Mar 31, 2018
1.1 Significant accounting policies
a. Current versus Non-Current classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current / non-current classification. An asset / liability is treated as current when it is:
- Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed or settled in normal operating cycle;
- Held primarily for the purpose of trading;
- Expected to be realised / settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or;
- Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period; and
- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
All other assets and liabilities are classified as non-current.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities respectively.
b. Property, Plant and Equipment
i) Tangible Assets
Under the previous GAAP (Indian GAAP), property, plant and equipment were carried in the balance sheet at cost net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any, as at 31st March, 2016. The Company has elected to regard those values of property as deemed cost at the date of the transition to Ind AS, i.e., 1st April, 2016.
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost [i.e., cost of acquisition or construction inclusive of freight, erection and commissioning charges, non-refundable duties and taxes, expenditure during construction period, borrowing costs (in case of a qualifying asset) upto the date of acquisition / installation], net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
When significant parts of property, plant and equipment (identified individually as component) are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company derecognizes the replaced part and recognizes the new part with its own associated useful life and it is depreciated accordingly. Whenever major inspection / overhaul / repair is performed, its cost is recognized in the carrying amount of respective assets as a replacement, if the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.
The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision are met.
Property, plant and equipment are eliminated from financial statements, either on disposal or when retired from active use. Losses / gains arising in case retirement / disposals of property, plant and equipment are recognized in the statement of profit and loss in the year of occurrence.
Depreciation on property, plant and equipment are provided to the extent of depreciable amount on the Straight Line Method (SLM). Depreciation is provided at the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 except on some assets, where useful life has been taken based on internal technical evaluation as given below:
Leasehold improvements are amortized over the period of the lease or the useful life of the asset, whichever is lower
The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation / amortization of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.
ii) Capital Work-in-Progress
Capital work-in-progress includes construction stores including material in transit / equipment / services, etc. received at site for use in the projects.
All revenue expenses incurred during construction period, which are exclusively attributable to acquisition / construction of fixed assets, are capitalized at the time of commissioning of such assets.
c. Intangible Assets
Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortization.
I ntangible assets with finite lives (i.e. software and licenses) are amortized over the useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and method for an intangible asset is reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Costs relating to computer software and technical know-how are capitalised and amortised on straight line method over their estimated useful economic life of six years.
d. Research & Development Costs
Research and development costs that are in nature of tangible assets and are expected to generate probable future economic benefits are capitalised as tangible assets. Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged to the statement of profit and loss in the year in which it is incurred.
e. Borrowing Costs
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalised as part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur.
f. Impairment of Non-Financial Assets
The Company assesses, at each reporting date, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the assetâs recoverable amount. An assetâs recoverable amount is the higher of an assetâs or cash-generating unitâs (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. Recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets. When the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.
Impairment losses of continuing operations, including impairment on inventories, are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
g. Inventories
Items of inventories are measured at lower of cost and net realizable value after providing for obsolescence, wherever considered necessary. Cost of inventories comprises of cost of purchase, cost of conversion and other costs including manufacturing overheads incurred in bringing them to their respective present location and condition. Finished goods are valued at cost or net realisable value whichever is lower. Cost of raw material, stores and spares, packing materials, trading and other products are determined on FIFO basis. Work-in-process is carried at cost or net realisable value whichever is lower
h. Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is being made. Revenue from operations includes sale of goods, services and excise duty, adjusted for discounts (net).
Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive payment is established.
Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the interest rate applicable.
i. Foreign Currency Transactions
The Companyâs financial statements are presented in INR, which is also its functional currency.
Foreign currency transactions are initially recorded in functional currency using the exchange rates at the date the transaction.
At each balance sheet date, foreign currency monetary items are reported using the exchange rate prevailing at the year end.
Exchange differences arising on settlement or translation of monetary items are recognised in statement of profit and loss.
Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions.
j. Taxes on Income Current tax
Current tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid / recovered to / from the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date.
Current income tax relating to items recognised directly in equity / other comprehensive income is recognised under the respective head and not in the statement of profit & loss. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.
Current tax assets are offset against current tax liabilities if, and only if, a legally enforceable right exists to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT), paid in accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961 gives rise to expected future economic benefits in the form of adjustment of future tax liability arising within a specified period, is recognised as an asset only to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. Such asset is reviewed at each balance sheet date and the carrying amount of MAT credit asset is written down to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Tax relating to items recognized directly in equity / other comprehensive income is recognized in respective head and not in the statement of profit & loss.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and is adjusted to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority. k. Employee Benefits
All employee benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of period in which the employee renders the related services are classified as short-term employee benefits. Benefits such as salaries, wages, short-term compensated absences, etc. are recognized as expense during the period in which the employee renders related service.
Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit plans are recognized as an expense when employees have rendered the service entitling them to the contribution.
The Companyâs contribution to the provident fund is remitted to provident fund authorities and are based on a fixed percentage of the eligible employeeâs salary and debited to statement of profit and loss.
Gratuity is a defined benefit obligation.
The cost of providing benefits under the defined benefit plan is determined using the projected unit credit method.
Remeasurements comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognised immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to statement of profit & loss in subsequent periods.
Past service costs are recognised in statement of profit & loss in the period of plan amendment.
