Accounting Policies of Steel Cast Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2022

Note: 1 Corporate Information

The financial statements are of Steelcast Limited (‘the Company’) for the year ended 31st March, 2022. The Company was incorporated on February 11, 1972. The Company is a public company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act applicable in India. The Company is engaged in casting manufacturing business.

The registered office of the Company is located at Ruvapari Road, Bhavnagar, Gujarat - 364005.

The financial statements were authorized for issue in accordance with a resolution of the directors on 18th May, 2022. Note: 2 Basis of preparation

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 (as amended from time to time).

The financial statements have been prepared on an accrual basis and under the historical cost convention basis except for the following:

♦ Derivative financial instruments

♦ Certain financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value (refer accounting policy regarding financial instruments)

♦ Defined benefit plans - plan assets measured at fair value.

2.1 Summary of significant accounting policies

A. Current versus non-current classification

All assets and liabilities are classified into current and non-current.

Assets

An asset is classified as current when it satisfies any of the following criteria:

a) it is expected to be realized in, or is intended for sale or consumption in, the Company’s normal operating cycle;

b) it is held primarily for the purpose of being traded;

c) it is expected to be realized within 12 months after the reporting date; or

d) it is cash or cash equivalent unless it is restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least 12 months after the reporting date.

Current assets include the current portion of non-current financial assets.

All other assets are classified as non-current.

Liabilities

A liability is classified as current when it satisfies any of the following criteria:

a) it is expected to be settled in the Company’s normal operating cycle;

b) it is held primarily for the purpose of being traded;

c) it is due to be settled within 12 months after the reporting date; or

d) the Company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting date. Terms of a liability that could, at the option of the counterparty, result in its settlement by the issue of equity instruments do not affect its classification.

Current liabilities include current portion of non-current financial liabilities.

All other liabilities are classified as non-current.

Operating cycle

Based on the nature of services and the normal time between the acquisition of assets and their realization into cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current and non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.

B. Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment, capital work in progress are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses if any. Cost comprises the purchase price net of refundable taxes and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use and initial estimate of decommissioning, restoring and similar liabilities. Borrowing costs relating to acquisition of property, plant and equipment which takes substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are also included to the extent they relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.

Subsequent expenditure is capitalized only when it is probable that the future economic benefits of the expenditure will flow to the Company. When significant parts of plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company depreciates them separately based on their specific useful lives. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

Items of stores and spares that meet the definition of property, plant and equipment are capitalized at cost and depreciation over their useful life. Otherwise, such items are classified as inventories.

Gains or losses arising from de-recognition of property, plant and equipment are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognized.

The Company identifies and determines cost of each component/ part of the asset separately, if the component/ part has a cost which is significant to the total cost of the assets and has useful life that is materially different from that of the remaining asset.

C. Depreciation on property, plant and equipment

Depreciation is provided on Straight Line Method in the manner specified in the Schedule II in accordance with the provisions of section 123(2) of the Companies Act, 2013. The identified components are depreciated over their useful lives; the remaining assets are depreciated over the life of the principal assets.

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

D. Intangible assets

Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Software is amortized using the straight-line method over a period of 6 years. The amortization expense is recognized in the statement of profit and loss unless such expenditure forms part of carrying value of another asset. The amortization period and the amortization method are reviewed at least at each financial year end. If the expected useful life of the asset is significantly different from previous estimates, the amortization period is changed accordingly.

E. Impairment of non-financial assets

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset’s recoverable amount. An asset’s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. Where the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs of disposal, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over it''s remaining useful life.

An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the company estimates the asset’s recoverable amount. A previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

F. Leases

Company as a lessee

Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased item, are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

G. Inventories

Inventories are valued at cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower. Cost is determined on the following basis:

♦ Raw materials and stores and spares - on a weighted average method basis;

♦ Finished and semi-finished goods - at material cost plus direct expenses and appropriate value of overheads; cost of finished goods includes excise duty as applicable.

H. Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable.

Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when significant risks and rewards of ownership are passed to the buyer, which generally coincides with dispatch of goods. Goods and Service Tax, Sales taxes and value added taxes, wherever applicable, are collected on behalf of the Government and therefore, excluded from the revenue.

Income from export incentives under various schemes notified by government is accounted on accrual basis.

The Company does not accrue interest on long-term advances received from customers towards supply of goods or services.

I. Research & Development

Research costs are expensed as incurred. Development expenditure incurred on an individual project is recognized as an intangible asset when the company can demonstrate all the following:

♦ The technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale

♦ Its intention to complete the asset

♦ Its ability to use or sell the asset

♦ How the asset will generate future economic benefits

♦ How the assets will generate future economic benefits

♦ The availability of adequate resources to complete the development and to use or sell the asset

♦ The liability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during development.

Following the initial recognition of the development expenditure as an asset, the cost model is applied requiring the asset to be carried at cost less any accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. Amortization of the asset begins when development is complete and the asset is available for use.

It is amortized on a straight line basis over the period of expected future benefit from the related project. Amortization is recognized in the statement of profit and loss. During the period of development, the asset is tested for impairment annually.

