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Accounting Policies of Rallis India Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2023

1. Corporate Information

Rallis India Limited (the ''''Company'''') is a public limited company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act applicable in India. The Company''s shares are listed on National Stock Exchange and Bombay Stock Exchange. It has been engaged primarily in the business of manufacture and marketing of Agri Inputs. The Company has its manufacturing facilities in India and sells both in India and across the globe. The Company''s registered office is at 23rd Floor, Vios Tower, New Cuffe Parade, off Eastern Freeway, Wadala, Mumbai 400037.

Tata Chemicals Limited ("Tata Chemicals") owns 50.06% of the Company''s equity share capital as at March 31,2023.

The financial statements for the year ended March 31,2023 were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on April 25, 2023.

During the previous year, PT Metahelix received a certificate for cancellation of its Tax Identification Number and consequentially ceased to be a subsidiary of the Company with effect from March 23, 2022.

2. Recent pronouncements

Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") notifies new standard or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. On March 31, 2023, MCA amended the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 by issuing the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2023, applicable from April 1,2023, as below:

Ind AS 1 - Presentation of Financial Statements

The amendments require companies to disclose their material accounting policies rather than their significant accounting policies. Accounting policy information, together with other information, is material when it can reasonably be expected to influence decisions of primary users of general purpose financial statements. The Company does not expect this amendment to have any significant impact in its financial statements.

Ind AS 12 - Income Taxes

The amendments clarify how companies account for deferred tax on transactions such as leases and

decommissioning obligations. The amendments narrowed the scope of the recognition exemption in paragraphs 15 and 24 of Ind AS 12 (recognition exemption) so that it no longer applies to transactions that, on initial recognition, give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences. The Company is evaluating the impact, if any, in its financial statements.

Ind AS 8 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors

The amendments will help entities to distinguish between accounting policies and accounting estimates. The definition of a change in accounting estimates has been replaced with a definition of accounting estimates. Under the new definition, accounting estimates are "monetary amounts in financial statements that are subject to measurement uncertainty". Entities develop accounting estimates if accounting policies require items in financial statements to be measured in a way that involves measurement uncertainty. The Company does not expect this amendment to have any significant impact in its financial statements.

3. Significant accounting policies

3.1 Statement of compliance

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) as per the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 notified under Section 133 of Companies Act, 2013, (the ''Act'') and other relevant provisions of the Act.

3.2 Basis of preparation and measurement

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period. Historical cost is based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services.

Current/ Non-current classification

The Company classifies an asset as current asset when:

â¢ i t expects to realise the asset, or intends to sell or consume it, in its normal operating cycle;

â¢ it holds the asset primarily for the purpose of trading;

â¢ i t expects to realise the asset within twelve months after the reporting period; or

â¢ the asset is cash or a cash equivalent unless the asset is restricted from being exchanged or used

â¢ To settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

All other assets are classified as non-current.

Liability is classified as current when

â¢ It expect to settle the liability in its normal operating

cycle;

â¢ It holds the liability primarily for the purpose of trading;

â¢ The liability is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period; or

â¢ It does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. Terms of a liability that could, at the option of the counterparty, result in its settlement by the issue of equity instruments do not affect its classification

All other liabilities are classified as non-current.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents. The Company''s normal operating cycle is twelve months.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant''s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

â¢ Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

â¢ Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

â¢ Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

3.3 Functional and presentation currency

The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (INR), which is also the Company''s functional currency. All amounts have been rounded-off to the nearest '' lakhs, unless otherwise indicated.

3.4 Foreign currency translation

On initial recognition, all foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction. As at the reporting date, foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on the Balance Sheet date and the exchange gains or losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

3.5 Property plant and equipment (PPE)

(a) Recognition and measurement

The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment shall be recognised as an asset if, and only if it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.

On adoption of Ind AS, the Company retained the carrying value for all of its property, plant and equipment as recognised in the financial statements as at the date of transition to Ind ASs, measured as per the previous GAAP and used that as its deemed cost as permitted by Ind AS 101 ''First-time Adoption of Indian Accounting Standards''.

PPE including capital work-in-progress are initially recognised at cost. The initial cost of PPE comprises its purchase price, including non-refundable duties and taxes net of any trade discounts and rebates, any directly attributable cost of bringing the item to its working condition for its intended use and estimated costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located.

The cost of PPE includes interest on borrowings (borrowing cost) directly attributable to acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets. Subsequent to initial recognition, PPE are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation (other than freehold land, which are stated at cost) and impairment losses, if any.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

The residual values, useful life and depreciation method are reviewed at each financial year-end to ensure that the amount, method and period of depreciation are consistent with previous estimates and the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits embodied in the items of property, plant and equipment.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in profit or loss. Fully depreciated assets still in use are retained in the financial statements.

(b) Depreciation

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost of assets (other than freehold land and capital work in progress) less their residual values over the useful lives, using the straightline method ("SLM"). Management believes based on a technical evaluation (which is based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support, etc.) that the useful lives of the assets reflect the periods over which these assets are expected to be used, which are as follows:

Type/Category of Asset	Useful Lives (in years) - as per Companies Act, 2013	Useful Lives (in years) -as estimated by the Company
Buildings including factory buildings	3-60	3-60
General Plant and Machinery	8	1-36
Electrical Installations and Equipments	10	2-32
Furniture and Fixtures	10	3-28
Office Equipments	5	2-13
Vehicles	8	8-13
Computer and Data Processing Units	3-6	1-10
Laboratory Equipments	10	1-19
Leasehold improvements	NA	shorter of lease period or above estimated useful life

The carrying values of property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

Useful lives are reviewed at annually reporting date and adjusted if appropriate. Based on technical evaluation and consequent advice, the management believes that

its estimates of useful lives as given above best represent the period over which management expects to use these assets.

Depreciation on additions/ (disposals) is provided on pro rata basis i.e. from/ (upto) the date on which assets is ready for use/ (disposed of).

(c) Gain or Loss on Disposal

Any gain or loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

3.6 Investment Property

(a) Recognition and Measurement

Land or building held to earn rentals or for capital appreciation or both rather than for use in the production or supply of goods or services or for administrative purposes; or sale in the ordinary course of business is recognised as Investment Property. Land held for undetermined future use is also recognised as Investment Property.

An investment property is measured initially at its cost. The cost of an investment property comprises its purchase price and any directly attributable expenditure. After initial recognition, the Company carries the investment property at the cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment, if any.

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.

Transfers to (or from) investment property are made only when there is a change in use. Transfers between investment property, owner-occupied property and inventories do not change the carrying amount of the property transferred and they do not change the cost of that property for measurement or disclosure purposes.

The residual value and the useful life of an asset is reviewed at least at each financial year-end and, if expectations differ from previous estimates, the change(s) is accounted for as a change in an accounting estimate in accordance with Ind AS 8 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors.

I nvestment property is derecognised either when it has been disposed of or when it is permanently withdrawn from use and no future economic benefit is expected from its disposal. Any gain or loss on disposal of investment property (calculated as the difference between the net proceeds from disposal and the carrying amount of the item) is recognised in profit or loss.

(b) Depreciation

After initial recognition, the Company measures all of its investment property in accordance with Ind AS 16 -Property, Plant and Equipment requirements for cost model. The depreciable amount of an item of investment property is allocated on a systematic basis over its useful life. The Company provides depreciation on the straight line method.The Company believes that straight line method reflects the pattern in which the asset''s future economic benefits are expected to be consumed by the Company. Based on internal technical evaluation, the management believes useful lives of the assets are appropriate. The depreciation method is reviewed at least at each financial year-end and, if there has been a significant change in the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits embodied in the asset, the method is changed to reflect the changed pattern. Such a change is accounted for as a change in an accounting estimate in accordance with Ind AS 8 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors.

The depreciation charge for each period is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

The estimated useful lives for the current and comparative periods are as follows:

Type/Category of Asset	Useful Lives (in years) - as per Companies Act, 2013	Useful Lives (in years) -as estimated by the Company
Buildings including factory buildings	60	60

(c) Fair Value

Fair value of investment property is based on a valuation by an independent valuer who holds a recognised and relevant professional qualification and has recent experience in the location and category of the investment property being valued. The fair value of investment property is disclosed in the Note 5.

(d) Gain or Loss on Disposal

Any gain or loss on disposal of an Investment Property is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

3.7 Other intangible assets

Other intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Research and development:

Expenditure on research activities is recognised in profit or loss as incurred.

Development expenditure is capitalised as part of the cost of the resulting intangible asset only if the expenditure can be measured reliably, the product or process is technically and commercially feasible, future economic benefits are probable and the Company intends to and has sufficient resources to complete development and to use or sell the asset. Otherwise, it is recognised in profit or loss as incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, development expenditure is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure, including expenditure on internally generated goodwill and brands, is recognised in profit or loss as incurred.

An intangible asset is derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses on derecognition are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in profit or loss within other gains/ (losses).

The Company amortises intangible assets with a finite useful life using the straight-line method over the following range of useful lives:

Type/Category of Asset	Useful Lives (in
	years) -as estimated
	by the Company
Product registrations	4
Technical Know how	3
Licenses and commercial rights	4
Computer software	2-9

The estimated useful life is reviewed annually by the management.

Goodwill

Goodwill arising on amalgamation of a business is carried at cost as established at the date of acquisition of the business less accumulated impairment losses, if any. For the purposes of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. A cash-generating unit to which goodwill has been allocated is tested for impairment annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that the unit may be impaired. If the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro rata based on the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Any impairment loss for goodwill is recognised directly in profit or loss. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in subsequent periods. On disposal of the relevant cashgenerating unit, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the determination of the profit or loss on disposal.

3.8 Leases

As a lessee

The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified assets, the Company assesses whether: (i) the contact involves the use of an identified asset (ii) the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the lease and (iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset.

As a lessee, the Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the

underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.

The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use assets are determined on the same basis as those of property and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company''s incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate.

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise the fixed payments, including insubstance fixed payments;

The Company determines its incremental borrowing rate by obtaining interest rates from various external financing sources and makes certain adjustments to reflect the terms of the lease and type of the asset leased.

The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

The Company has used number of practical expedients when applying Ind AS 116: - Short-term leases, leases of low-value assets and single discount rate.

The Company has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognises the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straightline basis over the lease term. The Company applied a single discount rate to a portfolio of leases of similar assets in similar economic environment with a similar end date.

The Company''s leases mainly comprise land and buildings and Plant and equipment. The Company leases land and buildings for warehouse facilities. The Company also has leases for equipment.

3.9 Non-current assets held for sale

Non-current assets and disposal Company are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when the asset (or disposal Company) is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such asset (or disposal Company) and its sale is highly probable. Management must be committed to the sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification.

When the Company is committed to a sale plan involving disposal of an investment, the investment that will be disposed of is classified as held for sale when the criteria described above are met.

Non-current assets (and disposal Company) classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.

3.10 Capital work-in-progress and intangible assets under development

Capital work-in-progress/intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost, less impairment losses if any.

3.11 Non-derivative financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial assets and liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value measured on initial recognition of financial asset or financial liability.

Cash and cash equivalents

equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.

Financial assets at amortised cost

Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

Financial assets are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows that give rise on specified dates to solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding and by selling financial assets.

The Company has made an irrevocable election to present subsequent changes in the fair value of equity investments not held for trading in Other Comprehensive Income.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

Financial assets are measured at fair value through profit or loss unless it is measured at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income on initial recognition. The transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are immediately recognised in profit or loss.

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Equity instruments

An equity instrument is a contract that evidences residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments recognised by the Company are measured at the proceeds received net of direct issue cost.

Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in financial statements if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

3.12 Investments in subsidiaries

A subsidiary is an entity that is controlled by the Company.

The Company accounts for the investments in equity shares of subsidiaries at cost in accordance with Ind AS 27-Separate Financial Statements.

3.13 Derivative financial instruments

In the ordinary course of business, the Company uses certain derivative financial instruments to reduce business risks which arise from its exposure to foreign exchange associated with imports and exports (cash flow hedges).

When the Company opts to undertake hedge accounting, the Company documents, at the inception of the hedging transaction, the economic relationship between hedging instruments and hedged items including whether the hedging instrument is expected to offset changes in Cash Flows or fair values of hedged items. The Company documents its undertaking various hedge transactions at the inception of each hedge relationship.

Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date the derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period. The accounting for subsequent changes in fair value depends on whether the derivative is designated as a hedging instrument, and if so, the nature of the item being hedged and the type of hedge relationship designated.

Cash flow hedges that qualify for hedge accounting The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, is recognised through OCI and as cash flow hedging reserve within equity, limited to the cumulative change in fair value of the hedged item on a present value basis from the inception of the hedge. The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Amounts accumulated in

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

3.16 Revenue from contracts with customers

Revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods.

3.16.1 Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised at the point in time when control is transferred to the customer which is usually on dispatch / delivery.

Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for volume discounts, rebates, scheme allowances, price concessions, incentives, and returns, if any, as specified in the contracts with the customers. Revenue excludes taxes collected from customers on behalf of the government. Accruals for discounts/ incentives and returns are estimated (using the most likely method) based on accumulated experience and underlying schemes and agreements with customers. Due to the short nature of credit period given to customers, there is no financing component in the contract.

For contracts that permit the customer to return an item, revenue is recognised to the extent that it is highly probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not occur.

Therefore, the amount of revenue recognised is adjusted for expected returns. In these circumstances, a refund liability and a right to recover returned goods asset are recognised.

The right to recover returned goods asset is measured at the former carrying amount of the inventory. The refund liability is included in other current liabilities and the right to recover returned goods is included in current assets.

equity are reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss on settlement. When the hedged forecast transaction results in the recognition of a non-financial asset, the amounts accumulated in equity with respect to gain or loss relating to the effective portion of the spot component of forward contracts, both the deferred hedging gains and losses and the deferred aligned forward points are included within the initial cost of the asset. The deferred amounts are ultimately recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as the hedged item affects profit or loss.

When a hedging instrument expires, is sold or terminated, or when a hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, then hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively and any cumulative deferred gain or loss and deferred costs of hedging in equity at that time remains in equity until the forecast transaction occurs.

When the forecast transaction is no longer expected to occur, the cumulative gain or loss and deferred costs of hedging that were reported in equity are immediately transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

3.14 Impairment

Financial assets (other than at fair value)

The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortised cost and FVTOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.

For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables.

PPE and intangibles assets

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets with finite life are evaluated for recoverability whenever there is any indication that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount (i.e. higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the cash generating unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or CGU) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or CGU) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. Such a reversal is made only to the extent that the asset''s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognised.

All Technological Knowhow project falling under Intangible Assets under Development for more than 5 years will be fully provided and written off.

3.15 Inventories

I nventories are measured at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all production or conversion costs and other costs incurred in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including relevant taxes and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads.

In the case of raw materials and stock-in-trade, cost comprises of cost of purchase. In the case of work-inprogress and finished goods and work in progress, cost includes an appropriate share of production overheads based on normal operating capacity.

For seeds, remnant/substandard stocks are not valued and are accounted as revenue in the year of sale of such stock. Cost associated with hybrid seed production in leased land for which produce is yet to be received will be accounted as work-in-progress.

Raw materials, components and other supplies held for use in the production of finished products are not written down below cost except in cases when a decline in the price of materials indicates that the cost of the finished products shall exceed the net realisable value.

The comparison of cost and net realisable value is made on an item-by-Item basis.

The Company had adopted Ind AS 115 using the cumulative effect method whereby the effect of applying this standard is recognized at the date of initial application (i.e. April 1, 2018). Impact on adoption of Ind AS 115 was not material.

3.16.2 Rendering of services

I ncome recognition for services takes place as and when the services are performed in accordance with IND AS 115.

3.16.3 Interest Income

I nterest income from financial assets is recognised when it is probable that economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial assets to that asset''s net carrying amount on initial recognition.

3.16.4 Dividend

Dividend income from investments is recognised when the shareholder''s right to receive payment has been established (provided that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably).