Compensated absences and other benefits like gratuity which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognized as a non-current liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date.
l. Royalty
The Company pays / accrues for royalty in accordance with the relevant licence agreement with the technical know-how provider. The lump sum royalty incurred towards obtaining technical assistance / technical knowhow and engineering support to manufacture new parts, ownership of which rests with the technical knowhow provider, is recognised as an intangible asset. Royalty payable on sales of products i.e. running royalty is charged to the statement of profit and loss as and when incurred.
m. Leases
The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the transaction. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.
For arrangements entered into prior to 1st April, 2016, the Company has determined whether the arrangement contain lease on the basis of facts and circumstances existing on the date of transition.
A lease is classified at the inception date as a finance lease or an operating lease. A lease that transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the Company is classified as a finance lease.
Finance leases are capitalised at the commencement of the lease at the inception date fair value of the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are recognised in finance costs in the statement of profit and loss. Contingent rentals are recognised as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.
A leased asset is depreciated over the useful life of the asset. However, if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term, the asset is depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease term.
Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term however, rent expenses shall not be straight-lined, if escalation in rentals is in line with expected inflationary cost.
n. Provisions, Contingent liabilities and Contingent assets
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
I f the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.
Contingent liability is disclosed in the case of:
- a present obligation arising from past events, when it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation; and
- a present obligation arising from past events, when no reliable estimate is possible.
Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date.
o. Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per equity share is computed by dividing the net profit after tax attributable to the equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per equity share is computed by dividing adjusted net profit after tax by the aggregate of weighted average number of equity shares and dilutive potential equity shares during the year
p. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Appendix B to Ind AS 21, Foreign currency transactions and advance consideration: On 28th March , 2018, Ministry of Corporate Affairs (âMCAâ) has notified the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2018 containing Appendix B to Ind AS 21, Foreign currency transactions and advance consideration which clarifies the date of the transaction for the purpose of determining the exchange rate to use on initial recognition of the related asset, expense or income, when an entity has received or paid advance consideration in a foreign currency.
The amendment will come into force from 1st April, 2018. The Company is evaluating the requirement of the amendment and the impact on the financial statements. The effect on adoption of Ind AS 21 is expected to be insignificant.
Ind AS 115, Revenue from Contract with Customers: On 28th March, 2018, the MCA has notified the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amended Rules, 2018 (âamended rulesâ). As per the amended rules, Ind AS 115 âRevenue from contracts with customersâ supersedes Ind AS 11, âConstruction contractsâ and Ind AS 18, âRevenueâ and is applicable for all accounting periods commencing on or after 1st April, 2018.
Ind AS 115 introduces a new framework of five step model for the analysis of revenue transactions. The model specifies that revenue should be recognised when (or as) an entity transfer control of goods or services to a customer at the amount to which the entity expects to be entitled. Further the new standard requires enhanced disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from the entityâs contracts with customers. The new revenue standard is applicable to the Company from 1st April, 2018.
The standard permits two possible methods of transition:
- Retrospective approach - Under this approach the standard will be applied retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented in accordance with Ind AS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors; and
- Retrospectively with cumulative effect of initially applying the standard recognized at the date of initial application (Cumulative catch - up approach).
The effective date for adoption of Ind AS 115 is financial period beginning on or after 1st April, 2018. The Company is evaluating the requirement of the amendment and the impact on the financial statements. The effect on adoption of Ind AS 115 is expected to be insignificant.
q. Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalent in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand, cheques on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term deposits, as defined above.
r. Fair Value Measurement
The Company measures financial instruments such as derivatives and certain investments, at fair value at each balance sheet date.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:
- Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
- Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.
- Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.
For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the balance sheet on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period. For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.
s. Financial Instruments
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
(a) Financial assets Classification
The Company classifies financial assets as subsequently measured at amortized cost, fair value through other comprehensive income or fair value through profit or loss on the basis of its business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual cash flows characteristics of the financial asset.
Initial recognition and measurement
All financial assets are recognized initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.
Subsequent measurement
For purposes of subsequent measurement financial assets are classified in below categories:
- Financial assets carried at amortized cost
A financial asset is subsequently measured at amortized cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
- Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
A financial asset is subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. The Company has made an irrevocable election for its investments which are classified as equity instruments to present the subsequent changes in fair value in other comprehensive income based on its business model.
- Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are subsequently fair valued through profit or loss.
Derecognition
A financial asset is primarily derecognized when the rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired or the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset.
Investment in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates
The Company has accounted for its investment in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates at cost. Impairment of financial assets
The Company assesses impairment based on expected credit losses (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss, the calculation of which is based on historical data, on the financial assets that are trade receivables or contract revenue receivables and all lease receivables.
The Company follows âsimplified approachâ for recognition of impairment loss allowance on trade receivables or contract revenue receivables and all lease receivables resulting from transactions within the scope of Ind AS 17.
The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognizes impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.
For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the entity reverts to recognizing impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.
Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.
ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the group in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. When estimating the cash flows, an entity is required to consider:
- All contractual terms of the financial instrument (including prepayment, extension, call and similar options) over the expected life of the financial instrument.
- Cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms
As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on portfolio of its trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivables and is adjusted for forward-looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the forward-looking estimates are analyzed. On that basis, the Company estimates the following provision matrix at the reporting date:
ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognized during the period is recognized as income / expense in the statement of profit and loss (P&L). This amount is reflected under the head âother expensesâ in the P&L.
