respect of ownership of the goods are transferred to the customer. Revenue is stated net of trade discounts, rebates, sales return and sale tax or value added tax, where ever applicable

i) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currency and non-monetary assets are accounted for at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. All monetary items denominated in foreign currency are converted at the year-end exchange rate. The exchange differences arising on such conversion and on settlement of the transactions are recognized income or as expense for the year.

j) Employee benefits

Expenses and liabilities in respect of employee benefits are recorded in accordance with Revised Accounting Standard 15 -Employee Benefits (Revised 2005)

i) Gratuity

Gratuity is a post employment benefit and is in the nature of a defined benefit plan. The liability recognized in the balance sheet in respect of gratuity is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date, together with adjustments for unrecognized actuarial gains or losses and past service costs. The defined benefit obligation is calculated at or near the balance sheet date by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method.

Actuarial gains and losses arising from past experience and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or credited to the "Statement of Profit and Loss" in the year in which such gains or losses are determined.

ii) Provident Fund

The Company makes contribution to statutory provident fund in accordance with Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provision Act, 1952 which is a defined contribution plan and contribution payable is recognized as an expense in the year in which services are rendered by the employee.

iii) Compensated absences

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12 months, is treated as short-term employee benefit. The company measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date.

The company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long-term employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the year-end. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to the statement of profit and loss and are not deferred.

iv) Other short term benefits

Expense in respect of other short-term benefits is recognized on the basis of the amount payable for the year during which services are rendered by the employee.

k) Taxation

Provision for tax comprises current income-tax and deferred tax. Current income-tax is determined in respect of taxable income with deferred tax being determined as the tax effect of timing differences representing the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period, and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent period(s). Such deferred tax is quantified using rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as at the end of the financial year.

l) Contingent liabilities and provisions

Depending upon the facts of each case and after due evaluation of legal aspects, claims against the Company not acknowledged as debts are treated as contingent liabilities. In respect of statutory dues disputed and contested by the Company, contingent liabilities are provided for and disclosed as per original demand without taking into account any interest or penalty that may accrue thereafter. The Company makes a provision when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event where the outflow of economic resources is probable and a reliable estimate of the amount of obligation can be made. Possible future or present obligations that may but will probably not require outflow of resources or where the same cannot be reliably estimated, have been disclosed as a contingent liability in the financial statements.

m) Miscellaneous expenditure

Miscellaneous expenditure on account of increase in share capital and other related expenses are written off over a period of 5 years from the date of commencement of commercial production. Any reimbursements received from the depository are credited to "Miscellaneous expenditure" in the year such reimbursement is received. As there is no future benefits to be derived out of Unamortized Miscellaneous Expenditure, the same amount has been written off during the year.

n) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of dilutive potential equity shares.


Mar 31, 2014

A) Basis for preparation of financial statements

The financial statements of the company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in India (Indian GAAP). The company has prepared these financial statements to comply in all material respects with the accounting standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, (as amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 read with the General Circular 15/2013 dated 13th September 2013 of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs in respect of section 133 of Companies Act, 2013. The financial statements have been prepared on an accrual basis and under the historical cost convention.

The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of financial statements are consistent with those of previous year.

b) Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based upon management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from those estimates and revisions, if any, are recognized in the current and future periods.

c) Tangible Fixed assets and depreciation/amortization

(i) Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation/amortization. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

(ii) Fixed assets under construction and cost of assets not ready for use as at the year-end are disclosed as capital work-in- progress.

(iii) Expenses incurred relating to project prior to commencement of commercial production are classified as "Pre-operative expenses pending allocation" and are disclosed under Capital work in progress (net of income earned during the project development stage).

(iv) Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on straight-line method (except intangible assets which are amortized over the period of three years) on pro rata basis from the date of addition at the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 which are as under:

Asset category Rate of depreciation/amortization

Computers 16.21% p.a.

Office equipments 4.75% p.a.

Furniture and fixtures 6.33% p.a.

Vehicles 9.50% p.a.

Building 1.63% p.a.

