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Accounting Policies of DCM Shriram Industries Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2018

1A. Significant accounting policies

a) Operating Cycle

Based on the nature of products/ activities of the Company and the normal time between acquisition of assets and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents, the Company has determined its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of classification of its assets and liabilities as current and non-current.

b) Property, plant and equipment

(i) Recognition and measurement

All items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost, which includes capitalized borrowing costs, less accumulated depreciation/ amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Cost of acquisition or construction of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price including import duties and non-refundable purchase taxes after deducting trade discounts and rebates, any directly attributable cost of bringing the item to its working condition for its intended use. The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision are met. Capital work-in-progress is stated at cost, net of impairment loss, if any.

The cost of self-constructed assets includes the cost of materials and direct labour, any other costs directly attributable to bringing the assets to a working condition and location for their intended use, and the estimated cost of dismantling and removing the items and restoring the site on which they are located.

When parts of an item of property, plant and equipment having significant cost have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment. Any gain or loss arising on de-recognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognized.

The carrying amount of an item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised on disposal or when no further benefit is expected from its use and disposal. Assets retired from active use and held for disposal are generally stated at the lower of their net book value and net realizable value. Any gain or losses arising on disposal of property, plant and equipment is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Once classified as held-for-sale, property, plant and equipment are no longer depreciated.

Gains or losses arising from de-recognition of property, plant and equipment are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognized.

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

(ii) Transition to Ind AS

The Company has elected to avail the option under Ind AS 101 by not applying the provisions of Ind AS 16 retrospectively and continue to use the Previous GAAP carrying amount as the deemed cost under Ind AS on the date of transition to Ind AS. Therefore, the Previous GAAP carrying amounts of items of property, plant and equipment as at April 1, 2016 (the Company’s date of transition to Ind AS) have been considered as the carrying amounts under Ind AS on April 1, 2016. Refer Note 48.

(iii) Subsequent Expenditure

Subsequent expenditure is recognized as an increase in the carrying amount of the asset when it is probable that future economic benefits deriving from the cost incurred will flow to the enterprise and the cost of the item can be measured.

(iv) Depreciation

Depreciation is provided on a pro-rata basis using the straight-line method as per the useful lives prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.. Assets costing up to Rs. 0.05 lakhs are fully depreciated in the year of purchase. No depreciation is provided on assets sold, discarded, etc. during the year.

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed in each financial year, and changes, if any, are accounted for prospectively.

c) Intangible assets

(i) Recognition and initial measurement

Intangible assets comprise computer software. Intangible assets that are acquired by the Company are measured at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. Cost includes any directly attributable incidental expenses necessary to make the assets ready for its intended use.

An intangible asset is derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset, measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.

(ii) Transition to Ind AS

On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its intangible assets recognized as at April 1, 2016, measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of such intangible assets (refer note 48).

(iii) Subsequent Expenditure

Subsequent expenditure is capitalized only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure is recognized in profit or loss as incurred.

(iv) Amortisation

Intangible assets, being computer software are amortised in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the estimated useful life of 5 years using the straight line method.

The amortisation method and the useful lives of intangible assets are reviewed annually and adjusted as necessary.

d) Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is ascertained on a ‘weighted average’ basis. Cost comprises of raw material cost, appropriate share of labour, and overheads incurred in bringing them to their present location and condition. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

e) Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is being made. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment and excluding taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government.

However, sales tax/ value added tax (VAT)/ Goods and Services Tax (GST) is not received by the Company on its own account. Rather, it is tax collected on value added to the commodity by the seller on behalf of the government. Accordingly, it is excluded from revenue.

The specific recognition criteria described below must also be met before revenue is recognized.

Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer, usually on dispatch of the goods. Revenue from the sale of goods is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, inclusive of excise duty and exclusive of Goods and Services tax (GST), Sales Tax, Value Added Taxes (VAT) and is net of returns, allowances, trade discounts and volume rebates.

Revenue is recognized;

- when the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer,

- recovery of the consideration is probable,

- the associated costs and possible return of goods can be estimated reliably,

- there is no continuing effective control over, or managerial involvement with, the goods, and

- the amount of revenue can be measured reliably.

The timing of transfers of risks and rewards varies depending on the individual terms of sale. Rendering of services

Revenue from services rendered is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in proportion to the stage of completion of the transaction at the reporting date. The stage of completion is assessed by reference to surveys of work performed.

Interest income

For all debt instruments measured either at amortized cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income, interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR). EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset or to the amortized cost of a financial liability. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example, prepayment, extension, call and similar options) but does not consider the expected credit losses. Interest income is included in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Dividends

Revenue is recognized when the Company’s right to receive the payment is established.

Sale of Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) is recognised as income on delivery of the RECs to customer’s account as evidenced by confirmation of delivery instructions.

f) Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. It is recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss except to the extent that it relates to a business combination, or items recognised directly in equity or in Other Comprehensive Income (OCI).

- Current tax comprises the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year and any adjustment to the tax payable or receivable in respect of previous years. The amount of current tax payable or receivable is the best estimate of the tax amount expected to be paid or received after considering uncertainty related to income taxes, if any. It is measured using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Current tax assets and liabilities are offset only if there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts, and it is intended to realise the asset and settle the liability on a net basis or simultaneously.

- Deferred tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is not recognised for:

- temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that effects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction;

- temporary differences related to freehold land and investments in subsidiaries, to the extent that the Company is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences and it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future; and

- taxable temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of goodwill.

Deferred tax assets (DTA) include Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax laws in India, which is likely to give future economic benefits in the form of availability of set off against future income tax liability.

Deferred tax assets are recognised for unused tax losses, unused tax credits and deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be used. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be used. Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on the laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. The measurement of deferred tax reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts, and it is intended to realise the asset and settle the liability on a net basis or simultaneously

g) Employee benefits

i) Short-term benefits

All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of receiving employee services are classified as short-term employee benefits. These benefits include salaries and wages, bonus and ex-gratia. Short-term employee benefit obligations are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability is recognized for the amount expected to be paid, if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay the amount as a result of past service provided by the employee, and the amount of obligation can be estimated reliably.

ii) Defined contribution plans

The defined contribution plans i.e. provident fund, superannuation fund and employees’ pension scheme are post-employment benefit plans under which a Company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and will have no legal and constructive obligation to pay further amounts. Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised as an employee benefit expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss when they are due. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in future payments is available. Contributions to a defined contribution plan that are due more than 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the service are discounted to their present value.

iii) Defined benefit plans

A defined benefit plan is a post-employment benefit plan other than a defined contribution plan. The Company’s net obligation in respect of defined benefit plans is calculated separately for each plan by estimating the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in the current and prior periods, discounting that amount and deducting the fair value of any plan assets.