(b) Financial liabilities Classification
The Company classifies all financial liabilities as subsequently measured at amortized cost, except for financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss. Such liabilities, including derivatives that are liabilities, shall be subsequently measured at fair value.
Initial recognition and measurement
All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs. The Companyâs financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts and derivative financial instruments.
Subsequent measurement
The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:
- Financial liabilities at amortised cost
After initial recognition, interest bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the EIR amortization process.
Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.
- Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind AS 109. Separated embedded derivatives are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments.
Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.
Derecognition
A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.
(c) Offsetting of financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.
(d) Derivative financial instruments
The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts, interest rate swaps, full currency swaps and forward commodity contracts, to hedge its foreign currency risks, interest rate risks and commodity price risks, respectively. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognized at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.
Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivatives are taken directly to statement of profit and loss. t. Government Grants
Government grants are recognized where there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and all attached conditions will be complied with.
When the grant relates to an asset, the cost of the asset is shown at gross value and grant thereon is treated as capital grant which is recognized as income in statement of profit and loss over the period and in proportion in which depreciation is charged.
When the grant relates to an expense item, it is recognized as income on a systematic basis over the periods that the related costs, for which it is intended to compensate, are expensed.
When the Company receives grants of non-monetary assets, the asset and the grant are recorded at fair value amounts and released to profit or loss over the expected useful life in a pattern of consumption of the benefit of the underlying asset.
When loans or similar assistance are provided by governments or related institutions, with an interest rate below the current applicable market rate, the effect of this favorable interest is regarded as a government grant. The loan or assistance is initially recognized and measured at fair value and the government grant is measured as the difference between the initial carrying value of the loan and the proceeds received. The loan is subsequently measured as per the accounting policy applicable to financial liabilities.
u. Unless specifically stated to be otherwise, these policies are consistently followed.
Mar 31, 2015
I. Basis of preparation of financial statements:
These financial statements have been prepared to comply with Accounting
Principles Generally accepted in India (Indian GAAP), the Accounting
Standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules,
2014 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013. The
financial statements are prepared on accrual basis under the historical
cost convention.
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or
non-current as per the Company's normal operating cycle and other
criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based
on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of
assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash
equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12
months for the purpose of current & non-current classification of
assets and liabilities.
II. Use of estimates:
The preparation of financial statements is conformity with Indian GAAP
requires judgements, estimates and assumptions to be made that affect
the reported amount of assets and liabilities on the date of the
financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses
during the reporting period. Difference between the actual results and
estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known /
materialized.
III. Fixed Assets & Depreciation:
a) Fixed assets are stated at historical cost. Cost includes freight,
installation cost, duties, taxes and incidental expenses but net of
recoverable taxes.
b) Depreciation / amortization on tangible and intangible fixed assets
are provided to the extent of depreciable amount on the Straight Line
Method (SLM). Depreciation is provided at the rates and in the manner
prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 except on some
assets, where useful life has been taken based on internal technical
evaluation.
c) Intangible Assets are stated at cost of acquisition net of
recoverable taxes less accumulated amortization / depletion and
impairment loss, if any.
d) Technical knowhow is being amortised on pro-rata basis over a period
six years.
e) Leasehold land is amortised over the period of lease.
IV. Investment
Long Term Investments are carried at cost. Provision for diminution in
the value of long term investment is made only if such a decline is
other than temporary.
Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value.
V. Inventories
i) Finished Goods have been valued at cost or net realizable value,
whichever is lower.
ii) Raw Materials, Stores & Spares have been valued at cost on FIFO
basis, which includes purchase price, freight, duty, taxes & other
incidental expenses but net of recoverable taxes.
iii) Work-in-process is carried at cost or net realizable value
whichever is lower.
VI. Revenue Recognition
i) Sales are recognised upon delivery of products and are recorded
inclusive of excise duty but net of rebates, discounts and sales tax.
ii) Job work receipts are recorded net of service tax.
VII. Excise Duty / Service Tax and Sales Tax / Value Added Tax
Excise Duty / Service Tax is accounted on the basis of both, payments
made in respect of goods cleared / service provided as also provision
made for goods lying in bonded warehouses. Sales Tax / Value Added tax
paid is charged to Profit and Loss Account.
VIII. Provision for Current and Deferred Tax
Provision for current tax is made after taking into consideration
benefits admissible under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Deferred tax resulting from "timing difference" between taxable and
accounting income is accounted for using
the tax rates and laws that are enacted or substantively enacted as on
the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax asset is recognised and carried
forward only to the extent that there is a virtual certainty that the
asset will be realised in future.
IX. Foreign Currency Transactions
i) Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are recorded at the
exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction or the rate
which approximates the actual rate at the date of the transaction.
ii) Monetary items denominated in foreign currencies at the year end
are restated at year end rates. In case of items which are covered by
forward contracts, the difference between the year end rate and rate on
the date of the contract is recognised as exchange difference and the
premium paid on forward contracts is recognised over the life of the
contract.
iii) Any income or expense on account of exchange difference either on
settlement or on translation is recognized in the profit and loss
account.
