Accounting Policies of Foundry Fuel Products Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2015

1.1. Basis of preparation of financial Statements

The financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") under the historical cost convention on accrual basis. GAAP comprises mandatory Accounting Standards as specified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 and the Companies Act, 2013 (to the extent notified) and guidelines issued by Securities and Exchange Board of India.

1.2. Presentation and disclosure of financial statements:

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current & non-current as per company's normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013.

In view of no business activities carried on by the Company, 12 months has been considered by the Company as its operating cycle for the purpose of current / non- current classification of assets and liabilities.

1.3. Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies, reported balances of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities as on the date of financial statements and reported amounts of income and expenses during the period. Management believes that the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Any difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialize. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in the current and future periods.

1.4. Fixed Assets

Tangible assets are stated at cost of acquisition / construction less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Cost of fixed assets includes non - refundable taxes and duties, borrowing cost directly attributable to the qualifying asset and any directly attributable costs of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

Capital work - in - progress comprises of cost incurred on fixed assets under construction / development / acquisition that are not yet ready for their intended use at the Balance Sheet Date.

1.5. Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation is provided using straight line basis in accordance with schedule II to the Companies Act. 2013.

As per the transitional provision under Part C of Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013, in respect of assets acquired prior to 1st April, 2014, the carrying amount as on 1st April, 2014 is depreciated over the remaining useful life of the assets and in respect of assets whose remaining useful life of an asset is nil, the carrying value after retaining the residual value (if any) is recognized in the opening balance of retained earnings (net of taxes).

Depreciation on individual assets whose cost does not exceed five thousand rupees has been provided at the rate of hundred per cent in the year of capitalization.

1.6. Impairment of assets

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date for any indication of impairment based on internal / external factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the asset's net selling price and value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset and from its disposal at the end of its useful life.

Based on the assessment done at each balance sheet date, recognised impairment loss is further provided or reversed depending on changes in circumstances. After recognition of impairment loss or reversal of impairment loss as applicable, the depreciation charge for the fixed asset is adjusted in future periods to allocate the asset's revised carrying amount, less its residual value (if any), on a systematic basis over its remaining useful life. If the conditions leading to recognition of impairment losses no longer exist or have decreased, impairment losses recognised are reversed to the extent it does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined after considering depreciation/ amortization had no impairment loss been recognised in earlier years.

1.7. Investments

Investments are classified into current and long-term investments.

Investments that are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than a year from the date on which such investments are made are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments.

Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value of long term investments is made to recognize a decline, other than temporary, on an individual investment basis.

The cost of investments comprises purchase price and directly attributable acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties. In determining the holding cost of investments and the or loss on sale of investments, the 'weighted average cost' method is followed.

1.8. Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured.

1.9. Employee Benefits

There is no employee in the Company as on 31st March 2015. There are no short term employee benefits, defined contribution and benefit plan which requires accounting in the financial statements.

1.10. Borrowing cost

Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or development of a qualifying asset are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective asset till such time the asset is ready for its intended use or sale. A qualifying asset is an asset which necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.

1.11. Taxes on income

Tax expenses comprises of current tax, deferred tax charge or credit and adjustments of taxes for earlier years.

Provision for current tax is made as per the provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax charge or credit reflects the impact of current year timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years and are measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.

Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. In situations where the Company has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profits. Deferred tax assets are reviewed for the appropriateness of their respective carrying amounts at each balance sheet date.

At each balance sheet date the Company re-assesses unrecognized deferred tax assets. It recognizes unrecognized deferred tax assets to the extent that it has become reasonably/virtually certain as the case may be that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized.

1.12. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, bank balances, deposits with banks (other than on lien) and all short term and highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

1.13. Cash flow statements

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

1.14. Provisions and contingent liabilities

A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

1.15. Earnings per share

Basic earning per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss (after tax) for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for events of bonus issue, share warrants and share split. Diluted earnings per share calculated by dividing the net profit or loss (after tax) for the year attributable to shareholders and the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

1.16. Segmental reporting

The segments have been identified taking into account the nature of the products, geographical locations, nature of risks and returns, internal organization structure and internal financial reporting system. The Company prepares its segment information in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for preparing and presenting the financial statements of the company as a whole.

1.17. Prior period items

Prior period items are disclosed separately in the Financial Statement.

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Mar 31, 2014

1.1. Basis of preparation of Financial Statements

The financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis. GAAP comprises mandatory accounting standards as specified in the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 prescribed by the Central Government and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 (to the extent applicable) and the Companies Act, 2013 (to the extent notified). As clarified by General circular 08/2014 dated 4th April 2014 issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, financial statements for the year ended 31st March 2014 have been prepared in accordance with the Companies Act, 1956.

1.2. Presentation and disclosure of financial statements

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current & non-current as per company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the revised schedule VI.

