Mar 31, 2016
Note 1 Significant Accounting Policies
(a) The Financial Statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles and the. Provisions of the Companies Act 2013 as adopted consistently by the Company.
(b) The company generally follow mercantile system of accounting and ârecognizes significant items of income. and expenditure on accrual basic.
Note 2 Significant accounting policies
The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 20.06 (as amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical cost convention except for categories of fixed assets acquired before 1 April, 200X, that are carried at revalued amounts. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the previous year.
Use of estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including contingent'' liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognized in the periods in which the results are known / materialize. |
Inventories
Inventories are valued at the tower of cost (on FIFO ) and the net realizable Value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to the point of sale, including control and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in -progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, excise duty.
Cash and cash equivalents (for purposes of Cash Flow Statement)
Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short-term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.
Cash flow statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit I (loss) before extraordinary items and tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.
Depreciation and amortization
For the year-2015-16, Depreciation on each asset has been provided on WDV Method as per useful lives prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act. 2013 .
Revenue recognition Sale of goods
Sales are recognized, net of returns and trade discounts, on transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer, which generally coincides with the delivery of goods to customers. Sales include excise duty but exclude sales tax and value added tax.
Income from services
Revenues from contracts priced on a time and material basis are recognized when services are rendered and related costs are incurred. Revenues from turnkey contracts, which are generally time bound fixed price contracts, are recognized over the life of the contract using the proportionate completion method, with contract costs determining the degree of completion. Foreseeable losses on such contracts are recognized when probable.
Revenues from maintenance contracts are recognized pro-rata over the period of the contract.
Other income
Interest income is accounted on accrual basis. Dividend income is accounted for when the right to receive It is established.
Tangible fixed assets
Fixed assets, are earned at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of fixed assets includes interest on borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying fixed assets up to the date the asset is ready for its intended use and other incidental expenses incurred up to that date. Exchange differences arising on restatement / settlement of long-term foreign currency borrowings relating to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets are adjusted to the cost of the respective assets and depreciated over the. remaining useful life of such assets. Machinery spares which can be used only in connection with an item of fixed asset and whose use is expected to be irregular are capitalized and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of the relevant assets. Subsequent expenditure relating to fixed assets is capitalized only if such expenditure results in an increase in the future benefits from such asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.
Fixed assets acquired and put to use for project purpose are capitalized and depreciation thereon is included in the project cost till commissioning of the project.
Fixed assets acquired in full or part exchange for another asset are recorded at the fair market value or the net book value of the asset given up, adjusted for any balancing cash consideration. Fair market value is determined either for the assets acquired or asset given up, whichever is more clearly evident. Fixed assets acquired in exchange for securities of the Company are recorded at the fair market value of the assets or the fair market value of the securities issued, whichever is more clearly evident.
Projects under which assets are not ready for their intended use and other capital work-in-progress are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.
Intangible assets
Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, if any. The cost of an intangible asset comprises its purchase price, including any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the taxing authorities), and any directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its intended use and net of any trade discounts and rebates. Subsequent expenditure on an intangible asset after its purchase / completion is recognized as an expense when incurred unless it is probable that such expenditure will enable the asset to generate future economic benefits in excess of its originally assessed standards of performance and such expenditure can be measured and attributed to the asset reliably, in which case such expenditure is added to the cost of the asset.
Refer Note 2.21 for accounting for Research and Development Expenses.
Foreign currency transactions and translations
Initial recognition
Transactions in foreign currencies entered into by the Company and its integral foreign operations are accounted at the exchange rates | prevailing on the date of the transaction or at rates that closely approximate the rate at the date of the transaction.
Foreign currency monetary items (other than derivative contracts) of the Company and its net investment in non-integral foreign operations outstanding at the Balance Sheet date are restated at the year-end rates.
In the case of integral operations, assets and liabilities (other than non-monetary items), are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on the Balance Sheet date. Non-monetary items are carried at historical cost. Revenue and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates prevailing during the year. Exchange differences arising out of these translations are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Treatment of exchange differences
Exchange differences arising on settlement / restatement of short-term foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities of the Company and its integral foreign operations are recognized as income or expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The exchange differences on restatement / settlement of loans to non-integral foreign operations that are considered as net investment in such operations are accumulated in a "Foreign currency translation reserve" until disposal / recovery of the net investment.