3.16.5 Insurance claims

I nsurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

3.17 Government Grants

Government grants and subsidies are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants / subsidy will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire capital assets are presented by deducting them from the carrying value of the assets. The grant is recognized as income over the life of a depreciable asset by

way of a reduced depreciation charge. Export benefits are accounted for in the year of exports based on eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.

Government grants in the nature of promoters'' contribution like investment subsidy, where no repayment is ordinarily expected in respect thereof, are treated as capital reserve. Government grants in the form of non-monetary assets, given at a concessional rate, are recorded on the basis of their acquisition cost. In case the non-monetary asset is given free of cost, the grant is recorded at a nominal value.

Other government grants and subsidies are recognised as income over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are intended to compensate, on a systematic basis.

3.18 Employee benefit expenses

Employee benefits consist of contribution to provident fund, superannuation fund, gratuity fund, compensated absences, supplemental pay and director pension liability.

3.18.1.1 Post-employment benefit plans Defined Contribution plans

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit scheme for eligible employees in the form of superannuation fund are charged as an expense as they fall due. Such benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company does not carry any further obligations, apart from the contributions made.

Defined benefit plans

The Company operates various defined benefit plans- gratuity fund, supplemental pay and ex-director pension liability.

of the Employees'' Provident Fund Scheme, 1952 for the reason that the return on investment is less or for any other reason, then the deficiency shall be made good by the Company. Having regard to the assets of the fund and the return on the investments, the Company does not expect any deficiency as at the year end.

The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of its defined benefit plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by actuaries using the projected unit credit method.

The present value of the said obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows, using market yields of government bonds that have tenure approximating the tenures of the related liability.

The interest income / (expense) are calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The net interest income / (expense) on the net defined benefit liability or asset is recognised in the Statement of Profit and loss.

Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the Statement of Changes in Equity and in the Balance Sheet.

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in profit or loss as past service cost.

3.18.2 Short term employee benefit

Where there are restrictions on availment of encashment of such accrued benefit or where the availment or encashment is otherwise not expected to wholly occur in the next twelve months, the liability on account of the benefit is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method.

3.19 Borrowing cost

Borrowing costs are interest and ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings. General and specific borrowing costs attributable to acquisition and construction of any qualifying asset (one that takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its designated use or sale) are capitalised until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale, and included as part of the cost of that asset. Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation. All the other borrowing costs are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss within Finance costs of the period in which they are incurred.

3.20 Segment reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, in deciding how to allocate resources and assessing performance. The Company''s chief operating decision maker is the Managing Director & CEO of the Company.

Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis have been included under "unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities".

3.21 Income tax

I ncome tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during

the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

On March 30, 2019, MCA had issued amendment regarding the income tax Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments. The notification clarifies the recognition and measurement requirements when there is uncertainty over income tax treatments. In assessing the uncertainty, an entity shall consider whether it is probable that a taxation authority will accept the uncertain tax treatment. This notification is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after April 1, 2019. As per the Company''s assessment, there are no material income tax uncertainties over income tax treatments.

Current tax

Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Current tax comprises the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year and any adjustment to the tax payable or receivable in respect of previous years. The amount of current tax payable or receivable is the best estimate of the tax amount expected to be paid or received that reflects uncertainty related to income taxes, if any. It is measured using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.

Temporary differences in relation to a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for a specific lease are regarded as a net package (the lease) for the purpose of recognising deferred tax.

Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that either future taxable profits or reversal of deferred tax liabilities will be available, against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.

The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset shall be reviewed at the end of each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilised.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred tax asset is realised or the deferred tax liability is settled.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority.

3.22 Accounting of Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

Provisions are recognised, when there is a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, where it is probable that there will be outflow of resources to settle the obligation and when a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Where a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows. Where the effect is material, the provision is discounted to net present value using an appropriate current market-based pre-tax discount rate and the unwinding of the discount is included in finance costs.

or where any present obligation cannot be measured in terms of future outflow of resources, or where a reliable estimate of the obligation cannot be made. Obligations are assessed on an ongoing basis and only those having a largely probable outflow of resources are provided for.

Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date

Contingent assets are not disclosed in the financial statements unless an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

3.23 Dividend to Equity shareholders

Dividend to equity shareholders is recognised as a liability and deducted from Shareholders'' Equity, in the period in which the dividends are approved by the equity shareholders in the general meeting.

3.24 Earnings per share (EPS)

Basic EPS is computed by dividing the Profit or loss attributable to the equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of Ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS is computed by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to the ordinary equity shareholders and the weighted average number of ordinary equity shares, for the effects of all dilutive potential Ordinary shares.

3.25 Business combinations

Business combinations arising from transfers or interests in entities that are under the control of the shareholders that controls the Company are accounted for as if the acquisition had occurred at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented or, if later, at the date that common control was established; for this purpose comparatives are revised, The assets and liabilities acquired are recognised at their carrying amounts. The identity of the reserves is preserved and they appear in the financial statements of the Company in the same form in which they appeared in the financial statements of the acquired entity.

The difference, if any, between the net assets acquired and cancellation of share capital of the acquired entity is transferred to other equity.

3 A. Critical accounting judgments and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with the Ind AS requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and disclosures as at date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of the revenues and expenses for the years presented. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

(i) Critical Judgments

In the process of applying the Company''s accounting policies, management has made the following judgments, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements:

Discount rate used to determine the carrying amount of the Company''s employee defined benefit obligation

In determining the appropriate discount rate for plans operated in India, the management considers the interest rates of government bonds in currencies consistent with the currencies of the post-employment benefit obligation.

Contingences and commitments

In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigations and other claims against the Company. Where the potential liabilities have a low probability of crystallising or are very difficult to quantify reliably, we treat them as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not provided for in the financial statements. Although there can be no assurance regarding the

final outcome of the legal proceedings, we do not expect them to have a materially adverse impact on our financial position or profitability.

(ii) Key sources of estimation uncertainty

The key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below:

Useful lives of property, plant and equipment

As described in Note 3.5, the Company reviews the estimated useful lives and residual values of property, plant and equipment at the end of each reporting period. During the current financial year, the management has reassessed the useful lives of certain property, plant and equipment and the impact of the change is not material for the year. There were no changes in residual values of the property, plant and equipment.

Allowances for doubtful debts

The Company makes allowances for doubtful debts based on an assessment of the recoverability of trade and other receivables. The identification of doubtful debts requires use of judgments and estimates. Where the expectation is different from the original estimate, such difference will impact the carrying value of the trade and other receivables and doubtful debts expenses in the period in which such estimate has been changed.

Allowances for inventories

Management reviews the inventory age listing on a periodic basis. This review involves comparison of the carrying value of the aged inventory items with the respective net realizable value. The purpose is to ascertain whether an allowance is required to be made in the financial statements for any obsolete and slow-moving items. Management is satisfied that adequate allowance for obsolete and slow-moving inventories has been made in the financial statements.

Liability for sales return

Mar 31, 2022

1. Corporate Information

Rallis India Limited (the ''''Company'''') is a public limited company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act applicable in India. The Company''s shares are listed on National Stock Exchange and Bombay Stock Exchange. It has been engaged primarily in the business of manufacture and marketing of Agri Inputs. The Company has its manufacturing facilities in India and sells both in India and across the globe. The Company''s registered office is at 23rd Floor Lodha Excelus, New Cuffe Parade Off Eastern Freeway Wadala Mumbai 400037.

Tata Chemicals Limited ("Tata Chemicals") owns 50.06% of the Company''s equity share capital as at March 31,2022.

The standalone financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2022 were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on April 21,2022.

During the previous year, erstwhile subsidiary of the company (Rallis Chemistry Exports Ltd) received approval for removal of its name from the register of companies w.e.f. March 29, 2021 and stands dissolved with effect from the said date.

PT Metahelix Lifesciences Indonesia (erstwhile subsidiary of the Company) had received approval for cancellation of its Company Registration Number and revocation of its business license in March 2021. Further, on March 23, 2022, PT Metahelix received a certificate for cancellation of its Tax Identification Number and consequentially ceased to be a subsidiary of the Company effective the said date.

2. Recent pronouncements

Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. On March 23, 2022, MCA amended the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2022, applicable from April 1,2022, as below:

Ind AS 103 - Reference to Conceptual Framework

The amendments specify that to qualify for recognition as part of applying the acquisition method, the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed must meet the definitions of assets and liabilities in the Conceptual

Framework for Financial Reporting under Indian Accounting Standards (Conceptual Framework) issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India at the acquisition date. These changes do not significantly change the requirements of Ind AS 103. The Company does not expect the amendment to have any significant impact in its financial statements.

Ind AS 16 - Proceeds before intended use

The amendments mainly prohibit an entity from deducting from the cost of property, plant and equipment amounts received from selling items produced while the company is preparing the asset for its intended use. Instead, an entity will recognise such sales proceeds and related cost in profit or loss. The Company does not expect the amendments to have any impact in its recognition of its property, plant and equipment in its financial statements.

Ind AS 37 - Onerous Contracts - Costs of Fulfilling a Contract

The amendments specify that the ''cost of fulfilling'' a contract comprises the ''costs that relate directly to the contract''. Costs that relate directly to a contract can either be incremental costs of fulfilling that contract (examples would be direct labour, materials) or an allocation of other costs that relate directly to fulfilling contracts. The amendment is essentially a clarification and the Company does not expect the amendment to have any significant impact in its financial statements.

Ind AS 109 - Annual Improvements to Ind AS (2021)

The amendment clarifies which fees an entity includes when it applies the ''10 percent'' test of Ind AS 109 in assessing whether to derecognise a financial liability. The Company does not expect the amendment to have any significant impact in its financial statements.

Ind AS 106 - Annual Improvements to Ind AS (2021)

The amendments remove the illustration of the reimbursement of leasehold improvements by the lessor in order to resolve any potential confusion regarding the treatment of lease incentives that might arise because of how lease incentives were described in that illustration. The Company does not expect the amendment to have any significant impact in its financial statements.

3. Significant accounting policies

3.1 Statement of compliance

The Standalone financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) as per the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 notified under Section 133 of Companies Act, 2013, (the ''Act'') and other relevant provisions of the Act.

3.2 Basis of preparation and measurement

The Standalone financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period. Historical cost is based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the Standalone financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

â¢ Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

â¢ Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the

lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

â¢ Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the

lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

3.3 Functional and presentation currency

The Standalone financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (INR), which is also the Company''s functional currency. All amounts have been rounded-off to the nearest '' lakhs, unless otherwise indicated.

3.4 Foreign currency translation

3.5 Property plant and equipment (PPE)

(a) Recognition and measurement

On adoption of Ind AS , the Company retained the carrying value for all of its property, plant and equipment as recognised in the standalone financial statements as at the date of transition to Ind ASs, measured as per the previous GAAP and used that as its deemed cost as permitted by Ind AS 101 ''First-time Adoption of Indian Accounting Standards''.

PPE are initially recognised at cost. The initial cost of PPE comprises its purchase price, including non-refundable duties and taxes net of any trade discounts and rebates. The cost of PPE includes interest on borrowings (borrowing cost) directly attributable to acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets. Subsequent to initial recognition, PPE are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation (other than freehold land, which are stated at cost) and impairment losses, if any.

the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

(b) Depreciation

Depreciation is recognised so as to write offthe cost of assets (other than freehold land and capital work in progress) less their residual values over the useful lives, using the straightline method ("SLM"). Management believes based on a technical evaluation (which is based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support, etc.) that the useful lives of the assets reflect the periods over which these assets are expected to be used, which are as follows:

Type/Category of Asset	Useful Lives (in years)-as per Companies Act, 2013	Useful Lives (in years)-as estimated by the Company
Buildings including	3-60	3-60
factory buildings
General Plant and	8	1-36
Machinery

Type/Category of Asset	Useful Lives (in years)-as per Companies Act, 2013	Useful Lives (in years)-as estimated by the Company
Electrical Installations and Equipments	10	2-32
Furniture and lixluies	10	3-28
Office Iquipments	5	2 13
Vehicles	8	8 13
Computer and Data Processing Units	3-6	1-10
Laboratory Equipments	10	1-19
Leasehold improvements	NA	shorter of lease period or above estimated useful life

The carrying values of property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

(c) Gain or Loss on Disposal

Any gain or loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

3.6 Investment Property

(a) Recognition and Measurement

(b) Depreciation

After initial recognition, the Company measures all of its investment property in accordance with Ind AS 16 - Property, Plant and Equipment requirements for cost model. The depreciable amount of an item of investment property is allocated on a systematic basis over its useful life. The Company provides depreciation on the straight line method. The Company believes that straight line method reflects the pattern in which the asset''s future economic benefits are expected to be consumed by the Company. Based on internal technical evaluation, the management believes useful lives of the assets are appropriate. The depreciation method is reviewed at least at each financial year-end and, if there has been a significant change in the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits embodied in the asset, the method is changed to reflect the changed pattern. Such a change is accounted for as a change in an accounting estimate in accordance with Ind AS 8 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors.

The depreciation charge for each period is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

The estimated useful lives for the current and comparative periods are as follows:

valued. The fair value of investment property is disclosed in the Note 5.

(d) Gain or Loss on Disposal

Any gain or loss on disposal of an Investment Property is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

3.7 Other Intangible Assets

Other intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The Company amortises intangible assets with a finite useful life using the straight-line method over the following range of useful lives:

Type/Category of Asset	Useful Lives (in years) -as estimated by the Company
Product registrations	4
Technical Know how	3
Licenses and commercial rights	4
Computer software	2-9
The estimated useful life is reviewed annually by the management.

Type/Category of	Useful Lives	Useful Lives
Asset	(in years)	(in years)
	- as per	-as estimated
	Companies Act,	by the
	2013	Company
Buildings including factory buildings	60	60

(c) Fair Value

Goodwill

carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro rata based on the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Any impairment loss for goodwill is recognised directly in profit or loss. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in subsequent periods. On disposal of the relevant cashgenerating unit, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the determination of the profit or loss on disposal.

3.8 Leases

The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether: (i) the contact involves the use of an identified asset (ii) the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the lease and (iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset.

As a lessee, the Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease

or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company''s incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate.

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise the fixed payments, including insubstance fixed payments;

The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

The Company has used number of practical expedients when applying Ind AS 116: - Short-term leases, leases of low-value assets and single discount rate.

The Company''s leases mainly comprise land and buildings and Plant and equipment. The Company leases land and buildings for warehouse facilities. The Company also has leases for equipment.

3.9 Non-current Assets held for sale

Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when the asset (or disposal group) is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such asset (or disposal group) and its sale is highly probable. Management must be committed to the sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification.

When the Company is committed to a sale plan involving disposal of an investment, the investment that will be disposed of is classified as held for sale when the criteria described above are met.

Non-current assets (and disposal groups) classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.

3.10 Capital Work-in-progress and Intangible Assets under development

Capital work-in-progress/intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost, less impairment losses if any.

3.11 Non-derivative Financial Instruments

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid financial instruments, which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash that are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value and having original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase, to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.

Financial assets at amortised cost

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

Financial assets are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is achieved by both

collecting contractual cash flows that give rise on specified dates to solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding and by selling financial assets.

The Company has made an irrevocable election to present subsequent changes in the fair value of equity investments not held for trading in Other Comprehensive Income.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Equity instruments

Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in standalone financial statements if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

3.12 Investments in Subsidiaries

A subsidiary is an entity that is controlled by the Company. The Company accounts for the investments in equity shares of subsidiaries at cost in accordance with Ind AS 27-Separate Financial Statements.

3.13 Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company enters into certain derivative contracts to hedge risks which are not designated as hedges.

3.15 Inventories

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

3.16 Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods.

3.16.1 Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised at the point in time when control is transferred to the customer which is usually on dispatch / delivery.

Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for volume discounts, rebates, scheme allowances, price concessions, incentives, and returns, if any, as specified in the contracts with the customers. Revenue excludes taxes collected from customers on behalf of the government. Accruals for discounts/incentives and returns are estimated (using the most likely method) based on accumulated experience and underlying schemes and agreements with customers. Due to the short nature of credit period given to customers, there is no financing component in the contract.

The Company has adopted Ind AS 115 Revenue from contracts with customers, with effect from April 1,

Such contracts are accounted for at fair value through profit or loss and are included in other gains/ (losses).

3.14 Impairment

Financial assets (other than at fair value)

PPE and intangibles assets

All Technological Knowhow project falling under Intangible Assets under Development for more than 5 years will be fully provided and written off.

2018. Ind AS 115 establishes principles for reporting information about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows arising from the contracts with its customers and replaces Ind AS 18 Revenue and Ind AS 11 Construction Contracts.

The Company had adopted Ind AS 115 using the cumulative effect method whereby the effect of applying this standard is recognised at the date of initial application (i.e. April 1, 2018). Impact on adoption of Ind AS 115 was not material.

3.16.2 Rendering of services

I ncome recognition for services takes place as and when the services are performed in accordance with IND AS 115.

3.16.3 Interest Income

3.16.4 Dividend

3.16.5 Insurance claims

I nsurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

3.17 Government Grants

Government grants and subsidies are recognized when

there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply

with the conditions attached to them and the grants /

subsidy will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire capital assets are presented by deducting them from the carrying value of the assets. The grant is recognized as income over the life of a depreciable asset by way of a reduced depreciation charge. Export benefits are accounted for in the year of exports based on eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.

Other government grants and subsidies are recognised as income over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are intended to compensate, on a systematic basis.

3.18 Research and development expenses

Research expenditure is charged to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are also charged to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss unless a product''s technical feasibility has been established, in which case such expenditure is capitalised. Tangible assets used in research and development are capitalised.

3.19 Employee benefit expenses

Employee benefits consist of contribution to provident fund, superannuation fund, gratuity fund, compensated absences, supplemental pay and director pension liability.

3.19.1 Post-employment benefit plans Defined Contribution plans

Defined benefit plans

The Company operates various defined benefit plans- gratuity fund, supplemental pay and director pension liability.

The Company also makes contribution towards provident fund, in substance a defined contribution retirement benefit plan. The provident fund is administered by the Trustees of the Rallis India Limited Provident Fund. The rules of the Company''s provident fund administered by the Trust, require that if the Board of Trustees are unable to pay interest at the rate declared by the Employees'' Provident Fund by the Government under para 60 of the Employees'' Provident Fund Scheme, 1952 for the reason that the return on investment is less or for any other reason, then the deficiency shall be made good by the Company. Having regard to the assets of the fund and the return on the investments, the Company does not expect any deficiency as at the year end.

Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the Standalone Statement of Changes in Equity and in the Standalone Balance Sheet.

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in profit or loss as past service cost.

3.19.2 Short term employee benefit

Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried to future periods but are expected to be encashed or availed in twelve months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses during the year in which the employees perform the services that the benefit covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted amount of the benefits after deducting amounts already paid. Where there are restrictions on availment of encashment of such accrued benefit or where the availment or encashment is otherwise not expected to wholly occur in the next twelve months, the liability on account of the benefit is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method.

3.20 Borrowing cost

3.21 Segment reporting

Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on

the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis have been included under "unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities".

3.22 Income tax

I ncome tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

On March 30, 2019, MCA has issued amendment regarding the income tax Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments. The notification clarifies the recognition and measurement requirements when there is uncertainty over income tax treatments. In assessing the uncertainty, an entity shall consider whether it is probable that a taxation authority will accept the uncertain tax treatment. This notification is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after April 1, 2019. As per the Company''s assessment, there are no material income tax uncertainties over income tax treatments.

Current tax

Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognised for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects

neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.

3.23 Accounting of Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

Contingent liabilities are recognised only when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, due to occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events, not wholly within the control of the Company, or where any present obligation cannot be measured in terms of future outflow of resources, or where a reliable estimate of the obligation cannot be made. Obligations are assessed on an ongoing basis and only those having a largely probable outflow of resources are provided for.

Contingent assets are not disclosed in the standalone financial statements unless an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

3.24 Dividend to Equity shareholders

3.25 Earnings per share (EPS)

3.26 Business combinations

Business combinations arising from transfers or interests in entities that are under the control of the shareholders that controls the Company are accounted for as if the acquisition had occurred at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented or, if later, at the date that common control was established; for this purpose comparatives are revised, The assets and liabilities acquired are recognised at their carrying amounts. The identity of the reserves is preserved and they appear in the standalone financial statements of the Company in the same form in which they appeared in the standalone financial statements of the acquired entity. The difference, if any, between the net assets acquired and cancellation of share capital of the acquired entity is transferred to other equity.

3 A. Critical accounting judgments and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the standalone financial statements in conformity with the Ind AS requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and disclosures as at date of the standalone financial statements and the reported amounts of the revenues and expenses for the years presented. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered

to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions.

(i) Critical Judgments

Discount rate used to determine the carrying amount of the Company''s employee defined benefit obligation

Contingences and commitments

In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigations and other claims against the Company. Where the potential liabilities have a low probability of crystallising or are very difficult to quantify reliably, we treat them as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not provided for in the standalone financial statements. Although there can be no assurance regarding the final outcome of the legal proceedings, we do not expect them to have a materially adverse impact on our financial position or profitability.

(ii) Key sources of estimation uncertainty

Useful lives of property, plant and equipment

Allowances for doubtful debts

Allowances for inventories

Management reviews the inventory age listing on a periodic basis. This review involves comparison of the carrying value of the aged inventory items with the respective net realizable value. The purpose is to ascertain whether an allowance is required to be made in the standalone financial statements for any obsolete and slow-moving items. Management is satisfied that adequate allowance for obsolete and slow-moving inventories has been made in the standalone financial statements.

Liability for sales return

I n making judgment for liability for sales return, the management considered the detailed criteria for the recognition of revenue from the sale of goods set out in Ind AS 115 and in particular, whether the Company had transferred to the buyer the significant risk and rewards of ownership of the goods. Following the detailed quantification of the Company''s liability towards sales return, the management is satisfied that significant risk and rewards have been transferred and that recognition of the revenue in the current year is appropriate, in conjunction with the recognition of an appropriate liability for sales return.

Accruals for estimated product returns, which are based on historical experience of actual sales returns and adjustment on account of current market scenario is considered by Company to be reliable estimate of future sales returns.

Employee benefit obligations

Employee benefit obligations are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments. These include the estimation of the appropriate discount rate, future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, the employee benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.

Provisions and contingencies

From time to time, the Company is subject to legal proceedings, the ultimate outcome of each being subject to uncertainties inherent in litigation. A provision for litigation is made when it is considered probable that a payment will be made and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgement is required when evaluating the provision including, the probability of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of potential loss. Litigation provisions are reviewed at each accounting period and revisions made for the changes in facts and circumstances. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the notes forming part of the standalone financial statements. Contingent assets are not disclosed in the standalone financial statements unless an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

Impairment of investment in subsidiaries and goodwill

The Company reviews its carrying value of investment in subsidiaries and goodwill carried at cost (net of impairment, if any) annually, or more frequently when there is indication for impairment. If the recoverable amount is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is accounted for in the standalone statement of profit and loss.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities

Significant management judgment is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits.

The amount of total deferred tax assets could change if management estimates of projected future taxable income or if tax regulations undergo a change.

Impairment of Financial assets (other than at fair value)

The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortised cost and debt instruments carried at FVTOCI. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. In respect of trade receivables the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 - Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised upon initial recognition of the receivables. For all other financial assets, expected credit losses are measured at an amount equal to the 12-months expected credit losses or at an amount equal to the life time expected credit losses if the credit risk on the financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition.

Impairment of PPE, CWIP and intangible assets

The carrying values of assets / cash generating units (''CGU'') at each balance sheet date are reviewed to determine whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets / CGU is estimated and in case the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount, an impairment loss is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. The recoverable amount is the higher of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. Assessment is also done at each balance sheet date as to whether there is indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in prior accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, consequent to which such reversal of impairment loss is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Impairment of Inventories

I nventories are valued at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, taxes and duties. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

Goodwill impairment

Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis and whenever there is an indication that the recoverable amount of a cash generating unit is less than its carrying amount based on a number of factors including operating results, business plans, future cash flows and economic conditions. The recoverable amount of cash generating units is determined based on higher of value-in-use and fair value less cost to sell. The goodwill impairment test is performed at the level of the cash-generating unit or groups of cash-generating units which are benefitting from the synergies of the acquisitio

Mar 31, 2019

1. Significant accounting policies

1.1 Statement of compliance

2.2 Basis of preparation and measurement

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the Standalone sinancial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

- Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

- Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

- Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

3.3 Functional and presentation currency

The Standalone financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (INR), which is also the Company''s functional currency. All amounts have been rounded-off to the nearest Rs. lakhs, unless otherwise indicated.

3.4 Foreign currency translation

3.5 Property plant and equipment (PPE)

(a) Recognition and measurement

Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets. However, when there is no reasonable certainty that ownership will be obtained by the end of the lease term, assets are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and useful lives.

(b) Depreciation

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost of assets (other than freehold land and capital work in progress) less their residual values over the useful lives, using the straight- line method ("SLM"). Management believes based on a technical evaluation (which is based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support, etc.) that the useful lives of the assets reflect the periods over which these assets are expected to be used, which are as follows:

The carrying values of property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

(c) Gain or Loss on Disposal

Any gain or loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

3.6 Investment Property

(a) Recognition and Measurement

(b) Depreciation

After initial recognition, the Company measures all of its investment property in accordance with Ind AS 16 - Property, Plant and Equipment requirements for cost model. The depreciable amount of an item of investment property is allocated on a systematic basis over its useful life. The Company provides depreciation on the straight line method. The Company believes that straight line method reflects the pattern in which the asset''s future economic benefits are expected to be consumed by the Company. Based on internal technical evaluation, the management believes useful lives of the assets are appropriate. The depreciation method is reviewed at least at each financial year-end and, if there has been a significant change in the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits embodied in the asset, the method is changed to reflect the changed pattern. Such a change is accounted for as a change in an accounting estimate in accordance with Ind AS 8 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors.

The depreciation charge for each period is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

The estimated useful lives for the current and comparative periods are as follows:

(c) Fair Value

(d) Gain or Loss on Disposal

Any gain or loss on disposal of an Investment Property is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

3.7 Other intangible assets

Other intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The Company amortises intangible assets with a finite useful life using the straight-line method over the following range of useful lives:

The estimated useful life is reviewed annually by the management.

3.8 Capital work-in-progress and intangible assets under development

Capital work-in-progress/intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost.

3.9 Non-derivative financial instruments

Cash and cash equivalents

Financial assets at amortised cost Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

The Company has made an irrevocable election to present subsequent changes in the fair value of equity investments not held for trading in Other Comprehensive Income.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) Financial assets are measured at fair value through profit or loss unless it is measured at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income on initial recognition. The transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are immediately recognised in profit or loss.

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Equity instruments

Offsetting of financial instruments

3.10 Investments in subsidiaries

A subsidiary is an entity that is controlled by the Company.

The Company accounts for the investments in equity shares of subsidiaries at cost in accordance with Ind AS 27- Separate Financial Statements.

3.11 Derivative financial instruments

The Company enters into certain derivative contracts to hedge risks which are not designated as hedges. Such contracts are accounted for at fair value through profit or loss and are included in other gains/ (losses).

3.12 Impairment

Financial assets (other than at fair value)

For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial

Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables.

PPE and intangibles assets

3.13 Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including octroi and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

3.14 Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods.

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised at the point in time when control is transferred to the customer which is usually on dispatch / delivery.

Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for volume discounts, rebates, scheme allowances, price concessions, incentives, and returns, if any, as specified in the contracts with the customers. Revenue excludes taxes collected from customers on behalf of the government. Accruals for discounts/incentives and returns are estimated (using the most likely method) based on accumulated experience and underlying schemes and agreements with customers. Due to the short nature of credit period given to customers, there is no financing component in the contract.

The Company has adopted Ind AS 115 Revenue from contracts with customers, with effect from April 1, 2018. Ind AS 115 establishes principles for reporting information about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows arising from the contracts with its customers and replaces Ind AS 18 Revenue and Ind AS 11 Construction Contracts.

The Company has adopted Ind AS 115 using the cumulative effect method whereby the effect of applying this standard is recognised at the date of initial application (i.e. 1 April, 2018). Accordingly, the comparative information in the Standalone Statement of profit and loss is not restated. Impact on adoption of Ind AS 115 is not material.

3.14.1 Rendering of services

Income recognition for services takes place as and when the services are performed in accordance with IND AS 115

3.14.2 Interest Income

Interest income from financial assets is recognised when it is probable that economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial assets to that asset''s net carrying amount on initial recognition.

3.14.3 Dividend

3.14.4 Insurance claims

Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

3.14.5 Royalty on trademark license arrangements:

Royalty income is recognised on an accrual basis (provided that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably). Such arrangements are based on sales made by the licensee and are recognised by reference to the compensation terms under the underlying arrangement.

3.15 Research and development expenses

3.16 Leases

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. Leases where a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases.

(i) Operating Lease:

Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term except where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from leased assets are consumed. The aggregate benefit of incentives (excluding inflationary increases where rentals are structured solely to increase in line with the expected general inflation to compensate for the lessor''s inflationary cost increases, such increases are recognised in the year in which the benefits accrue) provided by the lessor is recognised as a reduction of rental expense over the lease term on a straight-line basis.

(ii) Finance Lease:

Assets held under finance leases are initially recognised as assets of the Company at their fair value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the Balance Sheet as a finance lease obligation.

Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets or, where shorter, the term of the relevant lease. Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance expenses are recognized immediately in profit or loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case they are capitalized in accordance with the Company''s general policy on borrowing costs. Contingent rentals are recognised as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.

3.17 Non-current assets held for sale

When the Company is committed to a sale plan involving disposal of an investment, the investment that will be disposed of is classified as held for sale when the criteria described above are met.

Non-current assets (and disposal groups) classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.

3.18 Employee benefit expenses

Employee benefits consist of contribution to provident fund, superannuation fund, gratuity fund, compensated absences, supplemental pay and director pension liability.

3.18.1.1 Post-employment benefit plans

Defined Contribution plans

Defined benefit plans

The Company operates various defined benefit plans-gratuity fund, supplemental pay and director pension liability.

Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the Standalone Statement of Changes in Equity and in the Standalone Balance Sheet.

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in profit or loss as past service cost.

3.18.2 Short term employee benefit

3.19 Borrowing cost

3.20 Segment reporting

3.21 Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognised in Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current tax

Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax

3.22 Accounting of Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

Contingent assets are not disclosed in the financial statements unless an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

3.23 Dividend to Equity shareholders

Dividend to equity shareholders is recognised as a liability and deducted from shareholders'' Equity, in the period in which the dividends are approved by the equity shareholders in the general meeting.

3.24 Earnings per share (EPS)

3 A. Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with the Ind AS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and disclosures as at date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of the revenues and expenses for the years presented. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions.

(i) Critical Judgements

I n the process of applying the Companyâs accounting policies, management has made the following judgements, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognisd in the financial statements:

Discount rate used to determine the carrying amount of the Companyâs employee defined benefit obligation

Contingences and commitments

(ii) Key sources of estimation uncertainty

Useful lives of property, plant and equipment

Allowances for doubtful debts

Allowances for inventories

Liability for sales return

In making judgment for liability for sales return, the management considered the detailed criteria for the recognition of revenue from the sale of goods set out in Ind AS 115 and in particular, whether the Company had transferred to the buyer the significant risk and rewards of ownership of the goods. Following the detailed quantification of the Companyâs liability towards sales return, the management is satisfied that significant risk and rewards have been transferred and that recognition of the revenue in the current year is appropriate, in conjunction with the recognition of an appropriate liability for sales return.

