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Notes to Accounts of Hindalco Industries Ltd.

Mar 31, 2023

(a) Gujarat industrial Development Corporation (''GIDC'') is constructing a common desalination plant (the ''Plant'') at Dahej Industrial Area in Gujarat through a SPV, having total estimated cost of '' 1,140 Crore. The Company particpation is 10% of total MLD. The Company has paid an advance of '' 91 Crore to GIDC (representing 80% of our share out of total planned cost). Pending finalisation of the structure of the SPV, this amount has been recorded under Capital Advance.

(b) Prepaid Expenses - current include Nil (as at 31/03/2022''24 Crore) towards excess CSR spent carried forward to subsequent years, Refer Note 58(a) for further details.

(c) Prepaid Expenses - current includes '' 50 Crore (as at 31/03/2022 Nil) towards surplus Plan Assets of Gratuity Fund recognised, Refer Note 26A (I)(a)(iv) for further details.

(d) Mainly includes unutilised Indirect tax credits and claims receivables from Indirect Tax Authorities.

(e) Includes '' 192 Crore (Garepalma mines at Chattisgarh '' 74 Crore and Kathautia mines in Jharkhand '' 118 Crore) [as at 31/03/2022''192 Crore (Garepalma mines '' 74 Crore and Kathautia mines '' 118 Crore)] towards appropriation of Performance Bank Guarantee by Nominated Authority (NA), Refer Note 45 (a) for further details.

(f) Refer Note 47 for balances with related parties.

(a) The Company has applied fair value hedge accounting on its inventory which forms part of Work-in-Progress and Finished Goods. Fair value hedges are mainly used to hedge the exposure to change in fair value of commodity price risks. The fair value adjustment remains part of the carrying value of inventory and is taken to the statement of profit and loss when the inventory is either sold or consumed, Refer Note 11(a) and 11(h).

(b) For Inventories hypothecated against secured short-term borrowings, Refer Note 22B (a).

(c) Write downs of inventories (net of reversal) to net realizable value related to raw materials, work-in-progress and finished goods amounted to '' 625 Crore (as at 31/03/2022''586 Crore). These were recognized as expense during the year and included in ''cost of material consumed'' and ''change in value of inventories of Finished goods, Work-in-Progress and Stock in Trade'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(d) Inventories in hand include bulk materials of Coal, Bauxite and Copper Concentrate lying at yards, mines, plants and precious metals of Gold and Silver lying at Copper smelter and refinery aggregating to '' 4,232 Crore (as at 31/03/2022 '' 4,302 Crore).

(b) The Company is in the process of disposing the above assets.

(c) During the previous year ended 31/03/2022, the Company evaluated operational performance along with present environmental norms of its Di Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) Plant and decided to decommission the same. Accordingly it recognised impairment loss amounting to '' 76 Crore. During the year ended 31/03/2023, the Company has classified these assets having carrying amount of '' 14 Crore as held for sale.

(d) In earlier years, the Company had impaired certain equipment and accessories classified as held for sale resulting carrying amount '' 2 Crore as at 31/03/2022. During the year ended 31/03/2023, the Company has written back impairment loss on determination of its realizable value (Net of cost to sales) amounting to '' 12 Crore. Portion of such equipments are disposed during the year and rest with carrying amount '' 7 Crore lying as at 31/03/2023.

(e) The fair value of the assets held for sale approximates the carrying value.

(a) Issued Equity Capital as at 31/03/2023 includes 7,397 Equity Shares (as at 31/03/2022 7,397 Equity Shares) of '' 1/- each issued on Rights basis kept in abeyance due to legal case pending.

(b) Treasury shares include :

(i) Shares held by Trident Trust which represents equity shares of '' 1/- each fully paid-up of the Company issued, pursuant to a Scheme of Arrangements approved by the Hon''ble High Courts of Mumbai and of Allahabad, vide their Orders dated 31st October, 2002, and 18th November, 2002, respectively, to the Trident Trust, created wholly for the benefit of the Company and is being managed by trustees appointed by it. The tenure of the Trust is up to January 23, 2024.

(ii) Shares held by Hindalco Employee Welfare Trust (ESOP Trust) which represents equity shares of '' 1/- each fully paid-up of the Company. The Trust buys shares of the Company from the market, for giving shares to employees pursuant to the Employees Stock Option Scheme (ESOS), 2018. Refer Note 21 (a) (viii) for further details.

(a) Brief Descriptions of items of Other Equity are given below:

(i) Share Application Money pending Allotment:

Share application money pending allotment represents amount received from employees who has exercised employee stock options for which shares are pending allotment as on balance sheet date.

(ii) Capital Reserve:

The Company has created capital reserve pursuant to past mergers and acquisitions.

(iii) Capital Redemption Reserve:

The Company has created capital redemption reserve as per the requirement of the Companies Act.

(iv) Business Reconstruction Reserve:

The Company had formulated a scheme of financial restructuring under sections 391 to 394 of the Companies Act 1956 ("the Scheme") between the Company and its equity shareholders approved by the High Court of judicature of Bombay to deal with various costs associated with its organic and inorganic growth plan. Pursuant to this, a separate reserve account titled as Business Reconstruction Reserve ("BRR") was created during the year 2008-09 by transferring balance standing to the credit of Securities Premium Account of the Company for adjustment of certain expenses as prescribed in the Scheme.

(v) Securities Premium:

Securities premium reserve is used to record the premium on issue of shares. The reserve is utilized in accordance with the provision of the Act.

(vi) Debenture Redemption Reserve:

The Company is required to create a debenture redemption reserve out of the profits which is available for payment of dividend, for the purpose of redemption of debentures.

(vii) Employee Stock Options:

The employee stock option account is used to recognize the grant date fair value of options /RSUs issued to employees under stock option schemes.

(viii) Treasury Shares held by ESOP Trust

The Company has created a trust, namely "Hindalco Employee Welfare Trust"(ESOP Trust) for providing share-based payments to its employees (including its Subsidiaries'' employees). The Company uses this Trust as a vehicle for issuing shares to employees covered under the Scheme. The Trust buys shares of the Company from the stock exchange, for issuing shares to employees after excercising under the Employees Stock Option Scheme, 2018. Shares held by Trust are treated as Treasury shares. Equity instruments that are reacquired (Treasury shares) are recognised at cost and deducted from equity. No gain or loss is recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss on purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of Equity instruments. Share options whenever exercised, would be utilised from such treasury shares, Refer Note 26B(b).

(ix) General Reserve:

The Company has created this reserve by transferring certain amount out of the profit at the time of distribution of dividend in the past.

(x) Retained Earning

Amount of retained earnings represents accumulated profit and losses of the Company as on reporting date. Such profits and losses are after adjustment of payment of dividend, transfer to any reserves as statutorily required and adjustment for realised gain/loss on derecognition of equity instruments measured at FVTOCI. Actuarial Gain/ Loss arising out of Actuarial valuation is immediately transferred to Retained Earning.

(xi) Gain/ (Loss) on equity and debt instruments accounted as FVTOCI

The Company has elected to recognize changes in the fair value of certain investments in other comprehensive income. These changes are accumulated within the FVTOCI equity investments reserve and FVTOCI debt investment reserve within equity.

(xii) Effective portion of Cash Flow Hedge:

The Company uses hedging instruments as part of its risk management policy for commodity and foreign currency risk as described in note 11. The Cash Flow hedging reserve is used to recognise the effective portion of gain or loss on designated hedging relationship, Refer Note 11 (e) and 11 (f).

(xiii) Cost of Hedging Reserve:

The Company designates the spot component of some of its derivative instruments in fair value hedge relationship and cash flow hedge relationship. The Company defers changes in the forward element of such instruments in the cost of hedging reserve. For fair value hedge forward points at inception is amortized on a straight line basis from the OCI based on the remaining life of trade. For cash flow hedge the deferred cost of hedging are included in the initial cost of the related hedged items when it is recognized or reclassified to the statement of profit and loss when the hedged item effects the statement of profit and loss. The Company designates the intrinsic value of option contracts whereas the time value of option contracts is included in the cost of hedging reserve, Refer Note 11 (e) and 11 (f).

(b) Movement of each item of other equity is presented in Statement of Changes in Equity.

(c) Shareholders of the Company approved final dividend of '' 4 per fully paid up equity shares aggregating to '' 890 Crore (net of dividend on treasury shares) for the year ended 31/03/2022 which was paid during this financial year.

(d) The Board of Directors of the Company has recommended final dividend of '' 3 per fully paid up equity share aggregating to '' 667 Crore (net of dividend on treasury shares) for the year ended 31/03/2023 which has not been recognised in the financial statement, and is subject to the approval of shareholders in annual general meeting.

(ii) During the year, the Company has issued 70,000 7.60% Redeemable Non-Convertible Debentures amounting to '' 700 crore maturing on March 18, 2024 to meet the working capital requirement. These Non-Convertible debt securities has been issued to comply with provisions of SEBI Circular No. SEBI/HO/DDHS/CIR/P/2018/144 dated November 26, 2018 related to listed large corporate. As of March 31, 2023, the entire proceeds from issue of non-convertible debentures have been utilized for the purpose mentioned in the Debenture Trust Deed.

(i) All the secured Debentures were secured by movable items of Property, Plant and Equipment, both present and future (except movable assets of Mahan Aluminium plant, Aditya Aluminium plant, Kalwa plant, Current Assets of the Company) and certain immovable properties of the Company: Refer Note 2A.

(i) 100 basis points (bps) is equal to 1%

(ii) Repo rate is the rate at which RBI lends funds to commercial banks.

(iii) Marginal Cost of funds based Lending Rate (MCLR) is a tenor-linked internal benchmark rate of respective bank

(I) The term loans from banks of '' 2,858 Crore (gross) (31/03/2022: '' 2,934 Crore) are secured by a first ranking charge/ mortgage/ security interest in respect of all the movable and immovable items of Property, Plant and Equipment of Mahan Aluminium plant, both present and future, carrying value '' 10,861 Crore (as at 31/03/2022''11,238 Crore), Refer Note 2A. Term loan amounting to '' 2,858 Crore (gross) (31/03/2022: '' 2,934 Crore) is to be repaid in 17 quarterly instalments commencing from June 2026. ICICI Bank loan of '' 76 Crore has been prepaid in FY 2023.

(II) The term loan of '' 6,299 Crore (gross) (31/03/2022: '' 6,299 Crore) is secured by a first ranking charge/ mortgage/security interest in respect of all the movable and immovable items of Property, Plant and Equipment of Aditya Aluminium plant both present and future, carrying value of '' 11,320 Crore (as at 31/03/2022''11,693 Crore), Refer Note 2A. Term loan amounting to '' 6,299 Crore (gross) (31/03/2022: '' 6,299 Crore) is to be repaid in 26 quarterly instalments commencing from 01/06/2024.

(III) The term loan of '' 2,500 Crore (gross) is secured by a first ranking charge/ mortgage/security interest in respect of all the movable and immovable items of Property, Plant and Equipment of Mahan Aluminium plant both present and future, carrying value '' 10,861 Crore (as at 31/03/2022''11,238 Crore), Refer Note 2A.Term loan amounting to '' 2,500 Crore (gross) is to be repaid in 34 quarterly instalments commencing from October 2023.

(a) Working Capital Loan for Aluminium business, granted under the Consortium Lending Arrangement, are secured by a first pari-passu charge on entire stocks of raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, consumable stores and spares and also book debts pertaining to the Company''s Aluminium business, both present and future. Working Capital Loan for the Copper business is secured by a first pari passu charge on stocks of raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods and consumable stores and spares and also book debts and other movable assets of Copper business, both present and future, Refer Note 15 (b) and 16 (b).

(b) Foreign currency loans from Indian Banks and Offshore branch of Foreign banks are mainly in nature of Buyers credit which has been availed for Copper business to meet its working capital requirement mostly to settle import payments of copper concentrate and certain other raw materials. Refer Note 11(c) on non-derivative financial instruments used as hedging instruments.

(b) Brief Description of Provisions

(i) Assets Retirement Obligations

Asset Retirement Obligation (ARO) is a Legal or constructive obligation associated with the ash ponds, ash pipeline and coal transportation system at captive power plants, red mud ponds at refineries and mining area where these Lands need to be restored back to usable condition after closing of activities. This is a statutory requirement in which the timing or method of settlement may be conditional on one or multiple future events, the occurrence of which may not be within

the control of the entity. The outflow of economic resources is expected over a period until FY 47. The same has been appropriately discounted.

(ii) Environmental Liability

Environmental Liability associated with Wild Life Conservation Plan (WLCP) and disposal of hazardous material generated during the course of manufacturing or mining operation e.g. disposal of spent pot lining, Gypsum, Slag, Ash etc. This disposal generally takes place as per the guidelines set by various regulatory authorities of States and Central Government. The outflow of economic resources is generally expected over a period until FY 31.

(iii) Enterprise Social Commitment

Enterprise Social Commitment is the amount to be spent on social and economic development of the surrounding area where new project is being setup. This is generally defined as a certain percentage of the total cost of the project. The outflow of economic resources is expected expected over a period until FY 56. This has been appropriately discounted wherever necessary.

(iv) Legal Cases

There are few Legal cases against which provision has been made since these events are probable to happen i.e. more likely than not but timing of occurrence of such events is uncertain as it depends on when the matter will be settled at the highest Court of Law.

(v) Renewable Power Obligation (RPO)

Some of our units situated in various states like Odisha, Madhya Pradesh , Maharashtra ,Gujarat, Jharkhand etc. who gets power from Captive power plants or procure power from open source, are obligated to purchase certain portion of their power consumption from Renewable Energy sources both solar and non-solar. This gives rise to Renewable Power Obligation (RPO). In case the obligated units fail to procure power from such renewable sources, they may satisfy the obligation by purchasing Renewable Energy Certificates from authorised exchanges as an alternative.

(vi) Miscellaneous Provision

Includes Statutory provisions related to Indirect Taxes, Coal Cess etc.

(c) During 2017-18, while purchasing Non-Solar Renewable Energy Certificates (REC) to meet our obligation, the Company had to pay '' 500 per REC aggregating to '' 134 Crore as deposit to the REC Exchange in an Escrow account pursuant the directives from the Supreme Court of India. Provision for RPO as at 31/03/2022 was net of these REC deposits under escrow amount. During the current year, the REC Exchange has returned this amount against the bank guarantee provided by the Company. Accordingly, the provision has been adjusted for the same.

(d) Pursuant to the notification dated 31/12/2021 issued by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), the Company recognised provision of '' 107 Crore for expected cost of disposal/stabilisation of legacy ash lying in ash dykes/ponds as at 31/03/2022. The estimate was based on the plan for disposal and/ or stabilisation of ash dykes/ponds considering feasibility of extraction of ash from ash dykes/ponds.

Subsequently, the MoEFCC, vide notification dated 30/12/2022 amended the said notification whereby, any new or operational thermal power plant may be permitted to designate its ash dykes/ponds as operational ash dyke/pond. The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in consultation with the Central Electricity Authority (CEA) was directed to issue guidelines, on or before 31/03/2023, relating to technical specifications of operational as well as stabilised and reclaimed ash dykes/ ponds, procedure for annual certification of such ash dykes/ponds or on various aspects like safety, mode of disposal etc.

Considering that such guidelines are yet to be notified, the Company continues to recognise the balance provision amounting to '' 91 Crore as at 31/03/2023 towards expected cost of disposal/stabilisation under provision for Environmental Liability.

A. Post-Employment Benefits

The Company provides various benefit plans to its employees. Some of them are defined benefit in nature while some are contributory.

I. Defined Benefit Plans:

Major Post retiral defined benefit plans of the Company include Gratuity, Post retirement medical benefit and Provident Fund (to the extent of Company''s obligation to fund any shortfall on the yield of the trust''s investments over the administered interest rates on an annual basis by Central Provident Fund Organisation of Goverment of India). The Company does Actuarial valuation for its identified defined benefit plans.

Methodology for actuarial valuation of Defined Benefit Obligations:

The Projected Unit Credit (PUC) actuarial method has been used to assess the plan''s liabilities, including those related to death-in-service and incapacity benefits.

Under PUC method a projected accrued benefit is calculated at the beginning of the year and again at the end of the year for each benefit that will accrue for all active members of the plan. The projected accrued benefit is based on the plan''s accrual formula and upon service as of the beginning or end of the year, but using a member''s final compensation, projected to the age at which the employee is assumed to leave active service. The plan liability is the actuarial present value of the projected accrued benefits for active members.

Defined benefit plans expose the Company to actuarial risks such as: Interest Rate Risk, Salary Risk and Demographic Risk.

(i) Interest Rate Risk: While calculating the defined benefit obligation a discount rate based on government bonds yields of matching tenure is used to arrive at the present value of future obligations. If the bond yield falls, the defined benefit obligation will tend to increase and plan assets will decrease.

(ii) Salary risk: Higher than expected increases in salary will increase the defined benefit obligation.

(iii) Demographic risk: This is the risk of variability of results due to unsystematic nature of decrements that include mortality, withdrawal, disability and retirement. The effect of these decrements on the defined benefit obligations is not straight forward and depends on the combination of salary increase, discount rate and vesting criteria. It is important not to overstate withdrawals because in the financial analysis the retirement benefit of a short career employee typically costs less per year as compared to a long service employee.

(xiii) Expected Contributions to post employment benefit plan of Gratuity for the year ending 31st March, 2024 are nil.

(xiv) The Company has not recognised the surplus in its plan assets of gratuity fund since no future economic benefits are expected in the form of reduction in future contributions to the gratuity plan or refund from the gratuity plan.

(b) Post Retirement Medical Benefit

This is a defined benefit plan where the Company provides post retirement medical benefit to its certain retired employees. The scheme involves reimbursement of expenses towards medical treatment of self and dependents. The amount charged to the Statement Profit and Loss during the year is '' 0.33 Crore (year ended 31/03/2022''0.32 Crore) and amount of actuarial (gain)/ loss recognised in Other Comprehensive Income during the year is '' (2) Crore (year ended 31/03/2022 '' (4) Crore). The obligation with respect to said scheme as at 31/03/2023''4 Crore ( year ended 31/03/2022''5 Crore) .

(c) Junior and Senior Pension Plan

Junior and Senior Pension Plan provided to certain employees is in the nature of defined benefit plan which provides an annuity in the form of pension amount at retirement.

(d) Other Pension Plan

It is a pension benefit provided to erstwhile Managing Director. The amount charged to statement of Profit and Loss during the year is '' 3 Crore (year ended 31/03/2022''3 Crore). Amount of actuarial (gain)/ loss recognised in Other Comprehensive Income during the year is '' (2) Crore (year ended 31/03/2022''0 Crore). The obligation with respect to these schemes as at 31/03/2023''43 Crore ( year ended 31/03/2022''46 Crore).

(e) Provident Fund (Managed by Trust)

The Company''s contribution towards Provident Fund managed by approved trusts, which are substantially a defined benefit plan, is debited to the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company has an obligation to fund any shortfall on the yield of the trust''s investments over the administered interest rates on an annual basis by Central Provident Fund Organisation

of Government of India. The amount debited to Statement of Profit and Loss during the year was '' 75 Crore (year ended 31/03/2022''68 Crore). Based on actuarial valuation, the Company has recognised obligation of Nil as at 31/03/2023 (year ended 31/03/2022 Nil ) towards shortfall on the yield of the trust''s investments over the administered interest rates. Amount of actuarial (gain)/ Loss recognised in Other Comprehensive Income during the year is '' (0) Crore (year ended 31/03/2022 '' (5) Crore).

II. Defined Contribution Plans

The Company has certain defined contribution plans such as provident funds (not managed by Trust), superannuation fund and family pension fund for the benefit of the employees. The Contributions are made to registered funds/ organisation administered by the government. The obligation of the Company is limited to the amount contributed and it has no further contractual nor any constructive obligation.

(a) Pension

It is a contributory benefit plan where the Company contributes a certain percentage of salary for all eligible employees in the managerial cadre towards Superannuation Funds with option to put certain portion in National Pension Scheme (NPS) and/or in funds managed by Birla Sunlife Insurance Company to be converted to annuity of Life Insurance Corporation of India at retirement. The amount charged to statement of Profit and Loss during the year is '' 17 Crore (year ended 31/03/2022 '' 16 Crore). Amount of actuarial (gain)/ loss recognised in Other Comprehensive Income during the year is '' 0 Crore (year ended 31/03/2022''0 Crore).

(b) Provident Fund (Other than Trust)

In respect of certain employees, the Company''s contribution towards Provident Fund as specified under the law is paid to the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner and is debited to the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company also contributes to Coal Mines Provident Fund (CMPF) in respect of employees working in coal mines. The amount debited to Statement of Profit and Loss during the year is '' 30 Crore (year ended 31/03/2022''32 Crore).

B. Other Employee Benefit plans

(a) Leave Obligation

The leave obligation cover the Company''s liability for earned and sick leave. The entire amount of the provision of '' 271 Crore (year ended 31/03/2022''261 Crore) is presented as current, since the Company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for these obligations. Expected amount towards settlement of Leave for the next 12 months are '' 44 Crore (31/03/2022''41 Crore) .

(b) Employee Share-based Payments

Refer Note 1B (W) for accounting policy on Employee Share-based Payments

The Company has formulated employee share-based payment schemes with the objective to attract and retain talent and align the interest of employees with the Company as well as to motivate them to contribute to its growth and profitability. The Company views employee stock options as instruments that would enable the employees to share the value they create for the Company in the years to come. At present, the following employee share-based payment schemes are in operation, details of which are given below:

(i) Employee Stock Option Scheme 2006 ("ESOS 2006”):

The shareholders of the Company has approved on 23/01/2007 an Employee Stock Option Scheme 2006 ("ESOS 2006"), under which the Company may grant up to 3,475,000 stock options to its permanent employees in the management cadre, whether working in India or out of India, including Managing and the Whole Time Directors of the Company, in one or more tranches. The ESOS 2006 is administrated by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). Each stock option, when exercised, would be converted into one fully paid-up equity share of '' 1/- each of the Company. The stock options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after completion of one year of service from the date of grant. The exercise price shall be average price of the equity shares of the Company in the immediate preceding seven day period on the date prior to the date on which the ESOS compensation committee finalises the specific numbers of Options to be granted to the employees discounted by such percentage not exceeding 30 % (thirty percent) to be determined by ESOS Compensation Committee in the best interest of the various stake holders in the prevailing market conditions. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting and these stock options do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, forfeited/ expired stock options are also available for grant. Further, on 23/09/2011 the ESOS 2006 has been partially modified and by which the Company may grant 6,475,000 stock options to its eligible employees.

Under the ESOS 2006, till 31/03/2023 the Committee has granted 4,328,159 stock options (31/03/2022: 4,328,159 stock options) to its eligible employees out of which 1,819,941 stock options (31/03/2022: 1,819,941 stock options) has been forfeited/ expired and are available for grant as per term of the Scheme.

(ii) Employee Stock Option Scheme 2013 C''ESOS 2013”):

The shareholders of the Company has approved on 10/09/2013 an Employee Stock Option Scheme 2013 ("ESOS 2013"), under which the Company may grant up to 5,462,000 Options (comprising of Stock Options and/ or Restricted Stock Units (RSU)) to the permanent employees in the management cadre and Managing and Whole time Directors of the Company and its subsidiary companies in India and abroad, in one or more tranches. The ESOS 2013 is administered by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). The stock options exercise price would be determined by the Committee, whereas the RSUs exercise price shall be the face value of the equity shares of the Company as at the date of grant of RSUs. Each stock option and each RSU entitles the holders to apply for and be allotted one fully paid-up equity share of '' 1/- each of the Company upon payment of exercise price during exercise period. The stock options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after completion of one year of the services from the date of grant, whereas RSU will vest upon completion of three years of services from the date of grant. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting and these stock option/ RSU do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, forfeited/ expired stock options and RSUs are also available for grant.

In terms of ESOS 2013, till 31/03/2023 the Committee has granted 2,250,754 stock options and 2,252,254 RSUs (31/03/2022: 2,250,754 stock options and 2,252,254 RSUs) to the eligible employees of the Company and some of its subsidiary companies. Further, 301,381 stock options and 213,095 RSUs (31/03/2022: 301,381 stock options and 213,095 RSUs) has been forfeited/ expired and are available for grant as per term of the Scheme.

Committee") and the Hindalco Employees Welfare Trust ("Trust"). The Stock options exercise price would be determined by the Committee whereas the RSU exercise price shall be the face value of the equity shares of the Company as at the date of grant of RSUs. Each stock option and each RSU entitles the holders to apply for and be allotted one fully paid-up equity share of '' 1/- each of the Company upon payment of exercise price during the exercise period. The Options and RSUs Granted under the Scheme 2018 shall vest, subject to compliance with the minimum vesting period of one year, within a period of four years for Options and of three years for RSUs from the Grant Date, in the manner set out in the respective vesting letters to be issued by the Company to the Grantees from time to time. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting and these stock options/RSUs do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, forfeited/expired stock options and RSUs are also available for grant. The options shall lapse in case of performance linked vesting conditions are not met.

Under ESOS 2013, the range of exercise prices for stock options outstanding as at 31/03/2023 was '' 119.45 to '' 167.15 (31/03/2022: '' 119.45 to '' 167.15) whereas exercise price in case of RSUs was '' 1.00 (31/03/2022: '' 1.00). The weighted average remaining contractual life for the stock options and RSUs outstanding as at 31/03/2023 was 1.72 years and 1.72 years, respectively (31/03/2022: 1.09 years and 2.73 years, respectively).

The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of ESOS 2013 was '' 392.76 per share (31/03/2022''460.52 per share).

(iii) Employee Stock Option Scheme 2018 ("ESOS 2018”):

The shareholders of the Company has approved on 21/09/2018 an Employee Stock Option Scheme 2018 ("ESOS 2018"), formulated by the Company, under which the Company may grant not more than 13,957,302 [Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units(''RSU'')] to the permanent employees of the Company in management cadre including Managing and the Wholetime Director of the Company and its subsidiary companies in India and abroad, in one or more tranches. The ESOS 2018 is administered by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the

Under ESOS 2018, the range of exercise prices for stock options outstanding as at 31/03/2023 was '' 159.30 to '' 453.95 (31/03/2022 was '' 159.30 to '' 453.95) whereas exercise price in case of RSUs was '' 1 (31/03/2022: '' 1). The weighted average remaining contractual life for the stock options and RSUs outstanding as at 31/03/2023 was 5.02 years and 5.90 years, respectively (31/03/2022 was 5.29 years and 5.50 years respectively).

The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of ESOS 2018 was '' 416.04 per share (31/03/2022 was '' 509.37 per share).

The fair values at grant date of stock options granted during the year ended 31/03/2023 was '' 159.32 to '' 215.70 (31/03/2022 was '' 176.04 to '' 220.36) and fair values in case of RSUs was '' 350.00 to '' 413.12 (31/03/2022 was '' '' 419.15 to '' 435.62), respectively. The fair valuation has been carried out by an independent valuer by applying Black and Scholes Model. The inputs to the model include the exercise price, the term of option, the share price at grant date and the expected volatility, expected dividends and the risk free rate of interest for terms of options.

(iv) Stock Appreciation Rights CSAR 2018''):

The Company till 31/03/2023, has granted 196,064 Option SAR and 57,150 RSU SAR (31/03/2022: 156,694 Option SAR and 50,665 RSU SAR) under the Share Appreciation Rights Scheme 2018 ("SAR 2018") to its eligible employees. The Options and RSU SAR Granted shall vest, in the manner set out in the respective vesting letters to be issued by the Company to the Grantees from time to time.The SAR 2018 is administered by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). The SAR 2018 have performance linked vesting conditions which are decided by the committee and are cash settled. The options shall lapse in case of performance linked vesting conditions are not met.

The weighted average remaining contractual life for the Option SAR as at 31/03/2023 is 1.70 to 5.31 years (31/03/2022: 2.70 to 5.35 years) and RSU SAR as at 31/03/2023 is 1.70 to 5.31 years (31/03/2022: 2.70 to 5.35 years).

The total intrinsic value at the end of the year of the vested Option SAR and RSU SAR is '' 2.86 Crore (31/03/2022''2.42 Crore). The liability for outstanding option is of '' 3 Crore (31/03/2022: '' 4 Crore).

Effect of Employee Share-Based Payment transactions on Profit or Loss for the period and on financial position:

For the year ended 31/03/2023, the Company recognised total expenses of '' 47 Crore (31/03/2022''40 Crore) related to equity-settled and cash-settled share based transactions. During the year ended 31/03/2023, the Company has directly allotted 21,861 (31/03/2022: 488,477) fully paid-up equity shares of '' 1/- each of the Company on exercise of equity settled options for which the Company has realised '' 0.28 Crore (31/03/2022: '' 6 Crore) as exercise prices. The Company has also allotted 801,930 (31/03/2022: 878,968) fully paid-up equity share of '' 1/- each of the Company through its ESOP trust on exercise of equity settled options for which the Company has realised '' 6 Crore (31/03/2022: '' 15 Crore) as exercise prices.

The Company has received '' 0.66 Crore (31/03/2022''0.70 Crore) from UtkaL Alumina International Limited and HindaLco - Almex Aerospace Limited (Subsidiaries) towards the grant of 112,836 Stock Options and 77,790 RSUs (31/03/2022: 91,611 Stock Options and 49,061 RSUs) under ESOS 2018 which is netted off from Employee Share-Based Payments Expenses.

(a) Supplier''s credit represents the extended interest bearing credit offered by the supplier which is secured against Usance Letter of Credit (LC). Under this arrangement, the supplier is eligible to receive payment from negotiating bank prior to the expiry of the extended credit period. The interest for the extended credit period payable to the bank on maturity of the LC has been presented under Finance Cost.

(b) Supplier''s credit also includes amounts payable towards Accounts Receivable Purchase Scheme ("ARPS") entered into with the suppliers. Under this arrangement, the supplier is eligible to receive payment prior to the expiry of extended credit period by assigning such invoices to a third-party purchaser bank based on security in the form of an undertaking issued by the Company to the bank. Further, the supplier charges interest to the Company for the extended credit period which has been presented under Finance Cost.

(a) Sales of Copper products and precious metals are accounted for provisionally, pending finalization of price and quantity. Variations are accounted for in the period of settlement. Final price receivable on sale of above products for which provisional price was not finalized are realigned at year end forward LME/LMBA rate and is being presented as part of other operating revenue. Revenue from subsequent variation in price movement is Gain of '' 12 Crore (year ended 31/03/2022, loss of '' 24 Crore).

(b) Includes nutrient based subsidy of Phosphorus (P) & Potassium (K) arising from sale of Di-Ammonium phosphate (DAP) '' 1,292 Crore (year ended 31/03/2022''441 Crore).

(c) Sale of services predominantly include freight and insurance on exports which are identified as separate performance obligation under Ind AS 115.

(d) Includes Government Grant in the nature of sales related export Incentives and other benefits of '' 400 Crore (year ended 31/03/2022''408 Crore).

Stock options granted to the employees under various ESOP schemes are considered to be potential equity shares. They have been included in the determination of diluted earnings per share to the extent they are dilutive. 833,136 shares (year ended 31/03/2022 538,978 Shares) options granted under Employee Stock option scheme but were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because they are antidilutive for the period. Options can potentially dilute basic earnings per share in the future depending on future share price of the Company.The stock options have not been included in the determination of basic earnings per share. For details relating to stock options, Refer Note 26.

45 (a) Gare Palma IV/4 (GP-4), Gare Palma IV/5 (GP-5) and Kathautia coal mines were acquired by the Company through auction conducted by the Nominated Authority (NA constituted under the Ministry of Coal, Government of India. The Company was required to achieve certain efficiency parameters and reach their Peak Rated Capacity (PRC) during FY 2015-16. Performance security in the form of Performance Bank Guarantees (PBG) of '' 318 Crore (for GP-4), '' 369 Crore (for GP-5) and '' 267 Crore (for Kathautia) were provided by the Company to NA in this regard.

Due to the various delays on the part of Government Authorities, PRC was achieved by the Company for GP-4 and GP-5 during FY 2016-17 and for Kathautia during FY 2017-18. Having satisfied itself about achievement of efficiency parameters/ PRC, NA returned the PBG in respect of GP-4 on June 19, 2017. However, in a volte face action, vide a letter dated 25th April, 2018, NA imposed a penalty equal to 20% of PBG amounting to '' 64 Crore for GP-4, '' 74 Crore for GP-5 and '' 118 Crore for Kathautia (Refer Note - 14(e)). As the PBG for GP-5 is still with NA, it also appropriated an amount equal to the penalty from the PBG of the GP-5 mines. For Kathautia Coal Mine only appropriated amount of '' 118 Crore is with NA. In terms of agreement, the Company has not renewed the PBG for remaining amount.

The above actions were contested by the Company. The Hon''ble Chhattisgarh High Court at Bilaspur has already given its judgment in favour of the Company in the matter related to GP-5. As per the judgment, Hon''ble High Court has asked NA to refund the amount appropriated by them and return the PBG to the Company. The NA has filed an appeal before the Hon''ble Supreme Court. The Company''s appeal to quash the demand raised by NA in case of GP-4 and Kathautia is yet to be decided and is pending before the Mines Tribunal at Bilaspur and Ranchi respectively.

(b) For the period from 1st July 2021 to 25th November 2021, there was lack of clarity with regard to the deduction of tax at source on procurement of coal as there were concurrent provision for collection as well as deduction of tax at source. There was an existing provision for tax collection at source by the seller u/s 206C(1) whereas the newly introduced section 194Q provided for deduction of tax at source by the buyer. At the same time, subsection 5 of section 194Q specifically excluded the operation of section 194Q in cases where tax collection at source was already applicable. It

was, therefore, evident that there was no need for deduction of tax at source by the buyer (in the present case, the Company). However, on 25th November 2021, CBDT came out with a circular stating that tax deduction was applicable in cases where buyer is using coal for his own consumption, tax need to be deducted at source by the buyer. Accordingly, the Company started deducting and depositing tax on such purchases with effect from 1st November 2021. However, the tax for the period from 1st July 2021 to 31st October 2021 was deposited by the Company in October 2022 along with applicable interest.

46. Segment Reporting

The Company has presented segment information in its Consolidated Financial Statements, which are part of the same annual report. Accordingly, in terms of provisions of Accounting Standard on Segment Reporting (Ind AS 108), no disclosure related to the segment are presented in the Standalone Financial Statements.

to our responsibility for compliance with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations. The estimated costs in respect of such reported liabilities are not offset by amounts related to insurance or indemnification arrangements unless otherwise noted.

48. Contingent Liabilities and Commitments

Refer Note 1B (L) for accounting policy on Provisions and contingencies A. Contingent Liabilities

The Company is party to, and may in the future be involved in, or subject to, disputes, claims and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business, including some we assert against others, such as environmental, health and safety, product liability, employee, tax, personal injury and other matters. The Company has established a liability with respect to contingencies for which a loss is probable and estimable. While the ultimate resolution of liability and costs related to these matters cannot be determined with certainty, the Management does not believe any of these pending actions, individually or in the aggregate, will materially impact our operations or materially affect our financial condition or Liquidity. The Company''s estimates involve significant judgment, and therefore, the estimate will change from time to time and actual losses may differ from the current estimate.

Management reviews the status of, and estimated liability related to, pending claims and civil actions on a quarterly basis. The evaluation model includes all asserted and unasserted claims that can be reasonably identified including claims relating

31/03/2023

('' in Crore)

> at

31/03/2022

(a) Claims against Company not acknowledged as Debt:

Following demands are disputed by the Company and are not provided for:

(i) The tax authorities issued an arbitrary Demand Notice to the company for payment of interest on Entry Tax. Company has challenged the said notice by filing a Writ Tax -218/2023 in Allahabad High Court. The High Court by its Order gave protection against any coercive action till next date of listing. The challenge is to the power of levy of interest as well as legitimacy of such levy in the face of the facts as well as applicable law.

278

(ii) Customs duty implication on goods importing during transition into GST regime. The matter is pending at Customs, Excise and Service Tax Appellate Tribunal (CESTAT).

16

-

(iii) Demand for Stamp Duty by Collector (Stamp), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.) on merger of Copper Business of Indo-Gulf Corporation with the Company.The matter is pending before the Hon''ble High Court of Allahabad. The Company believes that there is no substantive/computation provision for levy/calculation of stamp duty within the provisions of Uttar Pradesh Stamp Act on scheme of arrangement under the Companies Act, 1956, approved by the Court. Moreover, the properties in question are located in the State of Gujarat and, thus, the Collector (Stamp), Kanpur, has no territorial jurisdiction to make such a demand. Further, the Company has already paid the stamp duty for the same in 2003-04 which has been accepted as per the provisions of the Bombay Stamp Act, 1958.

20

20

(iv) Demand towards drawal of energy during peak hours by Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (UPPCL)/ Purvanchal Vidyut Vitran Nigam Limited (PVVNL).

The dispute relates to the agreement entered with UPPCL for the period 2009-14. Demand was raised by UPPCL for drawl of banked energy during peak hours. The Hon''ble Supreme Court has stayed the demand and the matter is pending with Appellate Tribunal for Electricity (APTEL).

81

81

(v) Retrospective revision of Water Rates by UP Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited. Writ petition pending with Lucknow Bench of Allahabad High Court. The demand for arrears stayed.

4

4

(vi) Demand for Entry Tax relating to valuation dispute. Appeals have been filed with Additional CCT, Sambalpur.

28

28

(vii) Interest demand on Entry tax for the year 2009-2017. Hon''ble High Court of Odisha has earlier granted stay on the demand, which is now disposed with direction to pay. The Company is in process of filling appeal against the order.

27

27

(viii) Demand from State and Central Sales Tax authorities for various years at different levels of appeal.

19

26

(ix) Disallowances of Cenvat Credit on inputs & Capital goods & short payment of excise on additional consideration received from recipient of deemed exporter. Matters are pending with CESTAT.

10

9

(x) Disallowances of Service Tax credit on Input services at various locations. These matters are pending with CESTAT authorities.

107

104

(xi) Demand for recovery of cenvat credit availed on service tax paid on Goods Transport Agency (outward charges) . The matter is pending with Commissioner (Appeals), Vadodara & Commissioner, Bharuch.

9

9

(xii) Green Cess Provision Under Electricity Act Year-2012-13 to Year 2017-18. The matter is pending at Hon''ble Supreme Court.

15

14

(xiii) Penalty For Unauthorised Disposal Of Anode Butts. The matter is pending with Odisha High Court.

14

14

(xiv) Demand of reverse charge liability on statutory fees payable to the Government authorities. Matters are pending with various authorities.

18

-

(xv) Demand on tax credits on transition to GST Regime .

2

-

(xvi) Other Contingent Liabilities in respect of Excise, Customs, Sales Tax etc. each being for less than ? 1 Crore. The demands are in dispute at various legal forums .

5

8

653

344

It is not practicable for the Company to estimate the timings of cash outflows, if any, in respect of the above matters, pending resolution of the respective proceedings.

(? in Crore)

As at

31/03/2023

31/03/2022

(b) Other money for which Company is contingently liable

(i) Customs Duty on Raw Materials imported under Advance License, against which export obligation is to be fulfilled.

14

24

B. Commitments

(a) Estimated amount of contracts remaining to be executed on capital account and not provided for (net of advances)

2,450

1,073

(b) Other Commitment for purchase of goods and Services (Net of Advance)

2,490

3,100

49. Capital Management

The Company''s objective to manage its capital is to ensure continuity of business while at the same time provide reasonable returns to its various stakeholders, but keep associated costs under control. In order to achieve this, requirement of capital is reviewed periodically with reference to operating and business plans that take into account capital expenditure and strategic investments. Apart from internal accrual, sourcing of capital is done through judicious combination of equity and borrowing, both short term and Long term. Total debt (total borrowings Lease Liabilities) to equity ratio is used to monitor capital. No changes were made to the objectives, policies or processes for managing capital during the years ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022.

As at March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all of its debt covenants for borrowings. The Company is required to maintain the Debt Service Coverage Ratio of 1.25 times. For the the year ended 31/03/2023 the Debt Service Coverage Ratio of the Company is 1.08 times. The Company has repaid its NCDs amounting to '' 6,000 Crore in FY 23 . Without considering this repayment, the Company''s Debt Service Coverage Ratio will be 5.43 times. This does not have any impact on the Financial Statements of the Company.

Level 1 Hierarchy includes financial instruments valued using quoted market prices. Listed equity instruments and traded debt instruments which are traded in the stock exchanges are valued using the closing price at the reporting date. Mutual funds are valued using the closing NAV.

Level 2 Hierarchy includes financial instruments that are not traded in active market. This includes over the counter (OTC) derivatives, close ended mutual funds and debt instruments including quoted valued using observable market data such as yield etc. of similar instruments traded in active market. All derivatives are reported at discounted values hence are included in level 2. Borrowings have been fair valued using credit adjusted interest rate prevailing on the reporting date. Trade Receivables and Payables that are realigned based on forward LME/LBMA price movements have been included in Level 2 hierarchy.

Level 3 If one or more significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3. This is the case for unlisted equity instruments and certain debt instruments including quoted which are not actively traded valued using assumptions from market participants.

Sensitivity with decrease in yield, Weighted average cost of capital and Price Book Multiplier by 0.5% and 10% will have equal and opposite impact in financial statement.

(v) Valuation Process

Some of the Company''s assets and liabilities are measured at fair value for financial reporting purposes. The Management of the Company has set up a team in the finance department which performs the valuation of financial assets and liabilities.

In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses market-observable data to the extent it is available. Where Level 1 inputs are not available, the Company engages third party qualified valuers to perform the valuation. The team works closely with the qualified external valuers to establish the appropriate valuation techniques and inputs to the model. The team reports findings to the Management of the Company to explain the cause of fluctuations in the fair value of the assets and liabilities.

(vi) Valuation techniques used for valuation of instruments categorised as level 3

For valuation of investments in equity shares and associates which are unquoted, peer comparison has been performed wherever available. Valuation has been primarily done by considering the net worth of the Company and price to book multiple to arrive at the fair value. In cases where income approach was feasible valuation has been arrived using the earnings capitalisation method or discounted cash flow method. For inputs that are not observable for these instruments, certain assumptions are made based on available information. The most significant of these assumptions are the discount rate and credit spreads used in the valuation process.

For valuation of investments in debt securities categorised as level 3, market polls which represent indicative yields are used as assumptions by market participants when pricing the asset.

There were no significant inter-relationships between unobservable inputs that materially affect fair values.

52. Financial Risk Management

Refer Note 1B (Q) for accounting policy on Financial Instruments

The Company''s activities exposes it to various risks such as market risk, liquidity risk and credit risk. This section explains the risks, which the Company is exposed to and how it manages those risks.

(a) Market Risk(i) Market Risk : Commodity Price Risk

Hindalco''s India Operations consist of two businesses - Copper Business and Aluminium Business. The Copper Business works under a "Custom Smelting" model wherein the focus is to improve the processing margin. The timing mis-match risk between the input and output price, which is linked to the same international pricing benchmark, is eliminated through use of derivatives. This off-set hedge model (through use of derivatives) is used to manage the timing mis-match risk for both Commodity (Copper and Precious Metals) and Currency Risk (primarily, USD/INR). The Copper Business also has a portion of View Based exposure for both Commodity and Currency, beyond the above timing mis-match risk. Lower Copper Prices, Stronger USD/INR exchange rate and Higher "Other Input" Prices (eg Coal, furnace oil, natura


Mar 31, 2022

(c) Assets pledged and Hypothecated against borrowings:

i ALL the movable and immovable items of Property, Plant and Equipment of Mahan Aluminium unit, both present and future, carrying value '' 11,238 crore (as at 31/03/2021''11,609 crore) are given as security towards first ranking pari passu charge against the rupee term loans from banks of '' 2,934 crore (gross) (as at 31/03/2021''2,942 crore). All the movable items of Property, Plant and Equipment and immovable properties of Mahan Aluminium unit, both present and future are given as first ranking pari passu charge against the rupee term Loan of '' 2,500 crore, refer note - 18A (b).

ii All the movable and immovable items of Property, Plant and Equipment of Aditya Aluminium unit both present and future, carrying value of '' 11,693 crore (as at 31/03/2021''12,029 crore) are given as security towards first ranking pari passu charge against the rupee term loan from bank of '' 6,299 crore (gross) (as at 31/03/2021''6,299 crore), refer note - 18A (b).

iii ALL movable items of Property, Plant and Equipment both present and future (except movable items of Mahan Aluminium, Aditya Aluminium, Kalwa Plant and current assets of the Company) and certain immovable properties of the Company are given as security towards Non-Convertible Debentures of '' 6,000 crore (gross) (as at 31/03/2021 '' 6,000 crore), refer note - 18A (a).

(d) For capital expenditures contracted but not incurred, refer note 44B.

(e) Capital Work-in-Progress comprise of various projects and expansions spread over aLL units. Many of these projects wi LL be capitalized during the year ending March 31, 2023. The Company has tested the carrying value of Capital Work-in-Progress for impairment as at reporting date. During the current year, the Company has impaired certain mining assets which were under CWIP amounting to '' 19 crore, refer note 35 for further details.

(j) Residual values and useful Live of Property, Plant and Equipment are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period. The Company has not revalued its property, plant and equipment (including right-of-use assets) or intangible assets or both during the current or previous year.

(k) During the current year, the Company has impaired certain assets related to Di Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) plant amounting to '' 76 crore, refer note 35 for further details.

B Right of Use Assets

The Company leases many assets including Land, Buildings, Plant and Machinery, Vehicles, Railway Wagons, Railway Sidings, Furniture etc. These right of use assets are presented as part of ''Property, Plant and Equipment'' under Non-Current assets on the face of the Balance Sheet.

(b) The Company has no contractual obligations to purchase, construct or develop investment properties or for repairs, maintenance and enhancements. There is no restrictions on the realisability of investment properties or the remittance of income and proceeds of disposal on the Company.

(c) The fair value of the Company''s investment properties as at March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021 have been arrived at on the basis of valuation carried out at the respective dates by an external, independent valuers. Independent valuer who arrived at fair value as at March 31, 2022 is registered under Rule 2 of Companies (Registered Valuers and Valuation) Rules, 2017. However values as presented in March 31, 2021 were done by independent valuer who was not registered under above mentioned rule.

(d) The fair value measurement for all the investments properties has been categorised as Level 2 based on the inputs to the valuation technique used. Considering the type of the assets, market approach (sales comparable method) to estimate the fair value of the subject properties is adopted.

(a) Aggregate carrying value of Investments in subsidiaries is '' 16,423 crore (as at 31/03/2021''16,794). None of the subsidiaries are listed on any stock exchange in India or outside India and these investments are carried at cost. There is no accumulated impairment as at current or previous year end.

(f) During the current year no IAUD projects completion is overdue or has exceeded its cost compared to its original plan as at 31/03/2022.

(b) During the year, A V Minerals (Netherlands) N.V., a wholly owned subsidiary has remitted US$ 75 Million ('' 557 crore) to the Company towards return of capital by reducing nominal value of its shares (from € 567.83 to € 541.05 per share). The Company has accounted for the same as reduction in Company''s carrying value of investment in the said subsidiary. Foreign exchange gain of '' 160 crore arising out of this transaction has been recognised under the (Gain)/ Loss on Foreign Currency Transactions (Net), refer note 37.