Revenue expenditure on Research & Development is charged to the statement of profit and loss for the year in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on Research & Development is shown as an addition to property, plant and equipment and depreciated on the same basis as other assets.

J. Foreign currency transactions Initial Recognition

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount, the exchange rate prescribed fortnightly by the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC) for exports between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction. This practice followed by the company is consistent with Para 22 of the Ind AS 21.

Conversion

Foreign currency monetary items are retranslated using the exchange rate prevailing at the reporting date. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.

Exchange differences

Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on reporting such monetary items at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognized as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise.

K. Employee benefits Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for services rendered by employees is recognized during the period when the employee renders the service.

Post-employment benefit plans

i. Defined Contribution Plan: Contribution for provident fund are accrued in accordance with applicable statutes and deposited with the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. Contribution for Superannuation in respect of certain employees of the company is made in accordance with the scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India.

ii. Defined Benefit Plan: The liability in respect of gratuity is determined using Projected Unit Credit Method with actuarial valuation carried out as at balance sheet date. Contributions in respect of gratuity are made to the Group Gratuity Scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India. The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. The Company recognizes the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss:

a. Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailments and non-routine settlements; and

b. Net interest expense or income

Re-measurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognised immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur. Re-measurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

Other long-term employee benefits

Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial valuation at the year end. The actuarial valuation is done as per Projected Unit Credit method. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to the

L. Borrowing costs

Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings.

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur.

M. Income taxes

Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences, except:

♦ When the deferred tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss

♦ In respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint ventures, when the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future

Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised, except:

♦ When the deferred tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss

♦ In respect of deductible temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint ventures, deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that the temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future and taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilised

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Deferred tax asset is reviewed as at each balance sheet date and written down or written up to reflect whether taxable profit will be available or not.

Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside profit or loss is recognised outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

N. Financial instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.

(i) Financial assets

Initial recognition and measurement

All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at

fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.

Subsequent measurement

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in four categories:

♦ Debt instruments at amortised cost

♦ Debt instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

♦ Debt instruments, derivatives and equity instruments at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

♦ Equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

Debt instruments at amortised cost

A ‘debt instrument’ is measured at the amortised cost if both the following conditions are met:

a) The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and

b) Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included in finance income in the profit or loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the profit or loss. This category generally applies to trade and other receivables.

Debt instrument at FVTOCI

A ‘debt instrument’ is classified as at the FVTOCI if both of the following criteria are met:

a) The objective of the business model is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling the financial assets, and

b) The asset’s contractual cash flows represent SPPI

Debt instruments included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (OCI). However, the Company recognizes interest income, impairment losses & reversals and foreign exchange gain or loss in the statement of profit and loss. On de-recognition of the asset, cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from the equity to statement of profit and loss. Interest earned whilst holding FVTOCI debt instrument is reported as interest income using the EIR method.

Debt instrument at FVTPL

FVTPL is a residual category for debt instruments. Any debt instrument, which does not meet the criteria for categorization as at amortized cost or as FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL.

In addition, the Company may elect to designate a debt instrument, which otherwise meets amortized cost or FVTOCI criteria, as at FVTPL. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ‘accounting mismatch’). The Company has not designated any debt instrument as at FVTPL.

Debt instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Equity investments

All equity investments in scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. The company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value in case of equity investments which are not held for trading. The company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.

If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from

OCI to statement of profit and loss, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.

Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

De-recognition of financial assets

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognised (i.e. removed from the Company’s balance sheet) when:

♦ The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

♦ The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ‘passthrough’ arrangement; and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company’s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.

Impairment of financial assets

In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on financial assets which are measured at amortised cost or FVOCI.

The Company follows ‘simplified approach’ for recognition of impairment loss allowance on trade receivables or any contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset that result from transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 18.

The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the entity reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognized during the period is recognized as income/ expense in the statement of profit and loss (P&L). This amount is reflected in a separate line in the P&L as an impairment gain or loss.

For financial assets measured as at amortised cost, ECL is presented as an allowance, i.e. as an integral part of the measurement of those assets in the balance sheet. The allowance reduces the net carrying

amount. Until the asset meets write-off criteria, the Company does not reduce impairment allowance from the gross carrying amount.

(ii) Financial liabilities

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, payables, as appropriate.

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

The Company’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings and derivative financial instruments.

Subsequent measurement

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind AS 109.

Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the profit or loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risks are recognized in OCI. These gains/ loss are not subsequently transferred to P&L. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit and loss.

Loans and borrowings

After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process.

Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.

De-recognition of financial liabilities

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the de-recognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.

(iii) Reclassification of financial assets

The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent. The Company’s management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company’s operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of

the immediately next reporting period following the change in business model. The Company does not restate any previously recognised gains, losses (including impairment gains or losses) or interest.

(iv) Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

O. Derivative accounting

The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts to hedge its foreign currency risks. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.

Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivatives are taken directly to profit or loss.

P. Fair value measurement

The Company measures financial instruments, such as, derivatives at fair value at each reporting date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

♦ In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

♦ In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant’s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

♦ Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

♦ Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

♦ Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

Q. Earnings per share (EPS)

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to

equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

R. Provisions

A provision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost. Provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

S. Contingent liabilities

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.