Mar 31, 2018

1.1 Statement of compliance

1.2 Basis of preparation and measurement

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participantâs ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the Standalone Financial Statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

- Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

- Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

- Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

1.3 Functional and presentation currency

The Standalone financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (INR), which is also the Companyâs functional currency. All amounts have been rounded-off to the nearest â lakhs, unless otherwise indicated.

1.4 Foreign currency translation

1.5 Property plant and equipment (PPE)

(a) Recognition and measurement

On adoption of Ind AS , the Company retained the carrying value for all of its property, plant and equipment as recognised in the financial statements as at the date of transition to Ind ASs, measured as per the previous GAAP and used that as its deemed cost as permitted by Ind AS 101 âFirst-time Adoption of Indian Accounting Standardsâ.

Subsequent costs are included in the assetâs carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

An item ofproperty, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in profit or loss. Fully depreciated assets still in use are retained in financial statements.

(b) Depreciation

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost of assets (other than freehold land and capital work in progress) less their residual values over the useful lives, using the straight- line method (âSLMâ). Management believes based on a technical evaluation (which is based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support, etc.) that the useful lives of the assets reflect the periods over which these assets are expected to be used, which are as follows:

The carrying values of property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

Any gain or loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

1.6 Investment Property

(a) Recognition and measurement

Land or building held to earn rentals or for capital appreciation or both rather than for use in the production or supply of goods or services or for administrative purposes; or sale in the ordinary course of business is recognised as Investment Property. Land held for a currently undetermined future use is also recognised as Investment Property.

(b) Depreciation

After initial recognition, the Company measures all of its investment property in accordance with Ind AS 16 - Property, Plant and Equipment requirements for cost model. The depreciable amount of an item of investment property is allocated on a systematic basis over its useful life. The Company provides depreciation on the straight line method. The Company believes that straight line method reflects the pattern in which the assetâs future economic benefits are expected to be consumed by the Company. Based on internal technical evaluation, the management believes useful lives of the assets are appropriate. The depreciation method is reviewed at least at each financial year-end and, if there has been a significant change in the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits embodied in the asset, the method is changed to reflect the changed pattern. Such a change is accounted for as a change in an accounting estimate in accordance with Ind AS 8 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors.

The depreciation charge for each period is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

The estimated useful lives for the current and comparative periods are as follows:

(d) Gain or Loss on disposal

Any gain or loss on disposal of an Investment Property is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

1.7 Other intangible assets

Other intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The Company amortises intangible assets with a finite useful life using the straight-line method over the following range of useful lives:

The estimated useful life is reviewed annually by the management.

1.8 Capital work-in-progress and intangible assets under development

Capital work-in-progress/intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost.

1.9 Non-derivative financial instruments

Cash and cash equivalents

Financial assets at amortised cost

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

The Company has made an irrevocable election to present subsequent changes in the fair value of equity investments not held for trading in Other Comprehensive Income.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Equity instruments

Offsetting of financial instruments

1.10 Investment in subsidiaries

A subsidiary is an entity that is controlled by the Company.

The Company accounts for the investments in equity shares of subsidiaries at cost in accordance with Ind AS 27- Separate Financial Statements.

1.11 Derivative financial instruments

1.12 Impairment Financial assets (other than at fair value)

For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial

Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables.

PPE and intangibles assets

An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. Such a reversal is made only to the extent that the assetâs carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been recognised.

1.13 Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including octroi and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, excise duty. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

1.14 Revenue recognition

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Revenue is adjusted for estimated customer returns, rebates and other similar allowances.

1.14.1 Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the goods are delivered and titles have passed, at which time all the following conditions are satisfied:

- the Company has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods;

- the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold

- the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

- it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company

- the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably; and.

- the revenues are reported net of indirect taxes.

1.14.2 Rendering of services

Income recognition for services takes place as and when the services are performed.

1.14.3 Interest Income

Interest income from financial assets is recognised when it is probable that economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial assets to that assetâs net carrying amount on initial recognition.

1.14.4 Dividend

Dividend income from investments is recognised when the shareholderâs right to receive payment has been established (provided that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably).

1.14.5 Insurance claims

Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

1.14.6 Royalty on trademark license arrangements:

1.15 Research and development expenses

Research expenditure is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are also charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss unless a productâs technical feasibility has been established, in which case such expenditure is capitalised. Tangible assets used in research and development are capitalised.

1.16 Leases

(i) Operating Lease:

Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term except where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from leased assets are consumed. The aggregate benefit of incentives (excluding inflationary increases where rentals are structured solely to increase in line with the expected general inflation to compensate for the lessorâs inflationary cost increases, such increases are recognised in the year in which the benefits accrue) provided by the lessor is recognised as a reduction of rental expense over the lease term on a straight-line basis.

(ii) Finance Lease:

Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets or, where shorter, the term of the relevant lease. Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance expenses are recognized immediately in profit or loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case they are capitalized in accordance with the Companyâs general policy on borrowing costs. Contingent rentals are recognised as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.

1.17 Non-current assets held for sale

When the Company is committed to a sale plan involving disposal of an investment, the investment that will be disposed of is classified as held for sale when the criteria described above are met.

Non-current assets (and disposal groups) classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.

1.18 Employee benefits expenses

Employee benefits consist of contribution to provident fund, superannuation fund, gratuity fund, compensated absences and supplemental pay.

1.18.1.1 Post-employment benefit plans

Defined Contribution plans

Defined benefit plans

The Company operates various defined benefit plans-gratuity fund and supplemental pay.

The Company also makes contribution towards provident fund, in substance a defined contribution retirement benefit plan. The provident fund is administered by the Trustees of the Rallis India Limited Provident Fund. The rules of the Companyâs provident fund administered by the Trust, require that if the Board of Trustees are unable to pay interest at the rate declared by the Employeesâ Provident Fund by the Government under para 60 of the Employeesâ Provident Fund Scheme, 1952 for the reason that the return on investment is less or for any other reason, then the deficiency shall be made good by the Company. Having regard to the assets of the fund and the return on the investments, the Company does not expect any deficiency as at the year end.

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in profit or loss as past service cost.

1.18.2 Short-term employee benefit

1.19 Borrowing cost

Borrowing costs are interest and ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings. General and specific borrowing costs attributable to acquisition and construction of any qualifying asset (one that takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its designated use or sale) are capitalised until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale, and included as part of the cost of that asset. Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation. All the other borrowing costs are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss within finance costs of the period in which they are incurred.

1.20 Segment reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, in deciding how to allocate resources and assessing performance. The Companyâs chief operating decision maker is the Managing Director & CEO.

Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis have been included under âunallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilitiesâ.

1.21 Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current tax

Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax

1.22 Accounting of Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

Contingent assets are not disclosed in the financial statements unless an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

1.23 Dividend to Equity shareholders

Dividend to equity shareholders is recognised as a liability and deducted from shareholdersâ Equity, in the period in which the dividends are approved by the equity shareholders in the general meeting.

1.24 Earnings per share (EPS)

Mar 31, 2017

1. Corporate Information

Rallis India Limited (the ''''Company'''') is a public limited company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act applicable in India. It has been engaged primarily in the business of manufacture and marketing of Agri Inputs. The Company has its manufacturing facilities in India and sells both in India and across the globe. The Company''s registered office is at 156/157, 15th Floor, Nariman Bhavan, 227 Nariman Point, Mumbai 400 021.

Tata Chemicals Limited ("Tata Chemicals") owns 50.06% of the Company''s equity share capital.

The financial statements for the year ended 31 March, 2017 were approved by the Board of Directors and authorized for issue on 24 April, 2017.

2. Recent accounting pronouncement

2.1 Standards issued but not yet effective

I n March 2017, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs issued the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) (Amendments) Rules, 2017, notifying amendments to Ind AS 7, ''Statement of Cash Flows'' and Ind AS 102, ''Share-based payment.'' These amendments are in accordance with the recent amendments made by International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to IAS 7, ''Statement of Cash Flows'' and IFRS 2, ''Share-based payment,'' respectively. The amendments are applicable from 1 April, 2017.

Amendment to Ind AS 7:

The amendment to Ind AS 7 requires the entities to provide disclosures that enable users of financial statements to evaluate changes in liabilities arising from financing activities, including both changes arising from cash flows and non-cash changes, suggesting inclusion of a reconciliation between the opening and closing balances in the Balance Sheet for liabilities arising from financing activities, to meet the disclosure requirement.

The Company is evaluating the requirements of the amendment and the effect on the financial statements is being evaluated. Amendment to Ind AS 102:

The amendment to Ind AS 102 provides specific guidance to measurement of cash-settled awards, modification of cash-settled awards and awards that include a net settlement feature in respect of withholding taxes.

It clarifies that the fair value of cash-settled awards is determined on a basis consistent with that used for equity-settled awards. Market-based performance conditions and non-vesting conditions are reflected in the ''fair values'', but non-market performance conditions and service vesting conditions are reflected in the estimate of the number of awards expected to vest. Also, the amendment clarifies that if the terms and conditions of a cash-settled share-based payment transaction are modified with the result that it becomes an equity-settled share-based payment transaction, the transaction is accounted for as such from the date of the modification. Further, the amendment requires the award that include a net settlement feature in respect of withholding taxes to be treated as equity-settled in its entirety. The cash payment to the tax authority is treated as if it was part of an equity settlement.

The requirements of the amendment have no impact on the financial statements as the standard is not applicable to the Company.

3. Significant accounting policies

3.1 Statement of compliance

These financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 ("Ind AS").

Up to the year ended 31 March, 2016, the Company prepared its financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the India, including accounting standards read with Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 notified under Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 ("Previous GAAP"). These are the Company''s first Ind AS financial statements. The date of transition to Ind AS is 1 April, 2015. Refer note 4 for the details of first time adoption exemptions availed by the Company.

3.2 Basis of preparation and measurement

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period. Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

- Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

- Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

- Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

3.3 Foreign currency translation

The functional currency of Rallis India Limited is Indian rupee ('').

3.4 Property plant and equipment (PPE)

On adoption of Ind AS, the Company retained the carrying value for all of its property, plant and equipment as recognized in the financial statements as at the date of transition to Ind ASs, measured as per the previous GAAP and used that as its deemed cost as permitted by Ind AS 101 ''First-time Adoption of Indian Accounting Standards''.

PPE are initially recognized at cost. The initial cost of PPE comprises its purchase price, including non-refundable duties and taxes net of any trade discounts and rebates. The cost of PPE includes interest on borrowings (borrowing cost) directly attributable to acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets subsequent to initial recognition, PPE are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation (other than freehold land, which are stated at cost) and impairment losses, if any. Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognized when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred. Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets. However, when there is no reasonable certainty that ownership will be obtained by the end of the lease term, assets are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and useful lives.

Depreciation is recognized so as to write off the cost of assets (other than freehold land and capital work in progress) less their residual values over the useful lives, using the straight- line method ("SLM"). Management believes based on a technical evaluation (which is based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers

The carrying values of property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognized in profit or loss. Fully depreciated assets still in use are retained in financial statements.

3.5 Intangible assets

Intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

An intangible asset is derecognized on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses on derecognition are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in profit or loss within other gains/(losses).

3.6 Capital work-in-progress and intangible assets under development

Capital work-in-progress/intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost.

3.7 Non-derivative financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial assets and liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value measured on initial recognition of financial asset or financial liability.

Cash and cash equivalents

Financial assets at amortized cost

Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

The Company has made an irrevocable election to present subsequent changes in the fair value of equity investments not held for trading in Other Comprehensive Income.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

Financial assets are measured at fair value through profit or loss unless it is measured at amortized cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income on initial recognition. The transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are immediately recognized in profit or loss.

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

Equity instruments

An equity instrument is a contract that evidences residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments recognized by the Company are measured at the proceeds received net off direct issue cost. Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in financial statements if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

3.8 Investments in subsidiaries

A subsidiary is an entity that is controlled by the Company.

The Company accounts for the each category of investments in subsidiaries at cost in accordance with Ind AS 27- Separate Financial Statements.

3.9 Derivative financial instruments

3.10 Impairment

Financial assets (other than at fair value)

The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortized cost and FVTOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.

For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognized from initial recognition of the receivables.

PPE and intangibles assets

higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the cash generating unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.

3.11 Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realizable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including octroi and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, excise duty. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

3.12 Revenue recognition

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Revenue is reduced for estimated customer returns, rebates and other similar allowances.

3.12.1 Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized when the goods are delivered and titles have passed, at which time all the following conditions are satisfied:

- the Company has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods;

- the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold

- the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

- it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company; and the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

3.12.2 Rendering of services

Income recognition for services takes place as and when the services are performed.

3.12.3 Interest Income

Interest income from financial assets is recognized when it is probable that economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial assets to that asset''s net carrying amount on initial recognition.

3.12.4 Dividend

Dividend income from investments is recognized when the shareholder''s right to receive payment has been established (provided that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably).

3.12.5 Insurance claims

Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted / expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

3.12.6 Royalty on trademark license arrangements

Royalty revenue is recognized on an accrual basis (provided that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably). Such arrangements are based on sales made by the licensee and are recognized by reference to the compensation terms under the underlying arrangement.

3.13 Research and development expenses

Research expenditure is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are also charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss unless a product''s technical feasibility has been established, in which case such expenditure is capitalized. Tangible assets used in research and development are capitalized.

3.14 Leases

(i) Operating Lease:

Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term except where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from leased assets are consumed. The aggregate benefit of incentives (excluding inflationary increases where rentals are structured solely to increase in line with the expected general inflation to compensate for the less orâs inflationary cost increases, such increases are recognized in the year in which the benefits accrue) provided by the less or is recognized as a reduction of rental expense over the lease term on a straight-line basis.

(ii) Finance Lease:

Assets held under finance leases are initially recognized as assets of the Company at their fair value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the less or is included in the Balance Sheet as a finance lease obligation.

Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets or, where shorter, the term of the relevant lease. Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance expenses are recognized immediately in profit or loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case they are capitalized in accordance with the Company''s general policy on borrowing costs. Contingent rentals are recognized as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.

3.15 Non-current assets held for sale

When the Company is committed to a sale plan involving disposal of an investment, the investment that will be disposed of is classified as held for sale when the criteria described above are met.

Non-current assets (and disposal groups) classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.

3.16 Employee benefit expenses

Employee benefits consist of contribution to provident fund, superannuation fund, gratuity fund, compensated absences and supplemental pay.

3.16.1 Post-employment benefit plans Defined Contribution plans

Employees'' Provident Fund Scheme, 1952 for the reason that the return on investment is less or for any other reason, then the deficiency shall be made good by the Company. Having regard to the assets of the fund and the return on the investments, the Company does not expect any deficiency as at the year end.

Defined benefit plans

The Company operates various defined benefit plans- gratuity fund and supplemental pay.

The liability or asset recognized in the balance sheet in respect of its defined benefit plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by actuaries using the projected unit credit method.

Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognized in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the Statement of Changes in Equity and in the Balance Sheet.

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognized immediately in profit or loss as past service cost.

3.16.2 Short term employee benefit

Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried to future periods but are expected to be encashed or availed in twelve months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses during the year in which the employees perform the services that the benefit covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted amount of the benefits after deducting amounts already paid. Where there are restrictions on a ailment of encashment of such accrued benefit or where the a ailment or encashment is otherwise not expected to wholly occur in the next twelve months, the liability on account of the benefit is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method.

3.17 Borrowing cost

Borrowing costs are interest and ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings. General and specific borrowing costs attributable to acquisition and construction of any qualifying asset (one that takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its designated use or sale) are capitalized until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale, and included as part of the cost of that asset. Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalization. All the other borrowing costs are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss within Finance costs of the period in which they are incurred.

3.18 Segment reporting

3.19 Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current tax

Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax

Deferred income tax is recognized using the Balance Sheet approach. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.

Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that either future taxable profits or reversal of deferred tax liabilities will be available, against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.

