Mar 31, 2023
amount is the higher of an assetâs or Cash Generating Units (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. It is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent to those from other assets or groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.
In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less cost of disposal, recent market transactions are taken into account. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used. These calculations are corroborated by valuation multiples or other available fair value indicators.
2. Recoverability of Receivables
The Management makes estimates related to the recoverability of receivables, whose book values are adjusted through an allowance for Expected losses/ Provision for Doubtful debts. Management specifically analyses accounts receivable, customersâ creditworthiness, current economic trends and changes in customerâs collection terms when assessing the adequate allowance for Expected losses/ Provision for Doubtful debts, which are estimated over the lifetime of the debts.
3. Recognition and measurement of Provisions and Contingencies
Provisions and liabilities are recognised in the year when it becomes probable that there will be a future outflow of funds resulting from past operations or events and the amount of cash outflow can be reliably estimated. The timing of recognition and quantification of the liability require the application of judgement to existing facts and circumstances, which can be subject to change. Since the cash outflows can take place many years in the future, the carrying amounts of provisions and liabilities are reviewed regularly and adjusted to take account of changing facts and circumstances.
Contingencies
In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigation, taxation and other claims against the Company. Where it is managementâs assessment that the outcome cannot be reliably
Note 1-21. Corporate Information
Patanjali Foods Limited (Formerly known as Ruchi Soya Industries Limited) (âthe Company5) is a Public Limited Company engaged primarily in the business of processing of oil-seeds, refining of crude oil for edible use, production of oil meal, food products from soya and value added products from downstream and upstream processing. The Company is also engaged in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods ("FMCG") and Fast-Moving Health Goods ("FMHG") business comprising mainly of food, biscuits and nutraceutical products. The Company is also engaged in generation of power from wind energy and trading in various products. The Company has manufacturing plants across India and is listed on the BSE Limited and National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE). The Companyâs registered office is at 616, Tulsiani Chambers, Nariman Point, Mumbai â 400021, Maharashtra.
2. Basis of Preparation and Significant Accounting Policies(A) Basis of Preparation
The financial statement of the Company have been prepared to comply with Indian Accounting Standard including the rules notified under the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013, as amended from time to time and presentation and disclosures requirements of Division II of Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013, (Ind AS Compliant Schedule III) as amended from time to time.
The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors of the Company in their meeting held on May 30, 2023.
These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (H), which is the Companyâs functional currency. All amounts have been rounded to the nearest lakh, unless otherwise indicated.
c. Basis of Measurement
These financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost convention basis, except for the following:
(i) Certain financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value.
(ii) Assets held for sale- Measured at the lower of (a) carrying amount and (b) fair value less cost to sell.
(iii) Net defined benefit plans- Plan assets measured at fair value less present value of defined benefit obligation.
While measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses observable market data as far as possible. Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows.
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).
Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorised in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Ind AS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of these financial statements.
These judgments and estimates are based on managementâs best knowledge of the relevant facts and circumstances, having regard to previous experience, but actual results may differ materially from the amounts included in the financial statements.
Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised and future periods affected.
The information about significant areas of estimation uncertainty and critical judgments in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements are as given below:-
The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the assetâs recoverable amount. An assetâs recoverable
quantified or is uncertain, the claims are disclosed as contingent liabilities unless the likelihood of an adverse outcome is remote. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not provided for in the financial statements. When considering the classification of legal or tax cases as probable, possible or remote, there is judgement involved. Although there can be no assurance regarding the final outcome of the legal proceedings, the Company does not expect them to have a materially adverse impact on the Companyâs financial position.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for deductible temporary differences. The Company uses judgements to determine the amount of deferred tax that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and level of future taxable profits & business developments.
The Cost of the defined benefit plan and other postemployment benefits and the present value of such obligation are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, mortality rates and attrition rate. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.
The impairment provisions for financial assets are based on assumptions about risk of default and expected cash loss. The Company uses judgement in making these assumptions and selecting the inputs to the impairment calculation, based on Companyâs past history, existing market conditions as well as forward looking estimates at the end of each reporting year.
There are transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain and would get finalised on completion of assessment by tax authorities. Where the final tax outcome is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the income tax and deferred tax in the year in which such determination is made.
8. Depreciation / Amortisation and useful lives of Property Plant and Equipment (PPE) / Intangible Assets
PPE / intangible assets are depreciated / amortised over their estimated useful lives, after taking into account estimated residual value. Management reviews the estimated useful lives and residual values of the assets annually in order to determine the amount of depreciation to be recorded during any reporting period. The useful lives and residual values are based on the Companyâs historical experience with similar assets and take into account anticipated technological changes. The depreciation /amortisation for future periods are revised if there are significant changes from previous estimates.
The Company evaluates if an arrangement qualifies to be a lease as per the requirement of IND AS 116. Identification of a lease requires significant judgement. The Company uses significant judgement in assessing the lease term (including anticipated renewals) and the applicable discount rate.
The Company determines the lease term as the noncancellable period of a lease, together with both periods covered by an option to extend the lease if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise that option; and periods covered by an option to terminate the lease if the Company is reasonably certain not to exercise that option. In assessing whether the Company is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend a lease, or not to exercise an option to terminate a lease, it considers all relevant facts and circumstances that create an economic incentive for the Company to exercise the option to extend the lease, or not to exercise the option to terminate the lease. The Company revises the lease term if there is a change in the non-cancellable period of a lease. The discount rate is generally based on the general borrowing rate.
e. Current and non-current classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in statement of financial position based on current/ non-current classification. The Company has presented non-current assets and current assets before equity, non-current liabilities and current liabilities in accordance with Schedule III, Division II of Companies Act, 2013 notified by MCA.
An asset is classified as current when it is:
(a) Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle,
(b) Held primarily for the purpose of trading,
(c) Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting year, or
(d) Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting year.
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is classified as current when it is:
(a) Expected to be settled in normal operating cycle,
(b) Held primarily for the purpose of trading,
(c) Due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting year, or
(d) There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting year.
The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.
The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as noncurrent assets and liabilities. The Company has identified twelve months as its normal operating cycle.
(B) Significant Accounting Policies
a. Property, Plant and Equipment:
(i) Recognition and measurement
Property, Plant and equipment are measured at cost (which includes capitalised borrowing costs) less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment comprises:
a) its purchase price, including import duties and nonrefundable purchase taxes, after deducting trade discounts and rebates.
b) any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by the management.
c) the initial estimate of the costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located.
If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment and depreciated accordingly.
Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in Statement of profit and loss.
Capital work-in-progress includes cost of property, plant and equipment under installation/under development as at the balance sheet date. Expenditure related to and incurred during the implementation of the capital project to get the assets ready for intended use is included under Capital Work in Progress. The same are allocated to the respective items of Property, Plant & Equipment on completion of construction/erection of capital project/Property, Plant & Equipment.
Leasehold lands are amortised over the period of lease. Buildings constructed on leasehold land are depreciated based on the useful life specified in schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, where the lease period of land is beyond the life of the building. In other cases, buildings constructed on leasehold lands are amortised over the primary lease period of the lands.
(ii) On transition to Ind AS as on April 1, 2015 the Company has elected to measure certain items of Property, Plant and Equipment [Freehold Land, Building and Plant and Equipmentâs] at Fair Value and for other Property, Plant and Equipment these are measured at cost as per Ind AS. The same are considered as deemed cost on the date of transition to Ind AS.
(iii) Subsequent expenditure
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company.
(iv) Depreciation, Estimated useful life and Estimated residual value
Depreciation is calculated using the Straight Line Method, pro rata to the period of use, taking into account useful lives and residual value of the assets. The useful life of assets & the estimated residual value, which are different from those prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, are based on technical advice as under:
Assets |
Estimated useful life EstimatedT , Residual Value |
|
Plant & Equipment |
As per Schedule II 3 to 25 Percent |
|
Windmills |
30 years |
19 Percent |
The useful life of asset acquired as a part of business acquisition which are different from those prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, are as follows:- |
||
Assets |
Estimated useful life |
|
Building |
2 to 30 Years |
|
Plant & Equipment |
1 to 15 Years |
|
Office Equipment |
1 to 6 Years |
|
Furniture & Fixtures |
1 to 10 Years |
Depreciation is computed with reference to cost. Depreciation on additions during the year is provided on pro rata basis with reference to month of addition/ installation. Depreciation on assets disposed/discarded is charged up to the date of sale excluding the month in which such assets are sold.
The assets residual value and useful life are reviewed and adjusted, if appropriate, at the end of each reporting year. Gains and losses on disposal are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amounts. These are included in the statement of Profit and Loss.
b. Intangible Assets
Identifiable intangible assets are recognised when it is probable that future economic benefits attributed to the asset will flow to the Company and the cost of the asset can be reliably measured.
Intangible Assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation & accumulated impairment, if any.
Intangible Assets that Company controls and from which it expect future economic benefits are capitalised and measured initially; (a) for assets acquired in Business combinations i.e. customer relationship, non-compete agreement at fair value on the date of acquisition; (b) for separating acquired assets at cost comprising the purchase price and directly attributable cost to prepare the assets for its intended use.
Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.
(i) Recognition and measurement
Computer software''s have finite useful lives and are measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.
Acquired brands / Trademarks have indefinite useful life and as on transition date April 1, 2015 have been Fair valued based on reports of expert valuer, which is considered as deemed cost on transition to Ind AS. The same are tested for impairment by comparing its recoverable amount with its carrying amount annually and whenever there is an indication that it may be impaired.
(ii) Subsequent expenditure
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure, including expenditure on internally generated goodwill and brands, when incurred is recognised in statement of profit and loss.
Intangible Assets having finite lives are amortised and amortisation is calculated to write off the cost of intangible assets less their estimated residual values using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives
and is generally recognised in statement of profit and loss. Computer software are amortised over their estimated useful life or 5 years, whichever is lower. The contract manufacturing rights and non compete agreement are amortised over the five years and customer relationship is amortised over the four years.
Amortisation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted, if required.
All Intangible Assets are tested for impairment whenever there is an indication of impairment.
An asset is considered as impaired when at the date of Balance Sheet, there are indications of impairment and the carrying amount of the asset, or where applicable, the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs, exceeds its recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of the net asset selling price and value in use).The carrying amount is reduced to the recoverable amount and the reduction is recognised as an impairment loss in the statement of profit and loss. The impairment loss recognised in the prior accounting period is reversed if there has been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount. Post impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying value of the impaired asset over its remaining useful life.
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one Company and a financial liability or equity instrument of another Company. Financial instruments also include derivative contracts such as foreign currency foreign exchange forward contracts, interest rate swaps and currency options.
Initial recognition and measurement
All financial assets are initially recognised at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets, which are not at fair value through profit and loss, are adjusted to the fair value on initial recognition. Trade Receivables that do not contain a significant financing component are measured at transaction price.
Subsequent Measurement
Financial Assets measured at Amortised Cost (AC)
A Financial Asset is measured at Amortised Cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the Financial Asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that represent solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
A Financial Asset is measured at FVTOCI if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling Financial Assets and the contractual terms of the Financial Asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that represents solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Financial Assets measured at Fair Value Through Profit and Loss (FVTPL)
A Financial Asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are measured at FVTPL. Financial assets are reclassified subsequent to their recognition, if the Company changes its business model for managing those financial assets. Changes in business model are made and applied prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of immediately next reporting period following the changes in business model in accordance with principles laid down under Ind AS 109 â Financial Instruments.
In Equity instruments
â For subsidiaries , associates and Joint ventures -Investments are measured at cost and tested for impairment periodically. Impairment (if any) is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
â For Other than subsidiaries , associates and Joint venture - Investments are measured at Fair value through Other Comprehensive Income [FVTOCI].
In Mutual fund
Measured at Fair value through Profit and Loss (FVTPL). Debt instruments
The Company measures the debt instruments at Amortised Cost. Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payment of principal and interest [SPPI] are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at amortised cost and is not part of the hedging relationship, is recognised in statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in finance income using the Effective interest rate method.
Derecognition of financial assets
The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to cash flows from the asset expire, or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows on the financial asset in a transaction in which substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred.
In accordance with Ind-AS 109, the Company applies Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial asset and credit risk exposure:
a) Financial assets that are debt instruments and are measured at amortised cost e.g., loans, debt securities, deposits, and bank balance.
b) Trade receivables
The Company follows âsimplified approachâ for recognition of impairment loss allowance on:
â Trade receivables which do not contain a significant financing component.
The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.
â For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. Expected Credit Loss Model is used to provide for impairment loss.
(ii) Financial liabilities
Classification
The Company classifies its financial liabilities in the following measurement categories:
â those to be measured subsequently at fair value through profit and loss-[FVTPL]; and
â those measured at amortised cost. [AC]
The classification depends on the Companyâs business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.
Initial recognition and measurement
Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss or at amortised cost.
All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.
The Companyâs financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts, financial guarantee contracts and derivative financial instruments.
Subsequent measurement
Financial liabilities are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method. For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the balance sheet date, the carrying amounts are approximate at their fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss [FVTPL]
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss [FVTPL] include financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit and loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind-AS 109. Separated embedded derivatives are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments.
Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit and loss are designated at the initial date of recognition, only if the criteria in Ind-AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognised in OCI. These gains/loss are not subsequently transferred to statement of profit and loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Loans and borrowings
Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in statement of profit and loss over the period of borrowings using the effective interest method. Processing/Upfront fee are treated as prepaid asset netted of from borrowings. The same is amortised over the period of the facility to which it relates.
After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Gains and losses are recognised in statement of profit and loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process.
Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.
This category generally applies to interest-bearing loans and borrowings.
Borrowings are derecognised from the balance sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expired. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability that has been extinguished or transferred to another party and the consideration paid including any non cash assets transferred or liability assumed, is recognised in Statement of profit and loss as other gains or (losses).
Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer the settlement of liabilities for at least twelve months after the reporting year.
Where there is a breach of a material provision of a long term loan arrangement on or before the end of the reporting period with the effect that the liability becomes payable on demand on the reporting date, the same is classified as current unless the lender agreed, after the reporting year and before the approval of financial statements for issue, not to demand payment as a consequence of the breach.
Trade and other payable
These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid at the year end. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting year. They are recognised initially at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
Derecognition
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Offsetting of financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.
Derivative financial instruments
The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts, futures, interest rate swaps, forward commodity contracts and other derivative financial instruments to hedge its foreign currency risks, interest rate risks and commodity price risks respectively. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative. Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of commodity contracts are recognised in the statement of profit and loss under the head "cost of material consumed".
Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivatives are taken directly to statement of profit and loss, except for the effective portion of cash flow hedges, which is recognised in OCI and later reclassified to statement of profit and loss when the hedge item affects profit or loss or treated as basis adjustment if a hedged forecast transaction subsequently results in the recognition of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability.
For the purpose of hedge accounting, hedges are classified as:
⢠Fair value hedges when hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognised asset or liability or an unrecognised firm commitment;
⢠Cash flow hedges when hedging the exposure to variability in cash flows that is either attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognised asset or liability or a highly probable forecast transaction or the foreign currency risk in an unrecognised firm commitment.
Hedges that meet the criteria for hedge accounting are accounted for as follows:
Changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as fair value hedges are recognised in statement of profit and loss immediately, together with any changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk. When an unrecognised firm commitment is designated as a hedged item, the subsequent cumulative change in the fair value of the firm commitment attributable to the hedged risk is recognised as an asset or liability with a corresponding gain or loss recognised in statement of profit and loss. Hedge accounting is discontinued when
the Company revokes the hedge relationship, the hedging instrument or hedged item expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised or no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting.
The effective portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognised in OCI in the cash flow hedge reserve, while any ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss. Amounts recognised in OCI are transferred to statement of profit and loss when the hedged transaction affects profit or loss. If the hedging relationship no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, then hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively. If the hedging instrument expires or is sold or terminated or exercised, the cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in cash flow hedging reserve till the period the hedge was effective remains in cash flow hedging reserve until the underlying transaction occurs. The cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in the cash flow hedging reserve is transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss upon the occurrence of the underlying transaction.
Financial guarantee contracts issued by the Company are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified debtor fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognised initially as a liability at fair value, adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of loss allowance determined and the amount recognised less cumulative amortisation.
Inventories comprises of Raw material, finished goods, packing material, By products and other stores, spares & consumables.
Inventory of Raw material and finished goods are carried at the lower of the cost and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses where considered necessary. Inventory of By products are carried at net realisable value, while all the other inventories are carried at cost.
Cost of Raw material comprises all cost of purchase and other cost incurred in bringing inventories to their present location and condition. Cost of finished goods comprises of cost of raw material, labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads.
Cost is determined using the moving weighted average cost method, while the net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less estimated cost of completion and cost necessary to make the sale.
f. Cash and Cash Equivalent
For the purpose of presentation in the statement of the cash flows, cash and cash equivalent includes the cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions other short term, highly liquid investments with original maturity of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.
g. Contributed Equity
Equity shares are classified as equity. Incidental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds.
h. Dividends
Annual dividend distribution to the shareholders is recognised as a liability in the period in which the dividends are approved by the shareholders. Any interim dividend paid is recognised on approval by Board of Directors. Dividend payable is recognised directly in other equity.
i. Earnings Per Share
(i) Basic earnings per share
Basic earnings per shares is calculated by dividing Profit/ (Loss) attributable to equity holders (adjusted for amounts directly charged to Reserves) before/after Exceptional Items (net of tax) by Weighted average number of Equity shares, (excluding treasury shares).
(ii) Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per shares is calculated by dividing Profit/(Loss) attributable to equity holders (adjusted for amounts directly charged to Reserves) before/after Exceptional Items (net of tax) by Weighted average number of Equity shares (excluding treasury shares) considered for basic earning per shares including dilutive potential Equity shares.
(i) Foreign currency transactions
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currencies of the Company at the exchange rate prevailing at the date of the transactions. Monetary assets (other then investments in companies registered outside India) and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate at the reporting date.
Investments in companies registered outside India are converted at rate prevailing at the date of acquisition. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary items that are measured based on historical cost in a foreign currency are not translated.
Difference on account of changes in foreign currency are generally charged to the statement of profit & loss except the following:
The Company has availed the exemption available under Para D13AA of Ind AS - 101 of "First time adoption of Indian Accounting Standards". Accordingly, exchange gains and losses on foreign currency borrowings taken prior to April 1, 2016 which are related to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are adjusted in the carrying cost of such asset.
