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Accounting Policies of Dhabriya Polywood Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2023

1. CORPORATE INFORMATION

Dhabriya Polywood Limited (‘The Company’) [CIN : L29305RJ1992PLC007003) is a Public Limited Company domiciled and incorporated in India in 1992. The Company’s equity shares are listed at the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). The registered office of the Company is situated at B-9D-1, Malviya Industrial Area, Jaipur - 302017 (Rajasthan) and having its three manufacturing units at Jaipur (Rajasthan), Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu) and Bangalore (Karnataka) respectively. Apart from that Company has its marketing network spread throughout India to cover all major markets. The Company is one of the leading manufacturer & suppliers of Extruded PVC/uPVC Profile Sections and D-stona Sheets & Moldings for various furnishing & furniture applications (i.e. Doors, Partitions, Ceiling, Paneling, fencing, prefabs, interior & furnishing etc.), uPVC Window & Doors and Aluminum Window Systems. All the product range of Company are developed & produced on Save Tressconcept without using natural wood.

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIESA. BASIS OF PREPERATION AND PRESENTATION

(i) Compliance with Ind AS

These standalone financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Ind AS’) as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘Act’) read with of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended and other relevant provisions of the Act and guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). The accounting policies are applied consistently to all the periods presented in the financial statements.

(ii) Historical cost convention

The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period.

(iii) Current and non-current classification

The All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current based on the Company’s normal operating cycle for each of its businesses, as per the criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Act.

(iv) Rounding of amounts

All amounts disclosed in the financial statements and notes have been rounded off to the nearest lakhs as per the requirement of Schedule III, unless otherwise stated.

B. USE OF ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS

The estimates and judgements used in the preparation of the financial statements are continuously evaluated by the Company and are based on historical experience and various other assumptions and factors (including expectations of future events) that the Company believes to be reasonable under the existing circumstances. Differences between actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known/materialized.

The said estimates are based on the facts and events, that existed as at the reporting date, or that occurred after that date but provide additional evidence about conditions existing as at the reporting date.

C. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (INCLUDIG CAPITAL WORK-IN-PROGRESS)

On transition to Ind AS the Company had adopted the optional exemption under Ind AS 101 to use the carrying value of the Property, plant and equipment as the deemed cost. Subsequently Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost of acquisition or construction less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. For this purpose, cost includes deemed cost which represents the carrying value of property, plant and equipment recognized as at 1st April, 2016 measured as per the previous GAAP. Cost of acquisition or construction is inclusive of freight, duties, relevant taxes, incidental expenses and interest on loans attributable to the acquisition of qualifying assets, up to the date of commissioning of the assets. Such cost includes the cost of replacing part of the plant and equipment and borrowing costs for qualifying assets, up-to the date of commissioning of the assets. All repair and maintenance costs are recognized in profit or loss as incurred. Assets are classified to the appropriate categories of property, plant and equipment when completed and ready for intended use.

Capital work-in-progress - Assets which are not yet ready for their intended use are carried at cost comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.

Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Depreciation on Property, plant and equipment is provided to the extent of depreciable amount on the Written Down Value Method on the basis of useful life of the assets as prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 to allocate their cost, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives.

Depreciation on additions and deletion during the year has been provided on pro rata basis with reference to the date of addition and deletion. The residual values and useful lives are reviewed and adjusted if appropriate at the end of each reporting period.

Gains and losses on disposals, if any, are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in the statement of profit and loss within other income or other expenses, as applicable.

D. INVESTMENT PROPERTY

Property that is held for long-term rental yields or for capital appreciation or both, and that is not occupied by the Company, is classified as investment property. Investment property is measured initially at its cost, including related transaction costs and where applicable borrowing costs. Subsequent expenditure is capitalized to the asset’s carrying amount only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance costs are expensed when incurred. Investment properties are depreciated using the written down value method over their estimated useful life.

E. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS

The carrying amount of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external factors. An impairment loss will be recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable

amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognized immediately in profit or loss. Provision for impairment will be reviewed periodically and amended depending on changes in circumstances.

F. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash and cash equivalent in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and shortterm deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, that are readily convertible to a known amount of cash and subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

For the purpose of presentation in the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. Bank overdrafts, if any, are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the balance sheet.

G. TRADE RECEIVABLES

Trade receivables are amounts due from customers for goods sold or services performed in the ordinary course of business. Trade receivables are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less provision for impairment, if any.

H. INVENTORIES

Raw materials, Packing Materials, stores, spares & consumables, work in progress and finished goods are stated at the lower of cost

and net realizable value. Cost of raw materials, packing materials comprises cost of purchases, non-refundable purchase taxes and any directly attributable expenses related to inventories. Cost of raw materials, packing materials, stores, spares & consumables is determined on a first in first out method. Cost of work-in-progress and finished goods comprises materials and appropriate proportion of all variable and fixed overhead expenditures, which is allocated on a systematic basis.

Costs of inventories also include all other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Costs of purchased inventory are determined after deducting rebates and discounts, if any. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

I. INVESTEMENT IN SUBSIDIARIES

A subsidiary is an entity controlled by the Company. Control exists when the Company has power over the entity, is exposed, or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns by using its power over the entity. Power is demonstrated through existing rights that give the ability to direct relevant activities, those which significantly affect the entity’s returns.

Investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost. The cost comprises price paid to acquire investment and directly attributable cost. The Company reviews its carrying value of longterm investments in equity shares of subsidiaries carried at cost at the end of each reporting period. If the recoverable amount is

less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is accounted for.

J. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within twelve months after the reporting period. They are recognized initially at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

K. BORROWING

Borrowings are initially recognized at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognized in the statement of profit and loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities are recognized as transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down. In this case, the fee is deferred until the draw down occurs. Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

L. BORROWING COST

Borrowing Costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction and production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. All other borrowing costs are recognized in Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.

M. PROVISIONS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, for which it is probable that a cash outflow may be required and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. The amount recognized as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is material).

When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, a receivable is recognized as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursements will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed after evaluation of the facts and legal aspects of the matter involved, in line with the provisions of Ind AS 37. The Company records a liability for any claims where a potential loss probable and capable of being estimated and discloses such matters in its financial statements, if material. For potential losses that are considered possible, but not probable, the Company provides disclosures in the financial statements but does not record a liability in its financial statements unless the loss becomes probable.

N. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Sale of Goods Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is being made. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment, net of returns and allowances, trade discounts and volume rebates. Sales of products is net of Goods and Service Tax.

Revenue is recognized when the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the customer, recovery of the consideration is probable, the associated costs can be estimated reliably, there is no continuing management involvement with the goods nor it exercises effective control over the goods and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably. The timing of the transfer of risks and rewards varies depending on the individual terms of the sales arrangements.

Income from Services: Revenue from sale of services are recognized when services are rendered and related costs are incurred. Income from services is also net of Goods and Service Tax.

Other Income: Interest income from a financial asset is recognized when it is probable that the economic benefit will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective rate applicable, which is the rate that discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial assets to that asset’s net carrying amount on initial recognition.

O. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

Short Term Employee Benefits

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including nonmonetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognized in respect of employees’ services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.

Post-Employment Benefits Defined Contribution Plans

A defined contribution plan is a postemployment benefit plan under which the Company pays specified contributions to a separate entity. The Company makes specified monthly contributions towards Provident Fund (PF) and Employee State Insurance (ESI) to the eligible employees. The Company’s contribution is recognized as employee benefit expenses in Profit and Loss during the period in which the employee renders the related service.

Defined Benefit Plans

The Company provides for gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan to the employees whoever has completed five years of service with the Company at the time of retirement, death while in employment or on termination of employment or otherwise as per the provisions of The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. Company accounts for liability of future gratuity benefits bases on an external actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method carried out annually for assessing liability as at the balance sheet date.

P. FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS

The functional currency of the Company is Indian rupee. Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are normally recorded on initial recognition at the exchange rate prevailing at the time of transaction. Monetary items (i.e. liabilities and assets etc.) denominated in foreign currency at the year-end are translated at the functional currency closing rate of exchange at the reporting date.