3.20 Accounting of provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets

Provisions are recognized, when there is a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, where it is probable that there will be outflow of resources to settle the obligation and when a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Where a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows. Where the effect is material, the provision is discounted to net present value using an appropriate current market-based pre-tax discount rate and the unwinding of the discount is included in finance costs.

Contingent liabilities are recognized only when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, due to occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events, not wholly within the control of the Company, or where any present obligation cannot be measured in terms of future outflow of resources, or where a reliable estimate of the obligation cannot be made. Obligations are assessed on an ongoing basis and only those having a largely probable outflow of resources are provided for.

Contingent assets are not disclosed in the financial statements unless an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

3.21 Dividend to equity shareholders

Dividend to equity shareholders is recognized as a liability and deducted from shareholders'' equity, in the period in which the dividends are approved by the equity shareholders in the general meeting.

3.22 Earnings per share (EPS)

Basic EPS is computed by dividing the profit or loss attributable to the equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of Ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS is computed by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to the ordinary equity shareholders and the weighted average number of ordinary equity shares, for the effects of all dilutive potential Ordinary shares.

Mar 31, 2015

(a) Basis of Accounting

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 ("the 2013 Act") / Companies Act, 1956 ("the 1956 Act"), as applicable. The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical cost convention. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the previous year except for change in the accounting policy for depreciation.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. The Company''s activities in its business segments have operating cycles which do not exceed 12 months. As a result, current assets comprise elements that are expected to be realised within 12 months after the reporting date and current liabilities comprise elements that are due for settlement within 12 months after the reporting date.

(b) Use of Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognised in the periods in which the results are known / materialise.

(c) Fixed Assets and Depreciation / Amortisation

(i) Tangible fixed assets and depreciation

Tangible fixed assets acquired by the Company are reported at acquisition cost, with deductions for accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any.

The acquisition cost includes the purchase price (excluding refundable taxes) and expenses directly attributable to bring the asset to the location and condition for its intended use. Examples of directly attributable expenses included in the acquisition cost are delivery and handling costs, installation, legal services and consultancy services.

Where the construction or development of any such asset requiring a substantial period of time to set up for its intended use, is funded by borrowings, the corresponding borrowing costs are capitalised up to the date when the asset is ready for its intended use.

Depreciable amount for assets is the cost of an asset, or other amount substituted for cost, less its estimated residual value.

Depreciation on tangible fixed assets has been provided on the straight-line method as per the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 except in respect of the following categories of assets, where the life of the assets has been assessed as under based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support, etc.:

Assets Revised useful life

General plant and machinery 10 years

Leasehold land is amortised over the. duration of the lease.

(ii) Intangible assets and amortisation

Intangible assets other than goodwill are valued at cost less amortisation. These generally comprise of costs incurred to acquire computer software licences and implement the software for internal use (including software coding, installation, testing and certain data conversion) as well as costs paid to acquire studies for obtaining approvals from registration authorities of products having proven technical feasibility.

Research costs are charged to the statement of Profit and Loss as they occurred.

Costs incurred for applying research results or other knowledge to develop new products, are capitalised to the extent that these products or registrations are expected to generate future financial benefits. Other development costs are expensed as and when they arise.

Goodwill comprises the portion of purchase price for an acquisition that exceeds the market value of the identifiable assets, with deductions for liabilities, calculated on the date of acquisition, on the Company''s share in the acquired company''s assets.

Intangible assets are reported at acquisition value with deductions for accumulated amortisation and any impairment losses.

Amortisation is provided on a straight line basis over the asset''s anticipated useful life. The useful life is determined based on the period of the underlying contract and the period of time over which the intangible asset is expected to be used and generally does not exceed 10 years. The estimated useful life of the intagible assets and the amortisation period are reviewed at the end of each financial year and amortisation period is revised to reflect the change in pattern if any.

An impairment test of intangible assets is conducted annually or more often if there is an indication of a decrease in value. The impairment loss, if any, is reported in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(d) Impairment of assets

The carrying values of assets of the Company''s cash-generating units are reviewed for impairment annually or more often if there is an indication of decline in value. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amounts of those assets are estimated and impairment loss is recognised, if the carrying amount of those assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and the value in use of those assets. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the estimated future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor.

(e) Investments

Long term investments are valued at cost, less provision for other than temporary dimunition in value, if any. Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value.

Investmensts that are readily realisble and are intended to be held for not more than one year from the date, on which such investments are made, are classified as "Current" investments. All other investments are classified as "Long Term".

(f) Inventory

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value.

In case of raw materials, packing materials, stores and spare parts and traded finished goods, costs are determined in accordance with continuous moving weighted average principle. Costs include purchase price, non-refundable taxes and delivery and handling costs.

Cost of finished goods and work-in-progress are determined using the absorption costing principles. Cost includes cost of materials consumed, labour and a systematic allocation of variable and fixed production overheads. Excise duties at the applicable rates are also included in the cost of finished goods.

Net realisable value is estimated at the expected selling price less estimated completion and selling costs.

(g) Revenue Recognition

Sales include products and services, net of trade discounts and exclude sales tax, state value added tax and service tax.

With regard to sale of products, income is reported when all obligations connected with the transfer of risks and rewards to the buyer have been fulfilled after the price has been determined and collection of the receivable is reasonably certain.

Income recognition for services takes place as and when the services are performed.

Amounts received from customers specifically towards setting up / expansion of manufacturing facilities, linked to a contractual arrangement for supply of specified quantities of product manufactured from the said facilities at pre-determined prices, are treated as liabilities and recognized as revenue in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the contracted period of supply in proportion to the quantities dispatched.

(h) Financial Income and Borrowing cost

Interest income is recognised as interest accrued on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding against the financial asset and the rate applicable provided no significant uncertainty exists as to measurability or collectability.

Borrowing (finance costs) are generally expensed as incurred except where they relate to the financing of construction or development of qualifying assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended future use. Ordinarily, the term "substantial period of time" is considered to mean a period of 12 months or more unless a shorter or longer period could be justified on the basis of facts and circumstances of a specific case.

Borrowing costs are capitalised up to the date when the asset is ready for its intended use. The amount of finance costs capitalised (before the effects of income tax) for the period is determined by applying the interest rate applicable to appropriate borrowings outstanding during the period to the average amount of capitalised expenditure for the qualifying assets during the period.

Borrowing costs include exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent of the difference between interest on local currency borrowings and interest on foreign currency borrowings.

(i) Foreign currency Transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the reporting currency based on the exchange rate on the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising on settlement thereof during the year are recognised as income or expenses in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Cash and bank balances, receivables and liabilities (monetary items) in foreign currencies as at the year end are valued at year end rates, and unrealised translation differences are included in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

The Company''s forward exchange contracts are not held for trading or speculation. The premium/discount arising on entering into such contract is amortised over the life of such contracts and exchange differences arising on such contracts are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(j) Employee Benefits

Short term employee benefits are recognised as an expense at the undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services rendered by the employees to the Company.

The Company has both defined-contribution and defined-benefit plans, of which some have assets in special funds or securities. The plans are financed by the Company and in the case of some defined contribution plans by the Company along with its employees.

The contribution as specified under the law are paid to the Provident Fund set up as irrevocable trust by the Company or to the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner when the corresponding services to which these contributions relate are rendered by employees. The Company is generally liable for annual contribution and any shortfall in the fund assets based on the government specified minimum rates of return. Such contributions and shortfall, if any, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as an expense in the year incurred.

Expenses for gratuity and supplemental payment plans are calculated as at the balance sheet date by independent actuaries using the projected unit credit method in a manner that distributes expenses over the employee''s working life. These commitments are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a discount rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the actuary having regard to the interest rate on government bonds with a remaining term that is almost equivalent to the average balance working period of employees.

Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried to future periods but are expected to be encashed or availed in twelve months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses during the year in which the employees perform the services that the benefit covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted amount of the benefits after deducting amounts already paid. Where there are restrictions on availment or encashment of such accrued benefit or where the availment or encashment is otherwise not expected to wholly occur in the next twelve months, the liability on account of the benefit is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method.

(k) Taxes on Income

The Company''s income taxes include taxes on the Company''s taxable profits, adjustment attributable to earlier periods and changes in deferred taxes. Valuation of all tax liabilities / receivables is conducted at nominal amounts and in accordance with enacted tax regulations and tax rates or in the case of deferred taxes, those that have been enacted or substantively enacted.

Deferred tax is calculated to correspond to the tax effect arising when final tax is determined. Deferred tax corresponds to the net effect of tax on all timing differences which occur as a result of items being allowed for income-tax purposes during a period different from when they were recognised in the financial statements.

Deferred tax assets are recognised with regard to all deductible timing differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which deductible timing differences can be utilised. When the Company carries forward unused tax losses and unabsorbed depreciation, deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent there is virtual certainty backed by convincing evidence that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax assets can be realised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or a part of the aggregate deferred tax asset to be utilised.

(l) Operating Leases

Leases in which significant portion of risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments made towards operating lease arrangements are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on straight line basis over the period of lease.

(m) Segment Reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment Revenue, Segment Expenses, Segment Assets and Segment Liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis, have been included under "Unallocated Revenue / Expenses / Assets / Liabilities".

(n) Provisions and contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of a past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Where these is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or where it is either not probable that and outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount can not be made, the obligation is termed as a contingent liability. Contingent liabilities are not recognised but are disclosed in the notes to the fnancial statements unless the possibility of an outflow of resources embodying economic benefit is remote. A contingent asset is neither recognised nor disclosed.

(o) cash Flow Statements

Cash-flow statements are prepared in accordance with the "Indirect Method" as explained in the Accounting Standard (AS) 3 - Cash Flow Statements.

(p) cash and cash Equivalents

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertable into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.

(q) Earnings per Share

Basic Earnings per Share is calculated by dividing the net profit after tax for the year attributable to equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

b. The Company has issued one class of equity shares having a par value of Rs.1 per share. Each shareholder is eligible for one vote per share held. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting, except in case of interim dividend. In the event of liquidation, the equity shareholders are eligible to receive the remaining assets of the Company after distribution of all preferential amounts, in proportion to their shareholding.

The Company has not made any other allotment of shares for consideration other than cash during the immediately preciding five years nor has it bought back any of its shares during that period.

f. As per records of the Company as at 31 March, 2015, no calls remain unpaid by the directors and officers of the Company.

a Unsecured Term loan from a bank:

The loan is repayable in 8 quarterly instalments. The repayment begins after a moratorium of 12 months from March 2014. The first repayment ofRs. 312.50 lac falls due in June 2015.

b Loan from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research:

The loan is repayable in 3 annual instalments ofRs. 18.83 lac.

c Sales tax deferrals:

The loan is repayable in annual instalments which range from a maximum ofRs. 113.37 lac to a minimum ofRs. 7.78 lac over the period stretching from 1 April, 2015 to 31 March, 2027. The amount outstanding is free of interest.

The outstanding loan includes Rs. 95.97 lac (Previous Year: Rs. 153.95 lac) (including Rs. 40.62 lac(Previous Year: Rs. 58.36 lac) shown as a part of current maturities of long term debt in Note no. 7) in respect of which the applicability of the deferral scheme is disputed by the Sales Tax Authorities and the matter is contested before the Sales Tax Tribunal. The consequential interest claimed by the Sales Tax Authorities is included as a part of the Company''s contingent liabilities.

footnote:

For current maturities of long term borrowing refer item (i) to the note no. 7 ''Other Current Liabilities''.

Mar 31, 2014

Corporate Information:

Rallis India Limited (the "Company") is an Indian public limited company, incorporated on 23rd August, 1948, which is a subsidiary of Tata Chemicals Limited. It has been engaged primarily in the business of manufacture and marketing of Agri Inputs. The Company has its manufacturing facilities in India and sells both in India and across the globe. The Company is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange ("BSE") and the National Stock Exchange ("NSE").

(a) Basis of Accounting

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical cost convention on accrual basis. These financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with the accounting standards notified under Section 211(3C) [Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, as amended] and the other relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956, (the "1956 Act") [which continue to be applicable in respect of section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, (the "2013 Act") in terms of General Circular 15/2013 dated 13th September, 2013, of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA")].

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956. The Company''s activities in its business segments have operating cycles which do not exceed 12 months. As a result, current assets comprise elements that are expected to be realised within 12 months after the reporting date and current liabilities include elements that are due for settlement within 12 months after the reporting date.

(b) Use of Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognised in the periods in which the results are known / materialise.

(c) Fixed Assets and Depreciation / Amortisation

(i) Tangible fixed assets and depreciation

Tangible fixed assets acquired by the Company are reported at acquisition cost, with deductions for accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any.

The acquisition cost includes the purchase price (excluding refundable taxes) and expenses directly attributable to bring the asset to the location and condition for its intended use. Examples of directly attributable expenses included in the acquisition cost are delivery and handling costs, installation, legal services and consultancy services.

Where the construction or development of any such asset requiring a substantial period of time to set up for its intended use, is funded by borrowings, the corresponding borrowing costs are capitalised up to the date when the asset is ready for its intended use.

Depreciation is provided on a straight line basis at rates and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956. Fixed assets costing less than Rs. 5,000 are fully depreciated in the year of purchase. Extra shift depreciation is applied to applicable items of plant and machinery for days additional shifts are worked. Freehold land is not depreciated since it is deemed to have an indefinite economic life. The premium paid for acquiring leasehold land is amortised over the period of lease on a straight line basis.

(ii) Intangible assets and amortisation

Intangible assets other than goodwill are valued at cost less amortisation. These generally comprise of costs incurred to acquire computer software licences and implement the software for internal use (including software coding, installation, testing and certain data conversion) as well as costs paid to acquire studies for obtaining approvals from registration authorities of products having proven technical feasibility.

Research costs are charged to earnings as they arise.

Costs incurred for applying research results or other knowledge to develop new products, are capitalised to the extent that these products or registrations are expected to generate future financial benefits. Other development costs are expensed as and when they arise.

Goodwill comprises the portion of purchase price for an acquisition that exceeds the market value of the identifiable assets, with deductions for liabilities, calculated on the date of acquisition, on the Company''s share in the acquired company''s assets.

Intangible assets other than Goodwill are reported at acquisition value with deductions for accumulated amortisation and any impairment losses.

Amortisation is provided on a straight line basis over the asset''s anticipated useful life. The useful life is determined based on the period of the underlying contract and the period of time over which the intangible asset is expected to be used and generally does not exceed 10 years.

An impairment test of intangible assets including Goodwill is conducted annually or more often if there is an indication of a decrease in value. The impairment loss, if any, is reported in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(d) Impairment of assets

The carrying values of assets of the Company''s cash-generating units are reviewed for impairment annually or more often if there is an indication of decline in value. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amounts of those assets are estimated and impairment loss is recognised, if the carrying amount of those assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and the value in use of those assets. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the estimated future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor.

(e) Investments

Long term investments are valued at cost, less provision for other than temporary in diminution in value, if any. Current investments are valued at lower of cost and fair value.

Investments that are readily realisable and are intended to be held for not more than one year from the date, on which such investments are made, are classified as "Current" investments. All other investments are classified as "Long Term".

(f) Inventory

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value.

In case of raw materials, packing materials, stores and spare parts and traded finished goods, costs are determined in accordance with continuous moving weighted average principle. Costs include purchase price, non-refundable taxes and delivery and handling costs.

Cost of finished goods and work-in-progress are determined using the absorption costing principles. Cost includes cost of materials consumed, labour and a systematic allocation of variable and fixed production overheads. Excise duties at the applicable rates are also included in the cost of finished goods.

Net realisable value is estimated at the expected selling price less estimated completion and selling costs.

(g) Revenue Recognition

Sales include products and services, net of trade discounts and exclude sales tax, state value added tax and service tax.

With regard to sale of products, income is reported when all obligations connected with the transfer of risks and rewards to the buyer have been fulfilled. This usually occurs upon dispatch, after the price has been determined and collection of the receivable is reasonably certain.

Income recognition for services takes place as and when the services are performed.