The Company derives revenues primarily from sale of manufactured goods, traded goods and related services. The Company also derives revenue from power generation through wind energy.
Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when control of the goods or services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Generally, control is transfer upon shipment of goods to the customer or when the goods is made available to the customer, provided transfer of title to the customer occurs and the Company has not retained any significant risks of ownership or future obligations with respect to the goods shipped.
Revenue towards satisfaction of a performance obligation is measured at the amount of transaction price (Net of variable consideration) allocated to that performance obligation. The transaction price of goods sold & services rendered is net of variable consideration on account of various discounts, rebates and claim, scheme offered by the Company as part of the contract.
Revenue from rendering of services is recognised over the time by measuring the progress towards complete satisfaction of performance obligations at the reporting period.
Revenue is measured at the amount of consideration which the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for transferring distinct goods or services to a customer as specified in the contract, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties (for example taxes and duties collected on behalf of the government). Consideration is generally due upon satisfaction of performance obligations and receivable is recognised when it becomes unconditional.
The Company does not have any contracts where the period between the transfer of the promised goods or services to the customer and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, it does not adjust any of the transaction prices for the time value of money.
Contract balances
Trade receivables
A receivable represents the Companyâs right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional.
Contract liabilities
A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Company transfers goods or services to the customer, a contract liability is recognised when the payment is made. Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the Company performs under the contract.
(ii) Other Operating Revenue
Income from plant usages is recognised on the basis of contractual agreement. Income from sale of wind power is recognised on the basis of units wheeled during the period. Incomes from carbon credits are recognised on credit of Carbon Emission Reduction (CER) by the approving authority in the manner in which it is unconditionally available to the generating Company. Gain/loss on contracts settlements of purchases and sales are accounted in the statement of profit and loss.
Other income is comprised primarily of interest income, dividend income, gain/loss on investments and gain/loss on foreign exchange and on translation of other assets and liabilities. Interest income is recognised using the effective interest method. Claims for export incentives/ duty drawbacks, duty refunds and insurance are accounted when the right to receive payment is established. Incentives on exports and other Government incentives related to operations are recognised in the statement of profit and loss after due consideration of certainty of utilisation/
receipt of such incentives. Revenue from insurance claims are accounted for in the year when recovery can be ascertained with reasonable certainty or are accounted for on actual receipts basis in case of uncertainty. Rental income arising from operating leases is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the lease terms and is included in other income.
(i) Grants from the Government are recognised at their fair value where there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the Company will comply with all the attached conditions.
(ii) Government grant relating to purchase of Property, Plant and Equipment are included in "Other current/ non-current liabilitiesââ as Government Grant - Deferred Income and are credited to statement of profit and loss on a straight line basis over the expected life of the related asset and presented within ââOther operating Incomeââ.
m. Employee Benefits
(i) During Employment benefits
(a) Short term employee benefits
Short-term employee benefits are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably.
(ii) Post Employment benefits
(a) Defined contribution plans
A defined contribution plan is a post employment benefit plan under which a Company pays fixed contribution into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. The Company makes specified monthly contributions towards government administered Provident Fund scheme.
Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plans are expensed as the related service is provided. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in future payments is available.
(b) Defined benefit plans
The Company pays gratuity to the employees who have has completed five years of service with the company at the time when employee leaves the Company.
The gratuity liability amount is contributed to the approved gratuity fund formed exclusively for gratuity payment to the employees.
The liability in respect of gratuity and other postemployment benefits is calculated using the Projected Unit Credit Method and spread over the periods during which the benefit is expected to be derived from employees'' services.
Re-measurement of defined benefit plans in respect of post employment are charged to Other Comprehensive Income.
(c) Employee separation cost
The Company recognises the employee separation cost when the scheme is announced and the Company is demonstrably committed to it.
n. Income Taxes
Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in statement of profit and loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in the other comprehensive income or in equity. In which case, the tax is also recognised in the other comprehensive income or in equity.
(i) Current tax
Current tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities, based on tax rates and laws that are enacted or subsequently enacted at the Balance sheet date.
Current tax assets and liabilities are offset only if, the Company:
a) has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts; and
b) intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Current tax provision is computed for income calculated after considering allowances and exemptions under the provisions of the applicable Income Tax Laws. Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are off set, and presented as net.
(ii) Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit.
Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting year. The carrying amount of Deferred tax liabilities and assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting year. Deferred tax is recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which they can be used.
Contingent assets are not recognised. However, when the realisation of income is virtually certain, then the related asset is no longer a contingent asset, but it is recognised as an asset.
s. Segment Reporting
An operating segment is a component of the Company that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the companyâs chief operating decision maker to make decisions for which discrete financial information is available. Based on the management approach as defined in Ind AS 108, the chief operating decision maker evaluates the Companyâs performance and allocates resources based on an analysis of various performance indicators by business segments and geographic segments.
t. Biological Assets
Biological Assets are measured at fair value less costs to sell, with any changes therein recognised in the Statement of Profit & Loss.
u. Fair Value Measurement:
The Company measures financial instruments at fair value at each balance sheet date.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:
a) In the principal market for the asset or liability, or
b) In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.
A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participantâs ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs. All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy.
The measurement of deferred tax reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if:
a) the Company has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities; and
b) the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority on the same taxable Company.
General and specific Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are capitalised as part of the cost of that asset till the date it is ready for its intended use or sale. Other borrowing costs are recognised as an expense in the year in which they are incurred.
Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing cost eligible for capitalisation. All other borrowing costs are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the year for which they are incurred.
The Company, as a lessee, recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for its leasing arrangements, if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset. The contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, if it involves the use of an identified asset and the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset and has right to direct the use of the identified asset. The cost of the right-of-use asset shall comprise of the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date plus any initial direct costs incurred. The right-of-use assets is subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation, accumulated impairment losses, if any and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. The right-of-use assets is depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life of right-of-use asset. The Company measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date of the lease. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate can be readily determined. If that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company uses
incremental borrowing rate. For short-term and low value leases, the Company recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Company as a lessor :- Leases for which the Company is a lessor is classified as finance or operating lease. Whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risk & rewards of the ownership to the lessee, the contract is classified as a finance lease. All other leases are classified as operating leases.
For operating lease, rental income is recognised on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease.
Non-current assets are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when a sale is highly probable from the date of classification, management are committed to the sale and the asset is available for immediate sale in its present condition. Non-current assets are classified as held for sale from the date these conditions are met and are measured at the lower of carrying amount and fair value less cost to sell. Any resulting impairment loss is recognised in the Statements of Profit and Loss as a separate line item. On classification as held for sale, the assets are no longer depreciated. Assets and liabilities classifi
Mar 31, 2022
1 CORPORATE INFORMATION
Ruchi Soya Industries Limited (âthe Company5) is a Public Limited Company engaged primarily in the business of processing of oil-seeds and refining of crude oil for edible use. The Company also produces oil meal, food products from soya, nutraceutical products, biscuits and value added products from downstream and upstream processing. The Company is also engaged in trading in various products and generation of power from wind energy. The Company has manufacturing plants across India and is listed on the BSE Limited and National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE). The Companyâs registered office is at Ruchi House, Royal Palms, Survey No. 169, Aarey Milk Colony, Near Mayur Nagar, Goregaon (E), Mumbai â 400065, Maharashtra.
2 BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES(A) BASIS OF PREPARATION
The financial statement of the Company have been prepared to comply with Indian Accounting Standard including the rules notified under the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013, as amended from time to time and presentation and disclosures requirements of Division II of Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013, (Ind AS Compliant Schedule III) as amended from time to time.
The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors of the Company in their meeting held on May 27, 2022.
These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (T), which is the Companyâs functional currency. All amounts have been rounded to the nearest lakh, unless otherwise indicated.
These financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost convention basis, except for the following:
(i) Certain financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value.
(ii) Assets held for sale- Measured at the lower of (a) carrying amount and (b) fair value less cost to sell.
(iii) Net defined benefit plans- Plan assets measured at fair value less present value of defined benefit obligation.
While measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses observable market data as far as possible. Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows.
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).
Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorised in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Ind AS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of these financial statements.
These judgments and estimates are based on managementâs best knowledge of the relevant facts and circumstances, having regard to previous experience, but actual results may differ materially from the amounts included in the financial statements.
Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised and future periods affected.
The information about significant areas of estimation uncertainty and critical judgments in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements are as given below:-
The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the assetâs recoverable amount. An assetâs recoverable amount is the higher of an assetâs or Cash Generating Units (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. It is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent to those from other assets or groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.
In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less cost of disposal, recent market transactions are taken into account. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used. These calculations are corroborated by valuation multiples or other available fair value indicators.
The Management makes estimates related to the recoverability of receivables, whose book values are adjusted through an allowance for Expected losses/ Provision for Doubtful debts. Management specifically analyses accounts receivable, customersâ creditworthiness, current economic trends and
changes in customerâs collection terms when assessing the adequate allowance for Expected losses/ Provision for Doubtful debts, which are estimated over the lifetime of the debts.
Provisions and liabilities are recognized in the year when it becomes probable that there will be a future outflow of funds resulting from past operations or events and the amount of cash outflow can be reliably estimated. The timing of recognition and quantification of the liability require the application of judgement to existing facts and circumstances, which can be subject to change. Since the cash outflows can take place many years in the future, the carrying amounts of provisions and liabilities are reviewed regularly and adjusted to take account of changing facts and circumstances.
In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigation, taxation and other claims against the Company. Where it is managementâs assessment that the outcome cannot be reliably quantified or is uncertain, the claims are disclosed as contingent liabilities unless the likelihood of an adverse outcome is remote. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not provided for in the financial statements. When considering the classification of legal or tax cases as probable, possible or remote, there is judgement involved. Although there can be no assurance regarding the final outcome of the legal proceedings, the Company does not expect them to have a materially adverse impact on the Companyâs financial position.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for deductible temporary differences. The Company uses judgements to determine the amount of deferred tax that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and level of future taxable profits & business developments.
The Cost of the defined benefit plan and other post-employment benefits and the present value of such obligation are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, mortality rates and attrition rate. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.
The impairment provisions for financial assets are based on assumptions about risk of default and expected cash loss. The Company uses judgement in making these assumptions and selecting the inputs to the impairment calculation, based on Companyâs past history, existing market conditions as well as forward looking estimates at the end of each reporting year.
There are transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain and would get finalized on completion of assessment by tax authorities. Where the final tax outcome is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the income tax and deferred tax in the year in which such determination is made.
8 Depreciation / Amortisation and useful lives of Property Plant and Equipment (PPE) / Intangible Assets
PPE / intangible assets are depreciated / amortised over their estimated useful lives, after taking into account estimated residual value. Management reviews the estimated useful lives and residual values of the assets annually in order to determine the amount of depreciation to be recorded during any
reporting period. The useful lives and residual values are based on the Companyâs historical experience with similar assets and take into account anticipated technological changes. The depreciation /amortisation for future periods are revised if there are significant changes from previous estimates.
The outbreak of corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic globally and in India is causing significant disturbance and slowdown of economic activity. In assessing the recoverability of Companyâs assets such as financial asset and non-financial assets, the Company has considered internal and external information. The Company has evaluated impact of this pandemic on its business operations and based on its review and current indicators of future economic conditions, there is no significant impact on its financial statements and the Company expects to recover the carrying amount of all the assets.
The Company presents assets and liabilities in statement of financial position based on current/ non-current classification. The Company has presented non-current assets and current assets before equity, non-current liabilities and current liabilities in accordance with Schedule III, Division II of Companies Act, 2013 notified by MCA.
(a) Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle,
(b) Held primarily for the purpose of trading,
(c) Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting year, or
(d) Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting year.
All other assets are classified as non-current.
(a) Expected to be settled in normal
operating cycle,
(b) Held primarily for the purpose of trading,
(c) Due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting year, or
(d) There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting year.
The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.
The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities. The Company has identified twelve months as its normal operating cycle.
(B) SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
a PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT:
(i) Recognition and measurement
Property, Plant and equipment are measured at cost (which includes capitalised borrowing costs) less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment comprises:
a) its purchase price, including import duties and non-refundable purchase taxes, after deducting trade discounts and rebates.
b) any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by the management.
c) the initial estimate of the costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located.
If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate
items (major components) of property, plant and equipment and depreciated accordingly.
Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in Statement of profit and loss.
Capital work-in-progress includes cost of property, plant and equipment under installation / under development as at the balance sheet date.
Leasehold lands are amortised over the period of lease. Buildings constructed on leasehold land are depreciated based on the useful life specified in schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, where the lease period of land is beyond the life of the building. In other cases, buildings constructed on leasehold lands are amortised over the primary lease period of the lands.
(ii) On transition to Ind AS as on April 1, 2015 the Company has elected to measure certain items of Property, Plant and Equipment [Freehold Land, Building and Plant and Equipmentâs] at Fair Value and for other Property, Plant and Equipment these are measure at cost as per Ind AS. The same are considered as deemed cost on the date of transition to Ind AS.
(iii) Subsequent expenditure
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company.
Depreciation is calculated using the Straight Line Method, pro rata to the period of use, taking into account useful lives and residual value of the assets. The useful life of assets & the estimated residual value, which are different from those prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, are based on technical advice as under:
Assets |
Estimated |
Estimated |
useful lifeâs |
Residual Value |
|
Plant & Equipmentâs |
5 to 40 years |
3 to 25 Percent |
Windmills |
30 years |
19 Percent |
Depreciation is computed with reference to cost. Depreciation on additions during the year is provided on pro rata basis with reference to month of addition/installation. Depreciation on assets disposed/discarded is charged up to the date of sale excluding the month in which such assets is sold.
The assets residual value and useful life are reviewed and adjusted, if appropriate, at the end of each reporting year. Gains and losses on disposal are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amounts. These are included in the statement of Profit and Loss.
Identifiable intangible assets are recognised when it is probable that future economic benefits attributed to the asset will flow to the Company and the cost of the asset can be reliably measured.
Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.
Computer softwareâs have finite useful lives and are measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.
Acquired brands / Trademarks have indefinite useful life and as on transition date April 1, 2015 have been Fair valued based on reports of expert valuer, which is considered as deemed cost on transition to Ind AS. The same are tested for impairment by comparing its recoverable amount with its carrying amount annually and whenever there is an indication that it may be impaired.
(ii) Subsequent expenditure
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure, including
expenditure on internally generated goodwill and brands, when incurred is recognised in statement of profit and loss.
Amortisation is calculated to write off the cost of intangible assets less their estimated residual values using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives and is generally recognised in statement of profit and loss. Computer software are amortised over their estimated useful life or 5 years, whichever is lower. The contract manufacturing rights are amortized over the five years.
Amortisation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted, if required.
An asset is considered as impaired when at the date of Balance Sheet, there are indications of impairment and the carrying amount of the asset, or where applicable, the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs, exceeds its recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of the net asset selling price and value in use).The carrying amount is reduced to the recoverable amount and the reduction is recognized as an impairment loss in the statement of profit and loss. The impairment loss recognized in the prior accounting period is reversed if there has been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount. Post impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying value of the impaired asset over its remaining useful life.
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one Company and a financial liability or equity instrument of another Company. Financial instruments also include derivative contracts such as foreign currency foreign exchange forward contracts, interest rate swaps and currency options.
(i) Financial assets
Initial recognition and measurement
AH financial assets are initially recognized at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets, which are not at fair value through profit and loss, are adjusted to the fair value on initial recognition. Financial assets are classified, at initial recognition, as financial assets measured at fair value or as financial assets measured at amortised cost.
A Financial Asset is measured at Amortised Cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the Financial Asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that represent solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
A Financial Asset is measured at FVTOCI if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling Financial Assets and the contractual terms of the Financial Asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that represents solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
A Financial Asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are measured at FVTPL. Financial assets are reclassified subsequent to their recognition, if the Company changes its business model for managing those financial assets. Changes in business model are made and applied prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of immediately next reporting period following the changes in business model in accordance with principles laid down under Ind AS 109 â Financial Instruments.
â For subsidiaries, associates and Joint ventures - Investments are measured at cost and tested for impairment periodically. Impairment(if any)ischarged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
â For Other than subsidiaries , associates and Joint venture - Investments are measured at Fair value through Other Comprehensive Income [FVTOCI].
Measured at Fair value through Profit and Loss (FVTPL).
The Company measures the debt instruments at Amortised Cost. Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payment of principal and interest [SPPI] are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at amortised cost and is not part of the hedging relationship, is recognised in statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in finance income using the Effective interest rate method.
The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to cash flows from the asset expire, or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows on the financial asset in a transaction in which substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred.
In accordance with Ind-AS 109, the Company applies Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial asset and credit risk exposure:
a) Financial assets that are debt instruments
and are measured at amortised cost e.g., loans, debt securities, deposits, and bank balance.
b) Trade receivables
The Company follows âsimplified approachâ for recognition of impairment loss allowance on:
â Trade receivables which do not contain a significant financing component.
The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.
â For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. Expected Credit Loss Model is used to provide for impairment loss.
The Company classifies its financial liabilities in the following measurement categories:
â those to be measured subsequently at fair value through profit and loss-[FVTPL]; and
â those measured at amortised cost. [AC]
The classification depends on the Companyâs business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.
Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss or at amortised cost.
All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and
borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.
The Companyâs financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts, financial guarantee contracts and derivative financial instruments.
Financial liabilities are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method. For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the balance sheet date, the carrying amounts are approximate at their fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss [FVTPL] include financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit and loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind-AS 109. Separated embedded derivatives are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments.
Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit and loss are designated at the initial date of recognition, only if the criteria in Ind-AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognized in OCI. These gains/ loss are not subsequently transferred to statement of profit and loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in statement of profit and loss over the period of borrowings using the effective interest method. Processing/Upfront fee are treated as prepaid asset netted of from borrowings. The same is amortised over the period of the facility to which it relates.
After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Gains and losses are recognised in statement of profit and loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process.
Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.
This category generally applies to interest-bearing loans and borrowings.
Borrowings are derecognised from the balance sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expired. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability that has been extinguished or transferred to another party and the consideration paid including any non cash assets transferred or liability assumed, is recognised in Statement of profit and loss as other gains or (losses).
Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer the settlement of liabilities for at least twelve months after the reporting year.