Gratuity

The Company provides for gratuity, a defined benefit plan (the Gratuity Plan) covering all eligible employees. In accordance with the payment of Gratuity Act, 1972, the Gratuity plan provides a lump sum payment to vested employees on retirement, death, incapacitation or termination of employment.

These are funded by the Company and are managed by LIC.

The calculation of defined benefit obligation is performed by a qualified actuary separately for each plan using the projected unit credit method, which recognises each year of service as giving rise to additional unit of employee benefit entitlement and measures each unit separately to build up the final obligation.

The obligation is measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows. The discount rate used for determining the present value of obligation under defined benefit plans, is based on the market yields on Government securities as at the balance sheet date, having maturity periods approximating to the terms of related obligations.

Remeasurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognised immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Re-measurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

The Company determines the net interest expense (income) on the net defined benefit liability (asset) for the period by applying the discount rate used to measure the defined benefit obligation at the beginning of the annual period to the then-net defined benefit liability (asset), taking into account any changes in the net defined benefit liability (asset) during the period as a result of contributions and benefit payments. Net interest expense and other expenses related to defined benefit plans are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

iv) Other long-term employee benefits

Benefits under the Company’s privilege leaves and medical leave are other long term employee benefits. The Company’s net obligation in respect of privilege leave and medical leave are the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in return for their service in the current and prior periods. The benefit is discounted to determine its present value. The obligation is measured on the basis of an actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method.

Re-measurements are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise.

h) Government Grants

Grants from the government are recognised at their fair value where there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the Company will comply with all attached conditions.

Government grants relating to income are deferred and recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the period necessary to match them with the costs that they are intended to compensate and presented within other income other than export benefits which are accounted for in the year of exports based on eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.

Government grants relating to the purchase of property, plant and equipment are included in noncurrent liabilities as deferred income and are credited to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the expected lives of the related assets and presented within other income.

i) Foreign currency transactions and translation

The management has determined the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates i.e., functional currency, to be Indian Rupees (INR). The financial statements are presented in INR which is Company’s functional and presentational currency.

Monetary and non-monetary transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded in the functional currency of the Company at the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions or at an average rate if the average rate approximates the actual rate at the date of the transaction.

Monetary foreign currency assets and liabilities remaining unsettled on reporting date are translated at the rates of exchange prevailing on reporting date. Gains/ (losses) arising on account of realisation/ settlement of foreign exchange transactions and on translation of monetary foreign currency assets and liabilities are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Non-monetary items measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.

The derivative financial instruments such as forward exchange contracts to hedge its risk associated with foreign currency fluctuations are stated at fair value. Any gains or losses arising from changes in fair value are taken directly to Statement of Profit or Loss.

j) Impairment of non-financial assets

The carrying amounts of the Company’s non-financial assets are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment considering the provisions of Ind AS 36 ‘Impairment of Assets’. If any such indication exists, then the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated.

The recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. For the purpose of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested individually are grouped together into the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or groups of assets (the “cash-generating unit”, or “CGU”).

An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or its CGU exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Impairment losses recognized in respect of CGUs are reduced from the carrying amounts of the assets of the CGU.

An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized.

k) Provisions and contingent liabilities

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

Provisions are measured at management’s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period., If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.

Contingent liabilities are possible obligations that arise from past events and whose existence will only be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more future events not wholly within the control of the Company. Where it is not probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required, or the amount cannot be estimated reliably, the obligation is disclosed as a contingent liability, unless the probability of outflow of economic benefits is remote.

l) Borrowing cost

Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or erection of qualifying assets are capitalised as part of cost of such asset until such time that the assets are substantially ready for their intended use. Qualifying assets are assets which take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.

When the Company borrows funds specifically for the purpose of obtaining a qualifying asset, the borrowing costs incurred are capitalized. When Company borrows funds generally and uses them for the purpose of obtaining a qualifying asset, the capitalization of the borrowing costs is computed based on the weighted average cost of general borrowing that are outstanding during the period and used for the acquisition of the qualifying asset.

Capitalisation of borrowing costs ceases when substantially all the activities necessary to prepare the qualifying assets for their intended uses are complete. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds. Borrowing costs include exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs.

All other borrowing costs are recognised as an expense in the year in which they are incurred. m) Leases

At the inception of each lease, the lease arrangement is classified as either a finance lease or an operating lease, based on the substance of the lease arrangement.

Finance leases

Assets leased by the Company in its capacity as lessee where substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership vest in the Company are classified as finance leases. A finance lease is recognized as an asset and a liability at the commencement of the lease, at the lower of the fair value of the asset and the present value of the minimum lease payments. Minimum lease payments made under finance leases are apportioned between the finance expense and the reduction of the outstanding liability. The finance expense is allocated to each period during the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability

Operating leases

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are not transferred to the Company as lessee are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases (net of any incentives received from the lessor) are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease unless the payments are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the lessor’s expected inflationary cost increases.

n) Earnings per share (EPS)

Basic earnings / (loss) per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to the shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding at the end of the reporting period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year is adjusted for events of bonus / rights issue, if any, that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earning per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

o) Segment reporting

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM).

In accordance with Ind AS 108 - “Operating Segments”, the operating segments used to present segment information are identified on the basis of internal reports used by the Company’s Management to allocate resources to the segments and assess their performance.

The Executive Committee, comprising of Chairman and Managing Director, Whole Time Directors, Business Heads, Chief Financial Officer and Company Secretary is collectively the Company’s ‘Chief Operating Decision Maker’ or ‘CODM’ within the meaning of Ind AS 108. All operating segments’ operating results are reviewed regularly by the CODM to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segments and assess their performance. Refer Note 39 for segment information.

p) Financial instruments

A number of the accounting policies and disclosures require measurement of fair values, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.

Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:

Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).

Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

The Company has an established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values. It regularly reviews significant inputs and valuation adjustments.

When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses observable market data as far as possible. If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorised in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.

The Company recognises transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the reporting period during which the change has occurred.