Amounts received from customers specifically towards setting up / expansion of manufacturing facilities, linked to a contractual arrangement for supply of specified quantities of product manufactured from the said facilities at pre-determined prices, are treated as liabilities and recognized as revenue in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the contracted period of supply in proportion to the quantities dispatched.

(h) Financial Income and Borrowing Cost

Interest income is recognised as interest accrued on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding against the financial asset and the rate applicable provided no significant uncertainty exists as to measurability or collect ability. Discount and premium on debt securities held is treated as though it were accruing over the period to maturity.

Borrowing (finance costs) are generally expensed as incurred except where they relate to the financing of construction or development of qualifying assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended future use. Ordinarily, the term "substantial period of time" is considered to mean a period of 12 months or more unless a shorter or longer period could be justified on the basis of facts and circumstances of a specific case.

Borrowing costs are capitalised up to the date when the asset is ready for its intended use. The amount of finance costs capitalised (before the effects of income tax) for the period is determined by applying the interest rate applicable to appropriate borrowings outstanding during the period to the average amount of capitalised expenditure for the qualifying assets during the period.

Borrowing costs include exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent of the difference between interest on local currency borrowings and interest on foreign currency borrowings.

(i) Foreign Currency Transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the reporting currency based on the exchange rate on the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising on settlement thereof during the year are recognised as income or expenses in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Cash and bank balances, receivables and liabilities (monetary items) in foreign currencies as at the year end are valued at year end rates, and unrealised translation differences are included in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

The Company''s forward exchange contracts are not held for trading or speculation. The premium/discount arising on entering into such contract is amortised over the life of such contracts and exchange differences arising on such contracts are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Hedge Accounting

The Company uses currency option contracts to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations relating to highly probable forecasted transactions. The Company designates such currency option contracts in a cash flow hedging relationship by applying the hedge accounting principles set out in Ind AS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement.

These contracts are stated at fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the intrinsic value of these contracts that are designated and effective as hedges of future cash flows are recognised directly in Hedging Reserve Account under Reserves and Surplus, net of applicable deferred income taxes. The ineffective portion and the time value is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Amounts accumulated in Hedging Reserve Account are reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the same periods during which the forecasted transaction affects the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, exercised or no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. For forecasted transactions, any cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in Hedging Reserve Account is retained there until the forecasted transaction occurs.

If the forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur, the net cumulative gain or loss recognised in Hedging Reserve Account is immediately transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss for the period.

(j) Employee Benefits

Short term employee benefits are recognised as an expense at the undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services rendered by the employees to the Company.

The Company has both defined-contribution and defined-benefit plans, of which some have assets in special funds or securities. The plans are financed by the Company and in the case of some defined contribution plans by the Company along with its employees.

The contribution as specified under the law are paid to the Provident Fund set up as irrevocable trust by the Company or to the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner when the corresponding services to which these contributions relate are rendered by employees. The Company is generally liable for annual contribution and any shortfall in the fund assets based on the government specified minimum rates of return. Such contributions and shortfall, if any, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as an expense in the year incurred.

Expenses for gratuity and supplemental payment plans are calculated as at the balance sheet date by independent actuaries using the projected unit credit method in a manner that distributes expenses over the employee''s working life. These commitments are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a discount rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the actuary having regard to the interest rate on government bonds with a remaining term that is almost equivalent to the average balance working period of employees.

Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried to future periods but are expected to be uncashed or availed in twelve months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses during the year in which the employees perform the services that the benefit covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted amount of the benefits after deducting amounts already paid. Where there are restrictions on availment of encashment of such accrued benefit or where the availment or encashment is otherwise not expected to wholly occur in the next twelve months, the liability on account of the benefit is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method.

(k) Taxes on Income

The Company''s income taxes include taxes on the Company''s taxable profits, adjustment attributable to earlier periods and changes in deferred taxes. Valuation of all tax liabilities / receivables is conducted at nominal amounts and in accordance with enacted tax regulations and tax rates or in the case of deferred taxes, those that have been enacted or substantively enacted.

Deferred tax is calculated to correspond to the tax effect arising when final tax is determined. Deferred tax corresponds to the net effect of tax on all timing differences which occur as a result of items being allowed for income-tax purposes during a period different from when they were recognised in the financial statements.

Deferred tax assets are recognised with regard to all deductible timing differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which deductible timing differences can be utilised. When the Company carries forward unused tax losses and unabsorbed depreciation, deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent there is virtual certainty backed by convincing evidence that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax assets can be realised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or a part of the aggregate deferred tax asset to be utilised.

(l) Operating Leases

Leases in which significant portion of risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments made towards operating lease arrangements are charged to the statement of profit and loss on straight line over the period of lease.

(m) Segment Reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment Revenue, Segment Expenses, Segment Assets and Segment Liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis, have been included under "Unallocated Revenue / Expenses / Assets / Liabilities".

(n) Provisions and Contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Group has a present obligation as a result of a past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Where these is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Group or where it is either not probable that and outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount can not be made, the obligation is termed as a contingent liability. Contingent liabilities are not recognised but are disclosed in the notes to the financial statements unless the possibility of an outflow of resources embodying economic benefit is remote. A contingent asset is neither recognised nor disclosed.

(o) Cash Flow Statements

Cash-flow statements are prepared in accordance with the "Indirect Method" as explained in the Accounting Standard (AS) 3 - On Cash Flow Statements.

(p) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and bank balances and current investments that have insignificant risk of change in value, which have durations up to three months, are included in the Company''s cash and cash equivalents in the Cash Flow Statement.

(q) Earnings per Share

Basic Earnings per Share is calculated by dividing the net profit after tax for the year attributable to equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

b. The Company has issued one class of equity shares having a par value of Rs.1 per share. Each shareholder is eligible for one vote per share held. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting, except in case of interim dividend. In the event of liquidation, the equity shareholders are eligible to receive the remaining assets of the Company after distribution of all preferential amounts, in proportion to their shareholding.

f. As per records of the Company as at 31st March, 2014, no calls remain unpaid by the directors and officers of the Company.

Footnotes:

Terms of repayment:

a Term loan from a bank:

The balance is repayable in 8 equal quarterly installments. The repayment begins after a moratorium of 12 months from March, 2014.

b Loan from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research:

The balance is repayable in 4 annual installments of Rs.18.83 lacs.

c Sales tax deferrals:

The balance is repayable in annual installments which range from a maximum of Rs.77.72 lacs to a minimum of Rs.9.47 lacs over the period stretching from 1st April, 2014 to 31st March, 2027. The amount outstanding is free of interest.

The outstanding loan includes Rs.153.95 lacs (including Rs.58.36 lacs shown as a part of current maturities of long term debt in Note no. 8) in respect of which the applicability of the deferral scheme is disputed by the Sales Tax Authorities and the matter is contested before the Sales Tax Tribunal. The consequential interest claimed by the Sales Tax Authorities is included as a part of the Company''s contingent liabilities.

Mar 31, 2013

(a) Basis of Accounting

The financial statements are prepared as per historical cost convention and in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India, the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956, and the applicable Accounting Standards referred to in Section 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956. All income and expenditure having material bearing on the financial statements are recognised on accrual basis.

(b) Use of Estimates

The presentation of the financial statements in conformity with the generally accepted accounting principles requires the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Such estimates and assumptions are based on management''s evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as on the date of financial statements. The actual outcome may diverge from these estimates.

(c) Fixed Assets and Depreciation / Amortisation

(i) Tangible fixed assets and depreciation

Tangible fixed assets acquired by the Company are reported at acquisition cost, with deductions for accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any.

The acquisition cost includes the purchase price (excluding refundable taxes) and expenses directly attributable to bring the asset to the location and condition for its intended use. Examples of directly attributable expenses included in the acquisition cost are delivery and handling costs, installation, legal services and consultancy services.

Where the construction or development of any such asset requiring a substantial period of time to set up for its intended use, is funded by borrowings, the corresponding borrowing costs are capitalised up to the date when the asset is ready for its intended use.

Depreciation is provided on a straight line basis at rates and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956. Fixed assets costing less than Rs. 5,000 are fully depreciated in the year of purchase. Extra shift depreciation is applied to applicable items of plant and machinery for days additional shifts are worked. Freehold land is not depreciated since it is deemed to have an indefinite economic life. The premium paid for acquiring leasehold land is amortised over the period of lease on a straight line basis.

(ii) Intangible assets and amortisation

Intangible assets other than goodwill are valued at cost less amortisation. These generally comprise of costs incurred to acquire computer software licences and implement the software for internal use (including software coding, installation, testing and certain data conversion) as well as costs paid to acquire studies for obtaining approvals from registration authorities of products having proven technical feasibility.

Research costs are charged to earnings as they arise.

Costs incurred for applying research results or other knowledge to develop new products, are capitalised to the extent that these products or registrations are expected to generate future financial benefits. Other development costs are expensed as and when they arise.

Goodwill comprises the portion of purchase price for an acquisition that exceeds the market value of the identifiable assets, with deductions for liabilities, calculated on the date of acquisition, on the Company''s share in the acquired company''s assets.

Intangible assets are reported at acquisition value with deductions for accumulated amortisation and any impairment losses.

Amortisation is provided on a straight line basis over the asset''s anticipated useful life. The useful life is determined based on the period of the underlying contract and the period of time over which the intangible asset is expected to be used and generally does not exceed 10 years.

An impairment test of intangible assets is conducted annually or more often if there is an indication of a decrease in value. The impairment loss, if any, is reported in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(d) Impairment of assets

The carrying values of assets of the Company''s cash-generating units are reviewed for impairment annually or more often if there is an indication of decline in value. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amounts of those assets are estimated and impairment loss is recognised, if the carrying amount of those assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the estimated future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor.

(e) Investments

Long term investments are valued at cost, less provision for other than temporary diminution in value, if any. Current investments are valued at the lower of cost and fair value.

(f) Inventory

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value.

In case of raw materials, packing materials, stores and spare parts and traded finished goods, costs are determined in accordance with continuous moving weighted average principle. Costs include purchase price, non-refundable taxes and delivery and handling costs.

Cost of finished goods and work-in-progress are determined using the absorption costing principles. Cost includes cost of materials consumed, labour and a systematic allocation of variable and fixed production overheads. Excise duties at the applicable rates are also included in the cost of finished goods.

Net realisable value is estimated at the expected selling price less estimated completion and selling costs.

(g) Revenue Recognition

Sales include products and services, net of trade discounts and exclude sales tax, state value added tax and service tax.

With regard to sale of products, income is reported when all obligations connected with the transfer of risks and rewards to the buyer have been fulfilled. This usually occurs upon dispatch, after the price has been determined and collection of the receivable is reasonably certain.

Income recognition for services takes place as and when the services are performed.

Amounts received from customers specifically towards setting up / expansion of manufacturing facilities, linked to a contractual arrangement for supply of specified quantities of product manufactured from the said facilities at pre-determined prices, are treated as liabilities and recognized as revenue in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the contracted period of supply in proportion to the quantities dispatched.

(h) Financial Income and Borrowing Cost

Financial income and borrowing cost include interest income on bank deposits and interest expense on loans.

Interest from interest-bearing assets is recognised on an accrual basis over the life of the asset based on the constant effective yield. The effective interest is determined on the basis of the terms of the cash flows under the contract including related fees, premiums, discounts or debt issuance costs, if any.

Borrowing costs are recognised in the period to which they relate, regardless of how the funds have been utilised, except where it relates to financing of construction or development of assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended future use when interest is capitalised up to the date when the asset is ready for its intended use. The amount of interest capitalised (gross of tax) for the period is determined by applying the interest rate applicable to appropriate borrowings outstanding during the period to the average amount of accumulated expenditure for the assets during the period.

(i) Foreign Currency Transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the reporting currency based on the exchange rate on the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising on settlement thereof during the year are recognised as income or expenses in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Cash and bank balances, receivables and liabilities (monetary items) in foreign currencies as at the year end are valued at year end rates, and unrealised translation differences are included in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Investments in foreign currency (non monetary items) are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.

The Company''s forward exchange contracts are not held for trading or speculation. The premium/discount arising on entering into such contract is amortised over the life of such contracts and exchange differences arising on such contracts are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Hedge Accounting

The Company uses currency option contracts to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations relating to highly probable forecasted transactions. The Company designates such currency option contracts in a cash flow hedging relationship by applying the hedge accounting principles set out in Accounting Standard 30 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement.

These contracts are stated at fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the intrinsic value of these contracts that are designated and effective as hedges of future cash flows are recognised directly in Hedging Reserve Account under Reserves and Surplus, net of applicable deferred income taxes. The ineffective portion and the time value is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Amounts accumulated in Hedging Reserve Account are reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the same periods during which the forecasted transaction affects the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, exercised or no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. For forecasted transactions, any cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in Hedging Reserve Account is retained there until the forecasted transaction occurs.

If the forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur, the net cumulative gain or loss recognised in Hedging Reserve Account is immediately transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss for the period.

(j) Employee Benefits

Short term employee benefits are recognised as an expense at the undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services rendered by the employees to the Company.

The Company has both defined-contribution and defined-benefit plans, of which some have assets in special funds or securities. The plans are financed by the Company and in the case of some defined contribution plans by the Company along with its employees.

The contribution as specified under the law are paid to the Provident Fund set up as irrevocable trust by the Company or to the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. The Company is generally liable for annual contribution and any shortfall in the fund assets based on the government specified minimum rates of return. Such contributions and shortfall, if any, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as an expense in the year incurred.

Expenses for gratuity and supplemental payment plans are calculated as at the balance sheet date by independent actuaries in a manner that distributes expenses over the employee''s working life. These commitments are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a discount rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the actuary having regard to the interest rate on government bonds with a remaining term that is almost equivalent to the average balance working period of employees.

Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried to future periods but are expected to be encashed or availed in twelve months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses during the year in which the employees perform the services that the benefit covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted amount of the benefits after deducting amounts already paid. Where there are restrictions on availment of encashment of such accrued benefit or where the availment or encashment is otherwise not expected to wholly occur in the next twelve months, the liability on account of the benefit is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method.

(k) Taxes on Income

The Company''s income taxes include taxes on the Company''s taxable profits, adjustment attributable to earlier periods and changes in deferred taxes. Valuation of all tax liabilities / receivables is conducted at nominal amounts and in accordance with enacted tax regulations and tax rates or in the case of deferred taxes, those that have been enacted or substantively enacted.

Deferred tax is calculated to correspond to the tax effect arising when final tax is determined. Deferred tax corresponds to the net effect of tax on all timing differences which occur as a result of items being allowed for income-tax purposes during a period different from when they were recognised in the financial statements.

Deferred tax assets are recognised with regard to all deductible timing differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which deductible timing differences can be utilised. When the Company carries forward unused tax losses and unabsorbed depreciation, deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent there is virtual certainty backed by convincing evidence that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax assets can be realised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or a part of the aggregate deferred tax asset to be utilised.

(l) Lease Accounting

(i) Operating Leases

Lease of an asset whereby the lessor essentially remains the owner of the asset is classified as operating lease. The payments made by the Company as lessee in accordance with operational leasing contracts or rental agreements are expensed proportionally during the lease or rental period respectively. Any compensation, according to agreement, that the lessee is obliged to pay to the lessor if the leasing contract is terminated prematurely is expensed during the period in which the contract is terminated.

(ii) Finance Leases

Depreciation on the assets taken on lease is charged at the rate applicable to similar type of fixed assets as per the Company''s accounting policy on depreciation as stated above. If the leased assets are returnable to the lessor on the expiry of the lease period, depreciation is charged in accordance with the Company''s depreciation policy as stated above or on a straight line basis over the lease period, whichever is shorter.

Lease payments made are apportioned between the finance charges and reduction of the outstanding liability in respect of assets taken on lease.

(m) Segment Reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment Revenue, Segment Expenses, Segment Assets and Segment Liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis, have been included under "Unallocated Revenue / Expenses / Assets / Liabilities'';

(n) Provisions and Contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of a past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are not recognised but are disclosed in the notes to the financial statements unless the possibility of an outflow of resources embodying economic benefit is remote. A contingent asset is neither recognised nor disclosed.