(c) Financial guarantees given to subsidiaries were initially recognised at fair value will continue to be accounted as Other Equity Investment until the investment in subsidiaries are derecognised or impaired.

(d) Refer Note - 43 Related Party Disclosure for information on principal place of business of the above Subsidiaries.

(g) AH Computer Software items in Intangible Assets (except of Mahan Aluminium, Aditya Aluminium, Kalwa Plants of the Company) are given as security towards Non-convertible debentures of '' 6,000 crore (gross) (as at 31/03/2021''6,000 crore), refer note - 18A (a).

(h) The useful Life of Intangible assets are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.

(i) During the current year, interest capitalised was '' 8 crore (31 March 2021: '' 6 crore), refer note 33 for further details.

(b) During the previous year, the Company had subscribed to the Rights issue of Aditya BirLa Fashion & Retail Limited at '' 110 per share (Face value of '' 10 and Premium of '' 100). The Company had invested '' 43 crore (52,57,652 shares at '' 82.50 per share) in previous year and Final call of '' 14 crore (52,57,652 shares at '' 27.50 per share) has been paid during the current year.

(c) Investments in Government Securities include '' 25 crore (as at 31/03/2021''242 crore) being deposit as margin money with counter parties for derivative transactions.

(a) The Company has extended fair value hedge accounting on its inventory which forms part of Work-in-Progress and Finished Goods, Fair value hedges are mainly used to hedge the exposure to change in fair value of commodity price risks. The fair value adjustment remains part of the carrying value of inventory and is taken to profit and Loss when the inventory is either sold or consumed, refer note - 49A and 49H.

(b) For Inventories hypothecated against secure short-term borrowings, refer note - 18B (a).

(c) Write downs of inventories (net of reversal) to net realizable value related to raw materials, work-in-progress and finished goods amounted to '' 586 crore (as at 31/03/2021''349 crore). These were recognized as expense during the year and included in ''cost of raw material consumed'' and ''change in value of inventories of work-in-progress and finished goods'' in statement of Profit and Loss.

(d) Inventories in hand include bulk materials of Coal, Bauxite and Copper Concentrate lying at yards, mines, plants and precious metals of Gold and Silver lying at Copper smelter and refinery aggregating to '' 4,302 crore (as at 31/03/2021 '' 3,179 crore).

(a) Issued Equity Capital as at 31/03/2022 includes 7,397 Equity Shares (as at 31/03/2021 7,397 Equity Shares) of '' 1/- each issued on Rights basis kept in abeyance due to Legal case pending.

(b) Treasury shares include shares held by Trident Trust which represents 16,316,130 (as at 31/03/2021: 16,316,130) equity shares of '' 1/- each fully paid-up of the Company issued, pursuant to a Scheme of Arrangements approved by the Hon''ble High Courts of Mumbai and of Allahabad, vide their Orders dated 31st October, 2002, and 18th November, 2002, respectively, to the Trident Trust, created wholly for the benefit of the Company and is being managed by trustees appointed by it. The tenure of the Trust is up to January 23, 2024.

(c) Treasury shares include shares held by HindaLco Employee Welfare Trust (ESOP Trust)which represents 7,064,997 equity shares (as at 31/03/2021 5,824,965 Equity Shares) of '' 1/- each fully paid-up of the Company. The Trust buys shares of the Company from the market, for giving shares to employees pursuant to the Employees Stock Option Scheme, 2018. Refer note 17 (A) (viii) for further details.

(h) Shares reserved for issue under options:

The Company has reserved equity shares for issue under the Employee Stock Option Schemes, refer note 42 - Employee Share-based Payments for details of Employee Stock Option Schemes.

(i) The Company during the preceding 5 years:

i. Has not allotted shares pursuant to contracts without payment received in cash.

ii. Has not issued shares by way of bonus shares.

iii. Has not bought back any shares.

(j) The Board of Directors of the Company has recommended final dividend of '' 4 per share aggregating to '' 899 crore for the year ended 31/03/2022 which has not been recognised in the financial statement.

(e) Rights, preferences and restrictions attached to Equity Shares:

The Company has one class of equity shares having a par value of '' 1/- per share. Each shareholder is eligible for one vote per share held. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting, except in case of interim dividend. In the event of liquidation, the equity shareholders are eligible to receive the remaining assets of the Company after distribution of all preferential amounts, in proportion to their shareholding.

(A) Brief Descriptions of items of Other Equity are given below:

(i) Share Application Money pending Allotment:

Share application money pending allotment represents amount received from employees who has exercised employee stock options for which shares are pending allotment as on balance sheet date.

(ii) Capital Reserve:

The Company has created capital reserve pursuant to past mergers and acquisitions.

(iii) Capital Redemption Reserve:

The Company has created capital redemption reserve as per the requirement of the Companies Act.

(iv) Business Reconstruction Reserve:

The Company had formulated a scheme of financial restructuring under sections 391 to 394 of the Companies Act 1956 ("the Scheme") between the Company and its equity shareholders approved by the High Court of judicature of Bombay to deal with various costs associated with its organic and inorganic growth plan. Pursuant to this, a separate reserve account titled as Business Reconstruction Reserve ("BRR") was created during the year 2008-09 by transferring balance standing to the credit of Securities Premium Account of the Company for adjustment of certain expenses as prescribed in the Scheme.

(v) Securities Premium:

Securities premium reserve is used to record the premium on issue of shares. The reserve is utilized in accordance with the provision of the Act.

(vi) Debenture Redemption Reserve:

The Company is required to create a debenture redemption reserve out of the profits which is available for payment of dividend, for the purpose of redemption of debentures.

(vii) Employee Stock Options:

The employee stock option account is used to recognize the grant date fair value of options /RSUs issued to employees under stock option schemes.

(viii) Treasury Shares held by ESOP Trust

The Company has created a trust, namely "Hindalco Employee Welfare Trust"(ESOP Trust) for providing share-based payments to its employees (including its Subsidiaries'' employees). The Company uses this Trust as a vehicle for distributing shares to employees covered under Scheme. The Trust buys shares of the Company from the market, for giving shares to employees under the Employees Stock Option Scheme, 2018.

Shares held by Trust are treated as Treasury shares. Equity instruments that are reacquired (Treasury shares) are recognised at cost and deducted from equity. No gain or loss is recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss on purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of Equity instruments. Share options whenever exercised, would be utilised from such treasury shares, refer note 42.

(ix) General Reserve:

The Company has created this reserve by transferring certain amount out of the profit at the time of distribution of dividend in the past.

(x) Retained Earning

Amount of retained earnings represents accumulated profit and losses of the Company as on reporting date. Such profits and losses are after adjustment of payment of dividend, transfer to any reserves as statutorily required and adjustment for realised gain/loss on derecognition of equity instruments measured at FVTOCI. Actuarial Gain/ Loss arising out of Actuarial valuation is immediately transferred to Retained Earning.

(xi) Other Reserves

a) Gain/ (Loss) on equity and debt instruments accounted as FVTOCI

The Company has elected to recognize changes in the fair value of certain investments in other comprehensive income. These changes are accumulated within the FVTOCI equity investments reserve and FVTOCI debt investment reserve within equity.

b) Effective portion of Cash Flow Hedge:

The Company uses hedging instruments as part of its risk management policy for commodity and foreign currency risk as described in note 49. The Cash Flow hedging reserve is used to recognise the effective portion of gain or loss on designated hedging relationship, refer note 49 (E) and 49 (F).

c) Cost of Hedging Reserve:

The Company designates the spot component of some of its derivative instruments in fair value hedge relationship and cash flow hedge relationship. The Company defers changes in the forward element of such instruments in the cost of hedging reserve. For fair value hedge forward points at inception is amortized on a straight line basis from the OCI based on the remaining life of trade. For cash flow hedge the deferred cost of hedging are included in the initial cost of the related hedged items when it is recognized or reclassified to the statement of profit and loss when the hedged item effects the statement of profit and loss. The Company designates the intrinsic value of option contracts whereas the time value of option contracts is included in the cost of hedging reserve, refer note 49 (E) and 49 (F).

[B) Movement of each item of other equity is presented in Statement of Changes in Equity (SOCIE).

(I) The term Loans from banks of '' 2,934 crore (gross) (31/03/2021: '' 2,942 crore) are secured by a first ranking charge/ mortgage/ security interest in respect of all the movable and immovable items of Property, Plant and Equipment of Mahan Aluminium plant, both present and future. '' 2,858 crore (gross) (31/03/2021: '' 2,858 crore) is to be repaid in 16 quarterly instalments commencing from June 2026. Balance '' 76 crore (gross) (31/03/2021: '' 84 crore) is to be repaid in 32 quarterly instalments (31/03/2021: 36 quarterly instalments) as per original repayment schedule effective June 2020, refer note -2A(c) (i).

(II) The term loan of '' 6,299 crore (gross) (31/03/2021: '' 6,299 crore) is secured by a first ranking charge/ mortgage/security interest in respect of all the movable and immovable items of Property, Plant and Equipment of Aditya Aluminium plant both present and future. '' 6,299 crore (gross) (31/03/2021: '' 6,299 crore) is to be repaid in 26 quarterly instalments commencing from May 2024, refer note - 2A(c) (ii).

(III) The term loan of '' 2,500 crore (gross) is secured by a first ranking charge/ mortgage/security interest in respect of all the movable and immovable items of Property, Plant and Equipment of Mahan Aluminium plant both present and future. '' 2,500 crore (gross) is to be repaid in 34 quarterly instalments commencing from September 2023, refer note - 2A(c) (i).

(a) Working Capital Loan for Aluminium business, granted under the Consortium Lending Arrangement, are secured by a first pari-passu charge on entire stocks of raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, consumable stores and spares and also book debts pertaining to the Company''s Aluminium business, both present and future. Working Capital Loan for the Copper business is secured by a first pari passu charge on stocks of raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods and consumable stores and spares and also book debts and other movable assets of Copper business, both present and future, refer note 11 (b) and 12 (b).

(b) Foreign currency loans from Indian Banks and Offshore branch of Foreign banks are mainly in nature of Buyers credit which has been availed for Copper business to meet its working capital requirement mostly to settle import payments of copper concentrate and certain other raw materials. Refer note 49C on non-derivative financial instruments used as hedging instruments.

(c) Rupee Loans from Banks represents loan taken to meet the Company''s working capital requirements.

(a) Supplier''s credit represents the extended interest bearing credit offered by the supplier which is secured against Usance Letter of Credit (LC). Under this arrangement, the supplier is eligible to receive payment from negotiating bank prior to the expiry of the extended credit period. The interest for the extended credit period payable to the bank on maturity of the LC has been presented under Finance Cost.

(b) Brief Description of Provisions

i) Assets Retirement Obligations

Asset Retirement Obligation (ARO) is a Legal or constructive obligation associated with the ash ponds, ash pipeline and coal transportation system at captive power plants, red mud ponds at refineries and mining area where these lands need to be restored back to usable condition after closing of activities. This is a statutory requirement in which the timing or method of settlement may be conditional on one or multiple future events, the occurrence of which may not be within the control of the entity. The outflow of economic resources is expected during FY 23 to FY 47. The same has been appropriately discounted.

ii) Environmental Liability

Environmental Liability associated with Wild Life Conservation Plan (WLCP) and disposal of hazardous material generated during the course of manufacturing or mining operation e.g. disposal of spent pot lining, Gypsum, Slag, Ash etc. This disposal generally takes place as per the guidelines set by various regulatory authorities of States and Central Government. The outflow of economic resources is generally expected during FY 23 to FY 31.

iii) Enterprise Social Commitment

Enterprise Social Commitment is the amount to be spent on social and economic development of the surrounding area where new project is being setup. This is generally defined as a certain percentage of the total cost of the project. The outflow of economic resources is expected during FY 23 to FY 56. This has been appropriately discounted wherever necessary.

iv) Legal Cases

There are few Legal cases against which provision has been made since these events are probable to happen i.e. more likely than not but timing of occurrence of such events is uncertain as it depends on when the matter will be settled at the highest Court of Law.

v) Renewable Power Obligation (RPO)

Some of our units situated in various states like Odisha, Madhya Pradesh , Maharashtra ,Gujarat, Jharkhand etc. who gets power from Captive power plants or procure power from open source, are obligated to purchase certain portion of their power consumption from Renewable Energy sources both solar and non-solar. This gives rise to Renewable Power Obligation (RPO). In case the obligated units fail to procure power from such renewable sources, they may satisfy the obligation by purchasing Renewable Energy Certificates from authorised exchanges as an alternative.

vi) Miscellaneous Provision

Includes Statutory provisions related to Indirect Taxes, Coal Cess etc.

(c) Reversal of RPO Provision

Pursuant to the issuance of notification by Madhya Pradesh Electricity Regulatory Commission (MPERC), the Company has reversed the excess RPO provision of '' 13 crore related to FY 21 in current year and during previous year pursuant to the issuance of notification by Madhya Pradesh Electricity Regulatory Commission (MPERC) dated April 05, 2021, the Company has reversed the excess RPO provision of '' 21 crore related to FY 20. Additionally '' 36 crore has been reversed on account of reduction in Solar certificate rate from '' 2,400/REC to '' 1,000/REC. .

(d) Reversal of Legal cases Provision

During previous year reversal of '' 39 crore includes reversal of '' 37 crore on account of UP Transit Fees and '' 2 crore on account of Energy Compensation Charges.

(e) The Taxation Law (Amendments) Ordinance 2019 (''the Ordinance''), provides an option to domestic companies to pay income-tax at a Lower rate of 22% (plus applicable surcharge and cess) instead of the normal rate of 30% (plus applicable surcharge and cess) depending on the conditions specified in this behalf under section 115BAA of the Income Tax Act, 1961. A domestic company can avail of the lower tax rate only if it opts for not availing of certain exemptions or incentives specified in this behalf in the Ordinance. There is no time limit prescribed under the above to choose the option of lower tax rate under section 115BAA, however, once chosen it is irreversible. The Company is having accumulated MAT credit and tax incentives to be availed/adjusted against future taxable profits. Based on the projections prepared by the management, including its plan for future capital expenditure for capacity enhancement, the company has determined that exercising the option of lower rate will be beneficial only in long term. Accordingly, the Company has not exercised this option during the period and continues to recognize the taxes on income for period ended March 31, 2022 as per the existing normal tax rate of 30% (plus applicable surcharge and cess). The Company has assessed that the net deferred tax liability as at March 31, 2022 would get reversed within the period for which Company is expected to continue to be in the existing tax regime. The Company will review the above position at each period end.

The Company is subject to tax assessments and ongoing proceedings, which are pending before various Tax Appellate Authorities. Management periodically evaluates the positions taken in tax returns with respect to above matters, including unresolved tax disputes, which involves interpretation of applicable tax regulations and judicial precedents. Current tax liability and tax asset balances are presented, after recognising as appropriate, provision for taxes payable and contingencies basis management''s assessment of outcome of such ongoing proceedings and amounts that may become payable to the tax authorities. Considering the nature of such estimates and uncertainties involved, the amount of such provisions may change upon final resolution of the matters with tax authorities, refer note 1D.

(a) Sales of Copper products and precious metals are accounted for provisionally, pending finalization of price and quantity. Variations are accounted for in the period of settlement. Final price receivable on sale of above products for which provisional price was not finalized are realigned at year end forward LME/LMBA rate and is being presented as part of other operating revenue. Revenue from subsequent variation in price movement is loss of '' 24 crore (year ended 31/03/2021, loss of '' 31 crore).

(b) Includes nutrient based subsidy of Phosphorus (P) & Potassium (K) arising from sale of Di ammonium phosphate (DAP) '' 441 crore (year ended 31/03/2021''402 crore).

(c) Sale of services predominantly include freight and insurance on exports which are identified as separate performance obligation under Ind AS 115.

(d) Includes Government Grant in the nature of sales related export Incentives and other benefits of '' 408 crore (year ended 31/03/2021''211 crore).

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(a) Purchase of copper concentrate is accounted for provisionally pending finalization of contents in the concentrate and price. Variations are accounted for in the period of settlement. Final price payable on purchase of copper concentrate for which provisional price and quantity were not finalized during the year are realigned based on forward LME and LBMA rate. Impact on cost from subsequent variation in price movement for year ended 31/03/2022 was loss of '' 922 crore (year ended 31/03/2021 was loss of '' 160 crore).

(b) Refer note 37, for details of freight expenses included in cost of material consumed.

(i) The Code on Social Security, 2020 (''Code'') relating to employee benefits during employment and post employment benefits received Presidential assent in September 2020. The Code has been published in the Gazette of India. However, the date on which the Code will come into effect has not been notified. The Company will assess the impact of the Code when it comes into effect and will record any related impact in the period the Code becomes effective.

(ii) The Hon''bLe Supreme Court of India ("SC") by their order dated February 28, 2019, in the case of Surya Roshani Limited v/s EPFO, set out the principles based on which allowances paid to the employees should be identifi ed for inclusion in basic wages for the purposes of computation of Provident Fund contribution. The Company has given effect of the above judgement effective March 1, 2019. This does not have any material impact onthe Financial Statements.

B Post-Employment Benefits

The Company provides various benefit plan to its employees. Some of them are defined benefit in nature while some are contributory.

I Defined Benefit Plans:

Major Post retiral defined benefit plans of the Company include Gratuity, Post retirement medical benefit and Provident Fund (to the extent of Company''s obligation to fund any shortfall on the yield of the trust''s investments over the administered interest rates on an annual basis by Central Provident Fund Organisation of Govt of India). The Company does Actuarial valuation for its identified long term and short term defined benefit plans.

Methodology for actuarial valuation of Defined Benefit Obligations:

The Projected Unit Credit (PUC) actuarial method has been used to assess the plan''s liabilities, including those related to death-in-service and incapacity benefits.

Under PUC method a projected accrued benefit is calculated at the beginning of the year and again at the end of the year for each benefit that will accrue for all active members of the plan. The projected accrued benefit is based on the plan''s accrual formula and upon service as of the beginning or end of the year, but using a member''s final compensation, projected to the age at which the employee is assumed to leave active service. The plan liability is the actuarial present value of the projected accrued benefits for active members.

Defined benefit plans expose the Company to actuarial risks such as: Interest Rate Risk, Salary Risk and Demographic Risk.

i. Interest Rate Risk: While calculating the defined benefit obligation a discount rate based on government bonds yields of matching tenure is used to arrive at the present value of future obligations. If the bond yield falls, the defined benefit obligation will tend to increase and plan assets will decrease.

ii. Salary risk: Higher than expected increases in salary will increase the defined benefit obligation.

iii. Demographic risk: This is the risk of variability of results due to unsystematic nature of decrements that include mortality, withdrawal, disability and retirement. The effect of these decrements on the defined benefit obligations is not straight forward and depends on the combination of salary increase, discount rate and vesting criteria. It is important not to overstate withdrawals because in the financial analysis the retirement benefit of a short career employee typically costs less per year as compared to a long service employee.

A Gratuity Plans

The Company has various schemes (funded/unfunded) for payment of gratuity to all eligible employees calculated at specified number of days (ranging from 15 days to 1 month) of last drawn salary depending upon the tenure of service for each year of completed service subject to minimum service of five years payable at the time of separation upon superannuation or on exit otherwise. These defined benefit gratuity plans are governed by Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972.

(m) Expected Contributions to post employment benefit plan of Gratuity for the year ending 31st March, 2023 are '' 61 crore.

(n) The Company has not recognised the surplus in its plan assets of gratuity fund since no future economic benefits are expected in the form of reduction in future contributions to the gratuity plan or refund from the gratuity plan.

B Post Retirement Medical Benefit

This is a defined benefit plan where the Company provides post retirement medical benefit to its certain retired employees. The scheme involves rei mbursement of expenses towards medical treatment of self and dependents. The amount charged to the statement Profit and Loss duri ng the year is '' 0.32 crore (year ended 31/03/2021''0.34 crore) and amount of actuarial (gain)/ loss recognised in Other Comprehensive Income during the year is '' (4) crore (year ended 31/03/2021 '' (1) crore). The obligation with respect to said scheme as at 31/03/2022''5 crore ( year ended 31/03/2021''5 crore) .

C Other Pension Plan

It is a pension benefit provided to erstwhile Managing Director. The amount charged to statement of Profit and Loss during the year is '' 3 crore (year ended 31/03/2021''3 crore). Amount of actuarial (gain)/ loss recognised in Other Comprehensive Income during the year is '' 0 crore (year ended 31/03/2021''1 crore). The obligation with respect to these schemes as at 31/03/2022''47 crore ( year ended 31/03/2021''46 crore).

II Defined Contribution Plans A Pension

It is a contributory benefit plan where the Company contributes a certain percentage of salary for all eligible employees in the managerial cadre towards Superannuation Funds with option to put certain portion in National Pension Scheme (NPS) and/or in funds managed by Birla Sunlife Insurance Company to be converted to annuity of Life Insurance Corporation of India at retirement. Junior Pension Plan provided to certain employees is in the nature of defined benefit plan which provides an annuity in the form of pension amount at retirement. The amount charged to statement of Profit and Loss during the year is '' 16 crore (year ended 31/03/2021''15 crore). Amount of actuarial (gain)/ loss recognised in Other Comprehensive Income during the year is '' 0 crore (year ended 31/03/2021''0 crore).

B Provident Fund

The Company''s contribution towards Provident Fund managed either by approved trusts or by the Central Government is debited to the Statement of Profit and Loss. In respect of provident fund management by the approved trust, the Company has an obligation to fund any shortfall on the yield of the trust''s investments over the administered interest rates on an annual basis. The Company also contributes to Coal Mines Provident Fund (CMPF) in respect of employees working in coal mines. The amount debited to Statement of Profit and Loss during the year was '' 100 crore (year ended 31/03/2021 '' 100 crore). Based on actuarial valuation, the Company has recognised obligation of '' 0 crore as at 31/03/2022 (year ended 31/03/2021''2 crore) towards shortfall on the yield of the trust''s investments over the administered interest rates. Amount of actuarial (gain)/ loss recognised in Other Comprehensive Income during the year is '' (4) crore (year ended 31/03/2021 '' (9) crore).

III Other Employee Benefit plans A Leave Obligation

The leave obligation cover the Company''s liability for earned and sick leave. The entire amount of the provision of '' 261 crore (year ended 31/03/2021''257 crore) is presented as current, since the company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for these obligations. Expected amount towards settlement of Leave for the next 12 months are '' 41 crore (31/03/2021''36 crore).

(a) Interest expenses include '' 9 crore (year ended 31/03/2021''6 crore) paid to Income Tax Department.

(b) Includes difference between effective interest rate and contracted interest rate of '' 57 crore (year ended 31/03/2021 '' 49 crore) mainly from amortisation of debt issuance cost.

(c) Mainly includes unwinding of discount on Enterprise Social Commitment and Asset Retirement Obligations.

(d) The Capitalisation rate used to determine the amount of borrowing costs to be capitalised is the weighted average interest rate applicable to general borrowings. Capitalisation rate for year ended 31/03/2022 is 6.32% p.a. (year ended 31/03/2021 - 6.58% p.a.).

(a) During the current year, the Company has evaluated operational performance along with current environmental norms of its Di Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) Plant and decided to decommission the same. As a result, the Company has recognized impairment in respect of existing DAP plant amounting to '' 76 crore.

(b) The Company has impaired certain mining assets which was underutilized due to various reasons such as environmental clearances etc. amounting to '' 19 crore during the current year.

(c) During the previous year, operation of certain mining assets of the Company have become unviable due to high cost of production and other operational issues. As a result the Company has recognized impairment in respect of these mining assets amounting to '' 115 crores (Property, Plant and Equipement '' 71 crore and Intangible assets '' 44 crore).

(d) During the previous year, the Company has recognized impairment of '' 25 crores on certain other assets classified as "Non Current Asset Held for Sale" based on their future utilisation plan.

finalises the specific numbers of Options to be granted to the employees discounted by such percentage not exceeding 30 % (thirty percent) to be determined by ESOS Compensation Committee in the best interest of the various stake holders in the prevailing market conditions. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting and these stock options do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, forfeited/ expired stock options are also available for grant. Further, on 23/09/2011 the ESOS 2006 has been partially modified and by which the Company may grant 6,475,000 stock options to its eligible employees.

Under the ESOS 2006, till 31/03/2022 the Committee has granted 4,328,159 stock options (31/03/2021: 4,328,159 stock options) to its eligible employees out of which 1,819,941 stock options (31/03/2021: 1,819,941 stock options) has been forfeited/ expired and are available for grant as per term of the Scheme.

Treasury shares are excluded from weighted-average numbers of equity shares used as a denominator in the calculation of EPS.

Stock options granted to the employees under various ESOP schemes are considered to be potential equity shares. They have been included in the determination of diluted earnings per share to the extent they are dilutive. 538,978 shares (year ended 31/03/2021 4,295,432 Shares) options granted under Employee Stock option scheme but were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because they are antidilutive for the period. Options can potentially dilute basic earnings per share in the future depending on future share price of the Company.The stock options have not been included in the determination of basic earnings per share. For details relating to stock options, refer note 42.

41. Segment Reporting

The Company has presented segment information in its Consolidated Financial Statements, which are part of the same annual report. Accordingly, in terms of provisions of Accounting Standard on Segment Reporting (Ind AS 108), no disclosure related to the segment are presented in the Standalone Financial Statements.

42. Employee Share-based Payments

Refer Note 1B (V) for accounting policy on Employee Share-based Payments

The Company has formulated employee share-based payment schemes with the objective to attract and retain talent and align the interest of employees with the Company as well as to motivate them to contribute to its growth and profitability. The Company views employee stock options as instruments that would enable the employees to share the value they create for the Company in the years to come. At present, following employee share-based payment schemes are in operation, details of which are given below:

(I) Employee Stock Option Scheme 2006 (“ESOS 2006”):

The shareholders of the Company has approved on 23/01/2007 an Employee Stock Option Scheme 2006 ("ESOS 2006"), under which the Company may grant up to 3,475,000 stock options to its permanent employees in the management cadre, whether working in India or out of India, including Managing and the Whole Time Directors of the Company, in one or more tranches. The ESOS 2006 is administrated by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). Each stock option, when exercised, would be converted into one fully paid-up equity share of '' 1/- each of the Company. The stock options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after completion of one year of service from the date of grant. The exercise price shall be average price of the equity shares of the Company in the immediate preceding seven day period on the date prior to the date on which the ESOS compensation committee

Under ESOS 2006, as at 31/03/2022 exercise prices for stock options outstanding was Nil (31/03/2021: '' 118.73) whereas the weighted average remaining contractual life of the stock options outstanding was Nil (31/03/2021: 1.02 years).

The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of ESOS 2006 was '' 428.07 per share (31/03/2021''173.25 per share).

(II) Employee Stock Option Scheme 2013 (“ESOS 2013”):

The shareholders of the Company has approved on 10/09/2013 an Employee Stock Option Scheme 2013 ("ESOS 2013"), under which the Company may grant up to 5,462,000 Options (comprising of Stock Options and/ or Restricted Stock Units (RSU)) to the permanent employees in the management cadre and Managing and Whole time Directors of the Company and its subsidiary companies in India and abroad, in one or more tranches. The ESOS 2013 is administered by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). The stock options exercise price would be determined by the Committee, whereas the RSUs exercise price shall be the face value of the equity shares of the Company as at the date of grant of RSUs. Each stock option and each RSU entitles the holders to apply for and be allotted one fully paid-up equity share of '' 1/- each of the Company upon payment of exercise price during exercise period. The stock options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after completion of one year of the services from the date of grant, whereas RSU will vest upon completion of three years of services from the date of grant. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting and these stock option/ RSU do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, forfeited/ expired stock options and RSUs are also available for grant.

In terms of ESOS 2013, till 31/03/2022 the Committee has granted 2,250,754 stock options and 2,252,254 RSUs (31/03/2021: 2,250,754 stock options and 2,252,254 RSUs) to the eligible employees of the Company and some of its subsidiary companies. Further, 301,381 stock options and 213,095 RSUs (31/03/2021: 296,996 stock options and 202,063 RSUs) has been forfeited/ expired and are available for grant as per term of the Scheme.

Under ESOS 2013, the range of exercise prices for stock options outstanding as at 31/03/2022 was '' 119.45 to '' 167.15 (31/03/2021: '' 119.45 to '' 167.15) whereas exercise price in case of RSUs was '' 1.00 (31/03/2021: '' 1.00). The weighted average remaining contractual Life for the stock options and RSUs outstanding as at 31/03/2022 was 1.09 years and 2.73 years, respectively (31/03/2021: 1.51 years and 2.54 years, respectively).

The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of ESOS 2013 was '' 460.52 per share (31/03/2021''220.69 per share).

(III) Employee Stock Option Scheme 2018 (“ESOS 2018”):

The shareholders of the Company has approved on 21/09/2018 an Employee Stock Option Scheme 2018 ("ESOS 2018"), formulated by the Company, under which the Company may grant not more than 13,957,302 [Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units(''RSU'')] to its permanent employees of the Company in management cadre including Managing and the Wholetime Director of the Company and its subsidiary companies in India and abroad, in one or more tranches. The ESOS 2018 is administered by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee") and the Hindalco Employees Welfare Trust ("Trust"). The Stock options exercise price would be determined by the Committee whereas the RSU exercise price shall be the face value of the equity shares of the Company as at the date of grant of RSUs. Each stock option and each RSU entitles the holders to apply for and be allotted one fully paid-up equity share of Re. 1/- each of the Company upon payment of exercise price during the exercise period. The stock options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after completion of one year of the services from the date of grant, whereas RSU will vest upon completion of three years of services from the date of grant. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting and these stock options/RSUs do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, forfeited/expired stock options and RSUs are also available for grant.

In terms of ESOS 2018, till 31/03/2022 the Committee has granted 7,062,503 stock options and 1,981,539 RSUs (31/03/2021: 5,189,519 stock options and 1,368,979 RSUs) to the eligible employees of the Company and some of its subsidiary companies. A summary of movement of stock options and RSUs and weighted average exercise price (WAEP) is given below:

Under ESOS 2018, the range of exercise prices for stock options outstanding as at 31/03/2022 was '' 159.30 to '' 453.95 (31/03/2021 was '' 159.30 to '' 278.05) whereas exercise price in case of RSUs was '' 1 (31/03/2021: '' 1.00). The weighted average remaining contractual life for the stock options and RSUs outstanding as at 31/03/2022 was 5.29 years and 5.50 years, respectively (31/03/2021 was 5.43 years and 5.84 years respectively).

The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of ESOS 2018 was '' 509.37 per share (31/03/2021 was '' 332.87 per share).

The fair values at grant date of stock options granted during the year ended 31/03/2022 was '' 176.04 to '' 220.36 (31/03/2021 was '' 144.57 to '' 181.09) and fair values in case of RSUs was '' 419.15 to '' 435.62 (31/03/2021 was '' 269.56), respectively. The fair valuation has been carried out by an independent valuer by applying Black and Scholes Model. The inputs to the model include the exercise price, the term of option, the share price at grant date and the expected volatility, expected dividends and the risk free rate of interest for terms of options.

The expected volatility was determined based on the historical share price volatility over the past period depending on Life of the options granted which is indicative of future periods and which may not necessarily be the actual outcome.

(IV) Stock Appreciation Rights (''SAR 2018''):

The Company till 31/03/2022, has granted 156,694 Option SAR and 50,665 RSU SAR (31/03/2021: 95,815 Option SAR and 20,514 RSU SAR) under the Share Appreciation Rights Scheme 2018 ("SAR 2018") to its eligible employees. Option SAR to be vested in 4 equal annual instalments after completion of one year of the service from the date of grant and RSU SAR will vest upon completion of three years of services from the date of grant. The SAR 2018 is administered by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). The SAR 2018 have performance linked vesting conditions which are decided by the committee and are cash settled. The options shall lapse in case of performance linked vesting conditions are not met. The range of exercise price of the Option SAR is '' 159.30 to '' 443.25 and RSU SAR is '' 1 (31/03/2021: Option SAR is '' 159.30 to '' 278.05 and RSU SAR is '' 1).

The fair values per Option SAR as at 31/03/2022 was '' 248.38 to '' 440.84 (31/03/2021''144.97 to '' 232.47) and for RSU SAR as at 31/03/2022 was '' 552.96 to '' 560.60 (31/03/2021''321.21 to '' 322.35). The fair value has been carried out by an independent valuer by applying Black and Scholes Model. The inputs to the model include the exercise price, the term of option, the share price at grant date and the expected volatility, expected dividends and the risk free rate of interest. The assumptions used for fair valuation for Option SAR and RSU SAR are given below:

The weighted average remaining contractual life for the Option SAR as at 31/03/2022 is 2.70 to 5.35 years (31/03/2021: 1.69 to 5.92 years) and RSU SAR as at 31/03/2022 is 2.70 to 5.35 years (31/03/2021: 3.70 to 4.92 years).

The total intrinsic value at the end of the year of the vested Option SAR and RSU SAR is '' 2.42 crore (31/03/2021''0.12 crore). Effect of Employee Share-Based Payment transactions on Profit or Loss for the period and on financial position:

For the year ended 31/03/2022, the Company recognised total expenses of '' 40 crore (31/03/2021''16 crore) related to equity-settled and cash-settled share based transactions. During the year ended 31/03/2022, the Company has allotted fully paid-up 488,477 equity share of '' 1/- each of the Company (31/03/2021 461,560) on exercise of equity settled options for which the Company has realised '' 6 crore (31/03/2021''3 crore) as exercise prices.

The Company has received '' 0.70 crore (31/03/2021''0.29 crore) from Utkal Alumina International Limited and Hindalco - Almex Aerospace Limited (Subsidiaries) towards the grant of 91,611 Stock Options and 49,061 RSUs (31/03/2021: 88,676 Stock Options and 43,261 RSUs) under ESOS 2018 which is netted off from Employee Share-Based Payments Expenses.

(i) Excludes amortisation of fair value of employee share-based payments under Ind AS 102.

(ii) As the Liabilities for defined benefit plans and Leave entitlements are provided on actuarial basis for the Company as a whole, the amounts pertaining to Key Management Personnel are not included.

(iii) The Board approved pension of Mr. D. Bhattacharya of '' 0.335 crore per month and other post-employment benefits for his past service when he was the Managing Director of the Company. The present value of the above pension liability determined based on the actuarial valuation is accounted by the Company in the financial statements. Amount charged as expenses in the statement of profit and loss during the year towards such post-employment benefit amounting to '' 3 crore (as at 31/03/2021''3 crore) has been disclosed as a part of managerial remuneration above, and does not include the impact of actuarial (gains)/losses recognised in other comprehensive income.

44. Contingent Liabilities and Commitments

Refer Note 1B (K) for accounting policy on Provisions and contingencies

The Company is party to, and may in the future be involved in, or subject to, disputes, claims and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business, including some we assert against others, such as environmental, health and safety, product liability, employee, tax, personal injury and other matters. The Company has established a liability with respect to contingencies for which a loss is probable and estimable. While the ultimate resolution of liability and costs related to these matters cannot be determined with certainty, the Management does not believe any of these pending actions, individually or in the aggregate, will materially impact our operations or materially affect our financial condition or liquidity.The Company''s estimates involve significant judgment, and therefore, the estimate will change from time to time and actual losses may differ from the current estimate.

Management reviews the status of, and estimated liability related to, pending claims and civil actions on a quarterly basis. The evaluation model includes all asserted and unasserted claims that can be reasonably identified including claims relating to our responsibility for compliance with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations. The estimated costs in respect of such reported liabilities are not offset by amounts related to insurance or indemnification arrangements unless otherwise noted.

Level 1 Hierarchy includes financial instruments valued using quoted market prices. Listed equity instruments and traded debt instruments which are traded in the stock exchanges are valued using the closing price at the reporting date. Mutual funds are valued using the closing NAV.

Level 2 Hierarchy includes financial instruments that are not traded in active market. This includes over the counter (OTC) derivatives, close ended mutual funds and debt instruments valued using observable market data such as yield etc. of similar instruments traded in active market. All derivatives are reported at discounted values hence are included in level 2. Borrowings have been fair valued using credit adjusted interest rate prevailing on the reporting date. Trade Receivables and Payables that are realigned based on forward LME/LBMA price movements have been included in Level 2 hierarchy.

Level 3 If one or more significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3. This is the case for unlisted equity instruments and certain debt instruments which are valued using assumptions from market participants.

Sensitivity with decrease in yield and Price Book Multiplier by 0.5% and 10% will have equal and opposite impact in financial statement.

(v) Valuation Process

Some of the Company''s assets and liabilities are measured at fair value for financial reporting purposes. The Management of the Company has set up a team in the finance department which performs the valuation of financial assets and liabilities.

In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses market-observable data to the extent it is available. Where Level 1 inputs are not available, the Company engages third party qualified valuers to perform the valuation. The team works closely with the qualified external valuers to establish the appropriate valuation techniques and inputs to the model. The team reports findings to the Management of the Company to explain the cause of fluctuations in the fair value of the assets and liabilities.

(vi) Valuation techniques used for valuation of instruments categorised as level 3

For valuation of investments in equity shares and associates which are unquoted, peer comparison has been performed wherever available. Valuation has been primarily done by considering the net worth of the Company and price to book multiple to arrive at the fair value. In cases where income approach was feasible valuation has been arrived using the earnings capitalisation method. For inputs that are not observable for these instruments, certain assumptions are made based on available information. The most significant of these assumptions are the discount rate and credit spreads used in the valuation process.

For valuation of investments in debt securities categorised as level 3, market polls which represent indicative yields are used as assumptions by market participants when pricing the asset.

There were no significant inter-relationships between unobservable inputs that materially affect fair values.

48. Financial Risk Management

Refer Note 1B (P) for accounting policy on Financial Instruments

The Company''s activities exposes it to various risks such as market risk, liquidity risk and credit risk. This section explains the risks, which the Company is exposed to and how it manages those risks.

A Market Risk

(i) Market Risk : Commodity Price Risk

Hindalco''s India Operations consist of two businesses - Copper Business and Aluminium Business. The Copper Business works under a "Custom Smelting" model wherein the focus is to improve the processing margin. The timing mis-match risk between the input and output price, which is linked to the same international pricing benchmark, is eliminated through use of derivatives. This off-set hedge model (through use of derivatives) is used to manage the timing mis-match risk for both Commodity (Copper and Precious Metals) and Currency Risk (primarily, USD/INR). The Copper Business also has a portion of View Based exposure for both Commodity and Currency, beyond the above timing mis-match risk. Lower Copper Prices, Stronger USD/INR exchange rate and Higher "Other Input" Prices (eg Coal, furnace oil, natural gas etc) are the major price risks that adversely impact the business. Here, the Company may use derivative instruments, wherever available, to manage these pricing risks. A variety of factors, including the risk appetite of the business and price view, are considered while taking Hedging Decisions. Such View based hedges are usually done for the next 1-12 quarters.

The Aluminium Business is a vertically integrated business model wherein the input and output pricing risks are independent of each other, i.e. - are on different pricing benchmarks, if any. Here, the Company may use derivative instruments, wherever available, to manage its pricing risks for both input and output products. Lower Aluminium Prices, Stronger USD/INR exchange rate and Higher Input Prices (e.g. Alumina, furnace oil, coal, coal tar pitch) are the major price risks that adversely impact the Business. Hedging decisions are based on a variety of factors, including risk appetite of the business and price View. Such Hedge decisions are usually done for the next 1-12 quarters.

Embedded Derivatives

Copper concentrate is purchased on future pricing model based on month''s average LME (in case of copper) / LBMA (in case of gold and silver). Since, the value of the concentrate changes with response to change in commodity pricing indices, embedded derivatives (ED) is identified and segregated in the contract. The ED so segregated, is treated like commodity derivative and qualify for hedge accounting. These derivatives are put into a Fair Value hedge relationship with respect to inventory.

Decrease in prices by 10% will have equal and opposite impact in financial statements. Sensitivity analysis has been computed by stress testing the market price of the underlying price index on the outstanding derivative position as on the reporting date by assuming all other factors constant.

(ii) Market Risk : Foreign Currency Risk

Exchange rate movements, particularly the United States Dollar (USD) and Euro (EUR) against Indian Rupee (INR), have an impact on our operating results. In addition to the foreign exchange inflow from exports, the commodity prices in the domestic market are derived based on the landed cost of imports in India where LME prices and USD/INR exchange rate are the main factors. In case of conversion business, the objective is to match the exchange rate of outflows and related inflows through derivative financial instruments. With respect to Aluminium business where costs are predominantly in INR, the strengthening of INR against USD adversely affects the profitability of the business and benefits when INR depreciates against USD. The company enters into various foreign exchange contracts to protect profitability. The Company also enters into various foreign exchange contracts to mitigate the risk arising out of foreign currency exchange rate movement in foreign currency contracts execute


Mar 31, 2021

(c) Assets pledged and Hypothecated against borrowings:

i ALL the moveable and immoveable items of Property, Plant and Equipment of Mahan Aluminium, both present and future, carrying value '' 11,609 Crore (as at 31/03/2020''11,976 Crore) are given as security towards first ranking charge against the rupee term loans from banks of '' 2942 Crore (gross) (as at 31/03/2020''2,948 Crore). ALL the moveable items of Property, Plant and Equipment of Mahan Aluminium, both present and future are given as first pari passu charge against the foreign currency term loan from bank of '' 460 Crore (gross) (as at 31/03/2020''473 Crore), refer note - 18A (b).

ii All the moveable and immovable items of Property, Plant and Equipment of Aditya Aluminium both present and future, carrying value of '' 12,029 Crore (as at 31/03/2020 '' 12,397 Crore) are given as security towards charge against the rupee term loan from bank of '' 6299 Crore (gross) (as at 31/03/2020 '' 6,299 Crore), refer note - 18A (b).

iii All moveable items of Property, Plant and Equipment both present and future (except moveable items of Mahan Aluminium, Aditya Aluminium, Kalwa Plant, current assets of the Company) and certain immoveable properties of the Company are given as security towards Non-Convertible Debentures of '' 6,000 Crore (as at 31/03/2020 '' 6,000 Crore), refer note - 18A (a).

(d) For capital expenditures contracted but not incurred, refer note 44B.

(e) Capital Work-in-Progress comprise of various projects and expansions spread over all units. Many of these projects will be capitalized during the year ending March 31, 2022. The Company has tested the carrying value of Capital Work-in-Progress for impairment as at reporting date.

(h) Residual values and useful live of Property, Plant and Equipment are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.

(j) During the year, the Company has impaired the certain mining related Property, Plant and Equipment, refer note 35 for further details.

(k) During the year, the Company has reclassified certain assets which were kept as Assets of Disposal Group held for Sale to Property, Plant and equipment presented in "Disposal/ adjustment" column, refer note 15 for further details.

B Right of Use Assets

The Company leases many assets including Land, Buildings, Plant and Machinery, Vehicles, Railway Wagons, Railway Sidings, Furniture etc. These right of use assets are presented as part of ''Property, Plant and Equipment'' under Non-Current assets on the face of the Balance Sheet.

(b) The Company has no contractual obligations to purchase, construct or develop Investment Properties or for repairs, maintenance and enhancements. There is no restrictions on the realisability of investment properties or the remittance of income and proceeds of disposal on the Company.

(c) The fair value of the Company''s Investment properties as at March 31, 2021 and as at March 31, 2020, have been arrived at on the basis of valuation carried out at the respective dates by an external, independent valuer registered with the authority which governs the valuer in India. The fair value measurement for all the investments properties has been categorised as Level 2 based on the inputs to the valuation technique used. Considering the type of the assets, market approach (sales comparable method) to estimate the fair value of the subject properties is adopted.

(a) Addition in Mining Rights includes '' 44 crore and amortization expense includes '' 20 Crore (as at 31/03/2020, addition included '' 47 Crore, and amortization expense included '' 38 Crore) towards stripping activity assets.

(b) The Carrying amount of Intangible Asset under Development as at 31/03/2021 is '' 122 Crore ( as at 31/03/2020 was '' 73 Crore). This includes '' 116 Crore pertaining to Enterprise Resource Planning System implementation (as at 31/03/2020 was '' 70 Crore). The Company has tested the carrying value of Intangible Asset under Development for impairment as at

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(a) Aggregate carrying value of Investments in subsidiaries is '' 16,794 Crore (as at 31/03/2020''16,793). None of the subsidiaries are listed on any stock exchange in India or outside India and these investments are carried at cost. There is no accumulated impairment as at current or previous year end.

(b) During the current year, "Kosala Livelihood and Social Foundation" a wholly owned subsidiary has been incorporated under Section 8 of the Companies Act, 2013 to promote the art of Kosa silk weaving and provide sustainable livelihood to the local community of reelers and weavers in the State of Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand.

(c) Financial guarantees given to subsidiaries were initially recognised at fair value will continue to be accounted as Other Equity Investment until the investment in subsidiaries are derecognised or impaired.

(d) Refer Note - 43 Related Party Disclosure for information on principal place of business of the above Subsidiaries.

(d) Remaining amortisation period of mining rights ranges between 5 -35 years.

(e) The useful live of Intangible assets are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.

(f) All Computer Software items in Intangible Assets (except of Mahan Aluminium, Aditya Aluminium, Kalwa Plant of the Company) are also given as security towards Non-convertible debentures of '' 6,000 Crore (as at 31/03/2020 '' 6,000 Crore), refer note - 18A (a).

(g) During the year, the Company has impaired the Mining rights assets, refer note 35 for further details.

(b) During the current year, the Company has subscribed to the Rights issue of Aditya BirLa Fashion & Retail Limited at '' 110 per share (Face value of '' 10 and Premium of '' 100). The Company has invested '' 43 Crore (52,57,652 shares at '' 82.50 per share) and Final call of '' 27.50 per share is yet to be made.

(c) Hindalco Industries Limited entered in Power Purchase agreement with Sai Wardha Power Generation Limited (SWPGL) in 2017 under Group captive Power purchase scheme (GCPP scheme) under the Electricity Act 2003. To meet the requirement of GCPP Scheme the Company participated in equity of SWPGL to extent of 0.70%. In the current year this investment has been impaired subsequent to National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) judgment declaring SWPGL as insolvent.

(d) Investments in Government Securities include '' 242 Crore (as at 31/03/2020 '' Nil) being deposit as margin money with counter parties for derivative transactions.

(a) Refer note - 43 for balances with related parties.

(b) Prepaid Expenses include '' 12 Crore (as at 31/03/2020 Nil) excess CSR spent carried forward to subsequent years. Refer note 53A for further details.

(c) Mainly includes unutilised tax credits and claims receivables from Indirect Tax Authorities.

(d) Includes '' 192 Crore (Garepalma '' 74 Crore and Kathautia '' 118 Crore) [as at 31/03/2020''192 Crore (Garepalma '' 74 Crore and Kathautia '' 118 Crore)] towards appropriation of Performance Bank Guarantee by Nominated Authority (NA). Refer note - 52 for further details.

(a) For trade receivables hypothecated against borrowings, refer note - 18B (a)

(b) No trade or other receivable are due from directors or other officers of the Company either severally or joi ntly with any other person. Further no trade or other receivable are due from firms or private companies respectively in which any director is a partner, or director or member.