Assets costing Rs. 5,000 or less are individually depreciated at the rate of one hundred percent. Obsolete assets have been discarded during the year.

d) Intangible Fixed assets and depreciation/amortization

Software costs relating to acquisition of initial software license fee and installation costs are capitalized in the year of purchase. Software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its useful life, which is considered to be of a period of three years.

e) Expenditure During Construction Period

Expenditure incurred during construction period which is directly or indirectly related to the project is included under Pre- operative Expenses and the same will be allocated to the respective Fixed Assets upon completion of construction.

f) Leases

Leases of assets under which significant risks and rewards of ownership are effectively retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Lease payments under an operating lease are recognized as expense in the "Statement of Profit and Loss" on a straight line basis over the lease term.

g) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs that are attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to the statement of profit and loss account as incurred

h) Impairment of assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. If such recoverable amount of the asset or the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs is less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the "Statement of Profit and Loss". If at the balance sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost.

i) Revenue recognition

Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized when significant risk and rewards in respect of ownership of the goods are transferred to the customer. Revenue is stated net of trade discounts, rebates, sales return and sale tax or value added tax, where ever applicable j) Foreign currency transactions Transactions in foreign currency and non-monetary assets are accounted for at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. All monetary items denominated in foreign currency are converted at the year-end exchange rate. The exchange differences arising on such conversion and on settlement of the transactions are recognized income or as expense for the year.

k) Employee benefits

Expenses and liabilities in respect of employee benefits are recorded in accordance with Revised Accounting Standard 15 - Employee Benefits (Revised 2005)

i) Gratuity

Gratuity is a post employment benefit and is in the nature of a defined benefit plan. The liability recognized in the balance sheet in respect of gratuity is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date, together with adjustments for unrecognized actuarial gains or losses and past service costs. The defined benefit obligation is calculated at or near the balance sheet date by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method.

Actuarial gains and losses arising from past experience and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or credited to the "Statement of Profit and Loss" in the year in which such gains or losses are determined.

ii) Provident Fund

The Company makes contribution to statutory provident fund in accordance with Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provision Act, 1952 which is a defined contribution plan and contribution payable is recognized as an expense in the year in which services are rendered by the employee.

iii) Compensated absences

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12 months, is treated as short-term employee benefit. The company measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date.

The company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long-term employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the year-end. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to the statement of profit and loss and are not deferred.

iv) Other short term benefits

Expense in respect of other short-term benefits is recognized on the basis of the amount payable for the year during which services are rendered by the employee.

l) Taxation

Provision for tax comprises current income-tax and deferred tax. Current income-tax is determined in respect of taxable income with deferred tax being determined as the tax effect of timing differences representing the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period, and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent period(s). Such deferred tax is quantified using rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as at the end of the financial year.

m) Contingent liabilities and provisions Depending upon the facts of each case and after due evaluation of legal aspects, claims against the Company not acknowledged as debts are treated as contingent liabilities. In respect of statutory dues disputed and contested by the Company, contingent liabilities are provided for and disclosed as per original demand without taking into account any interest or penalty that may accrue thereafter. The Company makes a provision when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event where the outflow of economic resources is probable and a reliable estimate of the amount of obligation can be made. Possible future or present obligations that may but will probably not require outflow of resources or where the same cannot be reliably estimated, have been disclosed as a contingent liability in the financial statements.

n) Miscellaneous expenditure

Miscellaneous expenditure on account of increase in share capital and other related expenses are written off over a period of 5 years from the date of commencement of commercial production. Any reimbursements received from the depository are credited to "Miscellaneous expenditure" in the year such reimbursement is received.

o) Earnings per share Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.


Mar 31, 2013

A) Basis for preparation of financial statements

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in India (Indian GAAP). The Company has prepared these financial statements to comply in all material respects with the accounting standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, (as amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements have been prepared on an accrual basis and under the historical cost convention. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of financial statements are consistent with those of previous year.

b) Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based upon management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from those estimates and revisions, if any, are recognized in the current and future periods.

c) Tangible Fixed assets and depreciation/amortisation

(i) Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation/amortisation. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

(ii) Fixed assets under construction and cost of assets not ready for use as at the year-end are disclosed as capital work- in-progress.

(iii) Expenses incurred relating to project prior to commencement of commercial production are classified as "Pre-operative expenses pending allocation" and are disclosed under Capital work in progress (net of income earned during the project development stage).