Where there is a breach of a material provision of a long term loan arrangement on or before the end of the reporting period with the effect that the liability becomes payable on demand on the reporting date, the same is classified as current unless the lender agreed, after the reporting year and before the approval of financial statements for issue, not to demand payment as a consequence of the breach.
These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid at the year end. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting year. They are recognised initially at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.
The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts, futures, interest rate swaps, forward commodity contracts and other
derivative financial instruments to hedge its foreign currency risks, interest rate risks and commodity price risks respectively Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative. Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of commodity contracts are recognized in the statement of profit and loss under operating income / other expenses.
Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivatives are taken directly to statement of profit and loss, except for the effective portion of cash flow hedges, which is recognised in OCI and later reclassified to statement of profit and loss when the hedge item affects profit or loss or treated as basis adjustment if a hedged forecast transaction subsequently results in the recognition of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability.
For the purpose of hedge accounting, hedges are classified as:
⢠Fair value hedges when hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognised asset or liability or an unrecognised firm commitment;
⢠Cash flow hedges when hedging the exposure to variability in cash flows that is either attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognised asset or liability or a highly probable forecast transaction or the foreign currency risk in an unrecognised firm commitment.
Hedges that meet the criteria for hedge accounting are accounted for as follows:
Changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as fair value hedges are recognised in statement of profit and loss immediately,
together with any changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk. When an unrecognised fi rm commitment is designated as a hedged item, the subsequent cumulative change in the fair value of the firm commitment attributable to the hedged risk is recognised as an asset or liability with a corresponding gain or loss recognised in statement of profit and loss. Hedge accounting is discontinued when the Company revokes the hedge relationship, the hedging instrument or hedged item expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised or no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting.
The effective portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognised in OCI in the cash flow hedge reserve, while any ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss. Amounts recognised in OCI are transferred to statement of profit and loss when the hedged transaction affects profit or loss. If the hedging relationship no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, then hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively If the hedging instrument expires or is sold or terminated or exercised, the cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in cash flow hedging reserve till the period the hedge was effective remains in cash flow hedging reserve until the underlying transaction occurs. The cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in the cash flow hedging reserve is transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss upon the occurrence of the underlying transaction.
Financial guarantee contracts issued by the Company are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified debtor fails to
make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognised initially as a liability at fair value, adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of loss allowance determined and the amount recognised less cumulative amortisation.
Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence, if any, except for Stock-in-Trade [which are measured at Fair value] and Realisable by-products [which are measured at net realisable value]. The cost of inventories is determined using the weighted average method and includes expenditure incurred in acquiring inventories, production or conversion and other costs incurred in bringing them to their respective present location and condition. In the case of manufactured inventories and work in progress, cost includes an appropriate share of production overheads based on normal operating capacity. The comparison of cost and Net Realisable value is made on an item by item basis.
Net realisable value is estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated cost of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. The net realisable value of work in progress is determined with reference to selling prices of finished products.
For the purpose of presentation in the statement of the cash flows, cash and cash equivalent includes the cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions other short term, highly liquid investments with original maturity of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.
Equity shares are classified as equity. Incidental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds.
Annual dividend distribution to the shareholders is recognised as a liability in the period in which the dividends are approved by the shareholders. Any interim dividend paid is recognised on approval by Board of Directors. Dividend payable and corresponding tax on dividend distribution is recognised directly in other equity.
Basic earnings per shares is calculated by dividing Profit/(Loss) attributable to equity holders (adjusted for amounts directly charged to Reserves) before/after Exceptional Items (net of tax) by Weighted average number of Equity shares, (excluding treasury shares).
Diluted earnings per shares is calculated by dividing Profit/(Loss) attributable to equity holders (adjusted for amounts directly charged to Reserves) before/after Exceptional Items (net of tax) by Weighted average number of Equity shares (excluding treasury shares) considered for basic earning per shares including dilutive potential Equity shares.
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currencies of the Company at the exchange rate prevailing at the date of the transactions. Monetary assets (other then investments in companies registered outside India) and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate at the reporting date.
Investments in companies registered outside India are converted at rate prevailing at the date of acquisition. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary items that are measured based on historical cost in a foreign currency are not translated.
Difference on account of changes in foreign currency are generally charged to the statement of profit & loss except the following:
The Company has availed the exemption available under Para D13AA of Ind AS - 101 of âFirst time adoption of Indian Accounting Standardsâ. Accordingly, exchange gains and losses on foreign currency borrowings taken prior to April 1, 2016 which are related to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are adjusted in the carrying cost of such asset.
The Company derives revenues primarily from sale
of manufactured goods, traded goods and related
services. The Company also derives revenue from
power generation through wind energy.
Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when control of the goods or services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Generally, control is transfer upon shipment of goods to the customer or when the goods is made available to the customer, provided transfer of title to the customer occurs and the Company has not retained any significant risks of ownership or future obligations with respect to the goods shipped.
Revenue from rendering of services is recognised over the time by measuring the progress towards complete satisfaction
of performance obligations at the
reporting period.
Revenue is measured at the amount of consideration which the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for transferring distinct goods or services to a customer as specified in the contract, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties (for example taxes and duties collected on behalf of the government). Consideration is generally due upon satisfaction of performance obligations and receivable is recognized when it becomes unconditional.
The Company does not have any contracts where the period between the transfer of the promised goods or services to the customer and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, it does not adjust any of the transaction prices for the time value of money.
Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for discounts and claims, if any, as specified in the contract with the customer. Revenue also excludes taxes collected from customers.
A receivable represents the Companyâs right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional.
A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Company transfers goods or services to the customer, a contract liability is recognised when the payment is made. Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the Company performs under the contract.
(ii) Other Operating Revenue
Income from sale of wind power is recognised on the basis of units wheeled during the period. Incomes from carbon credits are recognised on credit of Carbon Emission Reduction (CER) by the approving authority in the manner in which it is unconditionally available to the
generating Company. Gain/loss on contracts settlements of raw materials purchases with suppliers are accounted in the statement of profit and loss.
Other income is comprised primarily of interest income, dividend income, gain/loss on investments and gain/loss on foreign exchange and on translation of other assets and liabilities. Interest income is recognized using the effective interest method. Claims for export incentives/ duty drawbacks, duty refunds and insurance are accounted when the right to receive payment is established. Incentives on exports and other Government incentives related to operations are recognised in the statement of profit and loss after due consideration of certainty of utilization/ receipt of such incentives. Revenue from insurance claims are accounted for in the year when recovery can be ascertained with reasonable certainty or are accounted for on actual receipts basis in case of uncertainty. Rental income arising from operating leases is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the lease terms and is included in other income.
(i) Grants from the Government are recognised at their fair value where there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the Company will comply with all the attached conditions.
(ii) Government grant relating to purchase of Property, Plant and Equipment are included in ââOther current/ non-current liabilitiesââ as Government Grant - Deferred Income and are credited to statement of profit and loss on a straight line basis over the expected life of the related asset and presented within ââOther operating Incomeââ.
(i) During Employment benefits
(a) Short term employee benefits
Short-term employee benefits are expensed as the related service is
provided. A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably.
(a) Defined contribution plans
A defined contribution plan is a post employment benefit plan under which a Company pays fixed contribution into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. The Comp any makes specified monthly contributions towards government administered Provident Fund scheme.
Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plans are expensed as the related service is provided. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in future payments is available.
The Company pays gratuity to the employees who have has completed five years of service with the company at the time when employee leaves the Company.
The gratuity liability amount is contributed to the approved gratuity fund formed exclusively for gratuity payment to the employees.
The liability in respect of gratuity and other post-employment benefits is calculated using the Projected Unit Credit Method and spread over the periods during which the benefit is expected to be derived from employeesâ services.
Re-measurement of defined
benefit plans in respect of post employment are charged to Other Comprehensive Income.
The Company recognises the employee separation cost when the scheme is announced and the Company is demonstrably committed to it.
Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in statement of profit and loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in the other comprehensive income or in equity. In which case, the tax is also recognised in the other comprehensive income or in equity.
(i) Current tax
Current tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities, based on tax rates and laws that are enacted or subsequently enacted at the Balance sheet date.
Current tax assets and liabilities are offset only if, the Company:
a) has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts; and
b) intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Current tax provision is computed for income calculated after considering allowances and exemptions under the provisions of the applicable Income Tax Laws. Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are off set, and presented as net.
Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit.
Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have enacted or substantively enacted by
the end of the reporting year. The carrying amount of Deferred tax liabilities and assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting year. Deferred tax is recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which they can be used.
The measurement of deferred tax reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if:
a) the Company has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities; and
b) the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority on the same taxable Company.
General and specific Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are capitalised as part of the cost of that asset till the date it is ready for its intended use or sale. Other borrowing costs are recognised as an expense in the year in which they are incurred.
Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing cost eligible for capitalisation. All other borrowing costs are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the year for which they are incurred.
The Company, as a lessee, recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for its leasing arrangements, if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset.
The contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, if it involves the use of an
identified asset and the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset and has right to direct the use of the identified asset. The cost of the right-of-use asset shall comprise of the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date plus any initial direct costs incurred. The right-of-use assets is subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation, accumulated impairment losses, if any and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. The right-of-use assets is depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life of right-of-use asset. The Company measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date of the lease. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate can be readily determined. If that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company uses incremental borrowing rate. For short-term and low value leases, the Company recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Non-current assets are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when a sale is highly probable from the date of classification, management are committed to the sale and the asset is available for immediate sale in its present condition. Non-current assets are classified as held for sale from the date these conditions are met and are measured at the lower of carrying amount and fair value less cost to sell. Any resulting impairment loss is recognised in the Statements of Profit and Loss as a separate line item. On classification as held for sale, the assets are no longer depreciated. Assets and liabilities classified as held for sale are presented separately as current items in the Balance Sheet.
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event. It is probable that an outflow of
resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using equivalent period government securities interest rate. Unwinding of the discount is recognised in the statement of profit and loss as a finance cost. Provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet date and are adjusted to reflect the current best estimate.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made. Information on contingent liability is disclosed in the Notes to the Financial Statements.
Contingent assets are not recognised. However, when the realisation of income is virtually certain, then the related asset is no longer a contingent asset, but it is recognised as an asset.
An operating segment is a component of the Company that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the companyâs chief operating decision maker to make decisions for which discrete financial information is available. Based on the management approach as defined in Ind AS 108, the chief operating decision maker evaluates the Companyâs performance and allocates resources based on an analysis of various performance indicators by business segments and geographic segments.
Biological Assets are measured at fair value less costs to sell, with any changes therein recognised in the Statement of Profit & Loss.
The Company measures financial instruments at fair value at each balance sheet date.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market
participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:
a) In the principal market for the asset or liability, or
b) In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.
A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participantâs ability to generate economic benefits by
using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy.
The Company uses the p
Mar 31, 2021
1 CORPORATE INFORMATION
Ruchi Soya Industries Limited (âthe Company5) is a Public Limited Company engaged primarily in the business of processing of oil-seeds and refining of crude oil for edible use. The Company also produces oil meal, food products from soya and value added products from downstream and upstream processing. The Company is also engaged in trading in various products and generation of power from wind energy. The Company has manufacturing plants across India and is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange Limited (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE). The Companyâs registered office is at Ruchi House, Royal Palms, Survey No. 169, Aarey Milk Colony, Near Mayur Nagar, Goregaon (E), Mumbai â 400065, Maharashtra.
2 BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES(A) BASIS OF PREPARATION
a Statement of Compliance
The financial statement of the Company have been prepared to comply with Indian Accounting Standard including the rules notified under the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.
The financial statements was approved by the Board of Directors of the Company in their meeting held on June 29, 2021.
These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (?), which is the Companyâs functional currency. All amounts have been rounded to the nearest lakh, unless otherwise indicated.
c Basis of Measurement
These financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost convention basis, except for the following:
(i) Certain financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value.
(ii) Assets held for sale- Measured at the lower of
(a) carrying amount and (b) fair value less cost to sell.
(iii) Net defined benefit plans- Plan assets measured at fair value less present value of defined benefit obligation.
While measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses observable market data as far as possible. Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows.
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).
Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorised in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Ind AS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income, expenses and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of these financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the year presented.
These judgments and estimates are based on managementâs best knowledge of the relevant facts and circumstances, having regard to previous experience, but actual results may differ materially from the amounts included in the financial statements.
Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised and future periods affected. The information about significant areas of estimation uncertainty and critical judgments in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements are as given below:-â
The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the assetâs recoverable amount. An assetâs recoverable amount is the higher of an assetâs or Cash Generating Units (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. It is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent to those from other assets or groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.
In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less cost of disposal, recent market transactions are taken into account. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used. These calculations are corroborated by valuation multiples or other available fair value indicators.
The Management makes estimates related to the recoverability of receivables, whose book values are adjusted through an allowance for Expected losses/ Provision for Doubtful debts. Management specifically analyses accounts receivable, customersâ creditworthiness, current economic trends and changes in customerâs collection terms when assessing the adequate allowance for Expected losses/ Provision for Doubtful debts, which are estimated over the lifetime of the debts.
Provisions and liabilities are recognized in the year when it becomes probable that there will be a future outflow of funds resulting from past operations or events and the amount of cash outflow can be reliably estimated. The timing of recognition and quantification of the liability require the application of judgement to existing facts and circumstances, which can be subject to change. Since the cash outflows can take place many years in the future, the carrying amounts of provisions and liabilities are reviewed regularly and adjusted to take account of changing facts and circumstances.
In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigation, taxation and other claims against the Company. Where it is managementâs assessment that the outcome cannot be reliably quantified or is uncertain, the claims are disclosed as contingent liabilities unless the likelihood of an adverse outcome is remote. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not provided for in the financial statements. When considering the classification of legal or tax cases as probable, possible or remote, there is judgement involved. Although there can be no assurance regarding the final outcome of the legal proceedings, the Company does not expect them to have a materially adverse impact on the Companyâs financial position.
During the year ended March 31, 2021, the Company has recognised deferred tax assets mainly on carried forward tax losses and unabsorbed depreciation incurred by the Company in earlier years. Based on future business projections, the Company is reasonably certain that it would be able to generate adequate taxable income to ensure utilization of carried forward tax losses and unabsorbed depreciation.
The Cost of the defined benefit plan and other post-employment benefits and the present value of such obligation are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, mortality rates and attrition rate. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these
assumptions. AH assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.
The impairment provisions for financial assets are based on assumptions about risk of default and expected cash loss. The Company uses judgement in making these assumptions and selecting the inputs to the impairment calculation, based on Companyâs past history, existing market conditions as well as forward looking estimates at the end of each reporting year.
There are transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain and would get finalized on completion of assessment by tax authorities. Where the final tax outcome is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the income tax and deferred tax in the year in which such determination is made.
8 Depreciation / Amortisation and useful lives of property plant and Equipment (ppE) / Intangible Assets: -
PPE / intangible assets are depreciated / amortised over their estimated useful lives, after taking into account estimated residual value. Management reviews the estimated useful lives and residual values of the assets annually in order to determine the amount of depreciation to be recorded during any reporting period. The useful lives and residual values are based on the Companyâs historical experience with similar assets and take into account anticipated technological changes. The depreciation /amortisation for future periods are revised if there are significant changes from previous estimates.
The outbreak of corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic globally and in India is causing significant disturbance and slowdown of economic activity. In assessing the recoverability of Companyâs assets such as financial asset and non-financial assets, the Company has considered internal and external information. The Company has evaluated impact of this pandemic on its business
operations and based on its review and current indicators of future economic conditions, there is no significant impact on its financial statements and the Company expects to recover the carrying amount of all the assets.
Exceptional items are those items that management considers, by virtue of their size or incidence, should be disclosed separately to ensure that the financial information allows an understanding of the underlying performance of the business in the year, so as to facilitate comparison with prior periods. Such items are material by nature or amount to the yearâs result and / or require separate disclosure in accordance with Ind AS. The determination as to which items should be disclosed separately requires a degree of judgement. The details of exceptional items are set out in note 30.
The Company presents assets and liabilities in statement of financial position based on current/ non-current classification. The Company has presented non-current assets and current assets before equity, non-current liabilities and current liabilities in accordance with Schedule III, Division
11 of Companies Act, 2013 notified by MCA.
An asset is classified as current when it is:
(a) Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle,
(b) Held primarily for the purpose of trading,
(c) Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting year, or
(d) Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting year.
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is classified as current when it is:
(a) Expected to be settled in normal operating cycle,
(b) Held primarily for the purpose of trading,
(c) Due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting year, or
(d) There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting year.
The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.
The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities. The Company has identified twelve months as its normal operating cycle.
(B) SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
(i) Recognition and measurement
Property, Plant and equipment are measured at cost (which includes capitalised borrowing costs) less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment comprises:
a) its purchase price, including import duties and non-refundable purchase taxes, after deducting trade discounts and rebates.
b) any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by the management.
c) the initial estimate of the costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located.
If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment and depreciated accordingly.
Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in Statement of profit or loss.
Capital work-in-progress includes cost of property, plant and equipment under installation / under development as at the balance sheet date.
Leasehold lands are amortised over the period of lease. Buildings constructed on leasehold land are depreciated based on the useful life
specified in schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, where the lease period of land is beyond the life of the building. In other cases, buildings constructed on leasehold lands are amortised over the primary lease period of the lands.
(ii) On transition to Ind AS as on April 1, 2015 the Company has elected to measure certain items of Property, Plant and Equipment [Freehold Land, Building and Plant and Equipment1 s] at Fair Value and for other Property, Plant and Equipment these are measure at cost as per Ind AS. The same are considered as deemed cost on the date of transition to Ind AS.
(iii) Subsequent expenditure
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company.
Depreciation is calculated using the Straight Line Method, pro rata to the period of use, taking into account useful lives and residual value of the assets. The useful life of assets & the estimated residual value, which are different from those prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, are based on technical advice as under:
Assets |
Estimated useful lifeâs |
Estimated Residual Value |
Building |
3 to 60 years |
2 to 5 Percent |
Plant & Equipment''s |
5 to 40 years |
3 to 25 Percent |
Windmills |
30 years |
19 Percent |
Furniture and Fixture |
5 to 10 years |
As per Schedule II |
Motor Vehicles |
7 to 8 years |
As per Schedule II |
Depreciation is computed with reference to cost. Depreciation on additions during the year is provided on pro rata basis with reference to month of addition/installation. Depreciation on assets disposed/discarded is charged up to the date of sale excluding the month in which such assets is sold.