(c) Loss allowances includes provision of '' 2 crore (31/03/2020: '' 9 crore) made on account of expected credit loss on Trade Receivables, refer note - 48 (C)

(d) Refer note - 43 for balances with related parties.

(a) The Company has extended fair value hedge accounting on its inventory which forms part of Work-in-Progress and Finished Goods, Fair value hedges are mainly used to hedge the exposure to change in fair value of commodity price risks. The fair value adjustment remains part of the carrying value of inventory and is taken to profit and loss when the inventory is either sold or consumed, refer note - 49A and 49H.

(b) For Inventories hypothecated against secure short-term borrowings, refer note - 18B (a).

(c) Write downs of inventories (net of reversal) to net realizable value related to raw materials, work-in-progress and finished goods amounted to '' 349 Crore (as at 31/03/2020''266 Crore). These were recognized as expense during the year and included in ''cost of raw material consumed'' and ''change in value of inventories of work-in-progress and finished goods'' in statement of Profit and Loss.

(d) Inventories in hand include bulk materials of Coal, Bauxite and Copper Concentrate lying at yards, mines, plants and precious metals of Gold and Silver lying at Copper smelter and refinery aggregating to '' 3,179 Crore (as at 31/03/2020 '' 3,255 Crore).

(b) During the year, the Company based on future utilisation plan has reclassified certain assets to Property, Plant and equipment which were kept as Assets of Disposal Group held for Sale, refer note 2A.

(c) During the year, the Company has recognised impairment loss of '' 25 Crore on Assets which are held for disposal, refer note 35.

(d) The fair value of the assets held for sale approximates the carrying value.

(e) The Company is in the process of disposing the remaining assets.

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(e) Rights, preferences and restrictions attached to Equity Shares:

The Company has one class of equity shares having a par value of '' 1/- per share. Each shareholder is eligible for one vote per share held. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting, except in case of interim dividend. In the event of liquidation, the equity shareholders are eligible to receive the remaining assets of the Company after distribution of all preferential amounts, in proportion to their shareholding.

(a) Issued Equity Capital as at 31/03/2021 includes 7,397 Equity Shares (as at 31/03/2020 7,397 Equity Shares) of '' 1/- each issued on Rights basis kept in abeyance due to legal case pending.

(b) Treasury shares include shares held by Trident Trust which represents 16,316,130 (as at 31/03/2020: 16,316,130) equity shares of '' 1/- each fully paid-up of the Company issued, pursuant to a Scheme of Arrangement approved by the Hon''ble High Courts of Mumbai and of Allahabad, vide their Orders dated 31st October, 2002, and 18th November, 2002, respectively, to the Trident Trust, created wholly for the benefit of the Company and is being managed by trustees appointed by it. The tenure of the Trust is up to January 23, 2024.

(c) Treasury shares include shares held by Hindalco Employee Welfare Trust which represents 5,824,965 equity shares (as at 31/03/2020 5,885,672 Equity Shares) of '' 1/- each fully paid-up of the Company. The Trust buys shares of the Company from the market, for giving shares to employees pursuant to the Employees Stock Option Scheme, 2018. Refer note 17 (A)

(viii) for further details.

(g) Shares reserved for issue under options:

The Company has reserved equity shares for issue under the Employee Stock Option Schemes, refer note 42 - Employee Share-based Payments for details of Employee Stock Option Schemes.

(h) The Company during the preceding 5 years:

i. Has not allotted shares pursuant to contracts without payment received in cash.

ii. Has not issued shares by way of bonus shares.

iii. Has not bought back any shares.

(i) The Board of Directors of the Company has recommended final dividend of '' 3.00 per share aggregating to '' 674 Crore for the year ended 31st March 2021 which has not been recognised in the financial statement.

(i) Share Application Money pending Allotment:

Share application money pending allotment represents amount received from employees who has exercised employee stock options for which shares are pending allotment as on balance sheet date.

(ii) Capital Reserve:

The Company has created capital reserve pursuant to past mergers and acquisitions.

(iii) Capital Redemption Reserve:

The Company has created capital redemption reserve as per the requirement of the Companies Act.

(iv) Business Reconstruction Reserve:

The Company had formulated a scheme of financial restructuring under sections 391 to 394 of the Companies Act 1956 ("the Scheme") between the Company and its equity shareholders approved by the High Court of judicature of Bombay to deal with various costs associated with its organic and inorganic growth plan. Pursuant to this, a separate reserve account titled as Business Reconstruction Reserve ("BRR") was created during the year 2008-09 by transferring balance standing to the credit of Securities Premium Account of the Company for adjustment of certain expenses as prescribed in the Scheme.

(v) Securities Premium:

Securities premium reserve is used to record the premium on issue of shares. The reserve is utilized in accordance with the provision of the Act.

(vi) Debenture Redemption Reserve:

The Company is required to create a debenture redemption reserve out of the profits which is available for payment of dividend, for the purpose of redemption of debentures.

(vii) Employee Stock Options:

The employee stock option account is used to recognize the grant date fair value of options /RSUs issued to employees under stock option schemes.

(viii) Treasury Shares held by ESOP Trust

The Company has created a trust. "Hindalco Employee Welfare Trust"(Trust) for providing share-based payments to its employees (including its Subsidiaries'' employees). The Company uses this Trust as a vehicle for distributing shares to employees covered under Scheme. The Trust buys shares of the Company from the market, for giving shares to employees under the Employees Stock Option Scheme, 2018.

Shares held by Trust are treated as Treasury shares. Equity instruments that are reacquired (Treasury shares) are recognised at cost and deducted from equity. No gain or loss is recognised in Statement of profit and loss on purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of Equity instruments. Share options whenever exercised, would be utilised from such treasury shares, refer note 42.

(ix) General Reserve:

The Company has created this reserve by transferring certain amount out of the profit at the time of distribution of dividend in the past.

(x) Retained Earning

Amount of retained earnings represents accumulated profit and losses of the Company as on reporting date. Such profits and losses are after adjustment of payment of dividend, transfer to any reserves as statutorily required and adjustment for realised gain/loss on derecognition of equity instruments measured at FVTOCI. Actuarial Gain/ Loss arising out of Actuarial valuation is immediately transferred to Retained Earning.

(xi) Other Reserves

a) Gain/ (Loss) on equity and debt instruments accounted as FVTOCI

The Company has elected to recognize changes in the fair value of certain investments in other comprehensive income. These changes are accumulated within the FVTOCI equity investments reserve and FVTOCI debt investment reserve within equity.

b) Effective portion of Cash Flow Hedge:

The Company uses hedging instruments as part of its risk management policy for commodity and foreign currency risk as described in note 49. The Cash Flow hedging reserve is used to recognise the effective portion of gain or loss on designated hedging relationship, refer note 49E and 49F.

c) Cost of Hedging Reserve:

The Company designates the spot component of some of its derivative instruments in cash flow hedge relationship. The Company defers changes in the forward element of such instruments in the cost of hedging reserve. The deferred cost of hedging are included in the initial cost of the related hedged items when it is recognized or reclassified to the statement of profit or loss when the hedged item effects the statement of profit or loss. The Company designates intrinsic value of option contracts and the time value of option contracts is included in the cost of hedging reserve, refer note 49E and 49F.

(B) Movement of each item of other equity is presented in Statement of Changes in Equity (SOCIE)

A Definition of abbreviation used

(i) 100 basis points (bps) is equal to 1%

(ii) Repo rate is the rate at which RBI lends funds to commercial banks.

(iii) Marginal Cost of funds based Lending Rate (MCLR) is a tenor-linked internal benchmark rate of respective bank

(iv) Treasury Bill (T-bill) means the rate of interest published by the Financial Benchmarks India Pvt. Ltd. ("FBIL”).

* Benchmark changed w.e.f. Oct 2020. Previous benchmark was MCLR 1 Month

# Benchmark changed w.e.f. Dec 2020. Previous benchmark was MCLR 3 Month

(I) The term Loans from banks of '' 2,942 Crore (gross) (31/03/2020: '' 2,948) are secured by a first ranking charge/ mortgage/ security interest in respect of all the moveable and immoveable items of Property, Plant and Equipment of Mahan Aluminium, both present and future. '' 2,858 Crore (gross) is to be repaid in 16 quarterly instalments commencing from June 2026. '' 84 Crore (gross) (31/03/2020: '' 90) is to be repaid in 36 quarterly instalments, refer note - 2A(c) (i).

(II) The term loan of '' 6,299 Crore (gross) is secured by a first ranking charge/ mortgage/security interest in respect of all the moveable and immovable items of Property, Plant and Equipment of Aditya Aluminium both present and future. '' 6,299 Crore (gross) is to be repaid in 26 quarterly instalments commencing from May 2024, refer note - 2A(c) (ii).

Foreign currency term loan pertains to loan from Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi (BTMU) of USD 40 Millions and USD 22.79 Millions. BTMU loan is secured by a pari-passu first charge on all movable Property, Plant and Equipment of Mahan Aluminium, both present and future, refer note - 2A (c) (i). The loans were to be repaid in a single instalment at the end of the tenure. However, before the year end the Company has served a notice to prepay USD 62.79 Millions in April 2021. Accordingly, this loan has been classified as Current as on 31/03/2021.

(a) Working Capital Loan for Aluminium business, granted under the Consortium Lending Arrangement, are secured by a first pari-passu charge on entire stocks of raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, consumable stores and spares and also book debts pertaining to the Company''s Aluminium business, both present and future. Working Capital Loan for the Copper business is secured by a first pari passu charge on stocks of raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods and consumable stores and spares and also book debts and other moveable assets of Copper business, both present and future, refer note 11 (b).

(b) Foreign currency loans from Indian Banks and Offshore branch of Foreign banks are mainly in nature of Buyers credit which has been availed for Copper business to meet its working capital requirement mostly to settle import payments of copper concentrate and certain other raw materials. Refer note 49C on non-derivative financial instruments used as hedging instruments.

(c) Secured Rupee Loan includes amount received from Banks under Special Banking Arrangement where banks pay on behalf of Government of India, amount related to Fertiliser Subsidy Receivables and Government of India pay directly to Banks.

(d) Rupee Loans from Banks represents loan taken to meet the Company''s working capital requirements.

(a) Supplier''s credit represents the extended interest bearing credit offered by the supplier which is secured against Usance Letter of Credit (LC). Under this arrangement, the supplier is eligible to receive payment from negotiating bank prior to the expiry of the extended credit period. The interest for the extended credit period payable to the bank on maturity of the LC has been presented under Finance Cost.

(c) Brief Description of Provisions

i) Assets Retirement Obligations

Asset Retirement Obligation (ARO) is a Legal or constructive obligation associated with the ash ponds, ash pipeline and coal transportation system at Renusagar, red mud ponds at Muri and mining lands at Chattisgarh and Jharkhand where these lands need to be restored back to usable condition after closing of activities. This is a statutory requirement in which the timing or method of settlement may be conditional on one or multiple future events, the occurrence of which may not be within the control of the entity. The outflow of economic resources is expected during FY 22 to FY 47. The same has been appropriately discounted.

ii) Environmental Liability

Environmental Liability associated with disposal of hazardous material generated during the course of manufacturing or mining operation e.g. disposal of spent pot lining, Gypsum, Slag etc. This disposal generally takes place as per the guidelines set by various regulatory authorities of States and Central Government. The outflow of economic resources is generally expected in following financial year.

iii) Enterprise Social Commitment

Enterprise Social Commitment is the amount to be spent on social and economic development of the surrounding area where new project is being setup. This is generally defined as a certain percentage of the total cost of the project. The outflow of economic resources is expected during FY 22 to FY 56. This has been appropriately discounted wherever necessary

iv) Legal Cases

There are few Legal cases against which provision has been made since these events are probable to happen i.e. more likely than not but timing of occurrence of such events is uncertain as it depends on when the matter will be settled at the highest Court of Law.

v) Renewable Power Obligation (RPO)

Some of our units situated in various states like Odisha, Madhya Pradesh , Maharashtra ,Gujarat, Jharkhand etc. who gets power from Captive power plants or procure power from open source, are obligated to purchase certain portion of their power consumption from Renewable Energy sources both solar and non-solar. This gives rise to Renewable Power Obligation (RPO). In case the obligated units fail to procure power from such renewable sources, they may satisfy the obligation by purchasing Renewable Energy Certificates from authorised exchanges as an alternative.

vi) Other Provision

Includes Statutory provisions related to Indirect Taxes, Coal Cess etc.

(d) Reversal of RPO ProvisionPursuant to the issuance of notification by Madhya Pradesh Electricity Regulatory Commission (MPERC) dated April 05,2021,the Company has reversed the excess rPo provision of '' 21 Crore related to FY20. Additionally '' 36 Crore has been reversed on account of reduction in Solar certificate rate from '' 2,400/ REC to '' 1,000/ REC.

(e) Reversal of Legal cases ProvisionReversal of '' 39 Crore includes reversal of '' 37 Crore on account of UP Transit Fees and '' 2 Crore on account of Energy Compensation Charges.

23. Income Taxes

Refer Note 1B (W) for accounting policy on Income Taxes

A Current Tax and Deferred Tax Expense

(b) Deferred tax assets and deferred tax Liabilities have been offset wherever the Company has a Legally enforceable right to set-off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and where the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relates to income tax Levied by the same taxation authorities.

(d) The Company has not recognised deferred tax asset in respect of deductible temporary differences related to its equity investments measured at FVOCI, subsidiaries and associates as presently it is not probable that future taxable Long term capital gain will be available in the foreseeable future to recover such deferred tax assets.

(e) The Taxation Law (Amendments) Ordinance 2019 (''the Ordinance''), provides an option to domestic companies to pay income-tax at a Lower rate of 22% (plus applicable surcharge and cess) instead of the normal rate of 30% (plus applicable surcharge and cess) depending on the conditions specified in this behalf under section 115BAA of the Income Tax Act, 1961. A domestic company can avail of the lower tax rate only if it opts for not availing of certain exemptions or incentives specified in this behalf in the Ordinance. There is no time limit prescribed under the above to choose the option of lower tax rate under section 115BAA, however, once chosen it is irreversible.The Company is having carried forward unabsorbed depreciation, accumulated MAT credit and tax incentives to be availed/adjusted against future taxable profits. Based on the projections prepared by the management, including its plan for future capital expenditure for capacity enhancement, the Company has determined that exercising the option of lower rate will be beneficial only from April 01, 2037. Company has assessed that the net deferred tax liability as at March 31, 2021 would get reversed within the period for which Company is expected to continue to be in the existing tax regime. Accordingly, the Company has not made any adjustments to reverse its deferred tax liability balances as at March 31, 2021.

The Company is subject to tax assessments and ongoing proceedings, which are pending before various Tax Appellate Authorities. Management periodically evaluates the positions taken in tax returns with respect to such matters, including unresolved tax disputes, which involves interpretation of applicable tax regulations and judicial precedents. Current tax liability and tax asset balances are presented, after recognising as appropriate, provision for taxes payable and contingencies basis management''s assessment of outcome of such ongoing proceedings and amounts that may become payable to the tax authorities. Considering the nature of such estimates and uncertainties involved, the amount of such provisions may change upon final resolution of the matters with tax authorities, refer note 1D

(a) Sales of Copper products and precious metals are accounted for provisionally, pending finalization of price and quantity. Variations are accounted for in the period of settlement. Final price receivable on sale of above products for which provisional price was not finalized are realigned at year end forward LME/LMBA rate and is being presented as part of other operating revenue. Revenue from subsequent variation in price movement is loss of '' 31 Crore (year ended 31/03/2020, loss of '' 1 Crore).

(b) Includes nutrient based subsidy of Phosphorus (P) & Potassium (K) arising from sale of Di ammonium phosphate (DAP) '' 402 Crore (year ended 31/03/2020''234 Crore).

(c) Sale of services predominantly include freight and insurance on exports which are identified as separate performance obligation under Ind AS 115.

(c) Includes gain on modification of borrowings of '' 56 Crore (year ended 31/03/2020''19 Crore) resulting from change in benchmark interest rate and timing of expected cash flows on term loans.

(d) Refer note - 43, for related party transactions.

(a) Purchase of copper concentrate is accounted for provisionally pending finalization of contents in the concentrate and price. Variations are accounted for in the period of settlement. Final price payable on purchase of copper concentrate for which provisional price and quantity were not finalized during the year are realigned based on forward LME and LBMA rate. Impact on cost from subsequent variation in price movement for year ended 31/03/2021 was loss of '' 160 Crore (year ended 31/03/2020 gain of '' 217 Crore).

(a) During the current year, the Fertilizer plant was shut for regular maintenance. Thus to cater to the domestic demand the Company has imported the fertilizer products i.e. Di Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (NPK).

(b) Includes gain on realignment Nil (year ended 31/03/2020 gain '' 6 Crore) based on forward LBMA/LME rates for provisionally priced trade purchases.

(a) Interest Income on others includes Nil (year ended 31/03/2020''46 Crore) of interest received from Income Tax Department.

(b) Dividend Income on long-term investments includes Nil (year ended 31/03/2020''29 Crore) dividend received from subsidiary companies. All dividends from equity investments designated at FVTOCI relate to investments held at the end of the reporting period. There was no dividend income relating to investments derecognised during the reporting period.

(i) The Code on Social Security, 2020 (''Code'') relating to employee benefits during employment and postemployment benefits received Presidential assent in September 2020. The Code has been published in the Gazette of India. However, the date on which the Code will come into effect has not been notified. The Company will assess the impact of the Code when it comes into effect and will record any related impact in the period the Code becomes effective.

(ii) The Hon''ble Supreme Court of India ("SC") by their order dated February 28, 2019, in the case of Surya Roshani Limited v/s EPFO, set out the principles based on which allowances paid to the employees should be identifi ed for inclusion in basic wages for the purposes of computation of Provident Fund contribution.

The Company has given effect of the above judgement effective March 1, 2019. This does not have any material impact on the Financial Statements.

B Post-Employment Benefits

The Company provides various benefit plan to its employees. Some of them are defined benefit in nature while some are contributory.

I Defined Benefit Plans:

Major Post retiral defined benefit plans of the Company include Gratuity, Post retirement medical benefit and Provident Fund (to the extent of Company''s obligation to fund any shortfall on the yield of the trust''s investments over the administered interest rates on an annual basis by Central Provident Fund Organisation of Govt of India). The Company does Actuarial valuation for its identified long term and short term defined benefit plans.

Methodology for actuarial valuation of Defined Benefit Obligations:

The Projected Unit Credit (PUC) actuarial method has been used to assess the plan''s liabilities, including those related to death-in-service and incapacity benefits.

Under PUC method a projected accrued benefit is calculated at the beginning of the year and again at the end of the year for each benefit that will accrue for all active members of the plan. The projected accrued benefit is based on the plan''s accrual formula and upon service as of the beginning or end of the year, but using a member''s final compensation, projected to the age at which the employee is assumed to leave active service. The plan liability is the actuarial present value of the projected accrued benefits for active members.

Defined benefit plans expose the Company to actuarial risks such as: Interest Rate Risk, Salary Risk and Demographic Risk.

i. Interest Rate Risk: While calculating the defined benefit obligation a discount rate based on government bonds yields of matching tenure is used to arrive at the present value of future obligations. If the bond yield falls, the defined benefit obligation will tend to increase and plan assets will decrease.

ii. Salary risk: Higher than expected increases in salary will increase the defined benefit obligation.

iii. Demographic risk: This is the risk of variability of results due to unsystematic nature of decrements that include mortality, withdrawal, disability and retirement. The effect of these decrements on the defined benefit obligations is not straight forward and depends on the combination of salary increase, discount rate and vesting criteria. It is important not to overstate withdrawals because in the financial analysis the retirement benefit of a short career employee typically costs less per year as compared to a long service employee.

A Gratuity Plans

The Company has various schemes (funded/unfunded) for payment of gratuity to all eligible employees calculated at specified number of days (ranging from 15 days to 1 month) of last drawn salary depending upon the tenure of service for each year of completed service subject to minimum service of five years payable at the time of separation upon superannuation or on exit otherwise. These defined benefit gratuity plans are governed by Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972.

(j) Sensitivity analysis

Sensitivity analysis are based on a change in an assumption while holding all other assumptions constant. In practice, this is unlikely to occur, and changes in some of the assumptions may be co-related. When calculating the sensitivity of the defined benefit obligation to significant actuarial assumptions, the same method (present value of the defined benefit obligation calculated with the projected unit credit method at the end of the reporting period) has been applied as when calculating the defined benefit liability recognised in the balance sheet.

B Provident Fund

The Company''s contribution towards Provident Fund managed either by approved trusts or by the Central Government is debited to the Statement of Profit and Loss. In respect of provident fund management by the approved trust, the Company has an obligation to fund any shortfall on the yield of the trust''s investments over the administered interest rates on an annual basis. The Company also contributes to Coal Mines Provident Fund (CMPF) in respect of employees working in coal mines. The amount debited to Statement of Profit and Loss during the year was '' 100 Crore (year ended 31/03/2020''97 Crore). Based on actuarial valuation, the Company has recognised obligation of '' 2 Crore as at 31/03/2021 (year ended 31/03/2020 '' 8 Crore) towards shortfall on the yield of the trust''s investments over the administered interest rates. Amount of actuarial (gain)/ loss recognised in Other Comprehensive Income during the year is '' (8) Crore (year ended 31/03/2020 '' (2) Crore).

Certain investments made by Company''s Provident Fund Trust (''AAA'' rated when the investment was done) became impaired previous year. The Trust has recorded the loss in its books for the year ended March 31, 2020. The Company is obligated to make good such losses to the trust and as such has compensated the trust by '' 73 crore. The amount has been accounted for in Other Comprehensive Income.

(m) Expected Contributions to post employment benefit plan of Gratuity for the year ending 31st March, 2022 are '' 63 Crore. B Post Retirement Medical Benefit

This is a defined benefit plan where the Company provides post retirement medical benefit to its certain retired employees. The scheme involves reimbursement of expenses towards medical treatment of self and dependents. The amount charged to the statement Profit and Loss during the year is '' 0.34 Crore (year ended 31/03/2020''0.36 Crore) and amount of actuarial (gain)/ loss recognised in Other Comprehensive Income during the year is '' (1) Crore (year ended 31/03/2020''4 Crore). The obligation with respect to said scheme as at 31/03/2021''5 Crore ( year ended 31/03/2020''5 Crore) .

II Defined Contribution Plans A Pension

It is a contributory benefit plan where the Company contributes a certain percentage of salary for all eligible employees in the managerial cadre towards Superannuation Funds with option to put certain portion in National Pension Scheme (NPS) and/or in funds managed by Birla Sunlife Insurance Company to be converted to annuity of Life Insurance Corporation of India at retirement. Junior Pension Plan provided to certain employees is in the nature of defined benefit plan which provides an annuity in the form of pension amount at retirement. Refer note 43 for details of pension benefit provided to erstwhile Managing Director. The amount charged to statement of Profit and Loss during the year is '' 18 Crore (year ended 31/03/2020''60 Crore). Amount of actuarial (gain)/ loss recognised in Other Comprehensive Income during the year is '' 1 Crore (year ended 31/03/2020''6 Crore). The obligation with respect to these schemes as at 31/03/2021''47 Crore (year ended 31/03/2020''47 Crore).

III Other Employee Benefit plans A Leave Obligation

The leave obligation cover the Company''s liability for earned and sick leave. The entire amount of the provision of '' 257 Crore (year ended 31/03/2020''254 Crore) is presented as current, since the company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for these obligations. Expected amount towards settlement of Leave for the next 12 months are '' 36 Crore (31/03/2020''37 Crore).

(a) Interest expenses include '' 6.48 Crore (year ended 31/03/2020''0.16 Crore) paid to Income Tax Department.

(b) Includes difference between effective interest rate and contracted interest rate of '' 49 Crore (year ended 31/03/2020 '' 41 Crore) mainly from amortisation of debt issuance cost.

(c) Mainly includes unwinding of discount on Enterprise Social Commitment and Asset Retirement Obligation.

(d) The Capitalisation rate used to determine the amount of borrowing costs to be capitalised is the weighted average interest rate applicable to general borrowings. Capitalisation rate for year ended 31/03/2021 is 6.58% p.a.

34. Depreciation and Amortisation Expenses

Refer Note 1B (D) for accounting policy on Property, Plant and Equipment Refer Note 1B (E) for accounting policy on Investment properties Refer Note 1B (F) for accounting policy on Intangible Assets Refer Note 1B (G) for accounting policy on Stripping cost Refer Note 1B (L) for accounting policy on Leases

(a) Operation of certain mining assets of the Company have become unviable due to high cost of production and other operational issues. As a result the Company has recognized impairment in respect of these mining assets amounting to '' 115 Crores (Property, Plant and Equipement '' 71 Crore and Intangible assets '' 44 Crore).

(b) The Company has recognized impairment of '' 25 Crores on certain other assets classified as "Non Current Asset Held for Sale" based on their future utilisation plan.

(d) Freight expenses amounting to '' 152 Crore (year ended 31/03/2020 of '' 156 Crore) is included in Cost material consumed and '' 25 Crore (year ended 31/03/2020 of '' 79 Crore) is included in Power and Fuel expense. (refer note 28 and 32).

(e) Donation includes Nil (year ended 31/03/2020 of '' 29 Crore) paid towards political donation, out of which Nil (year ended 31/03/2020 of '' 10 Crore) paid to AB General Electoral Trust (erstwhile General Electoral Trust) and '' Nil (year ended 31/03/2020''19 Crore) through Electoral Bond previous year.

(f) Miscellaneous expenses include '' 0.04 Crore (year ended 31/03/2020''0.01 Crore) paid to a firm of solicitors in which one of the Director of the Company is a partner.

4,295,432 shares (year ended 31/03/2020 4,448,494 Shares) options granted under Employee Stock option scheme but were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because they are antidilutive for the period. Options can potentially dilute basic earnings per share in the future depending on future share price of the Company.

Stock options granted to the employees under various ESOP schemes are considered to be potential equity shares. They have been included in the determination of diluted earnings per share to the extent they are dilutive. The stock options have not been included in the determination of basic earnings per share. For details relating to stock options, refer note 42.

41. Segment Reporting

The Company has presented segment information in its Consolidated Financial Statements, which are part of the same annual report. Accordingly, in terms of provisions of Accounting Standard on Segment Reporting (Ind AS 108), no disclosure related to the segment are presented in the Standalone Financial Statements.


42. Employee Share-based Payments

Refer Note 1B (V) for accounting policy on Employee Share-based Payments

The Company has formulated employee share-based payment schemes with objective to attract and retain talent and align the interest of employees with the Company as well as to motivate them to contribute to its growth and profitability. The Company views employee stock options as instruments that would enable the employees to share the value they create for the Company in the years to come. At present, following employee share-based payment schemes are in operation, details of which are given below:

(I) Employee Stock Option Scheme 2006 (“ESOS 2006"):

The shareholders of the Company has approved on 23/01/2007 an Employee Stock Option Scheme 2006 ("ESOS 2006"), under which the Company may grant up to 3,475,000 stock options to its permanent employees in the management cadre, whether working in India or out of India, including Managing and the Whole Time Directors of the Company, in one or more tranches. The ESOS 2006 is administrated by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). Each stock option, when exercised, would be converted into one fully paid-up equity share of '' 1/- each of the Company. The stock options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after completion of one year of service from the date of grant. The exercise price shall be average price of the equity shares of the Company in the immediate preceding seven day period on the date prior to the date on which the ESOS compensation committee finalises the specific numbers of Options to be granted to the employees discounted by such percentage not exceeding 30 % (thirty percent) to be determined by ESOS Compensation Committee in the best interest of the various stake holders in the prevailing market conditions. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting and these stock options do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, forfeited/ expired stock options are also available for grant. Further, on 23/09/2011 the ESOS 2006 has been partially modified and by which the Company may grant 6,475,000 stock options to its eligible employees.

Under the ESOS 2006, till 31/03/2021 the Committee has granted 4,328,159 stock options (31/03/2020: 4,328,159 stock options) to its eligible employees out of which 1,819,941 stock options (31/03/2020: 1,819,941 stock options) has been forfeited/ expired and are available for grant as per term of the Scheme.

of the Company as at the date of grant of RSUs. Each stock option and each RSU entitles the holders to apply for and be allotted one fully paid-up equity share of '' 1/- each of the Company upon payment of exercise price during exercise period. The stock options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after completion of one year of the services from the date of grant, whereas RSU will vest upon completion of three years of services from the date of grant. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting and these stock option/ RSU do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, forfeited/ expired stock options and RSUs are also available for grant.

In terms of ESOS 2013, till 31/03/2021 the Committee has granted 2,250,754 stock options and 2,252,254 RSUs (31/03/2020: 2,250,754 stock options and 2,252,254 RSUs) to the eligible employees of the Company and some of its subsidiary companies. Further, 296,996 stock options and 202,063 RSUs (31/03/2020: 216,409 stock options and 193,287 RSUs) has been forfeited/ expired and are available for grant as per term of the Scheme.

Under ESOS 2006, as at 31/03/2021 exercise prices for stock options outstanding was '' 118.73 (31/03/2020: '' 118.73) whereas the weighted average remaining contractual life of the stock options outstanding was 1.02 years (31/03/2020: 1.81 years).

The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of ESOS 2006 was '' 173.25 per share (31/03/2020''179.07 per share).

(II) Employee Stock Option Scheme 2013 (“ESOS 2013"):

The shareholders of the Company has approved on 10/09/2013 an Employee Stock Option Scheme 2013 ("ESOS 2013"), under which the Company may grant up to 5,462,000 Options (comprising of Stock Options and/ or Restricted Stock Units (RSU)) to the permanent employees in the management cadre and Managing and Whole time Directors of the Company and its subsidiary companies in India and abroad, in one or more tranches. The ESOS 2013 is administered by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). The stock options exercise price would be determined by the Committee, whereas the RSUs exercise price shall be the face value of the equity shares

(IN) Employee Stock Option Scheme 2018 (“ESOS 2018"):

The shareholders of the Company has approved on 21/09/2018 an Employee Stock Option Scheme 2018 ("ESOS 2018"), formulated by the company, under which the Company may grant not more than 13,957,302 [Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units(''RSU'')] to its permanent employees of the Company in management cadre including Managing and the Wholetime Director of the Company and its subsidiary companies in India and abroad, in one or more tranches. The ESOS 2018 is administered by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee") and the Hindalco Employees Welfare Trust ("Trust"). The Stock options exercise price would be determined by the Committee whereas the RSU exercise price shall be the face value of the equity shares of the company as at the date of grant of RSUs. Each stock option and each RSU entitles the holders to apply for and be allotted one fully paid-up equity share of Re. 1/- each of the Company upon payment of exercise price during the exercise period. The stock options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after completion of one year of the services from the date of grant, whereas RSU will vest upon completion of three years of services from the date of grant. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting and these stock options/RSUs do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, forfeited/expired stock options and RSUs are also available for grant.

In terms of ESOS 2018, till 31/03/2021 the Committee has granted 5,189,519 stock options and 1,368,979 RSUs (31/03/2020: 4,607,279 stock options and 1,348,492 RSUs) to the eligible employees of the Company and some of its subsidiary companies. A summary of movement of stock options and RSUs and weighted average exercise price (WAEP) is given below:

(IV) Stock Appreciation Rights (''SAR 2013''):

The Company had granted 956,522 Share Appreciation Rights ("SAR 2013 ") to its eligible employee to be vested in 4 equal annual instalments after completion of one year of the service from the date of grant (i.e. 09/10/2013). The SAR 2013 is administered by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). The SAR 2013 have performance linked vesting conditions which are decided by the committee and are cash settled. The options shall lapse in case of performance linked vesting conditions are not met. The Exercise price of the SAR is '' 118.73. The SAR can be exercised within 3 years from the date of vesting or within 6 years from the date of grant, whichever is earlier.

Under ESOS 2018, the range of exercise prices for stock options outstanding as at 31/03/2021 was '' 159.30 to '' 278.05 (31/03/2020 was '' 159.30 to '' 218.80) whereas exercise price in case of RSUs was '' 1 (31/03/2020: '' 1.00). The weighted average remaining contractual Life for the stock options and RSUs outstanding as at 31/03/2021 was 5.43 years and 5.84 years, respectively (31/03/2020 was 6.26 years and 6.81 years respectively).

The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of ESOS 2018 was '' 332.87 per share.

The fair values at grant date of stock options granted duri ng the year ended 31/03/2021 was '' 144.57 to '' 181.09 (31/03/2020 was '' 53.05 to '' 97.09) and fair values in case of RSUs was '' 269.56 (31/03/2020 was '' 150.68 to '' 205.48, respectively. The fair valuation has been carried out by an independent valuer by applying Black and Scholes Model. The inputs to the model include the exercise price, the term of option, the share price at grant date and the expected volatility, expected dividends and the risk free rate of interest for terms of options.

(V) Stock Appreciation Rights (''SAR 2018''):

The Company till 31/03/2021, has granted 95,815 Option SAR and 20,514 RSU SAR (31/03/2020: 44,668 Option SAR and 11,333 RSU SAR)under the Share Appreciation Rights Scheme 2018 ("SAR 2018") to its eligible employees. Option SAR to be vested in 4 equal annual instalments after completion of one year of the service from the date of grant and RSU SAR will vest upon completion of three years of services from the date of grant. The SAR 2018 is administered by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). The SAR 2018 have performance linked vesting conditions which are decided by the committee and are cash settled. The options shall lapse in case of performance linked vesting conditions are not met. The range of exercise price of the Option SAR is '' 159.30 to '' 278.05 and RSU SAR is '' 1 (31/03/2020: Option SAR is '' 218.80 and RSU SAR is '' 1).

The fair values per Option SAR as at 31/03/2021 was '' 144.97 to '' 232.47 (31/03/2020''6.62 to '' 19.87) and for RSU SAR as at 31/03/2021 was '' 321.21 to '' 322.35 (31/03/2020''89.14 to '' 89.46). The fair value has been carried out by an independent valuer by applying Black and Scholes Model. The inputs to the model include the exercise price, the term of option, the share price at grant date and the expected volatility, expected dividends and the risk free rate of interest. The assumptions used for fair valuation for Option SAR and RSU SAR are given below:

Effect of Employee Share-Based Payment transactions on Profit or Loss for the period and on financial position:

For the year ended 31/03/2021, the Company recognised total expenses of '' 16 Crore (31/03/2020''28 Crore) related to equity-settled and cash-settled share based transactions. During the year ended 31/03/2021, the Company has allotted 461,560 fully paid-up equity share of '' 1/- each of the Company (31/03/2020 692,442) on exercise of equity settled options for which the Company has realised '' 3 Crore (31/03/2020''6 Crore) as exercise prices.

The Company has received '' 0.29 Crore (31/03/2020''1 Crore) from Utkal Alumina International Limited and Hindalco -Almex Aerospace Limited (Subsidiaries) towards the grant of 88,676 Stock Options and 43,261 RSUs under ESOS 2018 which is netted off from Employee Share-Based Payments Expenses.

(i) Excludes amortisation of fair value of employee share-based payments under Ind AS 102.

(ii) As the Liabilities for defined benefit plans are provided on actuarial basis for the Company as a whole, the amounts pertaining to Key Management Personnel are not included.

(iii) The Board approved pension of Mr. D. Bhattacharya of '' 0.335 Crore per month and other post-employment benefits for his past service when he was the Managing Director of the Company. The present value of the above pension liability determined based on the actuarial valuation is accounted by the Company in the financial statements. Amount charged as expenses in the statement of profit and loss during the year towards such post-employment benefit amounting to '' 3 Crore (as at 31/03/2020''3 Crore) has been disclosed as a part of managerial remuneration above, and does not include the impact of actuarial (gains)/losses recognised in other comprehensive income.

45. Capital Management

The Company''s objective to manage its capital is to ensure continuity of business while at the same time provide reasonable returns to its various stakeholders, but keep associated costs under control. In order to achieve this, requirement of capital is reviewed periodically with reference to operating and business plans that take into account capital expenditure and strategic investments. Apart from internal accrual, sourcing of capital is done through judicious combination of equity and borrowing, both short term and long term. Net debt (total borrowings less current investments and cash & cash equivalents) to equity ratio is used to monitor capital. No changes were made to the objectives, policies or processes for managing capital during the years ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020.

Level 1 Hierarchy includes financial instruments valued using quoted market prices. Listed equity instruments and traded debt instruments which are traded in the stock exchanges are valued using the closing price at the reporting date. Mutual funds are valued using the closing NAV.

Level 2 Hierarchy includes financial instruments that are not traded in active market. This includes over the counter (OTC) derivatives, close ended mutual funds and debt instruments valued using observable market data such as yield etc. of similar instruments traded in active market. All derivatives are reported at discounted values hence are included in level 2. Borrowings have been fair valued using credit adjusted interest rate prevailing on the reporting date. Trade Receivables and Payables that are realigned based on forward LME/LBMA price movements have been included in Level 2 hierarchy.

Level 3 If one or more significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3. This is the case for unlisted equity instruments and certain debt instruments which are valued using assumptions from market participants.

(v) Valuation Process

Some of the Company''s assets and Liabilities are measured at fair value for financial reporting purposes. The Management of the Company has set up a team in the finance department which performs the valuation of financial assets and liabilities.

In estimating the fair value of an asset or a Liability, the Company uses market-observable data to the extent it is available. Where Level 1 inputs are not available, the Company engages third party qualified valuers to perform the valuation. The team works closely with the qualified external valuers to establish the appropriate valuation techniques and inputs to the model. The team reports findings to the Management of the Company to explain the cause of fluctuations in the fair value of the assets and liabilities.

(vi) Valuation techniques used for valuation of instruments categorised as Level 3

For valuation of investments in equity shares and associates which are unquoted, peer comparison has been performed wherever available. Valuation has been primarily done by considering the net worth of the Company and price to book multiple to arrive at the fair value. In cases where income approach was feasible valuation has been arrived using the earnings capitalisation method. For inputs that are not observable for these instruments, certain assumptions are made based on available information. The most significant of these assumptions are the discount rate and credit spreads used in the valuation process.

For valuation of investments in debt securities categorised as level 3, market polls which represent indicative yields are used as assumptions by market participants when pricing the asset.

There were no significant inter-relationships between unobservable inputs that materially affect fair values.

(ii) Market Risk : Foreign Currency Risk

Exchange rate movements, particularly the United States Dollar (USD) and Euro (EUR) against Indian Rupee (INR), have an impact on our operating results. In addition to the foreign exchange inflow


Mar 31, 2018

1. Company Overview

Hindalco Industries Limited (“the Company”) was incorporated in India in the year 1958 having its registered office at Ist Floor, B Wing, Mahakali Caves Road, Andheri (East), Mumbai - 400093

The Company has two main stream of business, Aluminium and Copper. In Aluminium, the Company caters to the entire value chain starting from mining of bauxite and coal through production of value added products for various application.

The Company also has one of the largest single location Copper smelting facilities in India.

The Equity Shares of the Company are listed on the Indian Stock Exchanges (National Stock Exchange and Bombay Stock Exchange), and GDRs are listed on the Luxemburg Stock Exchange.

1A. Basis of Preparation

The separate financial statements of Hindalco Industries Limited (“the Company”) comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (“Ind AS”) as prescribed under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (“the Act”), as notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, Companies (Indian Accounting Standard) Amendment Rules, 2016, and other accounting principles generally accepted in India.

The financial statements for the year ended 31st March, 2018, have been approved by the Board of Directors of the Company in their meeting held on 16th May, 2018.

The financial statements have been prepared on historical cost convention on accrual basis, except for the following assets and liabilities, which have been measured at fair value or revalued amount:

- Financial instruments - Measured at fair value;

- Assets held for sale - Measured at fair value less cost of sale;

- Plan assets under defined benefit plans - Measured at fair value; and

- Employee share-based payments - Measured at fair value

In addition, the carrying values of recognised assets and liabilities, designated as hedged items in fair value hedges that would otherwise be carried at cost, are adjusted to record changes in the fair values attributable to the risks that are being hedged in effective hedge relationship.

Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company takes into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Fair value for measurement and/or disclosure purposes in these financial statements is determined on such a basis, except for employee share-based payments, leasing transactions, and measurements that have some similarities to fair value but are not fair value, such as net realisable value in Inventories or value in use in Impairment of Assets. The basis of fair valuation of these items are given as part of their respective accounting policies.

In addition, for financial reporting purposes, fair value measurements are categorised into Level 1, 2 or 3 based on the degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety, which are described as follows:

- Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the

Company can access at the measurement date;

- Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included within Level 1, that are observable for the

asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

- Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

The Financial Statements have been presented in Indian Rupees (INR), which is the Company’s functional currency. All financial information presented in INR has been rounded off to the nearest two decimals of Crore, unless otherwise stated.

Use of Estimates and Management Judgement

In preparing the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in India, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements, and the amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Any revision to such estimates is recognised in the period in which the same is determined.

IB. Measurement of Fair Value

A. Financial Instruments

The estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments is based on market prices and valuation techniques. Valuations are made with the objective to include relevant factors that market participants would consider in setting a price, and to apply accepted economic and financial methodologies for the pricing of financial instruments. References for less active markets are carefully reviewed to establish relevant and comparable data.

B. Marketable and Non-Marketable Equity Securities

Fair value for listed shares is based on quoted market prices as of the reporting date. Fair value for unlisted shares is calculated based on commonly accepted valuation techniques utilising significant unobservable data, primarily cash flow-based models.

C. Derivatives

Fair value of financial derivatives is estimated as the present value of future cash flows, calculated by reference to quoted price curves and exchange rates as of the Balance Sheet date. Options are valued using appropriate option pricing models, and credit spreads are applied where deemed to be significant.

D. Embedded Derivatives

Embedded derivatives that are separated from the host contract are valued by comparing the forward curve at contract inception to the forward curve as of the Balance Sheet date. Changes in the present value of the cash flows related to the embedded derivative are recognised in the Balance Sheet and in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

IC. Critical Accounting Judgment and Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty

The application of accounting policies requires the Management to make estimates and judgements in determining certain revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities. The following paragraphs explain areas that are considered more critical, involving a higher degree of judgement and complexity.

A. Impairment of Non-Current Assets

Ind AS-36 requires that the Company assesses conditions that could cause an asset or a Cash-Generating Unit (CGU) to become impaired and to test recoverability of potentially impaired assets. These conditions include internal and external factors, such as the Company’s market capitalisation, significant changes in the Company’s planned use of the assets or a significant adverse change in the expected prices, sales

volumes or raw material cost. The identification of CGUs involves judgement, including assessment of where active markets exist, and the level of inter-dependency of cash inflows. CGU is usually the individual plant, unless the asset or asset group is an integral part of a value chain, where no independent prices for the intermediate products exist, a group of plants is combined and managed to serve a common market, or where circumstances otherwise indicate significant inter-dependencies.

In accordance with Ind AS 36, certain intangible assets are reviewed at least annually for impairment. If a loss in value is indicated, the recoverable amount is estimated as the higher of the CGU’s fair value less cost to sell, or its value in use. Directly observable market prices rarely exist for the Company’s assets, however, fair value may be estimated based on recent transactions on comparable assets, internal models used by the Company for transactions involving the same type of assets or other relevant information. Calculation of value in use is a discounted cash flow calculation based on continued use of the assets in its present condition, excluding potential exploitation of improvement or expansion potential.

Determination of the recoverable amount involves the Management estimates on highly uncertain matters, such as commodity prices and their impact on markets and prices for upgraded products, development in demand, inflation, operating expenses and tax, and legal systems. The Company uses internal business plans, quoted market prices and the Company’s best estimate of commodity prices, currency rates, discount rates and other relevant information. A detailed forecast is developed for a period of three to five years with projections thereafter. The Company does not include a general growth factor to volumes or cash flows for the purpose of impairment tests, however, cash flows are generally increased by expected inflation and market recovery towards previously observed volumes is considered.

B. Employee Retirement Plans

The Company provides both defined benefit employee retirement plans and defined contribution plans. Measurement of pension and other superannuation costs and obligations under such plans require numerous assumptions and estimates that can have a significant impact on the recognised costs and obligation, such as future salary level, discount rate, attrition rate and mortality.

The Company provides defined benefit plans in several countries and in various economic environments. The discount rate is based on the yield on high quality corporate bonds. In geographies, when the Corporate Bond market is not developed, Government bond yield is considered as discount rate. Assumptions for salary increase in the remaining service period for active plan participants are based on expected salary increase for each country or economic area. Changes in these assumptions can influence the net asset or liability for the plan as well as the pension cost. (refer Note 42)

C. Environmental Liabilities and Asset Retirement Obligations (ARO)

Estimation of environmental liabilities and ARO require interpretation of scientific and legal data, in addition to assumptions about probability and future costs. (refer Note 45)

D. Taxes

The Company calculates income tax expense based on reported income. Deferred income tax expense is calculated based on the differences between the carrying value of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and their respective tax basis that are considered temporary in nature. Valuation of deferred tax assets is dependent on the Management’s assessment of future recoverability of the deferred benefit. Expected recoverability may result from expected taxable income in the future, planned transactions or planned tax optimising measures. Economic conditions may change and lead to a different conclusion regarding recoverability. (refer Note 36)

E. Classification of Leases

The Company enters into leasing arrangements for various assets. The classification of the leasing arrangement as a finance lease or operating lease is based on an assessment of several factors, including, but not limited to, transfer of ownership of leased asset at the end of lease term, lessee’s option to purchase and estimated certainty of exercise of such option, proportion of lease term to the asset’s economic life, proportion of present value of minimum lease payments to fair value of leased asset and extent of specialised nature of the leased asset. (refer Notes 18A(e), 46)

F. Useful Lives of Depreciable/Amortisable Assets (Tangible and Intangible)

The Management reviews its estimate of the useful lives of depreciable/amortisable assets at each reporting date, based on the expected utility of the assets. Uncertainties in these estimates relate to technical and economic obsolescence that may change the utility of certain software, IT equipment, and other plant and equipment.

G. Recoverability of Advances/Receivables

At each Balance Sheet date, based on discussions with the respective counter-parties and internal assessment of their credit worthiness, the management assesses the recoverability of outstanding receivables and advances. Such assessment requires significant management judgement based on financial position of the counter-parties, market information and other relevant factors.

H. Fair Value Measurements

The Company applies valuation techniques to determine the fair value of financial instruments (where active market quotes are not available) and non-financial assets. This involves developing estimates and assumptions consistent with the market participants to price the instrument. The Company’s assumptions are based on observable data as far as possible, otherwise on the best information available. Estimated fair values may vary from the actual prices that would be achieved in an arm’s length transaction at the reporting date. (refer Note 48)

I. Contingent Assets and Liabilities, Uncertain Assets and Liabilities

Liabilities that are uncertain in timing or amount are recognized when a liability arises from a past event and an outflow of cash or other resources is probable and can be reasonably estimated. Contingent liabilities are possible obligations where a future event will determine whether the Company will be required to make a payment to settle the liability, or where the size of the payment cannot be determined reliably. Material contingent liabilities are disclosed unless a future payment is considered remote. Evaluation of uncertain liabilities and contingent liabilities and assets requires judgement and assumptions regarding the probability of realisation and the timing and amount, or range of amounts, that may ultimately be incurred. Such estimates may vary from the ultimate outcome as a result of differing interpretations of laws and facts. (refer Note 44)

1D. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Amendments to Standards issued but not yet effective:

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has notified the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2018 (the ‘Rules’), on 28th March, 2018. The Rules notify the new revenue standard Ind AS 115, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, brings amendments to Ind AS 21; Foreign currency transactions and advance consideration, Ind AS 40, Investment Property - Transfers of investment property, and Ind AS 12 Income Taxes, regarding recognition of deferred tax assets on unrealised losses. The rules shall be effective from reporting periods beginning on or after 1st April, 2018 and cannot be early adopted.