Further information about the assumptions made in measuring fair values used in preparing these financial statements is included in the respective notes.

Impairment of financial assets

The Company recognizes loss allowances for expected credit losses on:

- Financial assets measured at amortized cost; and

- Financial assets measured at FVOCI-debt instruments.

At each reporting date, the Company assesses whether financial assets carried at amortized cost and debt instruments at FVOCI are credit-impaired. A financial asset is ‘credit-impaired’ when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset have occurred.

q) Cash and cash equivalents

For the purpose of presentation in the Statement of Cash Flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the balance sheet.

r) Research and development

Expenditure on research and development activities is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred.

Development expenditure is capitalized as part of cost of the resulting intangible asset only if the expenditure can be measured reliably, the product or process is technically and commercially feasible, future economic benefits are probable, and the Company intends to and has sufficient resources to complete development and to use or sell the asset. Otherwise, it is recognized in profit or loss as incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, the asset is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses, if any.

s) Recent accounting pronouncements

A. Ind AS 115- Revenue from Contract with Customers: On March 28, 2018, Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) has notified the Ind AS 115, Revenue from Contract with Customers. Key aspects are as follow:

i. Sales of goods

For the sale of products, revenue is currently recognised when the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred which generally coincides with dispatch of goods. Revenue is recognised at this point provided that the revenue and costs can be measured reliably, the recovery of the consideration is probable and there is no continuing management involvement with the goods.

Under Ind AS 115, revenue will be recognised when a customer obtains control of the goods.

For certain contracts that permit the customer to return an item, revenue is currently recognised when a reasonable estimate of the returns can be made, provided that all other criteria for revenue recognition are met. If a reasonable estimate cannot be made, then revenue recognition is deferred until the return period lapses or a reasonable estimate of returns can be made.

Under Ind AS 115, revenue will be recognised for these contracts to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not occur. As a consequence, for those contracts for which the Company is unable to make a reasonable estimate of return, revenue is expected to be recognised sooner than when the return period lapses or a reasonable estimate can be made. A refund liability and an asset for recovery will be recognised for these contracts and presented separately in the balance sheet.

ii. Rendering of services

The Company is also in the business of undertaking Job work as well as performing related services. If the services under a single arrangement are rendered in different reporting periods, then the consideration is allocated on a relative fair value basis between the different services. Revenue is currently recognised using the stage-of-completion method.

Under Ind AS 115, the total consideration in the service contracts will be allocated to all services based on their stand-alone selling prices. The stand-alone selling prices will be determined based on the list prices at which the Company sells the services in separate transactions.

iii. Transition

The Company plans to apply Ind AS 115 using the cumulative effect method, with the effect of initially applying this standard recognised at the date of initial application (i.e. April 1, 2018) in retained earnings. As a result, the Company will not present relevant individual line items appearing under comparative period presentation.

B. Appendix B to Ind AS 21, Foreign currency transactions and advance consideration:

On March 28, 2018, Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) has notified the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2018 containing Appendix B to Ind AS 21, Foreign currency transactions and advance consideration which clarifies the date of the transaction for the purpose of determining the exchange rate to use on initial recognition of the related asset, expense or income, when an entity has received or paid advance consideration in a foreign currency.

The amendment has come into force from April 1, 2018.


Mar 31, 2017

a) Basis of accounting and preparation of financial statements

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 and the relevant provisions of the 1956 Act / 2013 Act, as applicable. The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical cost convention as modified to include the revaluation of certain fixed assets up to March 31, 2016 (Refer note 45). The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the previous year.

b) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires management to make prudent and reasonable estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of financial statements and the results of operations during the year. Differences between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the year in which the results are known or materialized.

c) Fixed assets

i) Owned assets

All fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction including taxes and other incidental expenses related to acquisition, installation cost, etc. except for certain fixed assets which are revalued and are, therefore, stated at their revalued book values. Financing costs (up to the date the assets are ready for their intended use) relating to borrowed funds or deferred credits attributable to acquisition or construction of fixed assets are included in the gross book value of fixed assets to which they relate (Refer note 45).

ii) Impairment of fixed assets

Consideration is given at each balance sheet date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment of the carrying amount of the fixed assets. If any indication exists, the related asset''s recoverable amount is estimated and an impairment loss is recognized, if the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of net selling price and value in use which is determined by discounting the estimated future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor.

d) Depreciation and amortization

i) Depreciable amount for assets is the cost of an asset, or other amount substituted for cost, less its estimated residual value.

Depreciation on tangible fixed assets is provided on the straight-line method as per the useful life prescribed in the Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.

Amortization of intangible fixed assets, being computer software is done on straight line method over 5 years.

ii) Depreciation is calculated on a pro-rata basis in respect of additions having a cost in excess of Rs. 5000. Assets costing upto Rs. 5000 are fully depreciated in the year of purchase. No depreciation is provided on assets sold, discarded, etc. during the year.

iii) In respect of revalued assets, an amount equivalent to the additional charge arising due to revaluation is transferred from the Revaluation reserve to General Reserve (Refer note 45).

iv) No write-off is made in respect of leasehold land in case of long term lease.

e) Investments

Long term investments are stated at cost as reduced by amounts written off / provision made for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are stated at cost or fair value, whichever is lower.

f) Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of inventories is ascertained on a ‘weighted average'' basis. In the case of finished goods and process stocks, appropriate share of labour, overheads and excise duty is included.

g) Research and development

Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged as an expense in the year in which it is incurred and the capital expenditure is included in fixed assets.

h) Government Grants, subsidies and export benefits

Government grants and subsidies are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the same will be received. Government grants and subsidies are recognized as income and / or as reduction of cost over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are intended to compensate, on a systematic basis.

Export benefits are accounted for in the year of exports based on eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.

i) Employee benefits

Provision for employee benefits charged on accrual basis is determined based on Accounting Standard (AS) 15 (Revised) "Employee Benefits" as specified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013.

i) Contributions to the provident fund, gratuity fund and superannuation fund are charged to the statement of profit and loss.

ii) Gratuity liability determined at balance sheet date on an actuarial basis is provided to the extent not covered by the funds available in the gratuity fund. Excess funding, if any, is recognized as an asset.

iii) Provision for privilege and medical leave salary is determined on actuarial basis.

iv) Provision for casual leave is determined on arithmetical basis.

v) Actuarial gains / losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit & Loss. j) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.

Monetary items denominated in foreign currency are reported using the closing exchange rates on the date of the balance sheet.