The assets residual value and useful life are reviewed and adjusted, if appropriate, at the end of each
reporting year. Gains and losses on disposal are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amounts. These are included in the statement of Profit and Loss.
Identifiable intangible assets are recognised when it is probable that future economic benefits attributed to the asset will flow to the Company and the cost of the asset can be reliably measured.
Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.
Computer softwareâs have finite useful lives and are measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.
Acquired brands / Trademarks have indefinite useful life and as on transition date April 1, 2015 have been Fair valued based on reports of expert valuer, which is considered as deemed cost on transition to Ind AS. The same are tested for impairment, if any , at the end of each accounting year.
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure, including expenditure on internally generated goodwill and brands, when incurred is recognised in statement of profit or loss.
Amortisation is calculated to write off the cost of intangible assets less their estimated residual values using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives and is generally recognised in statement of profit or loss. Computer software are amortised over their estimated useful life or 5 years, whichever is lower.
Amortisation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting
date and adjusted, if required.
An asset is considered as impaired when at the date of Balance Sheet, there are indications of impairment and the carrying amount of the asset, or where applicable, the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs, exceeds its recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of the net asset selling price and value in use).The carrying amount is reduced to the recoverable amount and the reduction is recognized as an impairment loss in the statement of profit and loss. The impairment loss recognized in the prior accounting period is reversed if there has been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount. Post impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying value of the impaired asset over its remaining useful life.
d financial instruments
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one Company and a financial liability or equity instrument of another Company. Financial instruments also include derivative contracts such as foreign currency foreign exchange forward contracts, interest rate swaps and currency options.
All financial assets are initially recognized at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets, which are not at fair value through profit or loss, are adjusted to the fair value on initial recognition. Financial assets are classified, at initial recognition, as financial assets measured at fair value or as financial assets measured at amortised cost.
A Financial Asset is measured at Amortised Cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the Financial Asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that represent solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
A Financial Asset is measured at FVTOCI if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling Financial Assets and the contractual terms of the Financial Asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that represents solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
A Financial Asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are measured at FVTPL. Financial assets are reclassified subsequent to their recognition, if the Company changes its business model for managing those financial assets. Changes in business model are made and applied prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of immediately next reporting period following the changes in business model in accordance with principles laid down under Ind AS 109 â Financial Instruments.
- For subsidiaries , associates and Joint ventures
- Investments are measured at cost and tested for impairment periodically. Impairment (if any) is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
- For Other than subsidiaries , associates and Joint venture - Investments are measured at Fair value through Other Comprehensive Income [FVTOCI].
Measured at Fair value through Profit and Loss (FVTPL).
Guarantees extended to subsidiaries, associates and Joint ventures are Fair Valued.
The Company measures the debt instruments at Amortised Cost. Assets that are held for
collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payment of principal and interest [SPPI] are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at amortised cost and is not part of the hedging relationship, is recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in finance income using the Effective interest rate method.
The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to cash flows from the asset expire, or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows on the financial asset in a transaction in which substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred.
In accordance with Ind-AS 109, the Company applies Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial asset and credit risk exposure:
a) Financial assets that are debt instruments and are measured at amortised cost e.g., loans, debt securities, deposits, and bank balance.
b) Trade receivables
The Company follows âsimplified approachâ for recognition of impairment loss allowance on:
- Trade receivables which do not contain a significant financing component.
The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.
- For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has
been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. Expected Credit Loss Model is used to provide for impairment loss.
The Company classifies its financial liabilities in the following measurement categories:
- those to be measured subsequently at fair value through profit and loss-[FVTPL]; and
- those measured at amortised cost. [AC]
The classification depends on the Companyâs business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.
Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss or at amortised cost.
All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.
The Company1 s financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts, financial guarantee contracts and derivative financial instruments.
Financial liabilities are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method. For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the balance sheet date, the carrying amounts are approximate at their fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss [FVTPL] include financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in
the near term. This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind-AS 109. Separated embedded derivatives are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments.
Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the profit or loss.
Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated at the initial date of recognition, only if the criteria in Ind-AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognized in OCI. These gains/loss are not subsequently transferred to statement of profit or loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit or loss.
Loans and borrowings
Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in profit or loss over the period of borrowings using the effective interest method. Processing/Upfront fee are treated as prepaid asset netted of from borrowings. The same is amortised over the period of the facility to which it relates.
After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process.
Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.
This category generally applies to interestbearing loans and borrowings.
Borrowings are derecognised from the balance sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expired. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability that has been extinguished or transferred to another party and the consideration paid including any non cash assets transferred or liability assumed, is recognised in Statement of profit or loss as other gains or (losses).
Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer the settlement of liabilities for at least twelve months after the reporting year.
Where there is a breach of a material provision of a long term loan arrangement on or before the end of the reporting period with the effect that the liability becomes payable on demand on the reporting date, the same is classified as current unless the lender agreed, after the reporting year and before the approval of financial statements for issue, not to demand payment as a consequence of the breach.
These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid at the year end. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting year. They are recognised initially at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the
balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.
The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts, futures, interest rate swaps, forward commodity contracts and other derivative financial instruments to hedge its foreign currency risks, interest rate risks and commodity price risks respectively. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.
Financial guarantee contracts issued by the Company are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified debtor fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognised initially as a liability at fair value, adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of loss allowance determined and the amount recognised less cumulative amortisation.
Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value after providing for obsolence, if any, except for Stock-in-Trade [which are measured at Fair value] and Realisable by-products [which are measured at net realisable value]. The cost of inventories is determined using the weighted average method and includes expenditure incurred in acquiring inventories, production or conversion and other costs incurred in bringing them to their
respective present location and condition. In the case of manufactured inventories and work in progress, cost includes an appropriate share of production overheads based on normal operating capacity. The comparison of cost and Net Realisable value is made on an item by item basis.
Net realisable value is estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated cost of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. The net realisable value of work in progress is determined with reference to selling prices of finished products.
For the purpose of presentation in the statement of the cash flows, cash and cash equivalent includes the cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions other short term, highly liquid investments with original maturity of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.
Equity shares are classified as equity. Incidental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds.
Annual dividend distribution to the shareholders is recognised as a liability in the period in which the dividends are approved by the shareholders. Any interim dividend paid is recognised on approval by Board of Directors. Dividend payable and corresponding tax on dividend distribution is recognised directly in other equity.
(i) Basic earnings per share
Basic earnings per shares is calculated by dividing Profit/(Loss) attributable to equity holders (adjusted for amounts directly charged to Reserves) before/ after Exceptional Items (net of tax) by
Weighted average number of Equity shares, (excluding treasury shares).
(ii) Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per shares is calculated by dividing Profit/(Loss) attributable to equity holders (adjusted for amounts directly charged to Reserves) before/ after Exceptional Items (net of tax) by Weighted average number of Equity shares (excluding treasury shares) considered for basic earning per shares including dilutive potential Equity shares.
j foreign currency
(i) Foreign currency transactions
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currencies of the Company at the exchange rate prevailing at the date of the transactions. Monetary assets (other then investments in companies registered outside India) and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate at the reporting date.
Investments in companies registered outside India are converted at rate prevailing at the date of acquisition. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary items that are measured based on historical cost in a foreign currency are not translated.
Difference on account of changes in foreign currency are generally charged to the statement of profit & loss except the following:
The Company has availed the exemption available under Para D13AA of Ind AS - 101 of âFirst time adoption of Indian Accounting Standardsâ. Accordingly, exchange gains and losses on foreign currency borrowings taken prior to April 1, 2016 which are related to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are adjusted in the carrying cost of such asset.
The Company derives revenues primarily from sale of manufactured goods, traded goods and related services. The Company also derives revenue from power generation through wind energy.
Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when control of the goods or services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Generally, control is transfer upon shipment of goods to the customer or when the goods is made available to the customer, provided transfer of title to the customer occurs and the Company has not retained any significant risks of ownership or future obligations with respect to the goods shipped.
Revenue from rendering of services is recognised over the time by measuring the progress towards complete satisfaction of performance obligations at the reporting period.
Revenue is measured at the amount of consideration which the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for transferring distinct goods or services to a customer as specified in the contract, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties (for example taxes and duties collected on behalf of the government). Consideration is generally due upon satisfaction of performance obligations and receivable is recognized when it becomes unconditional.â
The Company does not have any contracts where the period between the transfer of the promised goods or services to the customer and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, it does not adjust any of the transaction prices for the time value of money.
Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for discounts and claims, if any, as specified in the contract with the customer. Revenue also excludes taxes collected from customers.
A receivable represents the Companyâs right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional.
A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Company transfers goods or services to the customer, a contract liability is recognised when the payment is made. Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the Company performs under the contract.
Income from sale of wind power is recognised on the basis of units wheeled during the period. Incomes from carbon credits are recognised on credit of Carbon Emission Reduction (CER) by the approving authority in the manner in which it is unconditionally available to the generating Company.
Other income is comprised primarily of interest income, dividend income, gain/loss on investments and gain/loss on foreign exchange and on translation of other assets and liabilities. Interest income is recognized using the effective interest method. Claims for export incentives/ duty drawbacks, duty refunds and insurance are accounted when the right to receive payment is established. Incentives on exports and other Government incentives related to operations are recognised in the statement of profit or loss after due consideration of certainty of utilization/ receipt of such incentives.
government grants
(i) Grants from the Government are recognised at their fair value where there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the Company will comply with all the attached conditions.
(ii) Government grant relating to purchase of Property, Plant and Equipment are included in ââOther current/ non-current liabilitiesââ as Government Grant - Deferred Income and are credited to Profit or loss on a straight line basis over the expected life of the related asset and presented within ââOther operating Incomeââ.
(i) During Employment benefits
(a) Short term employee benefits
Short-term employee benefits are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably.
(a) Defined contribution plans
A defined contribution plan is a post employment benefit plan under which a Company pays fixed contribution into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. The Company makes specified monthly contributions towards government administered Provident Fund scheme.
Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plans are expensed as the related service is provided. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in future payments is available.
The Company pays gratuity to the employees who have has completed five years of service with the company at the time when employee leaves the Company.
The gratuity liability amount is contributed to the approved gratuity fund formed exclusively for gratuity payment to the employees.
The liability in respect of gratuity and other post-employment benefits is calculated using the Projected Unit Credit Method and spread over the periods during which the benefit is expected to be derived from employeesâ services.
Re-measurement of defined benefit plans in respect of post employment are charged to Other Comprehensive Income.
Termination benefits are payable when employment is terminated by the Company before the normal retirement date or when an employee accepts voluntary redundancy in exchange for these benefits. In case of an offer made to encourage voluntary redundancy, the termination benefits are measured based on the number of employees expected to accept the offer. Benefits falling due more than twelve months after the end of reporting year are discounted to the present value.
Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in statement of profit and loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in the other comprehensive income or in equity. In which case, the tax is also recognised in the other comprehensive income or in equity.
Current tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities, based on tax rates and laws that are enacted or subsequently enacted at the Balance sheet date.
Current tax assets and liabilities are offset only if, the Company:
a) has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts; and
b) intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Current tax provision is computed for income calculated after considering allowances and exemptions under the provisions of the applicable Income Tax Laws. Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are off set, and presented as net.
Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit.
Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting year. The carrying amount of Deferred tax liabilities and assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting year. Deferred tax is recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which they can be used.
The measurement of deferred tax reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if:
a) the Company has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities; and
b) the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority on the same taxable Company.
o BORROWING COSTS
General and specific Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are capitalised as part of the cost of that asset till the date it is ready for its intended use or sale. Other borrowing costs are recognised as an expense in the year in which they are incurred.
Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing cost eligible for capitalisation. All other borrowing costs are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the year for which they are incurred.
p LEASES
The Company, as a lessee, recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for its leasing arrangements, if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset.
The contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, if it involves the use of an identified asset and the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset and has right to direct the use of the identified asset. The cost of the right-of-use asset shall comprise of the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date plus any initial direct costs incurred. The right-of-use assets is subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation, accumulated impairment losses, if any and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. The right-of-use assets is depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life of right-of-use asset. The Company measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date of the lease. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate can be readily determined. If that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company uses incremental borrowing rate. For short-term and low value leases, the Company recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Non-current assets are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when a sale is highly probable from the date of classification, management are committed to the sale and the asset is available for immediate sale in its present condition. Non-current assets are classified as held for sale from the date these conditions are met and are measured at the lower of carrying amount and fair value less cost to sell. Any resulting impairment loss is recognised in the Statements of Profit and Loss as a separate line item. On classification as held for sale, the assets are no longer depreciated. Assets and liabilities classified as held for sale are presented separately as current items in the Balance Sheet.
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event. It is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. If
the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using equivalent period government securities interest rate. Unwinding of the discount is recognised in the statement of profit and loss as a finance cost. Provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet date and are adjusted to reflect the current best estimate.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made. Information on contingent liability is disclosed in the Notes to the Financial Statements.
Contingent assets are not recognised. However, when the realisation of income is virtually certain, then the related asset is no longer a contingent asset, but it is recognised as an asset.
An operating segment is a component of the Company that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the companyâs chief operating decision maker to make decisions for which discrete financial information is available. Based on the management approach as defined in Ind AS 108, the chief operating decision maker evaluates the Companyâs performance and allocates resources based on an analysis of various performance indicators by business segments and geographic segments.
Biological Assets are measured at fair value less costs to sell, with any changes therein recognised in the Statement of Profit & Loss.
The Company measures financial instruments at fair value at each balance sheet date.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:
a) In the principal market for the asset or liability, or
b) In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.
A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participantâs ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy.â
The Company uses the pooling of interest method of accounting to account for common control business combination and acquisition method of accounting to account for other business combinations.
The acquisition date is the date on which control is transferred to the acquirer. Judgement is applied in determining the acquisition date and determining whether control is transferred from one party to another. Control exists when the Company is exposed to, or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through power over the entity. In assessing control, potential voting rights are considered only if the rights are substantive.
Goodwill is initially measured at cost, being the excess of the aggregate of the consideration transferred and the amount recognised for noncontrolling interests, and any previous interest held, over the net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. If the fair value of the net assets acquired is in excess of the aggregate consideration transferred, the Company re-assesses whether it has correctly identified all of the assets acquired and all of the liabilities assumed and reviews the procedures
used to measure the amounts to be recognised at the acquisition date. If the re-assessment still results in an excess of the fair value of net assets acquired over the aggregate consideration transferred, then the gain is recognised in Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) and accumulated in other equity as capital reserve. However, if there is no clear evidence of bargain purchase, the entity recognises the gain directly in other equity as capital reserve, without routing the same through OCI.
Consideration transferred includes the fair values of the assets transferred, liabilities incurred by the Company to the previous owners of the acquiree, and equity interests issued by the Company. Consideration transferred also includes the fair value of any contingent consideration. Consideration transferred does not include amounts related to the settlement of pre-existing relationships. Any goodwill that arises on account of such business combination is tested annually for impairment.
In case of Pooling of interest method of accounting, the assets and liabilities of the combining entities recognises at their carrying amounts. No adjustment is made to reflect the fair value or recognise any new assets and liabilities. The financial information in the financial statements in respect of prior periods restates as if the business combination had occurred from the beginning of the preceding period. The difference, if any, between the amount recorded as share capital issued plus any additional consideration in the form of cash or other assets and the amount of share capital of the transfer
Mar 31, 2018
Notes to the Financial Statements for the year ended March 31, 2018
NOTE 1-2
1 CORPORATE INFORMATION
Ruchi Soya Industries Limited (''the Company'') is a Public Limited Company engaged primarily in the business of processing of oil-seeds and refining of crude oil for edible use. The Company also produces oil meal, food products from soya and value added products from downstream and upstream processing. The Company is also engaged in trading in various products and generation of power from wind energy. The Company has manufacturing plants across India and is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange Limited (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE). The Company''s registered office is at Ruchi House, Royal Palms, Survey No. 169, Aarey Milk Colony, Near Mayur Nagar, Goregaon (E), Mumbai - 400065, Maharashtra.
Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process ("CIRP") has been initiated in case of the Company vide an order no. CP1371 & CP1372/I&BP/NCLT/MAH/2017 delivered on 15th December 2017 of Hon''able National Company Law Tribunal ("NCLT"), Mumbai Bench under the Provisions of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (the Code). Pursuant to the order, the management of affairs of the Company and powers of board of directors of the Company are now vested with the Resolution Professional ("RP") who is appointed by the Committee of Creditors ("CoC"). These financial statements have been prepared by the management of the Company and certified by Mr. Anil Singhal, Chief Financial Officer and Mr. R. L. Gupta, Company Secretary, and approved by Resolution Professional Mr. Shailendra Ajmera [ IP Registration no.IBBI/IPA-001/IP-P00304/2017-18/10568].
2 BASIS OF PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
(A) BASIS OF PREPARATION a Statement of Compliance
The financial statement of the Company have been prepared to comply with Indian Accounting Standard including the rules notified under the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.
b Functional and presentation currency
These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (Rs), which is the Company''s functional currency. All amounts have been rounded to the nearest lakh, unless otherwise indicated. [ 10 Lakhs=lMillion ]
c Basis of Measurement
These financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost convention basis, except for the following:
(i) Certain financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value.
(ii) Assets held for sale- Measured at the lower of (a) carrying amount and (b) fair value less cost to sell.
(iii) Net defined benefit plans- Plan assets measured at fair value less present value of defined benefit obligation.
Determining the Fair Value
While measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses observable market data as far as possible. Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows.
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).
Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorised in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.
d Use of Estimates and Judgement
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with Ind AS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amount of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to the accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates are known or materialised. The most significant estimates and assumptions are described below:
(i) Judgements
Information about judgements made in applying accounting policies that have the significant effect on amounts recognised in the financial statement are as below:
Leases identification- Whether an agreement contains a lease.
Classification of lease - Whether Operating or Finance (ii) Assumptions and Estimations
Information about assumption and estimation uncertainities that have significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment are as below:
1 Impairment test of non financial assets
The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset''s recoverable amount. An asset''s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s or Cash Generating Units (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. It is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent to those from other assets or groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.
In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less cost of disposal, recent market transactions are taken into account. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used. These calculations are corroborated by valuation multiples or other available fair value indicators.
2 Allowance for bad debts
The Management makes estimates related to the recoverability of receivables, whose book values are adjusted through an allowance for Expected losses/ Provision for Doubtful debts. Management specifically analyzes accounts receivable, customers'' credit worthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer''s collection terms when assessing the adequate allowance for Expected losses/ Provision for Doubtful debts, which are estimated over the lifetime of the debts.