A. Ind AS 115 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Ind AS 115, Revenue from Contracts with Customers deals with revenue recognition and establishes principles. Under the new standard, Revenue is recognised when a customer obtains control of a promised goods or services and, thus, has the ability to direct the use and obtain the benefits from the goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. The standard replaces Ind AS 18 Revenue and Ind AS 11 Construction contracts and appendices,, related to these standards.

The Company is in the process of assessing the detailed impact of Ind AS 115. Presently, the Company is not able to reasonably estimate the impact that the new standard is expected to have on its Financial Statements. However, the Company does not except that adoption of Ind AS 115 is going to significantly change the timing of the Company’s revenue recognition for product sales. Consistent with the current practice, recognition of revenue will continue to occur at a point in time when products are dispatched to customers, or in other cases delivered to customers, which is also when the control of the asset is transferred to the customer under Ind AS 115.

B. Appendix B to Ind AS 21 - Foreign Currency Transactions and Advance Consideration

The appendix clarifies how to determine the date of transaction for the exchange rate to be used on initial recognition of a related asset, expense or income, where an entity pays or receives consideration in advance for foreign currency-denominated contracts. For a single payment or receipt, the date of transaction should be the date on which the Company initially recognises the non-monetary asset or liability arising from the advance consideration (the prepayment or deferred income/contract liability). If there are multiple payments or receipts for one item, date of transaction should be determined as above for each payment or receipt.

The Company intends to adopt the amendments prospectively to items in scope of the appendix that are initially recognised on or after the beginning of the reporting period in which the appendix is first applied (i.e., from 1st April, 2018).

C. Amendments to Ind AS 40 - Investment Property - Transfers of Investment Property

The amendments clarify that transfers to, or from, investment property can only be made if there has been a change in use that is supported by evidence. A change in intention alone is not sufficient to support a transfer. The list of evidence for a change of use in the standard was re-characterised as a non-exhaustive list of examples, and scope of these examples have been expanded to include assets under construction/ development and not only transfer of completed properties.

The Company has decided to apply the amendment prospectively to changes in use that occur after the date of initial application (i.e., 1st April, 2018). The Company has evaluated the effect of this on the Financial Statements and the impact is not expected to be material.

D. Amendments to Ind AS 12 - Income Taxes regarding recognition of Deferred Tax Assets on Unrealised Losses

The amendments clarify the accounting for deferred taxes where an asset is measured at fair value and that fair value is below the asset’s tax base. They also clarify certain other aspects of accounting for deferred tax assets as below:

- A temporary difference exists whenever the carrying amount of an asset is less than its tax base at the end of the reporting period.

- The estimate of future taxable profit may include the recovery of some of an entity’s assets for more than its carrying amount, if it is probable then the entity will achieve this. For example, when a fixed-rate debt instrument is measured at fair value but the entity expects to hold and collect the contractual cash flows and it is probable that recoverable value will be more than its carrying amount.

- Where the tax law restricts the source of taxable profits against which particular types of deferred tax assets can be recovered, the recoverability of the deferred tax assets can only be assessed in combination with other deferred tax assets of the same type.

- Tax deductions resulting from the reversal of deferred tax assets are excluded from the estimated future taxable profit that is used to evaluate the recoverability of those assets. This is to avoid double counting the deductible temporary differences in such assessment.

The amendments to Ind AS 12 need to be applied retrospectively in accordance with Ind AS 8. However, on initial application of the amendment, the change in the opening equity of the earliest comparative period may be recognised in opening retained earnings (or in another component of equity, as appropriate), without allocating the change between opening retained earnings and other components of equity.

The Company shall apply the amendments to Ind AS 12 retrospectively in accordance with Ind AS 8 with the corresponding impact recognised in opening retained earnings as at 1st April, 2017, based on the relief provided by the standard. The company has evaluated the effect of this on the Financial Statements and the impact is not expected to be material.

(a) Dividend Distribution Tax is net of credit Rs.4.07 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.8.14 crore) being dividend distribution tax paid by subsidiaries.

(b) Descriptions of Other Equity

(i) Share Application Money Pending Allotment:

Share application money pending allotment represents amount received from employees who has exercised ESOS for which shares are pending allotment as on Balance Sheet date.

(ii) Capital Reserve:

The Company has created capital reserve pursuant to past mergers and acquisitions.

(iii) Capital Redemption Reserve:

The Company has created capital redemption reserve as per the requirement of the Companies Act.

(iv) Business Reconstruction Reserve:

The Company had formulated a scheme of financial restructuring under Sections 391 to 394 of the Companies Act, 1956 (“the Scheme”), between the Company and its equity shareholders, approved by the High Court of judicature of Bombay, to deal with various costs associated with its organic and inorganic growth plan. Pursuant to this, a separate reserve account, titled as Business Reconstruction Reserve (“BRR”), was created during the year 2008-09 by transferring balance standing to the credit of Securities Premium Account of the Company for adjustment of certain expenses as prescribed in the Scheme.

(v) Securities Premium Account:

Securities premium reserve is used to record the premium on issue of shares. The reserve is utilised in accordance with the provision of the Act.

(vi) Debenture Redemption Reserve:

The Company is required to create a debenture redemption reserve out of the profits, which is available for payment of dividend, for the purpose of redemption of debentures.

(vii) Employee Stock Options:

The employee stock options account is used to recognise the grant date fair value of options/RSUs issued to employees under stock option schemes.

(viii) General Reserve:

The Company has created this reserve by transferring certain amount out of the profit at the time of distribution of dividend.

(ix) Other Reserves

Actuarial Gain (Loss) on Define Benefit Obligation:

The Company transfers actuarial gain (loss) arising at the time of valuation of defined benefit obligations to “Actuarial gain (loss)” component of Other Comprehensive Income (OCI).

Gain (Loss) on Equity and Debt Instruments accounted as FVTOCI:

The Company has elected to recognise changes in the fair value of certain investments in other comprehensive income. These changes are accumulated within the FVTOCI equity investments reserve and FVTOCI debt investment reserve within equity.

Effective Portion of Cash Flow Hedge:

The Company uses hedging instruments as part of its risk management policy for commodity and foreign currency risk as described in Note 51.

Cost of Hedging Reserve:

The Company designates the spot component of cross currency interest rate swap as hedging instruments in cash flow hedge relationship. The Company defers changes in the forward element of cross currency interest rate swap in the cost of hedging reserve. The deferred costs of hedging are included in the initial cost of the related hedged items when it is recognised or reclassified to the statement of profit and loss when the hedged item effects the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(a) Sales of Copper products and precious metals are accounted for provisionally pending finalisation of price and quantity. Variations are accounted for in the year of settlement. Final price receivable on sale of above products, for which quotational price was not finalised in the year ended 31/03/2017, was realigned at year-end forward LME/LMBA rate and reversal of sales of Rs.5.30 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 addition of Rs.5.24 crore) was accounted for during the year, final price was settled at reversal of Rs.10.90 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 was settled for Rs.14.73 crore) and further reduction of sales of Rs.5.60 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 additional sales of Rs.9.49 crore) was taken into account. As on 31st March, 2018, sale of Copper products and precious metals, pending for price finalisation, was realigned at year-end forward LME/LMBA and an reversal of sales of Rs.1.33 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 reversal of sales of Rs.5.30 crore) was accounted for. Actual cash flow is expected on finalisation of quotational price and quantity in the subsequent financial year.

(b) Includes sale of Di Ammonium Phosphate (DAP), including nutrient based subsidy of Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K), Rs.186.98 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.295.10 crore).

(c) Includes Government Grant in the nature of Export Incentives and other benefits of Rs.315.93 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.288.16 crore).

(d) Includes Excise Duty Rs.636.89 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.2,446.51 crore) till 30/06/2017. Subsequent to the introduction of Goods and Service Tax (GST) with effect from 1st July, 2017, revenue is being reported excluding GST.

(a) Interest Income on others includes Rs.197.80 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.50.58 crore) of interest received from Income Tax Department.

(b) Dividend Income on long-term investments includes Rs.20.00 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.45.00 crore) of dividend received from subsidiary companies.

(c) Includes gain on modification of borrowings of Rs.52.92 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 ‘ Nil) resulting from change in amount and timing of expected cash flow payments on term loan.

(a) Purchase of copper concentrate is accounted for provisionally pending finalisation of contents in the concentrate and price. Variations are accounted for in the year of settlement. Final price payable on purchase of Copper concentrate, for which quotational price and quantity were not finalized in the year ended 31/03/2017, was realigned based on forward LME and LBMA rate at the year end of Copper and precious metals, respectively, and accordingly payable of Rs.75.53 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 receivable of Rs.95.20 crore) was accounted for. During the current year, final price was settled at Rs.9.48 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.43.98 crore) and accordingly balance amount of Rs.66.04 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.51.22 crore) has been accounted for. As on 31st March, 2018, payable of Rs.79.88 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.75.73 crore) was accounted for on re-alignment of unpriced Copper concentrate. Actual cash flow is expected on finalisation of quotational price and quantity in the subsequent financial year.

(a) Interest expenses include Rs.21.39 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.0.18 crore) on interest paid to Income Tax Department.

(b) The rate of interest of borrowing costs capitalised is 6.3% p.a. (year ended 31/03/2017: NIL).

The Company has two reportable segments, viz., Aluminium and Copper, which have been identified taking into account the business activities it engages in. No operating segments have been aggregated to form these reportable segments. Description of each of the reporting segments is as under:

i. Aluminium Segment: This part of business manufactures and sells Hydrate and Alumina, and Aluminium and Aluminium Products.

ii. Copper Segment: This part of business manufactures and sells Copper Cathode, Continuous Cast Copper Rods, Sulphuric Acid, DAP and Complexes, Gold, Silver and other precious metals.

The chief operating decision maker (CODM) primarily uses earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) as performance measure to assess the performance of the operating segments. However, the CODM also receives information about the segment’s revenues, segment assets and segment liabilities on regular basis.

A. Segment Profit or Loss:

(i) Segment’s performances are measured based on Segment EBITDA. Segment EBITDA is defined as “Earnings from Continuing Operations before Finance Costs, Exceptional Items, Tax Expenses, Depreciation and Amortisation, Impairment of Non-Current Assets, Investment Income and Fair Value Gains or Losses on Financial Assets but after allocation of Corporate Expenses”. Segment EBITDA are as follows:

(i) The segment revenue is measured in the same way as in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Sales between operating segments are eliminated on consolidation. Segment revenue and reconciliation of the same with total revenue as follows:

(ii) Revenue of approximately Rs.4,359.88 crore for the year ended 31/03/2017 included in revenue from Copper Segment, arose from a single external customer, which is more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue. During the year, there is no revenue from a single customer which is more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue.

(iii) The amount of its revenue from external customers analysed by the country, in which customers are located, are given below:

C. Segment Assets:

Segment assets are measured in the same way as in the financial statements. These assets are allocated based on the operations of the segment and the physical location of the asset. However, certain assets like investments, loans, assets classified as held for sale, current and deferred tax assets, etc., are not considered to be segment assets as they are managed at corporate level. Further, corporate administrative assets are not allocated to individual segments as they are also managed at corporate level, and these are not linked to any specific segment.

Segment liabilities are measured in the same way as in the financial statements. These liabilities are allocated based on the operations of the segment. In measurement of Aluminium and Copper segment’s liabilities, items like borrowings, current and deferred tax liabilities, liabilities associated with assets classified as held for sale etc. are not considered to be segment liabilities as they are managed at corporate level. Further, corporate administrative liabilities are not allocated to individual segments as they also managed at corporate levels and does not linked to any specific segment.

2. Employee Share-based Payments

The Company has formulated employee share-based payment schemes with objective to attract and retain talent and align the interest of employees with the Company as well as to motivate them to contribute to its growth and profitability. The Company views employee stock options as instruments that would enable the employees to share the value they create for the Company in the years to come. At present, two employee share-based payment schemes are in operation which details are given below:

(I) Employee Stock Option Scheme 2006 (“ESOS 2006”):

The shareholders of the Company has approved on 23/01/2007 an Employee Stock Option Scheme 2006 (“ESOS 2006”), formulated by the Company, under which the Company may issue 3,475,000 stock options to its permanent employees in the management cadre, whether working in India or out of India, including Managing and the Whole-time Directors of the Company, in one or more tranches. The ESOS 2006 is administrated by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company (“the Committee”). Each stock option, when exercised, would be converted into one fully paid-up equity share of Rs.1/- each of the Company. The stock options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after completion of one year of service from the date of grant. The exercise price shall be average price of the equity shares of the Company in the immediate preceding seven-day period on the date prior to the date on which the ESOS compensation committee finalises the specific numbers of Options to be granted to the employees discounted by such percentage not exceeding 30% (thirty per cent) to be determined by ESOS Compensation Committee in the best interest of the various stake holders in the prevailing market conditions. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting and these stock options do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, forfeited/expired stock options are also available for grant. Further, on 23/09/2011 the ESOS 2006 has been partially modified and by which the Company may issue 6,475,000 stock options to its eligible employees.

Under the ESOS 2006, till 31/03/2018 the Committee has granted 4,328,159 stock options (31/03/2017: 4,328,159 stock options) to its eligible employees, out of which 1,819,941 stock options (31/03/2017: 1,819,941 stock options) have been forfeited/expired and are available for grant as per term of the Scheme. A summary of movement of the stock options and weighted-average exercise price (WAEP) is given below:

Under ESOS 2006, as at 31/03/2018 the range of exercise prices for stock options outstanding was Rs.118.35 to Rs.118.73 (as at 31/03/2017 Rs.118.35 to Rs.118.73) whereas the weighted average remaining contractual life for the stock options outstanding was 2.83 years (as at 31/03/2017: 3.50 years).

(II) Employee Stock Option Scheme 2013 (“ESOS 2013”):

On 10/09/2013, the shareholders of the Company has approved another Employee Stock Option Scheme 2013 (“ESOS 2013”), under which the Company may grant up to 5,462,000 Options (comprising of Stock Options and/or Restricted Stock Units (RSU)) to the permanent employees in the management cadre and Managing and Whole time Directors of the Company and its subsidiary companies in India and abroad, in one or more tranches. The ESOS 2013 is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company (“the Committee”). The stock options exercise price would be determined by the Committee whereas the RSUs exercise price shall be the face value of the equity shares of the Company as at the date of grant of RSUs. Each stock option and each RSU entitles the holders to apply for and be allotted one fully paid-up equity share of Rs.1/- each of the Company upon payment of exercise price during exercise period. The stock options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after completion of one year of the services from the date of grant, whereas RSU will vest upon completion of three years of services from the date of grant. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting and these stock options/RSUs do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, forfeited/expired stock options and RSUs are also available for grant.

In terms of ESOS 2013, till 31/03/2018 the Committee has granted 2,250,754 stock options and 2,252,254 RSUs (as at 31/03/2017: 2,250,754 stock options and 2,252,254 RSUs) to the eligible employees of the Company and some of its subsidiary companies. Further, 239,996 stock options and 248,954 RSUs (as at 31/03/2017: 235,611 stock options and 248,954 RSUs) have been forfeited/expired and are available for grant as per the term of the Scheme.

Under ESOS 2013, the range of exercise prices for stock options outstanding as at 31/03/2018 was Rs.73.60 to Rs.167.15 (as at 31/03/2017 Rs.73.60 to Rs.167.15), whereas exercise price in the case of RSUs was Rs.1 (as at 31/03/2017 Rs.1). The weighted average remaining contractual life for the stock options and RSUs outstanding as at 31/03/2018 was 3.96 years and 4.68 years, respectively (as at 31/03/2017: 4.29 years and 5.06 years, respectively).

No grants were made during the year (the fair value at the grant date of the Stock Option and RSU granted during the year ended 31/03/2017 was Rs.96.94 and Rs.163.40, respectively).The fair value has been carried out by an independent valuer by applying Black-Scholes Model. The inputs to the model include the exercise price, the term of option, the share price at grant date and the expected volatility, expected dividends and the risk-free rate of interest. The assumptions used for fair valuation of awards are given below:

The expected volatility was determined based on the historical share price volatility over the past period, depending on life of the options granted which is indicative of future periods, and which may not necessarily be the actual outcome.

Effect of Employee Share-based Payment Transactions on Profit or Loss for the Period and on Financial Position:

For the year ended 31/03/2018, the Company recognised total expenses of Rs.1.95 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.5.54 crore) related to equity-settled share based transactions. During the year ended 31/03/2018, the Company has allotted 1,708,812 fully paid-up equity shares of Rs.1/- each of the Company (year ended 31/03/2017 : 1,440,671) on exercise of equity-settled share-based transactions, for which the Company has realised Rs.13.57 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.6.15 crore) as exercise prices. The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of options was Rs.243.95 per share (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.165.93 per share).

3. Disclosure as required by Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) 19 on Employee Benefits

A. Defined Benefit Plans:

Defined benefit plans expose the Company to actuarial risks such as: Interest Rate Risk, Salary Risk and Demographic Risk.

i. Interest Rate Risk: The defined benefit obligation calculated uses a discount rate based on government bonds. If the bond yield falls, the defined benefit obligation will tend to increase.

ii. Salary Risk: Higher than expected increases in salary will increase the defined benefit obligation.

iii. Demographic Risk: This is the risk of variability of results due to unsystematic nature of decrements that include mortality, withdrawal, disability and retirement. The effect of these decrements on the defined benefit obligations is not straight forward and depends on the combination of salary increase, discount rate and vesting criteria. It is important not to overstate withdrawals because in the financial analysis the retirement benefit of a short career employee typically costs less per year as compared to a long service employee.

(I) Gratuity Plans

The Company has various schemes (funded/unfunded) for payment of gratuity to all eligible employees calculated at specified number of days (ranging from 15 days to 1 month) of last drawn salary depending upon the tenure of service for each year of completed service, subject to minimum service of five years payable at the time of separation upon superannuation or on exit otherwise. These defined benefit gratuity plans are governed by Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972.

(j) Sensitivity Analysis:

Sensitivity analyses are based on a change in an assumption while holding all other assumptions constant. In practice, this is unlikely to occur, and changes in some of the assumptions may be co-related. When calculating the sensitivity of the defined benefit obligation to significant actuarial assumptions the same method (present value of the defined benefit obligation calculated with the projected unit credit method at the end of the reporting period) has been applied as when calculating the defined benefit liability recognised in the Balance Sheet.

(k) Methodology for Defined Benefit Obligation:

The Projected Unit Credit (PUC) actuarial method has been used to assess the plan’s liabilities, including those related to death-in-service and incapacity benefits.

Under PUC method a projected accrued benefit is calculated at the beginning of the year and again at the end of the year for each benefit that will accrue for all active members of the plan. The projected accrued benefit is based on the plan’s accrual formula and upon service as of the beginning or end of the year, but using a member’s final compensation, projected to the age at which the employee is assumed to leave active service. The plan liability is the actuarial present value of the projected accrued benefits as of the beginning of the year for active members.

(n) Expected contributions to Post-employment Benefit Plan of Gratuity for the year ending 31st March, 2019, are Rs.58.18 crore.

II Other Defined Benefit and contribution Plans

(a) Pension

The Company contributes a certain percentage of salary for all eligible employees in the managerial cadre towards Superannuation Funds with option to put certain portion in NPS and/or in funds managed by approved trusts of by Life Insurance Corporation of India. The amount charged to the Profit and Loss during the year is Rs.23.40 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.17.84 crore). Junior

Pension Plan, provided to certain employees, is in the nature of defined benefit plan which provides an annuity in the form of pension amount at retirement. Amount of actuarial gain/(loss) recognised in Other Comprehensive Income during the year is Rs.0.41 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.0.20 crore).

(b) Post-Retirement Medical Benefit:

The Company provides post retirement medical benefit to its certain employees. The scheme involves reimbursement of expenses towards medical treatment of self and dependents. The amount charged to the Profit and Loss during the year is Rs.0.41 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.0.38 crore) and amount of actuarial gain/(loss) recognised in Other Comprehensive Income during the year is Rs.1.45 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.1.84 crore).

(c) Leave Obligation:

The leave obligation cover the Company’s liability for earned leave. The entire amount of the provision of Rs.211.57 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.186.59 crore) is presented as current, since the Company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for these obligations.

(d) Provident Fund:

The Company contributes towards Provident Fund, managed either by approved trusts or by the Central Government and debited to the Statement of Profit and Loss. In respect of provident fund management by the approved trust, the Company has an obligation to fund any shortfall on the yield of the trust’s investments over the administered interest rates on an annual basis. The amount debited to the Statement of Profit and Loss during the year was Rs.89.26 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.58.72 crore).

Based on actuarial valuation, the Company has recognised obligation of Rs.7.78 crores as at 31/03/2018 (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.6.62 crore) towards shortfall on the yield of the trust’s investments over the administered interest rates.

The Company also contributes to Coal Mines Provident Fund (CMPF) in respect of employees working in coal mines.

Assumption use in determining the present value obligation of the interest rate guarantee under the Deterministic Approach:

(II) Trusts

Contribution to Trusts:

(a) Hindalco Employee’s Gratuity Fund, Kolkata

(b) Hindalco Employee’s Gratuity Fund, Renukoot

(c) Hindalco Employee’s Provident Fund Institution, Renukoot

(d) Hindalco Superannuation Scheme, Renukoot

(e) Hindalco Industries Limited Employees’ Provident Fund II

(f) Hindalco Industries Limited Senior Management Staff Pension Fund II

(g) Hindalco Industries Limited Office Employees’ Pension Fund For details of transaction with the trust refer Note 42.

Note:-

(i) Including Excise Duty (till 30/06/2017).

(ii) Excluding Excise Duty and GST.

(iii) Includes Foreign Exchange Gain/Loss on Return of Capital.

(iv) With respect to fair valuation of Financial Guarantees.

(V) The Company is one of the promoter members of Aditya Birla Management Corporation Private Limited (ABMCPL), a Company limited by guarantee, which has been formed to provide common facilities and resources to its members, with a view to optimise the benefits of specialisation and minimise cost for each member. The Company is one of the participants in the common pool and shares the expenses incurred by ABMCPL and accounted for under appropriate heads. The share of expenses charged by ABMCPL during the year is Rs.326.66 crore(year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.263.05 crore) and net outstanding payable balance as at 31/03/2018 is Rs.71.58 crore(as at 31/03/2017 Rs.18.46 crore). The outstanding deposit with ABMCPL as at 31/03/2018 is Rs.44.71 crore(as at 31/03/2017 Rs.44.71 crore).

(b) The Board of Directors of Idea Cellular Limited (Idea), an Associate of the Company has approved the amalgamation of Vodafone India Limited (VIL) and its wholly owned subsidiary Vodafone Mobile Services Limited (VMSL) with the Idea, subject to requisite regulatory and other approvals. As a member of promoter group of Idea, the Company has undertaken to indemnify (liable jointly and severally with other promoters of Idea) to the promoters of VIL and its wholly owned subsidiary VMSL upto USD 500 million, if Idea fails to meet some of its indemnity obligation under the implementation agreement for proposed amalgamation of VIL and VMSL with Idea.

(c) The Company has given the following undertakings in connection with the loan of Utkal Aluminium International Limited (UAIL), a wholly owned subsidiary:

(i) To hold minimum 51% equity shares in UAIL.

(ii) To ensure to meet the Financial Covenants, except Fixed Asset Coverage Ratio, as provided in the loan agreements.

4. Operating Leases

The Company has entered into various leasing arrangements under operating lease:

As a Lessee:

(a) The Company has entered in operating leases for land, material handling facilities to material handling, storage, rental premise contracts under both cancellable and non-cancellable in nature. The rent for cancellable and non-cancellable operating leases included in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year is Rs.83.41 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.74.35 crore).

(b) Operating Lease as Lessor

The Company has entered into operating leases for certain of its premises. All of these leases are cancellable in nature (refer Note 26).

5. Offsetting Financial Liabilities and Financial Assets

Financial instruments subject to offsetting , enforceable master netting arrangement and similar arrangements.

(v) Valuation techniques used for valuation of instruments categorised as Level 3:

For valuation of investments in equity shares and associates which are unquoted, peer comparison has been performed wherever available. Valuation has been primarily done by considering the net worth of the Company and price to book multiple to arrive at the fair value. In cases, where income approach was feasible, valuation has been arrived using the earnings capitalisation method. For inputs that are not observable for these instruments, certain assumptions are made based on available information. The most significant of these assumptions are the discount rate and credit spreads used in the valuation process.

For valuation of investments in debt securities categorised as Level 3, market polls which represent indicative yields are used as assumptions by market participants when pricing the asset.

There were no significant inter-relationships between unobservable inputs that materially affect fair values.

6. Financial Instruments: Financial Risk Management

The Company’s activities expose it to various risk such as market risk, liquidity risk and credit risk. This section explains the risks which the Company is exposed to and how it manages the risks.

A. Market Risk

(i) Market Risk: Commodity Price Risk

Hindalco’s India operations consist of two businesses - Copper Business and Aluminium Business. The Copper Business works under a “Custom Smelting” model, wherein the focus is to improve the processing margin. The timing mis-match risk between the input and output price, which is linked to the same international pricing benchmark, is eliminated through use of derivatives. This off-set hedge model (through use of derivatives) is used to manage the timing mis-match risk for both Commodity (Copper and Precious Metals) and Currency Risk (primarily, USD/INR). The Copper Business also has a portion of View-Based exposure for both Commodity and Currency, beyond the above timing mis-match risk. Lower Copper Prices, Stronger USD/INR exchange rate and Higher “Other Input” Prices are the major price risks that adversely impact the business. Here, the Company may use derivative instruments, wherever available, to manage these pricing risks. A variety of factors, including the risk appetite of the business and price view, are considered while taking Hedging Decisions. Such View-based hedges are usually done for the next 1-8 quarters.

The Aluminium Business is a vertically integrated business model wherein the input and output pricing risks are independent of each other, i.e. - are on different pricing benchmarks, if any. Here, the Company may use derivative instruments, wherever available, to manage its pricing risks for both input and output products. Lower Aluminium Prices, Stronger USD/INR exchange rate and Higher Input Prices are the major price risks that adversely impact the Business. Hedging decisions are based on a variety of factors, including risk appetite of the business and price View. Such Hedge decisions are usually done for the next 1-12 quarters.

(ii) Market Risk: Foreign Currency Risk

The Company may also have Foreign Currency Exchange Risk on procurement of Capital Equipment for its businesses. The Company manages this forex risk, using derivatives, wherever required, to mitigate or eliminate the risk. The Company may also have Foreign Currency Exchange Risk on Foreign Currency denominated Borrowings for its businesses. The Company manages this forex risk, using derivatives, wherever required, to mitigate or eliminate the risk.

(iii) Market Risk: Other Price Risk

The Company’s exposure to equity securities price risk arises from movement in market price of related securities classified either as fair value through OCI. The Company manages the price risk through diversified portfolio.

The table below summaries gain/(loss) impact on of increase/decrease in the equity share price on the Company’s equity and profit for the year:

(iv) Market Risk: Interest Rate Risk

The Company is exposed to interest rate risk on financial liabilities such as borrowings, both short-term and long-term. It maintains a balance of fixed and floating interest rate borrowings, and the proportion is determined by current market interest rates, projected debt servicing capability and view on future interest rates. Such interest rate risk is actively evaluated and interest rate swap is taken whenever considered necessary.

The Company is also exposed to interest rate risk on its financial assets that include fixed deposits, bonds, debentures, commercial, other mutual funds and liquid investments comprising mainly mutual funds (which are part of cash and cash equivalents). Since all these are generally for short durations, the Company believes it has manageable and limited risk.

B. Liquidity Risk

The Company determines its liquidity requirements in the short, medium and long term. This is done by drawing up cash forecast for short and medium term requirements and strategic financing plans for long-term needs.

The Company manages its liquidity risk in a manner so as to meet its normal financial obligations without any significant delay or stress. Such risk is managed through ensuring operational cash flow while, at the same time, maintaining adequate cash and cash equivalent position. The Management has arranged for diversified funding sources and adopted a policy of managing assets with liquidity in mind and monitoring future cash flows and liquidity on a regular basis. Surplus funds, not immediately required, are invested in certain products (including mutual fund), which provide flexibility to liquidate at short notice, and are included in current investments and cash equivalents. Besides, it generally has certain undrawn credit facilities which can be accessed as and when required; such credit facilities are reviewed at regular intervals.

The Company has developed appropriate internal control systems and contingency plans for managing liquidity risk. This incorporates an assessment of expected cash flows and availability of alternative sources for additional funding, if required.

(i) Financing Arrangement

The Company had access to the following undrawn borrowing facilities at the end of the reporting period:

(ii) Maturity Analysis

The Company’s financial liabilities into relevant maturity groupings based on their contractual maturities for all non-derivative financial liabilities and net settled derivative financial instruments. The amounts disclosed in the table are the contractual undiscounted cash flows. Balances due within 12 months equal their carrying balances as the impact of discounting is not significant.

* Includes principal and interest payments, short-term borrowings, current portion of debt, and excludes unamortised fees.

** Excludes financial guarantee liability contract which has been fair valued.

*** Guarantee given for loans as at 31/03/2018 Rs.4,865.12 crore and 31/03/2017 Rs.5,040.78 crore has been reported to the extent of loan amount outstanding as on 31/03/2018 Rs.2,435.18 crore and 31/03/2017 Rs.4,757.61 crore.

(C) Credit Risk

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counter-party to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligation.

Credit risk is managed on a group basis. The Company invests only in those instruments issued by high rated banks/institutions. For other financial assets, the Company assesses and manages credit risk based on the credit rating. The Company has assessed its other financial assets as high quality, negligible credit risk. The Company periodically monitors the recoverability and credit risks of its other financials assets including security deposits and other receivables. The Company evaluates 12-month expected credit losses for all the financial assets for which credit risk has not increased. In case credit risk has increased significantly, the Company considers life time expected credit losses for the purpose of impairment provisioning.

Credit risk is managed on a group basis. The Company invests only in those instruments issued by high rated banks/institutions. For other financial assets, the Company assesses and manages credit risk based on the credit rating. The Company has assessed its other financial assets as high quality, negligible credit risk.

The Company has used a practical expedient by computing the expected credit loss allowance for trade receivables based on a provision matrix. The provision matrix takes into account historical credit loss experience and adjusted for forward-looking information. The expected credit loss allowance is based on the ageing of the days the receivables are due and the rates as given in the provision matrix. The provision matrix at the end of the reporting period is as follows:

7. Capital Management

The Company’s objective to manage its capital is to ensure continuity of business while at the same time provide reasonable returns to its various stakeholders but keep associated costs under control. In order to achieve this, requirement of capital is reviewed periodically with reference to operating and business plans that take into account capital expenditure and strategic investments. Apart from internal accrual, sourcing of capital is done through judicious combination of equity and borrowing, both short-term and long-term. Net debt (total borrowings less current investment, and cash and cash equivalents) to equity ratio is used to monitor capital. No changes were made to the objectives, policies or processes for managing capital during the years ended 31st March, 2018 and 31st March, 2017.

8. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company uses derivative financial instruments such as forwards, futures, swaps, options, etc., to hedge its risks associated with foreign exchange fluctuation. Risks associated with fluctuation in the price of the products (copper, aluminium, coal, furnace oil and precious metals) are minimised by undertaking appropriate derivative instruments. Derivatives embedded in other financial instruments are treated as separate derivatives when their risks and characteristics are not closely related to their host contracts. In some cases, the embedded derivatives may be designated in a hedge relationship. The fair values of all such derivative financial instruments are recognised as assets or liabilities at the Balance Sheet date.

The Company also appiles hedge accounting using certain foreign currency non-derivative monetary items, which are used as hedging instruments for hedging foreign exchange risk.

(H) The Company’s hedging policy only allows for effective hedge relationships to be established. The effective portion of hedge is taken to OCI while ineffective portion of hedge is recognised immediately to the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company uses hypothetical derivative method to assess effectiveness. Ineffectiveness may arise if the terms of the hedging instrument and the hedged item differ or differences between the credit risk inherent within the hedged item and the hedging instrument.

The amount of gain/(loss) recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on account of hedge ineffectiveness for cash flow hedges for the period ended 31st March, 2018 and 31st March, 2017 is ‘ (20.78) crore and ‘ (167.11) crore, respectively, which forms part of Gain/Loss on fair value of derivatives under Note 35 for Other Expenses.

9. Additional Information

A. As per Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2015, a Corporate Social Responsibility Committee has been formed. As per the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013, amount not less than Rs.26.70 crore (year ended 31/03/2017 Rs.20.97 crore) should have been incurred during the year under CSR. The Company has incurred expenses amounting to Rs.31.43 crore (year ended 31/03/2017: Rs.28.36 crore), in line with the CSR policy, which is in conformity with the activities specified in Schedule VII of the Companies Act, 2013.

B. Details of loans given, investments made and guarantees given covered under Section 186(4) of the Companies Act, 2013:

i. Details of investments made have been given as part of Note Rs.5’, Investments in Subsidiaries, Note Rs.6’, Investments in Associates and Note Rs.7B’, Investments in Debt and Equity Instruments.

ii. Loans and Financial Guarantees given below:

iii. Disclosure relating to the amount outstanding at year end and maximum outstanding during the year of loans and advances, in nature of loan, required under SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015, are given below:

10. During the financial year ended 31st March, 2018, the Company has reclassified/regrouped certain comparatives, in order to confirm with current year’s presentation.

The key reclassification/regrouping included the following:

(i) Provisions amounting to Rs.394.27 crore reclassified from Trade Payable to Current Provisions. Further, an amount of Rs.36.69 crore has been reclassified from current provision to non-current provisions.

(ii) Other current assets related to tax amounting to Rs.1,254.95 crore reclassified to non-current tax assets amounting to Rs.1,567.68 crore and current income tax liabilities amounting to Rs.312.83 crore.


Mar 31, 2017

Company overview

Hindalco Industries Limited (“the Company”) was incorporated in India in the year 1958 having its registered office at Century Bhavan, 3rd Floor, Dr. Annie Besant Road, Worli, Mumbai 400 030.

The Company has two main stream of business Aluminium and Copper. In Aluminium, the Company caters to the entire value chain starting from mining of bauxite and coal through production of value added products for various application. The Company also has one of the largest single location Copper smelting facility in India.

The equity shares of the Company are listed on the Indian Stock Exchanges (National Stock Exchange & Bombay Stock Exchange) and GDRs are listed on the Luxemburg Stock Exchange.

‘1’ Basis of Preparation and Significant Accounting Policies

I. Basis of Preparation

The standalone financial statements of Hindalco Industries Limited (“the Company”) comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (“Ind-AS”) as prescribed under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (“the Act”), as notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, Companies (Indian Accounting Standard) Amendment Rules 2016 and other accounting principles generally accepted in India.

These financial statements are the first financial statement of the Company prepared under Ind-AS.

The financial statements for all periods up to and including the year ended March 31, 2016, were prepared in accordance with the accounting standards notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read with Rule 7 of The Companies (Accounts) Rules 2014, the Companies Act, 2013 and in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principal in India.

The Company followed the provisions of Ind-AS 101 in preparing its Opening Ind-AS Balance Sheet (OBS) as of the date of transition i.e. 1st April 2015. Certain of the Company’s Ind-AS accounting policies used in the opening Balance Sheet differed from its Indian GAAP policies applied as at 31st March, 2015 and accordingly the adjustments were made to restate the opening balances as per Ind-AS. The resulting adjustment arose from events and transactions before the date of transition to Ind-AS were recognized directly through retained earnings as at 1st April, 2015 as required by Ind-AS 101.

The financial statements for the year ended 31st March 2017 have been approved by the Board of Directors of the Company in their meeting held on 30th May, 2017.

The financial statements have been prepared on historical cost convention on accrual basis except for following assets and liabilities which have been measured at fair value or revalued amount:

- Financial instruments - Measured at fair value;

- Assets held for sale - Measured at fair value less cost of sale;

- Plan assets under defined benefit plans - Measured at fair value; and

- Employee share-based payments - Measured at fair value

In addition, the carrying values of recognised assets and liabilities designated as hedged items in fair value hedges that would otherwise be carried at amortised cost are adjusted to record changes in the fair values attributable to the risks that are being hedged in effective hedge relationship.

Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company take into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Fair value for measurement and/or disclosure purposes in these financial statements is determined on such a basis, except for employee share-based payment, leasing transactions, and measurements that have some similarities to fair value but are not fair value, such as net realisable value in Inventories or value in use in Impairment of Assets. The basis of fair valuation of these items are given as part of their respective accounting policies.

In addition, for financial reporting purposes, fair value measurements are categorised into Level 1, 2 or 3 based on the degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety, which are described as follows:

- Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company can access at the measurement date;

- Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included within Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

- Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

The Financial Statements have been presented in Indian Rupees (INR), which is the Company’s functional currency. All financial information presented in INR has been rounded off to the nearest two decimals of Crore unless otherwise stated.

Use of Estimates and Management Judgement

In preparing the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in India, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and the amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Any revision to such estimates is recognised in the period in which the same is determined.

II. Measurement of fair value

A. Financial instruments

The estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments is based on market prices and valuation techniques. Valuations are made with the objective to include relevant factors that market participants would consider in setting a price, and to apply accepted economic and financial methodologies for the pricing of financial instruments. References for less active markets are carefully reviewed to establish relevant and comparable data.

B. Marketable and non-marketable equity securities

Fair value for listed shares is based on quoted market prices as of the reporting date. Fair value for unlisted shares is calculated based on commonly accepted valuation techniques utilizing significant unobservable data, primarily cash flow based models. If fair value cannot be measured reliably unlisted shares are recognized at cost.

C. Derivatives

Fair value of financial derivatives is estimated as the present value of future cash flows, calculated by reference to quoted price curves and exchange rates as of the balance sheet date. Options are valued using appropriate option pricing models and credit spreads are applied where deemed to be significant.

D. Embedded derivatives

Embedded derivatives that are separated from the host contract are valued by comparing the forward curve at contract inception to the forward curve as of the balance sheet date. Changes in the present value of the cash flows related to the embedded derivative are recognized in the Balance Sheet and in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

III. Critical accounting judgment and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The application of accounting policies requires management to make estimates and judgments in determining certain revenues, expenses, assets, and liabilities. The following paragraphs explains areas that are considered more critical, involving a higher degree of judgment and complexity.

A. Impairment of Non-current Assets

Ind AS 36 requires that the Company assesses conditions that could cause an asset or a Cash Generating Unit (CGU) to become impaired and to test recoverability of potentially impaired assets. These conditions include internal and external factors such as the Company’s market capitalization, significant changes in the Company’s planned use of the assets or a significant adverse change in the expected prices, sales volumes or raw material cost. The identification of CGUs involves judgment, including assessment of where active markets exist, and the level of interdependency of cash inflows. CGU is usually the individual plant, unless the asset or asset Company is an integral part of a value chain where no independent prices for the intermediate products exist, a Company of plants is combined and managed to serve a common market, or where circumstances otherwise indicate significant interdependencies.

In accordance with Ind-AS 36, goodwill and certain intangible assets are reviewed at least annually for impairment. If a loss in value is indicated, the recoverable amount is estimated as the higher of the CGU’s fair value less cost to sell, or its value in use. Directly observable market prices rarely exist for the Company’s assets, however, fair value may be estimated based on recent transactions on comparable assets, internal models used by the Company for transactions involving the same type of assets or other relevant information. Calculation of value in use is a discounted cash flow calculation based on continued use of the assets in its present condition, excluding potential exploitation of improvement or expansion potential.

Determination of the recoverable amount involves management estimates on highly uncertain matters, such as commodity prices and their impact on markets and prices for upgraded products, development in demand, inflation, operating expenses and tax and legal systems. The Company uses internal business plans, quoted market prices and the Company’s best estimate of commodity prices, currency rates, discount rates and other relevant information. A detailed forecast is developed for a period of three to five years with projections thereafter. The Company does not include a general growth factor to volumes or cash flows for the purpose of impairment tests, however, cash flows are generally increased by expected inflation and market recovery towards previously observed volumes is considered.

B. Employee retirement plans

The Company provides both defined benefit employee retirement plans and defined contribution plans. Measurement of pension and other superannuation costs and obligations under such plans require numerous assumptions and estimates that can have a significant impact on the recognized costs and obligation, such as future salary level, discount rate, attrition rate and mortality.

C. Environmental liabilities and Asset Retirement Obligation (ARO)

Estimation of environmental liabilities and ARO require interpretation of scientific and legal data, in addition to assumptions about probability and future costs.

D. Taxes

The Company calculates income tax expense based on reported income.. Deferred income tax expense is calculated based on the differences between the carrying value of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and their respective tax basis that are considered temporary in nature. Valuation of deferred tax assets is dependent on management’s assessment of future recoverability of the deferred benefit. Expected recoverability may result from expected taxable income in the future, planned transactions or planned tax optimizing measures. Economic conditions may change and lead to a different conclusion regarding recoverability.

E. Classification of leases

The Company enters into leasing arrangements for various assets. The classification of the leasing arrangement as a finance lease or operating lease is based on an assessment of several factors, including, but not limited to, transfer of ownership of leased asset at end of lease term, lessee’s option to purchase and estimated certainty of exercise of such option, proportion of lease term to the asset’s economic life, proportion of present value of minimum lease payments to fair value of leased asset and extent of specialized nature of the leased asset.

F. Useful lives of depreciable/ amortisable assets (tangible and intangible)

Management reviews its estimate of the useful lives of depreciable/ amortisable assets at each reporting date, based on the expected utility of the assets. Uncertainties in these estimates relate to technical and economic obsolescence that may change the utility of certain software, customer relationships, IT equipment and other plant and equipment.

G. Recoverability of advances/ receivables

At each balance sheet date, based on discussions with the respective counter-parties and internal assessment of their credit worthiness, the management assesses the recoverability of outstanding receivables and advances. Such assessment requires significant management judgement based on financial position of the counter-parties, market information and other relevant factor.

H. Fair value measurements

The Company applies valuation techniques to determine the fair value of financial instruments (where active market quotes are not available) and non-financial assets. This involves developing estimates and assumptions consistent with the market participants to price the instrument. The Company’s assumptions are based on observable data as far as possible, otherwise on the best information available. Estimated fair values may vary from the actual prices that would be achieved in an arm’s length transaction at the reporting date.

I. Contingent assets and liabilities, uncertain assets and liabilities

Liabilities that are uncertain in timing or amount are recognized when a liability arises from a past event and an outflow of cash or other resources is probable and can be reasonably estimated. Contingent liabilities are possible obligations where a future event will determine whether Company will be required to make a payment to settle the liability, or where the size of the payment cannot be determined reliably. Material contingent liabilities are disclosed unless a future payment is considered remote. Evaluation of uncertain liabilities and contingent liabilities and assets requires judgment and assumptions regarding the probability of realization and the timing and amount, or range of amounts, that may ultimately be incurred. Such estimates may vary from the ultimate outcome as a result of differing interpretations of laws and facts.

J. Recent Accounting Pronouncements:

Amendments to Standards issued but not yet effective

In March 2017, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs issued the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) (Amendments) Rules, 2017, notifying amendments to Ind AS 7, ‘Statement of cash flows’ and Ind AS 102, ‘Share-based payment.’ These amendments are in accordance with the recent amendments made by International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to IAS 7, ‘Statement of cash flows’ and IFRS 2, ‘Share-based payment,’ respectively. The amendments are applicable to the Company from April 1, 2017. Amendment to Ind AS 7, Statement of Cash Flows:

The amendment to Ind AS 7 requires the entities to provide disclosures that enable users of financial statements to evaluate changes in liabilities arising from financing activities, including both changes arising from cash flows and non-cash changes, suggesting inclusion of a reconciliation between the opening and closing balances in the balance sheet for liabilities arising from financing activities, to meet the disclosure requirement.

The Company is evaluating the requirements of the amendment and the effect on the financial statements is being evaluated.

Amendment to Ind AS 102, Share-Based Payment:

The amendment to Ind AS 102 provides specific guidance to measurement of cash-settled awards, modification of cash-settled awards and awards that include a net settlement feature in respect of Withholding taxes.

It clarifies that the fair value of cash-settled awards is determined on a basis consistent with that used for equity-settled awards. Market-based performance conditions and non-vesting conditions are reflected in the ‘fair values’, but non-market performance conditions and service vesting conditions are reflected in the estimate of the number of awards expected to vest. Also, the amendment clarifies that if the terms and conditions of a cash-settled share-based payment transaction are modified with the result that it becomes an equity-settled share-based payment transaction, the transaction is accounted for as such from the date of the modification. Further, the amendment requires the award that includes a net settlement feature in respect of withholding taxes to be treated as equity-settled in its entirety. The cash payment to the tax authority is treated as if it was part of an equity settlement.

The Company is evaluating the requirements of the amendment and the impact on the financial statements is being evaluated.

2. This abridged Financial Statements have been compiled from Audited Standalone Financial Statements of the Company and containing the salient features of the Balance Sheet,Statement of Profit and Loss and Statement of Change in Equity OCE as per the first proviso to sub-section 1 of section 136 of the Companies Act,2013 and Rule 10 of Companies (Accounts) Rules,2014. Complete set of Balance Sheet , Statement of Profit and Loss , Cash Flow Statement , Statement of Change in Equity and notes thereto prepared as per the requirements of Division II of Schedule III of the Companies Act,2013 are available at the Company’s website at link www.hindalco.com.

Aggregate book value of Quoted and Unquoted Investments, market value of Quoted Investments and aggregate provision for dinumination in value of Investments are given below:

3. Note No. 16(d) of Audited Standalone Financial Statements

On 9th March 2017, the Company has issued and allotted 17,68,27,659 Equity Shares of Rs.1/- each at an issue price of Rs.189.45 per share to raise Rs.3,350 Crore by way of Qualified Institutional Placement (“QIP”) under Chapter VIII of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Issue of Capital and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2009 and Section 42 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 14 of the Companies (Prospectus and Allotment of Securities Rules, 2014). Expenses related to the issue amounting to Rs.42.67 Crore have been adjusted against Securities Premium.

Use of the net proceeds of the Qualified Institutional Placement is intended for business purposes such as meeting working capital requirements, repayment or prepayment of debt, exploring acquisition opportunities and general corporate purposes. Pending utilisation, the proceeds (net of issue expenses) have been invested in short term liquid investments and included in Cash and Cash Equivalents as at 31/03/2017. However, the entire amount has since been utilised for prepayment of long term debt.

4. Note No. 16(i) of Audited Standalone Financial Statements

The Board of Directors of the Company has recommended dividend of Rs.1.10 per share for the year ended 31st March 2017.