The exchange differences arising on settlement of monetary items or on reporting these items at the rates different from the rates at which these were initially recorded / reported in previous financial statements, are recognized as income / expense in the year in which they arise.

In the case of forward exchange contracts, the premium or discount, arising at the inception of such contracts is amortized as income or expense over the life of the contract and the exchange differences on such contracts, i.e., differences between the exchange rates at the reporting/ settlement date and the exchange rates on the date of inception of contract/ the last reporting date, is recognized as income / expense for the year.

k) Revenue recognition

Sale of goods is recognized, net of returns and trade discounts on the transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer which generally coincides with the dispatch of goods to customers. Gross sales are inclusive of excise duty and net of value added tax / sales tax.

Sale of Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) is recognized as income on delivery of the RECs to customer''s account as evidenced by confirmation of delivery instructions.

Other income includes interest income accounted on time - proportion basis and dividend income accounted for as and when the right to receive the payment is established.

l) Income-tax

Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid is recognized as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it is highly probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company.

Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. In respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses and items relating to capital losses, deferred tax assets are recognized based on virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized.

m) Operating Cycle

Based on the nature of products / activities of the Company and the normal time between acquisition of assets and their realization in cash or cash equivalents, the Company has determined its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of classification of its assets and liabilities as current and non-current.


Mar 31, 2016

a) Basis of accounting and preparation of financial statements

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 and the relevant provisions of the 1956 Act / 2013 Act, as applicable. The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical cost convention, as modified to include the revaluation of certain fixed assets. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the previous year.

b) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires management to make prudent and reasonable estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of financial statements and the results of operations during the year. Differences between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the year in which the results are known or materialized.

c) Fixed assets

i) Owned assets

All fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction including taxes and other incidental expenses related to acquisition, installation cost, except for certain assets which are revalued and are, therefore, stated at their revalued book values. Financing costs (up to the date the assets are ready for their intended use) relating to borrowed funds or deferred credits attributable to acquisition or construction of fixed assets are included in the gross book value of fixed assets to which they relate.

ii) Impairment of fixed assets

Consideration is given at each balance sheet date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment of the carrying amount of the fixed assets. If any indication exists, an asset''s recoverable amount is estimated. An impairment loss is recognized whenever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor.

d) Depreciation and amortization

i) Depreciable amount for assets is the cost of an asset, or other amount substituted for cost, less its estimated residual value.

Depreciation on tangible fixed assets has been provided on the straight-line method as per the useful life prescribed in the Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.

Amortization of intangible fixed assets, being computer software is done on straight line method over 5 years.

ii) Depreciation is calculated on a pro-rata basis only in respect of additions to plant and machinery having a cost in excess of Rs. 5000. Assets costing up to Rs. 5000 are fully depreciated in the year of purchase. No depreciation is provided on assets sold, discarded, etc. during the year.

iii) In respect of revalued assets, an amount equivalent to the additional charge arising due to revaluation is transferred from the Revaluation reserve to General Reserve.

iv) No write-off is made in respect of leasehold land in case of long term lease.

e) Investments

Long term investments are stated at cost as reduced by amounts written off / provision made for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are stated at cost or fair value, whichever is lower.

f) Inventories

Stores and spares are valued at cost or under. Stock-in-trade is valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of inventories is ascertained on a ‘weighted average'' basis. In the case of finished goods and process stocks, appropriate share of labour, overheads and excise duty is included.

g) Research and development

Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged as an expense in the year in which it is incurred and the capital expenditure is included in fixed assets.

h) Government Grants, subsidies and export benefits

Government grants and subsidies are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the same will be received. Government grants and subsidies are recognized as income and / or as reduction of cost over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are intended to compensate, on a systematic basis.

Export benefits are accounted for in the year of exports based on eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.

i) Employee benefits

Provision for employee benefits charged on accrual basis is determined based on Accounting Standard (AS) 15 (Revised) "Employee Benefits" as specified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read with rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014.

i) Contributions to the provident fund, gratuity fund and superannuation fund are charged to revenue.

ii) Gratuity liability determined at balance sheet date on an actuarial basis is provided to the extent not covered by the funds available in the gratuity fund. Excess funding, if any, is recognized as an asset.

iii) Provision for privilege and medical leave salary is determined on actuarial basis.

iv) Provision for casual leave is determined on arithmetical basis.

v) Actuarial gains / losses are recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit & Loss.

j) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.

Monetary items denominated in foreign currency are reported using the closing exchange rates on the date of the balance sheet.

The exchange differences arising on settlement of monetary items or on reporting these items at the rates different from the rates at which these were initially recorded / reported in previous financial statements, are recognized as income / expense in the year in which they arise.

In case of forward exchange contracts, the premium or discount, arising at the inception of such contracts is amortized as income or expense over the life of the contract and the exchange differences on such contracts, i.e., differences between the exchange rates at the reporting/ settlement date and the exchange rates on the date of inception of contract/ the last reporting date, is recognized as income / expense for the year.

k) Revenue recognition

Sale of goods is recognized, net of returns and trade discounts on the transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer which generally coincides with the dispatch of goods to customers. Gross sales are inclusive of excise duty and net of value added tax / sales tax.

Sale of Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) is recognized as income on delivery of the RECs to customer''s account as evidenced by confirmation of delivery instructions.

Other income includes interest income accounted on time - proportion basis and dividend income accounted for as and when the right to receive the payment is established.

l) Income-tax

Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid is recognized as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it is highly probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company.

Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. In respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses and items relating to capital losses, deferred tax assets are recognized based on virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized.

m) Operating Cycle

Based on the nature of products / activities of the Company and the normal time between acquisition of assets and their realization in cash or cash equivalents, the Company has determined its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of classification of its assets and liabilities as current and non-current


Mar 31, 2015

A) Basis of accounting and preparation of financial statements

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 and the relevant provisions of the 1956 Act / 2013 Act, as applicable. The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical cost convention, as modified to include the revaluation of certain fixed assets. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the previous year.

b) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires management to make prudent and reasonable estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of financial statements and the results of operations during the year. Differences between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the year in which the results are known or materialised.

c) Fixed assets

i) Owned assets

All fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction including taxes and other incidental expenses related to acquisition, installation cost, except for certain assets which are revalued and are, therefore, stated at their revalued book values. Financing costs (up to the date the assets are ready for their intended use) relating to borrowed funds or deferred credits attributable to acquisition or construction of fixed assets are included in the gross book value of fixed assets to which they relate.

ii) Impairment of fixed assets

Consideration is given at each balance sheet date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment of the carrying amount of the fixed assets. If any indication exists, an asset's recoverable amount is estimated. An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor.

d) Depreciation

i) Depreciable amount for assets is the cost of an asset, or other amount substituted for cost, less its estimated residual value. Depreciation on tangible fixed assets has been provided on the straight-line method as per the useful life prescribed in the Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.

ii) Depreciation is calculated on a pro-rata basis only in respect of additions to plant and machinery having a cost in excess of Rs. 5000. Assets costing upto Rs. 5000 are fully depreciated in the year of purchase. No depreciation is provided on assets sold, discarded, etc. during the year.

iii) In respect of revalued assets, an amount equivalent to the additional charge arising due to revaluation is transferred from the Revaluation reserve to General Reserve.

iv) No write-off is made in respect of leasehold land in case of long term lease.

e) Investments

Long term investments are stated at cost as reduced by amounts written off / provision made for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are stated at cost or fair value, whichever is lower.

f) Inventories

Stores and spares are valued at cost or under. Stock-in-trade is valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of inventories is ascertained on a 'weighted average' basis. In the case of finished goods and process stocks, appropriate share of labour, overheads and excise duty is included.

g) Research and development

Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged as an expense in the year in which it is incurred and the capital expenditure is included in fixed assets.

h) Government Grants, subsidies and export benefits

Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the same will be received. Government grants and subsidies are recognised as income and / or as reduction of cost over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are intended to compensate, on a systematic basis.

Export benefits are accounted for in the year of exports based on eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.

i) Employee benefits

Provision for employee benefits charged on accrual basis is determined based on Accounting Standard (AS) 15 (Revised) "Employee Benefits" as specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014.

i) Contributions to the provident fund, gratuity fund and superannuation fund are charged to revenue.

ii) Gratuity liability determined at balance sheet date on an actuarial basis is provided to the extent not covered by the funds available in the gratuity fund. Excess funding, if any, is recognised as an asset.

iii) Provision for privilege and medical leave salary is determined on actuarial basis.

iv) Provision for casual leave is determined on arithmetical basis.

v) Actuarial gains / losses are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit & Loss.

j) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.

Monetary items denominated in foreign currency are reported using the closing exchange rates on the date of the balance sheet.

The exchange differences arising on settlement of monetary items or on reporting these items at the rates different from the rates at which these were initially recorded / reported in previous financial statements, are recognised as income / expense in the year in which they arise.

In case of forward exchange contracts, the premium or discount, arising at the inception of such contracts is amortised as income or expense over the life of the contract and the exchange differences on such contracts, i.e., differences between the exchange rates at the reporting/ settlement date and the exchange rates on the date of inception of contract/ the last reporting date, is recognised as income / expense for the year.

k) Revenue recognition

Sale of goods is recognised, net of returns and trade discounts, on the transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer which generally coincides with the dispatch of goods to customers. Gross sales are inclusive of excise duty and net of value added tax / sales tax.

Sale of Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) is recognised as income on delivery of the RECs to customer's account as evidenced by confirmation of delivery instructions.

Other income includes interest income accounted on time - proportion basis and dividend income accounted for as and when the right to receive the payment is established.

l) Income-tax

Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid is recognised as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it is highly probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company.

Deferred tax is recognised, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. In respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses and items relating to capital losses, deferred tax assets are recognised based on virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.

m) Operating Cycle

Based on the nature of products / activities of the Company and the normal time between acquisition of assets and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents, the Company has determined its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of classification of its assets and liabilities as current and non-current.


Mar 31, 2014

A) Basis of accounting and preparation of financial statements

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards notifed under Section 211 (3C) of the Companies Act, 1956 ("the 1956 Act") (which continue to be applicable in respect of Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 ("the 2013 Act") in terms of General Circular 15/2013 dated 13 September, 2013 of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs) and the relevant provisions of the 1956 Act/ 2013 Act, as applicable. The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical cost convention, as modifed to include the revaluation of certain fixed assets. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the previous year.

b) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires management to make prudent and reasonable estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of financial statements and the results of operations during the year. Differences between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the year in which the results are known or materialised.

c) Fixed assets

i) Owned assets

All fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction including taxes and other incidental expenses related to acquisition, installation cost, except for certain assets which are revalued and are, therefore, stated at their revalued book values. Financing costs (up to the date the assets are ready for their intended use) relating to borrowed funds or deferred credits attributable to acquisition or construction of fixed assets are included in the gross book value of fixed assets to which they relate.

ii) Assets taken on finance lease

Fixed assets taken on finance lease are stated at the lower of cost of finance lease assets or present value of the minimum finance lease payments at the inception of finance lease.

iii) Impairment of fixed assets

Consideration is given at each balance sheet date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment of the carrying amount of the fixed assets. If any indication exists, an asset''s recoverable amount is estimated. An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor.

d) Depreciation

i) Depreciation on all fixed assets is provided on the straight line method at the rates specified in schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 or at rates arrived at on the basis of the balance useful lives of the assets based on technical evaluation/ revaluation of the related assets, whichever is higher.

ii) Depreciation is calculated on a pro-rata basis only in respect of additions to plant and machinery having a cost in excess of Rs. 5000. Assets costing upto Rs. 5000 are fully depreciated in the year of purchase. No depreciation is provided on assets sold, discarded, etc. during the year.

iii) In respect of revalued assets, an amount equivalent to the additional charge arising due to revaluation is transferred from the revaluation reserve to the Statement of profit and Loss.

iv) In respect of assets taken on finance lease, depreciation is provided in accordance with the policy followed for owned assets.

v) No write-off is made in respect of leasehold land in case of long term lease.

e) Investments

Long term investments are stated at cost as reduced by amounts written off / provision made for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are stated at cost or fair value, whichever is lower.

f) Inventories

Stores and spares are valued at cost or under. Stock-in-trade is valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of inventories is ascertained on a ''weighted average'' basis. In the case of fnished goods and process stocks, appropriate share of labour, overheads and excise duty is included.

g) Research and development

Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged as an expense in the year in which it is incurred and the capital expenditure is included in fixed assets.

h) Export benefits

Export benefits are accounted for in the year of exports based on eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.

i) Employees'' benefits

Provision for employee benefits charged on accrual basis is determined based on Accounting Standard (AS) 15 (Revised) "Employee benefits" as notifed under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 as under:

i) Contributions to the provident fund, gratuity fund and superannuation fund are charged to revenue.

ii) Gratuity liability determined at balance sheet date on an actuarial basis is provided to the extent not covered by the funds available in the gratuity fund. Excess funding, if any, is recognised as an asset.

iii) Provision for privilege and medical leave salary is determined on actuarial basis.

iv) Provision for casual leave is determined on arithmetical basis.

j) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.