The exchange differences arising on restatement / settlement of long-term foreign currency monetary items are capitalized as part of the depreciable fixed assets to which the monetary item relates and depreciated over the remaining useful life of such assets or amortized on settlement / over the maturity period of such items if such items do not relate to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets. The unamortized balance is carried in the Balance Sheet as âForeign currency monetary item translation difference account" net of the tax effect thereon.
Accounting of forward contracts
Premium / discount on forward exchange contracts, which are not intended for trading or speculation purposes, are amortized over the period of the contracts if such contracts relate to monetary items as at the Balance Sheet date.
Refer Notes 2.26 and 2.27 for accounting for forward exchange contracts relating to firm commitments and highly probable forecast transactions.
Government grants, subsidies and export incentives
Government grants and subsidies are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants / subsidy will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire capital assets are presented by deducting them from the carrying value of the assets. The grant is recognized as income over the life of a depreciable asset by way of a reduced depreciation charge.
Export benefits are accounted for in the year of exports based on eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.
Government grants in the nature of promoters'' contribution like investment subsidy, where no repayment is ordinarily expected in respect thereof, are treated as capital reserve. Government grants in the form of non-monetary assets, given at a concessional rate, are recorded on the basis of their acquisition cost. In case the non-monetary asset is given free of cost, the grant is recorded at a nominal value.
Other government grants and subsidies are recognized as income over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are intended to compensate, on a systematic basis.
Investments
Long-term investments (excluding investment properties), are carried individually at cost less provision for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are carried individually, at the lower of cost and fair value. Cost of investments include acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties.
Investment properties are carried individually at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any. Investment properties are capitalized and depreciated (where applicable) in accordance with the policy stated for Tangible Fixed Assets. Impairment of investment property is determined in accordance with the policy stated for Impairment of Assets.
Employee benefits
Employee benefits include provident fund, superannuation fund, gratuity fund, compensated absences, long service awards and postemployment medical benefits.
Defined contribution plans
The Companyâs contribution to provident fund and superannuation fund are considered as defined contribution plans and are charged as an expense as they fall due based on the amount of contribution required to be made.
Defined benefit plans
For defined benefit plans in the form of gratuity fund and post-employment medical benefits, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognized immediately to the extent that the benefits are already vested and otherwise is amortized on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested. The retirement benefit obligation recognized in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognized past service cost, as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to past service cost, plus the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the schemes.
Short-term employee benefits
The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognized during the year when the employees render the service. These benefits include performance incentive and compensated absences which are expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service. The cost of such compensated absences is accounted as under
(a) in case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees render the services that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and
(b) in case of non-accumulating compensated absences, when the absences occur.
Long-term employee benefits
Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service are recognized as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation as at the Balance Sheet date less the fair value of the plan assets out of which the obligations are expected to be settled. Long Service Awards are recognized as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation as at the Balance Sheet date.
Employee share based payments
The Company formulated no Employee Stock Option Schemes (ESOS).
Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs include interest, amortization of ancillary costs incurred and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost. Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the extent not directly related to the acquisition of qualifying assets are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the tenure of the loan. Borrowing costs, allocated to and utilized for qualifying assets, pertaining to the period from commencement of activities relating to construction / development of the qualifying asset up to the date of capitalization of such asset is added to the cost of the assets. Capitalization of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted.
Segment reporting
The Company identifies primary segments based on the dominant source, nature of risks and returns and the internal organization and management structure. The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information is available and for which operating profit/loss amounts are evaluated regularly by the executive Management in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.
The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment.
Inter-segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis have been included under âunallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities"
Leases
Company has not given any of its property on lease.
Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to expense or income relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease the net profit per share from continuing ordinary operations. Potential dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable had the shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e. average market value of the outstanding shares). Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each period presented. The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted for share splits / reverse share splits and bonus shares, as appropriate.
Taxes on income
Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax laws, which gives future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to future income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax. Accordingly, MAT is recognized as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it is probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company.