3 Recognistion and measurement of Provisions and Contingencies
Provisions and liabilities are recognized in the period when it becomes probable that there will be a future outflow of funds resulting from past operations or events and the amount of cash outflow can be reliably estimated. The timing of recognition and quantification of the liability require the application of judgement to existing facts and circumstances, which can be subject to change. Since the cash outflows can take place many years in the future, the carrying amounts of provisions and liabilities are reviewed regularly and adjusted to take account of changing facts and circumstances.
Management has estimated the possible outflow of resources at the end of each annual reporting financial year, if any, in respect of contingencies/claim/litigations against the Company as it is not possible to predict the outcome of pending matters with accuracy.
4 Recognistion of Deferred Tax Assets
The Management makes estimates as regards to availability of future taxable profits against which unabsorbed depreciation/ tax losses carried forward can be used.
5 Measurements of Defined benefit obligations plan
The Cost of the defined benefit plan and other post-employment benefits and the present value of such obligation are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, mortality rates and attrition rate. Due to
the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.
6 Impairment of financial assets
The impairment provisions for financial assets are based on assumptions about risk of default and expected cash loss. The Company uses judgement in making these assumptions and selecting the inputs to the impairment calculation, based on Company''s past history, existing market conditions as well as forward looking estimates at the end of each reporting period.
7 Income Taxes
There are transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain and would get finalized on completion of assessment by tax authorities. Where the final tax outcome is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the income tax and deferred tax in the period in which such determination is made.
8 Useful lives of Property, plant and equipment
The Company has estimated its useful lives of Property Plant and Equipment based on the expected wear and tear, industry trends etc. In actual, the wear and tear can be different. When the useful lives differ from the original estimated useful lives, the Company will adjust the estimated useful lives accordingly. It is possible that the estimates made based on existing experience are different to the actual outcomes within the next financial period and could cause a material adjustment to the carrying amount of Property, Plant and Equipment.
e Current and non-current clasification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in statement of financial position based on current/non-current classification. The Company has presented non-current assets and current assets before equity, non-current liabilities and current liabilities in accordance with Schedule III, Division II of Companies Act, 2013 notified by MCA.
An asset is classified as current when it is:
(a) Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle,
(b) Held primarily for the purpose of trading,
(c) Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or
(d) Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
All other assets are classified as non-current. A liability is classified as current when it is:
(a) Expected to be settled in normal operating cycle,
(b) Held primarily for the purpose of trading,
(c) Due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or
(d) There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
All other liabilities are classified as non-current. The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities. The Company has identified twelve months as its normal operating cycle.
(B) SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES a PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT:
(i) Recognition and measurement
Property, Plant and equipment are measured at cost (which includes capitalised borrowing costs) less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment comprises:
a) its purchase price, including import duties and non-refundable purchase taxes, after deducting trade discounts and rebates.
b) any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by the management.
c) the initial estimate of the costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located.
If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment and depreciated accordingly. Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in Statement of profit or loss. Capital work-in-progress includes cost of property, plant and equipment under installation / under development as at the balance sheet date.
Leasehold lands are amortised over the period of lease. Buildings constructed on leasehold land are depreciated based on the useful life specified in schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, where the lease period of land is beyond the life of the building. In other cases, buildings constructed on leasehold lands are amortised over the primary lease period of the lands.
(ii) On transition to Ind AS as on April 1, 2015 the Company has elected to measure certain items of Property, Plant and Equipment [Freehold Land, Building and Plant and Equipments] at Fair Value. For other Property, Plant and Equipment these are measure at cost as per Ind AS.
(iii) Subsequent expenditure
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company.
(iv) Depreciation, Estimated useful life and Estimated residual value
Depreciation is calculated using the Straight Line Method, pro rata to the period of use, taking into account useful lives and residual value of the assets. The useful life of assets & the estimated residual value, which are different from those prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, are based on technical advice as under:
Assets |
Estimated useful lifes |
Estimated Residual Value |
Building |
3 to 84 years |
5 Percent |
Plant & Equipments |
6 to 46 years |
5 to 27 percent |
Windmills |
30 years |
19 percent |
Furniture and Fixture |
5 to 10 years |
As per Schedule I |
Motor Vehicles 7 to 8 years As per Schedule I Depreciation is computed with reference to cost.
The assets residual value and useful life are reviewed and adjusted, if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period. Gains and losses on disposal are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amounts. These are included in the statement of Profit and Loss.
b INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Identifiable intangible assets are recognised when it is probable that future economic benefits attributed to the asset will flow to the Company and the cost of the asset can be reliably measured.
Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.
(i) Recognition and measurement
Computer softwares have finite useful lives and are measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.
Acquired brands / Trademarks have indefinite useful life and as on transition date April 1, 2015 have been Fair valued based on reports of expert valuer. The same are tested for impairment, if any, at the end of each accounting period.
(ii) Subsequent expenditure
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure, including expenditure on internally generated goodwill and brands, when incurred is recognised in statement of profit or loss.
(iii) Amortisation
Amortisation is calculated to write off the cost of intangible assets less their estimated residual values using the straight-
line method over their estimated useful lives and is generally recognised in statement of profit or loss. Computer software are amortised over their estimated useful life or 5 years, whichever is lower.
Amortisation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted, if required.
c Impairment of assets
An asset is considered as impaired when at the date of Balance Sheet, there are indications of impairment and the carrying amount of the asset, or where applicable, the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs, exceeds its recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of the net asset selling price and value in use). The carrying amount is reduced to the recoverable amount and the reduction is recognized as an impairment loss in the statement of profit and loss. The impairment loss recognized in the prior accounting period is reversed if there has been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount. Post impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying value of the impaired asset over its remaining useful life.
d FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one Company and a financial liability or equity instrument of another Company. Financial instruments also include derivative contracts such as foreign currency foreign exchange forward contracts, interest rate swaps and currency options.
(i) Financial assets Classification
The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories: those to be measured subsequently at Fair Value Through Other Comprehensive Income- [FVTOCI], or Fair Value Through Profit and Loss-[FVTPL] and those measured at Amortised Cost. [AC] In case of investments In Equity instruments
For subsidiaries , associates and Joint ventures -Investments are measured at cost and tested for impairment periodically. Impairment (if any) is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
For Other than subsidiaries , associates and Joint venture - Investments are measured at Fair value through Other Comprehensive Income [FVTOCI].
In Mutual fund
Measured at Fair value through Profit and Loss (FVTPL). Guarantee Commission
Guarantees extended to subsidiaries, associates and Joint ventures are Fair Valued.
Debt instruments
The Company measures the debts instruments at Amortised
Cost. Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payment of principal and interest [SPPI] are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at amortised cost and is not part of the hedging relationship, is recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in finance income using the Effective interest rate method.
Derecognition of financial assets
A financial asset is derecognised only when:
The Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from financial asset, or Retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial assets, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recepients.
Where the Company has transferred an asset and has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the Company has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognised.
Where the Company has neither transferred an financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained the control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains the control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.
Impairment of financial assets
In accordance with Ind-AS 109, the Company applies Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial assets and credit risk exposure:
a) Financial assets that are debt instruments and are measured at amortised cost e.g, loans, debt securities, deposits, and bank balance.
b) Trade receivables.
The Company follows ''simplified approach'' for recognition of impairment loss allowance on:
Trade receivables which do not contain a significant financing component.
The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.
For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. Expected
Credit Loss Model is used to provide for impairment loss.
(ii) Financial liabilities Classification
The Company classifies its financial liabilities in the following measurement categories: those to be measured subsequently at fair value through profit and loss-[FVTPL]; and those measured at amortised cost. [AC]
The classification depends on the Company''s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.
Initial recognition and measurement
Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss or at amortised cost.
All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.
The Company''s financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts, financial guarantee contracts and derivative financial instruments.
Financial liabilities at [FVTPL]
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss [FVTPL] include financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind-AS 109. Separated embedded derivatives are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments.
Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the profit or loss.
Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated at the initial date of recognition, only if the criteria in Ind-AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognized in OCI. These gains/loss are not subsequently transferred to statement of profit or loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit or loss.
Loans and borrowings
After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the Effective Interest Rate (EIR) method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process.
Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.
This category generally applies to interest-bearing loans and borrowings.
Derecognition
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.
Offsetting of financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.
Derivative financial instruments
The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts, interest rate swaps and forward commodity contracts to hedge its foreign currency risks, interest rate risks and commodity price risks respectively. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.
Financial guarantee contracts
Financial guarantee contracts issued by the Company are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified debtor fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognised initially as a liability at fair value, adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of loss allowance determined and the amount recognised less cumulative amortisation.
e INVENTORIES
Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value after providing for absolence, if any, except for Stock-in-Trade [which are measured at Fair value] and Realisable by-products [which are measured at net realisable value]. The cost of inventories is determined using the weighted average method and includes expenditure incurred in acquiring inventories, production or conversion and other costs incurred in bringing them to their respective present location and condition. In the case of manufactured inventories and work in progress, cost includes an appropriate share of production overheads based on normal operating capacity. The comparision of cost and Net Realisable value is made on an item by item basis. Net realisable value is estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated cost of completion and the estimated costs neccasary to make the sale. The net realisable value of work in progress is determined with reference to selling prices of finished products.
f TRADE RECEIVABLES
Trade receivable are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost [AC] using the effective interest method less provision for impairment. As per Ind AS 109 the Company has applied Expected Credit Loss model for recognising the allowance for doubtful debts. Where the Company has offered extended credit period to the debtors, the said amount is recoreded at present value, with corresponding credit in the statement of Profit and loss over the tenure of the extended credit period.
g CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENT
For the purpose of presentation in the statement of the cash flows, cash and cash equivalent includes the cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions other short term, highly liquid investments with original maturity of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.
h CONTRIBUTED EQUITY
Equity shares are classified as equity. Incidental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds.
I Dividends
Provision is made for the amount of any dividend declared, being appropriately approved by shareholders, on or before the end of the reporting period but not distributed at the end of the reporting period.
II Earnings per share
(i) Basic earnings per share
Basic earnings per shares is calculated by dividing Profit/ (Loss) attributable to equity holders (adjusted for amounts directly charged to Reserves) before/after Exceptional Items (net of tax) by Weighted average number of Equity shares, (excluding treasury shares).
(ii) Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per shares is calculated by dividing Profit/ (Loss) attributable to equity holders (adjusted for amounts directly charged to Reserves) before/after Exceptional Items (net of tax) by Weighted average number of Equity shares (excluding treasury shares) considered for basic earning per shares including dilutive potential Equity shares.
i BORROWINGS
Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Any difference between the proceeds ( net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in profit or loss over the period of borrowings using the effective interest method. Processing/ Upfront fee are treated as prepaid asset netted of from borrowings. The same is amortised over the period of the facility to which it relates.
Preference shares are classified as liabilities. The dividends on these preference shares, if approved, by shareholders in the forthcoming Annual General Meeting, are recognised in profit or loss as finance costs, in the year when approved.
Borrowings are derecognised from the balance sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expired. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability that has been extinguished or transferred to another party and the consideration paid including any non cash assets transferred or liability assumed, is recognised in Statement of profit or loss as other gains or (losses).
Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer the settlement of liabilities for aleast twelve months after the reporting period.
Where there is a breach of a material provision of a long term loan arrangement on or before the end of the reporting period with the effect that the liability becomes payable on demand on the reporting date, the same is classified as current unless the lender agreed, after the reporting period and before the approval of financial statements for issue, not to demand payment as a consequence of the breach.
j TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES
These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid at the period end. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is
not due within 12 months after the reporting period. They are recognised initially at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
k FOREIGN CURRENCY
(i) Foreign currency transactions
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currencies of the Company at the exchange rate prevaling at the date of the transactions. Monetary assets (other then investments in companies registered outside India) and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate at the reporting date.
Investments in companies registered outside India are converted at rate prevailing at the date of aquisition. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary items that are measured based on historical cost in a foreign currency are not translated.
Difference on account of changes in foreign currency are generally charged to the statement of profit & loss except the following:
The Company has availed the exemption available under Para D13AA of Ind AS - 101 of "First time adoption of Indian Accounting Standards". Accordingly, exchange gains and losses on foregin currency borrowings taken prior to April 1, 2016 which are related to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are adjusted in the carrying cost of such asset.
1 REVENUE
(i) Sale of goods
Revenue is recognised when the significant risk and rewards of the ownership have been transferred to the buyer, recovery of consideration is probable, the associated cost and possible return of goods can be measured reliably, there is no continuing effective control/managerial involvement in respect of the goods, and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably.
Revenue from sale of goods in the course of ordinary activities is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivables net of returns, trade discount, volume rebates and taxes and duties on behalf of government. This inter alia involves discounting of the consideration due to the present value if the payment extends beyond normal credit terms.
The timing of the transfer of control varies depending on the individual terms of the sale.
Other Operating Revenue
Income from sale of power is recognised on the basis of units wheeled during the period. Income from carbon credits are recognised on credit of Carbon Emission Reduction (CER) by the approving authority in the manner in which it is unconditionally available to the generating Company.
Incentives on exports and other Government incentives related to operations are recognised in the statement of profit or loss after due consideration of certainty of utilization/receipt of such incentives
(ii) Sale of Services
Revenue from services is recognised when agreed contractual task has been completed.
(iii) Other Income
a) Dividend income is recognised when right to receive dividend is estaiblished.
b) Interest and other income are recognised on accrual basis on time proportion basis and measured on effective interest rate.
m GOVERNMENT GRANTS
(i) Grants from the Government are recognised at their fair value where there is an reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the Company will comply with all the attached conditions.
(ii) Government grant relating to purchase of Property, Plant and Equipment are included in "Other current/ non-current liabilities" as Government Grant - Deferred Income and are credited to Profit or loss on a straight line basis over the expected life of the related asset and presented within "Other operating Income".
n EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
(i) During Employment benefits
(a) Short term employee benefits
Short-term employee benefits are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably.
(b) Share-based payment transactions
Equity settled share based payments to employees and others providing similar services are measured at the fair value of the equity instruments at the grant date.
The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share based payments is expensed on a straight line basis over the vesting period, based on the company''s estimate of equity instruments that will eventually vest, with a corresponding increase in equity. At the end of each reporting period, the company revises its estimate of the number of equity instruments expected to vest. The impact of the revision of the original estimate, if any, is recognised in Statement of profit and loss such that the cumulative expenses reflects the revised estimate, with a corresponding adjustment to the Share Based Payments Reserves.
The dilutive effect of outstanding options is reflected as additional share dilution in the computation of diluted earnings per share.
(ii) Post Employment benefits
(a) Defined contribution plans
A defined contibution plan is a post employment benefit plan under which a Company pays fixed contribution into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. The Company makes specified monthly contributions towards government administered Providend Fund scheme.
Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plans are expensed as the related service is provided. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in future payments is available.
(b) Defined benefit plans
The Company pays gratuity to the employees who have has completed five years of service with the company at the time when employee leaves the Company. The gratuity is paid as per the provisions of Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972.
The gratuity liability amount is contributed to the approved gratuity fund formed exclusively for gratuity payment to the employees.
The liability in respect of gratuity and other post-employment benefits is calculated using the Projected Unit Credit Method and spread over the periods during which the benefit is expected to be derived from employees'' services.
Re-measurment of defined benefit plans in respect of post employment are charged to Other Comprehensive Income.
(c) Termination benefits
Termination benefits are payable when employment is terminated by the Company before the normal retirement date or when an employee accepts voluntary redundancy in exchange for these benefits. In case of an offer made to encourage voluntary redundancy the termination benefits are measured based on the number of employees expected to accept the offer. Benefits falling due more than twelve months after the end of reporting period are discounted to the present value.
o INCOME TAXES
Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in statement of profit and loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in the other comprehensive income or in equity. In which case, the tax is also recognised in the other comprehensive income or in equity.
(i) Current tax
Current tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount
expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities, based on tax rates and laws that are enacted or subsequently enacted at the Balance sheet date.
Current tax assets and liabilities are offset only if, the Company:
a) has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts; and
b) intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset
and settle the liability simultaneously.
(ii) Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit.
Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. The carrying amount of Deferred tax liabilities and assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting period. Deferred tax is recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which they can be used.
The measurement of deferred tax reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if:
a) the Company has a legally enforceable right to set off current
tax assets against current tax liabilities; and
b) the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate
to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority on the same taxable Company.
p BORROWING COSTS
General and specific Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are capitalised as part of the cost of that asset till the date it is ready for its intended use or sale. Other borrowing costs are recognised as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.
Investment income earned on the temporary invetsment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing cost eligible for capitalisation. All other borrowing costs are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the period for which they are incurred.
q LEASES
(i) Determining whether an arrangement contains a lease At inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether the arrangement is or contains a lease.
As a lessee
Leases of property plant and equipment where the Company, as lessee, has substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership are classified as finance leases. Finance lease are capitalised at the lower of lease''s inception at the fair value of the lease property and the present value of minimum lease payments. The corresponding rental obligations, if any net of finance charges are included in borrowing or other financial liabilities as appropiate. Each lease payment is allocated between the liability and the finance cost. The finance cost is charged to the profit or loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of Interest on the remianing balance of liability for each period.
Leases in which a significant portion of risk and rewards of ownership are not transferred to the Company as a lessee are classified as operating lease. Payments made under operating leases are charged to Profit and Loss on a straight line basis over the period of lease except where another systematic basis is more representative of time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased assets are consumed.
As a lessor
Lease Income from opearting leases where the Company is a lessor is recognised as income on a straight line basis over the lease term unless the receipts are structured to increase in line with the expected general inflation to compensate for the expected inflationary cost increases.
Non- Current assets held for sale:
Non Current assets are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use and sale is considered highly probable. They are measured at lower of their (a.) carrying amount and (b.) fair value less cost to sell. Non current asset are not depreciated or amortised while they are classified as held for sale.
Provisions and contingent liabilities
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obiligation and the amount can be reliably estimated.
Provisions are measured at the present value of management''s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period. The discount rate used to determine the present value is a pre tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as interest expenses.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed in respect of possible obiligations that arise from past events but their existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of Company or where any present obligation cannot be measured in terms of future outflow of resources or where a reliable estimate of the obligation cannot be made.
