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Accounting Policies of Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2023

1 Corporate information

Kirloskar Oil Engines Limited (''the Company'') is a public limited Company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The registered office of the Company is located at Laxmanrao Kirloskar Road, Khadki, Pune, Maharashtra- 411003. The equity shares of the Company are listed on two recognised stock exchanges in India i.e. Bombay Stock Exchange Limited and National Stock Exchange of India Limited.

The Company is engaged in the business of manufacturing of engines, generating sets, pump sets and power tillers and spares thereof. The Company has manufacturing facilities in the state of Maharashtra.

2 Basis of preparation of financial statements

The Company''s financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 and the Indian Accounting Standards (''Ind AS'') as issued under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and amendments thereof issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs in exercise of the powers conferred by section 133 read with rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014. In addition, the guidance notes/announcements issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) and the guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India are also applied.

The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis following historical cost convention, except for,

(i) certain financial assets and financial liabilities that are measured at fair value or amortised cost in accordance with Ind AS.

(ii) defined benefit plans - plan assets measured at fair value.

(iii) Equity settled share based payments

Amounts in the financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees in crore rounded off to two decimal places as permitted by Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013 unless otherwise stated.

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorized for issue on 19 May 2023.

3 Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions

The preparation of the Company''s financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods. The Company continually evaluates these estimates and assumptions based on the most recently available information. The management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable.

3.1 Judgements

I n the process of applying the Company''s accounting policies, the management has made the following judgements, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements:

Government grants and Incentives

The Company was eligible for Industrial promotion subsidy (IPS) under Packaged Scheme of Incentive (PSI) 2001 from 1 April 2008 to 31 March 2017. The Company had received an extension of the said scheme of incentives, for a further period of 2 years i.e. till 31 March 2019 along with the extension of original operative period by 2 years and compliances thereof. Further the Company had determined the grant as a grant related to income based on the evaluation of terms and conditions attached to the eligibility of grant and the Company accounts for the grant as income in Statement of Profit and Loss.

Leases

Ind AS 116 ''Leases'' provides for certain recognition exemptions for short term leases as well as provides for certain criteria when the lease contracts are nonenforceable. The determination of lease term for the purpose of availing such exemptions and evaluation of such criteria for non-enforceability of a contract involves significant judgement.

Capital work-in-progress

Project is construed as smallest group of assets having a common intended use. Group of assets in an integrated plant is treated as one project. The identification of project will require judgement and management needs to identify project based on facts of each case. Project identification is consistent with how management identifies and monitors progress on group of assets internally.

Revenue recognition

The Company recognises revenue for each performance obligation either at a point in time or over a time. In case performance obligation is satisfied over a time, the output method is used to determine the revenue since it is faithfully depicting the Company''s performance towards complete satisfaction of performance obligation. Practical expedient of “right to consideration” is also considered while recognising revenue in the amount to which the entity has right to invoice.

In case performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time, the Company generally recognises revenue when the control is transferred i.e. in case of goods either on shipment or upon delivery in domestic & on bill of lading date in case of export. In case of services, the revenue is recognised based on completion of distinct performance obligation. Refer significant accounting policy Note 41.4.17 & Note 41.5.8 on revenue recognition for information about methods, input and assumptions w.r.t transaction price & variable consideration.

3.2 Estimates and assumptions

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation, uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. The Company bases its assumptions and estimates on information available till the date of approval of these financial statements. The estimates and assumptions used, however may change based on future developments, due to market environment or due to circumstances arising that are beyond the control of the Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions and estimates when they occur.

Defined benefit plans

The cost of the defined benefit plans and other postemployment benefits and the present value of the obligation are determined using actuarial valuation. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, mortality rates and future post-retirement medical benefit increase. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.

The most sensitive parameter is the discount rate. In determining the appropriate discount rate, management considers the interest rates of government bonds in currencies consistent with the currencies of the postemployment benefit obligation and extrapolated as needed along the yield curve to correspond with the expected term of the defined benefit obligation.

The mortality rate is based on publicly available mortality tables. Those mortality tables tend to change only at intervals in response to demographic changes. Future salary increases are mainly based on expected future inflation rates for the country.

Further details about defined benefit obligations are provided in Note 41.5.9.

Development costs

The Company capitalises development costs for a project in accordance with its accounting policy. Initially, capitalisation of costs is based on management''s judgement that the technological and economic feasibility is confirmed when a product development project has reached a defined milestone, according to an established project management model. In determining the amounts to be capitalised, management makes assumptions regarding the expected future cash generation of the project and the expected period of benefits.

For further details about the carrying amount of development costs capitalised as internally generated intangible assets and as intangible assets under development, Refer Note 2.

Warranty

The Company recognises provision for warranties in respect of the products that it sells. The estimates are established using historical information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidences based on actions on product failures.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences including the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.

Business combinations

In accounting of Business Combinations, estimation is involved in recognising contingent consideration. This measurement is based on information available at the acquisition date and is based on expectations and assumptions that have been deemed reasonable by management.

Any subsequent changes to the fair value of contingent consideration classified as liabilities, other than measurement period adjustments, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Share based payments

Estimating fair value for share based payment transactions requires determination of the most appropriate valuation model, which is dependent on the terms and conditions of the grant. This estimate also requires determination of the most appropriate inputs to the valuation model including the expected life of the share option, volatility and dividend yield and making assumptions about them. The assumptions and models used for estimating fair value for share based payment transactions are disclosed in Note 41.5.19

4 Significant accounting policies

4.1 Current Vs. Non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the Balance Sheet based on Current/Non-current classification.

An asset is treated as current when it is:

a. Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle

b. Held primarily for the purpose of trading

c. Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or

d. Cash or cash equivalents unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

All other assets are classified as Non-current.

A liability is current when it is:

a. Expected to be settled in normal operating cycle

b. Held primarily for the purpose of trading

c. Due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

d. There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as Noncurrent assets and liabilities.

The Company classifies all other liabilities as Noncurrent.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents.

4.2 Fair value measurement

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

In the principal market for the asset or liability

Or

In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant''s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.

Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

The Company''s management determines the policies and procedures for both recurring fair value measurement, such as derivative instruments and unquoted financial assets measured at fair value.

External valuation experts are involved for valuation of significant assets and liabilities. Involvement of external valuation experts is decided upon annually by the management.

Methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair

values are consistently followed.

4.3 Property, plant and equipment

a. Property, plant and equipment and capital work-in-progress are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and/or accumulated impairment losses, if any. Cost represents all expenses directly attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition capable of operating in the manner intended. Such cost includes the cost of replacing parts of the property, plant and equipment and borrowing costs for long-term construction projects if the recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of property, plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company recognises such parts as individual assets with specific useful lives and depreciates them accordingly. Likewise, when a major inspection is performed, its cost is recognised in the carrying amount of the Property, plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred.

b. Capital work-in-progress comprises cost of Property, plant and equipment that are not yet installed and not ready for their intended use at the Balance Sheet date.

c. Own manufactured assets are capitalised at cost including an appropriate share of allocable expenses.

d. Project is construed as smallest group of assets having a common intended use. Group of assets in an integrated plant is treated as one project. Project identification is consistent with how management identifies and monitors progress on group of assets internally.

e. When temporary suspension is a necessary part of the process of getting an asset ready for its intended use, the project is not considered to have been temporarily suspended and the CWIP related to such projects should continue to be presented under ‘Projects in progress''.

- Depreciation on additions is provided from the beginning of the month in which the asset is added.

- Depreciation on assets sold, discarded or demolished during the year is being provided at their respective rates on pro-rata basis up to the end of the month prior to the month in which such assets are sold, discarded or demolished.

- Foreign exchange fluctuation gain/loss on imported plant and equipment were capitalised in the cost of the respective fixed asset up to transition date of Ind AS. Depreciation on such additions is provided over the remaining useful life of the underlying plant and equipment.

*The Company, based on technical assessments made by technical experts and management estimates depreciates certain items of plant and equipment; building; computers; furniture and fixtures; vehicles and aircraft over estimated useful lives which are different from the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013. The management believes that these estimated useful lives are realistic and reflect fair approximation of the period over which the assets are likely to be used.

An item of Property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the

carrying amount of the asset) is included in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of Property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

4.4 Intangible assets

Intangible assets are recognised when it is probable that the future economic benefits that are attributable to the assets will flow to the Company and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably.

Intangible assets are recorded at the consideration paid for acquisition. In case of internally generated intangible assets, expenditure incurred in development phase, where it is reasonably certain that the outcome of development will be commercially exploited to yield future economic benefits to the Company, is considered as an intangible asset. Such developmental expenditure is capitalized at cost including a share of allocable expenses.

Other internally generated intangibles are not capitalised and the related expenditure is reflected in the Statement of Profit & Loss for the period in which expenditure is incurred.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite. The amortisation period and amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates.

Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortised by using straight line method over the useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired.

Sr. No.

Asset category

Life (in years)

1

Computer Software

5

2

Drawings & Designs

10

3

Technical Knowhow -acquired

6

4

Technical Knowhow -Internally generated

3 to 5

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives, if any are not amortised, but are tested for impairment annually, either individually or at the cash-generating unit level. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to

be supportable. If not, the change in useful life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.

Intangible assets not ready for the intended use on the date of the Balance Sheet are disclosed as "Intangible assets under development".

4.5 Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are capitalised till the month in which the asset is ready to use, as part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognised as expenses in the period in which these are incurred.

4.6 Impairment of non financial assets

The Company assesses at each Balance Sheet date whether there is any indication due to internal or external factors that an asset or a group of assets comprising a Cash Generating Unit (CGU) may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the assets. If such recoverable amount of the assets or the recoverable amount of the CGU to which the asset belongs is less than the carrying amount of the assets or the CGU as the case may be, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. If at any subsequent Balance Sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost and is accordingly reversed in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and intangible assets not yet available for use are tested for impairment at least annually, and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. An impairment loss for an asset is reversed if, and only if, the reversal can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognised or relates to a change in the estimate of the recoverable amount in the previous periods.

4.7 Financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in the Statement of Profit or Loss.

a Financial assets

i Initial recognition and measurement of financial assets

All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial assets. However, trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component are measured at transaction price.

ii Subsequent measurement of financial assets

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in three categories:

- Financial assets at amortised cost

- Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI)

- Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

- Debt instrument :

A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if:

- the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows, and

- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

This category is most relevant to the Company . After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost by applying the effective interest rate (''EIR''). The amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any premium or discount on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in other income in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

- Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

A financial asset is measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if:

- the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both

collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets, and

- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets, until they are derecognised or reclassified, are subsequently measured at fair value with unrealised gains or losses recognised in other comprehensive income except for interest income, impairment gains or losses and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

- Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset is measured at fair value through profit or loss unless it is measured at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income.

Equity instrument :

Investment in equity instruments issued by subsidiary are measured at cost.

Investments in equity instruments issued by other than subsidiaries are classified as at FVTPL, unless the related instruments are not held for trading and the Company irrevocably elects on initial recognition to present subsequent changes in fair value in Other comprehensive income.

In addition, the Company may elect to classify a financial asset, which otherwise meets amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income criteria, as at fair value through profit or loss. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ‘accounting mismatch'').

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value with unrealised gains or losses recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

iii Derecognition of financial assets

A financial asset is derecognised when:

- the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire,

or

- The Company has transferred its contractual rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received

cash flows in full without material delay to a third party and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company''s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.

v Impairment of financial assets

In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial assets and credit risk exposure:

- Financial assets that are debt instruments, and are measured at amortised cost.

- Financial assets that are debt instruments and are measured as at FVOCI

- Lease receivables under Ind AS 116

- Trade receivables under Ind AS 115

iv Reclassification of financial assets

The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent. The Company''s senior management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company''s operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of the immediately next reporting period following the change in business model. The Company does not restate any previously recognised gains, losses (including impairment gains or losses) or interest.

The Company follows ‘simplified approach'' for

recognition of impairment loss allowance on:

• Trade receivables resulting from transactions within the scope of Ind AS 115, if they do not contain a significant financing component

• Trade receivables or contract assets resulting from transactions within the scope of Ind AS 115 that contain a significant financing component, if the Company applies practical expedient to ignore separation of time value of money, and

• All lease receivables resulting from transactions within the scope of Ind AS 116

The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the entity reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events on a financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive (i.e. all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. When estimating the cash flows, an entity is required to consider:

• All contractual terms of the financial instrument (including prepayment, extension, call and similar options) over the expected life of the financial instrument. However, in rare cases when the expected life of the financial instrument cannot be estimated reliably, then the Company is required to use the remaining contractual term of the financial instrument.

• Cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms.

ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognised during the period is recognised as income/ expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. This amount is reflected in a separate line in the Statement of Profit and Loss as an impairment gain or loss. The Balance Sheet presentation for various financial instruments is described below:

• Financial assets measured as at amortised cost, contract assets and lease receivables: ECL is presented as an allowance, i.e. as an integral part of the measurement of those assets in the Balance Sheet. The allowance reduces the net carrying amount. Until the asset meets write-off criteria, the Company does not derecognise impairment allowance from the gross carrying amount.

• Loan commitments: ECL is presented as a provision in the Balance Sheet, i.e. as a liability.

For assessing increase in credit risk and impairment loss, the Company combines financial instruments on the basis of shared credit risk characteristics with the objective of facilitating an analysis that is designed to enable significant increases in credit risk to be identified on a timely basis.

The Company does not have any purchased or originated credit-impaired (POCI) financial assets, i.e., financial assets which are credit impaired on purchase/ origination.

b Financial Liabilities

i Initial recognition and measurement of financial liabilities

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value minus, in the case of financial liabilities not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the issue of the financial liabilities.

ii Subsequent measurement of financial liabilities

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial liabilities are classified and measured as follows:

- Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind AS 109.

- Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risks are recognised in OCI. These gains/ losses are not subsequently transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company has

not designated any financial liability as at fair value through the Statement of Profit and Loss.

- Loans and borrowings at amortised cost

This is the category most relevant to the Company. After initial recognition, interestbearing borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process.

Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

iii Derecognition of financial liabilities

A financial liability (or a part of a financial liability) is derecognised from its Balance Sheet when, and only when, it is extinguished i.e. when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged or cancelled or expired.

When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

iv Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the assets and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counter party.

4.8 Derivatives

Company uses derivative contracts to hedge its exposure against movements in foreign exchange rates. The use of derivative contracts is intended to reduce the risk or cost to the Company. Derivative contracts are not used for trading or speculation purpose.

All derivatives are measured at fair value through the profit or loss unless they form part of a qualifying cash flow hedge, in which case the fair value is taken to reserves

and released into the Statement of Profit and Loss at the same time as the risks on the hedged instrument are recognised therein. Any hedge ineffectiveness will result in the relevant proportion of the fair value remaining in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Fair values are derived primarily from discounted cash-flow models, optionpricing models and from third-party quotes. Derivatives are carried as assets when their fair values are positive and as liabilities when their fair values are negative. All hedging activity is explicitly identified and documented by the Company.

4.9 Foreign currency transactions a Initial recognition

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in Indian currency (the "functional and presentation currency"), by applying the exchange rate between the Indian currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

b Conversion

Current assets and current liabilities, secured loans, being monetary items, designated in foreign currencies are revalorized at the rate prevailing on the date of Balance Sheet or forward contract rate or other appropriate rate.

c Exchange differences

Exchange differences arising on the settlement and conversion of foreign currency transactions are recognised as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise, except in cases where they relate to the acquisition of qualifying assets, in which cases they were adjusted in the cost of the corresponding asset. Further, as per extant circulars issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, eligible exchange difference on foreign currency loans utilized for acquisition of assets, was adjusted in the cost of the asset to be depreciated over the balance life of the asset up to transition date of Ind AS.

4.10 Leases

Lease is a contract that provides to the customer (lessee) the right to use an asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

a Where the Company is a lessee

A lessee is required to recognise assets and liabilities for all leases and to recognise depreciation of leased assets separately from interest on lease liabilities in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company uses the practical expedient to apply the requirements of this standard to a portfolio of leases with similar characteristics if the effects on the financial statements of applying to the portfolio does not differ materially from applying the requirement to the individual leases within that portfolio.

However, when the lessee and the lessor each have the right to terminate the lease without permission from the other party with no more than an insignificant penalty the Company considers that lease to be no longer enforceable. Also according to Ind AS 116, for leases with a lease term of 12 months or less (short-term leases) and for leases for which the underlying asset is of low value, the lessee is not required to recognise right-of-use asset and a lease liability. The Company applies both recognition exemptions. The lease payments associated with those leases are generally recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term or another systematic basis if appropriate.

Right-of-use assets:

Right-of-use assets, which are included under Property, plant and equipment, are measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation and, if necessary, any accumulated impairment. The cost of a right-of-use asset comprises the present value of the outstanding lease payments plus any lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received, any initial direct costs and an estimate of costs to be incurred in dismantling or removing the underlying asset. In this context, the Company also applies the practical expedient that the payments for non-lease components are generally recognised as lease payments. If the lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the lessee at the end of the lease term or if the cost of the right-of-use asset reflects that the lessee will exercise a purchase option, the right-of-use asset is depreciated to the end of the useful life of the underlying asset. Otherwise, the right-of-use asset is depreciated to the end of the lease term.

Lease liability

Lease liabilities, which are assigned to financing liabilities, are measured initially at the present value of the lease payments. Subsequent measurement of a lease liability includes the increase of the carrying amount to reflect interest on the lease liability and reducing the carrying amount to reflect the lease payments made.

Lease modification

For a lease modification that is not accounted for as a separate lease, the Company accounts for the re-measurement of the lease liability by making a corresponding adjustment to the right-of-use asset.

b Where the Company is a lessor -

Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Where the Company is a lessor under an operating lease, the asset is capitalised within Property, plant and equipment and depreciated over its useful economic life. Payments received under operating leases are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

4.11 Inventories

a Raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at cost or net realisable value whichever is lower. Cost includes all cost of purchase and incidental expenses incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is ascertained using weighted average method.

b Work-in-progress including finished components and finished goods are valued at cost or realisable value whichever is lower. Cost includes direct materials, labour costs and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on the normal operating capacity.

c Materials-in-transit and materials in bonded warehouse are valued at actual cost incurred up to the date of Balance Sheet.

d Unserviceable, damaged and obsolete inventory is valued at cost or net realisable value whichever is lower.

e Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

4.12 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. Cash and cash equivalents consist of balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.

4.13 Taxes

Current income tax

Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amounts expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities; on the basis of the taxable profits computed for the current accounting period in accordance with Income Tax Act, 1961. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Current income tax relating to items recognised in Other comprehensive income or directly in equity is recognised in other comprehensive income (''OCI'') or in equity, respectively, and not in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences, except:

- When the deferred tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss;

- In respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint arrangements, when the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences including, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised, except:

- When the deferred tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss;

- In respect of deductible temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint arrangements, deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that the temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future and taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside the Statement of Profit and Loss is recognised outside the profit or loss. Deferred tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

Sales tax / Goods and Services Tax (''GST'')

Expenses and assets are recognised net of the amount of sales tax / GST, except:

- When the sales tax/GST incurred on a purchase of assets or services is not recoverable from the taxation authority, in which case, the sales tax/GST is recognised as part of the cost of acquisition of the asset or as part of the expense item, as applicable.

- When receivables and payables are stated with the amount of sales tax/GST included.

The net amount of sales tax/GST recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority is included as part of receivables or payables in the Balance Sheet.

4.14 Non-current assets held for sale and discontinuing operations

a Non-current assets held for sale

Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying amounts will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather through continuing use. Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. This condition is regarded as met only when the sale is highly probable and the asset or disposal group is available for immediate use in its present condition. Management must be committed to the sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification.

b Discontinuing operations

Discontinuing operations are excluded from the results of continuing operations and are presented as a single amount as profit or loss after tax from discontinued operations in the Statement of Profit and Loss account.

Assets and liabilities classified as held for distribution are presented separately from other assets and liabilities in the Balance Sheet.

A disposal group qualifies as discontinued operation if it is a component of an entity that either has been disposed of, or is classified as held for sale, and:

i Represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations,

ii Is part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations

OR

iii Is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale

An entity does not depreciate (or amortise) a Non-current asset while it is classified as held for sale or while it is part of a disposal group classified as held for sale.