Any income or expenses on account of exchange difference either on settlement of monetary items or on reporting these items at rates different from rates at which these were initially recorded / reported in previous financial statements are recognized as income / expense in the statement of profit and loss except in cases where they relate to acquisition of fixed assets in which case, they are adjusted to the carrying cost of such assets.

Q. INCOME TAXES

Current Income Tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss i.e. in other comprehensive income or equity.

Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax is provided on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts at the

reporting date. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted as at the reporting date. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if such items relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing tax laws and the Company has a legally enforceable right for such set off. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized. Unrecognized deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and are recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered. Deferred tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss i.e. in other comprehensive income.

R. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL")) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognized immediately in statement of profit and loss.

FINANCIAL ASSETS

Initial recognition and measurement:

On initial recognition, a financial asset is recognized at fair value. All recognized financial assets are subsequently measured in their entirety at either amortized cost or fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) or fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI) depending on the classification of the financial assets. Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their recognition, except if and in the period the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.

Derecognition

The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire or it transfers the contractual rights to receive the cash flows from the asset.

Investment in Subsidiaries:

The Company’s investment in equity instruments of Subsidiaries are accounted for at cost as per Ind AS 27, including adjustment for fair value of obligations, if any, in relation to such subsidiaries.

Impairment of financial assets

The Company assesses at each date of balance sheet whether a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. Ind AS 109 requires expected credit losses to be measured through a loss allowance. The Company recognizes lifetime expected losses for all contract assets and / or all trade receivables that do not constitute a financing transaction. For all other financial assets, expected credit losses are measured at an amount equal to the 12-month expected credit losses or at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses, if the credit risk on the financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition.

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITYINSTRUMENTS

Classification as equity

Equity instruments issued by the Company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

Equity instruments

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognized at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs. Repurchase of the Company’s own equity instruments is recognized and deducted directly in equity. No gain or loss is recognized in statement of profit and loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Company’s own equity instruments.

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial liabilities are initially measured at the amortized cost unless at initial recognition, they are classified as fair value through profit or loss. In case of trade payables, they are initially recognized at fair value and subsequently, these liabilities are held at amortized cost, using the effective interest method.

All financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. Financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Interest expense are included in the ‘Finance costs’ line item. The effective interest method

is a method of calculating the amortized cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability, or (where appropriate) a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

A financial liability is de-recognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or Modification is treated as the de-recognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of profit or loss.

Offsetting

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset, and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

S. EARNING PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit for the current year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. The number of shares used in computing diluted earnings per

share comprises the weighted average share considered for calculating basic earnings per share, and also the weighted average number of shares, which would have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Potential dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted for bonus shares as appropriate.

T. DIVIDEND PAYMENT

A final dividend, including tax thereon if applicable, on equity shares is recorded as a liability on the date of approval by the shareholders. An interim dividend, including tax thereon if applicable, is recorded as a liability on the date of declaration by the Board of directors.

U. OPERATING CYCLE

Based on the nature of products / activities of the Company and the normal time between acquisition of assets and their realization in cash or cash equivalents, the Company has determined its operating cycle as twelve months for the purpose of classification of its assets and liabilities as current and noncurrent.

(v) Recent Accounting Pronouncements: a. Application of new and revised Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS)

All the Ind AS issued and notified by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 (as amended) till the standalone financial statements are authorized, have been considered in preparing these standalone financial statements.

b. Recent accounting pronouncements Amendment to Ind AS 1, Presentation of Financial Statements

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA") vide notification dated 31 March 2023, has issued an amendment to Ind AS 1 which requires entities to disclose material accounting policies instead of significant accounting policies. Accounting policy information considered together with other information, is material when it can reasonably be expected to influence decisions of primary users of general-purpose financial statements. The amendment also clarifies that immaterial accounting policy information does not need to disclose. If it is disclosed, it should not obscure material accounting information.