In view of no business activities carried on by the Company, 12 months has been considered by the Company as its operating cycle for the purpose of current/ non- current classification of assets and liabilities.

1.3. Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies, reported balances of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities as on the date of financial statements and reported amounts of income and expenses during the period. Management believes that the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Any difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialize. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in the current and future periods.

1.4. Fixed Assets

Tangible assets are stated at cost of acquisition / construction less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Cost of fixed assets includes non - refundable taxes and duties, borrowing cost directly attributable to the qualifying asset and any directly attributable costs of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

Capital work - in - progress comprises of cost incurred on fixed assets under construction/ development/acquisition that are not yet ready for their intended use at the Balance Sheet Date.

1.5. Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation is provided using straight line method on pro - rata basis at the rates prescribed under schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956, except in respect of certain items of plant & machinery where triple shift depreciation rate is charged instead of single shift rate. Depreciation on individual assets whose cost does not exceed five thousand rupees has been provided at the rate of hundred per cent in the year of capitalization

1.6. Impairment of assets

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date for any indication of impairment based on internal / external factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the asset''s net selling price and value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset and from its disposal at the end of its useful life.

Based on the assessment done at each balance sheet date, recognised impairment loss is further provided or reversed depending on changes in circumstances. After recognition of impairment loss or reversal of impairment loss as applicable, the depreciation charge for the fixed asset is adjusted in future periods to allocate the asset''s revised carrying amount, less its residual value (if any), on a systematic basis over its remaining useful life. If the conditions leading to recognition of impairment losses no longer exist or have decreased, impairment losses recognized are reversed to the extent it does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined after considering depreciation / amortization had no impairment loss been recognized in earlier years.

1.7. Investments

Investments are classified into current and long-term investments.

Investments that are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than a year from the date on which such investments are made are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments.

Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value of long term investments is made to recognize a decline, other than temporary, on an individual investment basis.

The cost of investments comprises purchase price and directly attributable acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties. In determining the holding cost of investments and the gain or loss on sale of investments, the ''weighted average cost'' method is followed.

1.8. Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured.

i. Dividend income on investment is accounted for in the year in which the right to receive the payment is established.

1.9. Employee Benefits

There is no employee in the Company as on 31st March 2014. There are no short term employee benefits, defined contribution and benefit plan which requires accounting in the financial statements.

1.10. Borrowing cost

Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or development of a qualifying asset are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective asset till such time the asset is ready for its intended use or sale. A qualifying asset is an asset which necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.

1.11. Taxes on income

Tax expenses comprises of current tax, deferred tax charge or credit and adjustments of taxes for earlier years.

Provision for current tax is made as per the provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax charge or credit reflects the impact of current year timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years and are measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.

Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. In situations where the Company has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profits. Deferred tax assets are reviewed for the appropriateness of their respective carrying amounts at each balance sheet date.

At each balance sheet date the Company re-assesses unrecognized deferred tax assets. It recognizes unrecognized deferred tax assets to the extent that it has become reasonably/virtually certain as the case may be that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized.

1.12. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, bank balances, deposits with banks (other than on lien) and all short term and highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

1.13. Cash flow statements

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

1.14. Provisions and contingent liabilities

A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

1.15. Earnings per share

Basic earning per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss (after tax) for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for events of bonus issue, share warrants and share split. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss (after tax) for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

1.16. Segmental reporting

The segments have been identified taking into account the nature of the products, geographical locations, nature of risks and returns, internal organization structure and internal financial reporting system. The Company prepares its segment information in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for preparing and presenting the financial statements of the company as a whole.

1.17. Prior period items

Prior period items are disclosed separately in the Financial Statement.

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Mar 31, 2013

1.1. Basis of preparation of financial Statements

The financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian Generally Accepted Account- ing Principles ("GAAP") under the historical cost convention on accrual basis. GAAP com- prises mandatory Accounting Standards as specified in the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 prescribed by the Central Government and the relevant provisions of the Compa- nies Act, 1956 and guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India.

1.2. Presentation and disclosure of financial statements:

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current & non-current as per company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the revised schedule VI.

In view of no business activities carried on by the Company, 12 months has been considered by the Company as its operating cycle for the purpose of current/ non- current classification of assets and liabilities.

1.3. Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies, reported balances of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabili- ties as on the date of financial statements and reported amounts of income and expenses during the period. Management believes that the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Actual results could differ from those esti- mates. Any difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialize. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in the current and future periods.

1.4. Fixed Assets

Tangible assets are stated at cost of acquisition / construction less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Cost of fixed assets includes non - refundable taxes and duties, borrowing cost directly attribut- able to the qualifying asset and any directly attributable costs of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

Capital work - in - progress comprises of cost incurred on fixed assets under construction/ development/acquisition that are not yet ready for their intended use at the Balance Sheet Date.

1.5. Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation is provided using straight line method on pro - rata basis at the rates prescribed under schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956, except in respect of certain items of plant &

machinery where triple shift depreciation rate is charged instead of single shift rate.