Information related to Micro and Small Enterprises, as per the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 (MSME Development Act), are given below. The information given below have been determined to the extent such enterprises have been identified on the basis of information available with the Company:

Mahan Coal Limited and Tubed Coal Mines Limited, joint operations of the Company, have been classified as discontinued operations since going concern of these joint operations vitiated following de-allocation of coal blocks earlier allotted to them. Assets and liabilities of these joint operations have been classified as held for sale.

The Company has two reportable segments viz. Aluminium and Copper which have been identified taking into account the business activities it engages in. No operating segments have been aggregated to form these reportable segments. Description of each of the reporting segments is as under:

i. Aluminium Segment: This part of business manufactures and sells Hydrate and Alumina, Aluminium and Aluminium Products.

ii. Copper Segment: This part of business manufactures and sells Copper Cathode, Continuous Cast Copper Rods, Sulphuric Acid, DAP & Complexes, Gold, Silver and other precious metals.

The chief operating decision maker (CODM) primarily uses earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) as performance measure to assess the performance of the operating segments. However, the CODM also receives information about the segment’s revenues, segment assets and segment liabilities on regular basis.

A. Segment Profit or Loss:

(i) Segment’s performance are measured based on Segment EBITDA. Segment EBITDA is defined as “Earnings from Continuing Operations before Finance Costs, Exceptional Items, Tax Expenses, Depreciation and Amortization, Impairment of non-current Assets, Investment income and Fair value gains or losses on financial assets but after allocation of Corporate Expenses”. Segment EBITDA are as follows:

B. Segment Revenue:

(i) The segment revenue is measured in the same way as in the Statement of Profit and Loss. However, sales between operating segments are on arm’s length basis in a manner similar to transactions with third parties and are eliminated on consolidation. Segment Revenue and reconciliation of the same with total revenue as follows:

(ii) Revenue of approximately Rs.4,359.88 crore (31/03/2016: Rs.1,195.36 crore) included in revenue from Copper Segment are arose from a single external customer which is more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue during the reported period.

(iii) The Company’s operations is located outside India. The amount of its revenue from external customers analysed by the country in which customers are located, are given below:

C. Segment Assets:

Segment assets are measured in the same way as in the financial statements. These assets are allocated based on the operations of the segment and the physical location of the asset. However, certain assets like investments, loans, assets classified as held for sale, current and deferred tax assets etc. are not considered to be segment assets as they are managed at corporate level. Further, corporate administrative assets are not allocated to individual segments as they are also managed at corporate level and these are not linked to any specific segment.

(i) Segment assets and reconciliation of the same with total assets are as under:

(ii) The total of non-current assets excluding financial assets and deferred tax assets analysed by the country in which assets are located are given below:

D. Segment Liabilities:

Segment liabilities are measured in the same way as in the financial statements. These liabilities are allocated based on the operations of the segment. In measurement of Aluminium and Copper segment’s liabilities, items like borrowings, current and deferred tax liabilities, liabilities associated with assets classified as held for sale etc. are not considered to be segment liabilities as they are managed at corporate level. Further, corporate administrative liabilities are not allocated to individual segments as they also managed at corporate levels and does not linked to any specific segment.

5. Note No. 43 of Audited Standalone Financial Statements

The Company had formulated a scheme of financial restructuring under sections 391 to 394 of the Companies Act 1956 (“the Scheme”) between the Company and its equity shareholders approved by the High Court of judicature of Bombay to deal with various costs associated with its organic and inorganic growth plan. Pursuant to this, a separate reserve account titled as Business Reconstruction Reserve (“BRR”) was created during the year 2008-09 by transferring balance standing to the credit of Securities Premium Account of the Company for adjustment of certain expenses as prescribed in the Scheme. Accordingly, the Company had transferred Rs.8,647.37 crore from Securities Premium Account to BRR. Till 31st March, 2015, sum of Rs.250.33 crore have been adjusted with BRR. During the year NIL (previous year Rs.682.27 crore (net of tax)) have been adjusted with BRR.

Had the scheme not prescribed the aforesaid treatment, the reported profit for the previous year would have been lower by Rs.682.27 crore.

For the purpose of calculating earning per share, amounts transferred to Business Reconstruction Reserve have been appropriately considered in earnings attributable to equity shareholders.

6. Note No. 46 of Audited Standalone Financial Statements Related Party Transactions

The following transactions were carried out with the Related Parties in the ordinary course of business:

(I) Subsidiaries, Associates and Joint Ventures

(i) Including excise duty.

(ii) Excluding excise duty.

(iii) At fair value (through other comprehensive income).

(iv) Classified as assets held for sale.

(v) Net of provision for diminution in carrying value of investment.

(vi) With respect to fair valuation of Financial Guarantees.

(vii) Includes foreign exchange gain/loss on return of Capital.

(viii) Financial Guarantees have been returned during April 2017.

(iii) Corporate Guarantee of USD 215 Million issued in favour of M/s Volkswagen AG on behalf of M/s Novelis Inc. to ensure Novelis will supply as per its future commitments to Volkswagen AG and its subsidiaries.

(iv) The Company has received a notice dated 24th March, 2007 from Collector (Stamp), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, alleging that stamp duty of Rs.252.96 crore is payable in view of order dated 18 November, 2002, of the Hon’ble High Court of Allahabad approving the scheme of arrangement for merger of Copper business of Indo Gulf Corporation Limited with the Company. The Company is of the opinion that it has a very strong case as there is no substantive/computation provision for levy/calculation of stamp duty on court order approving the scheme of arrangement under the Companies Act, 1956, within the provisions of Uttar Pradesh Stamp Act, moreover, the properties in question are located in the State of Gujarat and, thus, the Collector (Stamp), Kanpur, has no territorial jurisdiction to make such a demand. It is pertinent to note that the Company in 2003-04 has already paid the stamp duty which has been accepted as per the provisions of the Bombay Stamp Act, 1958, with regard to transfer of shareholding of Indo Gulf Corporation Limited as per the Scheme of Arrangement. Furthermore, the demand made is on an incorrect assumption. The Company’s contention, amongst the various other grounds made, is that the demand is illegal, against the principles of natural justice, incorrect, bad in law and malafide. The Company has filed a writ petition before the Hon’ble High Court of Allahabad, inter alia, on the above said grounds, which is pending determination.

(v) The Company has an agreement with Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (UPPCL), under which banking of surplus energy with UPPCL is permitted and such banked energy may be drawn as and when required at free of cost. However, UPPCL has raised demand of Rs.55.32 crore with retrospective effect from 1 April 2009 on the alleged ground that drawal of energy against the banked energy is not permissible during peak hours. The UPPCL has also included Rs.32.15 crore in the bill as late payment surcharge up to 31 March 2016. Thus, the total amount outstanding till 31 March 2016 is Rs.87.47 crore. However, if the case is decided against the Company, 107.4 million units valuing Rs.22.97 crore will be treated as energy banked with UPPCL and, accordingly the net liability will be Rs.64.50 crore. The Company has challenged the demand by filing a petition on 27 December 2013 under section 86(i)(f) read with other relevant provisions of Electricity Act, 2003 seeking quashing/setting aside the demand. The matter has been heard on 12 February 2014 and the Hon’ble Uttar Pradesh Electricity Regulatory Commission (UPERC), vide its order dated 24 February 2014, has directed the UPPCL to restrain from taking any coercive action till final order of UPERC. The Company believes that it has a strong case and no provision towards this is required.

(vi) The Company received a demand notice from Deputy Director of Mines (DDM), Sambalpur, vide letter No. 474/Mines, dated 19.03.2015 under section 21(5) of the Mine and Mineral (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 (“MMDR Act, 1957”), to deposit an amount of Rs.310.40 crore towards cost price of Coal for the period from 2004-05 to 2010-11 towards alleged excess production of coal over and above the quantity approved under Mining Plan, Environment Clearance and Consent to Operate in respect of Talabira-I Coal Mine during the said period. The Company challenged the said order before the Hon’ble Revisional Authority, Ministry of Coal, Government of India, New Delhi on the ground that the DDM has no jurisdiction or authority to call upon the Company to pay the cost of coal for alleged violation, if any and the said demand is arbitrary and without lawful authority. Further, the Company has not carried out mining operation outside mining lease area and hence provisions of Section 21(5) of the MMDR Act, 1957 is not applicable. Hence, the said demand is contrary to the provisions of the MMDR Act, 1957 and Mineral Concession Rules, 1960. Interim stay has been granted by the Hon’ble Divisional Authority, Ministry of Coal and matter is pending hearing. In view of the above Management is of the view that no provision is required.

(vii) The Company has furnished bank guarantees to Nominated Authority of Ministry of Coal towards fulfilment of certain conditions of the agreements signed by it in respect of the four coal blocks awarded to it through auction. Two of the above awarded coal blocks have already achieved the peak rated capacity and hence fulfilled the required conditions for return of the respective bank guarantees for which the Company has already represented and submitted applications to the designated authorities. For balance two coal blocks some of the conditions could not be fulfilled despite best efforts for reasons beyond its control as certain approvals/clearances that are under the purview of the concerned State Government have been delayed. The Company has made representation with the Nominated Authority in this regard and is confident that its request will be considered favourably. Accordingly, no provision has been made for this.

B. Commitments

(a) Estimated amount of contracts remaining to be executed on capital account and not provided for (net of advances)

(b) The Company, along with Aditya Birla Nuvo Limited, Grasim Industries Limited and Birla TMT Holdings Pvt. Limited (the Sponsors), being promoters of Idea Cellular Limited (Idea), has given the following undertakings to the Facility Agent:

(i) The Sponsors shall collectively continue to hold at least 33% of the equity capital of Idea till the end of FY 2015-16 and shall not, without prior written approval of the Facility Agent, divest, transfer, assign, dispose of, pledge, charge, create any lien or in any way encumber 33% of shareholdings in Idea. Consequent upon the infusion of fresh equity capital of Idea, if the Sponsors’ stake gets diluted from 40% to 33% in the equity capital of Idea, the Sponsors agree and undertake to obtain the prior consent of the Rupee Facility Agent and, in other circumstances, the Sponsors agree and undertake to obtain the prior consent of the secured lenders representing 51% of the aggregate outstanding secured loans.

(ii) The Sponsors shall collectively continue to hold 26% of the equity capital of Idea after FY 201516 and shall not, without the prior written approval of the Rupee Facility Agent, divest, transfer, assign, dispose of, pledge, charge, create any lien or in any way encumber 26% shareholdings in the capital of Idea.

(iii) Not divest, without prior approval of the Facility Agent in writing, the shareholdings in the equity capital of Idea that may result in a single investor along with its affiliates holding more than 25% of the equity capital of Idea.

(iv) “The Board of Directors of Idea Cellular Limited (Idea), an Associate of the Company have approved the amalgamation of Vodafone India Limited (VIL) and it’s wholly owned subsidiary Vodafone Mobile Services Limited (VMSL) with the Idea subject to requisite regulatory and other approvals. As a promoter of Idea, the Company has undertaken to indemnify (liable jointly and severally with other promoters of Idea) to the promoters of VIL and its wholly owned subsidiary VMSL up to US$ 500 Million, if Idea fails to meet some of its indemnity obligation under the implementation agreement for proposed amalgamation of VIL and VMSL with Idea.”

(c) The Company has given the following undertakings in connection with the loan of Utkal Aluminium

International Limited (UAIL), a wholly owned subsidiary:

(i) To hold minimum 51% equity shares in UAIL.

(ii) To ensure to meet the Financial Covenants, except Fixed Asset Coverage Ratio, as provided in the loan agreements.

7. Note No. 49 of Audited Standalone Financial Statements

The Company has entered in to leasing arrangements under operating lease:

(a) For material handling lease expenses that are renewable on a periodic basis and some of which are cancellable in nature. Minimum rent for cancellable and non-cancellable operating leases included in the statement of profit and loss for the year is Rs.59.92 Crore (March 31, 2016 Rs.52.59 Crore).

(b) Land for original lease period ranging up to 99 years. Amortisation of leasehold land included in the statement of profit and loss for the year is Rs.14.32 Crore (March 31, 2016: Rs.11.83 Crore).

8. Note No. 55 of Audited Standalone Financial Statements

A. As per Section 135 of Companies Act 2015, a Corporate Social Responsibility Committee has been formed. As per the provisions of Companies Act 2013, amount not less than Rs.20.97 crore (previous year Rs.31.00 crore) should have been incurred during the year under CSR. The Company has incurred expenses amounting to Rs.28.36 Crore ( Previous Year Rs.34.15 Crore), in alignment of the CSR policy which is in conformity with the activities specified in Schedule VII of the Companies Act 2013.

B. Details of loans given, investment made and guarantee given covered under section 186(4) of the Companies Act. 2013:

i. Details of investments made have been given as part of Note ‘6’ Investment in Subsidiary and Note ‘7’ Investments Accounted For Using Equity Method.

ii. Loans and Financial Guarantees given below:

iii. Disclosure relating to amount outstanding at year end and maximum outstanding during the year of loans and advances, in nature of loan, required under SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015.

9. Note No. 56 of Audited Standalone Financial Statements

These financial statements, for the year ended 31 March 2017, are the first financial statements the Company has prepared in accordance with Ind AS. For periods up to and including the year ended 31 March 2016, the Company had prepared its financial statements in accordance with Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act 2013 (hereinafter referred to as ‘Previous GAAP’).

Accordingly, the Company has prepared financial statements which comply with Ind AS applicable for the year ended 31 March, 2017 and other accounting principles generally accepted in India, together with the comparative period data as at and for the year ended 31 March 2016, as described in the summary of significant accounting policies. In preparing these financial statements, the Company’s opening balance sheet was prepared as at 1 April, 2015, the Company’s date of transition to Ind AS.

This note explains the principal adjustments made by the Company in restating its financial statements prepared in accordance with previous GAAP, and how the transition from previous GAAP to Ind AS has affected the Company’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows.

A. Optional exemptions availed and Mandatory Exceptions

(i) Optional Exemptions

(a) Share-based payment transactions

As per Ind AS 101, at the date of transition, an entity may elect to:

i. Apply Ind AS 102 Share-based Payment to equity instruments that vested before date of transition to Ind-ASs.

ii. Not apply Ind AS 102 to equity instruments that vested before date of transition to Ind-ASs.

As permitted by Ind AS 101, the Company has elected the option (i) above to apply requirements of Ind AS 102 to equity instruments that vested before date of transition i.e. 1st April 2015.

(b) Leases

As per Ind AS 101, and entity may apply paragraphs 6-9 of Appendix C of Ind AS 17 determining whether an arrangement contains a Lease on the basis of facts and circumstances existing at the date of transition to Ind AS, except where the effect is expected to be not material.

As permitted by Ind AS 101, the Company has elected to avail the exemption as provided in paragraph D9. If an arrangement is determined to be classified as lease, the classification of lease as operating or finance has been made from inception of the arrangement.

(c) Investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates

As per paragraph D14 of Ind AS 101, when an entity prepares separate financial statements, Ind AS 27 requires it to account for its investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates either at cost or in accordance with Ind AS 109.

As per paragraph D15 of Ind AS 101, If a first-time adopter measures such an investment at amortised cost in accordance with Ind AS 27, it shall measure that investment at one of the following amounts in its separate opening Ind AS Balance Sheet:

a. cost determined in accordance with Ind AS 27; or

b. deemed cost. The deemed cost of such an investment shall be its

i. fair value at the entity’s date of transition to Ind ASs in its separate financial statements; or

ii. previous GAAP carrying amount at that date

As permitted by Ind AS 101, Company has elected to measure its investments in subsidiaries and joint ventures in accordance with Ind AS 27 at deemed cost based on previous GAAP carrying amount. However, Company has elected to account for its investments in associates in accordance with Ind AS 109 and designated such investments in associates as Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI).

(d) Designation of previously recognized financial instruments

At the date of transition to Ind AS i.e., 1 April 2015, As per paragraph D19, D19A and D19B, a financial liability can be designated as at fair value through profit and loss provided it meets the criteria in paragraph 4.2.2 of Ind AS 109 and financial asset can be designated at fair value through profit and loss if requirements of paragraph 4.1.5 of Ind AS 109 are met and an equity investments can be designated as at fair value through other comprehensive income if requirements of paragraph 5.7.5 of Ind AS 109 are met.

As permitted by Ind AS 101, Company has elected to avail the option. This has resulted in assessment of classification for all categories based on facts and circumstances that exist on the date of transition. Resulting classifications have been applied retrospectively.

(e) Fair value measurement of financial assets or financial liabilities at initial recognition

As per paragraph D20 of Ind AS 101, Despite the requirements of paragraphs 7 and 9 of Ind AS 101, an entity may apply the requirements in paragraph B5.1.2A (b) of Ind AS 109 prospectively to transactions entered into on or after the date of transition to Ind ASs.

Paragraph B5.1.2A (b) of Ind AS 109 requires entity to recognize day one gain or loss on initial recognition of the financial instrument if the fair value at initial recognition is different from transaction price and is based on a valuation technique that only uses observable market data or current market transactions.

As permitted by Ind AS 101, Company has elected to avail the option and has applied the requirements prospectively to transactions entered into on or after transition date of 1st April 2015.

(f) Decommissioning liabilities included in the cost of Property, Plant and Equipment

As per paragraph D21 of Ind AS 101, A first-time adopter need not comply with the requirements Appendix ‘A’ of Ind AS 16 Changes in Existing Decommissioning, Restoration and Similar Liabilities, for changes in such liabilities that occurred before the date of transition to Ind ASs. If a first-time adopter uses this exemption, it shall:

i. measure the liability as at the date of transition to Ind ASs in accordance with Ind AS 37;

ii. to the extent that the liability is within the scope of Appendix A of Ind AS 16, estimate the amount that would have been included in the cost of the related asset when the liability first arose, by discounting the liability to that date using its best estimate of the historical risk adjusted discount rate(s) that would have applied for that liability over the intervening period; and

iii. calculate the accumulated depreciation on that amount, as at the date of transition to Ind ASs, on the basis of the current estimate of the useful life of the asset, using the depreciation policy adopted by the entity in accordance with Ind ASs.

As permitted by Ind AS101, Company has elected to avail the exemption and accounted for the decommission liabilities as per paragraph (i), ii, and iii above on the date of transition.

(g) Designation of previously recognised financial instruments

As permitted by Ind AS 101, when changing from proportionate consolidation method to equity method, an entity may measure its investment in a joint venture at date of transition as the aggregate of the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities that the entity had previously proportionately consolidated, including any goodwill arising from acquisition. The resultant amount is regarded as the deemed cost of the investment in the joint venture at initial recognition. The Company has availed the option.

(ii) Mandatory Exceptions

(a) Estimates

As per paragraph 14 of Ind AS 101, An entity’s estimates in accordance with Ind ASs at the date of transition to Ind ASs shall be consistent with estimates made for the same date in accordance with previous GAAP (after adjustments to reflect any difference in accounting policies), unless there is objective evidence that those estimates were in error.

The estimates at 1 April 2015 and at 31 March 2016 are consistent with those made for the same dates in accordance with Previous GAAP (after adjustments to reflect any differences in accounting policies) apart from the following items where application of Indian - GAAP did not require estimation:

- Fair valuation of financial instruments carried at FVTPL and/or FVTOCI

- Impairment of financial assets based on expected credit loss model

- Determination of the discounted value for financial instruments carried at amortised cost

- Discounted value of liability for decommissioning costs.

The estimates used by the Company to present these amounts in accordance with Ind AS reflect conditions at 1 April 2015, the date of transition to Ind AS and as of 31 March 2016.

(b) Classification and measurement of financial assets

Ind AS 101 requires an entity to assess classification of financial assets on the basis of facts and circumstances existing As at the date of transition. Further, the standard permits measurement of financial assets accounted at amortised cost based on the facts and circumstances existing at the date of transition if retrospective application is impracticable. The Company has accordingly determined the classification of financial assets based on the facts and circumstances that exist on the date of transition. Measurement of financial assets accounted at amortised cost has been done retrospectively.

(v) Notes to first time adoption of Ind AS:

1. The Company’s share held by Trident Trust has been classified as treasury shares. Trident Trust is a trust created wholly for the benefit of the Company and is being managed by trustees appointed by it.

2. Under Ind AS, the Company has recognized the financial instruments under three categories e.g. Fair Value through Profit and Loss (FVTPL), Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI) and at amortized cost. On the date of transition, the fair value impact on FVTPL and FVTOCI instruments has been taken in “Retained Earning” and “OCI” respectively. As at 31 March,2016 the fair value impact on FVTPL instruments has been taken in statement of profit and loss whereas fair value on FVTOCI instruments has been routed through OCI. As at 01 April,2015 the Company has exercised one time option and classified the investments in equity instruments as FVTOCI. The gain/(loss) on any future extinguishment of such equity investments will not be reflected in statement of profit and loss.

3. Under Ind AS, the Company has recognised fair value of financial guarantee provided to its subsidiary companies. The fair value of such guarantee as at April 01, 2015 has been recognised as additional capital investment in its subsidiaries Company and is amortised over tenure of the loan. Subsequently in the year ended March 31, 2016, increase in the fair value of financial guarantee on account of refinancing of borrowings was recognised as additional investment in its subsidiary. The impact of amortisation of such fair value of guarantee has been recognised in the statement of profit and loss as interest income for the year ended March 31, 2016.

4. Under the Previous GAAP, the Company had recognised the cost of equity-settled employee share-based payment using the intrinsic value method. Under Ind AS, the cost of equity settled share-based plan is recognised based on the fair value of the options as at the grant date. Adjustment has been done to take additional charge arising due to change from intrinsic value to fair value of ESOSs outstanding.

5. Property Plant and Equipments

(a) As per Ind AS 16, Property Plant and Equipment, Company has decapitalised certain costs which were capitalised as a part of cost of fixed assets under previous GAAP. Such costs along with accumulated depreciation on such costs have been decapitalised on the date of transition. During the year ended 31 March 2016 depreciation expense was derecognised under Ind AS for such items of Property Plant and Equipments which was charged to statement of profit and loss under previous GAAP.

(b) Under Ind AS, the Company has recognised the asset retirement obligations on the basis of present value of expected outflow at the end of useful life of the asset with debit to Property Plant and Equipment. During the year ended 31 March 2016 depreciation expense was recognised under Ind AS for such items of Property Plant and Equipments and finance cost was recognised for unwinding of discount on provision for asset retirement obligation.

(c) As per Ind AS 16, Property Plant and Equipment, Company has capitalised certain costs which were not required to be capitalised as a part of cost of Property, Plant and Equipment/capital work in progress under previous GAAP. During the year ended 31 March 2016 depreciation expense on such costs were recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

(d) As per Ind AS 16, Property Plant and Equipment, Company has decapitalised certain items of Property Plant and Equipments over which Company did not have exclusive right to use. During the year ended 31 March 2016 depreciation expense was reversed in the statement of profit and loss.

6. Under Previous GAAP, the Company had recognised transaction costs incurred in respect of borrowings in the statement of profit and loss or capitalised as part of cost of Property, Plant and Equipment/Capital work progress in the year in which costs were incurred. Under Ind AS 109, such transaction costs are adjusted against carrying value of borrowing and are amortised using effective interest rate method over the tenure of the loan. Accordingly loan were debited and corresponding credit was given to retained earnings or property plant and equipment on date of transition. Under Ind AS, finance cost has been charged to statement of profit and loss for amortisation of such transaction cost during the year ended 31 March 2016. A portion of such transaction cost that would be eligible for capitalisation as borrowing cost has been capitalised using effective interest rate method.

7. The Company has classified certain arrangements as finance lease under Ind AS which was treated as operating lease under Previous GAAP. This classification resulted in recognition of Property Plant and Equipment on lease with corresponding credit to finance lease obligation. During the year ended March 31, 2016 there is increase in depreciation and finance cost whereas there is decrease in rental expense.

8. Other Significant Adjustments:

(a) Under Previous GAAP, provision was created for proposed dividend considering it as an adjusting event. Under Ind AS, provision for proposed dividend was reversed as under Ind AS this does not qualify as an adjusting event. Dividends were adjusted with retained earnings when paid.

(b) Company purchased machinery spares under terms of contract where inventory of spares was delivered by supplier against payment in periodic equalised instalments. Though title of such inventory was not passed on to the Company, the Company exercise effective control on the inventory of spares. Under Ind AS, as effective control over inventory remains with Company, same has been recognised as purchased inventory. After discounting, gross amount outstanding has been recognised as liability on OBS date. During the year ended 31 March 2016, periodic instalment payments charged to profit and loss under Previous GAAP has been reversed. Under Ind AS, actual consumption of spares had been charged to Statement of Profit and Loss and Interest expenses recognised for unwinding of discount.

9. Under Ind AS, all items of income and expense recognised in a period should be included in profit or loss for the period, unless a standard requires or permits otherwise. Items of income and expense that are not recognised in the profit or loss but are shown in the statement of profit and loss as “Other Comprehensive Income”. Net Profit along with Other Comprehensive Income constitute Total Comprehensive Income. The concept of Other Comprehensive Income did not exist under the Indian GAAP.

10. Note No. 57 of Audited Standalone Financial Statements

Previous GAAP figures have been reclassified/regrouped to conform to the presentation requirements under Ind AS and the requirements laid down in Division-II to the Schedule-III of the Companies Act 2013.


Mar 31, 2016

1. For the year ended 31st March, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company have recommended dividend of Rs. 1.00 per share (Previous year Rs. 1.00 per share) to equity shareholders aggregating to Rs. 248.54 crore (Previous year Rs. 246.09 crore) including Dividend Distribution Tax.

2. The Company has furnished bank guarantees to Nominated Authority of Ministry of Coal towards fulfilment of certain conditions of the agreements signed by it in respect of the four coal blocks awarded to it through auction. Some of the conditions could not be fulfilled despite best efforts for reasons beyond its control as certain approvals/clearances that are under the purview of the concerned State Governments have been delayed. The Company has made representation with the Nominated Authority in this regard and is confident that its request will be considered favourably. Accordingly, no provision has been made for this.

3. The Company is one of the promoter members of Aditya Birla Management Corporation Private Limited (ABMCPL), a Company limited by guarantee which has been formed to provide common facilities and resources to its members, with a view to optimize the benefits of specialization and minimize cost for each member. The Company is one of the participants in the common pool and shares the expenses incurred by ABMCPL and accounted for under appropriate heads.

4. Segment Reporting:

A. Primary Segment Reporting (by Business Segment):

(a) The Company has two reportable segments, viz, Aluminium and Copper which have been identified in line with the Accounting Standard-17 on Segment Reporting, taking into account the organizational structure as well as differential risk and return of these segments. Details of products included in each segments are as under:

(i) Aluminium : Hydrate and Alumina, Aluminium and Aluminium Product

(ii) Copper : Continuous Cast Copper Rods, Copper Cathode, Sulphuric Acid, DAP and Complexes, Gold and Silver

(b) Inter-segment transfers are based on market rates.

(c) The details of the revenue, results, assets, liabilities and other information from operations by reportable business segments are as under:

B. Secondary Segment Reporting (by Geographical Demarcation):

(a) The secondary segment is based on geographical demarcation, i.e., India and Rest of the World.

(b) The Company''s revenue from external customers and information about its assets and others by geographical location are as under:

5. Employee Share Based Payment

Employee Stock Option Scheme-2006 ("ESOS-2006")

On 7th December, 2006, the Board of Directors approved the Employee Stock Option Scheme-2006 ("ESOS-2006") for issue of 3,475,000 stock options to its permanent employees in the management cadre, in one or more tranches, whether working in India or out of India, including the Managing/Whole-time Directors of the Company. Each option when exercised would be converted into one fully paid-up equity share of Rs. 1/- each of the Company. The options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after one year from the date of grant. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting, and these options do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, on 23rd September, 2011, the ESOS-2006 has been partially modified and by which the Company may issue 6,475,000 options to its eligible employees.

According to ESOS-2006, so far the Company has granted 4,328,159 options (Previous year 4,328,159 options) to its eligible employees out of which 1,774,296 options (Previous year 1,386,213 options) has been cancelled/lapsed, and are available for grant as per the term of the Scheme. A summary of the activity in the stock options granted under ESOS 2006 for the year ended 31st March, 2016 is as follows:

During the year ended 31st March, 2016, the Company has allotted 3,185 fully paid-up equity shares of Rs. 1/- each of the Company (Previous year 373,666) on exercise of options under ESOE-2006, for which the Company has realised Rs. 0.03 crore (Previous year Rs. 3.83 crore) as exercise money. The weighted average share price at the exercise date was Rs. 134.70 per share (Previous year Rs. 168.73 per share).

Employee Stock Option Scheme 2013 ("ESOS-2013")

During FY 2013-14, the Company has instituted Employee Stock Option Scheme-2013 ("ESOS-2013"), under which the Company may grant 5,462,000 stock options and restricted stock units (RSU) to the permanent employees in the management cadre and Managing/Whole-time Directors of the Company and its subsidiary companies in India and abroad, in one or more tranches. The ESOS-2013 is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). The option exercise price would be determined by the Committee whereas the RSU exercise price shall be the face value of the equity shares of the Company as on the date of grant of RSUs. Each option and each RSU entitles the holders to apply for and be allotted one fully paid-up equity share of Rs. 1/- each of the Company upon payment of exercise price during the exercise period. The options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after one year of the date of grant, whereas RSU will vest at the end of three years from the date of grant. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting and these options/RSUs do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, cancelled/lapsed options and RSUs are also available for grant.

In terms of ESOS-2013, so far, the Company has granted 2,173,824 stock options and 2,175,272 RSUs (Previous year 2,062,564 stock options and 2,063,938 RSUs) to the eligible employees of the Company and some of its subsidiary companies. Further, 204,161 stock options and 215,772 RSUs (Previous year 100,421 stock options and 111,960 RSUs) have been cancelled/lapsed and are available for grant as per term of the Scheme. A summary of the activity in the stock options and RSUs granted under ESOS-2013 for the year ended 31st March, 2016, is as follows:

During the year ended 31st March, 2016, the Company has allotted 2,193 fully paid-up equity share of Rs. 1/- each of the Company (Previous year 18,848) on exercise of options under ESOS-2013 for which the Company has realised Rs. 0.03 crore (Previous year Rs. 0.22 crore) as exercise money. The weighted-average share price at the exercise date was Rs. 114.30 per share (Previous year Rs. 154.54 per share).

Fair Valuation

The Fair Value of the options used to compute net Profit and earnings per share have been done by an independent valuer using Black and Scholes Model. The details of options granted during the year ended 31st March, 2016, the key assumptions and the Fair Value on the date of grant are as under:

The expected volatility was determined based on the historical share price volatility over the past period depending on life of the options granted.

For the year ended 31st March, 2016, the Company determined Rs. 7.05 crore (Previous year Rs. 7.28 crore) as amortized compensation cost for stock options granted including Rs. 0.14 crore (Previous year Rs. 0.06 crore) expenses relating to options granted to employees of a subsidiary of the Company which has been realised from that company. The Company measures compensation cost for the stock options granted using intrinsic value method. Had the compensation cost been determined in a manner consistent with fair value approach, the Company''s net Profit and earnings per share as reported would have been as under:

6. The Company had formulated a scheme of financial restructuring under Sections 391 to 394 of the Companies Act, 1956 ("the Scheme"), between the Company and its equity shareholders approved by the High Court of Judicature of Bombay to deal with various costs associated with its organic and inorganic growth plan. Pursuant to this, a separate reserve account titled as Business Reconstruction Reserve ("BRR") was created during the year 2008-09 by transferring balance standing to the credit of Securities Premium Account of the Company, for adjustment of certain expenses as prescribed in the Scheme. Accordingly, the Company had transferred Rs. 8,647.37 crore from Securities Premium Account to BRR, and till 31st March, 2015, Rs. 250.33 crore have been adjusted against BRR. During the year, following expenses has been adjusted with BRR:

(a) Rs. 279.46 crore towards expenses on exited Projects

(b) Impairment loss of Rs. 367.31 crore (Net of deferred tax Rs. 194.39 crore)

(c) Provision of Rs. 35.50 crore towards diminution in value of investments

Had the Scheme not prescribed aforesaid treatment, the impact on results and Earnings Per Share (EPS) would have been as under:

Profit for the year lower by Rs. 682.27 crore

Basic EPS lower by Rs. 3.30

Diluted EPS lower by Rs. 3.30

7. Gain or (Loss) on foreign currency transaction and translation has been accounted for under respective head of accounts depending upon the nature of transaction. The details of net gain or (loss) included in various head of accounts are as under:

8. Derivative Financial Instruments:

(a) The Company has adopted Accounting Standard-30, "Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement", issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, so far as it relates to derivative accounting.

(b) In the ordinary course of business, the Company is exposed to risks resulting from changes in prices of commodity, exchange rate fluctuation and interest rate movements. It manages its exposure to these risks through derivative financial instruments. It uses derivative instruments such as forwards, futures, swaps and options to manage these risks. These derivative instruments reduce the impact of both favourable and unfavourable fluctuations.

The Company''s risk management activities are subject to the management, direction and control of Risk Management Board (RMB). The RMB is composed of three directors including Managing Director, Deputy Managing Director and at least two officers, one being the Chief Financial Officer. The RMB reports to the Board of Directors on the scope of its activities.

The decision of whether and when to execute derivative financial instruments along with its tenure can vary from period to period depending on market conditions and the relative costs of the instruments. The tenure is always linked to the timing of the underlying exposure, with the connection between the two being regularly monitored. The Company is exposed to losses in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to the derivative contracts. All derivative contracts are executed with counterparties that, in our judgment, are creditworthy. The credit levels are reviewed to ensure that there is no inappropriate concentration of outstanding to any particular counterparty.

Commodity Price Risk

Copper and Precious Metals

This business is conducted under a conversion model. The prices of input and output are derived from the same benchmark and/or are linked to each other through a defi ned formula. The objective of risk management is to attempt to use derivatives to match the price fluctuations arising out of the timing mismatch in pricing the input and output to make the margins immune to the fluctuations in prices of the input and output.

Aluminium

This business is vertically integrated. The main raw material, viz., bauxite (mostly mined from own mines) and other purchased raw materials do not have any linkage with the output price which is Aluminium LME prices. When the prices of input(s) and output(s) do not follow the above condition, then risk management attempts to use derivatives so as to protect the margins from adverse movements in prices on either side, i.e., from a rise in input cost or from a fall in output price.

Coal and Furnace Oil

Smelting and other associated operations of aluminium require significantamount of power. Such power is mostly supplied through captive power generation units which are coal based. In order to meet the gap between requirement of coal and its availability domestically, sometimes coal is also imported. The domestic prices of coal are not linked to any internationally traded price whereas the imported coal is linked to internationally traded prices. Hence the imported coal price fluctuates in line with the international prices. To mitigate this risk, coal commodity derivatives are taken. Similarly, Furnace Oil is also an important input for manufacturing alumina which is the input for aluminium production. Furnace oil is sourced mainly from domestic market but the price is linked to international crude price movement. Hence, to mitigate this risk, furnace oil commodity derivatives are taken.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Exchange rate movements, particularly, the United States Dollar (USD) and Euro (EUR) against Indian Rupee (INR), have an impact on our operating results. In addition to the foreign exchange flow from exports, the commodity prices in the domestic market are derived based on the landed cost of imports in India where LME prices and USD/INR exchange rate are the main factors. In case of conversion business, the objective is to match the exchange rate of outflows and related inflows through derivative financial instruments. With respect to Aluminium business, where costs are predominantly in INR, the strengthening of INR against USD adversely affects the profitability of the business and benefits when INR depreciates against USD. The Company enters into various foreign exchange contracts to protect profitability. The Company also enters into various foreign exchange contracts to mitigate the risk arising out of foreign currency exchange rate movement in foreign currency contracts executed with foreign suppliers to procure capital items for its project activities. Also, certain foreign exchange future derivatives are taken for arbitrage between exchange and OTC.

Embedded derivatives

Copper concentrate is purchased on future pricing model based on month''s average LME (in case of copper)/LBMA (in case of gold and silver). Since the value of the concentrate changes with response to change in commodity pricing indices, embedded derivatives (ED) is identified and segregated in the contract. The ED, so segregated, is treated like commodity derivative and qualify for hedge accounting. These derivatives are put into a Fair Value hedge relationship with inventory.

The objective of hedge designation of the embedded commodity derivative is to offset the volatility in the Statement of Profit and Loss due to change in value of un-priced inventory with response to LME/ LBMA.

9. Related Party Disclosures as per Accounting Standard (AS)-18:

A. List of Related Parties:

(a) Enterprises where control exists:

i. Subsidiaries:

1 Hindalco Guinea SARL

2 Minerals & Minerals Limited

3 Utkal Alumina Technical & General Services Limited

4 Suvas Holdings Limited

5 Utkal Alumina International Limited

6 Aditya Birla Chemicals (India) Limited (Merged with Grasim Industries Limited w.e.f. 1st April, 2015)

7 Aditya Birla Chemicals (Belgium) BVBA (Merged with Grasim Industries Limited w.e.f. 1st April, 2015)

8 Renukeshwar Investments & Finance Limited

9 Renuka Investments & Finance Limited

10 Dahej Harbour and Infrastructure Limited

11 Lucknow Finance Company Limited

12 Hindalco - Almex Aerospace Limited

13 Hindalco do Brasil Indústria e Comércio de Alumina Ltda.

14 Tubed Coal Mines Limited

15 East Coast Bauxite Mining Company Private Limited

16 Mauda Energy Limited

17 Birla Resources Pty. Limited

18 Aditya Birla Minerals Limited

19 Birla Maroochydore Pty. Limited

20 Birla Nifty Pty. Limited

21 Birla Mt. Gordon Pty. Limited (Disposed of on 27th October, 2015)

22 AV Minerals (Netherlands) N.V.

23 AV Metals Inc.

24 Novelis Inc.

25 Novelis (India) Infotech Ltd.

26 4260848 Canada Inc.

27 4260856 Canada Inc.

28 8018227 Canada Inc.

29 8018243 Canada Limited (Amalgamated with Novelis Inc. w.e.f. 31st March, 2016)

30 Novelis Corporation

Aluminum Upstream Holdings LLC (Amalgamated with Novelis South America Holding LLC

31 w.e.f. 2nd December, 2015)

32 Eurofoil Inc. (USA) (Amalgamated with Novelis PAE Corporation w.e.f. 1st November, 2015)

33 Logan Aluminium Inc.

34 Novelis Acquisitions LLC

35 Novelis Global Employment Organization Inc. (Formerly known as Novelis PAE Corporation change w.e.f. 15th December, 2015)

36 Novelis Holdings Inc.

37 Novelis South America Holdings LLC

38 Novelis Delaware LLC (Amalgamated with Novelis Inc. w.e.f. 31st March, 2016)

39 Albrasilis - Aluminio do Brasil Indústria e Comércio Ltda. (Dissolved 18th November, 2015)

40 Novelis do Brasil Ltda.

41 Novelis Laminés France SAS

42 Novelis PAE SAS

43 Novelis Aluminium Beteiligungs GmbH

44 Novelis Deutschland GmbH

45 Novelis Sheet Ingot GmbH

46 Novelis Aluminium Holding Company

47 Novelis Italia SpA

48 Al Dotcom Sdn. Berhad (Dissolved w.e.f. 21st January, 2016)

49 Alcom Nikkei Specialty Coatings Sdn. Berhad

50 Aluminum Company of Malaysia Berhad

51 Novelis de Mexico SA de CV

52 Novelis Korea Limited

53 Novelis AG

54 Novelis Switzerland SA

55 Novelis UK Ltd.

56 Novelis Europe Holdings Limited

57 Novelis Services Limited

58 Novelis (Shanghai) Aluminum Trading Company

59 Novelis (China) Aluminum Products Co., Ltd.

60 Novelis MEA Ltd.

61 Novelis Vietnam Company Limited

62 Novelis Asia Holdings (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. (struck off w.e.f. 17th March, 2016)

63 Brecha Energetica Ltda.

64 Brito Energetica Ltda.

65 Novelis Services (North America) Inc.

(b) Other Related Parties:

i. Associates:

1 Aditya Birla Science & Technology Company Private Limited

2 Idea Cellular Limited

3 Aluminium Norf GmbH

4 Deutsche Aluminium Verpackung Recycling GmbH

5 France Aluminium Recyclage SA

ii. Joint Ventures:

1 Mahan Coal Limited

2 Hydromine Global Minerals (GmbH) Limited

3 MNH Shakti Limited

iii. Trust of the Company:

1 Trident Trust

iv. Key Managerial Personnel:

Mr. D. Bhattacharya - Managing Director

Mr. Satish Pai - Deputy Managing Director

10. Previous year figures have been reclassified/regrouped to conform to this year''s classification.


Mar 31, 2015

1. Segment Reporting:

A. Primary Segment Reporting (by Business Segment):

(a) The Company has two reportable segments, viz., Aluminium and Copper, which have been identifi ed in line with the Accounting Standard-17 on Segment Reporting, taking into account the organizational structure as well as differential risk and return of these segments. Details of products included in each segment are as under:

(i) Aluminium: Hydrate & Alumina, Aluminium and Aluminium Products

(ii) Copper: Continuous Cast Copper Rods, Copper Cathode, Sulphuric Acid, DAP & Complexes, Gold and Silver

(b) Inter-segment transfers are based on market rates.

(c) The details of the revenue, results, assets, liabilities and other information from operations by reportable business segments are as under:

2. Employee Share Based Payment:

Employee Stock Option Scheme-2006 ("ESOS 2006")

On 7th December, 2006, the Board of Directors approved the Employee Stock Option Scheme 2006 ("ESOS 2006") for issue of 3,475,000 stock options to its permanent employees in the management cadre, in one or more tranches, whether working in India or out of India, including the Managing/Deputy Managing Directors of the Company. Each option when exercised would be converted into one fully paid-up equity share of Rs. 1/- each of the Company. The options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after one year from the date of grant. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting and these options do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, on 23rd September, 2011, the ESOS-2006 has been partially modifi ed and by which the Company may issue 6,475,000 options to its eligible employees.

Employee Stock Option Scheme 2013 ("ESOS 2013")

During FY 2013-14, the Company has instituted Employee Stock Option Scheme 2013 ("ESOS 2013"), under which the Company may grant 5,462,000 stock options and restricted stock units (RSU) to the permanent employees in the management cadre and Managing/Whole-time Directors of the Company and its subsidiary companies in India and abroad, in one or more tranches. The ESOS 2013 is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). The option exercise price would be determined by the Committee whereas the RSU exercise price shall be the face value of the equity shares of the Company as on the date of grant of RSUs. Each option and each RSU entitles the holders to apply for and be allotted one fully paid-up equity share of Rs. 1/- each of the Company upon payment of exercise price during exercise period. The options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after one year of the date of grant whereas RSU will vest at the end of three years from the date of grant. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting and these option/RSU do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, cancelled/lapsed options and RSU are also available for grant.

3. The Hon''ble Supreme Court of India, in its judgment dated 25th August, 2014, and order dated 24th September, 2014, has declared all allocations of the coal blocks made through Screening Committee route since 1993 as illegal and has quashed the allocation of coal blocks, which include:

(a) Mahan, Tubed and Talabira II & III Coal Blocks allocated to joint venture companies Mahan Coal Limited (Mahan Coal), Tubed Coal Mines Limited (Tubed Coal) and MNH Shakti Limited (MNH Shakti), respectively. The Company holds equity of 50%, 60% and 15%, respectively, in these joint venture companies. In view of, said judgement, Mahan Coal and Tubed Coal have reported that the going concern concept has been vitiated and, accordingly, these companies have made necessary provisions in their fi nancial statements to bring down the assets and liabilities to their realisable value. Considering these facts, the Company has made appropriate provisions for diminution in the value of investments in these companies.

(b) Talabira I Coal Block held and operated by the Company stands cancelled with effect from 1st April, 2015, following deallocation of coal blocks by the Hon''ble Supreme Court. However, an additional levy of Rs. 295/- per MT of coal extracted since beginning till 31st March, 2015, has been paid, as per direction of the Hon''ble Supreme Court.

4. The Company has been awarded four coal blocks in the auction conducted by the Nominated Authority of the Ministry of Coal.

5. Labour Commissioner of Administration of Dadra and Nagar Haveli has approved closure of Silvassa Foil & Packaging plant on 27th January, 2015. All 186 permanent workers at the plant have opted for voluntary retirement during the current year. Total amount incurred on this account is Rs. 14.37 crore which is included in Employee Benefi ts Expenses.

6. During this year, the Company has received an amount of Rs. 1,393.96 crore from its wholly owned subsidiary A V Minerals (Netherlands) N. V. towards return of capital by reducing nominal value of shares from EURO 643.76 to EURO 567.83 per share. The amount of Rs. 1,032.85 core has been adjusted in carrying cost of investments, and the foreign exchange gain of Rs. 361.11 crore on this transaction have been accounted for as "Exceptional Income".

7. The Company had formulated a scheme of fi nancial restructuring under Sections 391 to 394 of the Companies Act, 1956 ("the Scheme"), between the Company and its equity shareholders approved by the High Court of judicature of Bombay to deal with various costs associated with its organic and inorganic growth plan. Pursuant to this, a separate reserve account titled as Business Reconstruction Reserve ("BRR") was created during the year 2008-09 by transferring the balance standing to the credit of Securities Premium Account of the Company for adjustment of certain expenses as prescribed in the Scheme. Accordingly, the Company had transferred Rs. 8,647.37 crore from Securities Premium Account to BRR and till 31st March, 2014, Rs. 153.04 crore have been adjusted against BRR. During the year, following expenses has been adjusted with BRR:

(a) Impairment loss of Rs. 62.29 crore (Net of deferred tax Rs. 32.97 crore) arising on deteriorating operating performance in one of its cash generating units of Aluminium Business. (refer Note No. 32 (a))

(b) Provision of Rs. 35.00 crore towards diminution in the value of investments of Mahan Coal Limited, joint venture of the Company, and Tubed Coal Mines Limited, subsidiary of the Company, made following deallocation of coal blocks by the Hon''ble Supreme Court. (refer Note No. 24 (c))

Had the Scheme not prescribed aforesaid treatment, the impact on results and Earnings Per Share (EPS) would have been as under:

Profit for the year lower by Rs. 97.29 crore

Basic EPS lower by Rs. 0.47

Diluted EPS lower by Rs. 0.47

B. In respect of defi ned Contribution Schemes:

(a) As required under Guidance Note on Implementation of Accounting Standard-15 (Revised) issued by the ICAI in respect of exempted Provident Fund, the Company has carried out actuarial valuation to ascertain shortfall in interest, if any, payable to the members of Provident Fund and has made appropriate provision in the books. The Company contributes 12% of salary for all eligible employees towards Provident Fund managed either by approved trusts or by the Central Government and debited to the Statement of Profi t and Loss. In view of typical nature of such the Provident Fund scheme involving defi ned benefi t underpin in respect of interest payable to members as declared by the Employees, Provident Fund Organisation, the defi ned benefi t obligation relating to interest shortfall is considered to be Other Long Term Employee Benefi ts. The amount debited to the Statement of Profi t and Loss during the year was Rs. 87.29 crore (Previous year Rs. 70.90 crore).