Amendment to Ind AS 8, Accounting Policies, change in Accounting Estimates and Errors

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA") vide notification dated 31 March 2023, has issued an amendment to Ind AS 8 which specifies an updated definition of an ‘accounting estimate’. As per the amendment, accounting estimates are monetary amounts in the financial statements that are subject to measurement uncertainty and measurement techniques and inputs are used to develop an accounting estimate. Measurement techniques include estimation techniques and valuation techniques.

Amendment to Ind AS 12, Income Taxes

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA") vide notification dated 31

March 2023, has issued an amendment to Ind AS 12, which requires entities to recognize deferred tax on transactions that, on initial recognition, give rise to equal amounts of taxable and deductible temporary differences. This will typically apply to transactions such as leases of lessees and decommissioning obligations and will require recognition of additional deferred tax assets and liabilities.

The amendments are extensive and the Company will evaluate the same to give effect to them as required by law.

3. CRITICAL ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with recognition and measurement principles of Ind AS requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the year. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which estimates are revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. The following are the key judgements and estimations concerning the future and other sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period that may have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in future are :

i) Useful lives and residual value of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets :

Useful life and residual value are determined by the management based on a technical evaluation considering nature of asset, past experience, estimated usage of the asset,

vendor’s advice etc. and same is reviewed at each financial year end.

ii) Taxation :

Tax expense is calculated using applicable tax rate and laws that have been enacted or substantially enacted. In arriving at taxable profit and all tax bases of assets and liabilities, the Company determines the taxability based on tax enactments, relevant judicial pronouncements and tax expert opinions, and makes appropriate provisions which includes an estimation of the likely outcome of any open tax assessments / litigations, if any. Any difference is recognized on closure of assessment or in the period in which they are agreed.

Deferred income tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable income will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, unused tax losses, unabsorbed depreciation and unused tax credits could be utilized.

iii) Impairment of investments:

The Company reviews it’s carrying value of long-term investments in equity shares of subsidiaries and other companies carried at cost at the end of each reporting period. If the recoverable amount is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is accounted for.


Mar 31, 2018

1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

A. BASIS OF PREPERATION AND PRESENTATION

The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company takes into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. However, when the Company determines that transaction price does not represent the fair value, it uses inter-alia valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All financial assets and financial liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy. This categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

s Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

s Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.

s Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.

Financial assets and financial liabilities that are recognized at fair value on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization at the end of each reporting period.

B. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Sale of Goods: - Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is being made. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment, net of returns and allowances, trade discounts and volume rebates.

Sales of products is inclusive of excise duty and net of value added tax / sales tax / goods and service tax (GST).

Revenue is recognized when the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the customer, recovery of the consideration is probable, the associated costs can be estimated reliably, there is no continuing management involvement with the goods nor it exercises effective control over the goods and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably. The timing of the transfer of risks and rewards varies depending on the individual terms of the sales arrangements.

Income from Services: Revenue from sale of services are recognized when services are rendered, and related costs are incurred. Income from services is net of service tax / goods and service tax (GST).

Other Income: Interest income from a financial asset is recognized when it is probable that the economic benefit will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective rate applicable, which is the rate that discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial assets to that asset’s net carrying amount on initial recognition.

C. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

On transition to Ind AS the Company has adopted the optional exemption under Ind AS 101 to use the carrying value of the Property, plant and equipment as the deemed cost. Subsequently Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost of acquisition or construction less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. For this purpose, cost includes deemed cost which represents the carrying value of property, plant and equipment recognized as at 1st April, 2016 measured as per the previous GAAP. Cost of acquisition or construction is inclusive of freight, duties, relevant taxes, incidental expenses and interest on loans attributable to the acquisition of qualifying assets, up to the date of commissioning of the assets. Such cost includes the cost of replacing part of the plant and equipment and borrowing costs for qualifying assets, upto the date of commissioning of the assets. All repair and maintenance costs are recognized in profit or loss as incurred. Assets are classified to the appropriate categories of property, plant and equipment when completed and ready for intended use.

Capital work-in-progress - Assets which are not yet ready for their intended use are carried at cost comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.

Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Depreciation on Property, plant and equipment is provided to the extent of depreciable amount on the Written Down Value (WDV) Method on the basis of useful life of the assets as prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 to allocate their cost, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives as follows:

- Buildings - 30 Years

- Plant and Equipment - 15 Year

- Furniture & Fixtures - 10 Years

- Vehicles - 8-10 Years

- Computer and accessories - 3- 6 Years

- Office Equipment - 5 Years

Depreciation on additions and deletion during the year has been provided on pro rata basis with reference to the date of addition and deletion. The assets’ residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in the statement of profit and loss within other income or other expenses.

D. INVESTMENT PROPERTY

On transition to Ind AS, the Company has adopted optional exemption under Ind AS 101 to use the carrying value of Investment Properties as the deemed cost. Property that is held for long-term rental yields or for capital appreciation or both, and that is not occupied by the Company, is classified as investment property. Investment property is measured initially at its cost, including related transaction costs and where applicable borrowing costs. Subsequent expenditure is capitalized to the asset’s carrying amount only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance costs are expensed when incurred. Investment properties are depreciated using the written down value method as per the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.

E. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS

Assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows which are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or group of assets (cash-generating units). Non-financial assets that suffered an impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at the end of each reporting period. The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and forecast calculations which are prepared separately for each of the Company’s cash-generating units to which the individual assets are allocated.

Impairment losses, if any, are recognized in the statement of profit and loss. After impairment depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life. An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company estimates the asset’s or cash-generating unit’s recoverable amount. A previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognized in the statement of profit and loss unless the asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal is treated as a revaluation increase.

F. FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS

The functional currency of the Company is Indian rupee. Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are normally recorded on initial recognition at the exchange rate prevailing at the time of transaction. Monetary items (i.e. liabilities and assets etc.) denominated in foreign currency at the year-end are translated at the functional currency closing rate of exchange at the reporting date.

Any income or expenses on account of exchange difference either on settlement of monetary items or on reporting these items at rates different from rates at which these were initially recorded / reported in previous financial statements are recognized as income / expense in the statement of profit and loss except in cases where they relate to acquisition of fixed assets in which case they are adjusted to the carrying cost of such assets.

G. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

For the purpose of presentation in the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the balance sheet.

H. TRADE RECEIVABLES

Trade receivables are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less provision for impairment.

I. INVENTORIES

Raw materials and stores, work in progress and finished goods are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of raw materials comprises cost of purchases. Cost of work-in-progress and finished goods comprises direct materials, direct labour and an appropriate proportion of variable and fixed overhead expenditure, the latter being allocated on the basis of normal operating capacity.

Costs of inventories also include all other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Costs are assigned to individual items of inventory on the basis of Weighted Average Cost basis. Costs of purchased inventory are determined after deducting rebates and discounts. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

J. INVESTEMENT IN SUBSIDIARIES

A subsidiary is an entity controlled by the Company. Control exists when the Company has power over the entity, is exposed, or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns by using its power over the entity. Power is demonstrated through existing rights that give the ability to direct relevant activities, those which significantly affect the entity’s returns.

Investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost. The cost comprises price paid to acquire investment and directly attributable cost. On the date of transition to Ind AS, the Company has considered the carrying value of investment in subsidiaries as per previous GAAP to be the deemed cost as per Ind AS 101.

The Company reviews its carrying value of long term investments in equity shares of subsidiaries carried at cost at the end of each reporting period. If the recoverable amount is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is accounted for.

K. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period. They are recognized initially at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

L. BORROWING

Borrowings are initially recognized at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognized in the statement of profit and loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities are recognized as transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down. In this case, the fee is deferred until the draw down occurs. Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period.

M. BORROWING COST

Borrowing Costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction and production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. All other borrowing costs are recognized in Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.

N. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

Short Term Employee Benefits

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognized in respect of employees’ services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.