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Mar 31, 2018

1.1 Summary of significant accounting policies

a. current versus non-current classification

All assets and liabilities are classified into current and noncurrent.

Assets

An asset is classified as current when it satisfies any of the following criteria:

a) it is expected to be realised in, or is intended for sale or consumption in, the Company’s normal operating cycle:

b) it is held primarily for the purpose of being traded:

c) it is expected to be realised within 12 months after the reporting date: or

d) it is cash or cash equivalent unless it is restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least 12 months after the reporting date.

Current assets include the current portion of non-current financial assets.

All other assets are classified as non-current.

Liabilities

A liability is classified as current when it satisfies any of the following criteria:

a) it is expected to be settled in the Company’s normal operating cycle:

b) it is held primarily for the purpose of being traded:

c) it is due to be settled within 12 months after the reporting date: or

d) the Company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting date. Terms of a liability that could, at the option of the counterparty, result in its settlement by the issue of equity instruments do not affect its classification.

Current liabilities include current portion of non-current financial liabilities.

All other liabilities are classified as non-current.

Operating cycle

Based on the nature of services and the normal time between the acquisition of assets and their realisation into cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current and non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as noncurrent assets and liabilities.

b. property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment, capital work in progress are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses if any. Cost comprises the purchase price net of refundable taxes and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use and initial estimate of decommissioning, restoring and similar liabilities. Borrowing costs relating to acquisition of property, plant and equipment which takes substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are also included to the extent they relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it is probable that the future economic benefits of the expenditure will flow to the Company. When significant parts of plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company depreciates them separately based on their specific useful lives. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

Items of stores and spares that meet the definition of property, plant and equipment are capitalised at cost and depreciation over their useful life. Otherwise, such items are classified as inventories.

Gains or losses arising from de-recognition of property, plant and equipment are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.

The Company identifies and determines cost of each component/ part of the asset separately, if the component/ part has a cost which is significant to the total cost of the assets and has useful life that is materially different from that of the remaining asset.

Transition to Ind AS

On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all its property, plant and equipment recognised as at April 1, 2016 measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of the property, plant and equipment.

Further, the Company has elected to continue the policy adopted for accounting for exchange differences arising from translation of long-term foreign currency monetary items recognised in the financial statements for the period ending immediately before the beginning of the first Ind AS financial reporting period as per the previous GAAP. As per previous GAAP, exchange differences arising on translation/ settlement of long-term foreign currency monetary items pertaining to the acquisition of a depreciable asset is adjusted to the cost of the asset and depreciates the same over the remaining life of the asset. Exchange differences adjusted to the cost of property plant and equipment are total differences, arising on long-term foreign currency monetary items pertaining to the acquisition of a depreciable asset, for the period. In other words, the Company does not differentiate between exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost and other exchange difference.

c. depreciation on property, plant and equipment

Depreciation is provided on Straight Line Method in the manner specified in the Schedule II in accordance with the provisions of section 123(2) of the Companies Act, 2013.

The identified components are depreciated over their useful lives: the remaining assets are depreciated over the life of the principal assets.

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewec at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

d. Intangible assets

Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any Software is amortised using the straight-line method over a period oRs. 6 years. The amortisation expense is recognised in the statement of profit and loss unless such expenditure forms part of carrying value of another asset. The amortisation period and the amortisation method are reviewed at least at each financial year end. If the expected useful life of the asset is significantly different from previous estimates, the amortisation period is changed accordingly

Transition to Ind AS

On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all its intangible assets recognised as at April 1, 2016 measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of the intangible assets.

e. impairment of non-financial assets

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset’s recoverable amount. An asset’s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. Where the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs of disposal, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.

Impairment losses, including impairment on inventories, are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.

An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any indication that previously recognised impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company estimates the asset’s recoverable amount. A previously recognised impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognised. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

f. Leases

Company as a lessee

Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased item, are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

g. Inventories

Inventories are valued at cost or net realisable value, whichever is lower. Cost is determined on the following basis:

- Raw materials and stores and spares - on a weighted average method basis:

- Finished and semi-finished goods - at material cost plus direct expenses and appropriate value of overheads; cost of finished goods includes excise duty.

h. Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable.

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when significant risks and rewards of ownership are passed to the buyer, which generally coincides with dispatch of goods. Goods and Service Tax, Sales taxes and value added taxes, wherever applicable, are collected on behalf of the Government and therefore, excluded from the revenue.

Income from export incentives under various schemes notified by government is accounted on accrual basis.

The Company does not accrue interest on long-term advances received from customers towards supply of goods or services.

i. Research & Development

Research costs are expensed as incurred. Development expenditure incurred on an individual project is recognised as an intangible asset when the Company can demonstrate all the following:

- The technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale

- Its intention to complete the asset

- Its ability to use or sell the asset

- How the asset will generate future economic benefits

- How the assets will generate future economic benefits

- The availability of adequate resources to complete the development and to use or sell the asset

- The liability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during development.

Following the initial recognition of the development expenditure as an asset, the cost model is applied requiring the asset to be carried at cost less any accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Amortisation of the asset begins when development is complete and the asset is available for use. It is amortised on a straight-line basis over the period of expected future benefit from the related project. Amortisation is recognised in the statement of profit and loss. During the period of development, the asset is tested for impairment annually.