Deferred tax is recognized on timing differences, being the differences between the taxable income and the accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantially enacted as at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all timing differences. Deferred tax assets in respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses are recognized only if there is virtual certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income available to realize such assets. Deferred tax assets are recognized for timing differences of other items only to the extent that reasonable certainty exists that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which these can be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if such items relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing tax laws and the Company has a legally enforceable right for such set off. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date for their readability.
Current and deferred tax relating to items directly recognized in equity are recognized in equity and not in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Research and development expenses
Revenue expenditure pertaining to research is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are also charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss unless a productâs technological feasibility has been established, in which case such expenditure is capitalized. The amount capitalized comprises expenditure that can be directly attributed or allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis to creating, producing and making the asset ready for its intended use. Fixed assets utilized for research and development are capitalized and depreciated in accordance with the policies stated for Tangible Fixed Assets and Intangible Assets.
Joint venture operations
The accounts of the Company reflect its share of the Assets, Liabilities, Income and Expenditure of the Joint Venture Operations which are accounted on the basis of the audited accounts of the Joint Ventures on line-by-line basis with similar items in the Companyâs accounts to the extent of the participating interest of the Company as per the Joint Venture Agreements.
Impairment of assets
The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance Sheet date are reviewed for impairment. If any indication of impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated and impairment is recognized, if the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication that an impairment loss recognized for an asset in earlier accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of impairment loss is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss, except in case of revalued assets. ,
Provisions and contingencies
A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the Notes.
Provision for warranty
The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when products are sold. These estimates are established using historical information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidence based on corrective actions on product failures. The timing of outflows will vary as and when warranty claim will arise - being typically up to three years.
As per the terms of the contracts, the Company provides post-contract services / warranty support to some of its customers. The Company accounts for the post-contract support / provision for warranty on the basis of the information available with the Management duly taking into account the current and past technical estimates.
Hedge accounting
The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations relating to highly probable forecast transactions. The Company designates such forward contracts in a cash flow hedging relationship by applying the hedge accounting principles set out in "Accounting Standard 30 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement". These forward | contracts are stated at fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the fair value of these forward contracts that are designated and effective as hedges of future cash flows are recognized directly in "Hedging reserve account" under Reserves and surplus, net of applicable deferred income taxes and the ineffective portion is recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Amounts accumulated in the "Hedging reserve account" are reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the same periods during which the forecasted transaction affects profit and loss. Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. For forecasted transactions, any cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognized in "Hedging reserve account" is retained until the forecasted transaction occurs. If the forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur, the net cumulative gain or loss recognized in "Hedging reserve account" is immediately transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Derivative contracts
The Company entered in no derivative contracts in the nature of foreign currency swaps, currency options, forward contracts with an intention to hedge its existing assets and liabilities, firm commitments and highly probable transactions. Derivative contracts which are closely linked to the existing assets and liabilities are accounted as per the policy stated for Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations.
Derivative contracts designated as a hedging instrument for highly probable forecast transactions are accounted as per the policy stated for Hedge Accounting.
All other derivative contracts are marked-to-market and losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Gains arising on the same are not recognized, until realized, on grounds of prudence.
Share issues expenses
Share issue expenses and redemption premium are adjusted against the Securities Premium Account as permissible under Section 78(2) of the Companies Act, 1956, to the extent balance is available for utilization in the Securities Premium Account. The balance of share issue expenses is carried as an asset and is amortized over a period of 5 years from the date of the issue of shares.
Insurance claims
Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted / expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.
Service Tax
Service tax input credit is accounted for in the books in the period in which the underlying service received is accounted and when there is no uncertainty in availing / utilizing the credits.
Mar 31, 2015
Basis of accounting and preparation of financial statements
The financial statements of the-Company have been prepared in
accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India
(Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards notified under
the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and the
relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013. The financial
statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical
cost convention except for categories of fixed assets acquired before 1
April, 200X, that are carried at revalued amounts. The accounting
policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are
consistent with those followed in the previous year.
Use of estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian
GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions
considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including
contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the
year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of
the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results
could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the
actual results and the estimates are recognised in the periods in which
the results are known / materialise.
Inventories
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (on FIFO ) and the net
realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses,
where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the
goods to the point of sale, including octroi and other levies, transit
insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods
include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable,
excise duty.