Post-Employment Benefits Defined Contribution Plans

A defined contribution plan is a postemployment benefit plan under which the Company pays specified contributions to a separate entity. The Company makes specified monthly contributions towards Provident Fund (PF) and Employee State Insurance (ESI) to the eligible employees. The Company’s contribution is recognized as employee benefit expenses in Profit and Loss during the period in which the employee renders the related service.

Defined Benefit Plans

The Company provides for gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan to the employees whoever has completed five years of service with the Company at the time of retirement, death while in employment or on termination of employment or otherwise as per the provisions of The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. Company accounts for liability of future gratuity benefits bases on an external actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method carried out annually for assessing liability as at the balance sheet date.

O. USE OF ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENT

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with recognition and measurement principles of Ind AS requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the year. Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which estimates are revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

The following are the key assumptions concerning the future, and other sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period that may have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in future are:

(i) Useful lives and residual value of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets:

Useful life and residual value are determined by the management based on a technical evaluation considering nature of asset, past experience, estimated usage of the asset, vendor’s advice etc. and same is reviewed at each financial year end.

(ii) Impairment of investments:

The Company reviews its carrying value of long term investments in equity shares of subsidiaries and other partnership firms carried at cost at the end of each reporting period. If the recoverable amount is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is accounted for.

(iii) Deferred tax assets:

The Company reviews the carrying amount of deferred tax assets at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

P. INCOME TAXES

Income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss i.e. in other comprehensive income. Management periodically evaluates positions take in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax is provided on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts at the reporting date. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted as at the reporting date. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if such items relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing tax laws and the Company has a legally enforceable right for such set off. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized. Unrecognized deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and are recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered. Deferred tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss i.e. in other comprehensive income.

Q. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND PROVISIONS

Contingent liabilities are disclosed after evaluation of the facts and legal aspects of the matter involved, in line with the provisions of Ind AS 37. The Company records a liability for any claims where a potential loss probable and capable of being estimated and discloses such matters in its financial statements, if material. For potential losses that are considered possible, but not probable, the Company provides disclosures in the financial statements but does not record a liability in its financial statements unless the loss becomes probable.

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a legal / constructive obligation as a result of a past event, for which it is probable that a cash outflow may be required, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is material).

R. EARNING PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit for the current year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. The number of shares used in computing diluted earnings per share comprises the weighted average share considered for calculating basic earnings per share, and also the weighted average number of shares, which would have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Potential dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted for bonus shares as appropriate.

S. OPERATING CYCLE

Based on the nature of products / activities of the Company and the normal time between acquisition of assets and their realization in cash or cash equivalents, the Company has determined its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of classification of its assets and liabilities as current and non-current.


Mar 31, 2016

1. CORPORATE INFORMATION

Company namely Dhabriya Polywood Limited is a Public Limited Company domiciled in India and incorporated in 1992 under the provisions of the erstwhile Companies Act, 1956. It is headquartered in Jaipur in Rajasthan and having its manufacturing units at two places in Rajasthan at Jaipur and one place in Tamilnadu at Coimbatore. Apart from that Company has its marketing network spread throughout India to cover all major markets. The Company is one of the leading manufacturer & suppliers of Extruded PVC Profile Sections for various indoor furniture applications (Doors, Partitions, Ceiling, Paneling etc.) and uPVC Windows/Door Systems. All the product range of Company is developed & produced on Save Tress concept without using natural wood.

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

A. BASIS OF ACCOUNTING AND PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the accounting standards notified under the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013. The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical cost convention unless otherwise stated hereafter. The Accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the previous year.

B. USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions considered in reported amount of assets and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) and the income and expenses during the year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognized in the periods in which the results are known / materialize.

C. FIXED ASSETS

Tangible Assets are stated at cost net of recoverable taxes, trade discounts and rebates and include amounts added on revaluation (related to Land and Building in the financial year 1999-2000), less accumulated depreciation and impairment loss, if any. The cost of Tangible Assets comprises its purchase price, borrowing cost and any cost directly attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use, net charges on foreign exchange contracts and adjustments arising from exchange rate variations attributable to the assets.

D. DEPRECIATION

Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided to the extent of depreciable amount on the Written Down Value (WDV) Method. Depreciation is provided based on useful life of the assets as prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.