X. Impairment of Assets
At each balance sheet date, the Company assesses whether there is any
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication
exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount. If the carrying
amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount, an impairment loss
is recognized in the profit and loss account to the extent the carrying
amount exceeds recoverable amount.
XI. Employee Benefits
i) Short-term employee benefits are recognised as an expense at the
undiscounted amount in the profit and loss account of the year in which
the related service is rendered.
ii) Long-term employee benefits: Liability towards Gratuity and
unavailed leaves has been provided on the basis of actuarial valuation.
XII. Leases
Assets leased by the Company in the capacity of the lessee, where the
Company has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are
classified as finance lease. Such leases are capitalized at the
inception of the lease at lower of the fair value or the present value
of the minimum lease payments and a liability is created for an
equivalent amounts. Each lease rental paid is allocated between the
liability and the interest cost so as to obtain a constant periodic
rate of interest on the outstanding liability for each year.
Lease arrangement where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership
of an asset substantially vest with the lessor, are recognised as
operating lease. Lease rentals under operating lease are recognized in
profit & loss account in straight line basis.
XIII. Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs attributable to the acquisition, construction or
production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take
a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or
sale, are added to the cost of those assets until such time the assets
are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. Investment
income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings
pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the
borrowing costs eligible for capitalization.
XIV. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities & Contingent Assets
A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as
a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which reliable
estimate can be made. Provisions [excluding retirement benefit] are not
discounted to its present value and are determined based on best
estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date.
These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect
the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are not recognized
in the financial statements. A contingent asset is neither recognized
nor disclosed in the financial statements.
XV. Measurement of EBITDA
The Company has elected to present earnings before interest, tax,
depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) as a separate line item on the
face of the statement of profit and loss. In its measurement, the
Company does not include depreciation and amortization expense, finance
costs and tax expense.
XVI. Unless specifically stated to be otherwise, these policies are
consistently followed.
Mar 31, 2014
BASIS OF PREPARATION:
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the
generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical
cost convention on accrual basis. These financial statements have been
prepared to comply in all material aspects with the accounting
standards notified under Section 211(3C) [(Companies (Accounting
Standards) Rule ,2006 ,as amended ] and the other relevant provisions
of the Companies Act,1956.
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or
non-current as per the company''s normal operating cycle and other
criteria set out in the Revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956.
Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of
assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash
equivalents ,the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12
months for the purpose of current- non current classification of assets
and liabilities.
1. USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements requires estimates and
assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and
liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported
amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference
between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the period
in which the results are known/ materialised.
2. FIXED ASSETS & DEPRECIATION
i) Fixed assets are stated at historical cost. Cost includes freight,
installation cost, duties, taxes and incidental expenses but net of
recoverable taxes.
ii) Depreciation is charged on Straight Line Method at the rates
prescribed Under Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.
iii) Technical knowhow is being amortised on pro-rata basis over a
period six years.
iv) Leasehold land is amortised over the period of lease.
3. INVESTMENT
Long Term Investments are carried at Cost. Provision for diminution in
the value of long term investment is made only if such a decline is
other than temporary.
Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value.
4. INVENTORIES
i) Finished Goods have been valued at cost or net realizable value
whichever is lower. Cost is arrived at on direct costing method.
ii) Raw Materials, Stores & Spares have been valued at Cost on FIFO
basis, which include purchase price, freight, duty, taxes & other
incidental expenses but net of recoverable taxes.
iii) Work-in-process is carried at cost or net realizable value
whichever is lower.
5. REVENUE RECOGNITION
i) Sales are recognised upon delivery of products and are recorded
inclusive of excise duty but net of rebates, discounts and sales tax.
ii) Job work receipts are recorded net of Service Tax.
6. EXCISE DUTY / SERVICE TAX AND SALES TAX / VALUE ADDED TAX
Excise Duty / Service Tax is accounted on the basis of both, payments
made in respect of goods cleared / service provided as also provision
made for goods lying in bonded warehouses. Sales Tax / Value Added tax
paid is charged to Profit and Loss Account.
7. PROVISION FOR CURRENT AND DEFERRED TAX
Provision for current tax is made after taking into consideration
benefits admissible under the provisions of the Income- tax Act, 1961.
Deferred tax resulting from "timing difference" between taxable and
accounting income is accounted for using the tax rates and laws that
are enacted or substantively enacted as on the balance sheet date.
Deferred tax asset is recognised and carried forward only to the extent
that there is a virtual certainty that the asset will be realised in
future.
8. FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
i) Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are recorded at the
exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction or that
approximates the actual rate at the date of the transaction.
ii) Monetary items denominated in foreign currencies at the year-end
are restated at year end rates. In case of items which are covered by
forward exchange contracts, the difference between the year-end rate
and rate on the date of the contract is recognised as exchange
difference and the premium paid on forward contracts is recognised over
the life of the contract.
9. IMPAIREMENT OF ASSETS
At each balance sheet date, the Company assesses whether there is any
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication
exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount. If the carrying
amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount, an impairment loss
is recognized in the profit and loss account to the extent the carrying
amount exceeds recoverable amount.
10. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
(i) Short-term employee benefits are recognised as an expense at the
undiscounted amount in the profit and loss account of the year in which
the related service is rendered.