Cash and cash equivalents (for purposes of Cash Flow Statement)
Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash
equivalents are short-term balances (with an original maturity of three
months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investments
that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are
subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.
Cash flow statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit /
(loss) before extraordinary items and tax is adjusted for the effects
of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of
past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from
operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are
segregated based on the available information.
Depreciation and amortisation
For the year 2014-15, 'Depreciationon on each asset has been provided
on WDV Method as per useful lives prescribed in Schedule II to the
Companies Act, 2013 . Earlier the Deprecition was being provided on WDV
Method at the rates prescribed in the schedule XIV in Companies Act,
1956. The Difference in depreciation on account of rates prescribed in
Schedule XIV under Companies Act, 1956 and Useful life of particular
Assest as per Schedule II of Companies Act, 2013 is Rs. 1472693/-
(Deprecaition increased by Rs. 1472693/-). As such due to this chnage
in depreciation system the net profits of the Company decreased by Rs.
1472693/-. Assets the life of which has been expired and depreciation
charged till 31/3/14 was less than the residual value, has been
adjusted in depreciation of Current year. The adjusted amount is Rs.
801020/-. Assets against which depreciation till 31-3-2014 , has been
claimed more than residual value , the excess depreciation amounting to
Rs. 4542715/- has been adjusted in Current Year Profits.
Revenue recognition
Sale of goods
Sales are recognised, net of returns and trade discounts, on transfer
of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer, which
generally coincides with the delivery of goods to customers. Sales
include excise duty but exclude sales tax and value added tax.
Income from services
Revenues from contracts priced on a time and material basis are
recognised when services are rendered and related costs are incurred.
Revenues from turnkey contracts, which are generally time bound fixed
price contracts, are recognised over the life of the contract using the
proportionate completion method, with contract costs determining the
degree of completion. Foreseeable losses on such contracts are
recognised when probable.
Revenues from maintenance contracts are recognised pro-rata over the
period of the contract.
Other income
Interest income is accounted on accrual basis. Dividend income is
accounted for when the right to receive it is established.
Tangible fixed assets
Fixed assets, are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and
impairment losses, if any THe cost of fixed assets includes interest on
borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying fixed assets up to
the date the asset is ready for its intended use and other incidental
expenses incurred up to that date. Exchange differences arising on
restatement / settlement of long-term foreign currency borrowings
relating to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets are adjusted to the
cost of the respective assets and depreciated over the remaining useful
life of such assets. Machinery spares which can be used only in
connection with an item of fixed asset and whose use is expected to be
irregular are capitalised and depreciated over the useful life of the
principal item of the relevant assets. Subsequent expenditure
relating to fixed assets is capitalised only if such expenditure
results in an increase in the future benefits from such asset beyond
its previously assessed standard of performance.
Fixed assets acquired and put to use for project purpose are
capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in the project cost
till commissioning of the project.
Fixed assets acquired in full or part exchange for another asset are
recorded at the fair market value or the net book value of the asset
given up, adjusted for any balancing cash consideration. Fair market
value is determined either for the assets acquired or asset given up,
whichever is more clearly evident. Fixed assets acquired in exchange
for securities of the Company are recorded at the fair market value of
the assets or the fair market value of the securities issued, whichever
is more clearly evident.
Projects under which assets are not ready for their intended use and
other capital work-in-progress are carried at cost, comprising direct
cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.
Intangible assets
Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and
impairment losses, if any. The cost of an intangible asset comprises
its purchase price, including any import duties and other taxes (other
than those subsequently recoverable from the taxing authorities), and
any directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its
intended use and net of any trade discounts and rebates. Subsequent
expenditure on an intangible asset after its purchase / completion is
recognised as an expense when incurred unless it is probable that such
expenditure will enable the asset to generate future economic benefits
in excess of its originally assessed standards of performance and such
expenditure can be measured and attributed to the asset reliably, in
which case such expenditure is added to the cost of the asset.
Refer Note 2.21 for accounting for Research and Development Expenses.
Foreign currency transactions and translations
Initial recognition
Transactions in foreign currencies entered into by the Company and its
integral foreign operations are accounted at the exchange rates
prevailing on the date of the transaction or at rates that closely
approximate the rate at the date of the transaction.
Foreign currency monetary items (other than derivative contracts) of
the Company and its net investment in non-integral foreign operations
outstanding at the Balance Sheet date are restated at the year-end
rates.