Contingent assets are not recognised. However, when the realisation of income is virtually certain, then the related asset is no longer a contingent asset, but it is recognised as an asset.
t Segment reporting
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Chief Operating Decision-Maker.
u Biological Assets
Biological Assets are measured at fair value less costs to sell, with any changes therein recognised in the Statement of Profit & Loss.
v Standards Issued but not effective
On March 28,2018, the ministry of corporate affais (MCA) has notified Ind AS 115-Revenue from Contract with Customers and certain amendment to existing Ind AS. These amendments shall be applicable to the Company from April 1,2018.
(a) Issue of Ind AS 115- Revenue from Contracts with Customers
(i) Ind AS 115 will supersede the current revenue recognition guidance including Ind AS 18 Revenue, Ind AS 11 Construction Contracts and the related interpretations. Ind AS 115 provides a single model of accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers based on the identification and satisfaction of performance obligations.
(ii) Amendment to Existing issued Ind As
The MCA has also carried out amendments of the following accounting standards:
(a) Ind AS 21- The Effects of changes in Foreign Exchanges Rates
(b) Ind AS 40- Investment Property
(c) Ind AS 12- Income Taxes
(d) Ind AS 28- Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures and
(e) Ind AS 112- Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities
Application of above standards are not expected to have any significant impact on the Company''s Financial Statements.
Mar 31, 2015
B.1 Basis of Preparation:
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the
generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical
cost convention on accrual basis, except for certain tangible assets
which are being carried at revalued amounts.
These financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material
aspects with the Accounting Standards notified under Rule 7 of the
Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 in respect of section 133 of the
Companies Act, 2013 and other recognised accounting practices and
policies.
B.2 Tangible and Intangible assets
Tangible and intangible assets (other than those acquired under Hire
Purchase Schemes) are stated at cost of acquisition / revalued amount,
less accumulated depreciation and impairments, if any. Revalued assets
are stated at their fair value as at the date of revaluation based on
report of approved valuer less accumulated depreciation. Cost of fixed
assets includes taxes, duties, freight and other incidental expenses
related to the acquisition and installation after reducing Cenvat
credit received/ receivable, if any. With effect from 1st April, 2011,
gain/loss on account of fluctuation in exchange rates pertaining to
long term foreign currency monetary items, to the extent it is related
to acquisition of depreciable assets, is adjusted to the cost of the
assets.
Items of fixed assets that have been retired from active use and are
held for disposal are stated at the lower of their net book value and
net realisable value . Any expected loss is recognised immediately in
the Statement of Profit and Loss. Fixed assets acquired under Hire
Purchase Schemes are valued at cash price less depreciation.
In accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standard 16 (AS 16),
"Borrowing Costs", borrowing costs attributable to
acquisition/construction of a qualifying asset (i.e. an asset requiring
substantial period of time to get ready for intended use or sale) are
added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are
substantially ready for their intended use or sale. Pre-operative
expenses incurred during construction period are capitalised, where
appropriate.
B.3 Depreciation and Amortisation:
Depreciation being the difference between original cost/ revalued
amount and estimated residual value is provided over the estimated
useful life of the asset. The useful life of assets & the estimated
residual value, which are different from those prescribed under
Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, are based on technical advice.
The useful life and estimated realisable values, adopted are as
follows:
Type of Useful Life Residual
Asset Adopted Value Adopted
* Building 3 to 22 Years 5 Percent
* Plant and Equipment 12 to 26 Years 5 to 27 Percent
Depreciation on additions during the year is provided on pro rata basis
with reference to month of addition/ installation. Depreciation on
assets disposed /discarded is charged upto the month of sale excluding
the month in which such asset is sold.
B.4 Impairment of Assets:
The Company reviews the carrying value of tangible and intangible
assets for any possible impairment at each Balance Sheet date. An
impairment loss is recognised when the carrying amount of an asset
exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater
of net selling price and value in use. In assessing the recoverable
amount, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present
value at appropriate discount rates. If at the Balance Sheet date there
is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer
exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected
at the recoverable amount.
B.5 Inventories:
Inventories, other than realisable by-products, are valued at lower of
cost and net realisable value. The cost of inventories is arrived at on
moving average price method. Net realisable value is the estimated
selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated
costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
The cost of manufactured products comprises direct costs and production
overheads including depreciation. Realisable by products are valued at
net realisable value. Cost of trading items includes cost of purchase
and other costs of acquisition attributable thereto.
B.6 Retirement Benefits:
(i) Short term employee benefits are recognised as an expense in the
Statement of Profit and Loss of the year in which service is rendered.
(ii) Contribution to defined contribution schemes such as Provident
Fund, Family Pension Fund and Superannuation Fund are charged to the
Statement of Profit and Loss .
(iii) The Company makes annual contribution to Employees Group Gratuity
cum Life Assurance Scheme in respect of qualifying employees and the
same is recognised as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss .
Additional liability, if any, in respect of gratuity and liability in
respect of leave encashment is recognised on the basis of valuation
done by an independent actuary applying Project Unit Credit Method. The
actuarial gain/ loss arising during the year is recognised in the
Statement of Profit and Loss of the year.
B.7 Investments:
Investments that are readily realisable and are intended to be held for
not more than one year, are classified as current investments. All
other investments are classified as non- current investments. Current
investments are carried at cost or fair value, whichever is lower.
Non-current investments are carried at cost. However, provision is made
for diminution in the value of these investments, which in the opinion
of Board of Directors is other than temporary and the same is made for
each investment individually.
Investments include investments in shares of companies registered
outside India. Such investments are stated at cost by converting
relevant foreign currency at the rate of exchange prevailing on the
date of acquisition.
B.8 Premium on Redemption of Debentures:
Premium payable, if any, on redemption of debentures is spread over the
life of debentures.
B.9 Foreign Exchange Transactions:
Transactions in foreign currency are accounted at the exchange spot
rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. Year end receivables
and payables are translated at year end rate of exchange. With effect
from 1st April 2011, gain/loss on account of fluctuations in exchange
rates pertaining to long term foreign currency borrowings to the extent
they are related to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets is adjusted
to the cost of asset, and in case of other long term borrowings, the
same are amortised over the life of such long term borrowings.
In all other cases , the difference on account of fluctuation in the
rate of exchange is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
B.10 Forward Exchange Contracts:
In case of forward exchange contracts, premium/discount arising at the
inception of the contracts is spread over the life of the contracts.
Exchange fluctuation on such contracts is recognised in the Statement of
Profit & Loss in the year in which there is a change in exchange rates.
B.11 Borrowing Costs:
In accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standard (AS) 16,
"Borrowing Costs", borrowing costs directly attributable to
acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are added
to the cost of those assets , until such time as the assets are
substantially ready for their intended use or sale. Other borrowing
costs are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
B.12 Employee Stock Options:
Stock options granted to employees under the "Ruchi Soya Employee Stock
Option Plan 2007"are accounted as per accounting treatment prescribed
by SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase
Scheme) Guidelines, 1999 and the 'Guidance Note on Share Based
Payments' issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountant of India
(ICAI). Accordingly, the excess of market price of the shares as on the
date of grant of options over the exercise price is recognised as
deferred employee compensation and is charged to the Statement of
Profit and Loss on straight-line basis over the vesting period of the
respective option. The number of options expected to vest is based on
the best available estimate and is revised, if necessary, where
subsequent information indicates that the number of stock options
expected to vest differs from the previous estimates.
B.13 Revenue Recognition :
Sale of goods:
Domestic sales are recognised at the point of dispatch of goods when
the substantial risks and rewards of ownership in the goods are
transferred to the buyer as per the terms of the contract and are net
of returns. Sales are stated net of trade discounts and taxes on sale.
Export sales are recognised when significant risks and rewards in
respect of ownership of goods are transferred to the buyer as per the
terms of the contract.
Export entitlements are recognised as income when the right to receive
the same as per the terms of the scheme is established in respect of
the exports made and where there is no significant uncertainty
regarding the ultimate realisation.
Carbon Credits are recognised on credit of Carbon Emission Reduction
(CER units) by the approving authority in a manner it is
unconditionally available to the generating entity.
Sale of Services:
Revenue from services is recognised on rendering of the services.
Notes to Financial Statement for the year ended March 31, 2015
Other Income:
(i) Dividend income on investment is recognised when the right to
receive dividend is established.
(ii) Interest and other Income are recognised on accrual basis on time
proportion basis.
B.14 LEASE ACCOUNTING:
As a Lessee
Operating lease payments are recognised as expenditure in the Statement
of Profit and Loss as per the terms of the respective lease agreements.
As a Lessor
The Company has given assets on an operating lease basis. Lease
rentals are accounted on accrual basis in accordance with the
respective lease agreements.
B.15 Accounting of Taxes on Income:
Tax expense comprises of current tax and deferred tax . Current tax is
measured at amount expected to be paid to tax authorities using the
applicable tax rates. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
recognised for future tax consequences attributable to timing
difference between taxable income and accounting income that are
capable of reversal in one or more subsequent years and are measured
using relevant enacted tax rates.
Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset only when
and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay
normal income tax during the specified period. Such asset is reviewed at
each Balance Sheet date and the carrying amount of the MAT credit asset
is written down to the extent there is no longer a convincing evidence
to the effect that the Company will pay normal income tax during the
specified period.
B.16 Provisions and Contingent Liabilities:
Provisions: Provisions are recognised when there is a present
obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow
of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the
obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the
obligation.
Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure
required to settle the present obligation at the balance sheet date and
are not discounted to its present value.
Contingent Liabilities : Contingent liabilities are disclosed in
respect of possible obligations that may arise from past events but
their existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non occurrence
of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of
the Company. The amount of liability is based on a reliable estimate
when it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to
settle an obligation and in respect of which a reliable estimate can be
made. Provision for contingent liablity is not discounted and is
determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at
the year end date. Contingent assets are not recognized in the
financial statements.
b) Rights, Preferences and Restrictions attached to shares
Equity Shares: The Company has one class of equity shares having a par
value of Rs. 2 per share. Each shareholder is eligible for one vote per
share held. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject
to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General
Meeting. In the event of liquidation, the equity shareholders are
eligible to receive the remaining assets of the Company after
distribution of all preferential amounts, in proportion to their
shareholding.
Lock in Restrictions
None of the shares are subject to lock in restrictions. Preference
Shares: 6% Non-Convertible Redeemable Cumulative Preference Shares of
Rs. 100/- each were issued pursuant to the Scheme of Amalgamation and
Arrangement between Sunshine Oleochem Limited, Ruchi Soya Industries
Limited and their respective shareholders sanctioned by the Hon'ble High
Court of judicature of Mumbai in an earlier year on the same terms and
conditions as originally issued by Sunshine Oleochem Limited.
These preference shares are redeemable as follows:
a) First installment of Rs. 33/- per preference share on completion of
144 months from March 31, 2009.
b) Second installment of Rs. 33/- per preference share on completion of
156 months from March 31, 2009.
c) Third installment of Rs. 34/- per preference share on completion of
168 months from March 31, 2009.
(c) Shares alloted under Employee Stock Option Plan Scheme, 2007 as
modified from time to time. Refer Note 2 (L).
L EMPLOYEES STOCK OPTIONS
(a) The Company vide resolution passed at their Extra Ordinary General
Meeting held on November 28, 2007 as modified by resolution passed at
the Extra Ordinary Meeting held on June 16, 2009 approved grant of up
to 54,71,000 options to eligible directors and employees of the Company
and its subsidiary Ruchi Worldwide Limited.
(b) In terms of the said approval, the eligible employees/ directors
are entitled against each option to subscribe for one equity share of
face value of Rs. 2/- each at a premium of Rs. 33/- per share.
(c) The holders of the Employee Stock Options are entitled to exercise
the option within a period of three years from the date of first
vesting, failing which they stand cancelled. In the case of termination
of employment by the Company, all options, vested or not, stand
cancelled immediately. In case of voluntary resignation, all un-vested
options stand cancelled. The resigning employees may exercise the
vested options concurrently with the resignation, beyond which such
options stand cancelled. In the event of death of an employee,
retirement or the employee becoming totally and permanently disabled,
all unvested options vest immediately and can be exercised during the
original term of the option.
M (a) In an earlier year, the Hon'ble High Court of judicature of
Mumbai, had approved u/s. 391-394 the Scheme of Amalgamation and
Arrangement of 'Mac Oil Palm Limited' with Ruchi Soya Industries
Limited and its shareholders, which was effective from April 1, 2009.
(b) Pursuant to the Scheme referred to in (a) above, the Company had,
in an earlier year, created Business Development Reserve from the
balance standing to the credit of General Reserve & Securities Premium
Account.
In terms of the Scheme, as and when deemed fit by the Board, the said
Business Development Reserve is available for adjusting various
expenses, including advertisement, sales promotion, development of
brands, research and development activities, provision / write off of
doubtful debtors/current assets/loans and advances, additional
depreciation necessitated by revaluation of fixed assets and expenses
of amalgamation including expenses of the Transferor Company i.e. Mac
Oil Palm Limited, incurred on or after 1st April 2009, after adjusting
for any tax effects, both current and deferred tax thereon.
d) Had the Scheme, approved by the Hon'ble High Court, not prescribed
the accounting treatment as described in (b) above,
i) the Company would have been required to:
Credit an amount of Rs. 36,157.70 lac to Revaluation Reserve instead of
the Business Development Reserve.
Debit the additional depreciation ( Including Rs. 7,068.87 lac on
account of Depreciation on account of transition provisions of Schedule
II of Companies Act 2013 ) arising from the revaluation of fixed assets
of Rs. 10,259.83 lac (previous year Rs. 1,946.45 lac), Reversal of
revaluation on sale of assets amounting to Rs. 17.74 lac (Previous year
Rs. 566.93 lac) and additional Impairment on revalued assets amounting
to Rs. Nil/- (Previous year Rs. 42.43 lac) to Revaluation Reserve
instead of Business Development Reserve and credit an equivalent amount
to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Accordingly, there is no impact on
the Statement of Profit and Loss .
Debit the Advertisement and Sales Promotion expenses of Rs. 3,981.27
lac (net of current tax thereon) (previous year Rs. 2,015.81 lac) to
the Statement of Profit and Loss .
Credit the amount of Rs. 162.26 lac (previous year credit Rs. 7.45 lac
) being the reversal of provision for doubtful debts / advances [ net of
deferred tax thereon] and Debit the amount of Rs. 18.85 lac (previous
year Rs. Nil ) being the Bad Debts and advances written off [ net of
current tax thereon] to the Statement of Profit & Loss.
ii) As a cumulative impact of the treatment described in para (i)
above, the accumulated balance in the General Reserve and Securities
Premium account as at March 31, 2015 would have been higher by Rs.
5,193.54 lac and Rs. 23,842.30 lac respectively, profit for the year
would have been lower by Rs. 3,837.86 lac, the accumulated balance in
the Statement of Profit and Loss as at March 31, 2015 would have been
lower by Rs. 19,696.38 lac, the balance in Revaluation Reserve would
have been higher by Rs. 14,711.59 lac and the balance in Business
Development Reserve would have been Rs. Nil.
However, the aggregate balance in Reserves and Surplus as at March 31,
2015 would have remained the same .
N The Company has adopted the principles of derivatives and hedge
accounting prescribed in Accounting Standard (AS) 30 "Financial
Instruments: Recognition and Measurement", to account for interest rate
swaps. Accordingly, mark to market losses of Rs. 544.57 lac (net of
taxes) upto the year ended March 31, 2015 [Previous year Rs. 561.15 lac
(net of taxes)] on account of interest rate swaps designated as
effective hedge has been recognised in the balance sheet under the head
"Hedging Reserve". The corresponding derivative liability has been
disclosed under Other Long Term Liabilities in Note 5 and Other current
Liabilities in Note 9.
Other disclosures
Gratuity is payable to all employees at the rate of 15 days salary for
each completed year of service. In respect of employees covered by the
Payment of Gratuity Act, 1965. The same is subject to a maximum limit
of Rs. 10.00 lac.
Salary escalation is considered in line with the industry practice
considering promotion and demand and supply of the employees. ii)
Defined contribution plan
The Company has recognised Rs. 891.15 lac (Previous year Rs. 777.16
lac) towards contribution to Provident and pension Fund and contributed
Rs. 79.11 lac (Previous year Rs. 76.85 lac) towards Employee State
Insurance in the Statement Profit and Loss.
E i) In the opinion of the directors the diminution in the value of
shares is temporary in nature and accordingly , no provision for
diminution is considered necessary.
ii) During the year, the Company has divested its entire holding of
37,50,001 shares in Gemini Edibles and Fats India Private Limited for a
consideration of Rs. 10,992.43 lac. The surplus of Rs. 6,492.43 lac on
divestment has been shown in the Statement of Profit & Loss as an
Exceptional item.
iii) Pursuant to Schemes u/s. 391-394 of then applicable The Companies
Act 1956, approved by the Hon'ble High Court of judicature at Mumbai
and Delhi in an earlier year, 76,30,115 Equity shares of the Company
are held by a Trust for the benefit of the Company and its successors.
The right, title and interest in the Trust has been shown under the
head 'Non- current Investments' at cost in accordance with the
accounting policy of the Company. The dividend received by the Trust in
respect of these shares is included under the head 'Dividend' under
'Other Income' in Note 22.
D. [Excludes Rs. 18.85 lac (Previous year Rs. Nil/-)pertaining to Bad
debts and advances written off debited to Business Development Reserve]
and Excludes Rs. (162.26) lac [ Previous year ( 7.45) lac ] Gain on
Reversal of Provision for doubtful debts and doubtful advances (net of
deferred tax) Refer Note 2 (M).
E. [Excludes Rs. 17.74 lac (Previous year Rs. 566.93 lac) Additional
charge on sale of revalued assets debited to Business Development
Reserve] Refer Note 2 (M).
F. [Excludes Rs. 3,981.27 lac (Previous year Rs. 2,015.81 lac)
pertaining to Advertisement & sales promotion expenses [both years net
of current tax thereon] debited to Business Development Reserve] Refer
Note 2(M).
Mar 31, 2014
1 Basis of Preparation:
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the
generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical
cost convention on accrual basis, except for certain tangible assets
which are being carried at revalued amounts. These financial statements
have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with the
Accounting Standards notified under the Companies Act, 1956 ("the Act")
read with the General Circular 15/2013 dated September 13, 2013 of the
Ministry of Corporate Affairs in respect of section 133 of the
Companies Act, 2013.