E. INVENTORIES

Inventories are valued at cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower. Cost of Inventory comprises of Cost of Purchase, Cost of Conversion and other Costs incurred to bring them to their respective present location and condition. Costs of Raw Materials, Packing Materials, Stores & spares and trading products are determined on FIFO basis. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and where applicable, excise duty.

F. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

Short term employee benefits are recognized as an expense at the undiscounted amount in the Statement of Profit and Loss of the year in which the related service is rendered.

The contributions remitted to government administered Provident and Pension Fund on behalf of its employees in accordance with the relevant statute are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss as and when due. The Company has no further obligations for future Provident/Pension fund benefits other than its monthly contributions.

Post-employment long term employee benefit (gratuity) is recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year in which the employee has rendered services. The expenses are recognized at the present value of the amount payable determined using actuarial valuation techniques.

G. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenue is recognized only when risks and rewards incidental to ownership are transferred to the customer, it can be reliably measured and it is reasonable to expect ultimate collection. Revenue from operations includes sale of goods, services, excise duty, adjusted for discounts if any.

Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the interest rate applicable.

H. FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS

Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are normally recorded at the exchange rate prevailing at the time of the transaction and any income or expenses on account of exchange difference either on settlement or on translation in recognized in the statement of profit and loss except in cases where they relate to acquisition of fixed assets in which case they are adjusted to the carrying cost of such assets.

I. INVESTMENTS

Long-term Investments made by the Company are stated at cost and provision for diminution in the value of long-term investments is made only if such a decline is other than temporary.

J. BORROWING COSTS

Borrowing Costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction and production of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets. All other borrowing costs are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

K. INCOME TAXES

Tax expense comprises of current tax and deferred tax. Current tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities, using the applicable tax rates. Deferred income tax reflects the current period timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the period and reversal of timing differences of earlier years/period. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future income will be available except that deferred tax assets, in case there are unabsorbed depreciation or losses, are recognized if there is virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available to realize the same.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax law that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date.

L. PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS

Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources. Contingent Liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the Notes. Contingent Assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statements.

M. OTHERS

Other accounting policies are consistent with the normally accepted accounting practices.

* Term Loan from HDFC Bank Ltd. & Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd. (erstwhile ING Vysya Bank Ltd.) are secured against equitable mortgage / hypothecation on all the immovable and movable properties of the Companies, both present and future and Term Loan from SIDBI is secured by the guarantees/security extended by promoter-directors of the Company. There is no default as on the Balance Sheet date in repayment of loans and interest. Total repayment period of the term loans are:

(i) HDFC Term Loan of Rs. 223.65 Lakhs availed during financial year 2011-12 is repayable in 63 monthly installments commencing from June, 2011 and last installment due in August, 2016

(ii) Kotak Term Loan of Rs. 873.92 Lakhs is repayable in 60 monthly installments commencing from July, 2014 and last installment due in June, 2019.

(iii) SIDBI Term Loan of Rs. 1000 Lakhs is repayable in 90 monthly installments commencing from April, 2016 and last installment due in September, 2023.

** Car Loans Taken from banks/financial institutions are secured by way of individual hypothecation of the Vehicle purchased from the amount of loan

6. DEFERRED TAX ASSETS/LIABILITIES

As required under Accounting standard (AS) 22, ''Accounting for taxes on income'' issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the details of deferred tax assets / liabilities for the year ended upto 31st March 2016 charged to Statement of Profit & Loss are as under:

* Cash Credit Limits & Buyers'' Credit Facility from Banks (HDFC Bank Ltd.& Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd.) are secured against equitable mortgage / hypothecation on all the immovable and movable properties of the Companies, inventory and book debts, both present and future.

c. The Asst. Commissioner of Income Tax (TDS), Jaipur had raised a demand of Rs. 3,08,156/= while completing the assessment for the Assessment Year 2012-13 u/s 201(1)/201(1A) of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The company had gone on appeal and case was decided in favour of assessing authority by the CIT(Appeals) against which Company has filed an appeal before the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal, Jaipur Bench.