Revenue expenditure on Research & Development is charged to the statement of profit and loss for the year in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on Research & Development is shown as an addition to property, plant and equipment and depreciated on the same basis as other assets.

j. Foreign currency transactions

Initial Recognition

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

Conversion

Foreign currency monetary items are retranslated using the exchange rate prevailing at the reporting date. Nonmonetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.

Exchange differences

Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on reporting such monetary items at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognised as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise.

Transition to Ind AS

The Company has elected to continue the policy adopted for accounting for exchange differences arising from translation of long-term foreign currency monetary items recognised in the financial statements for the period ending immediately before the beginning of the first Ind AS financial reporting period as per the previous GAAP. As per previous GAAP, exchange differences arising on long-term foreign currency monetary items related to acquisition of property, plant and equipment are capitalised and depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset. Exchange differences for this purpose, are total differences arising on long-term foreign currency monetary items for the period. In other words, the Company does not differentiate between exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost and other exchange difference.

k. Employee benefits

Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for services rendered by employees is recognised during the period when the employee renders the service.

Post-employment benefit plans

i. Defined Contribution Plan: Contribution for provident fund are accrued in accordance with applicable statutes and deposited with the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. Contribution for Superannuation in respect of certain employees of the Company is made in accordance with the scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India.

ii. Defined Benefit Plan: The liability in respect of gratuity is determined using Projected Unit Credit Method with actuarial valuation carried out as at balance sheet date. Contributions in respect of gratuity are made to the Group Gratuity Scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India. The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. The Company recognises the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss:

a. Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailments and non-routine settlements; and

b. Net interest expense or income Re-measurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognised immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

Other long-term employee benefits Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial valuation at the year end. The actuarial valuation is done as per Projected Unit Credit method. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to the statement of profit and loss and are not deferred.

l. borrowing costs

Borrowing cost includes interest, amortisation of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings.

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalised as part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur.

m. Income taxes

Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognised outside profit or loss is recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in other comprehensive income or directly in equity

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences, except:

- When the deferred tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss

- In respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint ventures, when the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future

Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised, except:

- When the deferred tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss

- In respect of deductible temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint ventures, deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that the temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future and taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilised

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Deferred tax asset is reviewed as at each balance sheet date and written down or written up to reflect whether taxable profit will be available or not.

Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside profit or loss is recognised outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

n. Financial instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity

i. Financial assets

Initial recognition and measurement

All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.

Subsequent measurement

For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in four categories:

- Debt instruments at amortised cost

- Debt instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

- Debt instruments, derivatives and equity instruments at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)

- Equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

Debt instruments at amortised cost A ‘debt instrument’ is measured at the amortised cost if both the following conditions are met:

a) The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and

b) Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in finance income in the profit or loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the profit or loss. This category generally applies to trade and other receivables.

Debt instrument at FVTOCI

A ‘debt instrument’ is classified as at the FVTOCI if both of the following criteria are met:

a) The objective of the business model is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling the financial assets, and

b) The asset’s contractual cash flows represent SPPI

Debt instruments included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognised in the other comprehensive income (OCI). However, the Company recognises interest income, impairment losses & reversals and foreign exchange gain or loss in the statement of profit and loss. On de-recognition of the asset, cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from the equity to statement of profit and loss. Interest earned whilst holding FVTOCI debt instrument is reported as interest income using the EIR method.

Debt instrument at FVTPL

FVTPL is a residual category for debt instruments. Any debt instrument, which does not meet the criteria for categorisation as at amortised cost or as FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL.

In addition, the Company may elect to designate a debt instrument, which otherwise meets amortised cost or FVTOCI criteria, as at FVTPL. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ‘accounting mismatch’). The Company has not designated any debt instrument as at FVTPL.

Debt instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Equity investments

All equity investments in scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. The Company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value in case of equity investments which are not held for trading. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.

If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognised in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to statement of profit and loss, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity

Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

De-recognition of financial assets

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognised (i.e. removed from the Company’s balance sheet) when:

- The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

- The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ‘passthrough’ arrangements and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a passthrough arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company’s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay

Impairment of financial assets

In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on financial assets which are measured at amortised cost or FVOCI.

The Company follows ‘simplified approach’ for recognition of impairment loss allowance on trade receivables or any contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset that result from transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 18.

The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the entity reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognised during the period is recognised as income/ expense in the statement of profit and loss (P&L). This amount is reflected in a separate line in the P&L as an impairment gain or loss.

For financial assets measured as at amortised cost, ECL is presented as an allowance, i.e. as an integral part of the measurement of those assets in the balance sheet. The allowance reduces the net carrying amount. Until the asset meets write-off criteria, the Company does not reduce impairment allowance from the gross carrying amount.

ii. Financial liabilities

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, payables, as appropriate.

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

The Company’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings and derivative financial instruments.

Subsequent measurement

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind AS 109.

Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the profit or loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risks are recognised in OCI. These gains/ loss are not subsequently transferred to P&L. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit and loss.