2 Tangible And Intangible Assets:
Tangible and intangible assets (other than those acquired under Hire
Purchase Schemes) are stated at cost of acquisition / revalued amount,
less accumulated depreciation and impairments, if any. Revalued assets
are stated at their fair value as at the date of revaluation based on
report of approved valuer less accumulated depreciation. Cost of fixed
assets includes taxes, duties, freight and other incidental expenses
related to the acquisition and installation after reducing Cenvat
credit received/ receivable, if any. With effect from 1st April, 2011,
gain/loss on account of fluctuation in exchange rates pertaining to
long term foreign currency monetary items, to the extent it is related
to acquisition of depreciable assets, is adjusted to the cost of the
assets.
Items of fixed assets that have been retired from active use and are
held for disposal are stated at the lower of their net book value and
net realisable value . Any expected loss is recognised immediately in
the Statement of Profit and Loss. Fixed assets acquired under Hire
Purchase Schemes are valued at cash price less depreciation.
In accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standard 16 (AS 16),
"Borrowing Costs", borrowing costs attributable to
acquisition/construction of a qualifying asset (i.e. an asset requiring
substantial period of time to get ready for intended use or sale) are
added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are
substantially ready for their intended use or sale. Pre-operative
expenses incurred during construction period are capitalised, where
appropriate.
3 Depreciation And Amortisation:
Depreciation on other than intangible assets, is provided on straight
line basis at the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies
Act, 1956 . Depreciation is provided on pro-rata basis with reference
to the month of addition/ installation, except low value items costing
Rs. 5,000/- or less which are written off fully in the year of
purchase. Depreciation on assets disposed /discarded is charged
excluding the month in which such assets is sold. In respect of
intangible assets (other than expenditure on software) the cost is
amortised over the period for which the asset''s economic benefits are
expected to accrue. Expenditure incurred on software acquired is
amortised over a maximum period of five years from the date the
expenditure is incurred or its useful life, whichever is shorter.
4 Impairment of Assets:
The Company reviews the carrying value of tangible and intangible
assets for any possible impairment at each Balance Sheet date. An
impairment loss is recognised when the carrying amount of an asset
exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater
of net selling price and value in use. In assessing the recoverable
amount, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present
value at appropriate discount rates. If at the Balance Sheet date there
is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer
exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected
at the recoverable amount.
5 Inventories:
Inventories, other than realisable by-products, are valued at lower of
cost and net realisable value. The cost of inventories is arrived at on
moving average price method. Net realisable value is the estimated
selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated
costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
The cost of manufactured products comprises direct costs and production
overheads including depreciation. Realisable by products are valued at
net realisable value. Cost of trading items includes cost of purchase
and other costs of acquisition attributable thereto.
6 Retirement Benefits:
(i) Short term employee benefits are recognised as an expense in the
Statement of Profit and Loss of the year in which service is rendered.
(ii) Contribution to defined contribution schemes such as Provident
Fund, Family Pension Fund and Superannuation Fund are charged to the
Statement of Profit and Loss .
(iii) The Company makes annual contribution to Employees Group Gratuity
cum Life Assurance Scheme in respect of qualifying employees and the
same is recognised as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss .
Additional liability, if any, in respect of gratuity and liability in
respect of leave encashment is recognised on the basis of valuation
done by an independent actuary applying Project Unit Credit Method. The
actuarial gain/loss arising during the year is recognised in the
Statement of Profit and Loss of the year.
7 Investments:
Investments that are readily realisable and are intended to be held for
not more than one year, are classified as current investments. All
other investments are classified as non-current investments. Current
investments are carried at cost or fair value, whichever is lower.
Non-current investments are carried at cost. However, provision is made
for diminution in the value of these investments, which in the opinion
of Board of Directors is other than temporary and the same is made for
each investment individually.
Investments include investments in shares of companies registered
outside India. Such investments are stated at cost by converting
relevant foreign currency at the rate of exchange prevailing on the
date of acquisition.
8 Expenses Incurred For Issue of Shares, Debentures and Other
Miscellaneous Expenses:
Share issue expenses incurred after April 1, 2003 are either charged to
the Statement of Profit and Loss or securities premium account.
Expenses pertaining to issue of debentures are charged to the Statement
of Profit and Loss in the year in which they are incurred.
9 Premium on Redemption of Debentures:
Premium payable, if any, on redemption of debentures is spread over the
life of debentures.
10 Foreign Exchange Transactions:
Transactions in foreign currency are accounted at the exchange spot
rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. Year end receivables
and payables are translated at year end rate of exchange. With effect
from 1st April 2011, gain/loss on account of fluctuations in exchange
rates pertaining to long term foreign currency borrowings to the extent
they are related to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets is adjusted
to the cost of asset, and in case of other long term borrowings, the
same are amortised over the life of such long term borrowings.
In all other cases, the difference on account of fluctuation in the
rate of exchange is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
11 Forward Exchange Contracts:
In case of forward exchange contracts, premium/discount arising at the
inception of the contracts is spread over the life of the contracts.
Exchange fluctuation on such contracts is recognised in the Statement
of Profit & Loss in the year in which there is a change in exchange
rates.
12 Borrowing Costs:
In accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standard (AS) 16,
"Borrowing Costs", borrowing costs directly attributable to
acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are added
to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are
substantially ready for their intended use or sale. Other borrowing
costs are charged to The Statement of Profit and Loss.
13 Employee Stock Options:
Stock options granted to employees under the "Ruchi Soya Employee Stock
Option Plan 2007"are accounted as per accounting treatment prescribed
by SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase
Scheme) Guidelines, 1999 and the ''Guidance Note on Share Based
Payments'' issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountant of India
(ICAI). Accordingly, the excess of market price of the shares as on the
date of grant of options over the exercise price is recognised as
deferred employee compensation and is charged to the Statement of
Profit and Loss on straight-line basis over the vesting period of the
respective option. The number of options expected to vest is based on
the best available estimate and is revised, if necessary, where
subsequent information indicates that the number of stock options
expected to vest differs from the previous estimates.
14 Revenue Recognition :
Sale of goods:
Domestic sales are recognised at the point of dispatch of goods when
the substantial risks and rewards of ownership in the goods are
transferred to the buyer as per the terms of the contract and are net
of returns. Sales are stated net of trade discounts and taxes on sale.
Export sales are recognised when significant risks and rewards in
respect of ownership of goods are transferred to the buyer as per the
terms of the contract.
Export entitlements are recognised as income when the right to receive
the same as per the terms of the scheme is established in respect of
the exports made and where there is no significant uncertainty
regarding the ultimate realisation.
Carbon Credits are recognised on credit of Carbon Emission Reduction
(CER) by the approving authority in a manner it is unconditionally
available to the generating entity.
Sale of Services:
Revenue from services is recognised on rendering of the services.
Other Income:
(i) Dividend income on investment is recognised when the right to
receive dividend is established.
(ii) Interest and other income are recognised on accrual basis on time
proportion basis.
15 Lease Accounting:
As a Lessee
Operating lease payments are recognised as expenditure in the Statement
of Profit and Loss as per the terms of the respective lease agreements.
As a Lessor
The Company has given assets on an operating lease basis. Lease
rentals are accounted on accrual basis in accordance with the
respective lease agreements.
16 Accounting of Taxes on Income:
Tax expense comprises of current tax and deferred tax . Current tax is
measured at amount expected to be paid to tax authorities using the
applicable tax rates. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
recognised for future tax consequences attributable to timing
difference between taxable income and accounting income that are
capable of reversal in one or more subsequent years and are measured
using relevant enacted tax rates.
Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset only
when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company
will pay normal income tax during the specified period. Such asset is
reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and the carrying amount of the MAT
credit asset is written down to the extent there is no longer a
convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal
income tax during the specified period.
17 Provisions and Contingent Liabilities:
Provisions: Provisions are recognised when there is a present
obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow
of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the
obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the
obligation.
Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure
required to settle the present obligation at the balance sheet date and
are not discounted to its present value.
Contingent Liabilities: Contingent liabilities are disclosed in respect
of possible obligations that may arise from past events but their
existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non occurrence of one
or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the
Company. The amount of liablity is based on a reliable estimate when it
is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle an
obligation and in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made.
Provision for contingent liablity is not discounted and is determined
based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the year
end date. Contingent assets are not recognized in the financial
statements.
Mar 31, 2013
A.1 Basis of Preparation:
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the
generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical
cost convention on accrual basis, except for certain tangible assets
which are being carried at revalued amounts. These financial statements
have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with the
Accounting Standards notified under Section 211(3C) of the Companies
(Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, as amended and the other relevant
provisions of The Companies Act, 1956.
A.2 Tangible And Intangible Assets:
Tangible and intangible assets (other than those acquired under Hire
Purchase Schemes) are stated at cost of acquisition / revalued amount,
less accumulated depreciation and impairments, if any. Revalued assets
are stated at their fair value as at the date of revaluation based on
report of approved valuer less accumulated depreciation. Cost of fixed
assets includes taxes, duties, freight and other incidental expenses
related to the acquisition and installation after reducing Cenvat
credit received/ receivable, if any. With effect from April 1, 2011,
gain/loss on account of fluctuation in exchange rates pertaining to
long term foreign currency monetary items, to the extent it is related
to acquisition of depreciable assets, is adjusted to the cost of the
assets.
Items of fixed assets that have been retired from active use and are
held for disposal are stated at the lower of their net book value and
net realisable value . Any expected loss is recognised immediately in
the Statement of Profit and Loss. Fixed assets acquired under Hire
Purchase Schemes are valued at cash price less depreciation.
In accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standard 16 (AS 16),
"Borrowing Costs", borrowing costs attributable to
acquisition/construction of a qualifying asset (i.e. an asset requiring
substantial period of time to get ready for intended use or sale) are
added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are
substantially ready for their intended use or sale. Pre-operative
expenses incurred during construction period are capitalised, where
appropriate.
A.3 Depreciation And Amortisation:
Depreciation on other than intangible assets, is provided on straight
line basis at the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies
Act, 1956 . Depreciation is provided on pro-rata basis with reference
to the month of addition/ installation/ disposal of assets, except low
value items costing Rs. 5,000/- or less which are written off fully in
the year of purchase. In respect of intangible assets (other than
expenditure on software) the cost is amortised over the period for
which the asset''s economic benefits are expected to accrue. Expenditure
incurred on software acquired is amortised over a maximum period of
five years from the date the expenditure is incurred or its useful
life, whichever is shorter.
A.4 Impairment Of Assets:
The Company reviews the carrying value of tangible and intangible
assets for any possible impairment at each Balance Sheet date. An
impairment loss is recognised when the carrying amount of an asset
exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater
of net selling price and value in use. In assessing the recoverable
amount, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present
value at appropriate discount rates. If at the Balance Sheet date there
is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer
exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected
at the recoverable amount.
A.5 Inventories:
Inventories, other than realisable by-products, are valued at lower of
cost and net realisable value. The cost of inventories is arrived at on
Moving Average price method. Net realisable value is the estimated
selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated
costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
The cost of manufactured products comprises direct costs and production
overheads including depreciation. Realisable by products are valued at
net realisable value. Cost of trading items includes cost of purchase
and other costs of acquisition attributable thereto.
A.6 Retirement benefits:
(i) Short term employee benefits are recognised as an expense in the
Statement of Profit and Loss of the year in which service is rendered.
(ii) Contribution to defined contribution schemes such as Provident
Fund, Family Pension Fund and Superannuation Fund are charged to the
Statement of Profit and Loss .
(iii) The Company makes annual contribution to Employees Group Gratuity
cum Life Assurance Scheme in respect of qualifying employees and the
same is recognised as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss .
Additional liability, if any, in respect of gratuity and liability in
respect of leave encashment is recognised on the basis of valuation
done by an independent actuary applying Project Unit Credit Method. The
actuarial gain/loss arising during the year is recognised in the
Statement of Profit and Loss of the year.
A.7 Investments:
Investments that are readily realisable and are intended to be held for
not more than one year, are classified as current investments. All
other investments are classified as non- current investments. Current
investments are carried at cost or fair value, whichever is lower.
Non-current investments are carried at cost. However, provision is made
for diminution in the value of these investments, which in the opinion
of Board of Directors is other than temporary and the same is made for
each investment individually.
Investments include investments in shares of companies registered
outside India. Such investments are stated at cost by converting
relevant foreign currency at the rate of exchange prevailing on the
date of acquisition.
A.8 Expenses Incurred For Issue of Shares, Debentures and Other
Miscellaneous Expenses:
Share issue expenses incurred after April 1, 2003 are either charged to
the Statement of Profit and Loss or securities premium account.
Expenses pertaining to issue of debentures are charged to the Statement
of Profit and Loss in the year in which they are incurred.
A.9 Premium On Redemption Of Debentures:
Premium payable, if any, on redemption of debentures is spread over the
life of debentures.
A.10 Foreign Exchange Transactions:
Transactions in foreign currency are accounted at the exchange spot
rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. Year end receivables
and payables are translated at year end rate of exchange. With effect
from April 1, 2011, gain/loss on account of fluctuations in exchange
rates pertaining to long term foreign currency borrowings to the extent
they are related to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets is adjusted
to the cost of asset, and in case of other long term borrowings, the
same are amortised over the life of such long term borrowings.
In all other cases , the difference on account of fluctuation in the
rate of exchange is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
A.11 Forward Exchange Contracts:
In case of forward exchange contracts, premium/discount arising at the
inception of the contracts is spread over the life of the contracts.
Exchange fluctuation on such contracts is recognised in the Statement
of Profit & Loss in the year in which there is a change in exchange
rates.
A.12 Borrowing Costs:
In accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standard (AS)16,
"Borrowing Costs", borrowing costs directly attributable to
acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are added
to the cost of those assets , until such time as the assets are
substantially ready for their intended use or sale. Other borrowings
costs are charged to The Statement of Profit and Loss.
A.13 Employee Stock Options:
Stock options granted to employees under the "Ruchi Soya Employee Stock
Option Plan 2007"are accounted as per accounting treatment prescribed
by SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase
Scheme) Guidelines, 1999 and the ''Guidance Note on Share Based
Payments'' issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountant of India
(ICAI). Accordingly, the excess of market price of the shares as on the
date of grant of options over the exercise price is recognised as
deferred employee compensation and is charged to the Statement of
Profit and Loss on straight-line basis over the vesting period of the
respective option. The number of options expected to vest is based on
the best available estimate and is revised, if necessary, where
subsequent information indicates that the number of stock options
expected to vest differs from the previous estimates.
A.14 Revenue Recognition :
Sale of goods:
Domestic sales are recognised at the point of dispatch of goods when
the substantial risks and rewards of ownership in the goods are
transferred to the buyer as per the terms of the contract and are net
of returns. Sales are stated net of trade discounts and taxes on sale.
Export sales are recognised when significant risks and rewards in
respect of ownership of goods are transferred to the buyer as per the
terms of the contract.
Export entitlements are recognised as income when the right to receive
the same as per the terms of the scheme is established in respect of
the exports made and where there is no significant uncertainty
regarding the ultimate realisation.
Carbon Credits are recognised on credit of Carbon Emission Reduction
(CER) by the approving authority in a manner it is unconditionally
available to the generating entity.
Sale of Services:
Revenue from services is recognised on rendering of the services.
Other Income:
(i) Dividend income on investment is recognised when the right to
receive dividend is established.
(ii) Interest and other income are recognised on accrual basis on time
proportion basis.
A.15 Lease Accounting: As a Lessee
Operating lease payments are recognised as expenditure in the Statement
of Profit and Loss as per the terms of the respective lease agreements.
As a Lessor
The Company has given assets on an operating lease basis. Lease
rentals are accounted on accrual basis in accordance with the
respective lease agreements.
A.16 Accounting of Taxes on Income:
Tax expense comprises of current tax and deferred tax . Current tax is
measured at amount expected to be paid to tax authorities using the
applicable tax rates. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
recognised for future tax consequences attributable to timing
difference between taxable income and accounting income that are
capable of reversal in one or more subsequent years and are measured
using relevant enacted tax rates.
Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset only
when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company
will pay normal income tax during the specified period. Such asset is
reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and the carrying amount of the MAT
credit asset is written down to the extent there is no longer a
convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal
income tax during the specified period.
A.17 Provisions and Contingent Liabilities:
Provisions: Provisions are recognised when there is a present
obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow
of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the
obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the
obligation.
Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure
required to settle the present obligation at the balance sheet date and
are not discounted to its present value.
Contingent Liabilities: Contingent liabilities are disclosed in respect
of possible obligations that may arise from past events but whose
existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non occurrence of one
or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the
Company. The amount of liability is based on a reliable estimate when
it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle
an obligation and in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made.
Provision for contingent liability is not discounted and is determined
based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the year
end date. Contingent assets are not recognised in the financial
statements.
Mar 31, 2012
A.I Basis of Preparation:
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the
generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical
cost convention on accrual basis, except for certain tangible assets
which are being carried at revalued amounts. These financia statements
have been prepared to comply in all materia aspects with the Accounting
Standards notified under Section 211 (3C) [Companies (Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2006, as amended] and the other relevant provisions
ofThe Companies Act, 1956.
B.2 Tangible and Intangible Assets:
Tangible and intangible assets (other than those acguired under Hire
Purchase Schemes) are stated at cost of acguisition / revalued amount,
less accumulated depreciation and impairments, if any. Revalued assets
are stated at their fair value as at the date of revaluation based on
report of approved valuer less accumulated depreciation. Cost of fixed
assets includes taxes, duties, freight and other incidental expenses
related to acguisition and installation after reducing Cenvat credit
received/ receivable, if any. With effect from April 1, 2011,gain/loss
on account of fluctuation in exchange rates pertaining to long term
foreign currency monetary items, to the extent it is related to
acguisition of depreciable assets, is adjusted to the cost of the
assets.
Items of fixed assets that have been retired from active use and are
held for disposal are stated at the lower of their net book value and
net realisable value. Any expected loss is recognised immediately in
the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Fixed assets acguired under Hire Purchase Schemes are valued at cash
price less depreciation.
Borrowing costs attributable to acguisition/construction of a
qualifying asset (i.e. an asset requiring substantial period of time to
get ready for intended use or sale) are added to the cost of those
assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their
intended use or sale in accordance with the requirements of Accounting
Standard 16 ("AS 16"),"Borrowing Costs"
Pre-operative expenses incurred during construction period are
capitalised, where appropriate.