In the case of integral operations, assets and liabilities (other than
non-monetary items), are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on
the Balance Sheet date. Non-monetary items are carried at historical
cost. Revenue and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates
prevailing during the year. Exchange differences arising out of these
translations are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Treatment of exchange differences
Exchange differences arising on settlement / restatement of short-term
foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities of the Company and its
integral foreign operations are recognised as income or expense in the
Statement of Profit and Loss. The exchange differences on restatement /
settlement of loans to non-integral foreign operations that are
considered as net investment in such operations are accumulated in a
"Foreign currency translation reserve" until disposal / recovery of the
net investment.
The exchange differences arising on restatement / settlement of
long-term foreign currency monetary items are capitalised as part of
the depreciable fixed assets to which the monetary item relates and
depreciated over the remaining useful life of such assets or amortised
on settlement / over the maturity period of such items if such items do
not relate to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets. The unamortised
balance is carried in the Balance Sheet as "Foreign currency monetary
item translation difference account" net of the tax effect thereon.
Accounting of forward contracts
Premium / discount on forward exchange contracts, which are not
intended for trading or speculation purposes, are amortised over the
period of the contracts if such contracts relate to monetary items as
at the Balance Sheet date.
Refer Notes 2.26 and 2.27 for accounting for forward exchange contracts
relating to firm commitments and highly probable forecast transactions.
Government grants, subsidies and export incentives
Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable
assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to
them and the grants / subsidy will be received. Government grants whose
primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or
otherwise acquire capital assets are presented by deducting them from
the carrying value of the assets. The grant is recognised as income
over the life of a depreciable asset by way of a reduced depreciation
charge.
Export benefits are accounted for in the year of exports based on
eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.
Government grants in the nature of promoters' contribution like
investment subsidy, where no repayment is ordinarily expected in
respect thereof, are treated as capital reserve. Government grants in
the form of non-monetary assets, given at a concessional rate, are
recorded on the basis of their acquisition cost. In case the
non-monetary asset is given free of cost, the grant is recorded at a
nominal value.
Other government grants and subsidies are recognised as income over the
periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are
intended to compensate, on a systematic basis.
Investments
Long-term investments (excluding investment properties), are carried
individually at cost less provision for diminution, other than
temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are
carried individually, at the lower of cost and fair value. Cost of
investments include acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and
duties.
Investment properties are carried individually at cost less accumulated
depreciation and impairment, if any. Investment properties are
capitalised and depreciated (where applicable) in accordance with the
policy stated for Tangible Fixed Assets. Impairment of investment
property is determined in accordance with the policy stated for
Impairment of Assets.
Employee benefits
Employee benefits include provident fund, superannuation fund, gratuity
fund, compensated absences, long service awards and post-employment
medical benefits.
Defined contribution Plans
The Company's contribution to provident fund and superannuation fund
are considered as defined contribution plans and are charged as an
expense as they fall due based on the amount of contribution required
to be made. -
Defined benefit plans
For defined benefit plans in the form of gratuity fund and
post-employment medical benefits, the cost of providing benefits is
determined using the Projected Unit Credit method, with actuarial
valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial
gains and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in
the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognised
immediately to the extent that the benefits are already vested and
otherwise is amortised on a straight-line basis over the average period
until the benefits become vested. The retirement benefit obligation
recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the
defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognised past service
cost, as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset
resulting from this calculation is limited to past service cost, plus
the present value of available refunds and reductions in future
contributions to the schemes.
Short-term employee benefits
The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be
paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognised
during the year when the employees render the service. These benefits
include performance incentive and compensated absences which are
expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in
which the employee renders the related service. The cost of such
compensated absences is accounted as under:
(a) in case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees render
the services that increase their entitlement of future compensated
absences; and (b) in case of non-accumulating compensated absences,
when the absences occur.
Long-term employee benefits
Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve
months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the
related service are recognised as a liability at the present value of
the defined benefit obligation as at the Balance Sheet date less the
fair value of the plan assets out of which the obligations are expected
to be settled. Long Service Awards are recognised as a liability at the
present value of the defined benefit obligation as at the Balance Sheet
date.