Depreciation on individual assets whose cost does not exceed five thousand rupees has been provided at the rate of hundred per cent in the year of capitalization

1.6. Impairment of assets

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date for any indication of impairment based on internal / external factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the asset''s net selling price and value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset and from its disposal at the end of its useful life.

Based on the assessment done at each balance sheet date, recognised impairment loss is further provided or reversed depending on changes in circumstances. After recognition of impairment loss or reversal of impairment loss as applicable, the depreciation charge for the fixed asset is adjusted in future periods to allocate the asset''s revised carrying amount, less its residual value (if any), on a systematic basis over its remaining useful life.

1.7. Investments

Investments are classified into current and long-term investments.

Investments that are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than a year from the date on which such investments are made are classified as current investments. All other invest- ments are classified as long-term investments.

Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value of long term investments is made to recognize a decline, other than temporary, on an individual investment basis.

The cost of investments comprises purchase price and directly attributable acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties. In determining the holding cost of investments and the gain or loss on sale of investments, the ''weighted average cost'' method is followed.

1.8. Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured.

Dividend income on investment is accounted for in the year in which the right to receive the payment is established.

1.9. Employee Benefits

There is no employee in the Company as on 31 st March 2013. During the year and in the previ- ous year, there was only one employee in the Company. There are no short term employee ben- efits, defined contribution and benefit plan which requires accounting in the financial state- ments.

1.10. Borrowing cost

Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or development of a qualifying asset are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective asset till such time the asset is ready for its intended use or sale. A qualifying asset is an asset which necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.

1.11. Taxes on income

Tax expenses comprises of current tax, deferred tax charge or credit and adjustments of taxes for earlier years.

Provision for current tax is made as per the provisions of Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax charge or credit reflects the impact of current year timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years and are measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.

Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. In situations where the Company has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all de- ferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profits. Deferred tax assets are reviewed for the appropriateness of their respective carrying amounts at each balance sheet date.

At each balance sheet date the Company re-assesses unrecognized deferred tax assets. It recog- nizes unrecognized deferred tax assets to the extent that it has become reasonably/virtually certain as the case may be that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized.

1.12. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, bank balances, deposits with banks (other than on lien) and all short term and highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

1.13. Cash flow statements

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operat- ing cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or fi- nancing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

i.14. Provisions and contingent liabilities

A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

1.15. Earnings per share

Basic earning per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss (after tax) for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period is. adjusted for events of bonus issue, share warrants and share split. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss (after tax) for the year attributable to equity share- holders with weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year and are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

1.16. Segmental reporting

The segments have been identified taking into account the nature of the products, geographical locations, nature of risks and returns, internal organization structure and internal financial re- porting system. The Company prepares its segment information in conformity with the account- ing policies adopted for preparing and presenting the financial statements of the company as a whole.

1.17. Prior period items

Prior period items are disclosed separately in the Financial Statement.

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Mar 31, 2010

(A) Basis of preparation of financial statements :

(i) The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention and accrual basis in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles and provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 as adopted consistently by the Company.

(ii) Accounting policies not specifically referred to otherwise be consistent with generally accepted accounting principles followed by the Company.

(B) Fixed Assets and Depreciation :

(i) Fixed Assets are stated at cost less depreciation.

(ii) Depreciation is provided on Straight-Line method at the rates specified in Schedule - XIV of the Companies Act, 1956

(C) Impairment of Assets

An asset is treated as impaired when carrying cost of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount. An impairment loss, if any, is charged to the Profit and Loss Account in the year in which an asset is identified as impaired. The impairment loss recognized in prior accounting periods is reversed if there has been a change in the estimate of the recoverable amount.

(D) Investments:

(i) Long Term Investments are carried at cost after deducting provisions, where the fall in market value has been considered as other than temporary in nature.

(ii) Current Investments are valued at lower of cost or market value.

(E) Valuation of Inventories:

Raw materials, stores & spares and finished goods are valued at cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower. Cost is determined on FIFO Basis.

(F) Borrowing Cost:

Borrowing costs that are attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost till the assets are ready for use. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for intended use. All other borrowing costs are treated as expense in the period in which these are incurred.

(G) Sales:

Sales are net off sales tax. Revenue from sales is recognized at the point of dispatch to the customers when the risk and reward stands transferred to the customers.

(H) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities & Contingent Assets:

Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources. Contingent Liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the notes to the accounts. Contingent Asset is neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statements.

(I) Taxes on Income

Current Tax is determined as the tax payable in respect of taxable income for the year.

Provision is made for Deferred tax for all timing differences arising between taxable in- come and accounting income at currently enacted or substantively enacted tax rate.

Deferred Tax assets are recognized, only if there is reasonable certainty that they will be realized and are reviewed for the appropriateness of their respective carrying values at each balance sheet date.