B.3 Depreciation and Amortisation:
Depreciation is provided on straight line basis at the rates prescribed
in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 . Depreciation is provided
on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition/
installation/ disposal of assets, except low value items costing Rs
5,000/- or less which are written off fully in the year of purchase. In
respect of intangible assets, the cost is amortised over the period for
which the asset's economic benefits are expected to accrue. Expenditure
incurred on software acquired is amortised over a maximum period of
five years from the date the expenditure is incurred or its useful
life, whichever is shorter.
B.4 Impairment of Assets:
The Company reviews the carrying value of tangible and intangible
assets for any possible impairment at each Balance Sheet date. An
impairment loss is recognised when the carrying amount of an asset
exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater
of net selling price and value in use. In assessing the recoverable
amount, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present
value at appropriate discount rates. If at the Balance Sheet date there
is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer
exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected
at the recoverable amount.
B.5 Inventories:
Inventories, other than realisable by-products, are valued at lower of
cost and net realisable value. The cost of inventories is arrived at on
moving average method. Net realisable value is the estimated selling
price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of
completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
The cost of manufactured products comprises direct costs and production
overheads including depreciation. Realisable by products are valued at
net realisable value. Cost of trading items includes cost of purchase &
other costs of acguisition attributable thereto.
B.6 Retirement Benefits:
(i) Short term employee benefits are recognised as an expense in the
Statement of profit and loss of the year in which service is rendered.
(ii) Contribution to defined contribution schemes such as Provident
Fund, Family Pension Fund and Superannuation Fund are charged to the
Statement of profit and loss.
(iii) The Company makes annual contribution to Employees Group Gratuity
cum Life Assurance Scheme in respect of qualifying employees and the
same is recognised as an expense in the Statement of profit and loss .
Additional liability, if any, in respect of gratuity and liability in
respect of leave encashment is recognised on the basis of valuation
done by an independent actuary applying Project Unit Credit Method. The
actuarial gain/loss arising during the year is recognised in the
Statement of profit and loss of the year.
B.7 Investments:
Investments that are readily realisable and are intended to be held for
not more than one year, are classified as current investments. All
other investments are classified as non- current investments. Current
investments are carried at cost or fair value, whichever is lower.
Non-current investments are carried at cost. However, provision for
diminution in the value of these investments is made, where in the
opinion of Board of Directors the diminution is other than temporary.
The same is made for each investment individually.
Investments include investment in shares of companies registered
outside India. Such investments are stated at cost by converting
relevant foreign currency at the rate of exchange prevailing on the
date of acquisition.
B.8 Expenses Incurred For Issue of Shares, Debentures And Other
Miscellaneous Expenses:
Share issue expenses incurred after April 1, 2003 are either charged to
Statement of Profits Loss or securities premium account. Expenses
pertaining to issue of debentures are charged to the Statement of
Profit & Loss in the year in which they are incurred.
B.9 Premium On Redemption Of Debentures:
Premium payable, if any, on redemption of debentures is spread over the
life of debentures.
B.10 Foreign Exchange Transactions:
Transactions in foreign currency are accounted at the exchange spot
rate prevailing on thedate of the transaction. Year end receivables
and payables are translated at year end rate of exchange. With effect
from April 1, 2011, gain/ loss on account of fluctuation in exchange
rates pertaining to long term foreign currency borrowings to the extent
they are related to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets is adjusted
to the cost of asset, and in case of other long term borrowings, the
same is amortised over the life of such long term borrowings.
In all other cases, the difference on account of fluctuation in the
rate of exchange is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
B.11 Forward Exchange Contracts:
In case of forward exchange contracts, premium/discount arising at the
inception of the contracts is spread over the life of the contracts.
Exchange fluctuation on such contracts is recognised in the Statement
of profit & loss in the year in which there is a change in exchange
rates.
B.I 2 Borrowing Costs:
Borrowing costs directly attributable to acquisition, construction or
production of a qualifying asset are added to the cost of those assets,
until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their
intended use or sale, in accordance with the requirements of Accounting
Standard (AS) 16,"Borrowing Costs" mandated by Rule 3 of the Companies
(Accounting Standards) Rules 2006. Other borrowings costs are charged
to the statement of profit and loss.
B.I 3 Employee Stock Options:
Stock options granted to employees under the "Ruchi Soya Employee Stock
Option Plan 2007" are accounted as per accounting treatment prescribed
by SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase
Scheme) Guidelines, 1999 and the'Guidance Note on Share Based Payments'
issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountant of India (ICAI).
Accordingly, the excess of market price of the shares as on the date of
grant of options over the exercise price is recognised as deferred
employee compensation and is charged to Statement of Profit and Loss on
straight- line basis over the vesting period of the respective option.
The number of options expected to vest is based on the best available
estimate and is revised, if necessary, where subseguent information
indicates that the number of stock options expected to vest differs
from the previous estimates.
B.14 Revenue Recognition:
Sale of goods:
Domestic sales are recognised at the point of dispatch of goods when
the substantial risks and rewards of ownership in the goods are
transferred to the buyer as per the terms of the contract and are net
of returns. Sales are stated net of trade discounts and sales taxes.
Export sales are recognised when significant risks and rewards in
respect of ownership of goods are transferred to the buyer as per the
terms of the contract.
Export entitlements are recognised as income when the right to receive
the same as per the terms of the scheme is established in respect of
the exports made and where there is no significant uncertainty
regarding the ultimate realisation.
Sale of Services:
Revenue from services is recognised on rendering of the services.
Other Income:
(i) Dividend income on investment is recognised when the right to
receive dividend is established.
(ii) Interest and other income are recognised on accrua basis on time
proportion basis.
B.I 5 Lease Accounting:
As a Lessee
Operating lease payments are recognised as expenditure in the Statement
of Profit and Loss as per the terms of the respective lease agreements.
As a Lessor
The Company has given assets on an operating lease basis. Lease
rentals are accounted on accrual basis in accordance with the
respective lease agreements.
B.16 Accounting of Taxes on Income:
Tax expense comprises of current tax and deferred tax . Current tax is
measured at amount expected to be paid to tax authorities using the
applicable tax rates. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
recognised for future tax conseguences attributable to timing
difference between taxable income and accounting income that are
capable of reversal in one or more subseguent years and are measured
using relevant enacted tax rates.
Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset only
when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company
will pay normal income tax during the specified period. Such asset is
reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and the carrying amount of the MAT
credit asset is written down to the extent there is no longer a
convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal
income tax during the specified period.
B.I 7 Provisions And Contingent Liabilities:
Provisions:
Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a
result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources
embodying economic benefits will be reguired to settle the obligation
and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation.
Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure
reguired to settle the present obligation at the Balance sheet date and
are not discounted to its present value.
Contingent Liabilities:
Contingent liabilities are disclosed in respect of possible obligations
that may arise from past events but their existence will be confirmed
by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future
events not wholly within the control of the Company. A provision is
made based on a reliable estimate when it is probable that an outflow
of resources will be reguired to settle an obligation and in respect of
which a reliable estimate can be made. Provision is not discounted and
is determined based on best estimate reguired to settle the obligation
at the year end date.
Contingent assets are not recognised in the financia statements.
Mar 31, 2011
A) FIXED ASSETS
Fixed assets and intangible assets (other than those acquired under
Hire Purchase Schemes) are stated at cost of acquisition / revalued
amount, less accumulated depreciation and impairments, if any. Revalued
assets are stated at their fair value as at the date of revaluation
based on report of approved valuer less accumulated depreciation. Cost
of fixed assets includes taxes, duties, freight and other incidental
expenses related to acquisition and installation after reducing Cenvat
credit received/ receivable, if any. Borrowing costs attributable to
acquisition, construction of a qualifying asset (i.e. an asset
requiring substantial period of time to get ready for intended use) are
capitalised in accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standard
16 (AS 16), "Borrowing Costs". Other pre-operative expenses during
construction period are capitalised, where appropriate. Fixed assets
acquired under Hire Purchase Schemes are valued at cash price less
depreciation.
b) DEPRECIATION AND AMORTISATION
Depreciation is provided on straight line basis at the rates prescribed
in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956. Depreciation is provided on
pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition/ installation/
disposal of assets, except low value items costing Rs. 5,000/- or less
which are written off fully in the year of purchase. In respect of
intangible assets the cost is amortised over the period for which the
assets economic benefits are expected to accrue. Expenditure incurred
on software acquired is amortised over a maximum period of five years
from the date the expenditure is incurred or useful life whichever is
shorter.
c) IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
The Company reviews the carrying values of tangible and intangible
assets for any possible impairment at each Balance Sheet date. An
impairment loss is recognised when the carrying amount of an asset
exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater
of net selling price and value in use. In assessing the recoverable
amount, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present
value at appropriate discount rates. If at the Balance Sheet date there
is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer
exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and asset is reflected at
the recoverable amount.
d) INVENTORIES
Inventories, other than realisable by-products, are valued at lower of
cost and net realisable value. The cost of inventories is arrived at on
moving average basis. The cost of manufactured products comprises
direct costs and production overheads including depreciation.
Realisable by products are valued at net realisable value. Cost of
trading items includes cost of purchase & other costs of acquisition
attributable thereto.
e) RETIREMENT BENEFITS
(i) Short term employee benefits are recognised as an expense in the
profit and loss account of the year in which service is rendered.
(ii) Contribution to defined contribution schemes such as Provident
Fund, Family Pension Fund and Superannuation Fund are charged to the
profit and loss account.
(iii) The Company makes annual contribution to Employees Group Gratuity
cum Life Assurance Scheme in respect of qualifying employees and the
same is recognised as an expense in the profit & loss account.
Additional liability, if any, in respect of gratuity and liability in
respect of leave encashment is recognised on the basis of valuation
done by an independent actuary applying Project Unit Credit Method. The
actuarial gain/loss arising during the year is recognised in the profit
and loss account of the year.
f) INVESTMENTS
Long term investments are valued at cost. Provision is made for
diminution in the value of investments where in the opinion of the
Board of Directors such diminution is other than temporary. Current
investments are valued at lower of cost and fair value.
Investments include investments in shares of companies registered
outside India. Such investments are stated at cost by converting
relevant foreign currency at the rate of exchange prevailing on the
date of acquisition.
g) EXPENSES INCURRED FOR ISSUE OF SHARES, DEBENTURES AND OTHER
MISCELLANEOUS EXPENSES
Preliminary expenses, pre-operative expenses, share issue expenses
incurred prior to April 1, 2003 are written off over a period of 10
years. Share issue expenses incurred after April 1, 2003 are either
charged to profit & loss account or securities premium account.
Expenses pertaining to issue of debentures are charged to profit & loss
account in the year in which they are incurred.
h) PREMIUM ON REDEMPTION OF DEBENTURES
Premium payable, if any, on redemption of debentures is spread over the
life of debentures.
i) FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS
(i) Transactions in foreign currency are accounted at the exchange spot
rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. Year end receivables
and payables are translated at year end rate of exchange. The
difference on account of fluctuation in the rate of exchange is
recognised in the profit and loss account. In case of sales and
purchases the same is included under the respective heads.
(ii) In case of forward exchange contracts, premium/discount arising at
the inception of the contracts is spread over the life of the
contracts. Exchange fluctuation on such contracts is recognised in the
profit & loss account in the year in which there is a change in
exchange rates.
j) BORROWING COSTS
Borrowing costs attributable to acquisition, construction of a
qualifying asset are capitalised in accordance with the requirements of
Accounting Standard (AS)16, "Borrowing Costs" mandated by Rule 3 of the
Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules 2006.
k) EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS
Stock options granted to employees under the Employees' Stock Option
Scheme are accounted as per the SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and
Employee Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999 and the 'Guidance Note
on Share Based Payments' issued by the Institute of Chartered
Accountants of India (ICAI). Accordingly, the excess of market price
of the shares as on the date of grant of options over the exercise
price is recognised as deferred employee compensation and is charged to
profit and loss account on straight- line basis over the vesting
period. The number of options expected to vest is based on the best
available estimate and is revised, if necessary, where subsequent
information indicates that the number of stock options expected to vest
differs from the previous estimates.
I) REVENUE RECOGNITION
(i) Domestic sales are recognised at the point of dispatch of goods to
the customers and are net of returns. Sales are stated net of trade
discount and sales tax.
(ii) Export sales are recognised when significant risks and rewards in
respect of ownership of goods are transferred to customers.
(iii) Export entitlements are recognised as income when the right to
receive the same as per the terms of the scheme is established in
respect of the exports made and where there is no significant
uncertainty regarding the ultimate realisation.
(iv) Revenue from services is recognised on rendering of the services.
(v) Dividend income on investment is recognised when the right to
receive dividend is established.
(vi) Interest and other income are recognised on accrual basis.
m) LEASE ACCOUNTING
Assets taken on lease
Operating lease payments are recognised as expenditure in the Profit
and Loss account as per the terms of the respective lease agreements.
Asset given on lease
The Company has given Plant and Machinery on an operating lease basis.
Lease rentals are accounted on accrual basis in accordance with the
respective lease agreements.
n) ACCOUNTING OF TAXES ON INCOME
Tax expense comprises of current tax and deferred tax. Current tax is
measured at amount expected to be paid to tax authorities using the
applicable tax rates. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
recognised for future tax consequences attributable to timing
difference between taxable income and accounting income that are
capable of reversal in one or more subsequent years and are measured
using relevant enacted tax rates.
o) CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
Contingent liabilities are disclosed in respect of possible obligations
that may arise from past events but their existence will be confirmed
by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future
events not wholly within the control of the Company. A provision is
made based on a reliable estimate when it is probable that an outflow
of resources will be required to settle an obligation and in respect of
which a reliable estimate can be made. Provision is not discounted and
is determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation
at the year end date. Contingent assets are not recognised in the
financial statements.
Mar 31, 2010
A) FIXED ASSETS/INTANGIBLE ASSETS :
Fixed assets are stated at cost/revalued amounts less depreciation.
Revalued assets are stated at their fair value based on report of
approved valuer less depreciation. Cost of fixed assets is arrived at
after including therein attributable interest and expenses for bringing
the respective assets to working condition and reducing there from
Cenvat credit received/ receivable, if any. Fixed assets acquired under
Hire Purchase Scheme are valued at cash price less depreciation.
b) DEPRECIATION :
Depreciation is provided on straight line basis at the rates prescribed
in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956. Depreciation is provided on
pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition/ installation/
disposal of assets, except low value items costing Rs 5,000/- or less
which are written off fully in the year of purchase. In respect of
intangible assets the cost is amortised over the period for which the
assetsà economic benefits are expected to accrue. Expenditure incurred
on software acquired is amortised over a period of five years from the
date the expenditure is incurred.
c) INVENTORIES :
Inventories, other than realisable by-products, are valued at lower of
cost and net realisable value. The cost of inventories, is arrived at
on moving average basis. The cost of manufactured products comprises
direct costs and production overheads including depreciation.
Realisable by products are valued at net realisable value. Cost of
trading items includes cost of purchase & other costs of acquisition
attributable thereto.
d) RETIREMENT BENEFITS :
(i) Short term employee benefits are recognized as an expense in the
profit and loss account of the year in which service is rendered.
(ii) Contribution to defined contribution schemes such as Provident
Fund, Family Pension Fund and Superannuation Fund are charged to the
profit and loss account.
(iii) The Company makes annual contribution to Employees Group Gratuity
cum Life Assurance Scheme in respect of qualifying employees and the
same is recognized as an expense in the profit & loss account.
Additional liability, if any, in respect of gratuity and liability in
respect of leave encashment is recognised on the basis of valuation
done by an independent actuary applying Project Unit Credit Method. The
actuarial gain/loss arising during the year is recognized in the profit
and loss account of the year.
e) INVESTMENTS :
Long term investments are valued at cost. Provision is made for
diminution in the value of investments where in the opinion of the
Board of Directors such diminution is other than temporary. Current
investments are valued at lower of cost and fair value.
f) EXPENSES INCURRED FOR ISSUE OF SHARES, DEBENTURES AND OTHER
MISCELLANEOUS EXPENSES : Preliminary expenses, pre-operative expenses,
share issue expenses incurred prior to 1st April 2003 are written off
over a period of 10 years. Share issue expenses incurred after 1st
April 2003 are either charged to profit & loss account or securities
premium account. Expenses pertaining to issue of debentures are charged
to profit & loss account in the year in which they are incurred.
g) PREMIUM ON REDEMPTION OF DEBENTURES :
Premium payable, if any, on redemption of debentures is spread over the
life of debentures. h) FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS :
(i) Transactions in foreign currency are accounted at the exchange spot
rate prevailing on the date of the transaction. Year end receivables
and payables are translated at year end rate of exchange. The
difference on account of fluctuation in the rate of exchange is
recognised in the profit and loss account. In case of sales and
purchases the same is included under the respective heads.
(ii) In case offorward exchange contracts, premium/discount arising at
the inception of the contracts is spread over the life of the
contracts. Exchange fluctuation on such contracts is recognized in the
profit & loss account in the year in which there is a change in
exchange rates.
i) BORROWING COSTS :
Interest and other costs in connection with the borrowing of the funds
to the extent related / attributed to the acquisition/construction of
qualifying fixed assets are capitalised up to the date when such assets
are ready for their intended use. Other borrowing costs are charged to
the profit and loss account.
j) DEFERRED TAX :
Deferred tax is accounted for by computing the tax effect of timing
differences which arise in a year and reverse in subsequent periods.
k) IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS :
Impairment loss is recognized in the profit and loss account whenever
the carrying amount of an asset or a cash generating unit exceeds its
recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of its
estimated net selling price and its value in use. The carrying amounts
are reviewed at each balance sheet date to determine whether there is
any impairment.
l) EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS :
Stock options granted to employees under the Employeesà Stock Option
Scheme are accounted as per the SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and
Employee Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999 and the ÃGuidance Note
on Share Based Payments issued by the Institute of Chartered
Accountant of India (ICAI). Accordingly, the excess of market price of
the shares as on the date of grant of options over the exercise price
is recognised as deferred employee compensation and is charged to
profit and loss account on straight-line basis over the vesting period.
The number of options expected to vest is based on the best available
estimate and is revised, if necessary, where subsequent information
indicates that the number of stock options expected to vest differs
from previous estimates.
m) EXPORT INCENTIVES :
Export incentives, to which the Company is entitled to based on exports
during the year, are recognised as income in the year of exports.