Monetary items denominated in foreign currency are reported using the closing exchange rates on the date of the balance sheet.

The exchange differences arising on settlement of monetary items or on reporting these items at the rates different from the rates at which these were initially recorded / reported in previous financial statements, are recognised as income / expense in the year in which they arise.

In case of forward exchange contracts, the premium or discount, arising at the inception of such contracts is amortised as income or expense over the life of the contract and the exchange differences on such contracts, i.e., differences between the exchange rates at the reporting/ settlement date and the exchange rates on the date of inception of contract/ the last reporting date, is recognised as income / expense for the year.

k) Revenue recognition

Sales are recognised at the point of dispatch to customers and include excise duty.

Sale of Renewable Energy Certifcates (RECs) is recognised as income on delivery of the RECs to customer''s account as evidenced by confirmation of delivery instructions.

l) Income-tax

Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax is recognised, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. In respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses, deferred tax assets are recognised based on virtual certainty that suffcient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.

d) Rs.163.71 lacs (2012-13 – Rs.272.91 lacs) currently carrying interest of 8.25% (net of interest subvention) repayable in 6 quarterly installments is secured by frst mortgage and charge on Specific immovable and movable assets of Shriram Rayons, a unit of the Company.

e) Rs.231.00 lacs (2012-13 – Rs.321.00 lacs) currently carrying interest of 14.25% repayable in 8 quarterly installments is secured by a frst mortgage and charge on all the immovable and movable properties (save and except book debts) of Daurala Organics, a unit of the Company, subject to prior charges created / to be created in favour of the Company''s bankers for securing the borrowings for working capital requirements, the charges ranking pari-passu with the charges created/to be created in favour of existing frst charge holders for their respective term loans.

f) Rs.124.46 lacs (2012-13 – Nil) currently carrying interest of 12.50% repayable in 16 quarterly installments is secured by a frst mortgage and charge on all the immovable and movable properties (save and except book debts) of Daurala Organics, a unit of the Company, both present and future, excluding the assets exclusively charged subject to prior charges created / to be created in favour of the Company''s bankers for securing the borrowings for working capital requirements, the charges ranking pari-passu with the charges created/to be created in favour of existing frst charge holders for their respective term loans.

g) Rs.1900.00 lacs (2012-13 – Nil) carrying Nil interest (net of interest subvention) repayable in 36 monthly installments is secured by residual charge on fixed assets of sugar division of the Company.

h) Rs.24.72 lacs (2012-13 – Rs.31.05 lacs) currently carrying interest of 11.25% repayable in 50 monthly installments are secured by hypothecation of Specific assets.

II. Others

Rs.1082.97 lacs (2012-13 – Rs.1443.96 lacs) carrying interest of 4% and repayable in 3 yearly installments is secured by exclusive second charge on immovable and movable assets of sugar factory at Daurala Sugar Works, a unit of the Company.

32. a) Pursuant to the Scheme of Arrangement as approved by the High Court of Delhi vide its Order dated April 16, 1990 under

sections 391 / 394 of the Companies Act, 1956, assets and liabilities relating to certain units, and certain reserves of the undivided DCM Limited were transferred / allocated to the Company w.e.f. April 1, 1990, being the effective date. The excess of net assets acquired over the share capital and reserves had been transferred to the securities premium account.

b) There are various issues relating to sales tax, income-tax, interest, etc. arisen / arising out of the reorganisation arrangement which will be settled and accounted for in terms of the Scheme of Arrangement of DCM Limited as and when the liabilities / benefits are finally determined. During the year, based on a detailed assessment of the maximum possible exposure on ultimate settlement of these issues, the Company has made a provision for contingencies of Rs. 100 lacs in these accounts.


Mar 31, 2013

A) Accounting convention

The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention, as modified to include the revaluation of certain fixed assets, and have been prepared in accordance with applicable Accounting Standards and relevant presentational requirements of the Companies Act, 1956.

b) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of financial statements and the results of Operations during the year. Differences between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the year in which the results are known or materialised.

c) Fixed assets

i) Owned assets

All fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction, except for certain assets which are revalued and are, therefore, stated at their revalued book values. Financing costs (up to the date the assets are ready to be put to use for commercial production) relating to borrowed funds or deferred credits attributable to acquisition or construction of fixed assets are included in the gross book value of fixed assets to which they relate.

ii) Assets taken on finance lease I

Fixed assets taken on finance lease are stated at the lower of cost of finance lease assets or present value of the minimum finance lease payments at the inception of finance lease.

iii) Impairment of fixed assets

Consideration is given at each balance sheet date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment of the carrying i amount of the fixed assets. If any indication exists, an asset''s recoverable amount is estimated. An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor.

d) Depreciation

i) Depreciation on all fixed assets is provided on the straight line method at the rates specified in schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 or at rates arrived at on the basis of the balance useful lives of the assets based on technical evaluation/ revaluation of the related assets, whichever is higher.

ii) Depreciation is calculated on a pro-rata basis only in respect of additions to plant and machinery having a cost in excess of Rs. 5000. Assets costing upto Rs. 5000 are fully depreciated in the year of purchase. No depreciation is provided on assets sold, discarded, etc. during the year.

iii) In respect of revalued assets, an amount equivalent to the additional charge arising due to revaluation is transferred from the revaluation reserve to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

iv) In respect of assets taken on finance lease, depreciation is provided in accordance with the policy followed for owned assets.

v) No write-off is made in respect of leasehold land in case of long term lease.

e) Investments

Long term investments are stated at cost as reduced by amounts written off / provision made for diminution in value. Current investments are stated at cost or fair value, whichever is lower.

f) Inventories

Stores and spares are valued at cost or under. Stock-in-trade is valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of inventories is ascertained on a ''weighted average'' basis. In the case of finished goods and process stocks, appropriate share of labour, overheads and excise duty is included.

g) Research and development

Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged as an expense in the year in which it is incurred. h) Export benefits

Export benefits are accounted for on accrual basis.

i) Employees'' benefits

Provision for employee benefits charged on accrual basis is determined based on Accounting Standard (AS) 15 (Revised) "Employee Benefits" as notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 as under:

i) Contributions to the provident fund, gratuity fund and superannuation fund are charged to revenue.

ii) Gratuity liability determined on an actuarial basis is provided to the extent not covered by the funds available in the gratuity fund.

iii) Provision for privilege and medical leave salary is determined on actuarial basis.

iv) Provision for casual leave is determined on arithmetical basis.

j) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.

