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Accounting Policies of Rama Petrochemicals Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2015

1. Basis of Accounting :

The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material respects with the Accounting Standards notified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis.

Use of Estimates :

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based upon management's best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from these estimates.

2. Accounting for Construction Division :

Revenue from sale of properties under construction is recognized on the basis of actual bookings done (provided the significant risk and rewards have been transferred to the buyer and there is reasonable certainty of realization of proceeds) proportionate to the percentage of physical completion of construction / development work certified by the Architect.

3. Revenue Recognition :

a. Revenue is recognized when the substantial risks and rewards of ownership is transferred to the buyer on dispatch of goods.

b. Interest income is recognized on time proportionate basis.

c. Dividend income from investments is recognized when the right to receive the dividend is established.

d. Claims and damages are accounted as and when they are finalized.

4. Fixed Assets :

All Fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses if any. The cost of fixed assets includes taxes and duties (other than those subsequently recoverable from respective authorities), freight and other incidental expenses related to acquisition and installation of respective assets.

5. Depreciation :

a. Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided using straight line method based on the useful lives of the assets as prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.

b. Depreciation on addition / deletion is provided pro-rata basis with reference to the date of addition / deletion as the case may be.

c Individual assets acquired for less than Rs. 5,000/- are depreciated fully in the year of acquisition.

d. Leasehold land is amortized on a straight line basis over the period of lease.

6. Impairment of Assets :

a. The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed by the management at each balance sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal / external factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of assets exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is greater of asset's net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value at the weighted average cost of capital.

b. After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life. A previously recognized impairment loss is increased or reversed depending upon changes in circumstances. However the carrying value after reversal is not increased beyond the carrying value that would have prevailed by charging usual depreciation if there was no impairment.

7. Excise Duty :

Excise duty, if applicable, has been accounted on the basis of payment made in respect of finished goods cleared.

8. Foreign Currency Transactions :

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction. The gain or loss arising out of settlement / translation of the assets and the liabilities at the closing rates due to exchange fluctuations is recognized as income / expenditure in the statement of profit and loss.

9. Investments :

Investments that are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than a year are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments.

Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognize a decline other than temporary in the value of the investments.

10. Valuation of Inventories :

a. Raw Material and Stores & Spares are valued at cost ( on "first in first out basis" ) or market value whichever is lower.

b. Stocks in transit are valued at cost or market value whichever is lower.

c. Finished goods are valued at cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower.

d. Inventories of traded goods are valued at cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower.

11. Employee's Benefits :

Short Term Employee Benefits :

All employee benefits falling due wholly within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term employee benefits. The benefits like salaries, wages, short term compensated absences etc. and the expected cost of bonus, ex-gratia are recognized in the period in which the employee renders the related service.

Long Term Employee Benefits :

a. Defined Contribution Plan :

The company has Defined Contribution plans for post employment benefits namely Provident Fund. Under the provident Fund Plan, the company contributes to a Government administered provident fund on behalf of its employees.

The Company's contributions to the above funds are charged to revenue every year.

b. Defined Benefit Plans :

The Company's liabilities towards gratuity and leave encashment are determined using the projected unit credit method as at the balance sheet date. Actuarial gains / losses are recognized immediately in the profit and loss account. Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial valuations.

12. Borrowing Cost :

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.

13. Segment Reporting :

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the company. Segment assets include all operating assets used by the business segments and consist principally of fixed assets, debtors and inventories. Segment liabilities include the operating liabilities that result from the operating activities of the business. Segment assets and liabilities that cannot be allocated between the segments are shown as part of unallocated assets and liabilities respectively. Income / Expenses relating to the enterprise as a whole and not allocable on a reasonable basis to business segments are reflected as unallocated income / expenses.

14. Earning per Share (EPS) :

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting attributable taxes) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year .

15. Provision for Current and Deferred Tax :

a. Provision for the current tax is made after taking into considering benefits admissible under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

b. Deferred Tax charge or credit reflects the tax effects of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the period. The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognized using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is reasonable certainty that the assets can be realized in future. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date and is written down or written up to reflect the amount that is reasonably or virtually certain, as the case may be, to be realized.