4.15 Employee benefits

a Short term employee benefits

The distinction between short term and long term employee benefits is based on expected timing of settlement rather than the employee''s entitlement benefits. All employee benefits payable within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term benefits. Such benefits include salaries, wages, bonus, short term compensated absences, awards, exgratia, performance pay etc. and are recognised in the period in which the employee renders the related service.

b Post-employment benefits

i Defined contribution plan

The Company makes payment to approved superannuation schemes, state government provident fund scheme and employee state insurance scheme which are defined contribution plans. The contribution paid/payable under the schemes is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss during the period in which the employee renders the related service. The Company has no further obligations under these schemes beyond its periodic contributions.

ii Defined benefit plan

The employee''s gratuity fund scheme, pension, post-retirement medical and long term service award benefit schemes are Company''s defined benefit plans. The present value of the obligation under such defined benefit plans is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method as at the date of the Balance Sheet. In case of funded plans, the fair value of plan asset is reduced from the gross obligation under the defined benefit plans, to recognise the obligation on a net basis.

Re-measurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognised immediately in the Balance Sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Re-measurements are not reclassified to the statement of profit and loss in subsequent periods.

Past service costs are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on the earlier of:

• The date of the plan amendment or curtailment, and

• The date that the Company recognises related restructuring costs

Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The Company recognises the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss:

• Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailments and non-routine settlements; and

• Net interest expense or income. c Other long term employment benefits:

The employee''s long term compensated absences are Company''s other long term benefit plans. The present value of the obligation is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method as at the date of the Balance Sheet. In case of funded plans, the fair value of plan asset is reduced from the gross obligation, to recognise the obligation on a net basis.

In regard to other long term employment benefits, the Company recognises the net total of service costs; net interest on the net defined benefit liability (asset); and remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability (asset) in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

d Termination benefits :

Termination benefits such as compensation under voluntary retirement scheme are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which termination benefits become payable or when the Company determines that it can no longer withdraw the offer of those benefits, whichever is earlier.

4.16 Provisions, contingencies and commitments

Necessary provisions are made for the present obligations that arise out of past events entailing future outflow of economic resources. Such provisions reflect best estimates based on available information.


Mar 31, 2022

1 Corporate information

Kirloskar Oil Engines Limited (''the Company'') is a public limited Company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The registered office of the Company is located at Laxmanrao Kirloskar Road, Khadki, Pune, Maharashtra- 411003. The equity shares of the Company are listed on two recognised stock exchanges in India i.e. Bombay Stock Exchange Limited and National Stock Exchange of India Limited.

The Company is engaged in the business of manufacturing of engines, generating sets, pump sets and power tillers and spares thereof. The Company has manufacturing facilities in the state of Maharashtra.

2 Basis of preparation of financial statements

The Company’s financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 and the Indian Accounting Standards (''Ind AS'') as issued under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and amendments thereof issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs in exercise of the powers conferred by section 133 read with rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014. In addition, the guidance notes/announcements issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) and the guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India are also applied.

The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis following historical cost convention, except for,

(i) certain financial assets and financial liabilities that are measured at fair value or amortised cost in accordance with Ind AS.

(ii) defined benefit plans - plan assets measured at fair value.

(iii) Equity settled share based payments.

Amounts in the financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees in crore rounded off to two decimal places as permitted by Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013 unless otherwise stated.

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorized for issue on 19 May 2022.

3 Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions

The preparation of the Company’s financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods. The Company continually evaluates these estimates

and assumptions based on the most recently available information. The management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable.

3.1 Judgements

In the process of applying the Company’s accounting policies, the management has made the following judgements, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements:

Government grants and Incentives

The Company was eligible for Industrial promotion subsidy (IPS) under Packaged Scheme of Incentive (PSI) 2001 from 1 April 2008 to 31 March 2017. The Company has received an extension of the said scheme of incentives, for a further period of 2 years i.e. till 31 March 2019 along with the extension of original operative period by 2 years and compliances thereof. Further the Company had determined the grant as a grant related to income based on the evaluation of terms and conditions attached to the eligibility of grant and the Company accounts for the grant as income in Statement of Profit and Loss.

Leases

Ind AS 116 ''Leases'' provides for certain recognition exemptions for short term leases as well as provides for certain criteria when the lease contracts are nonenforceable. The determination of lease term for the purpose of availing such exemptions and evaluation of such criteria for non-enforceability of a contract involves significant judgement.

Capital work-in-progress

Project is construed as smallest group of assets having a common intended use. For e.g., group of assets in an integrated plant is treated as one project. The identification of project will require judgement and management needs to identify project based on facts of each case. Project identification is consistent with how management identifies and monitors progress on group of assets internally.

Revenue recognition

The Company recognises revenue for each performance obligation either at a point in time or over a time. In case performance obligation is satisfied over a time, the output method is used to determine the revenue since it is faithfully depicting the Company’s performance towards complete satisfaction of performance obligation. Practical expedient of “right to consideration” is also considered while recognising revenue in the amount to which the entity has right to invoice.

In case performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time, the Company generally recognises revenue when the control is transferred i.e. in case of goods either on shipment or upon delivery in domestic & on bill of lading date in case of export. In case of services, the revenue is recognised based on completion of distinct performance obligation. Refer significant accounting policy Note 41.4.17 & Note 41.5.8 on revenue recognition for information about methods, input and assumptions w.r.t transaction price & variable consideration.

3.2 Estimates and assumptions

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. The Company bases its assumptions and estimates on information available till the date of approval of these financial statements. The estimates and assumptions used, however may change based on future developments, due to market environment or due to circumstances arising that are beyond the control of the Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions and estimates when they occur.

Defined benefit plans

The cost of the defined benefit plans and other postemployment benefits and the present value of the obligation are determined using actuarial valuation. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, mortality rates and future post-retirement medical benefit increase. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.

The most sensitive parameter is the discount rate. In determining the appropriate discount rate, management considers the interest rates of government bonds in currencies consistent with the currencies of the postemployment benefit obligation and extrapolated as needed along the yield curve to correspond with the expected term of the defined benefit obligation.

The mortality rate is based on publicly available mortality tables. Those mortality tables tend to change only at intervals in response to demographic changes. Future salary increases are mainly based on expected future inflation rates for the country.

Further details about defined benefit obligations are provided in Note 41.5.9.

Development costs

The Company capitalises development costs for a project in accordance with its accounting policy. Initially, capitalisation of costs is based on management’s judgement that the technological and economic feasibility is confirmed when a product development project has reached a defined milestone, according to an established project management model. In determining the amounts to be capitalised, management makes assumptions regarding the expected future cash generation of the project and the expected period of benefits.

For further details about the carrying amount of development costs capitalised as internally generated intangible assets and as intangible assets under development, Refer Note 2.

Warranty

The Company recognises provision for warranties in respect of the products that it sells. The estimates are established using historical information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidences based on actions on product failures.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences including the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.

Business combinations

In accounting of Business Combinations, estimation is involved in recognising contingent consideration. This measurement is based on information available at the acquisition date and is based on expectations and assumptions that have been deemed reasonable by management.

Any subsequent changes to the fair value of contingent consideration classified as liabilities, other than measurement period adjustments, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Share based payments

Estimating fair value for share based payment transactions requires determination of the most appropriate valuation model, which is dependent on the terms and conditions of the grant. This estimate also requires determination of the most appropriate inputs

to the valuation model including the expected life of the share option, volatility and dividend yield and making assumptions about them. The assumptions and models used for estimating fair value for share based payment transactions are disclosed in Note 41.5.19

Uncertainty relating to Global health pandemic on COVID-19

The Company has considered the possible effects that may result from COVID-19 in the preparation of these financial results including recovering of carrying amounts of financial and non-financial assets. In developing the assumptions relating to the possible future uncertainties in the global economic conditions because of COVID-19, the Company has at the date of approval of financial results, used internal and external sources of information and expects that the carrying amount of the assets will be recovered. The impact of COVID-19 on the Company’s financial results may differ from that estimated as at the date of approval of the same owing to the nature and duration of COVID-19.

4 Significant accounting policies4.1 Current Vs. Non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the Balance

Sheet based on Current/Non-current classification.

An asset is treated as current when it is:

a. Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle

b. Held primarily for the purpose of trading

c. Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or

d. Cash or cash equivalents unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

All other assets are classified as Non-current.

A liability is current when it is:

a. Expected to be settled in normal operating cycle

b. Held primarily for the purpose of trading

c. Due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

d. There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as Noncurrent assets and liabilities.

Depreciation

Depreciation is charged on the basis of useful life of assets on straight line method which are follows:

Asset Category

Life

(in years)

Basis for useful life

Factory buildings

30

Building- Non factory

RCC frame structure

60

*Other than RCC frame structure

30

Fence, Wells, Tube wells

5

Life as prescribed under Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013

Building - Roads

Carpeted roads- RCC

10

Carpeted roads- Other than RCC

5

Non carpeted roads

3

Building - Temporary shed

3

* Plant & Equipment other than pattern

7.5 to 15

Useful life based on Number of Shifts as prescribed under Schedule II of the

tooling

Companies Act, 2013

Plant & Equipment - Pattern tooling

4

Lower useful life considered based on past history of usage and supported by technical evaluation

Computers

Network

6

Life as prescribed under Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013

End user devices, such as, desktops,etc.

3

*Laptops

5

Higher useful life considered based on past history of usage and supported by technical evaluation

Servers

4

Lower useful life considered based on past history of usage and supported by technical evaluation

Electrical installations

10

Life as prescribed under Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013

*Furniture & Fixture

Furniture, fixtures and electrical fittings

10

Life as prescribed under Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013

Furniture , AC , Refrigerators and Water

4

Lower useful life considered based on past history of usage and supported

coolers - Residential premises

by technical evaluation

AC, Refrigerators and Water coolers -

5

Lower useful life considered based on past history of usage and supported

Company and Guest house premises

by technical evaluation

Office equipment

5

Life as prescribed under Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013

*Vehicles

Motorcars, Jeep

5

Lower useful life considered based on past history of usage

Trucks

5

Other vehicles

5

*Aircrafts

15

Lower useful life considered based on past history of usage and supported by technical evaluation

The Company classifies all other liabilities as Non-current.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents.

4.2 Fair value measurement

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

- In the principal market for the asset or liability Or

- In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant''s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

• Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

• Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.

• Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines

whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

The Company’s management determines the policies and procedures for both recurring fair value measurement, such as derivative instruments and unquoted financial assets measured at fair value.

External valuation experts are involved for valuation of significant assets and liabilities. Involvement of external valuation experts is decided upon annually by the management.

Methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair values are consistently followed.

4.3 Property, plant and equipment

a. Property, plant and equipment and capital work-in-progress are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and/ or accumulated impairment losses, if any. Cost represents all expenses directly attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition capable of operating in the manner intended. Such cost includes the cost of replacing parts of the property, plant and equipment and borrowing costs for longterm construction projects if the recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of property, plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company recognises such parts as individual assets with specific useful lives and depreciates them accordingly. Likewise, when a major inspection is performed, its cost is recognised in the carrying amount of the Property, plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred.

b. Capital work-in-progress comprises cost of Property, plant and equipment that are not yet installed and not ready for their intended use at the Balance Sheet date.

c. Own manufactured assets are capitalised at cost including an appropriate share of allocable expenses.

d. Project is construed as smallest group of assets having a common intended use. For e.g., group of assets in an integrated plant is treated as one project. Project identification is consistent with how management identifies and monitors progress on group of assets internally.

e. When temporary suspension is a necessary part of the process of getting an asset ready for its intended use, the project is not considered to have been temporarily suspended and the CWIP related to such projects should continue to be presented under ‘Projects in progress''.

- Depreciation on additions is provided from the beginning of the month in which the asset is added.

- Depreciation on assets sold, discarded or demolished during the year is being provided at their respective rates on pro-rata basis up to the end of the month prior to the month in which such assets are sold, discarded or demolished.

- Foreign exchange fluctuation gain/loss on imported plant and equipment were capitalised in the cost of the respective fixed asset up to transition date of Ind AS. Depreciation on such additions is provided over the remaining useful life of the underlying plant and equipment.

*The Company, based on technical assessments made by technical experts and management estimates depreciates certain items of plant and equipment; building; computers; furniture and fixtures; vehicles and aircraft over estimated useful lives which are different from the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013. The management believes that these estimated useful lives are realistic and reflect fair approximation of the period over which the assets are likely to be used.

An item of Property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of Property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

4.4 Intangible assets

Intangible assets are recognised when it is probable that the future economic benefits that are attributable to the assets will flow to the Company and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably.

Intangible assets are recorded at the consideration paid for acquisition. In case of internally generated intangible assets, expenditure incurred in development phase, where it is reasonably certain that the outcome of development will be commercially exploited to yield future economic benefits to the Company, is considered as an intangible asset. Such developmental expenditure is capitalized at cost including a share of allocable expenses. Other internally generated intangibles are not capitalised and the related expenditure is reflected in the Statement of Profit & Loss for the period in which expenditure is incurred.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite. The amortisation period and amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates.

Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortised by using straight line method over the useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired.

Sr.

No.

Asset category

Life

(in years)

1

Computer Software

5

2

Drawings & Designs

10

3

Technical Knowhow - acquired

6

4

Technical Knowhow - Internally generated

3 to 5

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives, if any are not amortised, but are tested for impairment annually, either individually or at the cash-generating unit level. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in useful life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds

and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.

Intangible assets not ready for the intended use on the date of the Balance Sheet are disclosed as "Intangible assets under development”.

4.5 Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are capitalised till the month in which the asset is ready to use, as part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognised as expenses in the period in which these are incurred.

4.6 Impairment of non financial assets

The Company assesses at each Balance Sheet date whether there is any indication due to internal or external factors that an asset or a group of assets comprising a Cash Generating Unit (CGU) may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the assets. If such recoverable amount of the assets or the recoverable amount of the CGU to which the asset belongs is less than the carrying amount of the assets or the CGU as the case may be, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. If at any subsequent Balance Sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost and is accordingly reversed in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and intangible assets not yet available for use are tested for impairment at least annually, and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. An impairment loss for an asset is reversed if, and only if, the reversal can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognised or relates to a change in the estimate of the recoverable amount in the previous periods.

4.7 Financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in the Statement of Profit or Loss.

a. Financial assetsi Initial recognition and measurement of financial assets

All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value

plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair

value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial assets.

ii Subsequent measurement of financial assets

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in three categories:

- Financial assets at amortised cost

- Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI)

- Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

Debt instrument :A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if:

- the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows, and

- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

This category is most relevant to the Company . After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost by applying the effective interest rate (''EIR''). The amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any premium or discount on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in other income in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

• Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

A financial asset is measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if:

- the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets, and

- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets, until they are derecognised or reclassified, are subsequently measured at fair value with unrealised gains or losses

recognised in other comprehensive income except for interest income, impairment gains or losses and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

• Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset is measured at fair value through profit or loss unless it is measured at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income.

Equity instrument :

Investment in equity instruments issued by subsidiary are measured at cost.

Investments in equity instruments issued by other than subsidiaries are classified as at FVTPL, unless the related instruments are not held for trading and the Company irrevocably elects on initial recognition to present subsequent changes in fair value in Other comprehensive income.

In addition, the Company may elect to classify a financial asset, which otherwise meets amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income criteria, as at fair value through profit or loss. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ‘accounting mismatch’).

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value with unrealised gains or losses recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

iii Derecognition of financial assets

A financial asset is derecognised when:

- the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire,

or

- The Company has transferred its contractual rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither

The following table shows various reclassifications and how they are accounted for.

Original classification

Revised classification

Accounting treatment

Amortised cost

FVTPL

Fair value is measured at reclassification date. Difference between previous amortised cost and fair value is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

FVTPL

Amortised cost

Fair value at reclassification date becomes its new gross carrying amount. EIR is calculated based on the new gross carrying amount.

Amortised cost

FVOCI

Fair value is measured at reclassification date. Difference between previous amortised cost and fair value is recognised in Other comprehensive income (''OCI''). No change in EIR due to reclassification.

FVOCI

Amortised cost

Fair value at reclassification date becomes its new amortised cost carrying amount. However, cumulative gain or loss in OCI is adjusted against fair value. Consequently, the asset is measured as if it had always been measured at amortised cost.

FVTPL

FVOCI

Fair value at reclassification date becomes its new carrying amount. No other adjustment is required.

FVTOCI

FVTPL

Assets continue to be measured at fair value. Cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified to Statement of Profit and Loss at the reclassification date.

transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company’s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.

iv Reclassification of financial assets

The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition,

V Impairment of financial assets

In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial assets and credit risk exposure:

- Financial assets that are debt instruments, and are measured at amortised cost.

- Financial assets that are debt instruments and are measured as at FVOCI

- Lease receivables under Ind AS 116

- Trade receivables under Ind AS 115

no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent. The Company’s senior management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company’s operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of the immediately next reporting period following the change in business model. The Company does not restate any previously recognised gains, losses (including impairment gains or losses) or interest.

The Company follows ‘simplified approach’ for recognition

of impairment loss allowance on:

• Trade receivables resulting from transactions within the scope of Ind AS 115, if they do not contain a significant financing component

• Trade receivables or contract assets resulting from transactions within the scope of Ind AS 115 that contain a significant financing component, if the Company applies practical expedient to ignore separation of time value of money, and

• All lease receivables resulting from transactions within the scope of Ind AS 116

The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the entity reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events on a financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive (i.e. all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. When estimating the cash flows, an entity is required to consider:

• All contractual terms of the financial instrument (including prepayment, extension, call and similar options) over the expected life of the financial instrument. However, in rare cases when the expected life of the financial instrument cannot be estimated reliably, then the Company is required to use the remaining contractual term of the financial instrument.

• Cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms.

ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognised during the period is recognised as income/ expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. This amount is reflected in a separate line in the Statement of Profit and Loss as an impairment gain or loss. The Balance Sheet presentation for various financial instruments is described below:

• Financial assets measured as at amortised cost, contract assets and lease receivables: ECL is presented as an allowance, i.e. as an integral part of the measurement of those assets in the Balance Sheet. The allowance reduces the net carrying

amount. Until the asset meets write-off criteria, the Company does not derecognise impairment allowance from the gross carrying amount.

• Loan commitments: ECL is presented as a provision in the Balance Sheet, i.e. as a liability.

For assessing increase in credit risk and impairment loss, the Company combines financial instruments on the basis of shared credit risk characteristics with the objective of facilitating an analysis that is designed to enable significant increases in credit risk to be identified on a timely basis.

The Company does not have any purchased or originated credit-impaired (POCI) financial assets, i.e., financial assets which are credit impaired on purchase/ origination.

b. Financial Liabilitiesi Initial recognition and measurement of financial liabilities

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value minus, in the case of financial liabilities not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the issue of the financial liabilities.

ii Subsequent measurement of financial liabilities

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial liabilities are classified and measured as follows:

- Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind AS 109.

- Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risks are recognised in OCI. These gains/ losses are not subsequently transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised

in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through the Statement of Profit and Loss.

- Loans and borrowings at amortised cost

This is the category most relevant to the Company. After initial recognition, interest-bearing borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process.

Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

iii Derecognition of financial liabilities

A financial liability (or a part of a financial liability) is derecognised from its Balance Sheet when, and only when, it is extinguished i.e. when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged or cancelled or expired.

When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

iv Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the assets and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counter party.

4.8 Derivatives

Company uses derivative contracts to hedge its exposure against movements in foreign exchange rates. The use of derivative contracts is intended to reduce the risk or cost to the Company. Derivative contracts are not used for trading or speculation purpose.

All derivatives are measured at fair value through the profit or loss unless they form part of a qualifying cash flow hedge, in which case the fair value is taken to reserves and released

into the Statement of Profit and Loss at the same time as the risks on the hedged instrument are recognised therein. Any hedge ineffectiveness will result in the relevant proportion of the fair value remaining in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Fair values are derived primarily from discounted cash-flow models, option-pricing models and from third-party quotes. Derivatives are carried as assets when their fair values are positive and as liabilities when their fair values are negative. All hedging activity is explicitly identified and documented by the Company.

4.9 Foreign currency transactions

a. Initial recognition

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in Indian currency (the "functional and presentation currency"), by applying the exchange rate between the Indian currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

b. Conversion

Current assets and current liabilities, secured loans, being monetary items, designated in foreign currencies are revalorized at the rate prevailing on the date of Balance Sheet or forward contract rate or other appropriate rate.

c. Exchange differences

Exchange differences arising on the settlement and conversion of foreign currency transactions are recognised as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise, except in cases where they relate to the acquisition of qualifying assets, in which cases they were adjusted in the cost of the corresponding asset. Further, as per extant circulars issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, eligible exchange difference on foreign currency loans utilized for acquisition of assets, was adjusted in the cost of the asset to be depreciated over the balance life of the asset up to transition date of Ind AS.