(ii) Post employment and other long term employee benefits are
recognised as an expense in the Profit and Loss account for the year in
which the employee has rendered services. The expense is recognised at
the present value of the amounts payable determined using actuarial
valuation techniques. Actuarial gains and losses in respect of
post-employment and other long term benefits are charged to the Profit
and Loss account.
11. LEASES
Assets leased by the company in the capacity of the lessee ,where the
company has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are
classified as finance lease. Such leases are capitalized at the
inception of the lease at lower of the fair value or the present value
of the minimum lease payments and a liability is created for an
equivalent amounts. Each lease rental paid is allocated between the
liability and the interest cost so as to obtain a constant periodic
rate of interest on the outstanding liability for each year.
Lease arrangement where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership
of an asset substantially vest with the lessor, are recognised as
operating lease. Lease rentals under operating lease are recognized in
Profit & Loss Account in straight line basis.
12. BORROWING COST
Borrowing costs attributable to the acquisition, construction or
production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take
a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or
sale, are added to the cost of those assets until such time the assets
are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. Investment
income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings
pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the
borrowing costs eligible for Capitalization.
13. PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT, LIABILITIES & CONTINGENT ASSETS
A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as
a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which reliable
estimate can be made. Provisions [excluding retirement benefit] are not
discounted to its present value and are determined based on best
estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date.
These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect
the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are not recognized
in the financial statements. A contingent assets is neither recognized
nor disclosed in the financial statements.
14. Measurement of EBITDA
As permitted by the Guidance Note on the Revised Schedule VI to the
Companies Act, 1956, the company has elected to present earnings before
interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) as a separate
line item on the face of the statement of profit and loss. In its
measurement, the company does not include depreciation and amortization
expense, finance costs and tax expense.
Mar 31, 2013
1. SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING
i) The Company follows mercantile system of accounting and recognise
income and expenditures on accrual basis, except stated below.
ii) The Financial Statements are prepared on historical Cost
Convention, in accordance with the generally accepted accounting
principles in India and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act,
1956.
iii) Estimates and Assumptions used in the preparation of the financial
statements and disclosures are based upon management''s evaluation of
the relevant facts and circumstances as of date of the financial
statements, which may differ from the actual results at a subsequent
date.
2. FIXED ASSESTS & DEPRECIATION
i) Fixed assets are stated at historical cost. Cost includes freight,
installation cost, duties, taxes and incidental expenses but net of
Excise Duty (CENVAT).
ii) Depreciation is charged on Straight Line Method at the rate
prescribed Under Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.
iii) Technical knowhow is being amortised on pro-rata basis over period
of six years.
iv) Leasehold land is amortised over the period of lease.
3. INVESTMENT
Long Term Investments are carried at Cost after providing for
diminution in value, if any, if it is of a permanent nature.
Current investments in Mutual Fund Units are carried at Cost.
4. INVENTORIES
i) Finished Goods have been valued at cost or net realizable value
whichever is lower and Cost is arrived at on direct costing method.
That is the manufacturing cost i.e. the value of raw material consumed
divided by the Quantity of Raw Material consumed plus manufacturing
expenses divided by Quantity of Finished goods manufactured. Finished
goods lying in the factory premises are valued inclusive of excise
duty.
ii) Raw Materials, Stores & Spares have been valued at Cost on FIFO
basis, which included purchase price, freight, duty, taxes & other
incidental expenses but net of excise duty (CENVAT).
iii) Wastage has been valued at net realizable value.
5. REVENUE RECOGNITION
i) Sales in the domestic market are recognised at the time of dispatch
of goods to the buyers and are recorded net of sales return, rebates,
trade discounts, sales tax and excise duty.
ii) Export sales are recognised on issue of bill of lading and recorded
at the relevant exchange rates prevailing on the date of the
transaction.
iii) Job work receipts are recorded net of Service Tax.
6. EXCISE DUTY / SERVICE TAX AND SALES TAX / VALUE ADDED TAX
Excise Duty / Service Tax is accounted on the basis of both, payments
made in respect of goods cleared / service provided as also provision
made for goods lying in bonded warehouses. Sales Tax / Value Added tax
paid is charged to Profit and Loss Account.
7. TAXES ON INCOME
i) Tax on income for the current year is determined on the basis of
Income Tax Act, 1961.
ii) Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of
prudence in respect of deferred tax assets and expenses, on timing
difference, being the difference between taxable incomes and accounting
income that originate in one period and capable of reversal in one or
more subsequent periods.
8. FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
i) Foreign Currency transactions are re-stated at the rates prevailing
at the time of receipt/payment thereof and all exchange losses/ gain
arising therefrom are adjusted to the respective accounts. However,
Foreign Currency transactions, payments for which were not received /
made till the balance sheet date, are recorded in the books at the rate
of exchange prevailing on the date of such transactions and any
exchange difference is being recorded as profit or loss from change in
Foreign Exchange Rates in profit & loss account.
ii) Monetary assets and liabilities related to foreign currency
transactions remaining unsettled are translated at the year end rates
and the exchange differences are recorded as unrealized foreign
exchange gain/loss in profit & loss account.
9. IMPAIREMENT OF ASSETS
At each balance sheet date, the Company assesses whether there is any
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication
exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount. If the carrying
amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount, an impairment loss
is recognized in the profit and loss account to the extent the carrying
amount exceeds recoverable amount.