16. Provisions :

A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

17. Contingent Liabilities :

Contingent liabilities, if any are disclosed in the notes on accounts. Provision is made in the accounts in respect of those contingencies which are likely to materialize into liabilities after the year end till the approval of the accounts by the board of directors and which have material effect on the position stated in the balance sheet.


Mar 31, 2014

1. Basis of Accounting

The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material respects with the Accounting Standards notified by Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, (as amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based upon management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from these estimates.

2. Accounting for Construction Division

Revenue from sale of properties under construction is recognized on the basis of actual bookings done (provided the significant risk and rewards have been transferred to the buyer and there is reasonable certainty of realization of proceeds) proportionate to the percentage of physical completion of construction / development work certified by the Architect.

3. Revenue Recognition

a. Revenue is recognized when the substantial risks and rewards of ownership is transferred to the buyer on dispatch of goods.

b. Interest income is recognized on time proportionate basis.

c. Dividend income from investments is recognized when the right to receive the dividend is established.

d. Claims and damages are accounted as and when they are finalized.

4. Fixed Assets

All Fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses if any. The cost of fixed assets includes taxes and duties (other than those subsequently recoverable from respective authorities), freight and other incidental expenses related to acquisition and installation of respective assets.

5. Depreciation

a. Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided on Straight Line Method based on the useful life of the assets estimated by the management which is as per the rate prescribed in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.

b. Depreciation on addition / deletion is provided pro-rata basis with reference to the date of addition / deletion as the case may be.

c Individual assets acquired for less than Rs. 5,000/- are depreciated fully in the year of acquisition.

6. Impairment of Assets

a. The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed by the management at each balance sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal / external factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of assets exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is greater of asset''s net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to there present value at the weighted average cost of capital.

b. After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life. A previously recognized impairment loss is increased or reversed depending upon changes in circumstances. However the carrying value after reversal is not increased beyond the carrying value that would have prevailed by charging usual depreciation if there was no impairment.

7. Excise Duty

Excise duty, if applicable, has been accounted on the basis of payment made in respect of finished goods cleared. No provision is made for the finished good lying in bonded warehouse.

8. Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

The gain or loss arising out of settlement / translation of the assets and the liabilities at the closing rates due to exchange fluctuations is recognized as income / expenditure in the profit and loss account.

9. Investments

Investments that are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than a year are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments.

Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognize a decline other than temporary in the value of the investments.

10. Valuation of Inventories

a. Raw Material and Stores & Spares are valued at cost (on "first in first out basis") or market value whichever is lower.

b. Stocks in transit are valued at cost or market value whichever is lower.

c. Finished goods are valued at cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower.

d. Inventories of traded goods are valued at cost.

11. Employee''s Benefits

Long Term Employee Benefits

a. Defined Contribution Plan

The company has Defined Contribution plans for post employment benefits namely Provident Fund. Under the provident Fund Plan, the company contributes to a Government administered provident fund on behalf of its employees.

The Company''s contributions to the above funds are charged to revenue every year.

b. Defined Benefit Plans

The Company''s liabilities towards gratuity and leave encashment are determined using the projected unit credit method as at the balance sheet date. Actuarial gains / losses are recognized immediately in the profit and loss account. Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial valuations.

12. Borrowing Cost

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.

13. Segment Reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the company. Segment assets include all operating assets used by the business segments and consist principally of fixed assets, debtors and inventories. Segment liabilities include the operating liabilities that result from the operating activities of the business. Segment assets and liabilities that cannot be allocated between the segments are shown as part of unallocated assets and liabilities respectively. Income / Expenses relating to the enterprise as a whole and not allocable on a reasonable basis to business segments are reflected as unallocated income / expenses.

14. Earning per Share (EPS)

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting attributable taxes) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year .

15. Provision for Current and Deferred Tax

a. Provision for the current tax is made after taking into considering benefits admissible under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

b. Deferred Tax charge or credit reflects the tax effects of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the period. The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognized using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is reasonable certainty that the assets can be realized in future. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date and is written down or written up to reflect the amount that is reasonably or virtually certain, as the case may be, to be realized.

16. Provisions

A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

17. Contingent Liabilities

Contingent liabilities, if any are disclosed in the notes on accounts. Provision is made in the accounts in respect of those contingencies which are likely to materialize into liabilities after the year end till the approval of the accounts by the board of directors and which have material effect on the position stated in the balance sheet.