(b) The Company contributes a certain percentage of salary for all eligible employees in managerial cadre towards Superannuation Funds managed by approved trusts or by Life Insurance Corporation of India. The amount debited to the Statement of Profi t and Loss during the year was Rs. 13.27 crore (previous year Rs. 13.05 crore).

(b) In the ordinary course of business, the Company is exposed to risks resulting from changes in prices of commodity, exchange rate fl uctuation and interest rate movements. It manages its exposure to these risks through derivative fi nancial instruments. It uses derivative instruments such as forwards, futures, swaps and options to manage these risks. These derivative instruments reduce the impact of both favourable and unfavourable fl uctuations.

The Company''s risk management activities are subject to the management, direction and control of Risk Management Board (RMB). The RMB is composed of three directors including Managing Director, Deputy Managing Director and at least two offi cers, one being the Chief Financial Offi cer. The RMB reports to the Board of Directors on the scope of its activities.

The decision of whether and when to execute derivative fi nancial instruments along with its tenure can vary from period to period depending on market conditions and the relative costs of the instruments. The tenure is always linked to the timing of the underlying exposure, with the connection between the two being regularly monitored. The Company is exposed to losses in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to the derivative contracts. All derivative contracts are executed with counterparties that, in our judgment, are creditworthy. The credit levels are reviewed to ensure that there is no inappropriate concentration of outstanding to any particular counterparty.

Commodity Price Risk

Copper and Precious Metals

This business is conducted under a conversion model. The prices of input and output are derived from the same benchmark and/or are linked to each other through a defi ned formula. The objective of risk management is to attempt to use derivatives to match the price fl uctuations arising out of the timing mismatch in pricing the input and output to make the margins immune to the fl uctuations in prices of the input and output.

Aluminium

This business is vertically integrated. The main raw material viz. bauxite (mostly mined from own mines) and other purchased raw materials do not have any linkage with the output price which is Aluminium LME prices. When the prices of input(s) and output(s) do not follow the above condition, then the risk management attempts to use derivatives so as to protect the margins from adverse movements in prices on either side, i.e. from a rise in input cost or from a fall in output price.

Coal

Both green fi eld and brown fi eld expansion has increased the power requirement mainly for smelting and other associated operations. Power is mostly supplied to these smelters through captive power generation units which are coal based. In order to meet the gap between requirement of coal and availability in the domestic market as also from own sources, at times coal is also imported . The domestic price are not linked to any internationally traded price whereas the imported coal is linked to internationally traded prices. Hence, the imported coal price fl uctuates in line with the international prices. To mitigate this risk, coal commodity derivatives are taken.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Exchange rate movements, particularly the United States Dollar (USD) and Euro (EUR) against Indian Rupee (INR), have an impact on our operating results. In addition to the foreign exchange fl ow from exports, the commodity prices in the domestic market are derived based on the landed cost of imports in India where LME prices and USD/INR exchange rate are the main factors. In the case of conversion business, the objective is to match the exchange rate of outfl ows and related infl ows through derivative fi nancial instruments. With respect to Aluminium business where costs are predominantly in INR, the strengthening of INR against USD adversely affects the profi tability of the business and benefi ts when INR depreciates against USD. The Company enters into various foreign exchange contracts to protect profi tability. The Company also enters into various foreign exchange contracts to mitigate the risk arising out of foreign currency exchange rate movement in foreign currency contracts executed with foreign suppliers to procure capital items for its project activities. Also, certain foreign exchange future derivatives are taken for arbitrage between exchange and OTC.

Embedded derivatives

Copper concentrate is purchased on future pricing model based on month''s average LME (in case of copper)/LBMA (in case of gold and silver). Since the value of the concentrate changes with response to change in commodity pricing indices, embedded derivatives (ED) is identifi ed and segregated in the contract. The ED so segregated, is treated like commodity derivative and qualify for hedge accounting. These derivatives are put into a Fair Value hedge relationship with inventory.

The objective of hedge designation of the embedded commodity derivative is to offset the volatility in the Statement of Profi t and Loss due to change in value of un-priced inventory with response to LME/LBMA.

8. Contingent Liabilities and Commitments:

(Rs. Crore)

As at

31/03/2015 31/03/2014

A. Contingent Liabilities

(a) Claims against the Company not acknowledged as debt: Following demands are disputed by the Company and are not provided for:

(i) Demand of interest on past dues of the Aluminium Regulation account up to 31st December, 1987. 6.33 6.33

* The demand is in dispute with Controller of Aluminium Regulation Account.

(ii) Retrospective Revision of Water Rates by UP Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited (April 1989 to June 1993 & January 2000 to January 2001). 4.08 4.08

* Writ petition pending with Lucknow Bench of Allahabad High Court. The demand for arrears stayed vide order dated 11/05/2001.

(iii) Transit fees levied by Divisional Forest Officer, Renukoot, on Coal and Bauxite. 117.63 106.65

* Appeal pending with the Hon''ble High Court of Allahabad and payment of transit fee has been stayed. According to the legal opinion received by the Company, the Forest Department has no authority to levy such fees. The Company has filed a transfer application before the Hon''ble Supreme Court. The Hon''ble Supreme Court of India, while issuing notice on our Transfer Petition, stayed the further proceedings of the Company''s Writ Petition pending before the Hon''ble Allahabad High Court.

(iv) M. P. Transit Fee on Coal demanded by Northern Coal Fields Limited. 24.51 23.77

* Company had challenged the demand towards M. P. transit Fee on Coal and filed Writ Petition before the Hon''ble Jabalpur High Court. The Hon''ble High Court has struck down the levy and also ordered for refund of the amount paid under protest. The State government has filed an Appeal before the Hon''ble Supreme Court of India against the said order and the Hon''ble Supreme Court has been stayed the order of Hon''ble High Court. The Counter affidavit in the matter has been filed. The rejoinder has also been filed by the state. To be listed along withthe similar matter before the Supreme Court of India.

(v) Imposition of Cess on Coal by Shaktinagar Special Area Development Authority. 3.98 11.17 *Writ pending before the Allahabad High Court, Allahabad. Demand and levy stayed. However, the company has moved a transfer petition before the Hon''ble Supreme Court of India for tagging the matter with CA No. 1883 of 06 (ORISED Matter). The matter is tagged with ORISED and to be heard by the Nine Judges Bench of the Hon''ble Supreme Court.

(vi) Demand of Royalty on Vanadium by District Mining Officer, Lohardaga. 7.96 7.96

* Appeal is pending with the Hon''ble High Court of Allahabad. The demand has been stayed on certain conditions.

(vii) The demand of Excise Duty on gold. 155.31 155.31

* Part of the demand was confi rmed against which our ROM request is pending at CESTAT Department''s appeal is pending before the Hon''ble Supreme Court for the part of the demand and penalty that was dropped.

(viii) Demand raised on assessment under CST Act and UP Sales Tax Act. - 6.39

* Demand has been quashed at fi rst appeal and second appeal stage. Department has gone in the revision before the Hon''ble High Court, Allahabad which has rejected the Department appeal.

(ix) Revision of surface rent on land by Government of Jharkhand w.e.f. 16th June, 2005. 29.97 26.18

* Matter is in dispute at Hon''ble High Court of Jharkhand.

(x) Demand made by Nayab Tehsildar Kusmi/ Collector under Chhattisgarh as per Adhosanrachna Vikas evam Parayavaran Upkar Adhiniyam, 2005 @ 5% as environment tax on royalty plus 5% as development tax. 7.37 6.60

* The Writ petition fi led by the Company before Hon''ble High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur has been transferred to the Hon''ble Supreme Court and tagged with other Civil Appeals.

(xi) Service tax paid on Goods Transport Agency and Business Auxiliary Services. 11.27 11.27

* Commissioner has confi rmed the demand. Appeal is being filed at CESTAT New Delhi.

(xii) M.P. Transit Fee on Bauxite. 1.30 1.30

* Company has fi led Writ Petition before the Hon''ble Jabalpur High Court. The Hon''ble High Court has struck down the levy and also ordered for refund of the amount paid under protest. The State government has filed an appeal against the order of the Hon''ble High Court.

(xiii) Demand for Entry Tax relating to valuation dispute of 2004-05 to 2005-06, for which appeals have been filed. 1.18 1.18

* Appeal has been fi led with Additional CCT, Sambalpur.

(xiv) CST demand on reopening of assessments for 1999-00 to 2003-04. 5.01 8.81

* Appeals have been filed.

(xv) Demand of penalty on excess CENVAT Credit taken. 0.10 1.09

* Appeal pending with CESTAT, Mumbai.

(xvi) Demand for Sales Tax u/s 15B for A.Y. 2001-02 & 2002-03. 7.96 7.96

* Appeal is pending with J. C. Appellate Authority, Baroda.

(xvii) Service Tax on insurance policy attributable to Renusagar. 3.97 3.97

* Commissioner has confi rmed the demand. Appeal is pending before the CESTAT, New Delhi.

(xviii) Disallowance of CENVAT credit. 5.29 5.29

* The matter is pending with CESTAT, Ahmedabad.

(xix) Demand raised on assessment under CST Act and APGST Act for various years. 5.89 5.77

* Appeals have been fi led with appropriate authorities.

(xx) Demand for Service Tax on Consulting Engineer Services and Scientifi c & Tech Service. 3.84 3.84

* Appeal pending with Commissioner (Appeals), Ahmedabad.

(xxi) Excise Duty on Dross. - 19.78

* Favourable order of Hon''ble Bombay High Court received during the year, quashing circulars issued by CBEC regarding Excise Duty on Dross.

(xxii) Alleged Cenvat taken without receipt of Alumina Hydrate inside the factory. 3.46 3.46

* Appeal filed with CESTAT.

(xxiii) Alleged CENVAT availed on the Input services at captive Mines. 36.05 36.05

* Appeal pending with CESTAT

(xxiv) CENVAT of Service Tax Credit availed on Supplementary Invoices. 11.05 3.12

* Pending with appropriate Authority

(xxv) Clearence of Silver at Nil Rate of Duty under Notification No.5/2006. - 8.96

* CESTAT has given favorable judgement.

(xxvi) Excess rebate has been sanctioned to the extent duty paid by supplementary invoices 5.08 5.08

* Appeal pending with Commissioner of Customs (Appeals),Mumbai

(xxvii) Disallowance of CENVAT on input services. 7.74 6.79

* Pending with appropriate Authority.

(xxviii) Parallel operation charges on capacity of Captive Power Plant by Madhya Pradesh Electricity Regulatory Commission. - 7.05

* Matter is pending before Hon''ble High court of Madhya Pradesh at Jabalpur. The Hon''ble High Court passed an order on 20.9.2013 and stayed the operation of order passed by MPERC subject to deposit of 50% of the amount since provided.

(xxix) Water Tariff revision demand for previous years. 10.86 -

* Matter is pending in Hon''ble High Court of Karnataka.

(xxx) Demand for Sales Tax under KVAT Act 2003 for Tax period 2011-2012 & 2012-13. 16.46 -

* Appeal pending with Commissioner, Appellate Authority, Bengaluru.

(xxxi) Demand for Sales Tax under MPVAT Act, 2002, for Tax period 2010-11. 7.64 -

* Appeal pending with Commissioner, Appellate Authority, Indore

(xxxii) Demand for Sales Tax under CST Act, 1969, for Tax Period 2009-10 1.21 -

* Appeal pending with Commissioner, Appellate Authority, Bengaluru.

(xxxiii) Other Contingent Liabilities in respect of Excise, Customs, Sales Tax, etc., each being for less than Rs. 1 Crore. 17.72 15.51

* The demands are in dispute at various legal forums. 520.22 510.72

(b) Corporate Guarantees Outstandings 5,270.76 5,287.03 (Rs. 5,229.70 crore* (previous year Rs. 5246.47 crore) given on behalf of subsidiary companies)

* Includes Rs. 5,181.28 crore (Previous year Rs. 5,198.05 crore) given to lenders against loan provided to various subsidiaries , amount of loan outstanding as on 31st March 2015 is Rs. 4,887.43 crore (Previous Year Rs. 4,950.00 crore).

(c) Other money for which the Company is contingently liable:

(i). Bills discounted with Banks 0.87 3.53

(ii). Customs duty on Capital Goods and Raw Materials imported under EPCG Scheme/ Advance License, against which export obligation is to be fulfi lled (excluding cenvatable portion). 328.03 368.51

(iii). The Company has received a notice dated 24th March, 2007, from Collector (Stamp), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, alleging that stamp duty of Rs. 252.96 crore is payable in view of the order dated 18th November, 2002, of the Hon''ble High Court of Allahabad approving the scheme of arrangement for merger of Copper business of Indo Gulf Corporation Limited with the Company. The Company is of the opinion that it has a very strong case as there is no substantive/computation provision for levy/ calculation of stamp duty on court order approving the scheme of arrangement under Companies Act, 1956, within the provisions of Uttar Pradesh Stamp Act, moreover, the properties in question are located in the State of Gujarat and thus the Collector (Stamp), Kanpur, has no territorial jurisdiction to make such a demand. It is pertinent to note that the Company in 2003-04 has already paid stamp duty which has been accepted as per the provisions of the Bombay Stamp Act, 1958, with regard to transfer of shareholding of Indo Gulf Corporation Limited as per the Scheme of Arrangement. Furthermore, the demand made, is on an incorrect assumption. The Company''s contention, amongst the various other grounds made is that the demand is illegal, against the principles of natural justice, incorrect, bad in law and malafi de. The Company has fi led a writ petition before the Hon''ble High Court of Allahabad, inter alia, on the above said grounds, which is pending determination.

(iv). The assessing offi cer, while framing the assessment for AY 2008-09, made adjustment, inter alia, amounting to Rs. 270.32 crore, to total income on account of purported arm''s length fee for corporate guarantee provided to foreign banks for granting loan to a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, viz., AV Minerals (Netherlands) N.V. The Company has fi led appeal before the Income Tax Tribunal.

(v). The Company has an agreement with Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (UPPCL), under which banking of surplus energy with UPPCL is permitted and such banked energy may be drawn as and when required at free of cost. However, UPPCL has raised demand of Rs. 55.42 crore with retrospective effect from 1.4.2009 on the alleged ground that drawal of energy against the banked energy is not permissible during peak hours. The Company has challenged the demand by fi ling a petition on 27.12.2013 under Section 86(i)(f) read with other relevant provisions of Electricity Act, 2003, seeking quashing/setting aside the demand. The matter has been heard on 12.2.2014 and the Hon''ble Uttar Pradesh Electricity Regulatory Commission (UPERC), vide its order dated 24.2.2014, has directed the UPPCL to restrain from taking any coercive action till final order of UPERC. The Company believes that it has a strong case and no provision towards this is required.

(Rs. Crore)

As at

31/03/2015 31/03/2014

B. Commitments

(a) Estimated amount of contracts remaining to be executed on capital account and not provided for net of advances 574.76 1,181.44

(b) The Company, along with Aditya Birla Nuvo Limited, Grasim Industries Limited and Birla TMT Holdings Pvt. Limited (the Sponsors), being promoters of Idea, Cellular Limited (Idea) has given the following undertakings to the Facility Agent:

i. The Sponsors shall collectively continue to hold at least 33% of the equity capital of Idea till the end of FY 2015-16 and shall not, without prior written approval of the Facility Agent, divest, transfer, assign, dispose of, pledge, charge, create any lien or in any way encumber 33% of shareholdings in Idea. Consequent upon the infusion of fresh equity capital of Idea, if the Sponsors'' stake gets diluted from 40% to 33% in the equity capital of Idea, the Sponsors agree and undertake to obtain the prior consent of the Rupee Facility Agent and in other circumstances, the Sponsors agree and undertake to obtain the prior consent of the secured lenders representing 51% of the aggregate outstanding secured loans.

ii. The Sponsors shall collectively continue to hold 26% of the equity capital of Idea after FY 2015-16 and shall not, without the prior written approval of the Rupee Facility Agent, divest, transfer, assign, dispose of, pledge, charge, create any lien or in any way encumber 26% shareholdings in the capital of Idea.

iii. Not without prior approval of the Facility Agent in writing divest shareholdings in the equity capital of Idea that may result in a single investor along with its affi liates holding more than 25% of the equity capital of Idea.

(c) The Company, has given the following undertakings in connection with the loan of Utkal Aluminium International Limited (UAIL), a wholly owned subsidiary:

i. To hold minimum 51% equity shares in UAIL.

ii. To ensure to meet the Financial Covenants, except Fixed Asset Coverage Ratio, as provided in the loan agreements.

9. As per Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013, a Corporate Social Responsibility committee has been formed by the Company. The Company has incurred expenses amounting to Rs. 32.42 crore in alignment with the CSR Policy of the Company, which is in confi rmity with the activities specified in Schedule VII to the Companies Act, 2013.

10. Previous year figures have been reclassifi ed/regrouped to conform to this year''s classification.


Mar 31, 2014

1. Share Capital:

(b) Rights, Preferences and Restrictions attached to Equity Shares:

The Company has one class of equity shares having a par value of Rs. 1/- per share. Each shareholder is eligible for one vote per share held. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting, except in case of interim dividend. In the event of liquidation, the equity shareholders are eligible to receive the remaining assets of the Company after distribution of all preferential amounts, in proportion to their shareholding.

(d) Shares Reserved for Issue under Options:

The Company has reserved Equity Shares for issue under the Employee Stock Options Scheme. Please refer Note No. 41 on "Employee Share-Based Payment" for details of Employee Stock Options Scheme.

2. Money Received against Share Warrants:

In accordance with the provisions of Chapter VII of the SEBI (Issue of Capital and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2009, the Company had allotted 150,000,000 warrants on a preferential basis to the Promoter Group on 22nd March, 2012, entitling them to apply for and obtain allotment of one equity share of Rs. 1/- each fully paid-up at a price of Rs. 144.35 per share against each such warrant at any time after the date of allotment but on or before the expiry of 18 months from the date of allotment in one or more tranches for which the Company has received Rs. 541.31 crore being 25% against these warrants. The Promoter Group Companies applied for conversion of warrants into equity shares at pre-determined price, accordingly, the Company has issued and allotted 150,000,000 equity shares of Rs. 1/- each at a premium of Rs. 143.35 per share on 20th September, 2013, to the Promoter Group on payment of balance amount of these warrants. The entire amount so received has been utilised for various Greenfield and brownfield projects expenditure.

3. Long-Term Borrowings:

(b) Term Loans of Rs. 7,227.54 crore from Banks and Rs. 149.18 crore from Other Parties for Aditya Aluminium Project and Term Loan of Rs. 7,046.37 crore from Banks and Rs. 90.63 crore from Other Parties for Mahan Aluminium Project have been prepaid by the Company on 17th September, 2013 and 3rd January, 2014, respectively.

(c) Term Loans from Banks of Rs. 7,365.00 crore to be secured by a fi rst ranking charge/mortgage/security interest in respect of all the movable assets of Mahan Aluminium Project (except Current Assets) and all the immovable properties of Mahan Aluminium Project, both present and future. However, security creation is pending for want of no due certifi cate from previous term loan lenders.

Total loan of Rs. 7,500.00 crore carry interest at the State Bank of India''s base rate plus 0.50% and are repayable in 40 quarterly instalments commencing from 31st March, 2014 and ending on 31st December, 2023. The repayment in each financial year in percentage is 1.8, 7.95, 9.2, 9.2, 10.2, 10.2, 10.2, 10.2, 11.1, 11.4 and 8.55 of the loan amount.

(d) Term Loans from Banks of Rs. 8,850.00 crore to be secured by a fi rst ranking charge/mortgage/security interest in favour of the State Bank of India, in respect of all the movable and immovable properties of Aditya Aluminium Project, both present and future. However, security on 2,579.89 acres of Project land is pending due to non-availability of approval from the appropriate authority.

Above loans carry interest at the State Bank of India''s base rate plus 1.25% till project COD and 0.25% thereafter, and are repayable in 34 quarterly instalments commencing from 1st June, 2015 and ending on 1st September, 2023. The repayment in each financial year in percentage is 2.32, 4.20, 6.20, 8.60, 9, 11.50, 16, 26 and 16.18 of the loan amount.

The Company will have an option to prepay all or any portion of these loans, without payment of Prepayment Penalty within 30 (Thirty) days after any annual Interest Reset Date.

(e) Term Loans from Other Parties include Foreign Currency Term Loans from Export Development Canada (EDC) of USD 90.70 million (Previous year USD 100.00 million) are secured by a fi rst charge on all movable assets of the Mahan Aluminium Project and a second charge on the current assets of the Company, both present and future.

Total loan of USD 100 million carry interest at the LIBOR plus 3.50% and are repayable in 43 quarterly instalments commencing from 30th June, 2013 and ending on 31st December, 2023. The repayment in each fi nancial year in percentage is 9.30, 9.30, 9.30, 9.30, 9.30, 9.30. 9.30. 9.30, 9.30, 9.30 and 7 of the loan amount. Subject to the prevailing RBI ECB Regulations, the Company may prepay all or any part of these loans at any time.

(f) Deferred Payment Liabilities represent sales tax deferral which is payable in yearly instalment by FY 2018.

4. Deferred Tax Liabilities (Net):

Major components of Deferred Tax arising on account of temporary timing differences are given below:

(a) Working Capital Loan for Aluminium Business, granted under the Consortium Lending Arrangement, are secured by a fi rst pari passu charge on entire stocks of raw materials, work-in-process, fi nished goods, consumable stores and spares and also book debts pertaining to the Company''s Aluminium business. Working Capital Loan of State Bank of India for the Copper business is secured by a fi rst pari passu charge by way of hypothecation of stocks of raw materials, work-in-process, fi nished goods and consumable stores and spares, and also book debts and other movable assets of Copper business, both present and future.

5. Long-Term Loans and Advances:

(Unsecured, Considered Good, unless otherwise stated)

(a) Loans, Advances and Deposits to Related Parties include Rs. 34.45 crore (Previous year Rs. 34.45 crore) towards balance with Trident Trust which represents 16,316,130 equity shares of Rs. 1/- each fully paid-up of the Company issued, pursuant to a Scheme of Arrangement approved by the Hon''ble High Courts at Mumbai and Allahabad vide their Orders dated 31st October, 2002 and 18th November, 2002, respectively, to the Trident Trust, created wholly for the benefit of the Company and is being managed by trustees appointed by it. The tenure of the Trust is up to 23rd January, 2017.

(b) Others include CENVAT credit receivable, VAT credit receivable, Service Tax credit receivable, etc., primarily relating to ongoing projects.

6. Revenue from Operations:

(i) Sales of Copper Products and Precious Metals are accounted for provisionally pending fi nalization of price and quantity. Variations are accounted for in the year of settlement. Final price receivable on sale of above products, for which quotational price was not fi nalized in the previous year, were realigned at the year end forward LME/LMBA rate and reversal of Rs. 1.84 crore (Previous year Rs. 8.21 crore) was accounted for. During the year, fi nal price was settled at Rs. 6.50 crore (Previous year Rs. 47.27 crore) and further reversal of sales of Rs. 4.65 crore (Previous year Rs. 39.06 crore) was taken into account. As on 31st March, 2014, sales of Copper Products and Precious Metals, pending for price fi nalization, were realigned at the year end forward LME/ LMBA and reversal of sales of Rs. 7.83 crore (Previous year Rs. 1.84 crore) was accounted for. Actual cash fl ow is expected on fi nalization of quotational price and quantity in the subsequent financial year.

(ii) Include sales of DAP including nutrient-based subsidy of P&K Rs. 273.34 crore (Previous year Rs. 298.27 crore).

7. Cost of Materials Consumed:

(a) Purchase of Copper Concentrate is accounted for provisionally pending fi nalization of contents in the concentrate and price. Variations are accounted for in the year of settlement. Final price payable on purchase of copper concentrate, for which quotational price and quantity were not fi nalized in the previous year, was realigned based on forward LME and LMBA rate at the year end of copper and precious metals, respectively, and accordingly receivable of Rs. 122.82 crore (Previous year payable Rs. 141.51 crore) was accounted for. During the year, fi nal price was settled at Rs. 248.90 crore (Previous year payable Rs. 10.78 crore) and accordingly further net receivable of Rs. 126.08 crore (Previous year Rs. 130.73 crore) has been accounted for. As on 31st March, 2014, receivable of Rs. 155.88 crore (Previous year Rs. 122.82 crore) was accounted for on realignment of unpriced copper concentrate. Actual cash fl ow is expected on fi nalization of quotational price and quantity in the subsequent financial year.

8. Exceptional Items

(a) Liability of Rs. 324.36 crore under UP Tax on Entry of Goods into Local Areas Act, 2007 (UP Entry Tax)

(b) Liability of Rs. 71.62 crore under Madhya Pradesh Gramin Avsanrachna Tatha Sarak Vikas Adhiniyam (MPGATSVA).

Both the above levies have been contested by the Company and appeals against these are pending before the Hon''ble Supreme Court. In the matter of UP Entry Tax, the Hon''ble Supreme Court has granted a stay on the adverse order of the Hon''ble Allahabad High Court. In the matter of MPGATSVA, the Supreme Court has not stayed the adverse order of the Hon''ble Jabalpur High Court in a separate, but similar, case. Since in both these matters an adverse order has been passed by a High Court upholding the validity of the levy, and the amount of the levy has either been paid or secured by bank guarantees provided by the Company, the Statement of Profi t and Loss has been debited with the total amount pertaining to these levies following principles of prudence. The amount paid towards these levies has been shown as advance recoverable in the Balance Sheet.

9. The Company had formulated a scheme of financial restructuring under Sections 391 to 394 of the Companies Act, 1956 ("the Scheme") between the Company and its equity shareholders approved by the High Court of judicature of Bombay to deal with various costs associated with its organic and inorganic growth plan. Pursuant to this, a separate reserve account titled as Business Reconstruction Reserve ("BRR") was created during the year 2008-09 by transferring balance standing to the credit of Securities Premium Account of the Company for adjustment of certain expenses as prescribed in the Scheme. Accordingly, the Company has transferred Rs. 8,647.37 crore from Securities Premium Account to BRR and till 31st March, 2013, Rs. 66.98 crore has been adjusted against BRR.

During the year, a provision of Rs. 86.06 crore has been made for diminution in value of investment in Hindalco- Almex Aerospace Limited, a subsidiary of the Company. The entire amount of provision has been adjusted against BRR. Had the Scheme not prescribed aforesaid treatment, the impact on results would have been as under:

Profi t for the year lower by Rs. 86.06 crore

Basic EPS lower by Rs. 0.43

Diluted EPS lower by Rs. 0.43

10. For the year ended 31st March, 2014, the Board of Directors of the Company have recommended dividend of Rs. 1.00 per share (Previous year Rs. 1.40 per share) to equity shareholders aggregating to Rs. 241.55 crore (Previous year Rs. 313.60 crore) including Dividend Distribution Tax.

11. Segment Reporting:

A. Primary Segment Reporting (by Business Segment):

(a) The Company has two reportable segments, viz., Aluminium and Copper, which have been identifi ed in line with the Accounting Standard-17 on Segment Reporting, taking into account the organizational structure as well as differential risk and return of these segments. Details of products included in each segments are as under:

(i) Aluminium: Hydrate & Alumina, Aluminium and Aluminium Product.

(ii) Copper: Continuous Cast Copper Rods, Copper Cathode, Sulphuric Acid, DAP & Complexes, Gold and Silver.

(b) Inter-segment transfers are based on market rates.

12. Employee Share-Based Payment:

Employee Stock Options Scheme 2006 ("ESOS 2006")

On 7th December, 2006, the Board of Directors approved the Employee Stock Options Scheme 2006 ("ESOS 2006") for issue of 3,475,000 stock options to its permanent employees in the management cadre, in one or more tranches, whether working in India or out of India, including the Managing/Whole-time Directors of the Company. Each option when exercised would be converted into one fully paid-up equity share of Rs. 1/- each of the Company. The options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after one year from the date of grant. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting, and these options do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, on 23rd September, 2011, the ESOS 2006 has been partially modifi ed and by which the Company may now issue 6,475,000 options to its eligible employees.

According to ESOS 2006, so far the Company has granted 4,328,159 options (Previous year 3,545,550 options) to its eligible employees, out of which 1,169,574 options (Previous year 880,145 options) has been cancelled/ lapsed and are available for grant as per term of the Scheme.

During the year ended 31st March, 2014, the Company has allotted 4,800 fully paid-up equity share of Rs. 1/- each of the Company (Previous year 40,760) on exercise of options under ESOS 2006, for which the Company has realised Rs. 0.05 crore (Previous year Rs. 0.40 crore) as exercise money. The weighted-average share price for the year ended 31st March, 2014, over which options exercised was Rs. 115.20 (Previous year Rs. 117.41).

Employee Stock Options Scheme 2013 ("ESOS 2013")

During this year, the Company has instituted Employee Stock Options Scheme 2013 ("ESOS 2013"), under which the Company may grant 5,462,000 stock options and restricted stock units (RSU) to the permanent employees in the management cadre and Managing/Whole-time Directors of the Company and its subsidiary companies in India and abroad, in one or more tranches. The ESOS 2013 is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). The option exercise price would be determined by the Committee, whereas the RSU exercise price shall be the face value of the equity shares of the Company as on the date of grant of RSUs. Each option and each RSU entitle the holders to apply for and be allotted one fully paid-up equity share of Rs. 1/- each of the Company upon payment of exercise price during exercise period. The options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after one year of the date of grant, whereas RSU will vest at the end of three years from the date of grant. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting and these options/RSUs do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, cancelled/lapsed options and RSUs are also available for grant.

The Company has various schemes (funded/unfunded) for payment of gratuity to all eligible employees calculated at specifi ed number of days (ranging from 15 days to 1 month) of last drawn salary depending upon the tenure of service for each year of completed service, subject to minimum service of fi ve years payable at the time of separation upon superannuation or on exit otherwise.

B. In respect of defi ned Contribution Schemes:

(a) As required under Guidance Note on Implementation of Accounting Standard-15 (Revised) issued by the ICAI in respect of exempted Provident Fund, the Company has carried out actuarial valuation to ascertain shortfall in interest, if any, payable to the members of Provident Fund, and has made appropriate provision in the books. The Company contributes 12% of salary for all eligible employees towards Provident Fund managed either by approved trusts or by the Central Government. The amount debited to the Statement of Profi t and Loss during the year was Rs. 70.90 crore (Previous year Rs. 62.56 crore). In view of the typical nature of such Provident Fund scheme involving defi ned benefit underpin in respect of interest payable to members as declared by the Employees'' Provident Fund Organisation, the defi ned benefit obligation relating to interest shortfall is considered to be Other Long-Term Employee benefits.

(b) The Company contributes a certain percentage of salary for all eligible employees in the managerial cadre towards Superannuation Funds managed by approved trusts or by Life Insurance Corporation of India. The amount debited to the Statement of Profi t and Loss during the year was Rs. 13.05 crore (Previous year Rs. 12.52 crore).

13 Derivative Financial Instruments:

(a) The Company has adopted Accounting Standard-30, "Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement", issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India so far as it relates to derivative accounting.

(b) In the ordinary course of business, the Company is exposed to risks resulting from changes in prices of commodity, exchange rate fl uctuation and interest rate movements. It manages its exposure to these risks through derivative financial instruments. It uses derivative instruments such as forwards, futures, swaps and options to manage these risks. These derivative financial instruments reduce the impact of both favourable and unfavourable fl uctuations. Except where noted, the derivative contracts are marked- to-market (MTM) and the related gains and losses are included in the Statement of Profi t and Loss in the current accounting period.

The Company''s risk management activities are subject to the management, direction and control of Risk Management Board (RMB). The RMB is composed of two directors including Managing Director, Chief Financial Officer and other offi cers and employees selected by the Managing Director. The RMB reports to the Board of Directors on the scope of its activities.

The decision of whether and when to execute derivative financial instruments along with its tenure can vary from period to period depending on market conditions and the relative costs of the instruments. The tenure is always linked to the timing of the underlying exposure, with the connection between the two being regularly monitored. The Company is exposed to losses in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to the derivative contracts. All derivative contracts are executed with counterparties that, in our judgment, are creditworthy. The credit levels are reviewed to ensure that there is not an inappropriate concentration of outstanding to any particular counterparty.

Commodity Price Risk

Copper and Precious Metals

This business is conducted under a conversion model. The prices of input and output are derived from the same benchmark and/or are linked to each other through a defi ned formula. The objective of risk management is to attempt to use derivatives to match the price fl uctuations arising out of the timing mismatch in pricing the input and output so as to ''pass through'' the change in input cost to customers to make the margins immune to the fl uctuations in prices of the input and output.

Aluminium

This business is vertically integrated. The main raw material, viz., bauxite (mostly mined from own mines) and other purchased raw materials do not have any linkage with the output price which is Aluminium LME prices. When the prices of input(s) and output(s) do not follow the above condition, then the risk management attempts to use derivatives so as to protect the margins from adverse movements in prices on either side, i.e., from a rise in input cost or from a fall in output price.

As a condition of sale, customers often require the Company to enter into fi xed price commitments. These commitments expose the Company to the risk of fl uctuating aluminum prices between the time the order is committed and the time that the material is shipped. The Company may enter into derivative financial instruments to mitigate the risk arising out of the fi xed price commitments. Consequently, the gain or loss resulting from movements in the price of aluminum on these contracts would generally be offset by an equal and opposite impact on the net sales and purchases being hedged.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Exchange rate movements, particularly the United States Dollar (USD) and Euro (EUR) against Indian Rupee (INR), have an impact on our operating results. In addition to the foreign exchange fl ow from exports, the commodity prices in the domestic market are derived based on the landed cost of imports in India where LME prices and USD/INR exchange rate are the main factors. In case of conversion business, the objective is to match the exchange rate of outfl ows and related infl ows through derivative financial instruments. With respect to Aluminium business, where costs are predominantly in INR, the strengthening of INR against USD adversely affects the profitability of the business and benefits when INR depreciates against USD. The Company enters into various foreign exchange contracts to protect profi tability. The Company also enters into various foreign exchange contracts to mitigate the risk arising out of foreign currency exchange rate movement in foreign currency contracts executed with foreign suppliers to procure capital items for its project activities.

Embedded Derivatives

Copper concentrate is purchased on future pricing model based on month''s average LME (in case of copper)/LBMA (in case of gold and silver). Since the value of the concentrate changes with response to change in commodity pricing indices, embedded derivatives (ED) are identifi ed and segregated in the contract. The ED so segregated is treated like commodity derivative and qualify for hedge accounting. These derivatives are put into a Fair Value hedge relationship with inventory.

The objective of hedge designation of the embedded commodity derivative is to offset the volatility in the Statement of Profi t and Loss due to change in value of un-priced inventory with response to LME/LBMA.

14. Contingent Liabilities and Commitments:

(Rs. Crore)

As at 31/03/2014 31/03/2013

A. Contingent Liabilities

(a) Claims against the Company not acknowledged as debt:

Following demands are disputed by the Company and are not provided for:

(i) Demand notice by Asstt. Collector, Central Excise, Mirzapur, for excise duty on power generated by the Company''s captive power plant, Renusagar Power Company Limited (Since amalgamated). - 9.12 *Favourable judgment has been received from the Hon''ble Delhi High Court.

(ii) Demand of interest on past dues of the Aluminium Regulation Account up to 31st December, 1987. 6.33 6.33 * The demand is in dispute with the Controller of Aluminium Regulation Account.

(iii) Retrospective Revision of Water Rates by UP Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited (April 1989 to June 1993 and January 2000 to January 2001). 4.08 4.08 * Write petition pending with Lucknow Bench of Allahabad High Court. The demand for arrears stayed vide order dated 11/05/2001.

(iv) Transit fees levied by Divisional Forest officer, Renukoot, on Coal and Bauxite. 106.65 134.38

* Appeal pending with the Hon''ble High Court of Allahabad, and payment of Transit Fee has been stayed. According to the legal opinion received by the Company, the Forest Department has no authority to levy such fees. The Company has fi led a transfer application before the Hon''ble Supreme Court. The Hon''ble Supreme Court of India on while issuing notice on our Transfer Petition stayed the further proceedings of the Company''s Writ Petition pending before the Hon''ble Allahabad High Court.

(v) M.P. Transit Fee on Coal demanded by Northern Coal Fields Limited. 23.77 23.43

* The Company had challenged the demand towards MP Transit Fee on Coal and fi led Writ Petition before the Hon''ble Jabalpur High Court. The Hon''ble High Court has struck down the levy and also ordered for refund of the amount paid under protest. The State government has fi led an Appeal against the order of the Hon''ble Supreme Court of India, and the Hon''ble High Court''s order has been stayed. The Counter affi davit in the matter has been fi led. The rejoinder has also been fi led by the state. To be listed along with the similar matter before the Supreme Court of India.

(vi) Imposition of Cess on Coal by Shaktinagar Special Area Development Authority. 11.17 9.38

* The Writ pending before Allahabad High Court, Allahabad. Demand and levy stayed. However, the Company has moved a transfer petition before the Hon''ble Supreme Court for tagging the matter with CA No. 1883 of 06 (ORISED Matter). The matter is tagged with ORISED and to be heard by the Nine Judges Bench of the Hon''ble Supreme Court.

(vii) Demand of Royalty on Vanadium by District Mining Officer, Lohardaga. 7.96 8.44

* Appeal is pending with the Hon''ble High Court of Allahabad. The demand has been stayed on certain conditions.

(viii) The demand of Excise Duty on gold. 155.31 155.31

* Part of the demand was confirmed, against which our ROM request is pending at CESTAT. Department''s appeal is pending before the Hon''ble Supreme Court for the part of the demand and penalty that was dropped.

(ix) Tax under MPGATSVA, 2005 @ 5% on basic price of coal, w.e.f. 30th September, 2005 by M.P. State Government. - 60.76

* Liability provided in the books of account.

(x) Demand raised on the assessment for entry tax with retrospective effect from the period November 1999 to till date. - 271.96

* Liability provided in the books of account.

(xi) Demand raised on assessment under CST Act and UP Sales Tax Act. 6.39 6.39

* Demand has been quashed at fi rst appeal and second appeal stage. However, Dept. has gone in the revision before the Hon''ble High Court. Allahabad.

(xii) Revision of surface rent on land by the Government of Jharkhand, w.e.f. 16th June, 2005. 26.18 22.56

* Matter is in dispute at the Hon''ble High Court of Jharkhand.

(xiii) Demand made by Nayab Tehsildar Kusmi/ Collector under Chhattisgarh as per Adhosanrachna Vikas evam Parayavaran Upkar Adhiniyam, 2005 @ 5% as environment tax on royalty plus 5% as development tax. 6.60 5.55

* The Writ petition, which has been fi led by the Company before the Hon''ble High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur, has been transferred to the Hon''ble Supreme Court and tagged with other Civil Appeals.

(xiv) Service tax paid on Goods Transport Agency and Business Auxiliary Services. 11.27 11.27

* Commissioner has confirmed the demand. Appeal is being filed at CESTAT New Delhi.

(xv) M.P. Transit Fee on Bauxite. 1.30 1.30

Company has fi led Writ Petition before the Hon''ble Jabalpur High Court. The Hon''ble High Court has struck down the levy and also ordered for refund of the amount paid under protest. The State government has fi led an appeal against the order of the Hon''ble High court.

(xvi) Demand for Entry Tax relating to valuation dispute of 2004-05 to 2005-06, for which appeals have been filed. 1.18 1.18

* Appeal has been fi led with Additional CCT, Sambalpur.

(xvii) CST demand on reopening of assessments for 1999-00 to 2003-04. 8.81 8.81

* Appeals have been fi led.

(xviii) Demand of penalty on excess CENVAT Credit taken. 1.09 1.09

* Appeal is pending with CESTAT, Mumbai.

(xix) Demand for Sales Tax u/s 15B for AYs 2001-02 and 2002-03. 7.96 7.96

* Appeal is pending with J.C. Appellate Authority, Baroda.

(xx) Service Tax on insurance policy attributable to Renusagar. 3.97 3.97

* Commissioner has confirmed the demand. Appeal is pending before the CESTAT, New Delhi.

(xxi) Disallowance of CENVAT credit. 5.29 5.29

* The matter is pending with CESTAT, Ahmedabad.

(xxii) Demand raised on assessment under CST Act and APGST Act for various years. 5.77 6.55

* Appeals have been fi led with appropriate authorities.

(xxiii) Demand for Service Tax on Consulting Engineer Services and Scientific & Tech Service. 3.84 3.84

* Appeal is pending with Commissioner (Appeals), Ahmedabad.

(xxiv) Excise Duty on Dross. 19.78 16.16

* Company has challenged the letter issued by Excise Department to pay Excise Duty on Dross before the Hon''ble Allahabad High Court.

(xxv) Alleged CENVAT taken without receipt of Alumina Hydrate inside the factory. 3.46 3.46

* Appeal fi les with Hon''ble CESTAT.

(xxvi) Alleged CENVAT availed on the Input services at captive Mines. 36.05 36.07

Appeal is pending with CESTAT.

(xxvii) CENVAT of Service Tax Credit availed on Supplementary Invoices. 3.12 3.12

* Pending with appropriate Authority.

(xxviii) Clearence of Silver at Nil Rate of Duty under Notification No. 5/2006. 8.96 8.96

* Appeal pending before CESTAT.

(xxix) Excess rebate has been sanctioned to the extent duty paid by supplementary invoices 5.08 7.65

* Appeal is pending with Commissioner of Customs (Appeals), Mumbai.

(xxx) Disallowance of CENVAT on input services. 6.79 5.40

* Pending with appropriate Authority.

(xxxi) Service Tax on reverse charge basis. - 31.10

* Since provided.

(xxxii) Parallel operation charges on capacity of Captive Power Plant by Madhya Pradesh Electricity Regulatory Commission. 7.05 -

* Matter is pending before the Hon''ble High Court of Madhya Pradesh at Jabalpur. The Hon''ble High Court passed an order on 20.9.2013 and stayed the operation of order passed by MPERC subject to deposit of 50% of the amount.

(xxxiii) Other Contingent Liabilities in respect of Excise, Customs, Sales Tax etc., each being for less than Rs. 1 crore. 15.51 13.33

* The demands are in dispute at various legal forums.

510.72 894.20

(b) Corporate Guarantees Outstandings 5,287.03 488.98

(Rs. 5,246.47 crore* (Previous year Rs. 448.42 crore) given on behalf of subsidiary companies)

* Includes Rs. 5,000 crore given to lender against loan provided to a subsidiary company, amount of loan outstanding as on 31st March 2014, is Rs. 4,950.

(c) Other money for which the Company is contingently liable:

i. Bills Discounted with Banks 3.53 -

ii. Customs Duty on Capital Goods and Raw Materials imported under EPCG Scheme/ Advance License, against which export obligation is to be fulfi lled (excluding cenvatable portion). 368.51 359.09

iii. The Company has received a notice dated 24th March, 2007, from Collector (Stamp), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, alleging that stamp duty of Rs. 252.96 crore is payable in view of order dated 18th November, 2002, of the Hon''ble High Court of Allahabad approving scheme of arrangement for merger of Copper business of Indo Gulf Corporation Limited with the Company. The Company is of the opinion that it has a very strong case as there is no substantive/computation provision for levy/calculation of stamp duty on court order approving scheme of arrangement under Companies Act, 1956, within the provisions of Uttar Pradesh Stamp Act. Moreover the properties in question are located in the State of Gujarat and thus the Collector (Stamp), Kanpur, has no territorial jurisdiction to make such a demand. It is pertinent to note that the Company in 2003-04 has already paid stamp duty which has been accepted as per the provisions of the Bombay Stamp Act 1958 with regard to transfer of shareholding of Indo Gulf Corporation Limited as per the Scheme of Arrangement. Furthermore, the demand made is on an incorrect assumption. The Company''s contention amongst the various other grounds made is that the demand is illegal, against the principles of natural justice, incorrect, bad in law and malafi de. The Company has fi led a writ petition before the Hon''ble High Court of Allahabad, inter alia, on the above said grounds, which is pending determination.

iv. Against the notifi cations issued by the State Electricity Regulatory Commissions of Uttar Pradesh, Odisha and Madhya Pradesh states under the provisions of Electricity Act, 2003, in respect of Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO), the Company has fi led writ petitions before the jurisdictional high courts on the ground, inter alia, that RPO cannot be made applicable to captive users and the High Court(s) at Allahabad, Cuttack and Jabalpur have granted stay on the applicability of the RPO. Further, the Company has received favorable order from the Appellate Authority and Uttar Pradesh Regulatory Commission on applicability of RPO to units with Co-generation facility. In view of pending writ petitions and favourable order obtained from Appellate Authority, no provision has been considered necessary at this stage.

v. The assessing offi cer, while framing the assessment for AYs 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010-11, has made adjustment, inter alia, amounting to Rs. 270.32 crore, Rs. 1,063.89 crore and Rs. 316.10 crore to total income of respective assessment years on account of purported arms'' length fee for corporate guarantee provided to foreign banks for granting loan to a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, viz., AV Minerals (Netherlands) N.V. The Company has fi led appeals against these orders. The Company has been advised that, considering the facts of the case, no provision is necessary for these adjustments.

B Commitments

Estimated amount of contracts remaining to be executed on capital

(a) account and not provided for net of advances 1,181.44 2,957.37

(b) The Company, along with Aditya Birla Nuvo Limited, Grasim Industries Limited and Birla TMT Holdings Pvt. Limited (the Sponsors), being promoters of Idea Cellular Limited (Idea), has given the following undertakings to the Facility Agent:

i. The Sponsors shall collectively continue to hold at least 33% of the equity capital of Idea till the end of FY 2015-16 and shall not, without prior written approval of the Facility Agent, divest, transfer, assign, dispose of, pledge, charge, create any lien or in any way encumber 33% of shareholdings in Idea. Consequent upon the infusion of fresh equity capital of Idea, if the Sponsors'' stake gets diluted from 40% to 33% in the equity capital of Idea, the Sponsors agree and undertake to obtain the prior consent of the Rupee Facility Agent and, in other circumstances, the Sponsors agree and undertake to obtain the prior consent of the secured lenders representing 51% of the aggregate outstanding secured loans.

ii. The Sponsors shall collectively continue to hold 26% of the equity capital of Idea after FY 2015-16 and shall not, without the prior written approval of the Rupee Facility Agent, divest, transfer, assign, dispose of, pledge, charge, create any lien or in any way encumber 26% shareholdings in the capital of Idea.

iii. Not without prior approval of the Facility Agent in writing divest shareholdings in the equity capital of Idea that may result in a single investor along with its affi liates holding more than 25% of the equity capital of Idea.

(c) As the Parent Company, Hindalco has given the following undertakings to the lenders of Utkal Alumina International Limited (UAIL), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.

i. To hold minimum 51% equity shares in UAIL.

ii. To ensure to meet the Financial Covenants, except Fixed Asset Coverage Ratio, as provided in the loan agreements.

15. Both the green field projects of the Company, viz., Aditya Aluminium and Mahan Aluminium, as well as the green field project of its wholly-owned subsidiary company, Utkal Alumina International Limited have started operations during the year and are in the process of ramp up.