10. RETIREMENT BENEFIT COSTS
Gratuity Liability and provision for Leave Encashment benefits are
accounted for as per Accounting Standard 15 (Re- vised).The expenses
are recognised at the actuarially determined value by an actuary.
11. ADJUSTMENT PERTAINING TO EARLIER YEARS
Income / Expenditure relating to prior period, which are not material
in each case, are treated as income / expenditure of current year.
12. Debit / Credit balances of various parties are subject to
confirmation / reconciliation.
13. LEASES
Assets leased by the company in the capacity of the lessee ,where the
company has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are
classified as finance lease. Such leases are capitalized at the
inception of the lease at lower of the fair value or the present value
of the minimum lease payments and a liability is created for an
equivalent amount. Each lease rental paid is allocated between the
liability and the interest cost so as to obtain a constant periodic
rate of interest on the outstanding liability for each year.
Lease arrangement where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership
of an asset substantially vest with the lessor, are rec- ognised as
operating lease. Lease rentals under operating lease are recognized in
Profit & Loss Account on straight line basis.
14. BORROWING COST
Borrowing Costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction
or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily
take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use
or sale, are added to the cost of those assets until such time the
assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale.
Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific
borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted
from the borrow- ing costs eligible for Capitalization.
15. PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES & CONTINGENT ASSETS
A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as
a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which reliable
estimate can be made. Provisions [excluding retirement benefit are not
discounted to its present value and are determined based on best
estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date.
These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect
the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are not recognized
in the financial statements. A contingent asset is neither recognized
nor disclosed in the financial statements.
Mar 31, 2012
1. BASIS OF ACCOUNTING
I) The Company follows mercantile system of accounting and recognizes
Income and expenditures on accrual basis, except stated below. The
accounts are prepared on historical Cost convention, In accordance with
the generally accepted accounting principles, accounting standards
Issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, as
applicable, and the relevant provisions of The CompaniesAct, 1956.
II) Insurance, Sales Tax, Export Incentives and other claims are
accounted for as and when received.
2. FIXED ASSETS & DEPRECIATION
I) Fixed assists are stated at historical cost. Cost Includes freight,
Installation cost, duties, taxes and Incidental expense but net of
Excise Duty (CENVAT).
il) Depreciation Is charged on Straight Line Method at the rate
prescribed Under Schedule XIV ofthe CompaniesAct, 1956.
ili) Technical know how is being amortised on pro-rata basis over
period of Six years.
3. INVESTMENTS
Long Term investments are carried at Cost after providing for
diminution in value, if any, If It is of a permanent nature. Current
Investments in Mutual Fund Units are carried at Cost.
4. INVENTORIES
I) Finished Goods have been valued at cost or net realizable value
whichever Is lower and Cost Is arrived at on direct costing method.
That Is, the manufacturing Cost, I.e., the value of raw Material
consumed divided by the Quantity of Raw Material consumed plus
manufacturing expenses divided by Quantity of Finished goods
manufactured.
il) Raw Materials, Stores & Spares have been valued at Cost on FIFO
basis, which includes purchase price, freights, duty, taxes & other
Incidental expenses but net of excise duty (CENVAT)
iii) Wastage has been valued at net realizable value.
5. REVENUE RECOGNITION
i) Sales in the domestic market are recognised at the time of dispatch
of goods to the buyers and are recorded net of sales return, rebates,
trade discounts, sales tax and excise duty.
ii) Export sales are recognised on issue of bill of lading.
iii) Job work receipts are recorded net of Service tax.
6. Excise DUTY/Service Tax and Sales Tax/Value Added Tax
Excise Duty/Service Tax is accounted on the basis of both, payments
mode in respect of goods Cleared/services provided as also provision
made for goods lying in bonded warehouses. Sales Tax/Value added tax
paid is charged to Profit and Loss account.
7. TAXES ON INCOME
i) Tax on income forthe currentyear is determined on the basis ofthe
Income TaxAct, 1961.
ii) Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of
prudence in respect of deferred tax assets and expenses, on timing
difference, being the difference between taxable incomes and accounting
income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one
or more subsequent periods.
8. FOREIGN CURRENCYTRANSACTIONS
I) Foreign Currency transactions are re-stated at the rates prevailing
at the time of receipt/payment thereof and all exchanges losses /gain
arising there from are adjusted to the respective accounts. However
Foreign Currency transactions, payment for which were not received/made
till the balance sheet date, are recorded in the books at the rate of
exchanges prevailing on the date of such transactions and any exchange
difference is being recorded as profit or loss from change in Foreign
Exchange Rates in profit loss account.
ii) Monetary assets and liabilities related to foreign currency
transactions remaining unsettled are translated at year end rates and
the exchange differences are recorded as unrealized foreign exchange
gain/loss in profit & loss account.
9. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
At each balance sheet date, the Company assesses whether there is any
indication that an asset may be impaired. It any such indication
exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount. If the carrying
amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount, an impairment loss
is recognized in the profit and loss account to the extent the carrying
amount exceeds recoverable amount.
10. RETIREMENT BENEFIT COSTS
Gratuity Liability is accounted for as per Accounting Standard -15 (R).