Employee share based payments
The Company formulated no Employee Stock Option Schemes (ESOS).
Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs include interest, amortisation of ancillary costs
incurred and exchange differences arising from foreign currency
borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the
interest cost. Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the
extent not directly related to the acquisition of qualifying assets are
charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the tenure of the
loan. Borrowing costs, allocated to and utilised for qualifying assets,
pertaining to the period from commencement of activities relating to
construction / development of the qualifying asset upto the date of
capitalisation of such asset is added to the cost of the assets.
Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the
Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active
development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted.
Segment reporting
The Company identifies primary segments based on the dominant source,
nature of risks and returns and the internal organisation and
management structure. The operating segments are the segments for which
separate financial information is available and for which operating
profit/loss amounts are evaluated regularly by the executive Management
in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.
The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with
the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment
expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified
to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating
activities of the segment. Inter-segment revenue is accounted on the
basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market /
fair value factors.
Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company
as a whole and are not'allocable to segments on reasonable basis have
been included under "unallocated revenue / expenses / assets /
liabilities
Leases
Company has not given any of its property on lease.
Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss)
after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if
any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during
the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit
/ (loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary
items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to
expense or income relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by
the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving
basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of equity
shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive
potential equity shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be
dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease the
net profit per share from continuing ordinary operations. Potential
dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning
of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The
dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds
receivable had the shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e.
average market value of the outstanding shares). Dilutive potential
equity shares are determined independently for each period presented.
The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are
adjusted for share splits / reverse share splits and bonus shares, as
appropriate.
Taxes on income
Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the
year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax
Act, 1961.
Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax laws, which
gives future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to future
income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is convincing
evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax. Accordingly, MAT
is recognised as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it is probable that
future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company.
Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences, being the differences
between the taxable income and the accounting income that originate in
one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent
periods. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws
enacted or substantially enacted as at the reporting date. Deferred tax
liabilities are recognised for all timing differences. Deferred tax
assets in respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of
losses are recognised only if there is virtual certainty that there
will be sufficient future taxable income available to realise such
assets. Deferred tax assets are recognised for timing differences of
other items only to the extent that reasonable certainty exists that
sufficient future taxable income will be available against which these
can be realised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if
such items relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing tax
laws and the Company has a legally enforceable right for such set off.
Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date for their
realisability.
Current and deferred tax relating to items directly recognised in
equity are recognised in equity and not in the Statement of Profit and
Loss.
Research and development expenses
Revenue expenditure pertaining to research is charged to the Statement
of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are also charged to
the Statement of Profit and Loss unless a product's technological
feasibility has been established, in which case such expenditure is
capitalised. The amount capitalised comprises expenditure that can be
directly attributed or allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis
to creating, producing and making the asset ready for its intended use.
Fixed assets utilised for research and development are capitalised and
depreciated in accordance with the policies stated for Tangible Fixed
Assets and Intangible Assets.
Joint venture operations
The accounts of the Company reflect its share of the Assets,
Liabilities, Income and Expenditure of.the Joint Venture Operations
which are accounted on the basis of the audited accounts of the Joint
Ventures on line-by-line basis with similar items in the Company's
accounts to the extent of the participating interest of the Company as
per the Joint Venture Agreements.
Impairment of assets
The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance
Sheet date are reviewed for impairment. If any indication of impairment
exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated and
impairment is recognised, if the carrying amount of these assets
exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the
greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use
is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present
value based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication
that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in earlier accounting
periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of
impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss,
except in case of revalued assets.
Provisions and contingencies
A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as
a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement
benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined
based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the
Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and
adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities
are disclosed in the Notes.
Provision for warranty
The estimated liability for product warranties is recorded when
products are sold. These estimates are established using historical
information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty
claims and management estimates regarding possible future incidence
based on corrective actions on product failures. The timing of outflows
will vary as and when warranty claim will arise - being typically upto
three years.
As per the terms of the contracts, the Company provides post-contract
services / warranty support to some of its customers. The Company
accounts for the post-contract support / provision for warranty on the
basis of the information available with the Management duly taking into
account the current and past technical estimates.