16. Information related to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, as defi ned in the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 (MSME Development Act), are given below. The information given below have been determined to the extent such enterprises have been identifi ed on the basis of information available with the Company:

17. The Company is one of the promoter members of Aditya Birla Management Corporation Private Limited (ABMCPL), a Company limited by guarantee which has been formed to provide common facilities and resources to its members, with a view to optimize the benefits of specialization and minimize cost for each member. The Company is one of the participants in the common pool and shares the expenses incurred by ABMCPL and accounted for under appropriate heads.

18. Related Party Disclosures:

A. List of Related Parties:

(a) Enterprises where control exists: i. Subsidiaries:

1 Hindalco Guniea SARL

2 Minerals & Minerals Limited

3 Aditya Birla Chemicals (India) Limited

4 Utkal Alumina International Limited

5 Utkal Alumina Technical and General Services Limited

6 Suvas Holdings Limited

7 Renukeshwar Investments & Finance Limited

8 Renuka Investments & Finance Limited

9 Dahej Harbour and Infrastructure Limited

10 Lucknow Finance Company Limited

11 Hindalco-Almex Aerospace Limited

12 Hindalco do Brasil Indústria e Comércio de ALumina Ltda., (w.e.f. 1st August, 2013)

13 Tubed Coal Mines Limited

14 East Coast Bauxite Mining Company Private Limited

15 Mauda Energy Limited

16 Birla Resources Pty. Limited

17 Aditya Birla Minerals Limited

18 Birla Maroochydore Pty. Limited

19 Birla Nifty Pty. Limited

20 Birla Mt. Gordon Pty. Limited

21 A V Minerals (Netherlands) N.V.

22 A V Metals Inc.

23 Novelis Inc.

24 Novelis (India) Infotech Ltd.

25 Novelis No. 1 Limited Partnership

26 4260848 Canada Inc.

27 4260856 Canada Inc.

28 8018227 Canada Inc.

29 8018243 Canada Limited

30 Novelis Cast House Technology Ltd.

31 Novelis Corporation (Texas)

32 Aluminum Upstream Holdings LLC (Delaware)

33 Eurofoil Inc. (USA) (New York)

34 Logan Aluminium Inc. (Delaware)

35 Novelis Acquisitions LLC (Delaware)

36 Novelis Brand LLC (Delaware)

37 Novelis PAE Corporation

38 Novelis North America Holdings Inc.

39 Novelis South America Holdings LLC

40 Novelis Delaware LLC (Delaware)

41 ALBRASILIS - Aluminio do Brasil Industria e Comércio Ltda.

42 Novelis do Brasil Ltda.

43 Novelis Laminés France SAS

44 Novelis PAE SAS

45 Novelis Aluminium Beteiligungs GmbH

46 Novelis Deutschland GmbH

47 Novelis Sheet Ingot GmbH

48 Novelis Aluminium Holding Company

49 Novelis Italia SpA

50 Al Dotcom Sdn Berhad

51 Alcom Nikkei Specialty Coatings Sdn Berhad

52 Aluminum Company of Malaysia Berhad

53 Novelis de Mexico S.A. de C.V.

54 Novelis Madeira, Unipessoal, Limited

55 Novelis Korea Limited

56 Novelis AG

57 Novelis Switzerland SA

58 Novelis UK Ltd.

59 Novelis Europe Holdings Limited

60 Novelis Services Limited

61 Novelis (Shanghai) Aluminum Trading Co., Ltd.

62 Novelis (China) Aluminum Products Co., Ltd.

63 Novelis MEA Ltd. (Dubai)

64 Novelis Vietnam Company Limited

65 Novelis Asia Holdings (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., w.e.f. 5th December, 2013 (b) Other Related Parties:

i. Associates:

1 Aditya Birla Science and Technology Company Limited

2 Idea Cellular Limited

3 Aluminum Norf GmbH

4 Consorcio Candonga

5 Deutsche Alumnum Verpackung Recycling GmbH

6 France Aluminum Recyclage SA ii. Joint Ventures:

1 Mahan Coal Limited

2 Hydromine Global Minerals (GmbH) Limited

3 MNH Shakti Limited iii. Trust of the Company:

1 Trident Trust

iv. Key Managerial Personnel:

Mr. D. Bhattacharya - Managing Director

Mr. Satish Pai - Deputy Managing Director (w.e.f. 13th August, 2013)

19. Previous year''s figures have been reclassified/regrouped to conform to this year''s classification.


Mar 31, 2013

1. Impairment Loss/(Reversal) (Net):

Certain assets of copper business have been impaired as a result of uneconomical operation. Accordingly, an amount of Rs. 17.25 crore (Previous year Rs. Nil) has been recorded as impairment loss during the year.

2. Segment Reporting

A. Primary Segment Reporting (by Business Segment):

(a) The Company has two reportable segments viz. Aluminium and Copper which have been identified in line with the Accounting Standard 17 on Segment Reporting, taking into account the organizational structure as well as differential risk and return of these segments. Details of products included in each segments are as under:

(i) Aluminium : Hydrate & Alumina, Aluminium and Aluminium Product

(ii) Copper : Continuous Cast Copper Rods, Copper Cathode, Sulphuric Acid, DAP & Complexes, Gold and Silver

(b) Inter-segment transfers are based on market rates.

(c) The details of the revenue, results, assets, liabilities and other information from operations by reportable business segments are under:

B. Secondary Segment Reporting (by Geographical demarcation):

(a) The secondary segment is based on geographical demarcation i.e. India and Rest of the World.

(b) The Company''s revenue from external customers and information about its assets and others by geographical location are as under:

3. The Company had formulated a scheme of financial restructuring under Sections 391 to 394 of the Companies Act 1956 ("the Scheme") between the Company and its equity shareholders approved by the High Court of judicature of Bombay to deal with various costs associated with its organic and inorganic growth plan. Pursuant to this, a separate reserve account titled as Business Reconstruction Reserve ("BRR") was created during the year 2008-09 by transferring balance standing to the credit of Securities Premium Account of the Company for adjustment of certain expenses as prescribed in the Scheme. Accordingly, the Company has transferred Rs. 8,647.37 crore from Securities Premium Account to BRR and so far Rs. 66.98 crore adjusted against BRR.

4. For the year ended 31st March, 2013, the Board of Directors of the Company have recommended dividend of Rs. 1.40 per share (Previous year Rs. 1.55 per share) to equity shareholders aggregating to Rs. 313.60 crore (Previous year Rs. 344.89 crore) including Dividend Distribution Tax.

5. Share Based Payment Employee stock option scheme

The shareholders of the Company has approved on 23rd January, 2007 an Employee Stock Option Scheme ("ESOS 2006"), formulated by the Company, under which the Company may issue 3,475,000 options to its permanent employees in the management cadre, in one or more tranches, whether working in India or out of India, including the Whole lime Directors of the Company. The shareholders have also approved giving discount up to 30% of the average price of the equity shares of the Company in the immediate preceding seven day period on the stock exchange. The ESOS 2006 is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). Each option when exercised would be converted into one fully paid-up equity share of Rs. 1/- each of the Company. The options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after one year of the grant. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting. Further, forfeited/expired options are available to the Committee for grant. These options do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, on 23rd September, 2011 the ESOS 2006 has been partially modified by which the Company may now issue 6,475,000 options.

However, under the ESOS 2006, so far the Committee has granted 3,545,550 options (Previous year 3,545,550 options) to its eligible employees in three tranches out of which 880,145 options (Previous year 706,901 options) have been forfeited/expired and are available to the Committee for grant as per term of the Scheme.

The compensation cost of stock options granted to employees have been accounted by the Company using the intrinsic value method. Accordingly, Employee benefits expenses includes Rs. 0.27 crore (Previous year Rs. 1.29 crore) being the amortization of intrinsic value for the year ending 31st March, 2013.

6. Operating Lease

The total of future minimum lease payment commitments under non-cancellable operating lease agreement for a period of twenty years expiring in 2022 to use railway tracks along with locomotives for transportation of materials are as under:

7 Derivative Financial Instruments

(a) The Company has adopted Accounting Standard 30, "Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement" issued by The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India so far as it relates to derivative accounting.

(b) In the ordinary course of business, the Company is exposed to risks resulting from changes in prices of commodity, exchange rate fluctuation and interest rate movements. It manages its exposure to these risks through derivative financial instruments. It uses derivative instruments such as forwards, futures, swaps and options to manage these risks. These derivative financial instruments reduce the impact of both favourable and unfavourable fluctuations. Except where noted, the derivative contracts are marked- to-market (MTM) and the related gains and losses are included in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the current accounting period.

The Company''s risk management activities are subject to the management, direction and control of Risk Management Board (RMB). The RMB is composed of two directors including Managing Director, Chief Financial Officer and other officers and employees selected by the Managing Director. The RMB reports to the Board of Directors on the scope of its activities.

The decision of whether and when to execute derivative financial instruments along with its tenure can vary from period to period depending on market conditions and the relative costs of the instruments. The tenure is always linked to the timing of the underlying exposure, with the connection between the two being regularly monitored. The Company is exposed to losses in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to the derivative contracts. All derivative contracts are executed with counterparties that, in our judgment, are creditworthy. The credit levels are reviewed to ensure that there is not an inappropriate concentration of outstanding to any particular counterparty.

Commodity Price Risk Copper and Precious Metals

This business is conducted under a conversion model. The prices of input and output are derived from the same benchmark and/or are linked to each other through a defined formula. The objective of risk management is to attempt to use derivatives to match the price fluctuations arising out of the timing mismatch in pricing the input and output so as to ''pass through'' the change in input cost to customers to make the margins immune to the fluctuations in prices of the input and output.

Aluminium

This business is vertically integrated. The main raw material viz. bauxite (mostly mined from own mines) and other purchased raw materials do not have any linkage with the output price which is Aluminium LME prices. When the prices of input(s) and output(s) do not follow the above condition, then risk management attempts to use derivatives so as to protect the margins from adverse movements in prices on either side, i.e. from a rise in input cost or from a fall in output price.

As a condition of sale, customers often require the Company to enter into fixed price commitments. These commitments expose the Company to the risk of fluctuating aluminum prices between the time the order is committed and the time that the material is shipped. The Company may enter into derivative financial instruments to mitigate the risk arising out of the fixed price commitments. Consequently, the gain or loss resulting from movements in the price of aluminum on these contracts would generally be offset by an equal and opposite impact on the net sales and purchases being hedged.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Exchange rate movements, particularly the United States Dollar (USD) and Euro (EUR) against Indian Rupee (INR), have an impact on our operating results. In addition to the foreign exchange flow from exports, the commodity prices in the domestic market are derived based on the landed cost of imports in India where LME prices and USD/INR exchange rate are the main factors. In case of conversion business, the objective is to match the exchange rate of outflows and related inflows through derivative financial instruments. With respect to Aluminium business where costs are predominantly in INR, the strengthening of INR against USD adversely affects the profitability of the business and benefits when INR depreciates against USD. The company enters into various foreign exchange contracts to protect profitability. The Company also enters into various foreign exchange contracts to mitigate the risk arising out of foreign currency exchange rate movement in foreign currency contracts executed with foreign suppliers to procure capital items for its project activities.

Embedded derivatives

Copper concentrate is purchased on future pricing model based on month''s average LME (in case of copper) / LBMA (in case of gold and silver). Since the value of the concentrate changes with response to change in commodity pricing indices, embedded derivatives (ED) is identified and segregated in the contract. The ED so segregated, is treated like commodity derivative and qualify for hedge accounting. These derivatives are put into a Fair Value hedge relationship with inventory.

The objective of hedge designation of the embedded commodity derivative is to offset the volatility in the Statement of Profit and Loss due to change in value of un-priced inventory with response to LME / LBMA.

8. Information related to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, as defined in the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 (MSME Development Act), are given below. The information given below have been determined to the extent such enterprises have been identified on the basis of information available with the Company:

9. The Company is one of the promoter members of Aditya Birla Management Corporation Private Limited (ABMCPL), a Company limited by guarantee which has been formed to provide common facilities and resources to its members, with a view to optimize the benefits of specialization and minimize cost for each member. The Company is one of the participants in the common pool and shares the expenses incurred by ABMCPL and accounted for under appropriate heads.

10. Related Party Disclosures:

A List of Related Parties:

(a) Enterprises where control exists:

i. Subsidiaries:

1 Hindalco Guinea SARL

2 Minerals & Minerals Limited

3 Aditya Birla Chemicals (India) Limited

4 Utkal Alumina International Limited

5 Suvas Holdings Limited

6 Renukeshwar Investments & Finance Limited

7 Renuka Investments & Finance Limited

8 Dahej Harbour and Infrastructure Limited

9 Lucknow Finance Company Limited

10 Hindalco-Almex Aerospace Limited

11 HAAL USA Inc. (dissovled w.e.f. 23rd April 2012)

12 Tubed Coal Mines Limited

13 East Coast Bauxite Mining Company Private Limited

14 Mauda Energy Limited

15 Birla Resources Pty Limited

16 Aditya Birla Minerals Limited

17 Birla Maroochydore Pty Limited

18 Birla Nifty Pty Limited

19 Birla Mt. Gordon Pty Limited

20 AV Minerals (Netherlands) B.V.

21 AV Metals Inc.

22 Novelis MEA Ltd (Dubai)

23 Novelis Inc.

24 Albrasilis - Aluminio do Brazil Industria e Comercia Ltda

25 Novelis do Brasil Ltda.

26 4260848 Canada Inc.

27 4260856 Canada Inc.

28 Novelis Cast House Technology Ltd.

29 Novelis No. 1 Limited Partnership

30 Novelis Sheet Ingot GmbH

31 Novelis Lamines France SAS

32 Novelis PAE SAS

33 Novelis Aluminum Beteiligungs GmbH

34 Novelis Deutschland GmbH

35 Novelis Aluminum Holding Company

36 Novelis Italia SpA

37 Novelis (Shanghai) Aluminum Trading Company

38 Aluminum Company of Malaysia Berhad

39 Alcom Nikkei Specialty Coatings Sdn Berhad

40 Al Dotcom Sdn Berhad #

41 Novelis (India) Infotech Ltd.

42 Novelis de Mexico SA de CV

43 Novelis Korea Ltd.

44 Novelis AG

45 Novelis Switzerland SA

46 Novelis Europe Holdings Limited

47 Novelis UK Ltd.

48 Aluminum Upstream Holdings LLC (Delaware)

49 Eurofoil, Inc. (USA) (New York)

50 Logan Aluminum Inc. (Delaware)

51 Novelis Corporation (Texas)

52 Novelis Madeira, Unipessoal, Limited

53 Novelis Services Limited

54 Novelis Brand LLC (Delaware)

55 Novelis PAE Corp (Delaware)

56 Novelis South America Holdings LLC

57 Novelis (China) Aluminum Products Company Ltd.

58 8018227 Canada Inc.

59 8018243 Canada Limited

60 Novelis Acquisitions LLC (Delaware)

61 Novelis North America Holdings Inc. (Delaware)

62 Novelis Delaware LLC (Delaware)

63 Novelis Vietnam Company Ltd.

(b) Other Related Parties:

i. Associates:

1 Aditya Birla Science and Technology Company Limited

2 Idea Cellular Limited

3 Aluminum Norf GmbH

4 Consorcio Candonga

5 MiniMRF LLC (Delaware)

6 Deutsche Aluminum Verpackung Recycling GmbH

7 France Aluminum Recyclage SA

ii. Joint Ventures:

1 Mahan Coal Limited

2 Hydromine Global Minerals (GMBH) Limited

iii. Trust of the Company:

1 Trident Trust

iv. Key Managerial Personnel:

Mr. D. Bhattacharya - Managing Director

11. Previous year figures have been reclassified/regrouped to conform to this year''s classification.


Mar 31, 2012

(a) Rights, preferences and restrictions attached to Equity Shares:

The Company has one class of equity shares having a par value of Rs. 1/- per share. Each shareholder is eligible for one vote per share held. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting, except in case of interim dividend. In the event of liquidation, the equity shareholders are eligible to receive the remaining assets of the Company after distribution of all preferential amounts, in proportion to their shareholding.

(b) Shares reserved for issue under options:

The Company has reserved equity shares for issue under the Employee Stock Option Scheme. The Company has also reserved equity shares for issue against warrants allotted on preferential basis to the Promoter Group.

Please refer Note 38 on "Share Based Payment" for details of Employee Stock Option Scheme and Note 4 on "Money received against Share Warrants" for details of share warrants allotted to the Promoter Group.

(i) During the year ended 31st March, 2009, the Company has allotted 376 Equity Shares of Rs. 1/- each and 2,032,734 6% Redeemable Cumulative Preference Shares of Rs. 2/- each fully paid-up to the shareholders of erstwhile Indian Aluminium Company, Limited pursuant to a Scheme of Amalgamation without payment being received in cash. However, 2,032,734 6% Redeemable Cumulative Preference Shares, allotted as above, has been redeemed on 1st April, 2009.

1. Money received against Share Warrants:

During the year, the Company has allotted 150,000,000 warrants on a preferential basis to the Promoter Group on 22nd March, 2012 entitling them to apply for and obtain allotment of one equity share of Rs. 1 /- each fully paid-up at a price of Rs. 144.35 per share against each such warrant at any time after the date of allotment but on or before the expiry of 18 months from the date of allotment in one or more tranches. The Company has received Rs. 541.31 crore being 25% against these warrants. The entire amount so received is being utilised for various greenfield and brownfield projects expenditure.

(a) Term Loans from Banks Rs. 5,142.99 crore (Previous year Rs. 5,142.99 crore) is secured by the first ranking pari-passu charge on all immovable properties (except greenfield projects i.e. Mahan Aluminium Project, Aditya Aluminium Project, and Aluminium project in the state of Jharkhand) of the company both present and future, and hypothecation of all movable assets (except book debt & current assets and movable assets of greenfield projects) both present and future of the Company. This loan carries interest at the rate of IDBI Bank's base rate plus 1.25%.

As per original loan agreement Rs. 2,146.66 crore, Rs. 2571.49 crore and Rs. 424.84 crore are repayable in FY14, FY15 and FY16, respectively. However, in exercise of its prepayment option without payment of any fees or penalty, the Company has served a notice on all lenders to prepay this loan on June 29, 2012.

(b) Term Loans from Banks Rs. 5,890.77 crore (Previous year Rs. Nil) and from other parties Rs. 78.35 crore (Previous year Rs. Nil) are secured by a first ranking charge / mortgage/ security interest in respect of all the immovable and movable properties and assets and all intangible assets for the Mahan Aluminium Project, both present and future, except Current Assets, Cash and investments and a second ranking charge / mortgage/ security interest, in respect of the Current Assets and Cash.

Above loans carries interest at the rate of State Bank of India's base rate plus 1.75% and is repayable in 42 quarterly instalments commencing from September 30, 2013 and ending on December 31, 2023. The repayment in each financial year in percentage is 4.25, 7.75, 9, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10.75, 11 and 8.25 of the loan amount.

Post Commercial Operation Date of the Mahan Project, the Company will have an option to prepay all or any portion of this Loan, without payment of Prepayment Penalty within 15 (fifteen) days after any annual Margin Reset Date.

(c) Deferred Payment Liabilities represent sales tax deferral which is payable in yearly instalment by FY 2018.

(a) Cash Credit, Export Credit etc. granted under the Consortium Lending Arrangement are secured by a first pari passu charge in the form of hypothecation of the entire stocks of raw materials, work-in- process, finished goods, consumable stores & spares and book debts pertaining to the Company's Aluminium business. Working Capital Loan of State Bank of India for the Copper business is secured by a first charge by way of hypothecation of stocks of raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods and consumable stores & spares of Copper business, both present and future, and second charge on the immovable properties of the Copper business.

(b) Payable under Trade Financing Arrangements comprise of unsecured credit availed from Banks for payment to suppliers for raw materials purchased by the Company. The arrangements are interest- bearing and are normally payable within 180 days.

(b) Although the book/market value of certain investments (amount not ascertained) is lower than cost, considering the strategic and long term nature of the investments and asset base of the investee companies, in the opinion of the management such decline is temporary in nature and no provision is necessary for the same.

(i) Sales of Continuous Cast Copper Rod and Copper Cathode are accounted for provisionally, pending finalization of price. Variations are accounted for in the year of settlement. Final price receivable from sale of Copper for which quotational price was not finalized in previous year, were realigned at year end rate based on LME Rate and additional Sale of Rs. 8.86 crore (Previous year reversal of sales of Rs. 4.99 crore) were accounted for. During the Year final price was settled at Rs. 13.20 crore (Previous year Rs. 13.35 crore) and further sales of Rs. 4.33 crore (Previous year credit for further sales 7 8.36 crore) was taken into account. As on 31st March, 2012, sale of Copper, Gold, Silver and Anode Slime amounting to Rs.737.22 crore (Previous year Rs. 649.40 crore) pending for price finalization were realigned at year-end rate of LME and reversal of sales of Rs. 8.21 crore (Previous year additional sales Rs. 8.86 crore) was accounted for. Actual inflow or outflow is expected on finalization of price.

(ii) Include sales of DAP including nutrient based subsidy of P&K Rs. 421.97 crore (Previous year Rs. 367.98 crore).

2. For the year ended 31st March, 2012, the Board of Directors of the Company have recommended dividend of Rs. 1.55 per share (Previous year Rs. 1.50 per share) to equity shareholders aggregating to Rs. 344.89 crore (Previous year Rs. 333.75 crore) including Dividend Distribution Tax.

3. Segment Reporting

A Primary Segment Reporting (by Business Segment):

(a) The Company has two reportable segments viz. Aluminium and Copper which have been identified in line with the Accounting Standard 17 on Segment Reporting, taking into account the organizational structure as well as differential risk and return of these segments. Details of products included in each segments are as under:

(i) Aluminium : Hydrate & Alumina, Aluminium and Aluminium Product.

(ii) Copper : Continuous Cast Copper Rods, Copper Cathode, Sulphuric Acid, DAP & Complexes, Gold and Silver.

(b) Inter-segment transfers are based on market rates.

4. Share Based Payment

Employee Stock Option Scheme

The shareholders of the Company has approved on 23rd January, 2007 an Employee Stock Option Scheme ("ESOS 2006"), formulated by the Company, under which the Company may issue 3,475,000 options to its permanent employees in the management cadre, in one or more tranches, whether working in India or out of India, including the Whole Time Directors of the Company. The shareholders have also approved giving discount upto 30% of the average price of the equity shares of the Company in the immediate preceding seven day period on the stock exchange. The ESOS 2006 is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). Each option when exercised would be converted into one fully paid-up equity share of Rs. 1/- each of the Company. The options will vest in 4 equal annual instalments after one year of the grant. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting. Further, forfeited/ lapsed options are available to the Committee for grant. These options do not carry rights to dividends or voting rights till the date of exercise. Further, on 23rd September, 2011 the ESOS 2006 has been partially modified by which the Company may now issue 6,475,000 options.

However, under the ESOS 2006, so far the Committee has granted 3,545,550 options to its eligible employees in three tranches out of which 706,901 options have been forfeited/ lapsed and are available to the Committee for grant as per term of the Scheme.

The compensation cost of stock options granted to employees have been accounted by the Company using the intrinsic value method. Accordingly, Employee benefits expenses includes Rs. 1.29 crore (Previous year Rs. 1.34 crore) being the amortization of intrinsic value for the year ending 31st March, 2012.

The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of stock options exercised during the year ended 31st March, 2012 and 31st March, 2011 was Rs. 149.92 and Rs. 206.45 respectively.

Fair Valuation:

At grant date, the estimated fair value of stock options granted in Tranche I, Tranche II and Tranche III under ESOS 2006 was Rs. 65.78, Rs. 57.11 and Rs. 102.96 respectively. The fair valuation of stock options have been done by an independent valuer using Black and Scholes Model. For fair valuation, expected volatility is based on the historical share price volatility over the past 5 years. The details of stock options granted and the key assumptions taken into account for fair valuation are as under:

5. The Company had formulated a scheme of financial restructuring under Sections 391 to 394 of the Companies Act 1956 ("the Scheme") between the Company and its equity shareholders approved by the High Court of Judicature of Bombay to deal with various costs associated with its organic and inorganic growth plan.

Pursuant to this, a separate reserve account titled as Business Reconstruction Reserve ("BRR") was created during the year 2008-09 by transferring balance standing to the credit of Securities Premium Account of the Company for adjustment of certain expenses as prescribed in the Scheme. Accordingly, the Company has transferred Rs. 8,647.37 crore from Securities Premium Account to BRR and so far Rs. 66.98 crore adjusted against BRR.

6. The Company has terminated Joint Venture with Almex USA Inc. ("Almex") on 10th August, 2011 and Almex has sold 8,011,000 equity shares of Hindalco-Almex Aerospace Limited ("HAAL") to the Company. HAAL has further issued 133,745,744 equity shares of Rs. 10/- each to the Company towards advance of Rs. 110.19 crore, conversion of unsecured loan Rs. 21.00 crore and interest accrued thereon amounting to Rs. 2.56 crore on 12th September, 2011. Consequently, the Company holds 97.18% of shares in the HAAL and the balance 2.82% is held by Almex.

7. The Company has received a net amount of Rs. 69.81 crore on 9th February, 2012 from its wholly owned subsidiary A V Minerals (Netherlands) B. V. towards return of capital by reducing nominal value of shares from EURO 778.20 to EURO 773.24 per share. The said amount has been adjusted in carrying cost of investment and the foreign exchange gain of Rs. 2.95 crore on this transaction has been netted off from Miscellaneous Expenses under Other Expenses.

The Company has various schemes (funded/unfunded) for payment of gratuity to all eligible employees calculated at specified number of days (ranging from 15 days to 1 month) of last drawn salary depending upon the tenure of service for each year of completed service subject to minimum service of five years payable at the time of separation upon superannuation or on exit otherwise.

B. In respect of defined Contribution Schemes:

(a) As required under Guidance Note on Implementation of Accounting Standard 15 (revised! issued by the ICAI in respect of exempted Provident Fund, the Company has ascertained shortfall in interest payable to the members of Provident Fund based on actuarial valuation and made appropriate provision in the books. The Company contributes 12% of salary for all eligible employees towards Provident Fund managed either by approved trusts or by the Central Government. The amount debited to statement of profit and loss during the year was Rs. 58.30 crore (previous year Rs. 55.00 crore). In view of typical nature of such Provident fund scheme involving defined benefit underpin in respect of interest payable to members as declared by The Employees Provident Fund Organisation, the defined benefit obligation relating to interest shortfall is considered to be Other Long Term Employee Benefits.

(b) The Company contributes a certain percentage of salary for all eligible employees in managerial cadre towards Superannuation Funds managed by approved trusts or by Life Insurance Corporation of India. The amount debited to Statement of Profit and Loss during the year was Rs. 11.92 crore (previous year Rs. 10.41 crore).

8. Derivative Financial Instruments

(a) The Company has adopted Accounting Standard 30, "Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement" issued by The institute of Chartered Accountants of India so far as it relates to derivative accounting.

(b) In the ordinary course of business, the Company is exposed to risks resulting from changes in prices of commodity, exchange rate fluctuation and interest rate movements. It manages its exposure to these risks through derivative financial instruments. It uses derivative instruments such as forwards, futures, swaps and options to manage these risks. These derivative financial instruments reduce the impact of both favourable and unfavourable fluctuations. Except where noted, the derivative contracts are marked- to-market (MTM) and the related gains and losses are included in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the current accounting period.

The Company's risk management activities are subject to the management, direction and control of Risk Management Board (RMB). The RMB is composed of two directors including Managing Director, Chief Financial Officer and other officers and employees selected by the Managing Director. The RMB reports to the Board of Directors on the scope of its activities.

The decision of whether and when to execute derivative financial instruments along with its tenure can vary from period to period depending on market conditions and the relative costs of the instruments. The tenure is always linked to the timing of the underlying exposure, with the connection between the two being regularly monitored. The Company is exposed to losses in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to the derivative contracts. All derivative contracts are executed with counterparties that, in our judgment, are creditworthy. The credit levels are reviewed to ensure that there is not an inappropriate concentration of outstanding to any particular counterparty.

Commodity Price Risk

Copper and Precious Metals

This business is conducted under a conversion model. The prices of input and output are derived from the same benchmark and/or are linked to each other through a defined formula. The objective of risk management is to attempt to use derivatives to match the price fluctuations arising out of the timing mismatch in pricing the input and output so as to 'pass through' the change in input cost to customers to make the margins immune to the fluctuations in prices of the input and output.

Aluminium

This business is vertically integrated. The main raw material viz. bauxite (mostly mined from own mines) and other purchased raw materials do not have any linkage with the output price which is Aluminium LME prices. When the prices of input(s) and output(s) do not follow the above condition, then risk management attempts to use derivatives so as to protect the margins from adverse movements in prices on either side, i.e. from a rise in input cost or from a fall in output price.

As a condition of sale, customers often require the Company to enter into fixed price commitments. These commitments expose the Company to the risk of fluctuating aluminum prices between the time the order is committed and the time that the material is shipped. The Company may enter into derivative financial instruments to mitigate the risk arising out of the fixed price commitments. Consequently, the gain or loss resulting from movements in the price of aluminum on these contracts would generally be offset by an equal and opposite impact on the net sales and purchases being hedged.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Exchange rate movements, particularly the United States Dollar (USD) and Euro (EUR) against Indian Rupee (INR), have an impact on operating results. In addition to the foreign exchange flow from exports, the commodity prices in the domestic market are derived based on the landed cost of imports in India where LME prices and USD/INR exchange rate are the main factors. In case of conversion business, the objective is to match the exchange rate of outflows and related inflows through derivative financial instruments. With respect to Aluminium business where costs are predominantly in INR, the strengthening of INR against USD adversely affects the profitability of the business and benefits when INR depreciates against USD. The Company enters into various foreign exchange contracts to protect profitability. The Company also enters into various foreign exchange contracts to mitigate the risk arising out of foreign currency exchange rate movement in foreign currency contracts executed with foreign suppliers to procure capital items for its project activities.

Embedded derivatives

Copper concentrate is purchased on future pricing model based on month's average LME (in case of copper) / LBMA (in case of gold and silver). Since the value of the concentrate changes with response to change in commodity pricing indices, embedded derivatives (ED) is identified and segregated in the contract. The ED so segregated, is treated like commodity derivative and qualify for hedge accounting. These derivatives are put into a Fair Value hedge relationship with inventory.

The objective of hedge designation of the embedded commodity derivative is to offset the volatility in the Statement of Profit and Loss due to change in value of un-priced inventory with response to LME / LBMA.

iii. The Company has received a notice dated 24th March, 2007 from collector (Stamp) Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh alleging that stamp duty of Rs. 252.96 crore is payable in view of order dated - 18th November, 2002 of Hon'ble High Court of Allahabad approving scheme of arrangement for merger of Copper business of Indo Gulf Corporation Limited with the Company. The Company is of the opinion that it has a very strong case as there is no substantive/computation provision for levy/calculation of stamp duty on court order approving scheme of arrangement under Companies Act, 1956 within the provisions of Uttar Pradesh Stamp Act, moreover the properties in question are located in the State of Gujarat and thus the collector (stamp) Kanpur has no territorial jurisdiction to make such a demand. It is pertinent to note that the Company in 2003-04 has already paid stamp duty which has been accepted as per the provisions of the Bombay Stamp Act 1958 with regard to transfer of shareholding of Indo Gulf Corporation Limited as per the Scheme of Arrangement. Furthermore, the demand made is on an incorrect assumption. The Company's contention amongst the various other grounds made is that the demand is illegal, against the principles of natural justice, incorrect, bad in law and malafide. The Company has filed a writ petition before the Hon'able High Court of Allahabad, inter alia, on the above said grounds, which is pending determination.

iv. Against the notifications issued by the State Electricity Regulatory Commissions of Uttar Pradesh and Odisha States under the provisions of Electricity Act, 2003 in respect of Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO), the Company has filed writ petitions before jurisdictional high courts on the ground, inter alia, that RPO cannot be made applicable to captive users and the High Court(s) at Allahabad and Cuttack have granted stay on the applicability of the RPO. Pending disposal of these, no provision has been considered necessary at this stage.

v. As per the draft assessment order dated 27th December, 2011 for the Assessment Year 2008- 09 under the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961, the Assessing Officer has proposed an addition of Rs. 1,156 crore to the total income of the Company by considering guarantee as provision of service and has imputed a Guarantee Fee at the rate of 10.70% per annum on the loan amount on account of purported arm's length fee of corporate guarantee provided to foreign banks for granting loan to wholly-owned foreign subsidiary for funding acquisition of Novelis Inc. The Company has filed objections before Dispute Resolution Panel (DRP) against the said order which is pending. As on date no demand has been raised.

(b) The Company, along with Aditya Birla Nuvo Limited, Grasim Industries Limited and Birla TMT Holdings Pvt. Limited (the Sponsors), being promoters of Idea Cellular Limited (Idea) has given the following undertakings to the Facility Agent:

i. The Sponsors shall collectively continue to hold at least 33% of the equity capital of Idea till the end of FY 2015-16 and shall not without prior written approval of the Facility Agent, divest, transfer, assign, dispose of, pledge, charge, create any lien or in any way encumber 33% of shareholdings in Idea. Consequent upon the infusion of fresh equity capital of Idea, if the Sponsors' stake gets diluted from 40% to 33% in the equity capital of Idea, the Sponsors agree and undertake to obtain the prior consent of the Rupee Facility Agent and in other circumstances, the Sponsors agree and undertake to obtain the prior consent of the secured lenders representing 51 % of the aggregate outstanding secured loans.

ii. The Sponsors shall collectively continue to hold 26% of the equity capital of Idea after FY 2015-16 and shall not without the prior written approval of the Rupee Facility Agent, divest, transfer, assign, dispose of, pledge, charge, create any lien or in any way encumber 26% shareholdings in the capital of Idea.

iii. Not without prior approval of the Facility Agent in writing divest shareholdings in the equity capital of Idea that may result in a single investor along with its affiliates holding more than 25% of the equity capital of Idea.

(c) As the Sponsor, the Company has executed a Common Rupee Loan Agreement (CRLA) to avail financing of Rs. 4,906 crore for project undertaken by Utkal Alumina International Limited (Utkal), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Under the CRLA, the Company has following obligations:

i. To infuse base equity of Rs. 2,103 crore in Utkal.

ii. To ensure that debt: equity ratio in Utkal is always maintained at 70:30.

iii. To hold minimum 51% equity shares in Utkal.

iv. To bring funds for meeting cost overrun of the project.

v. If Utkal exercises its right or requires to replace any lender under the CRLA and to enable to bring other lender to replace such a lender within the permitted time, the Company is required to infuse funds for prepayment of the loan to such lender and for undrawn portion of such rupee lender.

9 The Company is one of the promoter members of Aditya Birla Management Corporation Private Limited (ABMCPL), a Company limited by guarantee which has been formed to provide common facilities and resources to its members, with a view to optimize the benefits of specialization and minimize cost for each member. The Company is one of the participants in the common pool and shares the expenses incurred by ABMCPL and accounted for under appropriate heads.

10 Related Party Disclosures:

A List of Related Parties:

(a) Enterprises where control exists:

i. Subsidiaries:

1 Indal Exports Limited (dissolved on 4th March, 2011)

2 Minerals & Minerals Limited

3 Aditya Birla Chemicals (India) Limited

4 Utkal Alumina International Limited

5 Suvas Holdings Limited

6 Renukeshwar Investments & Finance Limited

7 Renuka Investments & Finance Limited

8 Dahej Harbour and Infrastructure Limited

9 Lucknow Finance Company Limited

10 Hindalco-Almex Aerospace Limited

11 HAAL USA Inc.

12 Tubed Coal Mines Limited

13 East Coast Bauxite Mining Company Private Limited

14 Mauda Energy Limited

15 Birla Resources Pty Limited

16 Aditya Birla Minerals Limited

17 Birla Maroochydore Pty Limited

18 Birla Nifty Pty Limited

19 Birla Mt. Gordon Pty Limited

20 AV Minerals (Netherlands) B.V.

21 AV Metals Inc.

22 AV Aluminum Inc. (merged with Novelis Inc. w.e.f. 29th September, 2010)

23 Novelis Inc.

24 Albrasilis - Aluminio do Brazil Industria e Comercia Ltda

25 Novelis do Brasil Ltda.

26 4260848 Canada Inc.

27 4260856 Canada Inc.

28 Novelis Cast House Technology Ltd.

29 Novelis No. 1 Limited Partnership

30 Novelis Foil France SAS

31 Novelis Lamines France SAS

32 Novelis PAE SAS

33 Novelis Aluminium Beteiligungs GmbH

34 Novelis Deutschland GmbH

35 Novelis Aluminium Holding Company

36 Novelis Italia SpA

37 Novelis Luxembourg SA

38 Aluminum Company of Malaysia Berhad

39 Alcom Nikkei Specialty Coatings Sdn Berhad

40 Al Dotcom Sdn Berhad

41 Novelis (India) Infotech Ltd.

42 Novelis de Mexico SA de CV

43 Novelis Korea Ltd.

44 Novelis AG

45 Novelis Switzerland SA

46 Novelis Europe Holdings Limited

47 Novelis UK Ltd.

48 Aluminum Upstream Holdings LLC (Delaware)

49 Eurofoil, Inc. (USA) (New York)

50 Logan Aluminium Inc. (Delaware)

51 Novelis Corporation (Texas)

52 Novelis Madeira, Unipessoal, Limited '

53 Novelis Services Limited

54 Novelis Brand LLC (Delaware)

55 Novelis PAE Corp (Delaware)

56 Novelis South America Holdings LLC

57 Evermore Recycling LLC

58 8018227 Canada Inc.

59 8018243 Canada Limited

60 Novelis Acquisitions LLC (Delaware)

61 Novelis North America Holdings Inc. (Delaware)

62 Novelis Delaware LLC (Delaware)

(b) Other Related Parties:

i. Associates:

1 Aditya Birla Science and Technology Company Limited

2 Idea Cellular Limited

3 Aluminium Norf GmbH

4 Consorcio Candonga

5 MiniMRF LLC (Delaware)

6 Deutsche Aluminium Verpackung Recycling GmbH

7 France Aluminium Recyclage SA

ii. Joint Ventures:

1 Mahan Coal Limited

2 Hydromine Global Minerals (GMBH) Limited

iii. Trust of the Company:

1 Trident Trust

iv. Key Managerial Personnel:

Mr. D. Bhattacharya -Managing Director

11 The financial statements for the year ended 31st March, 2011 had been prepared as per the then applicable, pre-revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956. Consequent to the notification of Revised Schedule VI under the Companies Act, 1956, the financial statements for the year ended 31st March,2012 are prepared as per Revised Schedule VI. Previous year figures have been reclassified/regrouped to conform to this year's classification. The adoption of Revised Schedule VI for previous year figures does not impact recognition and measurement principles followed for preparation of financial statements except for accounting for dividend on investments in subsidiaries.


Mar 31, 2011

(Rs. Crore)

As at 31st As at 31st March, 2011 March, 2010

1. (I) Contingent Liabilities not provided for in respect of:

(a) Claims/Disputed Liabilities not acknowledged as debt: Following demands are disputed by the Company and are not provided for:

(i) Demand notice by Asstt. Collector Central Excise Mirzapur for excise duty on power generated by Company's captive power plant, Renusagar Power Company Limited (Since amalgamated). 9.12 9.12 * Writ petition is pending with the Hon'ble High Court of Delhi. Earlier demand raised was quashed by the Hon'ble High Court of Delhi. The amount has been sequestered in the Aluminium Regulation account. According to the terms of settlement dated 5th December, 1983 between the Central Govt. and the Company, this amount will be reimbursed to the Company in the event case is decided against the Company

(ii)Demand of interest on past dues of the Aluminium Regulation account up to 31st December, 1987. 6.33 6.33 * The demand is in dispute with Controller of Aluminium Regulation Account.

(iii) Retrospective Revision of Water Rates by UP Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited (April 1989 to June 1993 & Jan 2000 to Jan 2001). 4.08 4.08 * Writ petition pending with Lucknow Bench of Hon'ble High Court of Allahabad. The demand has been stayed vide order dated 11th May, 2001.

(iv) Transit fees levied by Divisional Forest officer, Renukoot, on Coal and Bauxite. 93.43 74.21 * Appeal pending with the Hon'ble High Court of Allahabad and payment of transit fee has been stayed. According to the legal opinion received by the Company, the Forest department has no authority to levy such fees.

(v)M.P Transit Fee on Coal demanded by Northern Coal Fields Limited. 22.54 21.82 * Company had paid Rs. 15.73 crore under protest towards MP transit Fee on Coal and filed Writ Petition before the Hon'ble Jabalpur High Court. The Hon'ble High Court has struck down the levy and also ordered for refund of the amount paid under protest. The State government has filed an appeal against the order of the Hon'ble High Court before the Hon'ble Supreme Court and the order of Hon'ble High Court has been stayed.

(vi) Imposition of Cess on Coal by Shaktinagar Special Area Development Authority. 6.30 5.16 * Appeal is pending before the Hon'able High Court of Allahabad. Demand and levy has been stayed. According to legal opinion received by the Company, the state has no power to tax the mineral since this field is covered under Mines and Minerals Development and Regulation Act.

(vii)Demand of Royalty on Vanadium by District Mining officer, Lohardaga. 8.44 8.44 * Appeal is pending with the Hon'ble High Court of Allahabad. The demand has been stayed on certain conditions.

(viii)The demand of Excise Duty on gold. 155.31 155.31 *Part of the demand was confirmed against which our ROM request is pending at CESTAT. Department's appeal is pending before the Hon'ble Supreme Court for the part of the demand and penalty that was dropped.

(ix)Demand for disallowances of depreciation claim and other claim - 18.02 on the leased assets by Lessor. - Arbitration proceedings completed, matter settled.

(x) Tax under MPGATSVA, 2005 @ 5% on basic price of coal w.e.f. 52.55 48.19 30th September, 2005 by M.P. State Government. *Writ petition has been filed before the Hon'ble High Court of Madhya Pradesh at Jabalpur. Demand has been stayed.

(xi)Demand raised on the assessment for entry tax with retrospective 213.53 179.28 effect from the period 1st November, 1999 to till date. * Writ petition is pending before Hon'ble High Court of Allahabad and demand has been stayed.

(xii)Demand raised on assessment under CST Act and UP Sales Tax Act. 9.07 5.56 * Appeals have been filed with Sales Tax Tribunal and JC Appeal for different years.

(xiii)Revision of surface rent on land by Government of Jharkhand 14.56 11.07 w.e.f. 16th June, 2005. * Matter is in dispute at Hon'ble High Court of Jharkhand.

(xiv)Demand made by Nayab Tehsildar Kusmi / Collector under 3.47 2.71 Chattisgarh as per Adhosanrachna Vikas evam Parayavaran Upkar Adhiniyam, 2005 @ 5% as environment tax on royalty plus 5% as development tax. * The Writ petition which has been filed by the Company before Hon'ble High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur, has been transferred to the Hon'ble Supreme Court and tagged with other Civil Appeals.

(xv)Service tax paid on Goods Transport Agency and Business Auxiliary Services. 11.27 11.27 * Commissioner has confirmed the demand. Appeal is being filed at CESTAT New Delhi.

(xvi) M.P Transit fee on Bauxite. 1.26 1.20 * Writ petition pending with the Hon'ble High Court at Jabalpur.

(xvii) Demand for Entry Tax relating to valuation dispute of 2004-05 to 2005-06, for which appeals have been filed. 4.37 1.18 * Appeal has been filed with Additional CCT, Sambalpur.

(xviii) CST demand on reopening of assessments for 1999-00 to 2003-04. 8.81 8.81 * Appeals have been filed.

(xix) Demand on Interest on excess CENVAT Credit taken. 1.00 1.00 *Appeal pending with CESTAT, Mumbai.

(xx) Demand for Sales Tax u/s 15B for A.Y. 2001-02 & 2002-03. 8.17 14.62 * Appeal is pending with J. C Appellate Authority, Baroda.

(xxi) Demand for VAT for AY 2007-08 * Appeal pending with Special Commissioner Appeal, Delhi 9.56 -

(xxii) Service tax on insurance policy attributable to Renusagar. 4.49 2.86 * Commissioner has confirmed the demand. Appeal is pending before the CESTAT, New Delhi.

(xxiii) Demand of Interest on differential duty on account of final assessment of Bill of Entries. 17.63 17.55 * The matter is pending with Commissioner of Customs, Appeal, Ahmedabad.

(xxiv) Disallowance of CENVAT credit. 5.29 5.29 * The matter is pending with CESTAT, Ahmedabad.

(xxv) Demand for interest on claim with IFFCO, Kandla. 7.53 6.79 * Matter is pending with arbitrator.

(xxvi) Demand raised on assessment under CST Act and APGST Act 5.26 5.56 for various years. * Appeals have been filed with appropriate authorities.

(xxvii)Demand for Service Tax on Consulting Engineer Services and Scientific & Tech Service. 3.84 3.84 * Appeal pending with Commissioner (Appeals), Ahmedabad.

(xxviii)Excise duty on Dross 14.42 9.13

*Company has challenged the letter issued by Excise department to pay Excise duty on dross before Hon'ble Allahabad High court.

(xxix) Claim for Plot Rent at Lohardaga Siding - 3.39 – Matter settled

(xxx) Demand of stamp duty on imported cargo 53.17 38.99 * Matter is pending with Hon'ble High Court, Ahmedabad Gujarat

(xxxi) Other Contingent Liabilities in respect of Excise, Customs, Sales Tax etc. each being for less than Rs. 1 crore. * The demands are in dispute at various legal forums. 18.01 12.08

Total 772.81 692.86 *Indicating uncertainties

(b) (i) Bills discounted with Banks 0.19 0.19

(ii) Corporate Guarantees outstanding 74.22 7,462.75

(Rs. 33.66 crore (previous year Rs. 7,446.04 crore**) given on behalf of subsidiary companies)

(c) Customs duty on Capital Goods and Raw Materials imported 514.38 168.46 under EPCG Scheme /Advance Licence, against which export obligation is to be fulfilled. ** includes US$ 1.4 billion (Rs. 6,276.2 crore) given by the Company for due performance of facility agreement entered into by one of its wholly owned subsidiary Companies with the Bankers for availing loan of US$ 981.80 million for acquisition of Novelis Inc., since discharged.

(II) Provisions:

(a) The provision for excise duty and sales tax are on account of legal matters, where the Company anticipates probable outflow. The amount of provision is estimated by the Company considering the facts and circumstances of each case for which cash flow will be determined on settlement of these matters.

(b) Provision for others is on account of dispute pertaining to non-supply of material to a customer.

(III) The Company has given undertakings to various Financial Institutions and Banks, as relevant, for:

(i) Following Sponsors Undertakings have been given by the Company, along with Aditya Birla Nuvo Ltd, Grasim Industries Ltd. and Birla TMT Holdings Pvt. Ltd (the Sponsors), being promoters of Idea Cellular Ltd.( Idea):-

(a) The Sponsors shall collectively continue to hold at least 33% of the equity capital of Idea till the end of FY 2015-16 and shall not without prior written approval of the Facility Agent, divest, transfer, assign, dispose of, pledge, charge, create any lien or in any way encumber 33% of shareholdings in Idea. Consequent upon the infusion of fresh equity capital of Idea, if the Sponsors' stake gets diluted from 40% to 33% in the equity capital of Idea, the Sponsors agree and undertake to obtain the prior consent of the Rupee Facility Agent and in other circumstances, the Sponsors agree and undertake to obtain the prior consent of the secured lenders representing 51% of the aggregate outstanding secured loans.