(iv) Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on straight-line method (except intangible assets which are amortised over the period of three years) on pro rata basis from the date of addition at the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 which are as under:

Assets costing Rs. 5,000 or less are individually depreciated at the rate of one hundred percent. Obsolete assets have been discarded during the year.

d) Intangible Fixed assets and depreciation/amortisation

Software costs relating to acquisition of initial software license fee and installation costs are capitalized in the year of purchase. Software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its useful life, which is considered to be of a period of three years.

e) Expenditure During Construction Period

Expenditure incurred during construction period which is directly or indirectly related to the project is included under Pre- operative Expenses and the same will be allocated to the respective Fixed Assets upon completion of construction.

f) Leases

Leases of assets under which significant risks and rewards of ownership are effectively retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Lease payments under an operating lease are recognized as expense in the "Statement of Profit and Loss" on a straight line basis over the lease term.

g) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs that are attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred

h) Impairment of assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. If such recoverable amount of the asset or the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs is less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the "Statement of Profit and Loss". If at the balance sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost.

i) Revenue recognition Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized when significant risk and rewards in respect of ownership of the goods are transferred to the customer. Revenue is stated net of trade discounts, rebates, sales return and sale tax or value added tax, where ever applicable.

j) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currency and non-monetary assets are accounted for at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. All monetary items denominated in foreign currency are converted at the year-end exchange rate. The exchange differences arising on such conversion and on settlement of the transactions are recognized income or as expense for the year.

k) Employee benefits

Expenses and liabilities in respect of employee benefits are recorded in accordance with Revised Accounting Standard 15 - Employee Benefits (Revised 2005)

i) Gratuity

Gratuity is a post employment benefit and is in the nature of a defined benefit plan. The liability recognized in the balance sheet in respect of gratuity is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date, together with adjustments for unrecognized actuarial gains or losses and past service costs. The defined benefit obligation is calculated at or near the balance sheet date by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method. Actuarial gains and losses arising from past experience and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or credited to the "Statement of Profit and Loss" in the year in which such gains or losses are determined.

ii) Provident Fund

The Company makes contribution to statutory provident fund in accordance with Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provision Act, 1952 which is a defined contribution plan and contribution payable is recognized as an expense in the year in which services are rendered by the employee.

iii) Compensated absences

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12 months, is treated as short-term employee benefit. The Company measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date.

The Company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long-term employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the year-end. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to the Statement of Profit and Loss and are not deferred.

iv) Other short term benefits

Expense in respect of other short-term benefits is recognized on the basis of the amount payable for the year during which services are rendered by the employee.

l) Taxation

Provision for tax comprises current income-tax and deferred tax. Current income-tax is determined in respect of taxable income with deferred tax being determined as the tax effect of timing differences representing the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period, and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent period(s). Such deferred tax is quantified using rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as at the end of the financial year.

m) Contingent liabilities and provisions

Depending upon the facts of each case and after due evaluation of legal aspects, claims against the Company not acknowledged as debts are treated as contingent liabilities. In respect of statutory dues disputed and contested by the Company, contingent liabilities are provided for and disclosed as per original demand without taking into account any interest or penalty that may accrue thereafter. The Company makes a provision when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event where the outflow of economic resources is probable and a reliable estimate of the amount of obligation can be made. Possible future or present obligations that may but will probably not require outflow of resources or where the same cannot be reliably estimated, have been disclosed as a contingent liability in the financial statements.

n) Miscellaneous expenditure

Miscellaneous expenditure on account of increase in share capital and other related expenses are written off over a period of 5 years from the date of commencement of commercial production. Any reimbursements received from the depository are credited to "Miscellaneous expenditure" in the year such reimbursement is received.

o) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of dilutive potential equity shares.


Mar 31, 2012

A) Basis for preparation of financial statements

The financial statements of the company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in India (Indian GAAP). The company has prepared these financial statements to comply in all material respects with the accounting standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, (as amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements have been prepared on an accrual basis and under the historical cost convention.

The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of financial statements are consistent with those of previous year, except for the change in accounting policy explained below.

During the year ended 31 March 2012, the revised Schedule VI notified under the Companies Act 1956, has become applicable to the company, for preparation and presentation of its financial statements. The adoption of revised Schedule VI does not impact recognition and measurement principles followed for preparation of financial statements. However, it has significant impact on presentation and disclosures made in the financial statements. The Company has also reclassified the previous year figures in accordance with the requirements applicable in the current year.

b) Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions, that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based upon management's best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from those estimates and revisions, if any, are recognized in the current and future periods.

c) Tangible Fixed assets and depreciation/amortisation

(i) Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation/amortisation. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

(ii) Fixed assets under construction and cost of assets not ready for use as at the year-end are disclosed as capital work-in-progress.