Hedge accounting
The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts to hedge its risks
associated with foreign currency fluctuations relating to highly
probable forecast transactions. The Company designates such forward
contracts in a cash flow hedging relationship by applying the hedge
accounting principles set out in "Accounting Standard 30 Financial
Instruments: Recognition and Measurement". These forward contracts are
stated at fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the fair value
of these forward contracts that are designated and effective as hedges
of future cash flows are recognised directly in "Hedging reserve
account" under Reserves and surplus, net of applicable deferred income
taxes and the ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the
Statement of Profit and Loss. Amounts accumulated in the "Hedging
reserve account" are reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss
in the same periods during which the forecasted transaction affects
profit and loss. Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging
instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no longer
qualifies for hedge accounting. For forecasted transactions, any
cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in
"Hedging reserve account" is retained until the forecasted transaction
occurs. If the forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur,
the net cumulative gain or loss recognised in "Hedging reserve account"
is immediately transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Derivative contracts
The Company enterred in no derivative contracts in the nature of
foreign currency swaps, currency options, forward contracts with an
intention to hedge its existing assets and liabilities, firm
commitments and highly probable transactions. Derivative contracts
which are closely linked to the existing assets and liabilities are
accounted as per the policy stated for Foreign Currency Transactions
and Translations. Derivative contracts designated as a hedging
instrument for highly probable forecast transactions are accounted as
per the policy stated for Hedge Accounting.
All other derivative contracts are marked-to -market and losses are
recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Gains arising on the
same are not recognised, until realised, on grounds of prudence.
Share issues expenses
Share issue expenses and redemption premium are adjusted against the
Securities Premium Account as permissible under provisions of the
Companies Act, 2013, to the extent balance is available for utilisation
in the Securities Premium Account. The balance of share issue expenses
is carried as an asset and is amortised over a period of 5 years from
the date of the issue of shares.
Insurance claims
Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted /
expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty
in receiving the claims.
Service Tax
Service tax input credit is accounted for in the books in the period in
which the underlying service received is accounted and when there is no
uncertainty in availing / utilising the credits.
Mar 31, 2014
A) The Financial Statements have been prepared under the historical
cost convention in accordance with the generally accepted accounting
principles and the Companies Act as adopted consistently by the
Company.
b) The company generally follows mercantile system of accounting and
recognizes significant items of income and expenditure on accrual
basis.
Fixed Assets and Depreciation
All assets are stated at cost of acquisition, less accumulated
depreciation. In the case of fixed assets acquired for new projects/
expansion interest cost on borrowings and other related expenses
incurred up to the date of completion of projects are capitalized.
Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on written down value at the
rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV of the Companies
Act.
Foreign Exchange Transaction/Export Sales
Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are normally recorded at
the exchange rates prevailing at the time of transaction
Investments: - Investments are stated at Cost.
(ii) Details of shares held by the holding co mpany, the ultimate
holding company, their subsidiaries and associates:
Not Applicable
(iii) Details of shares held by each shareholder holding more than 5%
shares:
Mar 31, 2010
Basic of Preparation of Financial Statement
a) The financial statement have been prepared under the historical cost
convention, in accordance with the generally accepted accounting
principles and the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 as adopted
consistently by the company.
b) The company generally follows mercantile system of accounting and
recognises significant items of income and expenditure on accrual
basis.
Fixed Assets and Depreciation
a) All assets are stated at cost of acqusition, less accumulated
depreciation. In the case of Fixed Assets acquired for new
projects/expansion, interest cost on borrowings and other related
expenses incurred upto the date of completion of projects are
capitalised.
b) Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on written down value at
the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV of the company
Act 1956.
Foreign Exchange Transaction / Export Sales : Transaction denominated
in foreign currencies are normally recorded at the exchange rate
prevailing at the time of the transaction.
Investment: Investment are stated at cost.
Inventories: Inventories are valued at cost except for finished goods
and by-product. Finished goods lying in the Bonded warehouse are valued
at lower of cost or market value without addition excise duty as per
Sec 145Aof Income Tax Act and by product are valued at net realizable
value.
Excise Duty : Excise Duty has been accounted on the basis of payments
made in respect of goods cleared.
Gratuities: The Company has taken out a gratuity policy with LIC for
future payment of gratuity liability to employees, Provided annual
premium as determined by LIC is paid. The scheme is maintained by LIC.