d. The Asst. Commissioner of Income Tax (TDS), Jaipur had raised a demand of Rs. 34,709/ = while completing the assessment for the Assessment Year 2013-14 u/s 201(1)/201(1A) of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The company has filed an appeal before the CIT(Appeals), Jaipur against the order

e. The Dy. Commissioner of Income Tax, J aipur has raised a gross demand of Rs. 4,74,150/= while completing the assessment for the Assessment Year 2012-13 u/s 143(3) of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The Company has filed an appeal before the CIT (Appeals), Jaipur against the order.

f. The Commercial Tax Officer, Anti Evasion, Rajasthan 3, Jaipur had raised a demand of Rs.35,03,676/= and Rs. 1,17,80,600/= while completing the assessment for the Year 2010-11 and 2011-12 respectively. The company had gone on appeal and obtained favorable orders from the Deputy Commission (Appeal - I), Jaipur were delivered in favour of Company. The Department has filed an appeal before the Rajasthan Tax Board, Ajmer against the order of Deputy Commissioner (Appeal - I), Jaipur.


Mar 31, 2015

A. BASIS OF ACCOUNTING AND PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the accounting standards notified under the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013. The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical cost convention unless otherwise stated hereafter. The Accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the previous year.

B. USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires judgements, estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known/materialized.

C. FIXED ASSETS

Tangible Assets are stated at cost net of recoverable taxes, trade discounts and rebates and include amounts added on revaluation (related to Land and Building in the financial year 1999-2000), less accumulated depreciation and impairment loss, if any. The cost of Tangible Assets comprises its purchase price, borrowing cost and any cost directly attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use, net charges on foreign exchange contracts and adjustments arising from exchange rate variations attributable to the assets.

D. DEPRECIATION

Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided to the extent of depreciable amount on the Written Down Value (WDV) Method. Depreciation is provided based on useful life of the assets as prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.

E. INVENTORIES

Inventories are valued at cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower. Cost of Inventory comprises of Cost of Purchase, Cost of Conversion and other Costs incurred to bring them to their respective present location and condition. Costs of Raw Materials, Packing Materials, Stores & spares and trading products are determined on FIFO basis.

F. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

Short term employee benefits are recognized as an expense at the undiscounted amount in the Statement of Profit and Loss of the year in which the related service is rendered.

The contributions remitted to government administered Provident and Pension Fund on behalf of its employees in accordance with the relevant statute are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss as and when due. The Company has no further obligations for future Provident/Pension fund benefits other than its monthly contributions.

Post-employment long term employee benefit (gratuity) is recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year in which the employee has rendered services. The expenses are recognized at the present value of the amount payable determined using actuarial valuation techniques.

G. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenue is recognized only when risks and rewards incidental to ownership are transferred to the customer, it can be reliably measured and it is reasonable to expect ultimate collection. Revenue from operations includes sale of goods, services, excise duty, adjusted for discounts if any.

Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the interest rate applicable.

H. FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS

Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are normally recorded at the exchange rate prevailing at the time of the transaction and any income or expenses on account of exchange difference either on settlement or on translation in recognized in the statement of profit and loss except in cases where they relate to acquisition of fixed assets in which case they are adjusted to the carrying cost of such assets.

I. INVESTMENTS

Long-term Investments made by the Company are stated at cost and provision for diminution in the value of long-term investments is made only if such a decline is other than temporary.

J. BORROWING COSTS

Borrowing Costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction and production of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets. All other borrowing costs are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

K. INCOME TAXES

Tax expense comprises of current tax and deferred tax. Current tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities, using the applicable tax rates.

Deferred income tax reflect the current period timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the period and reversal of timing differences of earlier years/period. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future income will be available except that deferred tax assets, in case there are unabsorbed depreciation or losses, are recognized if there is virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available to realize the same.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax law that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date.

L. PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS

Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources. Contingent Liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the Notes. Contingent Assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statements.

M. OTHERS

Other accounting policies are consistent with the normally accepted accounting practices.

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