4.10 Leases

Lease is a contract that provides to the customer (lessee) the right to use an asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

a. Where the Company is a lessee

A lessee is required to recognise assets and liabilities for all leases and to recognise depreciation of leased assets separately from interest on lease liabilities in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company uses the practical expedient to apply the requirements of this standard to a portfolio of leases with similar characteristics if the effects on the financial statements of applying to the portfolio does not differ materially from applying the requirement to the individual leases within that portfolio.

However, when the lessee and the lessor each have the right to terminate the lease without permission from the

other party with no more than an insignificant penalty the Company considers that lease to be no longer enforceable. Also according to Ind AS 116, for leases with a lease term of 12 months or less (short-term leases) and for leases for which the underlying asset is of low value, the lessee is not required to recognise right-of-use asset and a lease liability. The Company applies both recognition exemptions. The lease payments associated with those leases are generally recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term or another systematic basis if appropriate.

Right-of-use assets:

Right-of-use assets, which are included under Property, plant and equipment, are measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation and, if necessary, any accumulated impairment. The cost of a right-of-use asset comprises the present value of the outstanding lease payments plus any lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received, any initial direct costs and an estimate of costs to be incurred in dismantling or removing the underlying asset. In this context, the Company also applies the practical expedient that the payments for non-lease components are generally recognised as lease payments. If the lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the lessee at the end of the lease term or if the cost of the right-of-use asset reflects that the lessee will exercise a purchase option, the right-of-use asset is depreciated to the end of the useful life of the underlying asset. Otherwise, the right-of-use asset is depreciated to the end of the lease term.

Lease liability

Lease liabilities, which are assigned to financing liabilities, are measured initially at the present value of the lease payments. Subsequent measurement of a lease liability includes the increase of the carrying amount to reflect interest on the lease liability and reducing the carrying amount to reflect the lease payments made.

Lease modification

For a lease modification that is not accounted for as a separate lease, the Company accounts for the re-measurement of the lease liability by making a corresponding adjustment to the right-of-use asset.

b. Where the Company is a lessor -

Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Where the Company is a lessor under an operating lease, the asset is capitalised within Property, plant and equipment and depreciated over its useful economic life. Payments received under operating leases are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

4.11 Inventories

a. Raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at cost or net realisable value whichever is lower. Cost includes all cost of purchase and incidental expenses incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is ascertained using weighted average method.

b. Work-in-progress including finished components and finished goods are valued at cost or realisable value whichever is lower. Cost includes direct materials, labour costs and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on the normal operating capacity.

c. Materials-in-transit and materials in bonded warehouse are valued at actual cost incurred up to the date of Balance Sheet.

d. Unserviceable, damaged and obsolete inventory is valued at cost or net realisable value whichever is lower.

e. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

4.12 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. Cash and cash equivalents consist of balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.

4.13 TaxesCurrent income tax

Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amounts expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities; on the basis of the taxable profits computed for the current accounting period in accordance with Income Tax Act, 1961. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Current income tax relating to items recognised in Other comprehensive income or directly in equity is recognised in other comprehensive income (''OCI'') or in equity, respectively, and not in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and

liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences, except:

- When the deferred tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss;

- In respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint arrangements, when the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences including, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised, except:

- When the deferred tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss;


Mar 31, 2018

1. Corporate Information

The Company is a public limited company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act 1956. The registered office of the Company is located at Laxmanrao Kirloskar Road, Khadki, Pune - 411003. The equity shares of the Company are listed on two recognised stock exchanges in India i.e. BSE Limited and National Stock Exchange of India Limited.

The Company is engaged in the business of manufacturing of engines, generating sets, pump sets and power tillers and spares thereof.

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorized for issue on 18 May 2018.

2. Basis of preparation of Financial Statements

The standalone financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (“Ind AS”) as issued under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015.

The standalone financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material respects with the Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Act, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 and the relevant provisions of the said Act and the guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India.

The standalone financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the investments which have been measured at fair value as they are classified as fair value through profit or loss or fair value through other comprehensive income.

3. Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions

The preparation of the Company’s financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.

3.1. Judgements

In the process of applying the Company’s accounting policies, the management has made the following judgements, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the standalone financial statements:

Government grant

The Company was eligible for Industrial Promotion Subsidy (IPS) under Packaged Scheme of Incentive (PSI) 2001 from 1 April 2008 to 31 March 2017. Further the company had determined the grant as grant related to income based on the evaluation of terms and conditions attached to the eligibility of grant and the Company accounts for the grant as Income in statement of profit and loss at the time when the sale was recognised.

Operating lease

The Company had entered into commercial property leases on its investment property portfolio. The company has determined, based on an evaluation of the terms and conditions of the arrangements, such as the lease term not constituting a major part of the economic life of the commercial property and the fair value of the asset, that it retains all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of these properties and accounts for the contracts as operating leases.

3.2. Estimates and assumptions

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. The Company based its assumptions and estimates on parameters available when the standalone financial statements were prepared. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments, however, may change due to market changes or circumstances arising that are beyond the control of the Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.

Defined benefit plans

The cost of the defined benefit plans and other post-employment benefits and the present value of the obligation are determined using actuarial valuation. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, mortality rates and future post-retirement medical benefit increase. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.

The parameter most subject to change is the discount rate. In determining the appropriate discount rate, management considers the interest rates of government bonds in currencies consistent with the currencies of the post-employment benefit obligation and extrapolated as needed along the yield curve to correspond with the expected term of the defined benefit obligation.

The mortality rate is based on publicly available mortality tables. Those mortality tables tend to change only at intervals in response to demographic changes. Future salary increases are based on expected future inflation rates for the country.

Further details about defined benefit obligations are provided in Note 39.5.10 Development costs

The Company capitalises development costs for a project in accordance with its accounting policy. Initially, capitalisation of costs is based on management’s judgement that the technological and economic feasibility is confirmed when a product development project has reached a defined milestone, according to an established project management model. In determining the amounts to be capitalised, management makes assumptions regarding the expected future cash generation of the project and the expected period of benefits.

For further details about the carrying amount of development costs capitalised as Internally generated intangible assets and as intangible assets under development, refer Note 3.

Deferred Tax

Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences including the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.

Business combinations

In accounting of Business Combinations, estimation is involved in recognizing contingent consideration. This measurement is based on information available at the acquisition date and is based on expectations and assumptions that have been deemed reasonable by management.

Any subsequent changes to the fair value of contingent consideration classified as liabilities, other than measurement period adjustments, are recognized in the standalone statement of profit and loss.

4. Significant Accounting Policies

4.1. Current Vs Non-Current Classification The company presents assets and liabilities in the Balance Sheet based on current/non - current classification. An asset is current when it is:

a. Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle.

b. Held primarily for the purpose of trading.

c. Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or

d. Cash or cash equivalents unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

All other assets are classified as non - current.

A liability is current when it is:

a. Expected to be settled in normal operating cycle.

b. Held primarily for the purpose of trading.

c. Due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

d. There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

All other liabilities are treated as non - current.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non - current assets and liabilities.

4.2. Fair value measurement

The Company measures financial instruments such as Investments at fair value at each balance sheet date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

- In the principal market for the asset or liability.

Or

- In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant''s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

- Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

- Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.

- Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the standalone financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

The Company’s management determines the policies and procedures for both recurring fair value measurement, such as derivative instruments and unquoted financial assets measured at fair value.

External valuation experts are involved for valuation of significant assets and liabilities. Involvement of external valuation experts is decided upon annually by the management.

4.3. Property , Plant and Equipment

a. Property, plant and equipment; and construction in progress are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and/or accumulated impairment losses, if any. Such cost includes the cost of replacing parts of the property, plant and equipment and borrowing costs for long-term construction projects if the recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of property, plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company recognises such parts as individual assets with specific useful lives and depreciates them accordingly. Likewise, when a major inspection is performed, its cost is recognised in the carrying amount of the Property, Plant and Equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred.

b. Capital work-in-progress comprises cost of fixed assets that are not yet installed and ready for their intended use at the balance sheet date.

c. Own manufactured assets are capitalised at cost including an appropriate share of allocable expenses.

- Depreciation on additions is provided from the beginning of the month in which the asset is added.

- Depreciation on assets sold, discarded or demolished during the year is being provided at their respective rates on pro-rata basis up to the end of the month prior to the month in which such assets are sold, discarded or demolished.

Foreign exchange fluctuation gain/ loss on imported plant and equipment were capitalized in the cost of the respective fixed asset up to transition date of Ind AS. Depreciation on such additions is provided over the remaining useful life of the underlying plant and equipment.

The Company, based on technical assessments made by technical experts and management estimates, depreciates certain items of plant and equipment; computers; furniture and fixtures; vehicles and aircraft over estimated useful lives which are different from the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013. The management believes that these estimated useful lives are realistic and reflect fair approximation of the period over which the assets are likely to be used.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

4.4. Investment properties

Investment properties were measured initially at cost, including transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties were stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The cost includes the cost of replacing parts and borrowing costs for long-term construction projects if the recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of the property are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company depreciates them separately based on their specific useful lives. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in the statement of profit and loss as incurred.

An investment property is derecognised on disposal or on permanent withdrawal from use or when no future economic benefits are expected from its disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.

Transfers are made to (or from) investment property only when there is a change in use. Transfers between investment property, owner-occupied property and inventories are at carrying amount of the property transferred.

4.5. Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are recognised when it is probable that the future economic benefits that are attributable to the assets will flow to the Company and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably.

Internally generated intangibles, excluding capitalised developments costs, are not capitalised and the related expenditure is reflected in the statement of profit and loss for the period in which expenditure is incurred.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite. The amortisation period and amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates.

Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortised by using straight line method over the useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset maybe impaired.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives, if any are not amortised, but are tested for impairment annually, either individually or at the cash-generating unit level. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in useful life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.

Intangible assets are recorded at the consideration paid for acquisition. In case of internally generated intangible assets, expenditure incurred in development phase, where it is reasonably certain that the outcome of development will be commercially exploited to yield future economic benefits to the Company, is considered as an intangible asset. Such developmental expenditure is capitalized at cost including a share of allocable expenses.

4.6. Borrowing Cost

Borrowing Costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are capitalized till the month in which the asset is ready to use, as part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which these are incurred.

4.7. Impairment of Assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any indication due to internal or external factors that an asset or a group of assets comprising a Cash Generating Unit (CGU) may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the assets. If such recoverable amount of the assets or the recoverable amount (economic value in use) of the CGU to which the asset belongs is less than the carrying amount of the assets or the CGU as the case may be, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the profit and loss account. If at any subsequent balance sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost and is accordingly reversed in the profit and loss account.

4.8. Financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.

a. Financial assets

(i) Initial recognition and measurement of financial assets

All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial assets.

(ii) Subsequent measurement of financial assets

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in three categories:

- Financial assets at amortised cost

- Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI)

- Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

- Financial assets at amortised cost :

A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if:

- the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows, and

- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured by applying the effective interest rate (EIR) to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset if applicable. The EIR amortisation is included in finance income in the statement of profit and loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

- Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

A financial asset is measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if:

- the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets, and

- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets, until they are derecognised or reclassified, are subsequently measured at fair value with unrealised gains or losses recognised in other comprehensive income except for interest income, impairment gains or losses and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

- Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset is measured at fair value through profit or loss unless it is measured at Amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income.

In addition, the Company may elect to classify a financial asset, which otherwise meets Amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income criteria, as at fair value through profit or loss. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ''accounting mismatch'').

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value with unrealised gains or losses recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

(iii) Derecognition of financial assets

A financial asset is derecognised when:

- the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or

- The Company has transferred its contractual rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company''s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.

(iv) Reclassification of financial assets

The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent. The Company''s senior management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company''s operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of the immediately next reporting period following the change in business model. The Company does not restate any previously recognised gains, losses (including impairment gains or losses) or interest.

The following table shows various reclassifications and how they are accounted for.

(v) Impairment of financial assets

In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial assets and credit risk exposure:

- Financial assets that are debt instruments, and are measured at amortised cost.

- Financial assets that are debt instruments and are measured as at FVOCI.

- Lease receivables under Ind AS 17.

- Trade receivables under Ind AS 18.

The Company follows ''simplified approach'' for recognition of impairment loss allowance on:

- Trade receivables resulting from transactions within the scope of Ind-AS 18, if they do not contain a significant financing component.

- Trade receivables or contract assets resulting from transactions within the scope of Ind AS 18 that contain a significant financing component, if the Company applies practical expedient to ignore separation of time value of money, and

- All lease receivables resulting from transactions within the scope of Ind AS 17.

The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the entity reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events on a financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. When estimating the cash flows, an entity is required to consider:

- All contractual terms of the financial instrument (including prepayment, extension, call and similar options) over the expected life of the financial instrument. However, in rare cases when the expected life of the financial instrument cannot be estimated reliably, then the Company is required to use the remaining contractual term of the financial instrument.

- Cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms.

ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognized during the period is recognized as income/ expense in the statement of profit and loss. This amount is reflected in a separate line in the P&L as an impairment gain or loss. The balance sheet presentation for various financial instruments is described below:

- Financial assets measured as at amortised cost, contract assets and lease receivables: ECL is presented as an allowance, i.e. as an integral part of the measurement of those assets in the balance sheet. The allowance reduces the net carrying amount. Until the asset meets write-off criteria, the Company does not derecognize impairment allowance from the gross carrying amount.

- Loan commitments: ECL is presented as a provision in the balance sheet, i.e. as a liability.

For assessing increase in credit risk and impairment loss, the Company combines financial instruments on the basis of shared credit risk characteristics with the objective of facilitating an analysis that is designed to enable significant increases in credit risk to be identified on a timely basis.

The Company does not have any purchased or originated credit-impaired (POCI) financial assets, i.e., financial assets which are credit impaired on purchase/ origination.

b. Financial Liabilities

(i) Initial recognition and measurement of financial liabilities

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value minus, in the case of financial liabilities not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the issue of the financial liabilities.

(ii) Subsequent measurement of financial liabilities

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial liabilities are classified and measured as follows:

- Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind AS 109.

Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risks are recognized in OCI. These gains/ loss are not subsequently transferred to P&L. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit and loss.

- Loans and Borrowings at amortised Cost

This is the category most relevant to the Company. After initial recognition, interest-bearing borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in the statement of profit and loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process.

Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.

(iii) Derecognition of financial liabilities

A financial liability (or a part of a financial liability) is derecognised from its balance sheet when, and only when, it is extinguished i.e. when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged or cancelled or expired.

When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

4.9. Derivatives

Company uses derivative contracts to hedge its exposure against movements in foreign exchange rates. The use of derivative contracts is intended to reduce the risk or cost to the Company. Derivative contracts are not used for trading or speculation purpose.

All derivatives are measured at fair value through the profit or loss unless they form part of a qualifying cash flow hedge, in which case the fair value is taken to reserves and released into the statement of profit and loss at the same time as the risks on the hedged instrument are recognised therein. Any hedge ineffectiveness will result in the relevant proportion of the fair value remaining in the statement of profit and loss. Fair values are derived primarily from discounted cash-flow models, option-pricing models and from third-party quotes. Derivatives are carried as assets when their fair values are positive and as liabilities when their fair values are negative. All hedging activity is explicitly identified and documented by the Company.

4.10. Foreign Currency Transactions

a. Initial Recognition

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in Indian currency, by applying the exchange rate between the Indian currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

b. Conversion

Current assets and current liabilities, Secured Loans, being monetary items, designated in foreign currencies are revalorized at the rate prevailing on the date of Balance Sheet or forward contract rate or other appropriate rate.

c. Exchange Differences

Exchange differences arising on the settlement and conversion of foreign currency transactions are recognised as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise, except in cases where they relate to the acquisition of qualifying assets, in which cases they were adjusted in the cost of the corresponding asset. Further, as per extant circulars issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, eligible exchange difference on foreign currency loans utilized for acquisition of assets, was adjusted in the cost of the asset to be depreciated over the balance life of the asset up to transition date of Ind AS.

4.11. Leases

a. Where the Company is a lessee - Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased item are classified as operating leases. Payments under operating leases are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss generally on straight line basis.

b. Where the Company is a lessor - Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the asset are classified as operating leases. Assets subject to operating leases are included in fixed assets. Lease income on an operating lease is recognised in the statement of profit and loss on straight line basis.

4.12. Inventories

a. Raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost includes all cost of purchase and incidental expenses incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is ascertained using weighted average method.

b. Work-in-process including finished components and finished goods are valued at cost or realisable value whichever is lower. Cost includes direct materials, labour costs and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on the normal operating capacity.

c. Materials-in-transit and materials in bonded warehouse are valued at actual cost incurred up to the date of balance sheet.

d. Unserviceable, damaged and obsolete inventory is valued at cost or net realisable value whichever is lower.

e. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

4.13. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

4.14. Taxes Current income tax

Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amounts expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities; on the basis of the taxable profits computed for the current accounting period in accordance with Income Tax Act, 1961. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Current income tax relating to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity is recognised in other comprehensive income or in equity, respectively, and not in the statement of Profit and Loss. The Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences, except:

- When the deferred tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss;

- In respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint arrangements, when the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences including, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised, except:

- When the deferred tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss;

- In respect of deductible temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint arrangements, deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that the temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future and taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside the statement of profit and loss is recognised outside the profit or loss. Deferred tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

Sales tax / GST

Expenses and assets are recognised net of the amount of sales tax / GST, except:

- When the sales tax/GST incurred on a purchase of assets or services is not recoverable from the taxation authority, in which case, the sales tax/GST is recognised as part of the cost of acquisition of the asset or as part of the expense item, as applicable.

- When receivables and payables are stated with the amount of sales tax/GST included.

The net amount of sales tax/GST recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority is included as part of receivables or payables in the balance sheet.

4.15. Non-Current Assets held for sale and Discontinuing operations

A. Non-Current Assets held for sale

Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying amounts will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather through continuing use. Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. This condition is regarded as met only when the sale is highly probable and the asset or disposal group is available for immediate use in its present condition. Management must be committed to the sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification.

B. Discontinuing operations

Discontinuing operations are excluded from the results of continuing operations and are presented as a single amount as profit or loss after tax from discontinued operations in the statement of profit and loss account.

Assets and liabilities classified as held for distribution are presented separately from others assets and liabilities in the balance sheet.

A disposal group qualifies as discontinued operation if it is a component of an entity that either has been disposed of, or is classified as held for sale, and:

(i) Represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations,

(ii) Is part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations.

Or

(iii) Is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale.

An entity does not depreciate (or amortise) a non-current asset while it is classified as held for sale or while it is part of a disposal group classified as held for sale.

4.16. Employee Benefits

a. Short Term Employee Benefits

The distinction between short term and long term employee benefits is based on expected timing of settlement rather than the employee''s entitlement benefits. All employee benefits payable within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term benefits. Such benefits include salaries, wages, bonus, short term compensated absences, awards, exgratia, performance pay etc. and are recognised in the period in which the employee renders the related service.

b. Post-Employment Benefits

(i) Defined contribution plan

The Company makes payment to approved superannuation schemes, state government provident fund scheme and employee state insurance scheme which are defined contribution plans. The contribution paid/payable under the schemes is recognised in the statement of profit and loss during the period in which the employee renders the related service. The Company has no further obligations under these schemes beyond its periodic contributions.

(ii) Defined benefit plan

The employee''s gratuity fund scheme, pension, post-retirement medical and long term service award benefit schemes are Company''s defined benefit plans. The present value of the obligation under such defined benefit plans is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method as at the date of the Balance sheet. In case of funded plans, the fair value of plan asset is reduced from the gross obligation under the defined benefit plans, to recognise the obligation on a net basis.

Re-measurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognised immediately in the Balance Sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Re-measurements are not reclassified to the profit or loss in subsequent periods.

Past service costs are recognised in the statement of profit and loss on the earlier of:

- The date of the plan amendment or curtailment, and

- The date that the Company recognises related restructuring costs

Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The Company recognises the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss:

- Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailments and non-routine settlements; and

- Net interest expense or income.

c. Other long term employment benefits:

The employee''s long term compensated absences are Company''s other long term benefit plans. The present value of the obligation is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method as at the date of the Balance sheet. In case of funded plans, the fair value of plan asset is reduced from the gross obligation, to recognise the obligation on a net basis.

In regard to other long term employment benefits, the Company recognises the net total of service costs; net interest on the net defined benefit liability (asset); and remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability (asset) in the statement of profit and loss.

d. Termination Benefits :

Termination benefits such as compensation under voluntary retirement scheme are recognised in the statement of profit and loss in the year in which termination benefits become payable or when the Company determines that it can no longer withdraw the offer of those benefits, whichever is earlier.

4.17. Provisions and Contingencies

Necessary provisions are made for the present obligations that arise out of past events entailing future outflow of economic resources. Such provisions reflect best estimates based on available information.