(o) Cash Flow Statements

Cash-flow statements are prepared in accordance with the "Indirect Method" as explained in the Accounting Standard (AS) 3 - Cash Flow Statements as prescribed under Section 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956.

(p) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and bank balances and current investments that have insignificant risk of change in value, which have durations up to three months, are included in the Company''s cash and cash equivalents in the Cash Flow Statement.

(q) Earnings per Share

Basic Earnings per Share is calculated by dividing the net profit after tax for the year attributable to equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

Mar 31, 2012

(a) Basis of Accounting

The financial statements are prepared as per historical cost convention and in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India, the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956, and the applicable Accounting Standards referred to in section 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956. All income and expenditure having material bearing on the financial statements are recognised on accrual basis.

(b) Use of Estimates

The presentation of the financial statements in conformity with the generally accepted accounting principles requires the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Such estimates and assumptions are based on management's evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as on the date of financial statements. The actual outcome may diverge from these estimates.

(c) Fixed Assets and Depreciation / Amortisation

(i) Tangible fixed assets and depreciation

Tangible fixed assets acquired by the Company are reported at acquisition cost, with deductions for accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any.

The acquisition cost includes the purchase price (excluding refundable taxes) and expenses directly attributable to bring the asset to the location and condition for its intended use. Examples of directly attributable expenses included in the acquisition cost are delivery and handling costs, installation, legal services and consultancy services.

Where the construction or development of any such asset requiring a substantial period of time to set up for its intended use, is funded by borrowings, the corresponding borrowing costs are capitalised up to the date when the asset is ready for its intended use.

Depreciation is provided on a straight line basis at rates and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956, unless the use of a higher rate or an accelerated charge is justified through technical estimates. Fixed assets costing less than Rs 5,000 are fully depreciated in the year of purchase. Extra shift depreciation is applied to applicable items of plant and machinery for days additional shifts are worked. Freehold land is not depreciated since it is deemed to have an indefinite economic life. The premium paid for acquiring leasehold land is amortised over the period of lease on a straight line basis.

(ii) Intangible assets and amortisation

Intangible assets other than goodwill are valued at cost less amortisation. These generally comprise of costs incurred to acquire computer software licences and implement the software for internal use (including software coding, installation, testing and certain data conversion) as well as costs paid to acquire studies for obtaining approvals from registration authorities of products having proven technical feasibility.

Research costs are charged to earnings as they arise.

Costs incurred for applying research results or other knowledge to develop new products, are capitalised to the extent that these products or registrations are expected to generate future financial benefits. Other development costs are expensed as and when they arise.

Goodwill comprises the portion of purchase price for an acquisition that exceeds the market value of the identifiable assets, with deductions for liabilities, calculated on the date of acquisition, on the share in the acquired company's assets acquired by the Company.

Intangible assets are reported at acquisition value with deductions for accumulated amortisation and any impairment losses.

Amortisation is provided on a straight line basis over the asset's anticipated useful life. The useful life is determined based on the period of the underlying contract and the period of time over which the intangible asset is expected to be used and generally does not exceed 10 years.

An impairment test of intangible assets is conducted annually or more often if there is an indication of a decrease in value. The impairment loss, if any, is reported in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(d) Impairment of assets

The carrying values of assets of the Company's cash-generating units are reviewed for impairment annually or more often if there is an indication of decline in value. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amounts of those assets are estimated and impairment loss is recognised, if the carrying amount of those assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the estimated future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor.

(e) Investments

Long term investments are valued at cost, less provision for other than temporary diminution in value, if any. Current investments are valued at the lower of cost and fair value.

(f) Inventory

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value.

In case of raw materials, packing materials, stores and spare parts and traded finished goods, costs are determined in accordance with continuous moving weighted average principle. Costs include purchase price, non-refundable taxes and delivery and handling costs.

Cost of finished goods and work-in-progress are determined using the absorption costing principles. Cost includes cost of materials consumed, labour and a systematic allocation of variable and fixed production overheads. Excise duties at the applicable rates are also included in the cost of finished goods.

Net realisable value is estimated at the expected selling price less estimated completion and selling costs.

(g) Revenue Recognition

Sales include products and services, net of trade discounts and exclude sales tax, state value added tax and service tax.

With regard to sale of products, income is reported when practically all obligations connected with the transfer of risks and rewards to the buyer have been fulfilled. This usually occurs upon dispatch, after the price has been determined and collection of the receivable is reasonably certain.

Income recognition for services takes place as and when the services are performed.

Amounts received from customers specifically towards setting up / expansion of manufacturing facilities, linked to a contractual arrangement for supply of specified quantities of product manufactured from the said facilities at pre-determined prices, are treated as current liabilities and recognized as revenue in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the contracted period of supply in proportion to the quantities dispatched.

(h) Financial Income and Borrowing Cost

Financial income and borrowing cost include interest income on bank deposits and interest expense on loans. Interest from interest-bearing assets is recognised on an accrual basis over the life of the asset based on the constant effective yield. The effective interest is determined on the basis of the terms of the cash flows under the contract including related fees, premiums, discounts or debt issuance costs, if any.

Borrowing costs are recognised in the period to which they relate, regardless of how the funds have been utilised, except where it relates to financing of construction or development of assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended future use when interest is capitalised up to the date when the asset is ready for its intended use. The amount of interest capitalised (gross of tax) for the period is determined by applying the interest rate applicable to appropriate borrowings outstanding during the period to the average amount of accumulated expenditure for the assets during the period.

(i) Foreign Currency Transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the reporting currency based on the exchange rate on the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising on settlement thereof during the year are recognised as income or expenses in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Cash and bank balances, receivables and liabilities (monetary items) in foreign currencies as at the year end are valued at year end rates, and unrealised translation differences are included in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Investments in foreign currency (non monetary items) are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.

The Company's forward exchange contracts are not held for trading or speculation. The premium/discount arising on entering into such contract is amortised over the life of such contracts and exchange differences arising on such contracts are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Hedge Accounting

The Company uses currency option contracts to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations relating to highly probable forecasted transactions. The Company designates such currency option contracts in a cash flow hedging relationship by applying the hedge accounting principles set out in Accounting Standard 30 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement.

These contracts are stated at fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the intrinsic value of these contracts that are designated and effective as hedges of future cash flows are recognised directly in Hedging Reserve Account under Reserves and Surplus, net of applicable deferred income taxes. The ineffective portion and the time value is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Amounts accumulated in Hedging Reserve Account are reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the same periods during which the forecasted transaction affects the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, exercised or no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. For forecasted transactions, any cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in Hedging Reserve Account is retained there until the forecasted transaction occurs.

If the forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur, the net cumulative gain or loss recognised in Hedging Reserve Account is immediately transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss for the period.

(j) Employee Benefits

Short term employee benefits are recognised as an expense at the undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services rendered by the employees to the Company.

The Company has both defined-contribution and defined-benefit plans, of which some have assets in special funds or securities. The plans are financed by the Company and in the case of some defined contribution plans by the Company along with its employees.

The contribution as specified under the law are paid to the Provident Fund set up as irrevocable trust by the Company or to the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. The Company is generally liable for annual contribution and any shortfall in the fund assets based on the government specified minimum rates of return. Such contributions and shortfall, if any, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as an expense in the year incurred.

Expenses for gratuity and supplemental payment plans are calculated as at the balance sheet date by independent actuaries in a manner that distributes expenses over the employee's working life. These commitments are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a discount rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the actuary having regard to the interest rate on government bonds with a remaining term that is almost equivalent to the average balance working period of employees.

Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried to future periods but are expected to be encashed or availed in twelve months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses during the year in which the employees perform the services that the benefit covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted amount of the benefits after deducting amounts already paid. Where there are restrictions on availment of encashment of such accrued benefit or where the availment or encashment is otherwise not expected to wholly occur in the next twelve months, the liability on account of the benefit is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method.

(k) Taxes on Income

The Company's income taxes include taxes on the Company's taxable profits, adjustment attributable to earlier periods and changes in deferred taxes. Valuation of all tax liabilities / receivables is conducted at nominal amounts and in accordance with enacted tax regulations and tax rates or in the case of deferred taxes, those that have been enacted or substantially enacted.

Deferred tax is calculated to correspond to the tax effect arising when final tax is determined. Deferred tax corresponds to the net effect of tax on all timing differences which occur as a result of items being allowed for income tax purposes during a period different from when they were recognised in the financial statements. Deferred tax assets are recognised with regard to all deductible timing differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which deductible timing differences can be utilised. When the Company carries forward unused tax losses and unabsorbed depreciation, deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent there is virtual certainty backed by convincing evidence that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax assets can be realised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or a part of the aggregate deferred tax asset to be utilised.

(l) Lease Accounting

(i) Operating Leases

Lease of an asset whereby the lessor essentially remains the owner of the asset is classified as operating lease. The payments made by the Company as lessee in accordance with operational leasing contracts or rental agreements are expensed proportionally during the lease or rental period respectively. Any compensation, according to agreement, that the lessee is obliged to pay to the lessor if the leasing contract is terminated prematurely is expensed during the period in which the contract is terminated.

(ii) Finance Leases

Assets taken on finance lease after 1st April, 2001, are capitalised at fair value or net present value of the minimum lease payments, whichever is lower.

Depreciation on the assets taken on lease is charged at the rate applicable to similar type of fixed assets as per the Company's accounting policy on depreciation as stated above. If the leased assets are returnable to the lessor on the expiry of the lease period, depreciation is charged in accordance with the Company's depreciation policy as stated above or in a straight line basis over the lease period, which ever is shorter. Lease payments made are apportioned between the finance charges and reduction of the outstanding liability in respect of assets taken on lease.

(m) Segment Reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment Revenue, Segment Expenses, Segment Assets and Segment Liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis, have been included under "Unallocated Revenue / Expenses / Assets / Liabilities';

(n) Provisions and Contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of a past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are not recognised but are disclosed in the notes to the financial statements unless the possibility of an outflow of resources embodying economic benefit is remote. A contingent asset is neither recognised nor disclosed.

(o) Cash Flow Statements

Cash-flow statements are prepared in accordance with the "Indirect Method" as explained in the Accounting Standard (AS) 3 - Cash Flow Statements as prescribed under section 211(3C) of the Companies Act 1956.

(p) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and bank balances and current investments that have insignificant risk of change in value, which have durations up to three months, are included in the Company's cash and cash equivalents in the Cash Flow Statement.

(q) Earnings per Share

Basic Earnings per Share is calculated by dividing the net profit after tax for the year attributable to equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

Mar 31, 2011

(a) Basis of Accounting

The financial statements are prepared as per historical cost convention and in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India, the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956, and the applicable Accounting Standards referred to in section 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956. All income and expenditure having material bearing on the financial statements are recognised on accrual basis.

(b) Use of Estimates

The presentation of the financial statements in conformity with the generally accepted accounting principles requires the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Such estimates and assumptions are based on managements evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as on the date of financial statements. The actual outcome may diverge from these estimates.

(c) Fixed Assets and Depreciation / Amortisation

(i) Tangible fixed assets and depreciation

Tangible fixed assets acquired by the Company are reported at acquisition cost, with deductions for accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any.

The acquisition cost includes the purchase price (excluding refundable taxes) and expenses directly attributable to the asset to bring it to the site and in the working condition for its intended use. Examples of directly attributable expenses included in the acquisition cost are delivery and handling costs, installation, legal services and consultancy services.

Where the construction or development of any such asset requiring a substantial period of time to set up for its intended use, is funded by borrowings, the corresponding borrowing costs are capitalised up to the date when the asset is ready for its intended use.

Depreciation is provided on a straight line basis at rates and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956, unless the use of a higher rate or an accelerated charge is justified through technical estimates. Fixed assets costing less than Rs. 5,000 are fully depreciated in the year of purchase. Extra shift depreciation is applied to applicable items of plant and machinery for days additional shifts are worked. Freehold land is not depreciated since it is deemed to have an indefinite economic life. The premium paid for acquiring leasehold land is amortised over the period of lease on a straight line basis.

(ii) Intangible assets and amortisation

Intangible assets other than goodwill are valued at cost less amortisation. These generally comprise of costs incurred to acquire computer software licences and implement the software for internal use (including software coding, installation, testing and certain data conversion) as well as costs paid to acquire studies for obtaining approvals from registration authorities of products having proven technical feasibility.

Research costs are charged to earnings as they arise.

Costs incurred for applying research results or other knowledge to develop new products, are capitalised to the extent that these products or registrations are expected to generate future financial benefits. Other development costs are expensed as and when they arise.

Goodwill comprises the portion of a purchase price for an acquisition that exceeds the market value of the identifiable assets, with deductions for liabilities, calculated on the date of acquisition, on the share in the acquired companys assets acquired by the Company.

Intangible assets are reported at acquisition value with deductions for accumulated amortisation and any impairment losses.

Amortisation takes place on a straight line basis over the assets anticipated useful life. The useful life is determined based on the period of the underlying contract and the period of time over which the intangible asset is expected to be used and generally does not exceed 10 years.

An impairment test of intangible assets is conducted annually or more often if there is an indication of a decrease in value. The impairment loss, if any, is reported in the Profit and Loss Account.

(d) Impairment of assets

The carrying values of assets of the Companys cash-generating units are reviewed for impairment annually or more often if there is an indication of decline in value. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amounts of those assets are estimated and impairment loss is recognised, if the carrying amount of those assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the estimated future cash flows to their present value based on appropriate discount factor.

(e) Investments

Long term investments are valued at cost, less provision for diminution other than temporary, in value, if any. Current investments are valued at the lower of cost and fair value.

(f) Inventory

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value.

In case of raw materials, packing materials, stores and spare parts and traded finished goods, cost are determined in accordance with continuous moving weighted average principle. Costs include purchase price, non-refundable taxes and delivery and handling costs.

Cost of finished goods and work-in-progress are determined using the absorption costing principles. Cost includes cost of materials consumed, labour and a systematic allocation of variable and fixed production overheads. Excise duties at the applicable rates are also included in the cost of finished goods.

Net realisable value is estimated at the expected selling price less estimated completion and selling costs.

(g) Revenue Recognition

Sales include products and services, net off trade discounts and exclude sales tax, state value added tax and service tax.

With regard to sale of products, income is reported when practically all obligations connected with the transaction risks and rights to the buyer have been fulfilled. This usually occurs upon dispatch, after the price has been determined and collection of the receivable is reasonably certain.

Income recognition for services takes place as and when the services are performed.

Amounts received from customers specifically towards setting up / expansion of manufacturing facilities, linked to a contractual arrangement for supply of specified quantities of product manufactured from the said facilities at pre-determined prices, are treated as current liabilities and recognized as revenue in the Profit and Loss Account over the contracted period of supply in proportion to the quantities dispatched from the increased capacity.

(h) Financial Income and Borrowing Cost

Financial income and borrowing cost include interest income on bank deposits and interest expense on loans.

Interest from interest-bearing assets is recognised on an accrual basis over the life of the asset based on the constant effective yield. The effective interest is determined on the basis of the terms of the cash flows under the contract including related fees, premiums, discounts or debt issuance costs, if any.

Borrowing costs are recognised in the period to which they relate, regardless of how the funds have been utilised, except where it relates to financing of construction or development of assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended future use. Interest is capitalised up to the date when the asset is ready for its intended use. The amount of interest capitalised (gross of tax) for the period is determined by applying the interest rate applicable to appropriate borrowings outstanding during the period to the average amount of accumulated expenditure for the assets during the period.

(i) Foreign Currency Transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the reporting currency based on the exchange rate on the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising on settlement thereof during the year are recognised as income or expenses in the Profit and Loss Account.

Cash and bank balances, receivables and liabilities (monetary items) in foreign currencies as at the year end are valued at year end rates, and unrealised translation differences are included in the Profit and Loss Account.