Loans and borrowings

After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process.

Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.

De-recognition of financial liabilities A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.

iii. Reclassification of financial assets The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent. The Company’s management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company’s operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of the immediately next reporting period following the change in business model. The Company does not restate any previously recognised gains, losses (including impairment gains or losses) or interest.

iv. Offsetting of financial instruments Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

o. derivative financial instruments

The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts to hedge its foreign currency risks. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.

Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivatives are taken directly to profit or loss.

p. Fair value measurement

The Company measures financial instruments, such as, derivatives at fair value at each reporting date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

- In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

- In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant’s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

- Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

- Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

- Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

q. Earnings per share (EPS)

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

r. Provisions

A provision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation as a result of past event: it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost. Provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

s. Contingent liabilities

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognised because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognised because it cannot be measured reliably The Company does not recognise a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.

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Mar 31, 2017

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the recognition and measurement principles laid down in the Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 and other accounting principles generally accepted in India.

USE OF ESTIMATES:

The preparation of financial statement in conformity with GAAP requires the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in current and future periods.

FIXED ASSETS:

Tangible Assets are stated at cost less depreciation, All the costs incurred till the date of the assets ready for use, including installation and substantial modification to the fixed assets are capitalized and included in the cost of the respective assets.

Depreciation is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates and in the manner specified in the Schedule II in accordance with the provisions of section 123(2) of the Companies Act, 2013.

INVESTMENTS:

Long-term investments are stated at cost. Provision, if any, is made for permanent diminution in the value of investments. Current investments are stated at lower of cost or market value. Dividends/Share of Profit are accounted for as and when the right to receive the same is established.

INVENTORIES:

Inventories are valued at cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower. Cost is determined on the following basis:

Raw materials and stores and spares - on a weighted average method basis;

Finished and semi-finished goods - at material cost plus direct expenses and appropriate value of overheads; cost of finished goods includes excise duty.

REVENUE RECOGNITION:

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the company and the revenue can be reliably be measured.

Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when significant risks and rewards of ownership are passed to the buyer, which generally coincides with dispatch of goods. Sales taxes and value added taxes, wherever applicable, are collected on behalf of the Government and therefore, excluded from the revenue.

EXCISE AND CUSTOM DUTY:

Excise Duty in respect of goods manufactured by the company is, according to the method consistently followed by the company, accounted for at the time of removal of goods from the factory for sale. However, excise duty payable on the closing stock of finished goods is provided for in the accounts.

Purchases of goods and fixed assets are accounted for net of excise cenvat credit availed. Custom duty paid on import of materials is dealt with in respective materials accounts.

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT:

Revenue expenditure on Research & Development is charged against the profit of the year in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on Research & Development is shown as an addition to Fixed Assets and depreciated on the same basis as other assets.

FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS:

Foreign currency transactions are accounted for at the rates prevailing on the date of transaction. Differences arising out of foreign exchange rates are dealt with in the profit & loss account. Current assets and current liabilities relating to foreign currency transactions and foreign currency loans remaining unsettled at the end of the year are translated at the closing rates and profit or loss arising there from is dealt with in the profit & loss account.

Following the Companies (Accounting Standards) (Second Amendment) Rules, 2011, exchange rate differences, so far as they relate to the acquisition of depreciable assets, have been adjusted to the cost of such assets and are adjusted over the balance life of the assets.

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS:

Post-employment benefit plans

i. Defined Contribution Plan: Contribution for provident fund are accrued in accordance with applicable statutes and deposited with the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. Contribution for Superannuation in respect of certain employees of the company is made in accordance with the scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India.

ii. Defined Benefit Plan: The liabilities in respect of gratuity and leave encashment are determined using Projected Unit Credit Method with actuarial valuation carried out as at balance sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in full in the profit and loss account for the period in which they occur.

Contributions in respect of gratuity are made to the Group Gratuity Scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India. Employee benefits recognized in the balance sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognized past service cost and as reduced by the fair value of respective fund.

Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for services rendered by employees is recognized during the period when the employee renders the service.

BORROWING COSTS:

Net cost of borrowed funds for the projects are capitalized and included in the cost of fixed assets till its completion and other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which they are incurred.

TAXATION:

Provisions are made for current income tax based on tax liability computed in accordance with relevant tax rates and tax laws.

Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing difference, being the difference between taxable incomes and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.

EARNING PER SHARE:

Basic Earning Per Share (EPS) is computed by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to the equity shareholders, by weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of equity and dilutive equity equivalent shares outstanding at the year-end.

PROVISION AND CONTINGENCIES:

The company creates a provision when there is present obligation as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of obligation. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that probably will not require an outflow of resources or where a reliable estimate of the obligation cannot be made.

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Mar 31, 2016

BASIS OF ACCOUNTING:

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the recognition and measurement principles laid down in the Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 and other accounting principles generally accepted in India.

USE OF ESTIMATES:

The preparation of financial statement in conformity with GAAP requires the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in current and future periods.

FIXED ASSETS:

Tangible Assets are stated at cost less depreciation, All the costs incurred till the date of the assets ready for use, including installation and substantial modification to the fixed assets are capitalized and included in the cost of the respective assets.