(iii) Expenses incurred relating to project prior to commencement of commercial production are classified as "Pre-operative expenses pending allocation" and are disclosed under Capital work in progress (net of income earned during the project development stage).

(iv) Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on straight-line method (except intangible assets which are amortised over the period of three years) on pro rata basis from the date of addition at the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 which are as under:

d) Tangible Fixed assets and depreciation/amortisation

Software costs relating to acquisition of initial software license fee and installation costs are capitalized in the year of purchase. Software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its useful life, which is considered to be of a period of three years.

e) Expenditure During Construction Period

Expenditure incurred during construction period which is directly or indirectly related to the project is included under Pre-operative Expenses and the same will be allocated to the respective Fixed Assets upon completion of construction.

f) Leases

Leases of assets under which significant risks and rewards of ownership are effectively retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Lease payments under an operating lease are recognized as expense in the "Statement of Profit and Loss" on a straight line basis over the lease term.

g) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs that are attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred

h) Impairment of assets

The Company assesses at each Balance Sheet date whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. If such recoverable amount of the asset or the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs is less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the "Statement of Profit and Loss". If at the Balance Sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost.

i) Revenue recognition

Interest income

Income from interest is accounted for on time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the applicable rate of interest

Dividends

Dividend income is recognized when the Company's right to receive dividend is established by the reporting date.

j) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currency and non-monetary assets are accounted for at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. All monetary items denominated in foreign currency are converted at the year-end exchange rate. The exchange differences arising on such conversion and on settlement of the transactions are recognized income or as expense for the year.

k) Employee benefits

Expenses and liabilities in respect of employee benefits are recorded in accordance with Revised Accounting Standard 15 - Employee Benefits (Revised 2005)

i) Gratuity

Gratuity is a post employment benefit and is in the nature of a defined benefit plan. The liability recognized in the Balance Sheet in respect of gratuity is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance Sheet date, together with adjustments for unrecognized actuarial gains or losses and past service costs. The defined benefit obligation is calculated at or near the Balance Sheet date by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method.

Actuarial gains and losses arising from past experience and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or credited to the "Statement of Profit and Loss" in the year in which such gains or losses are determined.

ii) Provident Fund

The Company makes contribution to statutory provident fund in accordance with Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provision Act, 1952 which is a defined contribution plan and contribution payable is recognized as an expense in the year in which services are rendered by the employee.

iii) Compensated absences

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12 months, is treated as short-term employee benefit. The company measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date.

The company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long-term employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the year-end. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to the statement of profit and loss and are not deferred.

iv) Other short term benefits

Expense in respect of other short-term benefits is recognized on the basis of the amount payable for the year during which services are rendered by the employee. l) Taxation

Provision for tax comprises current income-tax and deferred tax. Current income-tax is determined in respect of taxable income with deferred tax being determined as the tax effect of timing differences representing the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period, and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent period(s). Such deferred tax is quantified using rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as at the end of the financial year.

m) Contingent liabilities and provisions

Depending upon the facts of each case and after due evaluation of legal aspects, claims against the Company not acknowledged as debts are treated as contingent liabilities. In respect of statutory dues disputed and contested by the Company, contingent liabilities are provided for and disclosed as per original demand without taking into account any interest or penalty that may accrue thereafter. The Company makes a provision when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event where the outflow of economic resources is probable and a reliable estimate of the amount of obligation can be made. Possible future or present obligations that may, but will probably not require outflow of resources or where the same cannot be reliably estimated, have been disclosed as a contingent liability in the financial statements.

n) Miscellaneous expenditure

Miscellaneous expenditure on account of increase in share capital and other related expenses are written off over a period of 5 years from the date of commencement of commercial production. Any reimbursements received from the depository are credited to "Miscellaneous expenditure" in the year such reimbursement is received.

o) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of dilutive potential equity shares.


Mar 31, 2011

1. Basis for preparation of financial statements

The financial statements are prepared under historical cost convention, on accrual basis, in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India and to comply with the Accounting Standards prescribed in the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 issued by the Central Government in exercise of the power conferred under sub-section (1) (a) of Section 642 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 ("the Act").

2. Use of Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting periods. Although these estimates are based upon management's best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from those estimates and revisions, if any, are recognized in the current and future periods.

3. Fixed Assets and Depreciation/Amortisation

(i) Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation/amortisation. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

(ii) Fixed assets under construction, advances paid towards acquisition of fixed assets and cost of assets not ready for use as at the year- end, are disclosed as capital work-in- progress.