Provision for Leave Encashment benefit has been made in accordance with
the Accounting Standard -15 (R) Employee Benefit.
11. DEFERRED REVENUE EXPENDITURE
I) Pre-Operative expenses are being written offovera period of
Sixyears.
ii) Shares issue expenses are being written off equally over a period
of Five years.
12. ADJUSTMENTS PERTAINING TO EARLIER YEARS
Income/Expenditure relating to prior period, which are not material in
each case, are treated as income/expenditure of current year.
13. Debit/Credit balances of various parties are subject to
confirmation/ reconciliation.
14. Leases
Assets leased by the company in the capacity of the lessee, where the
company has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are
classified as finance lease. Such leases are capitalized at the
inception of the lease at lower of the fair value or the present value
of the minimum lease payments and a liability is created for an
equivalent amount. Each lease rental paid is allocated between the
liability and the interest cost so as to obtain a constant periodic
rate of interest on the outstanding liability for each year.
Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership
of an asset substantially vest with the lessor, are recognized as
operating lease. Lease rentals under operating lease are recognized in
Profit & Loss Account on a straight line basis.
15. Borrowing Cost
Borrowing Costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction
or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily
take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use
or sale, are added to the cost of those assets. Until such time as the
assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale.
Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific
borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted
from the borrowing costs eligible for Capitalization.
16. Provisions, Contingent, Liabilities & Contingent Assets
A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as
a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which reliable
estimate can be made. Provisions [excluding retirement benefit) are not
discounted to its present value and are determined based on best
estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date.
These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjust to reflect the
current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are not recognized in
the financial statements. A contingent asset is neither recognized nor
disclosed in the financial statements.
The policies not specifically mentioned above are in agreement with the
Accounting Standards issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants
of India.
Mar 31, 2011
1. BASIS OF ACCOUNTING
i) The Company follows mercantile system of accounting and recognizes
income and expenditures on accrual basis, except stated below. The
accounts are prepared on historical cost convention, In accordance with
the generally accepted accounting principles, accounting standards
issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, as
applicable, and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.
ii) Insurance, Sales Tax, Export Incentives and other Claims are
accounted for as and when received
2. FIXED ASSETS & DEPRECIATION
i) Fixed Assets are stated at historical cost. Cost includes freight,
installation cost, duties, taxes, and incidental expenses but net of
Excise duty (CENVAT).
ii) Depreciation is charged on Straight Line Method at the rate
prescribed under Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.
iii) Technical know how is being amortised on pro-rata basis over a
period of Six years.
3. INVESTMENTS
Long Term investments are carried at cost after providing for
diminution in value, if any, if it is of a permanent nature. Current
investments in Mutual Fund Units are carried at cost.
4. INVENTORIES
i) Finished Goods have been valued at cost or net realizable value
whichever is lower and cost is arrived at on direct costing method.
That is, the manufacturing cost, i.e., the value of Raw Material
consumed, divided by the Quantity of Raw Material consumed Plus
manufacturing expenses divided by the Quantity of Finished goods
manufactured.
ii) Raw Materials, Stores & Spares have been valued at cost on FIFO
basis, which includes purchase price, freights, duties, taxes & other
incidental expenses but net of excise duty (CENVAT).
iii) Wastage has been valued at net realizable value.
5. REVENUE RECOGNITION
i) Sales in the domestic market are recognised at the time of dispatch
of goods to the buyers and are recorded net of sales return, rebates,
trade discounts, sales tax and excise duty.
ii) Export sales are recognised on issue of bill of lading.
iii) Job work receipts are recorded net of Service tax.
iv) Dividend is recognised as and when the right to receive such
payment is established.
6. TAXES ON INCOME
i) Tax on income for the current year is determined on the basis of the
Income Tax Act, 1961.
ii) Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of
prudence in respect of deferred tax assets and expenses, on timing
difference, being the difference between taxable incomes and accounting
income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one
or more subsequent periods.
7. FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
i) Foreign Currency transactions are re-stated at the rates prevailing
at the time of receipt/payment thereof and all exchanges losses /gain
arising there from are adjusted to the respective accounts. However
Foreign Currency transactions, payment for which were not received/made
till the balance sheet date, are recorded in the books at the rate of
exchanges prevailing on the date of such transactions and any exchange
difference is being recoded as profit or loss from change in Foreign
Exchange Rates in profit & loss account.
ii) Monetary assets and liabilities related to foreign currency
transactions remaining unsettled are translated at year end rates and
the exchange differences are recorded as unrealized foreign exchange
gain/loss in profit & loss account.
8. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
At each balance sheet date, the Company assesses whether there is any
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication
exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount. If the carrying
amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount, an impairment loss
is recognized in the profit and loss account to the extent the carrying
amount exceeds recoverable amount.
9. RETIREMENT BENEFIT COSTS
Gratuity liability is accounted for on accrual basis based on the
actual liability calculated as per the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 as
at the Balance Sheet date. Provision for Leave Encashment benefit has
been made in accordance with the Accounting Standard - 15 "Employee
Benefit".
10. DEFERRED REVENUE EXPENDITURE
i) Pre-Operative expenses are being written off over a period of Six
years.
ii) Shares issue expenses are being written off equally over a period
of Five Years.