Investments in foreign currency (non monetary items) are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.

The Companys forward exchange contracts are not held for trading or speculation. The premium/discount arising on entering into such contract is amortised over the life of such contracts and exchange differences arising on such contracts are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account.

Hedge Accounting

The Company uses currency option contracts to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations relating to highly probable forecasted transactions. The Company designates such currency option contracts in a cash flow hedging relationship by applying the hedge accounting principles set out in Indian Accounting Standard (ÃInd ASÃ) 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement.

These contracts are stated at fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the intrinsic value of these contracts that are designated and effective as hedges of future cash flows are recognised directly in Hedging Reserve Account under Reserves and Surplus, net of applicable deferred income taxes. The ineffective portion and the time value is recognised immediately in the Profit and Loss Account.

Amounts accumulated in Hedging Reserve Account are reclassified to Profit and Loss Account in the same periods during which the forecasted transaction affects the Profit and Loss Account.

Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. For forecasted transactions, any cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in Hedging Reserve Account is retained there until the forecasted transaction occurs.

If the forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur, the net cumulative gain or loss recognised in Hedging Reserve Account is immediately transferred to the Profit and Loss Account for the period.

(j) Employee Benefits

i) Short Term

Short term employee benefits are recognised as an expense at the undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services rendered by the employees to the Company.

ii) Long Term

The Company has both defined-contribution and defined-benefit plans, of which some have assets in special funds or securities. The plans are financed by the Company and in the case of some defined contribution plans by the Company along with its employees.

- Defined-contribution plans

These are plans in which the Company pays pre-defined amounts to separate funds and does not have any legal or informal obligation to pay additional sums. These comprise of contributions to the employees provident fund, family pension fund and superannuation fund. The Companys payments to the defined-contribution plans are reported as expenses during the period in which the employees perform the services that the payment covers.

- Defined-benefit plans

Expenses for defined-benefit gratuity and supplemental payment plans are calculated as at the balance sheet date by independent actuaries in a manner that distributes expenses over the employees working life. These commitments are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a discount rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the actuary having regard to the interest rate on government bonds with a remaining term that is almost equivalent to the average balance working period of employees.

iii) Other Employee Benefits

Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried to future periods but are expected to be encashed or availed in twelve months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses during the year in which the employees perform the services that the benefit covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted amount of the benefits after deducting amounts already paid. Where there are restrictions on availment of encashment of such accrued benefit or where the availment or encashment is otherwise not expected to wholly occur in the next twelve months, the liability on account of the benefit is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method.

(k) Taxes on Income

The Companys income taxes include taxes on the Companys taxable profits, adjustment attributable to earlier periods and changes in deferred taxes. Valuation of all tax liabilities / receivables is conducted at nominal amounts and in accordance with enacted tax regulations and tax rates or in the case of deferred taxes, those that have been substantially enacted.

Deferred tax is calculated to correspond to the tax effect arising when final tax is determined. Deferred tax corresponds to the net effect of tax on all timing differences which occur as a result of items being allowed for income tax purposes during a period different from when they were recognised in the financial statements.

Deferred tax assets are recognised with regard to all deductible timing differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which deductible timing differences can be utilised. When the Company carries forward unused tax losses and unabsorbed depreciation, deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent there is virtual certainty backed by convincing evidence that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax assets can be realised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced by the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or a part of the aggregate deferred tax asset to be utilised.

(l) Lease Accounting

(i) Operating Leases

Lease of an asset whereby the lessor essentially remains the owner of the asset is classified as operating lease. The payments made by the Company as lessee in accordance with operational leasing contracts or

rental agreements are expensed proportionally during the lease or rental period respectively. Any compensation, according to agreement, that the lessee is obliged to pay to the lessor if the leasing contract is terminated prematurely is expensed during the period in which the contract is terminated.

(ii) Finance Leases

Assets taken on finance lease after 1st April, 2001, are capitalised at fair value or net present value of the minimum lease payments, whichever is lower.

Depreciation on the assets taken on lease is charged at the rate applicable to similar type of fixed assets as per the Companys accounting policy on depreciation as stated above. If the leased assets are returnable to the lessor on the expiry of the lease period, depreciation is charged in accordance with the Companys depreciation policy as stated above or in a straight line basis over the lease period, which ever is shorter.

Lease payments made are apportioned between the finance charges and reduction of the outstanding liability in respect of assets taken on lease.

(m) Segment Reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment Revenue, Segment Expenses, Segment Assets and Segment Liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis, have been included under ÃUnallocated Revenue / Expenses / Assets / LiabilitiesÃ.

(n) Provisions and Contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are not recognised but are disclosed in the notes to the financial statement. A contingent asset is neither recognised nor disclosed.

(o) Cash Flow Statements

Cash-flow statements are prepared in accordance with ÃIndirect MethodÃ as explained in the Accounting Standard (AS) 3 - Cash Flow Statements as prescribed under section 211(3C) of the Indian Companies Act 1956.

p) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and bank balances and current investments that have insignificant risk of change in value, which have durations up to three months, are included in the Companys cash and cash equivalents in the Cash Flow Statement.

q) Earnings per Share

Basic Earnings per Share is calculated by dividing the net profit after tax for the year attributable to equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares in issue during the year.

Mar 31, 2010

(a) Basis of Accounting

The financial statements are prepared as per historical cost convention and in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India, the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956, and the applicable Accounting Standards referred to in section 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956. All income and expenditure having material bearing on the fnancial statements are recognised on accrual basis.

(b) Use of Estimates

The presentation of the financial statements in conformity with the generally accepted accounting principles requires the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Such estimates and assumptions are based on managementÃs evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as on the date of financial statements. The actual outcome may diverge from these estimates.

(c) Fixed Assets and Depreciation/Amortisation

(i) Tangible fixed assets and depreciation

Tangible fixed assets acquired by the Company are reported at acquisition value, with deductions for accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any.

The acquisition cost includes the purchase price (excluding refundable taxes) and expenses directly attributable to the asset to bring it to the site and in the working condition for its intended use. Examples of directly attributable expenses included in the acquisition cost are delivery and handling costs, installation, legal services and consultancy services.

Where the construction or development of any such asset requiring a substantial period of time to set up for its intended use, is funded by borrowings, the corresponding borrowing costs are capitalised up to the date when the asset is ready for its intended use.

Depreciation is provided on a straight line basis at rates and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956, unless the use of a higher rate or an accelerated charge is justified through technical estimates. Fixed assets costing less than Rs. 5,000 are fully depreciated in the year of purchase. Extra shift depreciation is applied to applicable items of plant and machinery for days additional shifts are worked. Freehold land is not depreciated since it is deemed to have an indefinite economic life. The premium paid for acquiring leasehold land is amortised over the period of lease on a straight line basis.

(ii) Intangible assets and amortisation

Intangible assets other than goodwill are valued at cost less amortisation. These generally comprise of costs incurred to acquire computer software licences and implement the software for internal use (including software coding, installation, testing and certain data conversion) as well as costs paid to acquire studies for obtaining approvals from registration authorities of products having proven technical feasibility.

Research costs are charged to earnings as they arise.

Costs incurred for applying research results or other knowledge to develop new products, are capitalised to the extent that these products or registrations are expected to generate future financial benefits. Other development costs are expensed as and when they arise.

Goodwill comprises the portion of a purchase price for an acquisition that exceeds the market value of the identifiable assets, with deductions for liabilities, calculated on the date of acquisition, on the share in the acquired companyÃs assets acquired by the Company.

Intangible assets are reported at acquisition value with deductions for accumulated amortisation and any impairment losses.

Amortisation takes place on a straight line basis over the assetÃs anticipated useful life. The useful life is determined based on the period of the underlying contract and the period of time over which the intangible asset is expected to be used and generally does not exceed 10 years.

An impairment test of intangible assets is conducted annually or more often if there is an indication of a decrease in value. The impairment loss, if any, is reported in the Profit and Loss Account.

(d) Impairment of assets

The carrying values of assets of the CompanyÃs cash-generating units are reviewed for impairment annually or more often if there is an indication of decline in value. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amounts of those assets are estimated and impairment loss is recognised, if the carrying amount of those assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the estimated future cash flows to their present value based on appropriate discount factor.

(e) Investments

Long term investments are valued at cost, less provision for diminution other than temporary, in value, if any. Current investments are valued at the lower of cost and fair value.

(f) Inventory

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value.

In the case of raw materials, packing materials, stores and spare parts and traded finished goods, cost are determined in accordance with the continuous moving weighted average principle. Costs include the purchase price, non-refundable taxes and delivery and handling costs.

Cost of finished goods and work-in-progress are determined using the absorption costing principles. Cost includes cost of materials consumed, labour and a systematic allocation of variable and fixed production overheads. Excise duties at the applicable rates are also included in the cost of finished goods.

Net realisable value is estimated at the expected selling price less estimated completion and selling costs.

(g) Revenue Recognition

Sales include products and services, net off trade discounts and exclude sales tax, state value added tax and service tax.

With regard to sale of products, income is reported when practically all obligations connected with the transaction risks and rights to the buyer have been fulfilled. This usually occurs upon dispatch, after the price has been determined and collection of the receivable is reasonably certain.

Income recognition for services takes place as and when the services are performed.

Amounts received from customers specifically towards setting up/expansion of manufacturing facilities, linked to a contractual arrangement for supply of specified quantities of product manufactured from the said facilities at pre-determined prices, are treated as current liabilities and recognised as revenue in the Profit and Loss Account over the contracted period of supply in proportion to the quantities dispatched from the increased capacity.

(h) Financial Income and Borrowing Cost

Financial income and borrowing cost include interest income on bank deposits and interest expense on loans.

Interest from interest-bearing assets is recognised on an accrual basis over the life of the asset based on the constant effective yield. The effective interest is determined on the basis of the terms of the cash flows under the contract including related fees, premiums, discounts or debt issuance costs, if any.

Borrowing costs are recognised in the period to which they relate, regardless of how the funds have been utilised, except where it relates to financing of construction or development of assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended future use. Interest is capitalised up to the date when the asset is ready for its intended use. The amount of interest capitalised (gross of tax) for the period is determined by applying the interest rate applicable to appropriate borrowings outstanding during the period to the average amount of accumulated expenditure for the assets during the period.

(i) Foreign Currency Transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the reporting currency based on the exchange rate on the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising on settlement thereof during the year are recognised as income or expenses in the Profit and Loss Account.

Cash and bank balances, receivables and liabilities (monetary items) in foreign currencies as at the year end are valued at year end rates, and unrealised translation differences are included in the Profit and Loss Account.

Investments in foreign currency (non-monetary items) are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.

The CompanyÃs forward exchange contracts are not held for trading or speculation. The premium/discount arising on entering into such contract is amortised over the life of such contracts and exchange differences arising on such contracts are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account.

Hedge Accounting

The Company uses currency option contracts to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations relating to highly probable forecast transactions. The Company designates such currency option contracts in a cash flow hedging relationship by applying the hedge accounting principles set out in Accounting Standard 30 - Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement.

These contracts are stated at fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the intrinsic value of these contracts that are designated and effective as hedges of future cash flows are recognised directly in Hedging Reserve Account under Reserves and Surplus, net of applicable deferred income taxes. The ineffective portion and the time value is recognised immediately in the profit and loss account.

Amounts accumulated in Hedging Reserve Account are reclassified to Profit and Loss Account in the same periods during which the forecasted transaction affects the Profit and Loss Account.

Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. For forecasted transactions, any cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in Hedging Reserve Account is retained there until the forecasted transaction occurs.

If the forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur, the net cumulative gain or loss recognised in Hedging Reserve Account is immediately transferred to the Profit and Loss Account for the period.

(j) Employee Benefits

(i) Short Term

Short term employee benefits are recognised as an expense at the undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services rendered by the employees to the Company.

(ii) Long Term

The Company has both defined-contribution and defined-benefit plans, of which some have assets in special funds or securities. The plans are financed by the Company and in the case of some defined contribution plans by the Company along with its employees.

- Defined-contribution plans

These are plans in which the Company pays pre-defined amounts to separate funds and does not have any legal or informal obligation to pay additional sums. These comprise of contributions to the employeesÃ provident fund, family pension fund and superannuation fund. The CompanyÃs payments to the defined-contribution plans are reported as expenses during the period in which the employees perform the services that the payment covers.

- Defined-benefits plans

Expenses for defined-benefit gratuity and supplemental payment plans are calculated as at the balance sheet date by independent actuaries in a manner that distributes expenses over the employeeÃs working life. These commitments are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a discount rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the actuary having regard to the interest rate on government bonds with a remaining term that is almost equivalent to the average balance working period of employees.

(iii) Other Employee Benefits

Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried to future periods but are expected to be encashed or availed in twelve months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses during the year in which the employees perform the services that the benefit covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted amount of the benefits after deducting amounts already paid. Where there are restrictions on availment of encashment of such accrued benefit or where the availment or encashment is otherwise not expected to wholly occur in the next twelve months, the liability on account of the benefit is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method.

(k) Deferred Revenue Expenditure

Expenditure incurred on voluntary retirement schemes are amortised on a straight line basis over the estimated period of payback which does not exceed five years. The period of deferral does not extend beyond 31st March, 2010.

(l) Taxes on Income

The CompanyÃs income taxes include taxes on the CompanyÃs taxable profits, fringe benefits tax, adjustment attributable to earlier periods and changes in deferred taxes. Valuation of all tax liabilities/receivables is conducted at nominal amounts and in accordance with enacted tax regulations and tax rates or in the case of deferred taxes, those that have been substantially enacted.

Deferred tax is calculated to correspond to the tax effect arising when final tax is determined. Deferred tax corresponds to the net effect of tax on all timing differences which occur as a result of items being allowed for income tax purposes during a period different from when they were recognised in the financial statements.

Deferred tax assets are recognised with regard to all deductible timing differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which deductible timing differences can be utilised. When the Company carries forward unused tax losses and unabsorbed depreciation, deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent there is virtual certainty backed by convincing evidence that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax assets can be realised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced by the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or a part of the aggregate deferred tax asset to be utilised.

(m) Lease Accounting

(i) Operating Leases

Lease of an asset whereby the lessor essentially remains the owner of the asset is classified as operating lease. The payments made by the Company as lessee in accordance with operational leasing contracts or rental agreements are expensed proportionally during the lease or rental period respectively. Any compensation, according to agreement, that the lessee is obliged to pay to the lessor if the leasing contract is terminated prematurely is expensed during the period in which the contract is terminated.

(ii) Finance Leases

Assets taken on finance lease after 1st April, 2001, are capitalised at fair value or net present value of the minimum lease payments, whichever is lower.

Depreciation on the assets taken on lease is charged at the rate applicable to similar type of fixed assets as per the CompanyÃs accounting policy on depreciation as stated above. If the leased assets are returnable to the lessor on the expiry of the lease period, depreciation is charged in accordance with the CompanyÃs depreciation policy as stated above or in a straight line basis over the lease period, whichever is shorter.

Lease payments made are apportioned between the finance charges and reduction of the outstanding liability in respect of assets taken on lease.

(n) Segment Reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment Revenue, Segment Expenses, Segment Assets and Segment Liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis, have been included under ÃUnallocated Revenue/Expenses/Assets/LiabilitiesÃ.

(o) Provisions and Contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are not recognised but are disclosed in the notes to the financial statement. A contingent asset is neither recognised nor disclosed.

(p) Cash Flow Statements

Cash flow statements are prepared in accordance with ÃIndirect MethodÃ as explained in the Accounting Standard (AS) 3 - Cash Flow Statements as prescribed under section 211(3C) of the Indian Companies Act, 1956.

(q) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and bank balances and current investments that have insignificant risk of change in value, which have durations up to three months, are included in the CompanyÃs cash and cash equivalents in the Cash Flow Statement.

(r) Earnings per Share

Basic Earnings per Share is calculated by dividing the net profit after tax for the year attributable to equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares in issue during the year.

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