Mar 31, 2012

1. Basis of Accounting :

The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material respects with the Accounting Standards notified by Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, (as amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis.

Use of Estimates :

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period.Although these estimates are based upon management's best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from these estimates.

2. Accounting for Construction Division :

Revenue from sale of properties under construction is recognized on the basis of actual bookings done (provided the significant risk and rewards have been transferred to the buyer and there is reasonable certainty of realization of proceeds) proportionate to the percentage of physical completion of construction / development work certified by the Architect.

3. Revenue Recognition :

a) Revenue is recognized when the substantial risks and rewards of ownership is transferred to the buyer on dispatch of goods.

b) Interest income is recognized on time proportionate basis.

c) Dividend income from investments is recognized when the right to receive the dividend is established.

d) Claims and damages are accounted as and when they are finalized.

4. Fixed Assets :

All Fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses if any. The cost of fixed assets includes taxes and duties (other than those subsequently recoverable from respective authorities), freight and other incidental expenses related to acquisition and installation of respective assets.

5. Depreciation:

a. Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided on Straight Line Method based on the useful life of the assets estimated by the management which is as per the rate prescribed in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.

b. Depreciation on addition / deletion is provided pro-rata basis with reference to the date of addition / deletion as the case may be.

c Individual assets acquired for less than Rs. 5000/- are depreciated fully in the year of acquisition.

6. Impairment of Assets :

a. The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed by the management at each balance sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal / external factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of assets exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is greater of asset's net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to there present value at the weighted average cost of capital.

b. After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life. A previously recognized impairment loss is increased or reversed depending upon changes in circumstances. However the carrying value after reversal is not increased beyond the carrying value that would have prevailed by charging usual depreciation if there was no impairment.

7. Excise Duty :

Excise duty, if applicable, has been accounted on the basis of payment made in respect of finished goods cleared. No provision is made for the finished good lying in bonded warehouse.

8. Foreign Currency Transactions :

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

The gain or loss arising out of settlement / translation of the assets and the liabilities at the closing rates due to exchange fluctuations is recognized as income / expenditure in the profit and loss account.

9. Investments :

Investments that are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than a year are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments.

Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognize a decline other than temporary in the value of the investments.

10. Valuation of Inventories :

a. Raw Material and Stores & Spares are valued at cost ( on "first in first out basis" ) or market value whichever is lower.

b. Stocks in transit are valued at cost or market value whichever is lower.

c. Finished goods are valued at cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower.

11. Employee's Benefits :

Long Term Employee Benefits :

a. Defined Contribution Plan :

The company has Defined Contribution plans for post employment benefits namely Provident Fund. Under the provident Fund Plan, the company contributes to a Government administered provident fund on behalf of its employees.

The Company's contributions to the above funds are charged to revenue every year.

b. Defined Benefit Plans :

The Company's liabilities towards gratuity and leave encashment are determined using the projected unit credit method as at the balance sheet date. Actuarial gains / losses are recognized immediately in the profit and loss account. Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial valuations.

12. Borrowing Cost :

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.

13. Segment Reporting :

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the company. Segment assets include all operating assets used by the business segments and consist principally of fixed assets, debtors and inventories. Segment liabilities include the operating liabilities that result from the operating activities of the business. Segment assets and liabilities that cannot be allocated between the segments are shown as part of unallocated assets and liabilities respectively. Income / Expenses relating to the enterprise as a whole and not allocable on a reasonable basis to business segments are reflected as unallocated income / expenses.

14. Earning per Share (EPS) :

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting attributable taxes) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

15. Provision for Current and Deferred Tax :

a. Provision for the current tax is made after taking into considering benefits admissible under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

b. Deferred Tax charge or credit reflects the tax effects of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the period. The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax liabilities or assets are recognized using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is reasonable certainty that the assets can be realized in future. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date and is written down or written up to reflect the amount that is reasonably or virtually certain, as the case may be, to be realized.

16. Provisions :

A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

17. Contingent Liabilities :

Contingent liabilities, if any are disclosed in the notes on accounts. Provision is made in the accounts in respect of those contingencies which are likely to materialize into liabilities after the year end till the approval of the accounts by the board of directors and which have material effect on the position stated in the balance sheet.


Mar 31, 2010

1. Basis of Accounting.:

The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material respects with the Accounting Standards notified by Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2KJ6, (as amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act. 1956. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis. Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based upon managements best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from these estimates.