11. ADJUSTMENTS PERTAINING TO EARLIER YEARS
Income/expenditure relating to prior period, which are not material in
each case, are treated as income/expenditure of current year.
12. Debit/Credit balances of various parties are subject to
confirmation/ reconciliation.
13. Leases.
Assets leased by the company in the capacity of the lessee, where the
company has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are
classified as finance lease. Such leases are capitalized at the
inception of the lease at lower of the fair value or the present value
of the minimum lease payments and a liability is created for an
equivalent amount. Each lease rental paid is allocated between the
liability and the interest cost so as to obtain a constant periodic
rate of interest on the outstanding liability for each year.
Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership
of an asset substantially vest with the lessor, are recognized as
operating lease. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognized in
Profit & Loss Account on a straight line basis.
14. Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction
or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily
take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use
or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the
assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale.
Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific
borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted
from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalization.
15. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets.
A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as
a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which reliable
estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefit) are not
discounted to its present value and are determined based on best
estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date.
These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjust to reflect the
current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are not recognized in
the financial statements. A contingent asset is neither recognized nor
disclosed in the financial statements.
The policies not specifically mentioned above are in agreement with the
Accounting Standards issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants
of India.
Mar 31, 2010
1. BASIS OF ACCOUNTING
i) The Company follows mercantile system of accounting and recognizes
income and expenditures on accrual basis, except stated below. The
accounts are prepared on historical cost convention, In accordance with
the generally accepted accounting principles, accounting standards
issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, as
applicable, and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.
iii) Insurance, Sales Tax, Export Incentives and other Claims are
accounted for as and when received
2. FIXED ASSETS & DEPRECIATION
i) Fixed Assets are stated at historical cost. Cost includes freight,
installation cost, duties, taxes, and incidental expenses but net of
Excise duty (CENVAT).
ii) Depreciation is charged on Straight Line Method at the rate
prescribed under Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.
iii) Technical know how is being amortised on pro-rata basis over a
period of Six years.
3. INVESTMENTS
Long Term investments are carried at cost after providing for
diminution in value, if any, if it is of a permanent nature. Current
investments in Mutual Fund Units are carried at cost.
4. INVENTORIES
i) Finished Goods have been valued at cost or net realizable value
whichever is lower and cost is arrived at on direct costing method.
That is, the manufacturing cost, i.e., the value of Raw Material
consumed, divided by the Quantity of Raw Material consumed Plus
manufacturing expenses divided by the Quantity of Finished goods
manufactured.
ii) Raw Materials, Stores & Spares have been valued at cost on FIFO
basis, which includes purchase price, freights, duties, taxes & other
incidental expenses but net of excise duty (CENVAT).
iii) Wastage has been valued at net realizable value.
5. REVENUE RECOGNITION
i) Sales in the domestic market are recognised at the time of dispatch
of goods to the buyers and are recorded net of sales return, rebates,
trade discounts, sales tax and excise duty.
ii) Export sales are recognised on issue of bill of lading.
iii) Job work receipts are recorded net of Service tax.
iv) Dividend is recognised as and when the right to receive such
payment is established.
6. TAXES ON INCOME
i.) Tax on income for the current year is determined on the basis of
the Income Tax Act, 1961.
iii) Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of
prudence in respect of deferred tax assets and expenses, on timing
difference, being the difference between taxable incomes and accounting
income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one
or more subsequent periods.
7. FOREIGN CURRENCYTRANSACTIONS
i) Foreign Currency transactions are re-stated at the rates prevailing
at the time of receipt/payment thereof and all exchanges losses /gain
arising there from are adjusted to the respective accounts. However
Foreign Currency transactions, payment for which were not received/made
till the balance sheet date, are recorded in the books at the rate of
exchanges prevailing on the date of such transactions and any exchange
difference is being recoded as profit or loss from change in Foreign
Exchange Rates in profit & loss account.
ii) Monetary assets and liabilities related to foreign currency
transactions remaining unsettled are translated at year end rates and
the exchange differences are recorded as unrealized foreign exchange
gain/loss in profit & loss account.
8. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
At each balance sheet date, the Company assesses whether there is any
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication
exists, the Company estimates the recoverable amount. If the carrying
amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount, an impairment loss
is recognized in the profit and loss account to the extent the carrying
amount exceeds recoverable amount.
9. RETIREMENT BENEFIT COSTS
Gratuity liability is accounted for on accrual basis based on the
actual liability calculated as per the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 as
at the Balance Sheet date. Provision for Leave Encashment benefit has
been made in accordance with the Accounting Standard - 15 "Employee
Benefit".
10. DEFERRED REVENUE EXPENDITURE
i) Pre-Operative expenses are being written off over a period of Six
years.
ii) Shares issue expenses are being written off equally over a period
of Five Years.
11. ADJUSTMENTS PERTAINING TO EARLIER YEARS
Income/expenditure relating to prior period, which are not material in
each case, are treated as income/expenditure of current year.
12 Debit/Credit balances of various parties are subject to
confirmation/ reconciliation.
13. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
Contingent Liabilities as defined in Accounting Standard 29 on
Provision, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets are disclosed
by way of notes to accounts. A provision is recognised when it is
probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the
obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. These
are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the
current best estimates.
The policies not specifically mentioned above are in agreement with the
Accounting Standards issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants
of India.