(iii) Expenses incurred relating to project prior to commencement of commercial production are classified as "Pre-operative expenses pending allocation" and are disclosed under Capital work in progress (net of income earned during the project development stage).

(iv) Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on straightline method (except intangible assets which are amortised over the period of three years) on pro rata basis from the date of addition at the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 which are as under:

Asset category Rate of Depreciation/ Amortization

Computers 16.21% p.a.

Office equipments 4.75% p.a.

Furniture and fixtures 6.33% p.a.

Vehicles 9.50% p.a.

Building 1.63% p.a.

Leasehold improvements Over the period of lease or estimated useful life, if shorter

Assets costing Rs. 5,000 or less are individually depreciated at the rate of one hundred percent.

4. Revenue Recognition

Interest income

Income from interest is accounted for on time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the applicable rate of interest.

5. Taxation

Provision for tax comprises current income tax and deferred tax. Current income tax is determined in respect of taxable income with deferred tax being determined as the tax effect of timing differences representing the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period, and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent period(s). Such deferred tax is quantified using rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as at the end of the financial year.

6. Foreign Currency Transactions

Transactions in foreign currency and non monetary assets are accounted for at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. All monetary items denominated in foreign currency are converted at the year end exchange rate. The exchange differences arising on such conversion and on settlement of the transactions are recognized in the "Pre-operative expenses pending allocation" account.

7. Employee Benefits

Expenses and liabilities in respect of employee benefits are recorded in accordance with Revised Accounting Standard 15 - Employee Benefits (Revised 2005)

i) Gratuity

Gratuity is a post employment benefit and is in the nature of a defined benefit plan. The liability recognized in the balance sheet in respect of gratuity is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date, together with adjustments for unrecognized actuarial gains or losses and past service costs. The defined benefit obligation is calculated at or near the balance sheet date by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method.

Actuarial gains and losses arising from past experience and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or credited to the "Pre-operative expenses pending allocation account" in the year in which such gains or losses are determined.

ii) Provident Fund

The Company makes contribution to statutory provident fund in accordance with Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provision Act, 1952 which is a defined contribution plan and contribution payable is recognized as an expense in the period in which services are rendered by the employee.

iii) Compensated Absences

Liability in respect of compensated absences becoming due or expected to be availed within one year from the balance sheet date is recognized on the basis of undiscounted value of estimated amount required to be paid or estimated value of benefit expected to be availed by the employees. Liability in respect of compensated absences becoming due or expected to be availed more than one year after the balance sheet date is estimated on the basis of an actuarial valuation performed by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method.

iv) Other short term benefits

Expense in respect of other short term benefits is recognized on the basis of the amount payable for the period during which services are rendered by the employee.

8. Leases

Leases of assets under which significant risks and rewards of ownership are effectively retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Lease payments under an operating lease are recognized as expense in the "Pre-operative expenses pending allocation account" on a straight line basis over the lease term.

9. Impairment of Assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. If such recoverable amount of the asset or the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs is less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the Profit and Loss Account. If at the balance sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost.

10. Contingent Liabilities and Provisions

Depending upon the facts of each case and after due evaluation of legal aspects, claims against the Company not acknowledged as debts are treated as contingent liabilities. In respect of statutory dues disputed and contested by the Company, contingent liabilities are provided for and disclosed as per original demand without taking into account any interest or penalty that may accrue thereafter. The Company makes a provision when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event where the outflow of economic resources is probable and a reliable estimate of the amount of obligation can be made. Possible future or present obligations that may but will probably not require outflow of resources or where the same cannot be reliably estimated, have been disclosed as a contingent liability in the financial statements.

11. Miscellaneous Expenditure

Miscellaneous expenditure on account of increase in share capital and other related expenses are written off over a period of 5 years from the date of commencement of commercial production. Any reimbursements received from the depository are credited to "Miscellaneous expenditure" in the year such reimbursement is received.

12. Borrowing Costs

Borrowing costs that are attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalised as part of the cost of such assets. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to the profit and loss account as incurred

13. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of dilutive potential equity shares.


Mar 31, 2010

1. Basis for preparation of financial statements

The financial statements are prepared under historical cost convention, on accrual basis, in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India and to comply with the Accounting Standards prescribed in the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 issued by the Central Government in exercise of the power conferred under sub-section (1) (a) of section 642 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 ("the Act").

2. Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting periods. Although these estimates are based upon managements best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from those estimates and revisions, if any, are recognized in the current and future periods,

3. Fixed Assets and Depreciation/Amortisation

(i) Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation/amortisation. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

(ii) Fixed assets under construction, advances paid towards acquisition of fixed assets and cost of assets not ready for use as at the year- end, are disclosed as capital work-in- progress.

(iii) Expenses incurred relating to project prior to commencement of commercial production are classified as "Pre-operative expenses pending allocation" and are disclosed under Capital work in progress (net of income earned during the project development stage).

(iv) Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on straight-line method (except intangible assets

which are amortised over the period of three years) on pro rata basis from the date of addition at the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 which are as under:

Asset category Rate of Depreciation/ Amortization Computers 16.21% p.a. Office equipments 4.75% p.a. Furniture and fixtures 6.33% p.a. Vehicles 9.50% p.a. Building 1.63% p.a. Leasehold improvements Over the period of lease or estimated useful life, if shorter

Assets costing Rs. 5,000 or less are individually depreciated at the rate of one hundred percent.

4. Revenue recognition

Interest income

Income from interest is accounted for on time proportion basis takingrinto account the amount outstanding and the applicable rate of interest

5. Taxation

Provision for tax comprises current income-tax and deferred tax. Current income-tax is determined in respect of taxable income with deferred tax being determined as the tax effect of timing differences representing the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period, and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent period(s). Such deferred tax is quantified using rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as at the end of the financial year.

6. Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currency and non-monetary assets are accounted for at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. All monetary items denominated in foreign currency are . converted at the year-end exchange rate. The exchange differences arising on such conversion and on settlement of the transactions are recognized in the "Pre-operative expenses pending allocation" account.

7. Employee benefits

Expenses and liabilities in respect of employee benefits are recorded in accordance with Revised Accounting Standard 15 - Employee Benefits (Revised 2005)

i) Gratuity

Gratuity is a post employment benefit and is in the nature of a defined benefit plan. The liability recognized in the balance sheet in respect of gratuity is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date less the fair value of plan assets, together with adjustments for unrecognized actuarial gains or losses and past service costs. The defined benefit obligation is calculated at or near the balance sheet date by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method.

Actuarial gains and losses arising from past experience and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or credited to the "Pre-operative expenses pending allocation account" in the year in which such gains or losses are determined.

ii) Provident Fund

The Company makes contribution to statutory provident fund in accordance with Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provision Act, 1952 which is a defined contribution plan and contribution payable is recognized as an expense in the period in which services are rendered by the employee.

iii) Compensated absences

Liability in respect of compensated absences becoming due or expected to be availed within one year from the balance sheet date is recognized on the basis of undiscounted value of estimated amount required to be paid or estimated value of benefit expected to be availed by the employees. Liability in respect of compensated absences becoming due or expected to be availed more than one year after the balance sheet date is estimated on the basis of an actuarial valuation performed by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method.

iv) Other short term benefits

Expense in respect of other short-term benefits is recognized on the basis of the amount payable for the period during which services are rendered by the employee.

8. Leases

Leases of assets under which significant risks and rewards of ownership are effectively retained by the lessor are classified as bperating leases. Lease payments under an operating lease are recognized as expense in the "pre-operative expenses pending allocation account" on a straight line basis over the lease term.

9. Impairment of Assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. If such recoverable amount-of the asset or the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs is less than its carrying amount, the carrying amoifnt is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the Profit and Loss Account. If at the balance sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost.

10. Contingent Liabilities and Provisions

Depending upon the facts of each case and after due evaluation of legal aspects, claims against the Company not acknowledged as debts are treated as contingent liabilities. In respect of statutory dues disputed and contested by the Company, contingent liabilities are provided for and disclosed as per original demand without taking into account any interest or penalty that may accrue thereafter. The Company makes a provision when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event where the outflow of economic resources is probable and a reliable estimate of the amount of obligation can be made. Possible future or present obligations that may but will probably not require outflow of

resources or where the same cannot be reliably estimated, has been disclosed as a contingent liability in the financial statements.

11. Miscellaneous Expenditure

Miscellaneous expenditure on account of increase in share capital and other related expenses are written off over a period of 5 years from the date of commencement of commercial production. Any reimbursements received from the depository are credited to "Miscellaneous expenditure" in the year such reimbursement is received.

12. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of dilutive potential equity shares.

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