Monetary items denominated in foreign currency are reported using the closing exchange rates on the date of the balance sheet.

The exchange differences arising on settlement of monetary items or on reporting these items at the rates different from the rates at which these were initially recorded / reported in previous financial statements, are recognised as income / expense in the year in which they arise.

In case of forward exchange contracts, the premium or discount, arising at the inception of such contracts is amortised as income or expense over the life of the contract and the exchange differences on such contracts, i.e., differences between the exchange rates at the reporting/ settlement date and the exchange rates on the date of inception of contract/the last reporting date, is recognised as income /expense for the year.

k) Revenue recognition

Sales are recognised at the point of despatch to customers and include excise duty.

I) Income-tax

Current income-tax liability is provided for in accordance with the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax is recognised, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. In respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses, deferred tax assets are recognised based on virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.


Mar 31, 2012

A) Accounting convention

The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention, as modified to include the revaluation of certain fixed assets, and have been prepared in accordance with applicable Accounting Standards and relevant presentational requirements of the Companies Act, 1956.

b) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of financial statements and the results of operations during the year. Differences between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the year in which the results are known or materialised.

c) Fixed assets

i) Owned assets

All fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction, except for certain assets which are revalued and are, therefore, stated at their revalued book values. Financing costs (up to the date the assets are ready to be put to use for commercial production) relating to borrowed funds or deferred credits attributable to acquisition or construction of fixed assets are included in the gross book value of fixed assets to which they relate.

ii) Assets taken on finance lease

Fixed assets taken on finance lease are stated at the lower of cost of finance lease assets or present value of the minimum finance lease payments at the inception of finance lease.

iii) Impairment of fixed assets

Consideration is given at each balance sheet date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment of the carrying amount of the fixed assets. If any indication exists, an asset's recoverable amount is estimated. An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor.

d) Depreciation

i) Depreciation on all fixed assets is provided on the straight line method at the rates specified in schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 or at rates arrived at on the basis of the balance useful lives of the assets based on technical evaluation / revaluation of the related assets, whichever is higher.

ii) Depreciation is calculated on a pro-rata basis only in respect of additions to plant and machinery having a cost in excess of Rs. 5000. Assets costing upto Rs. 5000 are fully depreciated in the year of purchase. No depreciation is provided on assets sold, discarded, etc. during the year.

iii) In respect of revalued assets, an amount equivalent to the additional charge arising due to revaluation is transferred from the revaluation reserve to the profit and loss account.

iv) In respect of assets taken on finance lease, depreciation is provided in accordance with the policy followed for owned assets.

v) No write-off is made in respect of leasehold land in case of long term lease.

e) Investments

Long term investments are stated at cost as reduced by amounts written off / provision made for diminution in value. Current investments are stated at cost or fair value, whichever is lower.

f) Inventories

Stores and spares are valued at cost or under. Stock-in-trade is valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of inventories is ascertained on a 'weighted average' basis. In the case of finished goods and process stocks, appropriate share of labour, overheads and excise duty is included.

g) Research and development

Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged as an expense in the year in which it is incurred.

h) Export benefits

Export benefits are accounted for on accrual basis.

i) Employees' benefits

Provision for employee benefits charged on accrual basis is determined based on Accounting Standard (AS) 15 (Revised) "Employee Benefits" as notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 as under :

i) Contributions to the provident fund, gratuity fund and superannuation fund are charged to revenue.

ii) Gratuity liability determined on an actuarial basis is provided to the extent not covered by the funds available in the gratuity fund.

iii) Provision for privilege and medical leave salary is determined on actuarial basis.

iv) Provision for casual leave is determined on arithmetical basis. j) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.

Monetary items denominated in foreign currency are reported using the closing exchange rates on the date of the balance sheet.

The exchange differences arising on settlement of monetary items or on reporting these items at the rates different from the rates at which these were initially recorded / reported in previous financial statements, are recognised as income / expense in the year in which they arise.

In case of forward exchange contracts, the premium or discount, arising at the inception of such contracts is amortised as income or expense over the life of the contract and the exchange differences on such contracts, i.e., differences between the exchange rates at the reporting / settlement date and the exchange rates on the date of inception of contract / the last reporting date, is recognised as income / expense for the year.

k) Revenue recognition

Sales are recognised at the point of despatch to customers and include excise duty.

l) Income-tax

Current income-tax liability is provided for in accordance with the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax is recognised, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. In respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses, deferred tax assets are recognised based on virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.

(i) There has been no movement in the equity shares in the current and previous year

(ii) The Company has only one class of equity shares having a par value of Rs. 10 per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share.

(iii) Shareholders holding more than 5% shares in the Company


Mar 31, 2011

A) Accounting convention

The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention, as modified to include the revaluation of certain fixed assets, and have been prepared in accordance with applicable Accounting Standards and relevant presentational requirements of the Companies Act, 1956.

b) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of financial statements and the results of operations during the year. Differences between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the year in which the results are known or materialised.

c) Fixed assets

i) Owned assets

All fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction, except for certain assets which are revalued and are, therefore, stated at their revalued book values. Financing costs (up to the date the assets are ready to be put to use for commercial production) relating to borrowed funds or deferred credits attributable to acquisition or construction of fixed assets are included in the gross book value of fixed assets to which they relate.

ii) Assets taken on fnance lease

Fixed assets taken on fnance lease are stated at the lower of cost of fnance lease assets or present value of the minimum fnance lease payments at the inception of fnance lease.

iii) Impairment of fixed assets

Consideration is given at each balance sheet date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment of the carrying amount of the fixed assets. If any indication exists, an assets recoverable amount is estimated. An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor.

d) Depreciation

i) Depreciation on all fixed assets is provided on the straight line method at the rates specifed in schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 or at rates arrived at on the basis of the balance useful lives of the assets based on technical evaluation/ revaluation of the related assets, whichever is higher.