However a disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

4.18. Revenue Recognition

a. Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when all significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods are passed on to the buyer, recovery of the consideration is probable, the associated costs can be estimated reliably , there is no continuing effective control over, or managerial involvement with, the goods, and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably. It also includes excise duty and excludes Value added tax / Sales Tax. Sales are stated net of discounts, rebates and returns.

b. The Company normally sells extended warranty as separate product and revenue from sale of extended warranty is recognised on the straight line basis over the period of contract.

c. Export incentives are accounted for on export of goods if the entitlements can be estimated with reasonable accuracy and conditions precedent to claim is fulfilled.

d. Income from services is generally recognized on completion of performance of determinable significant act as per terms of specific contracts when no significant uncertainty exists regarding the amount of consideration that will be derived from the completion of said act.

e. Income from dividend on investments is accrued in the year in which it is authorized, whereby right to receive is established.

f. Profit / loss on sale of investments is recognized on the contract date.

g. Rental income arising from operating leases on investment properties is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the lease terms except the cases where incremental lease reflects the inflationary effect and rental income is accounted in such case by actual rent for the period.

4.19. Government Grant

Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized if the following conditions are satisfied,

- There is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to it.

- Such benefits are earned and reasonable certainty exists of the collection.

a. Export Incentives

Export incentives under various schemes notified by government are accounted for in the year of exports as grant related to income and is recognized as other operating income in the statement of profit and loss if the entitlements can be estimated with reasonable accuracy and conditions precedent to claim are fulfilled.

b. Industrial Promotion Subsidy

Government grants received with reference to Industrial Promotion Subsidy under Packaged Scheme of Incentives, 2001 was treated as grant related income and was recognized as other operating income in the statement of profit and loss as and when the Company made the sales.

c. Export Promotion Capital Goods

Government grants received with reference to export promotion capital goods scheme are initially recognised as deferred revenue and grant in proportion of export obligation achieved during the year is reduced from deferred revenue and recognized as other operating income in the statement of profit and loss.

4.20. Cash dividend

The Company recognises a liability to make cash distributions to the equity holders of the Company when the distribution is authorised and the distribution is no longer at the discretion of the Company. As per the provisions of Companies Act, 2013, a distribution is authorised when it is approved by the shareholders. A corresponding amount is recognised directly in equity.

Non-cash distributions, if any , are measured at the fair value of the assets to be distributed with fair value re-measurement recognised directly in equity.

Upon distribution of non-cash assets, any difference between the carrying amount of the liability and the carrying amount of the assets distributed is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

4.21. Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

4.22. Cash Flow Statement

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferral or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

4.23. Segment Reporting

a. Identification of Segments

The Company''s operating business predominantly relates to manufacture of internal combustion engines, genets and parts thereof (Engine Business Segment) used for various applications such as Agriculture, Industrial, Stationery Power Plants, Construction Equipment, etc.

b. Allocation of common costs

Common allocable costs are allocated to the Engine Segment based on sales of engine segment to the total sales of the Company.

c. Unallocated items

Corporate assets and liabilities, income and expenses which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments, are included under other reconciling items.

(B) The Company has imported Capital Goods under the Export Promotion Capital Goods Scheme of the Government of India, at concessional rates of duty on an undertaking to fulfil quantified exports against which, remaining future obligations aggregates USD 0.75 million ( PY - USD 1.04 million). Non fulfilment of export obligations, if any, entails options/rights to the Government to confiscate capital goods imported under the said licenses and other penalties under the above-referred scheme. Minimum Export obligation to be fulfilled by the company is not achieve2d by the company under the said scheme, for the year ended 31 March 2018.

5.5. Commitments and contingencies

a. Leases Operating lease commitments- Company as a lessee

The Company has not entered into non-cancellable operating leases and there are no minimum rental payables.

Operating lease commitments- Company as lessor

The Company was entered into operating leases on its investment property consisting of land and building till 30 April 2017.

b. Acquisitions

The Company, on 21 June 2017 executed definitive share purchase agreement for acquisition of 100 % equity shares in La-Gajjar Machineries Private Limited (LGM). On 1st August 2017 the company acquired 76% of equity shares of LGM as per the terms of share purchase agreement for consideration of '' 252.93 crs. Further, as per the said agreement, the company agreed to pay additional consideration with respect to certain identified projects, linked to EBITDA achieved up to 31 December 2018. As per extant guidelines of Ind AS 103, ''Business combination'', this additional consideration being contingent in nature is to be fair valued. Accordingly, the fair value is estimated at '' 0.85 crs by applying the discounted cash flow approach to the expected EBITDA. This additional consideration, is capitalized as investment by creating corresponding financial liability in the standalone financials.

Further, the company has entered into a shareholders agreement on 21 June 2017 to purchase remaining 24% equity shares. The Company has a call option to acquire and simultaneously, shareholders of LGM have put option to sell the remaining 24% equity shares, to be exercised after holding period at a price based on mutually agreed upon formula. However, if the options are not exercised in the given option period, the company has to purchase remaining equity shares at the end of the option period by applying same formula agreed for at the time of exercising options.

The company has evaluated agreed upon formula to arrive at the purchase price of remaining 24% equity shares and concluded that it reasonably represents fair value from the point of view of average market participants. Hence, the option does not carry any intrinsic value.

5.7. The Sales for the current year includes an amount of '' 15.45 Crs (PY '' Nil) on account of supplies to SEZ.

5.11. The Company''s operating business predominantly relates to manufacture of internal combustion engines, gensets and parts thereof and hence the Company has considered “Engines” as the single reportable segment. As per Ind AS 108 “Operating Segments”, company is required to disclose required segment details in consolidated financial statement. Hence, these details are disclosed under consolidated financial statement.

The above figures do not include provision for leave encashment and gratuity, as actuarial valuation of such provision for the Key Management Personnel is included in the total provision for Leave encashment & gratuity.

Terms and conditions of transactions with related parties

Transaction entered into with related party are made on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm''s length transactions. Outstanding balances at the year-end are unsecured and interest free and settlement occurs in cash. There have been no guarantees provided or received for any related party receivables or payables. For the year ended 31 March 2018, the Company has not recorded any impairment of receivables relating to amounts owed by related parties (31 March 2017: '' Nil). This assessment is undertaken each financial year through examining the financial position of the related party and the market in which the related party operates.

Commitments with related parties

The Company has not provided any commitment to the related party as at 31 March 2018 (31 March 2017: '' Nil)

Transactions with key management personnel

The amounts disclosed in the table are the amounts recognised as an expense during the reporting period related to key management personnel.

The above figures do not include provision for leave encashment and gratuity, as actuarial valuation of such provision for the Key Management Personnel is included in the total provision for Leave encashment & gratuity.

Earnings per share are calculated in accordance with Accounting Standard (Ind AS 33) “Earnings Per Share”.

5.14. Fair value disclosures for financial assets and financial liabilities

The management believes that the fair values of non-current financial assets (e.g., Investments at FVPL, loans and others ),current financial assets ( e.g., cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, loans), non-current financial liabilities and current financial liabilities(e.g. Trade payables and other payables and others) approximate their carrying amounts.

The Company has not performed a fair valuation of its investment in unquoted ordinary shares other than subsidiary, which are classified as FVOCI (refer Note 4), as the Company believes that impact of change on account of fair value is insignificant.

Fair value of unquoted investment in Mutual fund is determined by reference to Net Asset Value (''NAV'') available from respective Assets Management Companies (''AMC'').

5.15. Fair value hierarchy

The following table provides the fair value measurement hierarchy of the Company''s assets and liabilities

* The company has used the discounted cash flow approach for calculating fair value of contingent consideration for acquisition of investment in subsidiary company based on unobservable inputs of estimated revenues and earnings achievement. The company does not expect any material variation in these unobservable inputs.

5.16. Financial instruments risk management objectives and policies

The Company''s principal financial liabilities, other than derivatives, comprise borrowings, trade and other payables and other financial liabilities. The main purpose of these financial liabilities is to finance the Company''s operations to support its operations. The Company''s principal financial assets include Investments, loans, trade and other receivables, cash and short-term deposits and other financial assets that derive directly from its operations. The Company also enters into derivative transactions.

The company is exposed to market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Company''s senior management oversees the management of these risks. The Audit Committee and Board review financial risks and the appropriate risk governance framework for the company''s financial risks are identified, measured and managed in accordance with the Company''s policies and risk objectives. It is the Company''s policy that no trading in derivatives for speculative purposes may be undertaken. The Board of Directors reviews and agrees policies for managing each of these risks, which are summarised below :

a. Market risk

Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices. Market risk comprises three types of risk: interest rate risk, currency risk and other price risk, such as equity price risk and commodity risk. Financial instruments affected by market risk include borrowings, deposits, Investments, trade and other receivables, trade and other payables and derivative financial instruments.

The sensitivity analysis in the following sections relate to the position as at 31 March 2018 and 31 March 2017.

The analysis exclude the impact of movements in market variables on: the carrying values of gratuity, pension and other post-retirement obligations and provisions.

The following assumption has been made in calculating the sensitivity analysis:

The sensitivity of the relevant statement of profit and loss item is the effect of the assumed changes in respective market risks. This is based on the financial assets and financial liabilities held at 31 March 2018 and 31 March 2017 including the effect of hedge accounting.

Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company'' does not have any long term borrowings with floating interest rate. Thus the Company does not have any interest rate risk at present.

Foreign currency risk

Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates. The Company''s exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates relates primarily to the Company''s operating activities (when revenue or expense is denominated in a foreign currency) and the Company''s net investments in foreign subsidiaries.

The Company manages its foreign currency risk by hedging transactions related to sales & purchases.

At 31 March 2018 and 31 March 2017, the Company has hedged Nil and 976,726 USD, for 2-4 months, respectively, of its total foreign currency exposure. This foreign currency risk is hedged by using foreign currency forward contracts.

Foreign currency sensitivity

The following tables demonstrate the sensitivity to a reasonably possible change in USD, EUR and GBP exchange rates, with all other variables held constant. The impact on the Company''s profit before tax is due to changes in the fair value of monetary assets and liabilities. The impact on the Company''s pre-tax equity is due to changes in the fair value of forward exchange contracts designated as cash flow hedges and net investment hedges. The Company''s exposure to foreign currency changes for all other currencies is not material.

Commodity price risk

The Company is affected by the price volatility of certain commodities. Its operating activities require the on-going purch


Mar 31, 2017

NOTE 40: NOTES TO AND FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS AT AND FORTHE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2017

1. Corporate Information

The Company is a public limited company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act 1956. The registered office of the Company is located at Laxmanrao Kirloskar Road, Khadki, Pune - 411003. The equity shares of the Company are listed on two recognized stock exchanges in India i.e. BSE Limited and National Stock Exchange of India Limited.

The Company is engaged in the business of manufacturing of engines, generating sets, pump sets and power tillers and spares thereof.

2. Basis of preparation of Financial Statements

The standalone financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (“Ind AS”) as issued under the Companies (IndianAccounting Standards) Rules, 2015.

The standalone financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material respects with the Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Act, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 and the relevant provisions of the said Act and the guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India. These standalone financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2017 are the first standalone financial statements that the Company has prepared in accordance with Ind AS. Refer to Note 4 for information on how the Company adopted Ind AS.

The standalone financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the investments which have been measured at fair value as they are classified as fair value through profit or loss or air value through other comprehensive income.

3. Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions

The preparation of the Company''s financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.

3.1 Judgments

In the process of applying the Company''s accounting policies, the management has made the following judgments, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the standalone financial statements:

Government grant

The Company is eligible for Industrial Promotion Subsidy (IPS) under Packaged Scheme of Incentive (PSI) 2001 from 1 April 2008 to 31 March 2017. Further the company has determined the grant as grant related to income based on the evaluation of terms and conditions attached to the eligibility of grant and the Company accounts for the grant as Income in statement of profit and loss at the time when the sale is recognized .

Operating lease

The Company has entered into commercial property leases on its investment property portfolio. The company has determined, based on an evaluation of the terms and conditions of the arrangements, such as the lease term not constituting a major part of the economic life of the commercial property and the fair value of the asset, that it retains all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of these properties and accounts for the contracts as operating leases.

3.2 Estimates and assumptions

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. The Company based its assumptions and estimates on parameters available when the standalone financial statements were prepared. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments, however, may change due to market changes or circumstances arising that are beyond the control of the Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.

Defined benefit plans

The cost of the defined benefit plans and other post-employment benefits and the present value of the obligation are determined using actuarial valuation. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, mortality rates and future post-retirement medical benefit increase. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.

The parameter most subject to change is the discount rate. In determining the appropriate discount rate, management considers the interest rates of government bonds in currencies consistent with the currencies of the post-employment benefit obligation and extrapolated as needed along the yield curve to correspond with the expected term of the defined benefit obligation.

The mortality rate is based on publicly available mortality tables. Those mortality tables tend to change only at intervals in response to demographic changes. Future salary increases are based on expected future inflation rates for the country.

Further details about defined benefit obligations are provided in Note 40.6.10 Development costs

The Company capitalizes development costs for a project in accordance with its accounting policy. Initially, capitalization of costs is based on management''s judgment that the technological and economic feasibility is confirmed when a product development project has reached a defined milestone, according to an established project management model. In determining the amounts to be capitalized, management makes assumptions regarding the expected future cash generation of the project and the expected period of benefits.

For further details about the carrying amount of development costs capitalized as Internally generated intangible assets and as intangible assets underdevelopment, refer note 3.

Deferred Tax

Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences including the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.

4. Significant Accounting Policies

4.1 Current Vs Non Current Classification The company presents assets and liabilities in the Balance Sheet based on current/non -current classification. An asset is current when it is:

a. Expected to be realized or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle

b. Held primarily for the purpose of trading

c. Expected to be realized within twelve months after the reporting period, or

d. Cash or cash equivalents unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

All other assets are classified as non - current.

A liability is current when it is:

a. Expected to be settled in normal operating cycle

b. Held primarily for the purpose of trading

c. Due to be settled within twelve months afterthe reporting period, or

d. There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

All other liabilities are treated as non - current.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non - current assets and liabilities.

4.2 Fairvalue measurement

The Company measures financial instruments such as Investments at fair value at each balance sheet date.

Fairdale is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

- In the principal market for the asset or liability Or

- In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant''s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fairvalue is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fairvalue hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

- Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

- Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.

- Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.

For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the standalone financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

The Company''s management determines the policies and procedures for both recurring fair value measurement, such as derivative instruments and unquoted financial assets measured at fair value.

External valuation experts are involved for valuation of significant assets and liabilities. Involvement of external valuation experts is decided upon annually by the management.

4.3 Property, Plant and Equipment

a. The Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its Property, plant and equipment measured as per the Indian GAAP as at 31 March 2015 and use those values as deemed cost as at the date of transition to Ind AS i.e.1 April 2015.

Property, plant and equipment; and construction in progress are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and/or accumulated impairment losses, if any. Such cost includes the cost of replacing parts of the property, plant and equipment and borrowing costs for long-term construction projects if the recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of property, plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company recognizes such parts as individual assets with specific useful lives and depreciates them accordingly. Likewise, when a major inspection is performed, its cost is recognized in the carrying amount of the Property, Plant and Equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognized in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred.

b. Capital work-in-progress comprises cost of fixed assets that are not yet installed and ready for their intended use at the balance sheet date.

c. Own manufactured assets are capitalized at cost including an appropriate share of allocable expenses.

- Depreciation on additions is provided from the beginning of the month in which the asset is added.

- Depreciation on assets sold, discarded or demolished during the year is being provided at their respective rates on pro-rata basis up to the end of the month prior to the month in which such assets are sold, discarded or demolished.

- Foreign exchange fluctuation gain/loss on imported plant and equipment were capitalized in the cost of the respective fixed asset up to transition date of Ind AS. Depreciation on such additions is provided over the remaining useful life of the underlying plant and equipment.

The Company, based on technical assessments made by technical experts and management estimates, depreciates certain items of plant and equipment; computers; furniture and fixtures; vehicles and aircraft overestimated useful lives which are different from the useful life prescribed in

Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013. The management believes that these estimated useful lives are realistic and reflect fair approximation of the period over which the assets are likely to be used.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognized .

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

4.4 Investment properties

Investment properties are measured initially at cost, including transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The cost includes the cost of replacing parts and borrowing costs for long-term construction projects if the recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of the property are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company depreciates them separately based on their specific useful lives. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognized in the statement of profit and loss as incurred.

Though the Company measures investment property using cost based measurement, the fair value of investment property is disclosed in the notes. Fair values are determined based on an annual evaluation performed by an accredited external independent value applying a valuation model recommended by the International Valuation Standards Committee.

An investment property is derecognized on disposal or on permanent withdrawal from use or when no future economic benefits are expected from its disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognized .

Transfers are made to (or from) investment property only when there is a change in use. Transfers between investment property, owner-occupied property and inventories are at carrying amount of the property transferred.

The Company has elected to fair value, some of the intangible assets that meet the criteria for recognition and revaluation and use those values as deemed cost as at the date of transition to Ind AS i.e. 1 April 2015

Intangible assets are recognized when it is probable that the future economic benefits that are attributable to the assets will flow to the Company and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably.

Internally generated intangibles, excluding capitalized developments costs, are not capitalized and the related expenditure is reflected in the statement of profit and loss for the period in which expenditure is incurred.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or infinite. The amortization period and amortization method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortization period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates.

Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized by using straight line method over the useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives, if any are not amortized, but are tested for impairment annually, either individually or at the cash-generating unit level. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in useful life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognized .

Intangible assets are recorded at the consideration paid for acquisition. In case of internally generated intangible assets, expenditure incurred in development phase, where it is reasonably certain that the outcome of development will be commercially exploited to yield future economic benefits to the Company, is considered as an intangible asset. Such developmental expenditure is capitalized at cost including a share of allocable expenses.

4.6 Borrowing Cost

Borrowing Costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are capitalized till the month in which the asset is ready to use, as part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which these are incurred.

4.7 Impairment of Assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any indication due to internal or external factors that an asset or a group of assets comprising a Cash Generating Unit (CGU) may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the assets. If such recoverable amount of the assets or the recoverable amount (economic value in use) of the CGU to which the asset belongs is less than the carrying amount of the assets or the CGU as the case may be, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the profit and loss account. If at any subsequent balance sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost and is accordingly reversed in the profit and loss account.

4.8 Financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement

Financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.

a) Financial assets

(i) Initial recognition and measurement of financial assets

All financial assets are recognized initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial assets.

(ii) Subsequent measurement of financial assets

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in three categories:

- Financial assets at amortized cost

- Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI)

- Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

- Financial assets at amortized cost:

A financial asset is measured at amortized cost if:

- the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows, and

- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured by applying the effective interest rate (EIR) to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset if applicable. The EIR amortization is included in finance income in the statement of profit and loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

- Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income A financial asset is measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if:

- the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets, and

- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets, until they are derecognized or reclassified, are subsequently measured at fair value with unrealized gains or losses recognized in other comprehensive income except for interest income, impairment gains or losses and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

- Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset is measured atfairvalue through profit or loss unless it is measured at amortized cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income.

In addition, the Company may elect to classify a financial asset, which otherwise meets amortized cost or fair value through other comprehensive income criteria, as at fair value through profit or loss. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ''accounting mismatch'').

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value with unrealized gains or losses recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

(iii) Derecognition of financial assets A financial asset is derecognized when:

- the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or

- The Company has transferred its contractual rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognize the transferred asset to the extent of the Company''s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognizes an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.

(iv) Reclassification of financial assets

The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent. The Company''s senior management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company''s operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of the immediately next reporting period following the change in business model. The Company does not restate any previously recognized gains, losses (including impairment gains or losses) or interest.

In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial assets and credit risk exposure:

- Financial assets that are debt instruments, and are measured at amortized cost.

- Financial assets that are debt instruments and are measured as at FVOCI

- Lease receivables underlined AS 17

- Trade receivables under Ind AS 18

The Company follows ''simplified approach'' for recognition of impairment loss allowance on:

- Trade receivables resulting from transactions within the scope of Ind AS 18, if they do not contain a significant financing component

- Trade receivables or contract assets resulting from transactions within the scope of Ind AS 18 that contain a significant financing component, if the Company applies practical expedient to ignore separation of time value of money, and

- All lease receivables resulting from transactions within the scope of Ind AS 17

The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognizes impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL

is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the entity reverts to recognizing impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life ofa financial instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events on a financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. When estimating the cash flows, an entity is required to consider:

- All contractual terms of the financial instrument (including prepayment, extension, call and similar options) over the expected life of the financial instrument. However, in rare cases when the expected life of the financial instrument cannot be estimated reliably, then the Company is required to use the remaining contractual term of the financial instrument.

- Cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms.

ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognized during the period is recognized as income/ expense in the statement of profit and loss. This amount is reflected in a separate line in the P&L as an impairment gain or loss. The balance sheet presentation for various financial instruments is described below:

- Financial assets measured as at amortized cost, contract assets and lease receivables: ECL is presented as an allowance, i.e. as an integral part of the measurement of those assets in the balance sheet. The allowance reduces the net carrying amount. Until the asset meets write-off criteria, the Company does not derecognize impairment allowance from the gross carrying amount.

- Loan commitments: ECL is presented as a provision in the balance sheet, i.e. as a liability.

For assessing increase in credit risk and impairment loss, the Company combines financial instruments on the basis of shared credit risk characteristics with the objective of facilitating an analysis that is designed to enable significant increases in credit risk to be identified on a timely basis.

The Company does not have any purchased or originated credit-impaired (POCI) financial assets, i.e., financial assets which are credit impaired on purchase/ origination.

b) Financial Liabilities

(i) Initial recognition and measurement of financial liabilities

All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value minus, in the case of financial liabilities not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the issue of the financial liabilities.

(ii) Subsequent measurement of financial liabilities

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial liabilities are classified and measured as follows:

- Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind AS 109.

Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risks are recognized in OCI. These gains/ loss are not subsequently transferred to P&L. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognized in the statement of profit and loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit and loss.

- Loans and Borrowings at mortised Cost

This is the category most relevant to the Company. After initial recognition, interest-bearing borrowings are subsequently measured at mortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognized in the statement of profit and loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the EIR amortization process.

Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.

(iii) Derecognition of financial liabilities

A financial liability (or a part of a financial liability) is derecognized from its balance sheet when, and only when, it is extinguished i.e. when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged or cancelled or expired.

When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

4.9 Derivatives

Company uses derivative contracts to hedge its exposure against movements in foreign exchange rates. The use of derivative contracts is intended to reduce the risk or cost to the Company. Derivative contracts are not used for trading or speculation purpose.

All derivatives are measured at fair value through the profit or loss unless they form part of a qualifying cash flow hedge, in which case the fair value is taken to reserves and released into the statement of profit and loss at the same time as the risks on the hedged instrument are recognized therein. Any hedge ineffectiveness will result in the relevant proportion of the fair value remaining in the statement of profit and loss. Fair values are derived primarily from discounted cash-flow models, option-pricing models and from third-party quotes. Derivatives are carried as assets when their fair values are positive and as liabilities when their fair values are negative. All hedging activity is explicitly identified and documented by the Company.

4.10 Foreign Currency Transactions

a. Initial Recognition

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in Indian currency, by applying the exchange rate between the Indian currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

b. Conversion

Current assets and current liabilities, Secured Loans, being monetary items, designated in foreign currencies are revalorized at the rate prevailing on the date of Balance Sheet or forward contract rate or other appropriate rate.

c. Exchange Differences

Exchange differences arising on the settlement and conversion of foreign currency transactions are recognized as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise, except in cases where they relate to the acquisition of qualifying assets, in which cases they were adjusted in the cost of the corresponding asset. Further, as per extant circulars issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, eligible exchange difference on foreign currency loans utilized for acquisition of assets, was adjusted in the cost of the asset to be depreciated over the balance life of the asset up to transition date of Ind AS.

4.11 Leases

i. Where the Company is a lessee - Leases where the less or effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased item are classified as operating leases. Payments under operating leases are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss generally on straight line basis.

ii. Where the Company is a less or - Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the asset are classified as operating leases. Assets subject to operating leases are included in fixed assets. Lease income on an operating lease is recognized in the statement of profit and loss on straight line basis.

4.12 Inventories

a. Raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost includes all cost of purchase and incidental expenses incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is ascertained using weighted average method.

b. Work-in-process including finished components and finished goods are valued at cost or realizable value whichever is lower. Cost includes direct materials, labour costs and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on the normal operating capacity. Finished goods lying in the factory premises, branches and depots are valued inclusive of excise duty.

c. Materials-in-transit and materials in bonded warehouse are valued at actual cost incurred up to the date of balance sheet.

d. Unserviceable, damaged and obsolete inventory is valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

4.13 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

4.14 Taxes Current income tax

Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amounts expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities; on the basis of the taxable profits computed for the current accounting period in accordance with Income Tax Act, 1961. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Current income tax relating to items recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity is recognized in other comprehensive income or in equity, respectively, and not in the statement of profit and loss. The Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences, except:

- When the deferred tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss;

- In respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint arrangements, when the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences including, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized, except:

- When the deferred tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss;

- In respect of deductible temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint arrangements, deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that the temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future and taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized. Unrecognized deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Deferred tax relating to items recognized outside the statement of profit and loss, is recognized outside the statement of profit and loss. Deferred tax items are recognized in correlation to the underlying transaction either in other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

Sales tax

Expenses and assets are recognized net of the amount of sales tax, except:

- When the sales tax incurred on a purchase of assets or services is not recoverable from the taxation authority, in which case, the sales tax is recognized as part of the cost of acquisition of the asset or as part of the expense item, as applicable.

- When receivables and payables are stated with the amount of sales tax included.

The net amount of sales tax recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority is included as part of receivables or payables in the balance sheet.

4.15 Non-Current Assets held for sale and Discontinuing operations

A. Non-Current Assets held for sale

Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying amounts will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather through continuing use. Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. This condition is regarded as met only when the sale is highly probable and the asset or disposal group is available for immediate use in its present condition. Management must be committed to the sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification.

B. Discontinuing operations

Discontinuing operations are excluded from the results of continuing operations and are presented as a single amount as profit or loss after tax from discontinued operations in the statement of profit and loss account.

Assets and liabilities classified as held for distribution are presented separately from others assets and liabilities in the balance sheet.

A disposal group qualifies as discontinued operation if it is a component of an entity that either has been disposed of, or is classified as held for sale, and:

a) Represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations,

b) Is part of a single co-ordinate plan to dispose of a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations

Or

c) Is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale

An entity does not depreciate (or amortize) a non-current asset while it is classified as held for sale or while it is part of a disposal group classified as held for sale.

4.16 Employee Benefits

a) Short Term Employee Benefits

The distinction between short term and long term employee benefits is based on expected timing of settlement rather than the employee''s entitlement benefits. All employee benefits payable within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term benefits. Such benefits include salaries, wages, bonus, short term compensated absences, awards, excreta, performance pay etc. and are recognized in the period in which the employee renders the related service.

b) Post-Employment Benefits

(i) Defined contribution plan

The Company makes payment to approved superannuation schemes, state government provident fund scheme and employee state insurance scheme which are defined contribution plans. The contribution paid/payable under the schemes is recognized in the statement of profit and loss during the period in which the employee renders the related service. The Company has no further obligations under these schemes beyond its periodic contributions.

(ii) Defined benefit plan

The employee''s gratuity fund scheme, pension, post-retirement medical and long term service award benefit schemes are Company''s defined benefit plans. The present value of the obligation under such defined benefit plans is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method as at the date of the Balance sheet. In case of funded plans, the fair value of plan asset is reduced from the gross obligation under the defined benefit plans, to recognize the obligation on a net basis.

Re-measurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognized immediately in the Balance Sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Re-measurements are not reclassified to the profit or loss in subsequent periods.

Past service costs are recognized in the statement of profit and loss on the earlier of:

- The date of the plan amendment or curtailment, and

- The date that the Company recognizes related restructuring costs

Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The Company recognizes the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss:

- Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailments and non-routine settlements; and

- Net interest expense or income.

c) Other long term employment benefits:

The employee''s long term compensated absences are Company''s other long term benefit plans. The present value of the obligation is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method as at the date of the Balance sheet. In case of funded plans, the fair value of plan asset is reduced from the gross obligation, to recognize the obligation on a net basis.

In regard to other long term employment benefits, the Company recognizes the net total of service costs; net interest on the net defined benefit liability (asset); and remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability (asset) in the statement of profit and loss.

d) Termination Benefits :

Termination benefits such as compensation under voluntary retirement scheme are recognized in the statement of profit and loss in the year in which termination benefits become payable or when the Company determines that it can no longer withdraw the offer of those benefits, whichever is earlier.

4.17 Provisions and Contingencies

Necessary provisions are made for the present obligations that arise out of past events entailing future outflow of economic resources. Such provisions reflect best estimates based on available information.

However a disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

4.18 Revenue Recognition

a. Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when all significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods are passed on to the buyer, recovery of the consideration is probable, the associated costs can be estimated reliably , there is no continuing effective control over, or managerial involvement with, the goods, and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably. It also includes excise duty and excludes Value added tax I Sales Tax. Sales are stated net of discounts, rebates and returns.

b. The Company normally sells extended warranty as separate product and revenue from sale of extended warranty is recognized on the straight line basis overthe period of contract.

c. Export incentives are accounted for on export of goods if the entitlements can be estimated with reasonable accuracy and conditions precedent to claim is fulfilled.

d. Income from services is generally recognized on completion of performance of determinable significant act as per terms of specific contracts when no significant uncertainty exists regarding the amount of consideration that will be derived from the completion of said act.

e. Income from dividend on investments is accrued in the year in which it is authorized, whereby right to receive is established.

f. Profit I loss on sale of investments is recognized on the contract date.

g. Rental income arising from operating leases on investment properties is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the lease terms except the cases where incremental lease reflects the inflationary effect and rental income is accounted in such case by actual rent for the period.

4.19 Government Grant

Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized if the following conditions are satisfied,

- There is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to it.

- Such benefits are earned and reasonable certainty exists of the collection.

a. Export Incentives

Export incentives under various schemes notified by government are accounted for in the year of exports as grant related to income and is recognized as other operating income in the statement of profit and loss if the entitlements can be estimated with reasonable accuracy and conditions precedent to claim are fulfilled.

b. Industrial Promotion Subsidy

Government grants received with reference to Industrial Promotion Subsidy under Packaged Scheme of Incentives, 2001 is treated as grant related income and is recognized as other operating income in the statement of profit and loss as and when the Company makes the sale.

c. Export Promotion Capital Goods

Government grants received with reference to export promotion capital goods scheme are initially recognized as deferred revenue and grant in proportion of export obligation achieved during the year is reduced from deferred revenue and recognized as other operating income in the statement of profit and loss.

4.20 Cash dividend

The Company recognizes a liability to make cash distributions to the equity holders of the Company when the distribution is authorized and the distribution is no longer at the discretion of the Company. As per the provisions of Companies Act, 2013, a distribution is authorized when it is approved by the shareholders. Corresponding amount is recognized directly in equity.

Non-cash distributions, if any , are measured at the fair value of the assets to be distributed with fair value re-measurement recognized directly in equity.

Upon distribution of non-cash assets, any difference between the carrying amount of the liability and the carrying amount of the assets distributed is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

4.21 Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

4.22 Cash Flow Statement

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non cash nature and any deferral or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

4.23 Segment Reporting

a. Identification of Segments

The Company''s operating business predominantly relates to manufacture of internal combustion engines, genets’ and parts thereof (Engine Business Segment) used for various applications such as Agriculture, Industrial, Stationery Power Plants, Construction Equipment, etc.

b. Allocation of common costs

Common allocable costs are allocated to the Engine Segment based on sales of engine segment to the total sales of the Company.

c. Unallocated items

Corporate assets and liabilities, income and expenses which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments, are included under other reconciling items.

5. First-time adoption of Indian Accounting Standards (“Ind AS”)

The standalone financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (“Ind AS”) as issued under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015. The Company has adopted Ind AS for the first time. Note 41 spells out details of various provisions for First time adoption.

6. Additional Notes to the Financial Statements

(B) The Company has imported Capital Goods under the Export Promotion Capital Goods Scheme of the Government of India, at concessional rates of duty on an undertaking to fulfill quantified exports against which, remaining future obligations aggregates USD 1.04 million (PY - USD 1.86 million). Non fulfillment of export obligations, if any, entails options/rights to the Government to confiscate capital goods imported under the said licenses and other penalties under the above-referred scheme. Minimum Export obligation to be fulfilled by the company is not achieved by the company under the said scheme, for the year ended 31 March 2017.

6.11. The Company''s operating business predominantly relates to manufacture of internal combustion engines, gensets and parts thereof and hence the Company has considered “Engines” as the single reportable segment. As per Ind AS 108 “Operating Segments”, company is required to disclose required segment details in consolidated financial statement. Hence, these details are disclosed under consolidated financial statement.

6.12. Related Parties have been identified as defined under Clause 9 of Accounting Standard (Ind AS 24) “Related Party Disclosures”

(A) Description of Related Parties

i) Name of the Related Party and nature of relationship where control exists:

Sr. Related Party Category Company No.

1 Companies controlled by KOEL KOEL AmericasCorp.USA (KOEL controlling - 50% ofvoting

power)

2 Entity controlled by Key Managerial Achyut & Neeta Holdings & Finance Private Personnel Limited

Expert Quality Cloud Information Technology Private Limited

Kirloskar Energen Private Limited Kirloskar Solar Technologies Private Limited

Kloudq Technologies Limited (Formerly known as Kloud works Consulting Services Ltd.)

Lakeland Universal Limited BVI Navsai Investments Private Limited

3 Entity controlled by Close Member of Alpaklnvestment Private Limited

Key Managerial Personnel Snow Leopard Technology Ventures LLP

The above figures do not include provision for leave encashment and gratuity, as actuarial valuation of such provision for the Key Management Personnel is included in the total provision for Leave encashment & gratuity.

Terms and conditions of transactions with related parties

Transaction entered into with related party are made on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm''s length transactions. Outstanding balances at the year-end are unsecured and interest free and settlement occurs in cash. There have been no guarantees provided or received for any related party receivables or payables. For the year ended 31 March 2017, the Company has not recorded any impairment of receivables relating to amounts owed by related parties (31 March 2016:Rs, Nil and 1 April 2015: Rs, Nil). This assessment is undertaken each financial year through examining the financial position of the related party and the market in which the related party operates.

Commitments with related parties

The Company has not provided any commitment to the related party as at 31 March 2017 (31 March 2016:Rs,Niland1 April 2015:Rs,Nil)

Transactions with key management personnel

Compensation of key management personnel of the Company

The amounts disclosed in the table are the amounts recognized as an expense during the reporting period related to key management personnel.

The above figures do not include provision for leave encashment and gratuity, as actuarial valuation of such provision for the Key Management Personnel is included in the total provision for Leave encashment & gratuity.

Earnings per share are calculated in accordance with Accounting Standard (Ind AS 33) “Earnings Per Share”.

6.14 Fairdale disclosures for financial assets and financial liabilities

The management believes that the fair values of non-current financial assets (e.g., Investments at FVPL, loans and others) .current financial assets (e.g., cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, loans), non-current financial liabilities and current financial liabilities (e.g. Trade payables and other payables and others) approximate their carrying amounts.

The Company has not performed a fair valuation of its investment in unquoted ordinary shares other than subsidiary, which are classified as FVOCI (refer Note 4), as the Company believes that impact of change on account of fair value is insignificant.

Fair value of unquoted investment in Mutual fund is determined by reference to Net Asset Value (''NAV'') available from respective Assets Management Companies (''AMC'').

6.15 Fair value hierarchy

The following table provides the fair value measurement hierarchy of the Company''s assets and liabilities

6.16 Financial instruments risk management objectives and policies

The Company''s principal financial liabilities, other than derivatives, comprise borrowings, trade and other payables and other financial liabilities. The main purpose of these financial liabilities is to finance the Company''s operations to support its operations. The Company''s principal financial assets include Investments, loans, trade and other receivables, cash and short-term deposits and other financial assets that derive directly from its operations. The Company also enters into derivative transactions.

The company is exposed to market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Company''s senior management oversees the management of these risks. The Audit Committee and Board review financial risks and the appropriate risk governance framework for the company''s financial risks are identified, measured and managed in accordance with the Company''s policies and risk objectives. It is the Company''s policy that no trading in derivatives for speculative purposes may be undertaken. The Board of Directors reviews and agrees policies for managing each of these risks, which are summarized below

a) Market risk

Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices. Market risk comprises three types of risk: interest rate risk, currency risk and other price risk, such as equity price risk and commodity risk. Financial instruments affected by market risk include borrowings, deposits, Investments, trade and other receivables, trade and other payables and derivative financial instruments.

The sensitivity analyses in the following sections relate to the position as at 31 March 2017, 31 March 2016 and 1 April 2015

The analyses exclude the impact of movements in market variables on: the carrying values of gratuity, pension and other post-retirement obligations and provisions.

The following assumption has been made in calculating the sensitivity analyses:

- The sensitivity of the relevant statement of profit and loss item is the effect of the assumed changes in respective market risks. This is based on the financial assets and financial liabilities held at 31 March 2017, 31 March 2016 and 1 April 2015 including the effect of hedge accounting.

Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company'' does not have any long term borrowings with floating interest rate. Thus the Company does not have any interest rate risk at present.

Foreign currency risk

Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates. The Company''s exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates relates primarily to the Company''s operating activities (when revenue or expense is denominated in a foreign currency) and the Company''s net investments in foreign subsidiaries.

The Company manages its foreign currency risk by hedging transactions related to sales & purchases.

At 31 March 2017, 31 March 2016 and 1 April 2015, the Company has hedged 976,726 USD, Nil and 185,572 EUR, for 2-4 months, respectively, of its total foreign currency exposure. This foreign currency risk is hedged by using foreign currency forward contracts.

Foreign currency sensitivity

The following tables demonstrate the sensitivity to a reasonably possible change in USD, EUR and GBP exchange rates, with all other variables held constant. The impact on the Company''s profit before tax is due to changes in the fair value of monetary assets and liabilities. The impact on the Company''s pre-tax equity is due to changes in the fair value of forward exchange contracts designated as cash flow hedges and net investment hedges. The Company''s exposure to foreign currency changes for all other currencies is not material.

Commodity price risk

The Company is affected by the price volatility of certain commodities. Its operating activities require the on-going purchase and manufacture of engines and therefore require a continuous supply of copper and steel. However, Company being the indirect user of these commodities, volatility in price of such commodity does not have direct or immediate impact on the profitability of the Company. Hence, the Company do not for see any direct or immediate risk with respect to such commodity price fluctuation.

Other Price Risk

The company''s portfolio of investments mainly consists of debt mutual fund with short term


Mar 31, 2014

1.1 Basis of preparation of Financial Statements

The Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (IGAAP) under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis, except where specified otherwise and in case of significant uncertainties.

IGAAP comprises mandatory accounting standards prescribed by Companies (Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2006, provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and the guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India.

Revised Schedule VI notified under the Companies Act, 1956 has become applicable to the company for preparation and presentation of financial statements from the year ended 31 March 2012. Accordingly all assets and liabilities have been classified as current or noncurrent as per Company''s normal operating cycle and / or other criteria set out in revised Schedule VI.

1.2 Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The estimates and assumptions used in the accompanying financial statements are based upon management''s evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as of the date of the financial statements. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in preparing the accompanying financial statements. Any changes in accounting estimates are recognised in the profit & loss account of the period when such changes are known / materialise.

1.3 Fixed Assets

a. Tangible Fixed assets, other than Leasehold Land, are stated at cost of acquisition or construction less accumulated depreciation. Leasehold land is valued at cost less amount written off up to the balance sheet date. Cost includes the purchase price and all other attributable costs incurred for bringing the asset to its working condition for intended use.

b. Expenditure on New Projects and Expenditure during Construction :

In case of new projects, expenditure incurred including interest on borrowings and financing costs of specific loans, prior to commencement of commercial production is capitalized and included in the cost of assets.

c. Capital work-in-progress comprises cost of fixed assets that are not yet installed and ready for their intended use at the balance sheet date.

d. Intangible assets are recorded at the consideration paid for acquisition. Expenditure incurred in development phase, where it is reasonably certain that the outcome of development will be commercially exploited to yield future economic benefits to the Company, is considered as an intangible asset. Such developmental expenditure is capitalized at cost including a share of allocable expenses.

e. Own manufactured assets are capitalised at cost including an appropriate share of allocable expenses.

1.5 Investments

Investments which are readily realizable and are intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which investments are made are classified as Current investments, mainly comprising investments in mutual funds. Such investments are stated at cost, adjusted for diminution in their value.

All other investments are classified as Long term investments and are stated at cost less diminution, other than temporary, in their value.