Depreciation is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates and in the manner specified in the Schedule II in accordance with the provisions of section 123(2) of the Companies Act, 2013.

INVESTMENTS:

Long-term investments are stated at cost. Provision, if any, is made for permanent diminution in the value of investments. Current investments are stated at lower of cost or market value. Dividends/Share of Profit are accounted for as and when the right to receive the same is established.

INVENTORIES:

Inventories are valued at cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower. Cost is determined on the following basis:

Raw materials and stores and spares - on a weighted average method basis;

Finished and semi-finished goods - at material cost plus direct expenses and appropriate value of overheads; cost of finished goods includes excise duty.

REVENUE RECOGNITION:

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the company and the revenue can be reliably be measured.

Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when significant risks and rewards of ownership are passed to the buyer, which generally coincides with dispatch of goods. Sales taxes and value added taxes, wherever applicable, are collected on behalf of the Government and therefore, excluded from the revenue.

EXCISE AND CUSTOM DUTY:

Excise Duty in respect of goods manufactured by the company is, according to the method consistently followed by the company, accounted for at the time of removal of goods from the factory for sale. However, excise duty payable on the closing stock of finished goods is provided for in the accounts.

Purchases of goods and fixed assets are accounted for net of excise cenvat credit availed. Custom duty paid on import of materials is dealt with in respective materials accounts.

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT:

Revenue expenditure on Research & Development is charged against the profit of the year in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on Research & Development is shown as an addition to Fixed Assets and depreciated on the same basis as other assets.

FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS:

Foreign currency transactions are accounted for at the rates prevailing on the date of transaction. Differences arising out of foreign exchange rates are dealt with in the profit & loss account. Current assets and current liabilities relating to foreign currency transactions and foreign currency loans remaining unsettled at the end of the year are translated at the closing rates and profit or loss arising there from is dealt with in the profit & loss account.

Following the Companies (Accounting Standards) (Second Amendment) Rules, 2011, exchange rate differences, so far as they relate to the acquisition of depreciable assets, have been adjusted to the cost of such assets and are adjusted over the balance life of the assets.

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS:

Post-employment benefit plans

i. Defined Contribution Plan: Contribution for provident fund are accrued in accordance with applicable statutes and deposited with the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. Contribution for Superannuation in respect of certain employees of the company is made in accordance with the scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India.

ii. Defined Benefit Plan: The liabilities in respect of gratuity and leave encashment are determined using Projected Unit Credit Method with actuarial valuation carried out as at balance sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in full in the profit and loss account for the period in which they occur.

Contributions in respect of gratuity are made to the Group Gratuity Scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India. Employee benefits recognized in the balance sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognized past service cost and as reduced by the fair value of respective fund.

Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for services rendered by employees is recognized during the period when the employee renders the service.

BORROWING COSTS:

Net cost of borrowed funds for the projects are capitalized and included in the cost of fixed assets till its completion and other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which they are incurred.

TAXATION:

Provisions are made for current income tax based on tax liability computed in accordance with relevant tax rates and tax laws.

Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing difference, being the difference between taxable incomes and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.

EARNING PER SHARE:

Basic Earning Per Share (EPS) is computed by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to the equity shareholders, by weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earning per share is computed using the weighted average number of equity and dilutive equity equivalent shares outstanding at the year-end.

PROVISION AND CONTINGENCIES:

The company creates a provision when there is present obligation as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of obligation. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that probably will not require an outflow of resources or where a reliable estimate of the obligation cannot be made.

---

Mar 31, 2015

BASIS OF ACCOUNTING:

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the recognition and measurement principles laid down in the Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 and other accounting principles generally accepted in India.

USE OF ESTIMATES:

The preparation of financial statement in conformity with GAAP requires the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in current and future periods.

FIXED ASSETS:

Tangible Assets are stated at cost less depreciation, All the costs incurred till the date of the assets ready for use, including installation and substantial modification to the fixed assets are capitalized and included in the cost of the respective assets.

Depreciation is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates and in the manner specified in the Schedule II in accordance with the provisions of section 123(2) of the Companies Act, 2013.

INVESTMENTS:

Long-term investments are stated at cost. Provision, if any, is made for permanent diminution in the value of investments. Current investments are stated at lower of cost or market value. Dividends/Share of Profit are accounted for as and when the right to receive the same is established.

INVENTORIES:

Inventories are valued at cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower. Cost is determined on the following basis: Raw materials and stores and spares - on a weighted average method basis;

Finished and semi-finished goods - at material cost plus direct expenses and appropriate value of overheads; cost of finished goods includes excise duty.

REVENUE RECOGNITION:

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the company and the revenue can be reliably be measured.

Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when significant risks and rewards of ownership are passed to the buyer, which generally coincides with dispatch of goods. Sales taxes and value added taxes, wherever applicable, are collected on behalf of the Government and therefore, excluded from the revenue.

EXCISE AND CUSTOM DUTY:

Excise Duty in respect of goods manufactured by the company is, according to the method consistently followed by the company, accounted for at the time of removal of goods from the factory for sale. However, excise duty payable on the closing stock of finished goods is provided for in the accounts.