2. Accounting for Construction Division :

Revenue from sale of properties under construction is recognized on the basis of actual bookings done (.provided the significant risk and rewards have been transferred to the buyer and there is reasonable certainty of realization of proceeds) proportionate to the percentage of physical completion of construction /development work certified by the Architect.

3. Revenue Recognition:

a. Revenue is recognized when the substantial risks and rewards of ownership is transferred to the buyer on dispatch of goods.

b. Interest income is recognized on time proportionate basis.

c. Dividend income from investments is recognized when the right to receive the dividend is established .

d. Claims and damages are accounted as and when they are finalized.

4. Fixed Assets:

All Fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses if any. The cost of fixed assets includes taxes and duties (other than those subsequently recoverable from respective authorities). freight and other incidental expenses related to acquisition and installation of respective assets.

5. Depreciation:

a. Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided on Straight Line Method based on the useful life of the assets estimated by the management which is as per the rate prescribed in Schedule XIV of the Comparries Act, 19.56.

b. Depreciation on addition / deletion is provided pro-rata basis with reference to the date of addition / deletion as the case may be.

c Individual assets acquired for less than Rs. 5000/- are depreciated fully in the year of acquisition.

6. Impairment of Assets :

a. The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed by the management at each balance sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal / external factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of assets exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is greater of assets net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use. the estimated future cash Hows are discounted to there present value at the weighted average cost of capital.

b. After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life. A previously recognized impairment loss is increased or reversed depending upon changes in circumstances. However the carrying value after reversal is not increased beyond the carrying value that would have prevailed by charging usual depreciation if there was rib impairment.

7. Excise Duty :

Excise duty, if applicable, has been accounted on the basis of payment made in respect of finished goods cleared. No provision is made for the finished good lying in bonded warehouse.

8. Foreign Currency Transactions :

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

The gain or loss arising out of settlement / translation of the assets and the liabilities at the closing rates due to exchange fluctuations is recognized as income / expenditure in the profit and loss account.

9. Investments:

Investments that are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than a year are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments.

Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognize a decline other than temporary in the value of the investments.

10. Valuation of Inventories :

a. Raw Material and Stores & Spares are valued at cost (on "first in first out basis" ) or market value whichever is lower.

b. Slocks in transit are valued at cost or market value whichever is lower.

c. Finished goods are valued at cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower.

11. Employees Benefits:

Long Term Employee Benefits :.

a. Defined Contribution Plan :

The company has Defined Contribution plans for post employment benefits namely Provident Fund. Under the provident Fund Plan, the company contributes to a Government administered provident fund on behalf of its employees.

The Companys contributions to the above funds are charged to revenue every year.

b. Defined Benefit Plans :

The Companys liabilities towards gratuity and leave encashment are determined using the projected unit credit method as at the balance sheet date. Actuarial gains / losses are recognized immediately in the profit and loss account. Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial valuations.

12. Borrowing Cost:

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the respecti ve asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.

13. Segment Reporting:

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the company. Segment assets include all operating assets used by the business segments and consist principally of fixed assets. debtors and inventories. Segment liabilities include the operating liabilities that result from the operating activities of the business. Segment assets and liabilities that cannot be allocated between the segments are shown as part of unallocated assets and liabilities respectively. Income / Expenses relating to the enterprise as a whole and not allocable on a reasonable basis to business segments are reflected as unallocated income / expenses.

14. Earning per Share (EPS):

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting attributable taxes) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

15 Provision for Current and Deferred Tax:

Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax. Current income tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India. Deferred income taxes reflects the, impact of current year timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years.

Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current lax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to the taxes on income levied by same governing taxation laws. Deferred lax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized. In situations where the company has ¦ unubsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realized against future taxable profits.

At each balance sheet date the Company re-assesses unrecognized deferred tax assets. It recognizes unrecognized deferred tax assets to the extent that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date. The company writes-down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, thai sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

16. Provisions:

A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made/Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet dale and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

17. Contingent Liabilities :

Contingent liabilities, if any are disclosed in the notes on accounts. Provision is made in the accounts in respect of those contingencies which are likely to materialize into liabilities after the year end till the approval of the accounts by the board of directors and which have material effect on the position stated in the balance sheet. B.

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