1.6 Inventories

a. Stores and spares, raw materials and components are valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost includes all cost of purchase and incidental expenses incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is ascertained using weighted average method.

b. Work-in-process including finished components and finished goods are valued at cost or realisable value whichever is lower. Cost includes direct materials, labour costs and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on the normal operating capacity. Finished goods lying in the factory premises, branches and depots are valued inclusive of excise duty.

c. Materials-in-transit and materials in bonded warehouse are valued at actual cost incurred up to the date of balance sheet.

d. Unserviceable, damaged and obsolete inventory is valued at cost or net realisable value whichever is lower.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

1.7 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

1.8 Foreign Currency Transactions

a. Initial Recognition

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in Indian currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the Indian currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

b. Conversion

Current assets and current liabilities, Secured Loans, being monetary items, designated in foreign currencies are revalorized at the rate prevailing on the date of Balance Sheet or forward contract rate or other appropriate rate.

c. Exchange Differences

Exchange differences arising on the settlement and conversion of foreign currency transactions are recognised as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise, except in cases where they relate to the acquisition of qualifying assets, in which cases they are adjusted in the cost of the corresponding asset. Further, as per Ministry of Corporate Affairs Notification dated 31 March 2009, as amended vide G.S.R. 378(E) dated 11 May 2011,and the clarification provided vide Ministry of Corporate Affairs circular 25 / 2012 dated 9 August 2012, eligible exchange difference on foreign currency loans utilized for acquisition of assets, up to 31 March, 2014, is adjusted in the cost of the asset to be depreciated over the balance life of the asset.

d. Forward Contracts

Company uses foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge its exposure against movements in foreign exchange rates. The use of foreign exchange forward contracts is intended to reduce the risk or cost to the Company. Foreign Exchange forward contracts are not used for trading or speculation purpose. Mark to Market Losses or Gains are recognized in

the profit and loss account subject to (c). above. However, Mark to Market Losses or Gains on instruments to hedge highly probable forecast transactions which serve as effective hedges, as determined under the Accounting Standard 30, are accumulated in the Hedge Reserve until the underlying transaction occurs upon which the respective accumulated balances are recognized in the profit and loss account.

In respect of foreign exchange forward contracts, difference between forward contract rate and exchange rate (Spot rate) prevailing on the date of forward contract (i.e. forward premium / discount) is amortised as income or expense over the life of the contract, subject to (c) above.

e. Option Contracts

Company uses foreign exchange option contracts to hedge its exposure against movements in foreign exchange rates. The use of foreign exchange option contracts reduces the risk or cost to the Company. Foreign Exchange option contracts are not used for trading or speculation purpose.

Outstanding foreign exchange option contracts on the date of Balance Sheet are marked to market (MTM). MTM losses or gains, if any, are recognized in the Profit and Loss account subject to (c) above. However, in respect of instruments to hedge highly probable forecast transactions which serve as effective hedges as determined under the accounting standard 30, the gains and losses are accumulated in the Hedge reserve until the underlying transaction occurs upon which the respective accumulated balances are recognized in the profit and loss account.

1.9 Employee Benefits

a. Short Term Employee Benefits:

All employee benefits payable within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term benefits. Such benefits include salaries, wages, bonus, short term compensated absences, awards, exgratia, performance pay etc. and the same are recognised in the period in which the employee renders the related service.

b. Post-Employment Benefits:

i. Defined Contribution Plans:

The Company''s approved superannuation schemes, state government provident fund scheme, employee state insurance scheme are defined contribution plans. The contribution paid / payable under the schemes is recognised during the period in which the employee renders the related service.

ii. Defined Benefit Plans:

The employee''s gratuity fund scheme, long term compensated absences, pension, post-retirement medical and long term service award benefit schemes are Company''s defined benefit plans. The present value of the obligation under such defined benefit plans is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method as at the date of the Balance sheet. In case of funded plans, the fair value of plan asset is reduced from the gross obligation under the defined benefit plans, to recognise the obligation on the net basis.

In the case of Funded Gratuity liability, amount due to the fund within 12 months is treated as current liability. In the case of pension, post-retirement medical benefit and Long term service award benefit scheme the amount expected to be paid / expected to settle within next 12 months is treated as current and balance amount is treated as non- current. In the case of Long Term Compensated absence the determination of current

and non-current liability is based on unconditional right to defer its settlement in next 12 months from the reporting date and other factors such as Attrition rate, retirement in next 12 months.

iii. Termination Benefits:

Termination benefits such as compensation under voluntary retirement scheme are recognised in the year in which termination benefits become payable.

1.10 Warranty

Product warranty provision is estimated on the basis of past experience, and is accrued in the year of sale.

1.11 Research and Development

Capital expenditure incurred on research & development is capitalized as fixed assets. Revenue expenditure for carrying out the research activity is charged to the Profit and Loss Account in the year in which it is incurred.

Expenditure incurred on development phase, where it is reasonably certain that the outcome of development will be commercially exploited to yield future economic benefits to the Company, is considered as an intangible asset.

1.12 Revenue Recognition

a. Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed on to the buyer, which generally coincides with their delivery to the buyer. Sales are stated net of discounts, rebates and returns.

b. Export sales are accounted on the basis of the dates of "Shipped on Board" Bill of Lading, other delivery documents as per contract.

c. Export incentives are accounted for on export of goods if the entitlements can be estimated with reasonable accuracy and conditions precedent to claim is fulfilled.

d. Income from services is recognized on completion of services as per the terms of specific contracts.

e. Income from dividend on investments is accrued in the year in which it is declared, whereby right to receive is established.

f. Profit / loss on sale of investments is recognized on the contract date.

1.13 Government Grant

Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized if the following conditions are satisfied,

- There is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to it.

- Such benefits are earned and reasonable certainty exists of the collection.

Government grants or subsidies given with reference to the total investment in an undertaking or setting up of new industrial undertaking is treated as capital receipt and credited to capital reserve. The said capital reserve will not be available for distribution of dividend nor is it considered as deferred income.

1.14 Borrowing Cost

Borrowing Costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are capitalized till the month in which the asset is ready to use, as part of the cost of that asset.

Other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which these are incurred.

1.15 Income Tax

Tax expense comprises of both current and deferred tax. Provision for current tax is made on the basis of the taxable profits computed for the current accounting period in accordance with Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred Tax resulting from timing differences between Book Profits and Tax Profits is accounted for, at prevailing or substantially enacted rate of tax to the extent timing differences are expected to crystalize, in case of Deferred Tax Liabilities with reasonable certainty and in case of Deferred Tax Assets with reasonable certainty that there would be adequate future taxable income against which deferred tax assets can be realised. However, deferred tax asset arising on account of unabsorbed depreciation and business losses are recognised only if, there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that there would be adequate future taxable income against which the same can be realised / set off.

1.16 Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year after prior period adjustment attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

1.17 Cash Flow Statement

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non cash nature and any deferral or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

1.18 Segment Reporting

a. Identification of Segments

The Company''s operating business predominantly relates to manufacture of internal combustion engines, gensets and parts thereof (Engine Business Segment) used for various applications such as Agriculture, Industrial, Stationery Power Plants, Construction Equipment, etc.

b. Intersegment Transfers

The Company generally accounts for inter-segment sales and transfers as if the sales or transfers were to third parties at current market prices.

c. Allocation of common costs

Common allocable costs are allocated to the Engine Segment according to the sales of each segment to the total sales of the Company.

d. Unallocated items

Corporate assets and liabilities, income and expenses which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments, are included under unallocated items.

1.19 Impairment of Assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any indication due to internal or external factors that an asset or a group of assets comprising a Cash Generating Unit (CGU) may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the assets. If such recoverable amount of the assets or the recoverable amount (economic value in use) of the CGU to which the asset belongs is less than the carrying amount of the assets or the CGU as the case may be, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the profit and loss account. If at any subsequent balance sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost and is accordingly reversed in the profit and loss account.

1.20 Provisions and Contingencies

Necessary provisions are made for the present obligations that arise out of past events entailing future outflow of economic resources. Such provisions reflect best estimates based on available information.

However a disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

2. Terms/Rights attached to the equity shares

The Company has only one class of equity shares having par value of Rs. 2/- each. Each equity shareholder is entitled to one vote per share and has a right to receive dividend as recommended by Board of Directors subject to the necessary approval from the shareholders.

The Board of Directors has recommended a dividend of 250% (Rs. 5/- per share) for the financial year.

In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the Company, after distribution of all preferential amounts. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.

3. Shares held by holding/ultimate holding Company and/or their subsidiaries/associates

Holding Company as per Section 4(3)(b)(ii) of the Companies Act, 1956

5. Aggregate number of bonus shares issued, share issued for consideration other than cash and

shares bought back during the period of five years immediately preceding the reporting date:

a. Hon''ble High Court of Judicature at Bombay vide its order dated 31 July 2009 read with its order dated 19 March 2010 had approved the Scheme of Arrangement between Kirloskar Oil Engines Limited (now known as Kirloskar Industries Limited – Demerged Company) and Kirloskar Engines India Limited [now known as Kirloskar Oil Engines Limited – Resulting Company ("Company")] and their respective shareholders and creditors. The appointed date was 1 April 2009 and the Scheme has become effective from 31 March 2010. The Engines and Auto Components business of Demerged Company was transferred and vested with the Company i.e. Kirloskar Oil Engines Limited on the Scheme of Arrangement becoming effective retrospectively with effect from 1 April 2009.

14,56,29,750 Equity Shares of Rs. 2 each were issued and allotted on April 30, 2010 (out of which 465 equity shares of Rs. 2/- each were kept in abeyance) for consideration other than cash under the said Scheme becoming effective from 31 March 2010, sanctioned by the Hon''ble High Court of the Judicature of Bombay.

b. The Board of Directors in its meeting held on 25 January 2012, had approved a buy back of fully paid up equity shares of the Company by way of open market purchase through stock exchange route at a maximum price of Rs. 170/- per share and the cumulative buyback value not exceeding Rs. 73.625 Crs which represents 10% of total paid up capital and free reserves computed as per the latest available audited balance sheet as on 31 March 2011. The buyback commenced on 5 March 2012.

As per the terms of the Public Announcement dated 16 February 2012, the Corrigendum to the said Public Announcement dated 1 March 2012 and the Post Offer Public Advertisement dated 24 January 2013 issued in relation to the completion of buyback, the buyback was closed on 24 January 2013.

The Company has bought back and extinguished 10,15,424 equity shares of Rs. 2/- each for Rs. 15.67 Crs, at an average price of Rs. 154.34 under the Buyback Scheme, upto 24 January 2013.

Subsidy for setting up new industrial unit

The Company''s manufacturing facility at Kagal has been granted "Mega Project Status" by Government of Maharashtra and hence is eligible for Industrial Promotion Subsidy (IPS) under Packaged Scheme of Incentive (PSI) 2001. This scheme is for intensifying and accelerating the process of dispersal of industries to the less developed regions and promoting high tech industries in the less developed areas of the State coupled with the object of generating employment opportunities. The Company has been granted Eligibility Certificate issued by the Directorate of Industries, Government of Maharashtra, which stipulates that the eligible unit needs to invest Rs. 500.00 Crs in prescribed area for availing the "Mega Project Status" and the maximum fixed capital investment be restricted to Rs. 598.57 Crs. Additionally, the Eligible Investment should be incurred within a period from 13 April 2006 to 31 March 2013. As at 31 March 2013, the company has complied with the conditions stipulated for being considered "Mega Project Status". IPS consists of following entitlement available for a period of 9 years from the date of commencement of commercial production, i.e., from 1 April 2008 to 31 March 2017:

IPS equivalent to 100% of "Eligible Investments"; or Amount of MVAT and CST payable to the State Government (before adjustment of Set-off) on sales made from Kagal plant, less the amount of benefits availed by way of electricity duty exemption and stamp duty exemption whichever is lower.

In terms of the Accounting Standard (AS 12) "Accounting for Government Grants" prescribed by Companies (Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2006, eligible incentive is considered to be in the nature of promoters'' contribution. Therefore, incentive of Rs. 19.13 Crs for the year (P.Y. Rs. 22.74 Crs) has been credited to the Capital Reserve. Subsidy Receivable as at 31 March 2014 is Rs. 50.36 Crs (P.Y. Rs. 37.36 Crs)

Buyback of Shares

Pursuant to the approval of the Board of Directors in its meeting held on 25 January 2012, the Company had bought back and extinguished 10,15,424 equity shares of Rs. 2/- each by way of open market purchases through stock exchange route for Rs. 15.67 Crs, at an average price of Rs. 154.34 under the Buyback Scheme, upto 24 January 2013.

Capital Redemption Reserve created out of General Reserve for Rs. 0.20 Crs, being the nominal value of shares bought back in terms of Section 77A of The Companies Act, 1956 is included in the amount utilized for equity shares buyback.

Company''s fund and non-fund based working capital facilities aggregating toRs.310 Crs. are secured to the extent of Rs. 310 Crs. by way of hypothecation (First Charge) on the whole of the current assets of the Company both present and future and to the extent of Rs. 60 Crs. by way of second charge on the whole of the movable fixed assets of the Company together with all its movable plant and machinery, machinery spares, tools, accessories and other movables both present and future, in favour of the consortium of banks (SBI Consortium) comprising of State Bank of India, Pune (Lead Bank), Bank of Maharashtra, ICICI Bank Limited, HDFC Bank Limited, and The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited (HSBC).


Mar 31, 2013

1.1 Basis of preparation of Financial Statements

The Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (IGAAP) under the historical cost convention on accrual basis, except where specified otherwise and in case of significant uncertainties.

IGAAP comprises mandatory accounting standards prescribed by Companies (Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2006, provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and the guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India.

Revised Schedule VI notified under the Companies Act, 1956 has become applicable to the company for preparation and presentation of financial statements from the year ended 31 March 2012. Accordingly all assets and liabilities have been classified as current or noncurrent as per Company''s normal operating cycle and/or other criteria set out in revised Schedule VI.

1.2 Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The estimates and assumptions used in the accompanying financial statements are based upon management''s evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as of the date of the financial statements. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in preparing the accompanying financial statements. Any changes in accounting estimates are recognised in the profit & loss account of the period when such changes are known/ materialise.

1.3 Fixed Assets

a. Tangible Fixed assets, other than Leasehold Land, are stated at cost of acquisition or construction less accumulated depreciation. Leasehold land is valued at cost less amount written off up to the balance sheet date. Cost includes the purchase price and all other attributable costs incurred for bringing the asset to its working condition for intended use.

b. Expenditure on New Projects and Expenditure during Construction :

In case of new projects, expenditure incurred including interest on borrowings and financing costs of specific loans, prior to commencement of commercial production is capitalized and included in the cost of assets.

c. Capital work-in-progress comprises cost of fixed assets that are not yet installed and ready for their intended use at the balance sheet date.

d. Intangible assets are recorded at the consideration paid for acquisition. Expenditure incurred on development phase, where it is reasonably certain that the outcome of development will be commercially exploited to yield future economic benefits to the Company, is considered as an intangible asset. Such developmental expenditure is capitalized at cost including a share of allocable expenses.

e. Own manufactured assets are capitalised at cost including an appropriate share of allocable expenses.

1.4 Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation is charged on the assets as follows:

* Jigs and Fixtures, Dies and Patterns costing below Rs. 1 lac and other fixed assets costing below Rs. 5,000/- are charged to revenue in the year of acquisition.

@ Depreciation on additions is provided from the beginning of the month in which the asset is added $ Depreciation on assets sold, discarded or demolished during the year is being provided at their respective rates on pro- rata basis up to the end of the month prior to the month in which such assets are sold, discarded or demolished.

# Foreign exchange fluctuation gain/ loss on imported plant and equipment is capitalized in the cost of the respective fixed asset. Depreciation on such additions is provided over the remaining useful life of the underlying plant and equipment.

1.5 Investments

Investments which are readily realizable and are intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which investments are made are classified as Current investments, mainly comprising investments in mutual funds. Such investments are stated at cost, adjusted for diminution in their value.

All other investments are classified as Long term investments and are stated at cost less diminution, other than temporary, in their value.

1.6 Inventories

a. Stores and spares, raw materials and components are valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost includes all cost of purchase and incidental expenses incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is ascertained using weighted average method.

b. Work-in-process including finished components and finished goods are valued at cost or realisable value whichever is lower. Cost includes direct materials, labour costs and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on the normal operating capacity. Finished goods lying in the factory premises, branches and depots are valued inclusive of excise duty.

c. Materials-in-transit and materials in bonded warehouse are valued at actual cost up to the date of balance sheet.

d. Unserviceable, damaged and obsolete inventory is valued at cost or net realisable value whichever is lower.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

1.7 Foreign Currency Transactions

a. Initial Recognition

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in Indian currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the Indian currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

b. Conversion

Current assets and current liabilities, Secured Loans, being monetary items, designated in foreign currencies are revalorized at the rate prevailing on the date of Balance Sheet or forward contract rate or other appropriate rate.

c. Exchange Differences

Exchange differences arising on the settlement and conversion of foreign currency transactions are recognised as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise, except in cases where they relate to the acquisition of qualifying assets, in which case they are adjusted in the cost of the corresponding asset. Further, as per Ministry of Corporate Affairs Notification dated 31 March 2009, as amended vide G.S.R. 378(E) dated 11 May 2011,and the clarification provided vide Ministry of Corporate Affairs circular 25/2012 dated 9 August 2012, eligible exchange difference on foreign currency loans utilized for acquisition of assets, up to 31 March, 2013, is adjusted in the cost of the asset to be depreciated over the balance life of the asset.

d. Forward Contracts

Company uses foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge its exposure against movements in foreign exchange rates. The use of foreign exchange forward contracts is intended to reduce the risk or cost to the Company. Foreign Exchange forward contracts are not used for trading or speculation purpose. Mark to Market Losses or Gains are recognized in the profit and loss account subject to (c) above. However, Mark to Market Losses or Gains on instruments to hedge highly probable forecast transactions which serve as effective hedges, as determined under the accounting standard 30, are accumulated in the Hedge reserve until the underlying transaction occurs upon which the respective accumulated balances are recognized in the profit and loss account.

In respect of foreign exchange forward contracts, difference between forward contract rate and exchange rate (spot rate) prevailing on the date of forward contract (i.e. forward premium / discount) is amortised as income or expense over the life of the contract, subject to (c) above.

e. Option Contracts

Company uses foreign exchange option contracts to hedge its exposure against movements in foreign exchange rates. The use of foreign exchange option contracts reduces the risk or cost to the Company. Foreign Exchange option contracts are not used for trading or speculation purpose. Outstanding foreign exchange option contracts on the date of Balance Sheet are marked to market (MTM). MTM losses or gains, if any, are recognized in the Profit and Loss account subject to (c) above. However, in respect of instruments to hedge highly probable forecast transactions which serve as effective hedges as determined under the accounting standard 30, the gains and losses are accumulated in the Hedge reserve until the underlying transaction occurs upon which the respective accumulated balances are recognized in the profit and loss account.

1.8 Employee Benefits

a. Short Term Employee Benefits:

All employee benefits payable within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term benefits. Such benefits include salaries, wages, bonus, short term compensated absences, awards, exgratia, performance pay etc. and the same are recognised in the period in which the employee renders the related service.

b. Post-Employment Benefits:

i. Defined Contribution Plans:

The Company''s approved superannuation schemes, state government provident fund scheme, employee state insurance scheme are defined contribution plans. The contribution paid / payable under the schemes is recognised during the period in which the employee renders the related service. The Company also makes specified monthly contributions towards employee provident fund to a Trust administered by the company.

The minimum interest payable by the trust to the beneficiaries every year is being notified by the Government. The Company has an obligation to make good the shortfall, if any, between the return from the investments of the trust and the notified interest rate, which is recognized as a cost as and when determined.

ii. Defined Benefit Plans:

The employee''s gratuity fund scheme, long term compensated absences, pension, post- retirement medical and long term service award benefit schemes are Company''s defined benefit plans. The present value of the obligation under such defined benefit plans is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method as at the date of the Balance sheet. In case of funded plans, the fair value of plan assets is reduced from the gross obligation under the defined benefit plans, to recognise the obligation on the net basis.

In the case of Funded Gratuity liability, amount due to the fund within 12 months is treated as current liability. In the case of pension, post-retirement medical benefit and long term service award benefit scheme the amount expected to be paid / expected to settle within next 12 months is treated as current and balance amount is treated as non-current. In the case of long term compensated absence the determination of current and noncurrent liability is based on unconditional right to defer its settlement in next 12 months from the reporting date and other factors such as attrition rate, retirement in next 12 months.

iii. Termination Benefits:

Termination benefits such as compensation under voluntary retirement scheme are recognised in the year in which termination benefits become payable.

1.9 Warranty

Product warranty provision is estimated on the basis of past experience, and is accrued in the year of sale.

1.10 Research and Development

Capital expenditure incurred on research & development is capitalized as fixed asset. Revenue expenditure for carrying out the research activity is charged to the Profit and Loss Account in the year in which it is incurred. Expenditure incurred on development phase, where it is reasonably certain that the outcome of development will be commercially exploited to yield future economic benefits to the Company, is considered as an intangible asset.