ii) Depreciation is calculated on a pro-rata basis only in respect of additions to plant and machinery having a cost in excess of Rs. 5000. Assets costing upto Rs. 5000 are fully depreciated in the year of purchase. No depreciation is provided on assets sold, discarded, etc. during the year.

iii) In respect of revalued assets, an amount equivalent to the additional charge arising due to revaluation is transferred from the revaluation reserve to the Profit and loss account.

iv) In respect of assets taken on fnance lease, depreciation is provided in accordance with the policy followed for owned assets.

v) No write-off is made in respect of leasehold land as the lease is a long lease.

e) Investments

Long term investments are stated at cost as reduced by amounts written off/ provision made for diminution in value. Current investments are stated at cost or fair value, whichever is lower.

f) Inventories

Stores and spares are valued at cost or under. Stock-in-trade is valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of inventories is ascertained on a ‘weighted average basis. In the case of fnished goods and process stocks, appropriate share of labour, overheads and excise duty is included.

g) Research and development

Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged as an expense in the year in which it is incurred.

h) Export benefts

Export benefts are accounted for on accrual basis.

i) Employees benefts

Provision for employee benefts charged on accrual basis is determined based on Accounting Standard (AS) 15 (Revised) "Employee Benefts" as notifed under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 as under:

i) Contributions to the provident fund, gratuity fund and superannuation fund are charged to revenue.

ii) Gratuity liability determined on an actuarial basis is provided to the extent not covered by the funds available in the gratuity fund.

iii) Provision for privilege and medical leave salary is determined on actuarial basis.

iv) Provision for casual leave is determined on arithmetical basis.

j) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.

Monetary items denominated in foreign currency are reported using the closing exchange rates on the date of the balance sheet.

The exchange differences arising on settlement of monetary items or on reporting these items at the rates different from the rates at which these were initially recorded / reported in previous financial statements, are recognised as income / expense in the year in which they arise.

In case of forward exchange contracts, the premium or discount, arising at the inception of such contracts is amortised as income or expense over the life of the contract and the exchange differences on such contracts, i.e., differences between the exchange rates at the reporting/ settlement date and the exchange rates on the date of inception of contract/ the last reporting date, is recognised as income / expense for the year.

k) Revenue recognition

Sales are recognised at the point of despatch to customers and include excise duty.

l) Income-tax

Current income-tax liability is provided for in accordance with the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax is recognised, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. In respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses, deferred tax assets are recognised based on virtual certainty that suffcient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.


Mar 31, 2010

A) Accounting convention

The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention, as modified to include the revaluation of certain fixed assets, and have been prepared in accordance with applicable Accounting Standards and relevant presentational requirements of the Companies Act, 1956.

b) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of financial statements and the results of operations during the year. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the year in which the results are known or materialised.

c) Fixed assets

i) Owned assets

All fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction, except for certain assets which are revalued and are, therefore, stated at their revalued book values. Financing costs (up to the date the assets are ready to be put to use for commercial production) relating to borrowed funds or deferred credits attributable to acquisition or construction of fixed assets are included in the gross book value of fixed assets to which they relate.

ii) Assets taken on finance lease

Fixed assets taken on finance lease are stated at the lower of cost of finance lease assets or present value of the minimum finance lease payments at the inception of finance lease.

iii) Impairment of fixed assets

Consideration is given at each balance sheet date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment of the carrying amount of the fixed assets. If any indication exists, an assets recoverable amount is estimated. An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor.

d) Depreciation

i) Depreciation on all fixed assets is provided on the straight line method at the rates specified in schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 or at rates arrived at on the basis of the balance useful lives of the assets based on technical evaluation/ revaluation of the related assets, whichever is higher.

ii) Depreciation is calculated on a pro-rata basis only in respect of additions to plant and machinery having a cost in excess of Rs. 5000. Assets costing upto Rs. 5000 are fully depreciated in the year of purchase. No depreciation is provided on assets sold, discarded, etc. during the year.

iii) In respect of revalued assets, an amount equivalent to the additional charge arising due to revaluation is transferred from the revaluation reserve to the profit and loss account.

iv) In respect of assets taken on finance lease, depreciation is provided in accordance with the policy followed for owned assets.

v) No write-off is made in respect of leasehold land as the lease is a long lease.

e) Investments

Long term investments are stated at cost as reduced by amounts written off / provision made for diminution in value. Current investments are stated at cost or fair value, whichever is lower.

f) Inventories

Stores and spares are valued at cost or under. Stock-in-trade is valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of inventories is ascertained on a weighted average basis. In the case of finished goods and process stocks, appropriate share of labour, overheads and excise duty is included.

g) Research and development

Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged as an expense in the year in which it is incurred.

h) Export benefits

Export benefits are accounted for on accrual basis.

i) Employees benefits

Provision for employee benefits charged on accrual basis is determined based on Accounting Standard (AS) 15 (Revised) "Employee Benefits" as notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 as under:

i) Contributions to the provident fund, gratuity fund and superannuation fund are charged to revenue. ii) Gratuity liability determined on an actuarial basis is provided to the extent not covered by the

funds available in the gratuity fund. iii) Provision for privilege and medical leave salary is determined on actuarial basis. iv) Provision for casual leave is determined on arithmetical basis.

j) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.

Monetary items denominated in foreign currency are reported using the closing exchange rates on the date of the balance sheet.

The exchange differences arising on settlement of monetary items or on reporting these items at the rates different from the rates at which these were initially recorded / reported in previous financial statements, are recognised as income / expense in the year in which they arise, except in respect of the foreign currency liabilities incurred in connection with fixed assets where the exchange differences arising during the construction period are adjusted in the cost of concerned assets.

In case of forward exchange contracts, the premium or discount, arising at the inception of such contracts is amortised as income or expense over the life of the contract and the exchange differences on such contracts, i.e., differences between the exchange rates at the reporting/ settlement date and the exchange rates on the date of inception of contract/ the last reporting date, is recognised as income / expense for the year except where the foreign currency liabilities have been incurred in connection with fixed assets where the exchange differences arising during the construction period are adjusted in the cost of concerned assets.

k) Revenue recognition

Sales are recognised at the point of despatch to customers and include excise duty.

l) Income-tax

Current income-tax liability is provided for in accordance with the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961. Deferred tax is recognised, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. In respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses, deferred tax assets are recognised based on virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.

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