(b) The Sponsors shall collectively continue to hold 26% of the equity capital of Idea after FY 2015-16 and shall not without the prior written approval of the Rupee Facility Agent, divest, transfer, assign, dispose of, pledge, charge, create any lien or in any way encumber 26% shareholdings in the capital of Idea.

(c) Not without prior approval of the Facility Agent in writing divest shareholdings in the equity capital of Idea that may result in a single investor along with its affiliates holding more than 25% of the equity capital of Idea.

(ii) A Common Rupee Loan Agreement (CRLA) has been executed by the Company as the Sponsor to avail financing of Rs. 4,906 crore for project undertaken by Utkal Alumina International Limited (Utkal), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.

Under the CRLA, the Company has following obligations as under:

a) To infuse base equity of Rs. 2,103 crore in Utkal.

b) To ensure that debt: equity ratio is always maintained at 70:30 in Utkal.

c) To hold minimum 51% equity shares in Utkal.

d) To bring funds for meeting cost overrun of the project.

e) If Utkal exercises its right or requires to replace any lender under the CRLA and to enable to bring other lender to replace such a lender within the permitted time, the Company is required to infuse funds for prepayment of the loan to such lender and for undrawn portion of such rupee lender.

2. The Company has received a notice dated 24th March, 2007 from collector (Stamp) Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh alleging that stamp duty of Rs. 252.96 crore is payable in view of order dated 18th November, 2002 of Hon'ble High Court of Allahabad approving scheme of arrangement for merger of Copper business of Indo Gulf Corporation Limited with the Company. The Company is of the opinion that it has a very strong case as there is no substantive/computation provision for levy/calculation of stamp duty on court order approving scheme of arrangement under Companies Act, 1956 within the provisions of Uttar Pradesh Stamp Act, moreover the properties in question are located in the State of Gujarat and thus the Collector (stamp) Kanpur has no territorial jurisdiction to make such a demand. It is pertinent to note that the Company in 2003-04 has already paid stamp duty which has been accepted as per the provisions of the Bombay Stamp Act 1958 with regard to transfer of shareholding of Indo Gulf Corporation Limited as per the Scheme of Arrangement. Furthermore, the demand made is on an incorrect assumption. The Company's contention amongst the various other grounds made is that the demand is illegal, against the principles of natural justice, incorrect, bad in law and malafide. The Company has filed a writ petition before the Hon'ble High Court of Allahabad, inter alia, on the above said grounds, which is pending determination.

3. (a) Purchase of Copper Concentrate is accounted for provisionally pending finalisation of contents in the concentrate, price, and custom duty including interest. Variations are accounted for in the year of settlement.

(b) Sales of Continuous Cast Copper Rod and Copper Cathode are accounted for provisionally, pending finalization of price. Variations are accounted for in the year of settlement.

(c) Final price payable on purchase of copper concentrate for which quotational price and quantity were not finalized in previous year, were realigned based on monthly average of LME & LMBA rate at the year end copper and precious metals respectively and accordingly provision for Rs. 108.06 crore (previous year Rs. 161.93 crore ) was made. During the year final price payable was settled at Rs. 24.66 crore (previous year Rs. 420.18 crore) and accordingly receivable of Rs. 132.71 crore (previous year additional liabilities of Rs. 258.25 crore) have been adjusted in raw material consumption. Further, provisions for Rs. 3.54 crore (previous year Rs. 108.05 crore) was made on realignment of receipt of copper concentrate as on 31st March, 2011. Actual outflow is expected on finalization of quotational price and quantity in the next financial year.

(d) Final price receivable from sale of Copper for which quotational price was not finalized in previous year, were realigned at year end rate based on LME Rate and reversal of sales for Rs. 4.99 crore (previous year additional sales Rs. 0.08 crore) were accounted for. During the Year final price was settled at Rs. 13.35 crore (previous year Rs. 8.05 crore) and further reversal of sales for Rs. 8.36 crore (previous year credit for further sales Rs. 7.97 crore) was taken into account. As on 31st March, 2011, sale of Copper, Gold, Silver & Anode Slime amounting to Rs. 649.40 crore (previous year Rs. 553.12 crore) pending for price finalization were realigned at year-end rate of LME and an additional sales of Rs. 8.86 crore (previous year reversal of sales Rs. 4.99 crore) was accounted for. Actual inflow or outflow is expected on finalization of price.

4. Income amounting to Rs. 35.14 crore of dividend (previous year Rs. 81.47 crore), Rs. 0.36 crore of interest (previous year Rs. 10.08 crore) and Rs. 1.98 crore of profit on sale of investments (previous year Rs. 4.29 crore) derived from temporary deployment of surplus fund out of specific borrowing for various projects have been deducted from borrowing costs incurred.

5. On January 24, 2011, AV Minerals (Netherlands) B.V., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, has reduced its nominal value of shares from Euro 1,000 per share to Euro 778.20 per share and has returned the excess paid up capital after paying up dues on partly paid-up shares. The extent of ownership interest of the Company in AV Minerals has not been affected by the reduction in the paid up capital.

The net excess paid up capital amounting to Rs. 2,962.72 crore (equivalent to Euro 477.58 million) was returned to the Company on January 25, 2011.

The carrying value of the investment has been adjusted for the above transaction and the resulting foreign exchange gain of Rs. 41.38 crore has been recorded under the head Miscellaneous Expenses in Schedule 17 to Profit and Loss Account.

6. The Company is one of the promoter members of Aditya Birla Management Corporation Private Limited (ABMCPL), a Company limited by guarantee which has been formed to provide common facilities and resources to its members, with a view to optimize the benefits of specialization and minimize cost for each member. The Company is one of the participants in the common pool and shares the expenses incurred by ABMCPL and accounted for under appropriate heads.

7. Loans and Advances include

(c) Inter Corporate Deposits include Rs. 51.23 crore (previous year Rs. 32.35 crore) given to Aditya Birla Science and Technology Company Limited, an associate of the Company, bearing interest. Maximum balance outstanding during the year was Rs. 51.23 crore (previous year Rs. 32.35 crore).

(d) Loan to employees as per Company's policy are not considered.

(e) Balances with Trident Trust representing 16,316,130 equity shares of Rs. 1/- each of the Company issued pursuant to the Scheme of Arrangement approved by the Hon'ble High Courts at Mumbai and Allahabad vide their Orders dated 31st October, 2002 and 18th November, 2002, respectively, to the Trident Trust, which is created wholly for the benefit of the Company and is being managed by trustees appointed by it. The tenure of the trust is upto 23rd January, 2017.

8. Although the book / market value of certain investments (amount not ascertained) is lower than cost, considering the strategic and long term nature of the investments and asset base of the investee companies, in the opinion of the management such decline is temporary in nature and no provision is necessary for the same.

9. 213,147,391 equity shares of Rs. 1/- each at a premium of Rs. 129.90 were issued through Qualified Institutions Placement (QIP) on 1st December, 2009. Entire amount has been spent for various ongoing projects and issue related expenses within 31st March, 2011.

10. Indal Exports Limited, a wholly- owned subsidiary of the Company, has been dissolved on 4th March, 2011 following the Easy Exit Scheme, 2011 introduced by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs.

11. The Company had formulated a scheme of financial restructuring under Sections 391 to 394 of the Companies Act 1956 ("the Scheme") between the Company and its equity shareholders approved by the High Court of Judicature of Bombay to deal with various costs associated with its organic and inorganic growth plan. Pursuant to this, a separate reserve account titled as Business Reconstruction Reserve ("BRR") was created during the year 2008-09 by transferring balance standing to the credit of Securities Premium Account of the Company for adjustment of certain expenses as prescribed in the Scheme.

12. Share-Based Compensation

The shareholders of the Company has approved an Employee Stock Option Scheme ("ESOS 2006"), formulated by the Company, under which the Company may issue 3,475,000 options to its permanent employees in the management cadre, in one or more tranches, whether working in India or out of India, including the Whole Time Directors of the Company. The shareholders have also approved giving discount upto 30% of the average price of the equity shares of the Company in the immediate preceding seven day period on the stock exchange. The ESOS 2006 is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company ("the Committee"). Each option when exercised would be converted into one fully paid-up equity share of Rs. 1/- each of the Company. The options will vest in 4 equal annual installments after one year of the grant. The maximum period of exercise is 5 years from the date of vesting. Further, forfeited/lapsed options are available to the Committee for grant.

During the year, under ESOS 2006, 572,160 options have been granted as Tranche III to its eligible employees as on 3rd September, 2010. However, under the ESOS 2006, so far the Committee has granted 3,545,550 options to its eligible employees in three tranches out of which 701,274 options were forfeited/lapsed and are available to the Committee for grant as per term of the Scheme.

The compensation cost of stock options granted to employees have been accounted by the Company using the intrinsic value method. Accordingly, employee cost includes Rs. 1.34 crore (Previous year Rs. 1.00 crore) being the amortization of intrinsic value for the year ending 31st March, 2011.

F Principal Actuarial Assumptions

The Company has various schemes (funded/unfunded) for payment of gratuity to all eligible employees calculated at specified number of days (ranging from 15 days to 1 month) of last drawn salary depending upon the tenure of service for each year of completed service subject to minimum service of five years payable at the time of separation upon superannuation or on exit otherwise.

(ii) In respect of Defined contribution schemes –

(a) As required under Guidance Notes on Implementation of Accounting Standard 15 (revised) issued by the ICAI in respect of exempted Provident Fund, the Company has ascertained shortfall in interest payable to the members of Provident Fund based on actuarial valuation and made appropriate provision in the books. The Company contributes 12% of salary for all eligible employees towards Provident Fund managed either by approved trusts or by the Central Government. The amount debited to Profit & Loss Account during the year was Rs. 55.00 crore (previous year Rs. 50.62 crore). In view of typical nature of such Provident fund scheme involving defined benefit underpin in respect of interest payable to members as declared by The Employees Provident Fund Organisation, the defined benefit obligation relating to interest shortfall is considered to be Other Long Term Employee Benefit.

(b) The Company contributes a certain percentage of salary for all eligible employees in managerial cadre towards Superannuation Funds managed by approved trusts or by Life Insurance Corporation of India. The amount debited to Profit & Loss Account during the year was Rs. 10.41 crore (previous year Rs. 9.38 crore).

13. Derivative Financial Instrument

a) The Company had adopted Accounting Standard 30, "Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement" issued by The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India so far as it related to derivative accounting during the year 2009-10.

b) In the ordinary course of business, the Company is exposed to risks resulting from changes in prices of commodity, exchange rate fluctuation and interest rate movements. It manages its exposure to these risks through derivative financial instruments. It uses derivative instruments such as forwards, futures, swaps and options to manage these risks. These derivative financial instruments reduce the impact of both favourable and unfavourable fluctuations. Except where noted, the derivative contracts are marked- to-market (MTM) and the related gains and losses are included in Profit and Loss Account in the current accounting period.

The Company's risk management activities are subject to the management, direction and control of Risk Management Board (RMB). The RMB is composed of two directors including Managing Director, Chief Financial Officer and other officers and employees selected by the Managing Director. The RMB reports to the Board of Directors on the scope of its activities.

The decision of whether and when to execute derivative financial instruments along with its tenure can vary from period to period depending on market conditions and the relative costs of the instruments. The tenure is always linked to the timing of the underlying exposure, with the connection between the two being regularly monitored. The Company is exposed to losses in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to the derivative contracts. All derivative contracts are executed with counterparties that, in our judgment, are creditworthy. The credit levels are reviewed to ensure that there is not an inappropriate concentration of outstanding to any particular counterparty.

Commodity Price Risk

Copper and Precious Metals

This business is conducted under a conversion model. The prices of input and output are derived from the same benchmark and/or are linked to each other through a defined formula. The objective of risk management is to attempt to use derivatives to match the price fluctuations arising out of the timing mismatch in pricing the input and output so as to Rs.pass through' the change in input cost to customers to make the margins immune to the fluctuations in prices of the input and output.

Aluminium

This business is vertically integrated. The main raw material viz. bauxite (mostly mined from own mines) and other purchased raw materials do not have any linkage with the output price which is Aluminium LME prices. When the prices of input(s) and output(s) do not follow the above condition, then risk management attempts to use derivatives so as to protect the margins from adverse movements in prices on either side, i.e. from a rise in input cost or from a fall in output price.

As a condition of sale, customers often require the Company to enter into fixed price commitments. These commitments expose the Company to the risk of fluctuating aluminum prices between the time the order is committed and the time that the material is shipped. The Company may enter into derivative financial instruments to mitigate the risk arising out of the fixed price commitments. Consequently, the gain or loss resulting from movements in the price of aluminium on these contracts would generally be offset by an equal and opposite impact on the net sales and purchases being hedged.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Exchange rate movements, particularly the United States Dollar (USD) and Euro (EUR) against Indian Rupee (INR), have an impact on our operating results. In addition to the foreign exchange flow from exports, the commodity prices in the domestic market are derived based on the landed cost of imports in India where LME prices and USD/INR exchange rate are the main factors. In case of conversion business, the objective is to match the exchange rate of outflows and related inflows through derivative financial instruments. With respect to Aluminium business where costs are predominantly in INR, the strengthening of INR against USD adversely affects the profitability of the business and benefits when INR depreciates against USD. The Company enters into various foreign exchange contracts to protect profitability. The Company also enters into various foreign exchange contracts to mitigate the risk arising out of foreign currency exchange rate movement in foreign currency contracts executed with foreign suppliers to procure capital items for its project activities.

14. Related Party Disclosures A. List of Related Parties

(a) Subsidiaries of the Company

1 Minerals & Minerals Limited

2 Renukeshwar Investments and Finance Limited

3 Renuka Investments and Finance Limited

4 Lucknow Finance Company Limited

5 Dahej Harbour and Infrastructure Limited

6 Birla Resources Pty Limited

7 Aditya Birla Minerals Limited

8 Birla Maroochydore Pty Limited

9 Birla Nifty Pty Limited

10 Birla Mt. Gordon Pty Limited

11 Aditya Birla Chemicals (India) Limited

12 Utkal Alumina international Limited

13 Suvas Holdings Limited

14 Indal Exports Limited (dissolved on 4th March, 2011)

15 Hindalco-Almex Aerospace Limited

16 HAAL (USA) Inc.

17 A V Minerals (Netherlands) B.V.

18 A V Metals Inc.

19 A V Aluminum Inc. (merged with Novelis w.e.f. 29th September, 2010)

20 East Coast Bauxite Mining Company Private Limited

21 Tubed Coal Mines Limited

22 Mauda Energy Limited

23 Novelis (India) Infotech Ltd.

24 Novelis Inc.

25 Novelis No. 1 Limited Partnership

26 4260848 Canada Inc.

27 4260856 Canada Inc.

28 Novelis Cast House Technology Ltd.

29 Novelis Corporation

30 Aluminum Upstream Holdings LLC

31 Eurofoil Inc. (USA)

32 Evermore Recycling LLC

33 Logan Aluminium Inc.

34 Novelis Brand LLC

35 Novelis PAE Corporation

36 Novelis South America Holdings LLC

37 Novelis Belgique S.A.

38 Novelis Benelux NV

39 Albrasilis - Aluminio do Brasil Industria e Comércio Ltda.

40 Novelis do Brasil Ltda.

41 Novelis Foil France S.A.S.

42 Novelis Laminés France S.A.S.

43 Novelis PAE S.A.S.

44 Novelis Aluminium Beteiligungs GmbH

45 Novelis Deutschland GmbH

46 Novelis Aluminium Holding Company

47 Novelis Italia SpA

48 Novelis Luxembourg S.A.

49 Al Dotcom Sdn Berhad

50 Alcom Nikkei Specialty Coatings Sdn Berhad

51 Aluminum Company of Malaysia Berhad

52 Novelis de Mexico, S.A. de C.V.

53 Novelis Madeira, Unipessoal, Lda

54 Novelis Korea Limited

55 Novelis AG

56 Novelis Switzerland S.A.

57 Novelis Technology AG

58 Novelis UK Ltd.

59 Novelis Europe Holdings Limited

60 Novelis Services Limited

61 Novelis North America Holdings Inc.

(b) Trust of the Company

1 Trident Trust

(c) Joint Ventures

1 Hydromine Global Minerals GMBH Limited

2 Mahan Coal Limited

(d) Associate

1 Aditya Birla Science & Technology Company Limited

2 Idea Cellular Limited

3 Consórcio Candonga

4 France Aluminium Recyclage S.A.

5 Aluminium Norf GmbH

6 Deutsche Aluminium Verpackung Recycling GmbH

7 MiniMRF LLC (Delaware)

15. Segment Reporting:

(a) Primary Segment Reporting (by Business Segment):

i) The Company has two reportable segments viz. Aluminium and Copper which have been identified in line with the Accounting Standard 17 on Segment Reporting, taking into account the organizational structure as well as differential risk and return of these segments. Details of products included in each segments are as under:

Aluminium : Hydrate & Alumina, Aluminium and Aluminium Products.

Copper : Continuous Cast Copper Rods, Copper Cathode, Sulphuric Acid, DAP & Complexes, Gold and Silver.

ii) Inter-segment transfers are based on market rates.

(b) Secondary Segment Reporting (by Geographical demarcation):

i) The Secondary segment is based on geographical demarcation i.e India and Rest of the World. Since all production and other facilities are located in India, segment assets except debtors are shown under one geographic segment i.e. India.

16. The amount transferable to Investor Education and Protection Fund does not include any amount due and outstanding to be transferred to the said fund except Rs. 0.07 crore (previous year Rs. 0.07 crore) which is held in abeyance due to legal case pending.

17. Figures of the previous year have been regrouped / rearranged wherever necessary.


Mar 31, 2010

(Rs. in Crores) As at 31st As at 31st March, 2010 March, 2009

1. Capital Commitments outstanding (Advance/Deposit paid Rs. 2,152.81 crores, previous year Rs.444.47 crores) 10,490.51 1,970.71

2. Uncalled Liability on shares partly paid up 235.12 211.24

3. (I) Contingent Liabilities not provided for in respect of: (a) Claims/Disputed liabilities not acknowledged as debt:

Following demands are disputed by the Company and are not provided for:

(i) Demand notice by Asstt. Collector Central Excise Mirzapur for 9.12 9.12 excise duty on power generated by Company s captive power plant, Renusagar Power Company Limited (Since amalgamated). Writ petition is pending with the Hon able High Court of Delhi.

Earlier demand raised was quashed by the Hon able High Court of Delhi. The amount has been sequestered in the Aluminium Regulation account. According to the terms of settlement dated 05th December, 1983 between the Central Govt. and the Company, this amount will be reimbursed to the Company in the event the case is decided against the Company.

(ii) Demand of interest on past dues of the Aluminium Regulation 6.33 6.33 account up to 31st December, 1987.

The demand is in dispute with Controller of Aluminium Regulation Account.

(iii) Retrospective Revision of Water Rates by UP Jal Vidyut Nigam 4.08 4.08 Limited (April 1989 to June 1993 & Jan 2000 to Jan 2001).

Writ petition pending with Lucknow Bench of Hon able High Court of Allahabad. The demand has been stayed vide order dated 11th May, 2001.

(iv) Transit fees levied by Divisional Forest officer, Renukoot, on Coal 74.21 57.43 and Bauxite.

Appeal pending with the Hon able High Court of Allahabad and payment of transit fee has been stayed. According to the legal opinion received by the Company, the Forest department has no authority to levy such fees.

(v) M.P Transit Fee on Coal demanded by Northern Coal Fields 21.82 20.63 Limited.

Company had paid Rs.15.73 crores under protest towards MP transit Fee on Coal and filed Writ Petition before the Hon ble Jabalpur High Court. The Honble High Court has struck down the levy and also ordered for refund of the amount paid under protest. The State government has filed an appeal against the order of the Hon ble High Court before the Hon ble Supreme Court and the order of Hon ble High Court has been stayed.

(vi) Imposition of Cess on Coal by Shaktinagar Special Area 5.16 4.32 Development Authority.

Appeal is pending before the Hon able High Court of Allahabad. Demand and levy has been stayed. According to legal opinion received by the Company, the state has no power to tax the mineral since this field is covered under Mines and Minerals Development and Regulation Act.

(vii) Demand of Royalty on Vanadium by District Mining officer, Lohardaga. 8.44 8.44

* Appeal is pending with the Honable High Court of Allahabad. The demand has been stayed on certain conditions.

(viii) The demand of Excise Duty on gold. 155.31 155.31

* Part of the demand was confirmed against which our ROM request is pending at CESTAT. Department s appeal is pending before the Honable Supreme Court for the part of the demand and penalty that was dropped.

(ix) Demand for disallowances of depreciation claim and other claim on the leased assets by Lessor. 18.02 18.02 Matter is pending with Lessor.

(x) Tax under MPGATSVA, 2005 @ 5% on basic price of coal w.e.f. 30th September, 2005 by M.P. State Government. 48.19 41.03

Writ petition has been filed before the Hon able High Court of Madhya Pradesh at Jabalpur. Demand has been stayed.

(xi) Demand raised on the assessment for entry tax with retrospective effect from the period 01st November, 1999 to till date. 179.28 148.42

Writ petition is pending before Hon able High Court of Allahabad and demand has been stayed.

(xii) Demand raised on assessment under CST Act and UP Sales Tax Act. 5.56 34.07 Appeals have been filed with Sales Tax Tribunal and JC Appeal for different years.

(xiii) Revision of surface rent on land by Government of Jharkhand w.e.f. 16th June, 2005. 11.07 7.29

Matter is in dispute at Hon able High Court of Jharkhand.

(xiv) Demand made by Nayab Tehsildar Kusmi / Collector under 2.71 2.26

Chattisgarh as per Adhosanrachna Vikas evam Parayavaran Upkar Adhiniyam, 2005 @ 5% as environment tax on royalty plus 5% as development tax.

The Writ petition which has been filed by the Company before Honable High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur, has been transferred to the Hon able Supreme Court and tagged with other Civil Appeals.

(xv) Service tax paid on Goods Transport Agency and Business Auxiliary Services. 11.27 7.42

Commissioner has confirmed the demand. Appeal is being filed at CESTAT New Delhi.

(xvi) M.P Transit fee on Bauxite. 1.20 1.16

Writ petition pending with the Hon able High Court at Jabalpur.

(xvii) Demand for Entry Tax relating to valuation dispute of 2004-05 1.18 1.18 to 2005-06, for which appeals have been filed. Appeal has been filed with Additional CCT, Sambalpur.

(xviii) CST demand on reopening of assessments for 1999-00 to 2003-04. 8.81 8.81 Appeals have been filed.

(xix) Demand on Interest on excess CENVAT Credit taken. 1.00 1.00 Appeal pending with CESTAT, Mumbai.

(xx) Disallowances of Sales Tax Forms for Sales Tax Assessment - 1.21 year 1997-98.

*Appeal is pending with Joint Commissioner (Appeal), Vadodara, Gujarat.

(xxi) Demand for Sales Tax u/s 15B for A.Y. 2001-02 & 2002-03. 14.62 8.72 Appeal is pending with J. C Appellate Authority, Baroda.

(xxii) Demand for Stamp Duty on Imported Cargo. - 27.72

Matter is pending with Hon ble High Court, Ahmedabad.

(xxiii) Service tax on insurance policy attributable to Renusagar. 2.86 2.11

Commissioner has confirmed the demand. Appeal is pending before the CESTAT, New Delhi.

(xxiv) Demand of Interest on differential duty on account of final 17.55 17.55 assessment of Bill of Entries.

The matter is pending with Commissioner of Customs, Appeal, Ahmedabad.

(xxv) Disallowance of CENVAT credit. 5.29 5.29

The matter is pending with CESTAT, Ahmedabad.

(xxvi) Demand for interest on claim with IFFCO, Kandla. 6.79 6.05 Matter is pending with arbitrator.

(xxvii) Demand raised on assessment under CST Act and APGST Act 5.56 1.86 for various years.

Appeals have been filed with appropriate authorities.

(xxviii) Demand for Service Tax on Consulting Engineer Services and 3.84 3.84 Scientific & Tech Service.

Appeal pending with Commissioner (Appeals), Ahmedabad.

(xxix) Excise duty on Dross 9.13 Company has challenged the letter issued by Excise department to pay Excise duty on dross before Hon ble Allahabad High court.

(xxx) Claim for Plot Rent at Lohardaga Siding 3.39

Excess amount demanded by Railway authorities. Protest letter regarding excess demand has been given to railway authorities.

(xxxi) Other Contingent Liabilities in respect of Excise, Customs, Sales Tax etc. each being for less than Rs.1 crore. 12.08 13.18

The demands are in dispute at various legal forums.

Total 653.87 623.85

(III) The Company has given undertakings to various Financial Institutions and Banks, as relevant, for:

(i) Non disposal of equity shares of Aditya Birla Chemicals (India) Limited till the Institutional Loans are repaid in full in addition to finance the cost over run, if any, in respect of an on-going project of the Company for which the loan has been taken.

(ii) Following Sponsors Undertakings have been given by the Company, along with Aditya Birla Nuvo Ltd, Grasim Industries Ltd. and Birla TMT Holdings Pvt. Ltd (the Sponsors), being promoters of IDEA Cellular Ltd.( IDEA).:- (a) The Sponsors shall collectively continue to hold at least 33% of the equity capital of IDEA till the end of FY 2015-16 and shall not without prior written approval of the Facility Agent, divest, transfer, assign, dispose of, pledge, charge, create any lien or in any way encumber 33% of shareholdings in IDEA. Consequent upon the infusion of fresh equity capital of IDEA, if the Sponsors’ stake gets diluted from 40% to 33% in the equity capital of IDEA, the Sponsors agree and undertake to obtain the prior consent of the Rupee Facility Agent and in other circumstances, the Sponsors agree and undertake to obtain the prior consent of the secured lenders representing 51% of the aggregate outstanding secured loans.

(b) The Sponsors shall collectively continue to hold 26% of the equity capital of IDEA after FY 2015- 16 and shall not without the prior written approval of the Rupee Facility Agent, divest, transfer, assign, dispose of, pledge, charge, create any lien or in any way encumber 26% shareholdings in the capital of IDEA.

(c) Not without prior approval of the Facility Agent in writing divest shareholdings in the equity capital of IDEA that may result in a single investor along with its affiliates holding more than 25% of the equity capital of IDEA.

4. The Company has received a notice dated 24th March, 2007 from collector (Stamp) Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh alleging that stamp duty of Rs. 252.96 crores is payable in view of order dated 18th November, 2002 of Hon’ble High Court of Allahabad approving scheme of arrangement for merger of Copper business of Indo Gulf Corporation Limited with the Company. The Company is of the opinion that it has a very strong case as there is no substantive/ computation provision for levy/calculation of stamp duty on court order approving scheme of arrangement under Companies Act, 1956 within the provisions of Uttar Pradesh Stamp Act, moreover the properties in question are located in the State of Gujarat and thus the collector (stamp) Kanpur has no territorial jurisdiction to make such a demand. It is pertinent to note that the Company in 2003-04 has already paid stamp duty which has been accepted as per the provisions of the Bombay Stamp Act 1958 with regard to transfer of shareholding of Indo Gulf Corporation Limited as per the Scheme of Arrangement. Furthermore, the demand made is on an incorrect assumption. The Company’s contention amongst the various other grounds made is that the demand is illegal, against the principles of natural justice, incorrect, bad in law and malafide. The Company has filed a writ petition before the Hon’able High Court of Allahabad, inter alia, on the above said grounds, which is pending determination.

5. Sales include own manufactured items capitalized / used Rs. 15.44 crores (previous year Rs. 26.96 crores) at cost (inclusive of excise duty).

6. Sale of Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) and other complex fertilizers are covered under the concessional schemes for decontrolled fertilizers by the Government of India. The final subsidy has been announced for the period from April, 2009 to June, 2009. Pending declaration of final subsidy for the period July, 2009 to March, 2010, same has been accounted for at the lower of base subsidy declared by the Government of India or estimated subsidy calculated by the management based on the import parity of DAP

7. (a) Purchase of copper concentrate is accounted for provisionally pending finalization of content in the concentrate, price, and custom duty including interest. Variations are accounted for in the year of settlement.

(b) Sale of Continuous Cast Copper Rod and Copper Cathode are accounted for provisionally pending finalization of price variations in the year of settlement.

(c) Final price payable on purchase of copper concentrate for which Quotational period, price and quantity was not finalized in previous year, were realigned based on monthly average of LME & LMBA rate at the year end copper and precious metals respectively and accordingly an additional provision for Rs. 161.93 crores (previous year Rs. 252.00 crores ) was made. During the year final price payable was settled at Rs. 420.18 crores (previous year Rs. 235.47 crores) and additional liabilities of Rs. 258.25 crores (previous year additional credit of Rs. 16.54 crores) have been adjusted in raw material consumption. Further, additional provisions for Rs. 108.06 crores (previous year Rs. 161.93 crores) was made on realignment of such class of liabilities as on 31st March, 2010. Actual outflow is expected on finalization of quotational period price and quantity in the next financial year.

(d) Final price receivable from sale of Copper for which quotational price was not finalized in previous year, were realigned at year end rate based on LME Rate and additional provisional sales for Rs.0.08 crores (previous year Rs. 16.15 crores) were accounted for. During the year final price was settled at Rs. 8.05 crores (previous year Rs. 21.80 crores) and credit for further sales for Rs. 7.97 crores (previous year Rs. 5.64 crores) was taken into account. As on 31st March, 2010, sale of Copper, Gold, Silver & Anode Slime amounting to Rs. 553.12 crores (previous year Rs. 212.19 crores) pending for price finalization were realigned at year end rate of LME and an additional sales of Rs. 4.99 crores (previous year Rs. 0.08 crores) was accounted for. Actual inflow or outflow is expected on finalization of price in next financial year.

8. Income amounting to Rs. 81.47 crores of dividend (previous year Rs. 163.93 crores), Rs. 10.08 crores of interest (previous year Rs. 1.90 crores) and Rs. 4.29 crores of profit on sale of investments (previous year Rs. 46.29 crores) derived from temporary deployment of surplus fund out of specific borrowing for various projects have been deducted from borrowing costs incurred.

9. Although the book / market value of certain investments (amount not ascertained) is lower than cost, considering the strategic and long term nature of the investments and asset base of the investee companies, in the opinion of the management such decline is temporary in nature and no provision is necessary for the same.

10. The Company has earmarked 6.83% GOI bonds, 2039 of the face value of Rs. 20.00 crores and book value being Rs. 20.13 crores in compliance with the provisions of Rule 3A of the Companies (Acceptance of Deposits) Rules, 1975 (as amended).

11. (a) The Authorised Capital of the Company has increased from Rs. 200.00 crores to Rs. 215.00 crores by way of increase of 15,00,00,000 equity shares of Rs. 1 each pursuant to a resolution passed at the Annual general meeting held on 18th September, 2009.

(b) Upon allotment of 213,147,391 equity shares of Re. 1 each at a premium of Rs. 129.90 through Qualified Institutions Placement (QIP) on 01st December, 2009, paid-up capital of the Company has increased by Rs. 21.31 crores. The total amount received against QIP is Rs. 2,790.10 crores. Out of this amount Rs. 396 crores has been spent for various ongoing projects (including issue related expenses) till 31st March, 2010 and the balance amount has been invested temporarily in mutual funds.

12. In terms of the facility agreement for foreign currency borrowing of US$ 981.80 million availed by A V Minerals (Netherlands) B.V., a wholly owned subsidiary, the Company has entered into a deed of pledge of registered shares in A V Minerals (Netherlands) B.V. in favour of HSBC Bank USA, N.A. as pledgee.

13. A wholly-owned subsidiary by the name Mauda Energy Limited has been incorporated on 05th October, 2009 for generation of power to be used captively.

14. The Company has formulated a scheme of financial restructuring under Sections 391 to 394 of the Companies Act 1956 ( the Scheme ) between the Company and its equity shareholders approved by the High Court of judicature of Bombay to deal with various costs associated with its organic and inorganic growth plan. Pursuant to this, a separate reserve account titled as Business Reconstruction Reserve ( BRR ) has been created during the previous year by transferring balance standing to the credit of Securities Premium Account of the Company for adjustment of certain expenses as prescribed in the Scheme. Accordingly, Rs. 8,647.37 crores has been transferred to BRR during the previous year and certain expenses amounting to Rs. nil (previous year Rs. 66.98 crores (net of deferred tax)) have been adjusted against the same as per the Scheme.

15. Arising from the announcement of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India dated 29th March, 2008 on Accounting for Derivatives, the Company has decided for early adoption of Accounting Standard (AS) 30 on Financial Instruments : Recognition and Measurement, in so far as it relates to derivative accounting, from 01st April, 2009. Accordingly, net loss arising on fair valuation of outstanding derivatives as on 01st April, 2009 amounting to Rs. 230.58 crores (net of deferred tax of Rs. 118.73 crores) has been adjusted against general reserve following transitional provisions. Accounting for all derivatives from 01st April, 2009 have been done as prescribed under the AS. As a result, net gain / (loss) of Rs. (236.12) crores and Rs. 167.75 crores & Rs. 246.09 crores for the year ended 31st March, 2010 have been included under Sales and Raw Materials Consumed & Other Expenses (in Manufacturing and Other Expenses), respectively, with consequential impact on profit for the year ended 31st March, 2010. The figures of the current year in respect of above items are, therefore, not comparable with those of the previous year.

(ii) In respect of Defined contribution schemes –

(a) The Guidance Notes on Implementation of Accounting Standard 15 (revised) issued by the ICAI states that provident fund set up by the employers, which require interest shortfall to be met by the employers, needs to be treated as defined benefit plan. The fund set up by the Company does not have existing deficit of interest shortfall. With regard to future obligation arising due to interest shortfall, pending issuance of the guidance notes from Actuarial Society of India, the Companys actuary has expressed his inability to reliably measure the provident fund liability. The Company contributes 12% of salary for all eligible employees towards Provident Fund managed either by approved trusts or by the Central Government. The amount debited to Profit & Loss Account during the year was Rs. 50.62 crores (previous year Rs. 47.62 crores).

(b) The Company also contributes a certain percentage of salary for all eligible employees in managerial cadre towards Superannuation Funds managed by approved trusts or by Life Insurance Corporation of India. The amount debited to Profit & Loss Account during the year was Rs. 9.38 crores (previous year Rs. 7.52 crores).

16. Derivative Financial instruments

(i) (a) In the ordinary course of business, the Company is exposed to risks resulting from changes in prices of commodity, exchange rate fluctuation and interest rate movements. It manages its exposure to these risks through derivative financial instruments. It uses derivative instruments such as forwards, futures, swaps and options to manage these risks. Such derivative financial instruments are used as risk management tools only and not for speculative purposes. These derivative financial instruments reduce the impact of both favourable and unfavourable fluctuations. Except where noted, the derivative contracts are marked- to-market (MTM) and the related gains and losses are included in Profit & Loss Account in the current accounting period.

The Company s risk management activities are subject to the management, direction and control of Risk Management Board (RMB). The RMB is composed of two directors including Managing Director, Chief Financial Officer and other officers and employees selected by the Managing Director. The RMB reports to the Board of Directors on the scope of its activities.

The decision of whether and when to execute derivative financial instruments along with its tenure can vary from period to period depending on market conditions and the relative costs of the instruments. The tenure is always linked to the timing of the underlying exposure, with the connection between the two being regularly monitored.

The Company is exposed to losses in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to the derivative contracts. All derivative contracts are executed with counterparties that, in our judgment, are creditworthy. The credit levels are reviewed to ensure that there is not an inappropriate concentration of outstanding to any particular counterparty.

Commodity Price Risk

Copper and Precious Metals

This business is conducted under a conversion model. The prices of input and output are derived from the same benchmark and/or are linked to each other through a defined formula. The objective of risk management is to attempt to use hedging to balance out the price fluctuations on the input and output side so as to pass through the change in input cost to customers to make the margins immune to the fluctuations in prices of the input and output.

Aluminium

This business is vertically integrated. The main raw material viz. bauxite (mostly mined from own mines) and other purchased raw materials do not have any linkage with the output price which is Aluminium LME prices. When the prices of input(s) and output(s) do not follow the above condition, then risk management attempts to use hedging so as to protect the margins from adverse movements in prices on either side, i.e. from a rise in input cost or from a fall in output price.

As a condition of sale, customers often require the Company to enter into fixed price commitments. These commitments expose the Company to the risk of fluctuating aluminum prices between the time the order is committed and the time that the material is shipped. The Company may enter into derivative financial instruments to mitigate the risk arising out of the fixed price commitments. Consequently, the gain or loss resulting from movements in the price of aluminum on these contracts would generally be offset by an equal and opposite impact on the net sales and purchases being hedged.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Exchange rate movements, particularly the United States Dollar (USD) and Euro (EUR) against Indian Rupee (INR), have an impact on our operating results. In addition to the foreign exchange flow from exports, the commodity prices in the domestic market are derived based on the landed cost of imports in India where LME prices and USDINR exchange rate are the main factors. In case of conversion business, the objective is to match the exchange rate of outflows and related inflows through derivative financial instruments. With respect to Aluminium business where costs are predominantly in INR, the strengthening of INR against USD adversely affects the profitability of the business and benefits when INR depreciates against USD. The company enters into various foreign exchange contracts to protect profitability.

The Company also enters into various foreign exchange contracts to mitigate the risk arising out of foreign currency exchange rate movement in foreign currency contracts executed with foreign suppliers to procure capital items for its project activities.

Cash Flow Hedges

For derivative financial instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss is reported as a component of Hedging Reserve and reclassified into Profit & Loss Account in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects Profit & Loss Account. Gains and losses on the derivative financial instruments representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in Profit & Loss Account.

17. Related Party Disclosures

A. List of Related Parties (a) Subsidiaries of the Company

Aditya Birla Minerals Limited

2 Birla Nifty Pty Limited

3 Birla Maroochydore Pty Limited

4 Birla Mt Gordon Pty Limited

5 Birla Resources Pty Limited

6 Dahej Harbour and Infrastructure Limited

7 Aditya Birla Chemicals (India) Limited

8 Hindalco-Almex Aerospace Limited

9 Indal Exports Limited

10 Lucknow Finance Company Limited Minerals & Minerals Limited

12 Renuka Investments & Finance Limited

13 Renukeshwar Investments & Finance Limited

14 Suvas Holdings Limited

15 Utkal Alumina International Limited

16 East Coast Bauxite Mining Company Private Limited

17 Tubed Coal Mines Limited

18 AV Minerals (Netherlands) B. V. 1 9 AV Metals Inc.

20 AV Aluminum Inc.

21 HAAL (USA) Inc.

22 Mauda Energy Limited

23 Novelis Inc.

24 Novelis Benelux NV

25 Albrasilis - Aluminio do Brasil Industria e Comercia Ltda

26 Novelis do Brasil Ltda.

27 4260848 Canada Inc.

28 4260856 Canada Inc.

29 Novelis Cast House Technology Ltd.

30 Novelis No. 1 Limited Partnership

31 Novelis Foil France SAS

32 Novelis Lamines France SAS

33 Novelis PAE SAS

34 Novelis Aluminium Beteiligungs GmbH

35 Novelis Deutschland GmbH

36 Novelis Aluminium Holding Company

37 Novelis Italia SpA

38 Novelis Luxembourg SA

39 Alcom Nikkei Specialty Coatings Sdn Berhad

40 Aluminum Company of Malaysia Berhad

41 A1 Dotcom Sdn Berhad

42 Novelis (India) Infotech Ltd.

43 Novelis de Mexico SA de CV

44 Novelis Korea Ltd.

45 Novelis Belgique SA

46 Novelis AG

47 Novelis Switzerland SA

48 Novelis Technology AG

49 Evermore Recycling LLC (J-V)

50 Novelis Europe Holdings Limited

51 Novelis UK Ltd.

52 Aluminum Upstream Holdings LLC (Delaware)

53 Eurofoil, Inc. (USA) (New York)

54 Logan Aluminium Inc. (Delaware)

55 Novelis Corporation (Texas)

56 Novelis Brand LLC (Delaware)

57 Novelis PAE Corp (Delaware)

58 Novelis South America Holdings LLC

59 Novelis Madeira, Unipessoal, Lda

60 Novelis Services Limited

(b) Trust of the Company

Trident Trust

(c) Joint Venture

Hydromine Global Minerals GMBH Limited 2 Mahan Coal Limited

(d) Associates of the Company

Aditya Birla Science & Technology Company Limited

2 Consorcio Candonga

3 France Aluminium Recyclage SA

4 Aluminium Norf GmbH

5 Deutsche Aluminium Verpackung Recycling GmbH

6 MiniMRF LLC (Delaware)

7 IDEA Cellular Limited

(e) Key Managerial Personnel:

Mr. D. Bhattacharya - Managing Director

18. (a) Primary Segment Reporting (by Business Segment):

(i) The Company has two reportable segments viz. Aluminium and Copper which have been identified in line with the Accounting Standard 17 on Segment Reporting, taking into account the organizational structure as well as differential risk and return of these segments. Details of products included in each segments are as under:

Aluminium: Hydrate & Alumina, Aluminium and Aluminium Products.

Copper : Continuous Cast Copper Rods, Copper Cathode, Sulphuric Acid, DAP & Complexes, Gold and Silver.

(ii) Inter-segment transfers are based on market rates.

19. The amount transferable to Investor Education and Protection Fund does not include any amount due and outstanding to be transferred to said fund except Rs. 0.07 crores (previous year Rs. 0.07 crores) which is held in abeyance due to legal case pending.

20. Information related to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 (the Act) is disclosed hereunder. The information given below has been determined to the extent such parties have been identified on the basis of information available with the Company:

21. Figures of the previous year have been regrouped / rearranged wherever necessary.al instruments to mitigate the risk arising out of the fixed price commitments. Consequently, the gain or loss resulting from movements in the price of aluminum on these contracts would generally be offset by an equal and opposite impact on the net sales and purchases being hedged.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Exchange rate movements, particularly the United States Dollar (USD) and Euro (EUR) against Indian Rupee (INR), have an impact on our operating results. In addition to the foreign exchange flow from exports, the commodity prices in the domestic market are derived based on the landed cost of imports in India where LME prices and USDINR exchange rate are the main factors. In case of conversion business, the objective is to match the exchange rate of outflows and related inflows through derivative financial instruments. With respect to Aluminium business where costs are predominantly in INR, the strengthening of INR against USD adversely affects the profitability of the business and benefits when INR depreciates against USD. The company enters into various foreign exchange contracts to protect profitability.

The Company also enters into various foreign exchange contracts to mitigate the risk arising out of foreign currency exchange rate movement in foreign currency contracts executed with foreign suppliers to procure capital items for its project activities.

Cash Flow Hedges

For derivative financial instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss is reported as a component of Hedging Reserve and reclassified into Profit & Loss Account in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects Profit & Loss Account. Gains and losses on the derivative financial instruments representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in Profit & Loss Account.

21. Related Party Disclosures

A. List of Related Parties (a) Subsidiaries of the Company

Aditya Birla Minerals Limited

2 Birla Nifty Pty Limited

3 Birla Maroochydore Pty Limited

4 Birla Mt Gordon Pty Limited

5 Birla Resources Pty Limited

6 Dahej Harbour and Infrastructure Limited

7 Aditya Birla Chemicals (India) Limited

8 Hindalco-Almex Aerospace Limited

9 Indal Exports Limited

10 Lucknow Finance Company Limited Minerals & Minerals Limited

12 Renuka Investments & Finance Limited

13 Renukeshwar Investments & Finance Limited

14 Suvas Holdings Limited

15 Utkal Alumina International Limited

16 East Coast Bauxite Mining Company Private Limited

17 Tubed Coal Mines Limited

18 AV Minerals (Netherlands) B. V.

19 AV Metals Inc.

20 AV Aluminum Inc.

21 HAAL (USA) Inc.

22 Mauda Energy Limited

23 Novelis Inc.

24 Novelis Benelux NV

25 Albrasilis - Aluminio do Brasil Industria e Comercia Ltda

26 Novelis do Brasil Ltda.

27 4260848 Canada Inc.

28 4260856 Canada Inc.

29 Novelis Cast House Technology Ltd.

30 Novelis No. 1 Limited Partnership

31 Novelis Foil France SAS

32 Novelis Lamines France SAS

33 Novelis PAE SAS

34 Novelis Aluminium Beteiligungs GmbH

35 Novelis Deutschland GmbH

36 Novelis Aluminium Holding Company

37 Novelis Italia SpA

38 Novelis Luxembourg SA

39 Alcom Nikkei Specialty Coatings Sdn Berhad

40 Aluminum Company of Malaysia Berhad

41 A1 Dotcom Sdn Berhad

42 Novelis (India) Infotech Ltd.

43 Novelis de Mexico SA de CV

44 Novelis Korea Ltd.

45 Novelis Belgique SA

46 Novelis AG

47 Novelis Switzerland SA

48 Novelis Technology AG

49 Evermore Recycling LLC (J-V)

50 Novelis Europe Holdings Limited

51 Novelis UK Ltd.

52 Aluminum Upstream Holdings LLC (Delaware)

53 Eurofoil, Inc. (USA) (New York)

54 Logan Aluminium Inc. (Delaware)

55 Novelis Corporation (Texas)

56 Novelis Brand LLC (Delaware)

57 Novelis PAE Corp (Delaware)

58 Novelis South America Holdings LLC

59 Novelis Madeira, Unipessoal, Lda

60 Novelis Services Limited

(b) Trust of the Company

Trident Trust

(c) Joint Venture

Hydromine Global Minerals GMBH Limited

2 Mahan Coal Limited

(d) Associates of the Company

Aditya Birla Science & Technology Company Limited

2 Consorcio Candonga

3 France Aluminium Recyclage SA

4 Aluminium Norf GmbH

5 Deutsche Aluminium Verpackung Recycling GmbH

6 MiniMRF LLC (Delaware)

7 IDEA Cellular Limited

(e) Key Managerial Personnel:

Mr. D. Bhattacharya - Managing Director

22. (a) Primary Segment Reporting (by Business Segment):

(i) The Company has two reportable segments viz. Aluminium and Copper which have been identified in line with the Accounting Standard 17 on Segment Reporting, taking into account the organizational structure as well as differential risk and return of these segments. Details of products included in each segments are as under:

Aluminium: Hydrate & Alumina, Aluminium and Aluminium Products.

Copper : Continuous Cast Copper Rods, Copper Cathode, Sulphuric Acid, DAP & Complexes, Gold and Silver.

(ii) Inter-segment transfers are based on market rates.

23. The amount transferable to Investor Education and Protection Fund does not include any amount due and outstanding to be transferred to said fund except Rs. 0.07 crores (previous year Rs. 0.07 crores) which is held in abeyance due to legal case pending.

24. Information related to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 (the Act) is disclosed hereunder. The information given below has been determined to the extent such parties have been identified on the basis of information available with the Company:

25. Figures of the previous year have been regrouped / rearranged wherever necessary.

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