1.11 Revenue Recognition

a. Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer, which generally coincides with their delivery to the buyer. Sales are stated net of discounts, rebates and returns.

b. Export sales are accounted on the basis of the dates of "Shipped on Board" Bill of Lading, other delivery documents as per contract.

c. Export incentives are accounted for on export of goods if the entitlements can be estimated with reasonable accuracy and conditions precedent to claim is fulfilled.

d. Income from services is recognized on completion of services as per the terms of specific contracts.

e. Income from dividend on investments is accrued in the year in which it is declared, whereby right to receive is established.

f. Profit / loss on sale of investments is recognized on the contract date.

1.12 Government Grant

Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized if the following conditions are satisfied:

- There is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to it.

- Such benefits are earned and reasonable certainty exists of the collection.

Government grants or subsidies given with reference to the total investment in an undertaking or setting up of new industrial undertaking is treated as capital receipt and credited to capital reserve. The said capital reserve will not be available for distribution of dividend nor is it considered as deferred income.

1.13 Borrowing Cost

Borrowing Costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are capitalized till the month in which the asset is ready to use, as part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which these are incurred.

1.14 Income Tax

Tax expense comprises of both current and deferred tax. Provision for current tax is made on the basis of the taxable profits computed for the current accounting period in accordance with Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred Tax resulting from timing differences between Book Profits and Tax Profits is accounted for, at prevailing or substantially enacted rate of tax to the extent timing differences are expected to crystalize, in case of Deferred Tax Liabilities with reasonable certainty and in case of Deferred Tax Assets with reasonable certainty that there would be adequate future taxable income against which deferred tax assets can be realised. However, deferred tax asset arising on account of unabsorbed depreciation and business losses are recognised only if, there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that there would be adequate future taxable income against which the same can be realised/ set off.

1.15 Earning Per Share

Earning per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year after prior period adjustment attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

1.16 Cash Flow Statement

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non cash nature and any deferral or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

1.17 Segment Reporting

a. Identification of Segments

The Company''s operating business predominantly relates to manufacture of internal combustion engines, gensets and parts thereof (Engine Business Segment) used for various applications such as Agriculture, Industrial, Stationery Power Plants, Construction Equipment, etc.

b. Intersegment Transfers

The Company generally accounts for inter-segment sales and transfers as if the sales or transfers were to third parties at current market prices.

c. Allocation of common costs

Common allocable costs are allocated to the Engine Segment according to the sales of each segment to the total sales of the Company.

d. Unallocated items

Corporate assets and liabilities, income and expenses which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments, are included under unallocated items.

1.18 Impairment of Assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any indication due to internal or external factors that an asset or a group of assets comprising a Cash Generating Unit (CGU) may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the assets. If such recoverable amount of the assets or the recoverable amount (economic value in use) of the CGU to which the asset belongs is less than the carrying amount of the assets or the CGU as the case may be, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the profit and loss account. If at any subsequent balance sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost and is accordingly reversed in the profit and loss account.

1.19 Provisions and Contingencies

Necessary provisions are made for the present obligations that arise out of past events entailing future outflow of economic resources. Such provisions reflect best estimates based on available information.

However a disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.


Mar 31, 2012

1.1 Basis of preparation of Financial Statements

The Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis, except where specified otherwise and in case of significant uncertainties.

GAAP comprises mandatory accounting standards prescribed by Companies (Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2006, provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and the guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India.

Revised Schedule VI notified under the Companies Act, 1956 has become applicable to the company from accounting year commencing from 1 April 2011 for preparation and presentation of financial statements. Accordingly all assets and liabilities have been classified as current or noncurrent as per Companies normal operating cycle and/or other criteria's set out in Revised Schedule VI.

1.2 Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The estimates and assumptions used in the accompanying financial statements are based upon management's evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as of the date of the financial statements. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in preparing the accompanying financial statements. Any revisions to accounting estimates are recognised prospectively in future periods.

1.3 Fixed Assets

a. Fixed assets, except leasehold land, are stated at cost of acquisition or construction less accumulated depreciation. Cost includes the purchase price and all other attributable costs incurred for bringing the asset to its working condition for intended use. Leasehold land is valued at cost less amount written off.

b. Expenditure on New Projects and Expenditure during Construction :

In case of new projects, expenditure incurred prior to commencement of commercial production, including interest on borrowings and financing costs of specific loans, is being capitalized to the cost of assets.

c. Capital work-in-progress comprises cost of fixed assets that are not yet installed and not ready for their intended use at the balance sheet date.

d. Intangible assets are recorded at the consideration paid for acquisition. Expenditure incurred on development phase, where it is reasonably certain that the outcome of development will be commercially exploited to yield future economic benefits to the Company, is considered as an intangible asset. Such developmental expenditure is capitalised at cost including a share of allocable expenses.

e. Own manufactured assets are capitalised at cost including a share of allocable expenses.

f. Exchange Differences - See 32 .1.7 (c) below

1.4 Depreciation and Amortization

a. Freehold land is not depreciated.

b. Leasehold land is amortized over the period of lease.

c. Depreciation on all assets for the year has been provided on straight line method at the rates and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 from the beginning of the month in which addition is made. However, if the rate inferred by estimated useful life of the asset is higher than those of schedule XIV, then Depreciation is computed with reference to useful life. Accordingly, Depreciation on following asset classes has been provided over the estimated useful life of respective assets at the rates being higher than the rates as per Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956.

i. On Computers and peripherals, depreciation rates range from 20.00% p.a. to 33.33% p.a

ii. On Pattern tooling equipment, depreciation rate is 25.00% p.a.

iii. On Electrical Installation, depreciation rate is 6.67% p.a.

iv. On Furniture & Fixture, depreciation rates range from 10.00% p.a. to 25.00% p.a.

v. On Vehicles & Aircraft, depreciation rates are 20.00% p.a. and 6.67% p.a. respectively.

d. Jigs and Fixtures, Dies and Patterns costing below Rs 1 lac and other fixed assets costing below Rs 5,000/- are charged to revenue in the year of acquisition.

e. Intangible assets are amortised over their respective individual estimated useful lives on a straight line basis, commencing from the date the asset is available to the Company for its intended use.

f. Depreciation on additions due to increase in rupee value of fixed assets on account of foreign exchange fluctuations is being provided at the rates of depreciation over the remaining useful life of the said asset.

g. Depreciation on assets sold, discarded or demolished during the year is being provided at their respective rates on prorate basis up to the end of the previous month during which such assets are sold, discarded or demolished.

1.5 Investments

a. Long term investments are stated at cost less permanent diminution in value, if any.

b. Current investments mainly comprising investments in mutual funds are stated at cost, adjusted for diminution, if any.

1.6 Inventories

a. Stores and spares, raw materials and components are valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost includes all cost of purchase and incidental expenses incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is ascertained using weighted average method.

b. Work-in-process including finished components and finished goods are valued at cost or realisable value whichever is lower. Cost includes direct materials, labour costs and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on the normal operating capacity. Finished goods lying in the factory premises, branches and depots are valued inclusive of excise duty.

c. Materials-in-transit and materials in bonded warehouse is valued at actual cost up to the date of balance sheet.

d. Unserviceable, damaged and obsolete inventory is valued at cost or net realisable value whichever is lower.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

1.7 Foreign Currency Transactions

a. Initial Recognition

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

b. Conversion

Current assets and current liabilities, Secured Loans, being monetary items, designated in foreign currencies are revalorized at the rate prevailing on the date of Balance Sheet or forward contract rate or other appropriate rate.

c. Exchange Differences

Exchange differences arising on the settlement and conversion of foreign currency transactions are recognised as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise, except in cases where they relate to the acquisition of qualifying assets, in which cases they are adjusted in the cost of the corresponding asset. Further, as per Ministry of Corporate Affairs Notification dated 31 March 2009, as amended vide

G.S.R. 378(E) dated 11 May 2011, eligible exchange difference on foreign currency loans utilized for acquisition of assets, up to 31 March 2012, is adjusted in the cost of the asset to be depreciated over the balance life of the asset. (See Note No 32.8).

d. Forward Contracts

Company uses foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge its exposure against movements in foreign exchange rates. The use of foreign exchange forward contracts is intended to reduce the risk or cost to the Company. Foreign Exchange forward contracts are not used for trading or speculation purpose. Mark to Market Losses or Gains are recognized in the profit and loss account subject to (c) above. However, Mark to Market Losses or Gains on instruments to hedge highly probable forecast transactions which serve as effective hedges, as determined under the Accounting Standard (AS-30), are accumulated in the Hedge reserve until the underlying transaction occurs upon which the respective accumulated balances are recognized in the profit and loss account.

In respect of foreign exchange forward contracts, difference between forward contract rate and exchange rate (Spot rate) prevailing on the date of forward contract (i.e. forward premium / discount) is amortised as income or expense over the life of the contract, subject to (c) above.

e. Option Contracts

Company uses foreign exchange option contracts to hedge its exposure against movements in foreign exchange rates. The use of foreign exchange option contracts reduces the risk or cost to the Company. Foreign Exchange option contracts are not used for trading or speculation purpose. Outstanding foreign exchange option contracts on the date of Balance Sheet are marked to market (MTM). MTM losses or gains, if any, are recognized in the Profit and Loss account subject to (c) above. However, in respect of instruments to hedge highly probable forecast transactions which serve as effective hedges as determined under the Accounting Standard (AS-30), the gains and losses are accumulated in the Hedge reserve until the underlying transaction occurs upon which the respective accumulated balances are recognized in the profit and loss account.

1.8 Employee Benefits

a. Short Term Employee Benefits:

All employee benefits payable within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term benefits. Such benefits include salaries, wages, bonus, short term compensated absences, awards, exgratia, performance pay etc. and the same are recognised in the period in which the employee renders the related service.

b. Post-Employment Benefits:

i. Defined Contribution Plans:

The Company's approved superannuation schemes, state government provident fund scheme, employee state insurance scheme are defined contribution plans. The contribution paid / payable under the schemes is recognised during the period in which the employee renders the related service. The Company also makes specified monthly contributions towards employee provident fund to a Trust administered by the company.

The minimum interest payable by the trust to the beneficiaries every year is being notified by the Government. The Company has an obligation to make good the shortfall, if any, between the return from the investments of the trust and the notified interest rate, which is recognized as a cost as and when determined.

ii. Defined Benefit Plans:

The employee's gratuity fund scheme, long term compensated absences, pension, post- retirement medical and long term service award benefit schemes are Company's defined benefit plans. The present value of the obligation under such defined benefit plans is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method as at the date of the Balance sheet. In case of funded plans, the fair value of plan asset is reduced from the gross obligation under the defined benefit plans, to recognise the obligation on the net basis. (See Note 32.9)

In the case of Funded Gratuity liability, amount due to the fund within 12 months is treated as current liability. In the case of pension, post-retirement medical benefit and Long term service award benefit scheme the amount expected to be paid / expected to settle within next 12 months is treated as current and balance amount is treated as non-current. In the case of Long Term Compensated absence the determination of current and noncurrent liability is based on unconditional right to defer its settlement in next 12 months from the reporting date and other factors such as Attrition rate, retirement in next 12 months.

iii. Termination Benefits:

Termination benefits such as compensation under voluntary retirement scheme are recognised in the year in which termination benefits become payable.

1.9 Warranty

Product warranty expenses are determined based on past experience and estimates, and are accrued in the year of sale.

1.10 Research and Development

Capital expenditure incurred on research & development is capitalized as fixed assets. Expenditure incurred on development phase, where it is reasonably certain that the outcome of development will be commercially exploited to yield future economic benefits to the Company, is considered as an intangible asset.

Revenue expenditure for carrying out the research activity is charged to the Profit and Loss Account in the year in which it is incurred.

1.11 Revenue Recognition

a. Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer, which generally coincides with their delivery to the buyer. Sales are stated net of discounts, rebates and returns.

b. Export sales are accounted on the basis of the dates of "Shipped on Board", Bill of Lading and other delivery documents as per contract.

c. Export incentives are accounted for on export of goods if the entitlements can be estimated with reasonable accuracy and conditions precedent to claim are fulfilled.

d. Income from services is recognized on completion of services as per the terms of specific contracts.

e. Income from dividend on investments is accrued in the year in which it is declared, whereby right to receive is established.

f. Profit / loss on sale of investments is recognized on the contract date.

1.12 Government Grant

Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized if the following conditions are satisfied,

- There is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to it.

- Such benefits are earned and reasonable certainty exists of the collection.

Government grants or subsidies given with reference to the total investment in an undertaking or setting up of new industrial undertaking is treated as capital receipt and credited to capital reserve. The said capital reserve is not available for distribution of dividend nor is considered as deferred income.

1.13 Borrowing Cost

Borrowing Costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are capitalized till the month in which the asset is ready to use, as part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which these are incurred.

Borrowing costs include foreign exchange differences on the long term foreign currency loans to the extent they are attributable to interest differential on the said loans.

1.14 Income Tax

Tax expense comprises of both current and deferred tax. Provision for current tax is made on the basis of the taxable profits computed for the current accounting period in accordance with Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred Tax resulting from timing differences between Book Profits and Tax Profits is accounted for, at prevailing or substantially enacted rate of tax to the extent timing differences are expected to crystalize, in case of Deferred Tax Liabilities with reasonable certainty and in case of Deferred Tax Assets with reasonable certainty that there would be adequate future taxable income against which deferred tax assets can be realised. However, Deferred Tax Asset arising on account of unabsorbed depreciation and business losses are recognised only if, there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that there would be adequate future taxable income against which the same can be realised/ set off.

1.15 Earning Per Share

Earning per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year after prior period adjustment attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting preference dividends and attributable taxes, if any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

1.16 Cash Flow Statement

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferral or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

1.17 Segment Reporting

a. Identification of Segments

The Company's operating businesses are organized and managed separately according to the nature of products and services provided, with each segment representing a strategic business unit that offers different products and serves different markets.

b. Intersegment Transfers

The Company generally accounts for inter-segment sales and transfers as if the sales or transfers were to third parties at current market prices.

c. Allocation of common costs

Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment according to the sales of each segment to the total sales of the Company.

d. Unallocated items

Corporate assets and liabilities, income and expenses which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments, have been included under unallocated items.

1.18 Impairment of Assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any indication due to internal or external factors that an asset or a group of assets comprising a Cash Generating Unit (CGU) may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the assets. If such recoverable amount of the assets or the recoverable amount (economic value in use) of the CGU to which the asset belongs is less than the carrying amount of the assets or the CGU as the case may be, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the profit and loss account. If at any subsequent balance sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost and is accordingly reversed in the profit and loss account.

1.19 Provisions and Contingencies

Necessary provisions are made for the present obligations that arise out of past events prior to the Balance Sheet date entailing future outflow of economic resources. Such provisions reflect best estimates based on available information.

However a disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.


Mar 31, 2011

1.1 Basis of preparation of Financial Statements

The Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis, except where specified otherwise and in case of significant uncertainties.

GAAP comprises mandatory accounting standards prescribed by Companies (Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2006, provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and the guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India.

1.2 Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The estimates and assumptions used in the accompanying financial statements are based upon managements evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as of the date of the financial statements. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in preparing the accompanying financial statements. Any revisions to accounting estimates are recognised prospectively in future periods.

1.3 Fixed Assets

a. Fixed assets, except leasehold land, are stated at cost of acquisition or construction less accumulated depreciation. Cost includes the purchase price and all other attributable costs incurred for bringing the asset to its working condition for intended use. Leasehold land is valued at cost less amount written off.

b. Expenditure on New Projects and Expenditure during Construction :

In case of new projects, expenditure incurred including interest on borrowings and financing costs of specific loans, prior to commencement of commercial production is being capitalized to the cost of assets.

c. Capital work-in-progress comprises outstanding advances paid to acquire fixed assets under firm commitments and cost of fixed assets that are not yet installed and ready for their intended use at the balance sheet date.

d. Intangible assets are recorded at the consideration paid for acquisition.

e. Exchange Differences - See Note No. 1.7 (c) below.

1.4 Depreciation and Amortization

a. Freehold land is not depreciated.

b. Leasehold land is amortized over the period of lease.

c. Depreciation on all assets for the year has been provided on straight line method at the rates and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 from the beginning of the month in which addition is made. However, if the rate inferred by estimated useful life of the asset is higher than those of schedule XIV, then Depreciation is computed with reference to Useful life .(For change in the method of providing depreciation with respect to certain class of assets See Note No. 27). Accordingly, Depreciation on following asset classes has been provided over the estimated useful life of respective assets at the rates being higher than the rates as per Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956.

i. On certain types of Data processing machines, depreciation rates range from 20.00% p.a. to 33.33% p.a.

ii. On Pattern tooling equipments, depreciation rate is 25.00% p.a.

iii. On Electrical Installation, depreciation rate is 6.67% p.a.

iv. On Furniture & Fixture, depreciation rates range from 10.00% p.a. to 25.00% p.a.

v. On Vehicles & Aircraft, depreciation rates are 20.00% p.a. and 6.67% p.a. respectively.

d. Jigs and Fixtures, Dies and Patterns costing below Rs. 1 lac and other fixed assets costing below Rs 5,000/- are charged to revenue in the year of acquisition.

e. Intangible assets are amortised over their respective individual estimated useful lives on a straight line basis, commencing from the date the asset is available to the Company for its intended use.

f. Depreciation on additions on account of increase in rupee value due to foreign exchange fluctuations is being provided at the rates of depreciation over the future life of the said asset.

g. Depreciation on assets sold, discarded or demolished during the year is being provided at their respective rates on prorata basis upto the end of the previous month during which such assets are sold, discarded or demolished.

1.5 Investments

a. Long term investments are stated at cost less permanent diminution in value, if any.

b. Current investments mainly comprising investments in mutual funds are stated at cost, adjusted for diminution, if any.

1.6 Inventories

a. Stores and spares, raw materials and components are valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost includes all cost of purchase and incidental expenses incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is ascertained using weighted average method.

b. Work-in-process including finished components and finished goods are valued at cost or realisable value whichever is lower. Cost includes direct materials labour costs and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on the normal operating capacity. Finished goods lying in the factory premises, branches and depots are valued inclusive of excise duty

c. Materials-in-transit and materials in bonded warehouse is valued at actual cost upto the date of balance sheet.

d. Unserviceable, damaged and obsolete inventory are valued at cost or net realisable value whichever is lower.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

1.7 Foreign Currency Transactions

a. Initial Recognition

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

b. Conversion

Current assets and current liabilities, Secured Loans, being monetary items, designated in foreign currencies are revalorized at the rate prevailing on the date of Balance Sheet or forward contract rate or other appropriate rate.

c. Exchange Differences

Exchange differences arising on the settlement and conversion of foreign currency transactions are recognised as income or as expense in the year in which they arise, except in cases where they relate to the acquisition of qualifying assets, in which cases they are adjusted in the cost of the corresponding asset. Further, as per Ministry of Corporate Affairs Notification dated 31 March 2009, eligible exchange difference on foreign currency loans utilized for acquisition of assets, upto 31 March 2011, is adjusted in the cost of the asset to be depreciated over the balance life of the asset. (See Note No. 17).

d. Forward Contracts

Company uses foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge its exposure against movements in foreign exchange rates. The use of foreign exchange forward contracts are intended to reduce the risk or cost to the Company. Foreign Exchange forward contracts are not used for trading or speculation purpose. Mark to Market Losses or Gains are recognized in the Profit and Loss account subject to (c) above. However, Mark to Market Losses or Gains on instruments to hedge highly probable forecast transactions which serve as effective hedges, as determined under the Accounting Standard 30, are accumulated in the Hedge reserve until the underlying transaction occurs upon which the respective accumulated balances are recognized in the Profit and Loss account.

In respect of foreign exchange forward contracts, difference between forward contract rate and exchange rate (Spot rate) prevailing on the date of forward contract (i.e. forward premium / discount) is amortised as income or expense over the life of the contract, except in respect of liabilities for acquisition of qualifying assets, where such amortisation is adjusted in the cost of the corresponding asset.

e. Option Contracts

Company uses foreign exchange option contracts to hedge its exposure against movements in foreign exchange rates. The use of foreign exchange option contracts reduces the risk or cost to the Company. Foreign Exchange option contracts are not used for trading or speculation purpose.

Outstanding foreign exchange option contracts on the date of Balance Sheet are marked to market (MTM). MTM losses or gains if any, are recognized in the Profit and Loss account subject to (c) above. However, in respect of instruments to hedge highly probable forecast transactions which serve as effective hedges as determined under the Accounting Standard 30, the gains and losses are accumulated in the Hedge reserve until the underlying transaction occurs upon which the respective accumulated balances are recognized in the Profit and Loss account ( See Note no.25).

1.8 Employee Benefits

a. Short Term Employee Benefits:

All employee benefits payable within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term benefits. Such benefits include salaries, wages, bonus, short term compensated absences, awards, exgratia, performance pay etc. and the same are recognised in the period in which the employee renders the related service.

b. Post Employment Benefits:

i. Defined Contribution Plans:

The Companys approved superannuation schemes, state government provident fund scheme, employee state insurance scheme are defined contribution plans. The contribution paid / payable under the schemes is recognised during the period in which the employee renders the related service. The Company also makes specified monthly contributions towards employee provident fund to a Trust administered by the company. The minimum interest payable by the trust to the beneficiaries every year is being notified by the Government. The Company has an obligation to make good the shortfall, if any, between the return from the investments of the trust and the notified interest rate, which is recognized as a cost as and when determined.

ii. Defined Benefit Plans:

The employees gratuity fund scheme, long term compensated absences, pension, post retirement medical and long term service award benefit schemes are Companys defined benefit plans. The present value of the obligation under such defined benefit plans is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method as at the date of the Balance Sheet. In case of funded plans, the fair value of plan asset is reduced from the gross obligation under the defined benefit plans, to recognise the obligation on the net basis (See Note No. 18b).

iii. Termination Benefits:

Termination benefits such as compensation under voluntary retirement scheme are recognised in the year in which termination benefits become payable.

1.9 Warranty

Product warranty expenses are determined based on past experience and estimates, and are accrued in the year of sale.

1.10 Research and Development

Capital expenditure incurred on research & development is capitalized as fixed assets. Expenditure incurred on development phase, where it is reasonably certain that the outcome of development will be commercially exploited to yield future economic benefits to the Company, is considered as an intangible asset.

Revenue expenditure for carrying out the research activity is charged to the Profit and Loss Account in the year in which it is incurred.

1.11 Revenue Recognition

a. Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer, which generally coincides with their delivery to the buyer. Sales are stated net of discounts, rebates and returns.

b. Export sales are accounted on the basis of the dates of "Shipped on Board" Bill of Lading, other delivery documents as per contract.

c. Export incentives are accounted for on export of goods if the entitlements can be estimated with reasonable accuracy and conditions precedent to claim is fulfilled.

d. Income from services is recognized on completion of services as per the terms of specific contracts.

e. Income from dividend on investments is accrued in the year in which it is declared, whereby right to receive is established.

f. Profit / loss on sale of investments is recognized on the contract date.

1.12 Government Grant

Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized if the following conditions are satisfied:

- There is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to it.

- Such benefits are earned and reasonable certainty exists of the collection.

Government grants or subsidies given with reference to the total investment in an undertaking or setting up of new industrial undertaking is treated as capital receipt and credited to capital reserve. The said capital reserve will not be available for distribution of dividend nor is considered as deferred income (See Note No. 3).

1.13 Borrowing Cost

Borrowing Costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are capitalized till the month in which the asset is ready to use, as part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which these are incurred.

Borrowing costs include foreign exchange differences on the long term foreign currency loans to the extent they are attributable to interest differential on the said loans.

1.14 Income Tax

Tax expense comprises both current and deferred tax. Provision for current tax is made on the basis of the taxable profits computed for the current accounting period in accordance with Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred Tax resulting from timing differences between Book Profits and Tax Profits is accounted for, at prevailing or substantially enacted rate of tax to the extent timing differences are expected to crystalise, in case of Deferred Tax Liabilities with reasonable certainty and in case of Deferred Tax Assets with reasonable certainty that there would be adequate future taxable income against which Deferred Tax Assets can be realised However, deferred tax asset arising on account of unabsorbed depreciation and business losses are recognised only if, there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that there would be adequate future taxable income against which the same can be realised/ set off.

1.15 Earning Per Share

Earning per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year after prior period adjustment attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting preference dividends and attributable taxes, if any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

1.16 Cash Flow Statement

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferral or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

1.17 Segment Reporting

a. Identification of Segments

The Companys operating businesses are organized and managed separately according to the nature of products and services provided, with each segment representing a strategic business unit that offers different products and serves different markets.

b. Intersegment Transfers

The Company generally accounts for inter-segment sales and transfers as if the sales or transfers were to third parties at current market prices.

c. Allocation of common costs

Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment according to the sales of each segment to the total sales of the Company.

d. Unallocated items

Corporate assets and liabilities, income and expenses which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments, have been included under unallocated items.

1.18 Impairment of Assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any indication due to internal or external factors that an asset or a group of assets comprising a Cash Generating Unit (CGU) may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the assets. If such recoverable amount of the assets or the recoverable amount (economic value in use) of the CGU to which the asset belongs is less than the carrying amount of the assets or the CGU as the case may be, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the profit and loss account. If at any subsequent balance sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost and is accordingly reversed in the profit and loss account.

1.19 Provisions and Contingencies

Necessary provisions are made for the present obligations that arise out of past events prior to the Balance Sheet date entailing future outflow of economic resources. Such provisions reflect best estimates based on available information.

However, a disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources. When there is a possible obligation or a present obligation in respect of which the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

2. Honble High Court of Judicature at Bombay vide its order dated 31 July 2009 read with its order dated 19 March 2010 had approved the Scheme of Arrangement between Kirloskar Oil Engines Limited (now known as Kirloskar Industries Limited - Demerged Company) and Kirloskar Engines India Limited [now known as Kirloskar Oil Engines Limited - Resulting Company ("Company")] and their respective shareholders and creditors. The appointed date was 1 April 2009 and the Scheme has become effective from 31 March 2010. The Engines and Auto Components business of Demerged Company was transferred and vested with the Company i.e. Kirloskar Oil Engines Limited on the Scheme of Arrangement becoming effective retrospectively with effect from 01 April 2009. Consequently, the shares were allotted by Committee of Board of the Company to the shareholders of Demerged Company on 30 April 2010 in terms of the said Scheme.

3. The Companys manufacturing facility at Kagal has been granted "Mega Project Status" by Government of Maharashtra and therefore is eligible for Industrial Promotion Subsidy (IPS) under Packaged Scheme of Incentive (PSI) 2001. The company has been granted Eligibility Certificate issued by the Directorate of Industries, Government of Maharashtra in this regard. IPS consists of the following:

a. Electricity Duty exemption for the period of 9 years from the date of commencement of the project i.e. 01 April 2008, and

b. 100% exemption from payment of Stamp duty for the plots already purchased and to be purchased, and

c. VAT and CST payable to the State Government (before adjustment of Set-off) on sales made from Kagal plant, within a period of 9 years starting from 01 April 2008 to 31 March 2017.

IPS will however be restricted to 100% of the eligible fixed capital investments made from 13 April 2006 to 31 March 2013.

The Eligibility Certificate issued allows maximum Fixed Capital Investment of Rs. 598.57 crores.

The Packaged Scheme of Incentive (PSI) 2001 is for intensifying and accelerating the process of dispersal of industries to the less developed regions and promoting high tech industries in the developed areas of the State coupled with the object of generating mass employment opportunities.

Further, in terms of the Accounting Standard (AS 12) "Accounting for Government Grants" prescribed by Companies (Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2006, eligible incentive is considered to be in the nature of promoters contribution.

Therefore, incentive of Rs. 867,356,670/- for the year (P.Y. Rs. 664,201,914/-) has been credited to the Capital Reserve. Subsidy Receivable as at 31 March 2011 is Rs. 1,531,558,584/- of which Rs. 567,882,000/- has been approved for disbursal by the competent authority.


Mar 31, 2010

1.1 Basis of preparation of Financial Statements

The Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis, except where specified otherwise and in case of significant uncertainties.

GAAP comprises mandatory accounting standards prescribed by Companies (Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2006, provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and the guidelines issued by Securities and Exchange Board of India.

1.2 Use of Estimates

Estimates and Assumptions used in the preparation of the financial statements are based on managements evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as of date of the Financial Statements, which may differ from the actual results at a subsequent date.

1.3 Fixed Assets

a. Fixed assets, except leasehold land, are stated at cost of acquisition or construction less accumulated depreciation. Cost includes the purchase price and all other attributable costs incurred for bringing the asset to its working condition for intended use. Leasehold land is valued at cost less amount written off.

b. Expenditure on New Projects and Expenditure during Construction:

In case of new projects, expenditure incurred including interest on borrowings and financing costs of specific loans, prior to commencement of commercial production is being capitalized to the cost of assets.

c. Capital work-in-progress comprises outstanding advances paid to acquire fixed assets and cost of fixed assets that are not yet ready for their intended use at the balance sheet date.

d. Intangible assets are recorded at the consideration paid for acquisition.

e. Exchange Differences - see 1.7 (c) below.

1.4 Depreciation and Amortisation

a. Freehold land is not depreciated.

b. Leasehold land is amortised over the period of lease.

c. Depreciation on Electrical Installation and Aircraft has been provided on written down value basis at the rates and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 from the beginning of the month in which addition is made.

d. Depreciation on assets other than Electrical Installation and Aircraft has been provided on straight line method at the rates and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 from the beginning of the month in which addition is made. Depreciation on additions to computers, printers, scanners, Jigs and Fixtures, Dies and Patterns, Furniture and Fixture, Vehicles etc has been provided over the estimated economic life of respective assets or at the rates and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956, whichever is higher.

e. Jigs and Fixtures, Dies and Patterns costing below Rs 1 lac and other fixed assets costing below Rs 5,000/- are charged to revenue in the year of acquisition.

f. Intangible assets are amortised overtheir respective individual estimated useful lives on a straight line basis, commencing from the date the asset is available to the Company for its intended use.

g. Depreciation on additions on account of increase in rupee value due to foreign exchange fluctuations is being provided at the rates of depreciation over the future life of the said asset.

h. Depreciation on assets sold, discarded or demolished during the year is being provided at their respective rates on prorata basis upto the end of the previous month during which such assets are sold, discarded or demolished.

1.5 Investments

a. Long term investments are stated at cost less permanent diminution in value, if any.

b. Current investments mainly comprising investments in mutual funds are stated at cost, adjusted for diminution, if any.

1.6 Inventories

a. Stores and spares, raw materials and components are valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost includes all cost of purchase and incidental expenses incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is ascertained using weighted average method.

b. Work-in-process including finished components and finished goods are valued at cost or realisable value whichever is lower. Cost includes direct materials, labour costs and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on the normal operating capacity. Finished goods lying in the factory premises, branches and depots are valued inclusive of excise duty.

c. Materials-in-transit and materials in bonded warehouse is valued at actual cost upto the date of balance sheet.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

1.7 Foreign Currency Transactions

a. Initial Recognition

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

b. Conversion

Current assets and current liabilities, Secured Loans designated in foreign currencies are revalorized at the rate prevailing on the date of Balance Sheet or forward contract rate or other appropriate rate.

c. Exchange Differences

Exchange differences arising on the settlement and conversion on foreign currency transactions are recognised as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise, except in cases where they relate to the acquisition of qualifying assets, in which cases they are adjusted in the cost of the corresponding asset. Further, as per Ministry of Corporate Affairs Notification dated 31 March 2009, eligible exchange difference on foreign currency loans is adjusted in the cost of the asset to be depreciated over the balance life of the asset. (See Note No 17).

d. Forward Contracts

Company uses foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge its exposure against movements in foreign exchange rates. The use of foreign exchange forward contracts reduces the risk or cost to the Company. Foreign Exchange forward contracts are not used for trading or speculation purpose.

In respect of foreign exchange forward contracts, difference between forward contract rate and exchange rate prevailing on the date of forward contract (i.e. forward premium / discount) is amortised as income or expense over the life of the contract, except in respect of the liabilities for the acquisition of qualifying assets, where such amortisation is adjusted in the cost of the corresponding asset.

e. Option Contracts

Company uses foreign exchange option contracts to hedge its exposure against movements in foreign exchange rates. The use of foreign exchange option contracts reduces the risk or cost to the Company. Foreign Exchange option contracts are not used for trading or speculation purpose.

Outstanding foreign exchange option contracts on the date of Balance Sheet are marked to market (MTM). MTM losses, if any, at portfolio level viz. imports, exports and foreign currency loans are provided.

1.8 Employee Benefits

a. Short Term Employee Benefits:

All employee benefits payable within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term benefits. Such benefits include salaries, wages, bonus, short term compensated absences, awards, exgratia, performance pay etc. and the same are recognised in the period in which the employee renders the related service.

b. Post Employment Benefits:

i. Defined Contribution Plans:

The Companys approved superannuation schemes, state government provident fund scheme, employee state insurance scheme are defined contribution plans. The contribution paid / payable under the schemes is recognised during the period in which the employee renders the related service. The Company also makes specified monthly contributions towards employee provident fund to a Trust administered by the company. The minimum interest payable by the trust to the beneficiaries every year is being notified by the Government. The Company has an obligation to make good the shortfall, if any, between the return from the investments of the trust and the notified interest rate.

ii. Defined Benefit Plans:

The employees gratuity fund scheme, long term compensated absences, pension, post retirement medical and long term service award benefit schemes are Companys defined benefit plans. The present value of the obligation under such defined benefit plans is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method as at the date of the Balance sheet. In case of funded plans, the fair value of plan asset is reduced from the gross obligation under the defined benefit plans, to recognise the obligation on the net basis.

iii. Termination Benefits:

Termination benefits such as compensation under voluntary retirement scheme are recognised in the year in which termination benefits are paid.

1.9 Warranty

Product warranty expenses are determined based on past experience and estimates, and are accrued in the year of sale.

1.10 Research and Development

Capital expenditure incurred on research & development is capitalized as fixed assets. Expenditure incurred on development phase, where it is reasonably certain that the outcome of development will be commercially exploited to yield future economic benefits to the Company, is considered as an intangible asset.

Revenue expenditure for carrying out the research activity is charged to the Profit and Loss Account in the year in which it is incurred.

1.11 Revenue Recognition

a. Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer, which generally coincides with their delivery to customers. Sales are stated net of discounts, rebates and returns.

b. Export sales are accounted on the basis of the dates of "Shipped on Board" Bill of Lading, other delivery documents as per contract.

c. Export incentives are accounted for on export of goods if the entitlements can be estimated with reasonable accuracy and conditions precedent to claim are fulfilled.

d. Income from services is recognized on completion of services as per the terms of specific contracts.

e. Income from dividend on investments is accrued in the year in which it is declared, whereby right to receive is established.

f. Profit / loss on sale of investments is recognized on the contract date.

1.12 Government Grant

Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized if the following conditions are satisfied,

There is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to it.

Such benefits are earned and reasonable certainty exists of the collection.

Government grants or subsidies given with reference to the total investment in an undertaking or setting up of new industrial undertaking is treated as capital receipt and credited to capital reserve. The said capital reserve will not be available for distribution of dividend nor is considered as deferred income. (See Note No 3).

Government grants or subsidies relating to an expense item, is recognized as income over the periods necessary to match them on a systematic basis to the costs, which it is intended to compensate

1.13 Borrowing Cost

Borrowing Costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are capitalized till the month in which the asset is ready to use, as part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which these are incurred.

1.14 Income Tax

Tax expense comprises both current and deferred tax. Provision for current tax is made on the basis of the taxable profits computed for the current accounting period in accordance with Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred Tax resulting from timing differences between Book Profits and Tax Profits is accounted for, at prevailing or substantially enacted rate of tax to the extent timing differences are expected to crystalise, in case of Deferred Tax Liabilities with reasonable certainty and in case of Deferred Tax Assets with virtual certainty that there would be adequate future taxable income against which deferred tax assets can be realised.

1.15 Earning Per Share

Earning per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year after prior period adjustment attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting preference dividends and attributable taxes, if any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

1.16 Cash Flow Statement

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non cash nature and any deferral or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from regular operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

1.17 Segment Reporting

a. Identification of Segments

The Companys operating businesses are organized and managed separately according to the nature of products and services provided, with each segment representing a strategic business unit that offers different products and serves different markets.

b. Intersegment Transfers

The Company generally accounts for intersegment sales and transfers as if the sales or transfers were to third parties at current market prices.

c. Allocation of common costs

Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment according to the sales of each segment to the total sales of the Company.

d. Unallocated items

Corporate assets and liabilities, income and expenses which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments, have been included under unallocated items.

1.18 Impairment of Assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is any indication due to internal or external factors that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the asset. If such recoverable amount of the asset or the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs is less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and the reduction is treated as an impairment loss and is recognized in the profit and loss account. If at any subsequent balance sheet date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at recoverable amount subject to a maximum of depreciated historical cost and is accordingly reversed in the profit and loss account.

1.19 Provisions

Necessary provisions are made for the present obligations that arise out of past events prior to the Balance Sheet date entailing future outflow of economic resources. Such provisions reflect best estimates based on available information.

2. The Company was incorporated on 12 January 2009 with an object of taking over of the carrying on the business of manufacturing, trading and / or dealing in engines, engine spares, pumps, generating sets and oils used therein, bimetal bearings, bushes and bimetal strips (referred to as "the Engines and Auto Components Business" or "the Demerged Undertaking").

Under a Scheme of Arrangement sanctioned by the High Court of the Judicature of Bombay, under 391 to 394 of the Companies Act, 1956 between the Company and the erstwhile Kirloskar Oil Engines Limited and their respective shareholders and creditors, the Demerged Undertaking of the erstwhile Kirloskar Oil Engines Limited (name of which is now changed to Kirloskar Industries Limited) vested with the Company retrospectively with effect from 1 April 2009 ("the Appointed Date").

The Demerged Undertaking comprises of the business of manufacturing, trading and / or dealing in engines, engine spares, pumps, generating sets and oils used therein, bimetal bearings, bushes and bimetal strips and comprises of all the assets (whether moveable or immoveable, tangible or intangible, real or personal, present, future or contingent) and liabilities, which relate thereto or are necessary therefore, including the items specifically set out in detail in the Scheme of Arrangement.

The said scheme became effective from 31 March 2010 (the "Effective Date") upon which,

a. The Companys application for change in name to Kirloskar Oil Engines Limited is pending with Registrar of Companies, Pune, Maharashtra.

b. The business and operations of the demerged undertaking were deemed to be vested with the Company with retrospective effect from 1 April 2009. Consequently,

I. The related assets and liabilities of the Demerged Undertaking, including those specifically identified in the scheme, at the close of business on 31 March 2009 were deemed to have been transferred to the Company on 1 April 2009.

II. The business of the Demerged Undertaking was deemed to have been carried out by the erstwhile Kirloskar Oil Engines Limited, in trust for the Company upto the effective date.

c. The said transfer and vesting of the business and the assets of the undertaking was deemed to be on a going concern basis.

d. The accounting treatment of assets and liabilities is to be effected, as specified in Part V of the Scheme.

e. The original share capital of the Company stands cancelled. Formalities for issuance and allotment of fresh share capital have been completed on 30 April 2010 and all effects for the same have been given in the balance sheet.

B. As the scheme became effective only on 31 March 2010, the titles to the assets vested and arising out of business conducted, could not, where necessary be transferred as at 31 March 2010. Hence, the same are being held, in trust, by erstwhile KirloskarOil Engines Limited (Demerged Company).

3. The Companys manufacturing facility at Kagal has been granted "Mega Project Status" by Government of Maharashtra and therefore is eligible for Industrial Promotion Subsidy (IPS) under Packaged Scheme of Incentive (PSI) 2001. IPS consists of the following:

a. Electricity Duty exemption for the period of 9 years from the date of commencement of the project i.e. 1 April 2008, and

b. 100% exemption from payment of Stamp duty for the plots already purchased and to be purchased, and

c. VAT and CST payable to the State Government (before adjustment of Set-off) on sales made from Kagal plant, within a period of 9 years starting from 1 April 2008 to 31 March 2017.

IPS will however be restricted to 100% of the eligible fixed capital investments made from 13 April 2006 to 31 March 2013.

The Eligibility Certificate issued allows maximum Fixed Capital Investment of Rs 598.57 crores.

The Packaged Scheme of Incentive (PSI) 2001 is for intensifying and accelerating the process of dispersal of industries to the less developed regions and promoting high tech industries in the developed areas of the state coupled with the object of generating mass employment opportunities.

Further, in terms of the Accounting Standard (AS 12) "Accounting for Government Grants" prescribed by Companies (Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2006, eligible incentive is considered to be in the nature of promoters contribution.

Therefore incentive of Rs 664,201,914/- accrued for the year has been credited to the Capital Reserve and outstanding balance as at 31 March 2010 shown as Subsidy Receivable for setting up of new Industrial Unit is Rs 694,633,779/- (including Rs 145,993,214/- transferred and vested in the Company as per the scheme of arrangement).

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