Purchases of goods and fixed assets are accounted for net of excise cenvat credit availed. Custom duty paid on import of materials is dealt with in respective materials accounts.

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT:

Revenue expenditure on Research & Development is charged against the profit of the year in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on Research & Development is shown as an addition to Fixed Assets and depreciated on the same basis as other assets.

FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS:

Foreign currency transactions are accounted for at the rates prevailing on the date of transaction. Differences arising out of foreign exchange rates are dealt with in the profit & loss account. Current assets and current liabilities relating to foreign currency transactions and foreign currency loans remaining unsettled at the end of the year are translated at the closing rates and profit or loss arising therefrom is dealt with in the profit & loss account.

Following the Companies (Accounting Standards) (Second Amendment) Rules, 2011, exchange rate differences, so far as they relate to the acquisition of depreciable assets, have been adjusted to the cost of such assets and are adjusted over the balance life of the assets.

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS:

Post-employment benefit plans

i. Defined Contribution Plan : Contribution for provident fund are accrued in accordance with applicable statutes and deposited with the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. Contribution for Superannuation in respect of certain employees of the company is made in accordance with the scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India.

ii. Defined Benefit Plan : The liabilities in respect of gratuity and leave encashment are determined using Projected Unit Credit Method with actuarial valuation carried out as at balance sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in full in the profit and loss account for the period in which they occur.

Contributions in respect of gratuity are made to the Group Gratuity Scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India. Employee benefits recognized in the balance sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognized past service cost and as reduced by the fair value of respective fund.

Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for services rendered by employees is recognized during the period when the employee renders the service.

BORROWING COSTS:

Net cost of borrowed funds for the projects are capitalized and included in the cost of fixed assets till its completion and other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which they are incurred.

TAXATION:

Provisions are made for current income tax based on tax liability computed in accordance with relevant tax rates and tax laws.

Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing difference, being the difference between taxable incomes and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.

EARNING PER SHARE:

Basic Earning Per Share (EPS) is computed by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to the equity shareholders, by weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earning per share is computed using the weighted average number of equity and dilutive equity equivalent shares outstanding at the year-end.

PROVISION AND CONTINGENCIES:

The company creates a provision when there is present obligation as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of obligation. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that probably will not require an outflow of resources or where a reliable estimate of the obligation cannot be made.

a. Of the Total share capital 13,116,000 Equity shares were issued as fully paid up bonus shares

b. Equity shares issued as fully paid up bonus shares or otherwise than by cash during the preceding five years : 9,108,000

---

Mar 31, 2013

BASIS OF ACCOUNTING:

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") in India, the Accounting Standards prescribed under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and are based on the historical cost convention on an accrual basis.

USE OF ESTIMATES:

The preparation of financial statement in conformity with GAAP requires the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in current and future periods.

FIXED ASSETS:

Fixed Assets are stated at cost less depreciation. Depreciation up to 1997-98 is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates and in the manner specified in schedule XIV in accordance with the provisions of section 205 (2) (b) of the companies Act, 1956. From the year 1998-99, the company has, on the basis of periodic technological evaluation, re-determined the useful life of the assets and depreciation thereon is provided accordingly, which are higher than the rates specified in the schedule XIV to the Companies Act.

INVESTMENTS:

Long-term investments are stated at cost. Provision, if any, is made for permanent diminution in the value of investments. Current investments are stated at lower of cost or market value. Dividends/Share of Profit are accounted for as and when the right to receive the same is established.

INVENTORIES:

Raw materials and Stores & Spares are valued at cost on weighted average basis. Semi-finished goods are valued at estimated cost. Finished goods are valued at lower of the cost or net realizable value. Inventories are stated as taken, valued and certified by the management.

SALES:

Sales comprise sale of goods and other related charges net of trade discount.

EXCISE AND CUSTOM DUTY:

Excise Duty in respect of goods manufactured by the company is, according to the method consistently followed by the company, accounted for at the time of removal of goods from the factory for sale. However, excise duty payable on the closing stock of finished goods is provided for in the accounts. Purchases of goods and fixed assets are accounted for net of excise cenvat credit availed. Custom duty paid on import of materials is dealt with in respective materials accounts.

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT:

Revenue expenditure on Research & Development is charged against the profit of the year in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on Research & Development is shown as an addition to Fixed Assets and depreciated on the same basis as other assets.

FOREIGN CURRENCIES:

Foreign currency transactions are accounted for at the rates prevailing on the date of transaction. Differences arising out of foreign exchange rates are dealt with in the profit & loss account. Current assets and current liabilities relating to foreign currency transactions and foreign currency loans remaining unsettled at the end of the year are translated at the closing rates and profit or loss arising therefrom is dealt with in the profit & loss account.

Following the Companies (Accounting Standards) (Second Amendment) Rules, 2011, exchange rate differences, so far as they relate to the acquisition of depreciable assets, have been adjusted to the cost of such assets and are adjusted over the balance life of the assets.

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS:

Post-employment benefit plans

i. Defined Contribution Plan: Contribution for provident fund are accrued in accordance with applicable statutes and deposited with the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. Contribution for Superannuation in respect of certain employees of the company is made in accordance with the scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India.

ii. Defined Benefit Plan: The liabilities in respect of gratuity and leave encashment are determined using Projected Unit Credit Method with actuarial valuation carried out as at balance sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in full in the profit and loss account for the period in which they occur. Contributions in respect of gratuity are made to the Group Gratuity Scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India. Employee benefits recognized in the balance sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognized past service cost and as reduced by the fair value of respective fund.

Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for services rendered by employees is recognized during the period when the employee renders the service.

BORROWING COSTS:

Net cost of borrowed funds for the projects are capitalized and included in the cost of fixed assets till its completion and other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which they are incurred.

TAXATION:

Provisions are made for current income tax based on tax liability computed in accordance with relevant tax rates and tax laws.

Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing difference, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.

EARNING PER SHARE:

Basic Earning Per Share (EPS) is computed by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to the equity shareholders, by weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earning per share is computed using the weighted average number of equity and dilutive equity equivalent shares outstanding at the year-end.

PROVISION AND CONTINGENCIES:

The company creates a provision when there is present obligation as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of obligation. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that probably will not require an outflow of resources or where a reliable estimate of the obligation cannot be made.

---

Mar 31, 2012

BASIS OF ACCOUNTING:

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") in India, the Accounting Standards prescribed under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and are based on the historical cost convention on an accrual basis.

USE OF ESTIMATES:

The preparation of financial statement in conformity with GAAP requires the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in current and future periods.

FIXED ASSETS:

Fixed Assets are stated at cost less depreciation. Depreciation up to 1997-98 is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates and in the manner specified in schedule XIV in accordance with the provisions of section 205 (2) (b) of the companies Act, 1956. From the year 1998-99, the company has, on the basis of periodic technological evaluation, re-determined the useful life of the assets and depreciation thereon is provided accordingly which are higher than the rates specified in the schedule XIV to the Companies Act.

INVESTMENTS:

Long-term investments are stated at cost. Provision, if any, is made for permanent diminution in the value of investments. Current investments are stated at lower of cost or market value. Dividends are accounted for as and when the right to receive the same is established.

INVENTORIES:

Raw materials and Stores & Spares are valued at cost on weighted average basis. Semi-finished goods are valued at estimated cost. Finished goods are valued at lower of the cost or net realizable value. Inventories are stated as taken, valued and certified by the management.

SALES:

Sales comprise sale of goods and other related charges net of trade discount.

EXCISE AND CUSTOM DUTY:

Excise Duty in respect of goods manufactured by the company is, according to the method consistently followed by the company, accounted for at the time of removal of goods from the factory for sale. However, excise duty payable on the closing stock of finished goods is provided for in the accounts.

Purchases of goods and fixed assets are accounted for net of excise cenvat credit availed. Custom duty paid on import of materials is dealt with in respective materials accounts.

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT:

Revenue expenditure on Research & Development is charged against the profit of the year in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on Research & Development is shown as an addition to Fixed Assets and depreciated on the same basis as other assets.

FOREIGN CURRENCIES:

Foreign currency transactions are accounted for at the rates prevailing on the date of transaction. Differences arising out of foreign exchange rates are dealt with in the profit & loss account. Current assets and current liabilities relating to foreign currency transactions and foreign currency loans remaining unsettled at the end of the year are translated at the closing rates and profit or loss arising therefrom is dealt with in the profit & loss account.

Following the Companies (Accounting Standards) (Second Amendment) Rules, 2011, exchange rate differences, so far as they relate to the acquisition of depreciable assets, have been adjusted to the cost of such assets and are adjusted over the balance life of the assets.

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS:

Post-employment benefit plans

i. Defined Contribution Plan: Contribution for provident fund are accrued in accordance with applicable statutes and deposited with the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. Contribution for Superannuation in respect of certain employees of the company is made in accordance with the scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India.

ii. Defined Benefit Plan: The liabilities in respect of gratuity and leave encashment are determined using Projected Unit Credit Method with actuarial valuation carried out as at balance sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in full in the profit and loss account for the period in which they occur. Contributions in respect of gratuity are made to the Group Gratuity Scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India. Employee benefits recognized in the balance sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognized past service cost and as reduced by the fair value of respective fund.

Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for services rendered by employees is recognized during the period when the employee renders the service. BORROWING COSTS:

Net cost of borrowed funds for the projects are capitalized and included in the cost of fixed assets till its completion and other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which they are incurred. TAXATION:

Provisions are made for current income tax based on tax liability computed in accordance with relevant tax rates and tax laws.

Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing difference, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.

EARNING PER SHARE:

Basic Earning Per Share (EPS) is computed by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to the equity shareholders, by weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earning per share is computed using the weighted average number of equity and dilutive equity equivalent shares outstanding at the year-end.

PROVISION AND CONTINGENCIES:

The company creates a provision when there is present obligation as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of obligation. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that probably will not require an outflow of resources or where a reliable estimate of the obligation cannot be made.

---

Mar 31, 2011

BASIS OF ACCOUNTING:

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") in India, the Accounting Standards prescribed under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2010 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and are based on the historical cost convention on an accrual basis.

USE OF ESTIMATES:

The preparation of financial statement in conformity with GAAP requires the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in current and future periods.

FIXED ASSETS:

Fixed Assets are stated at cost less depreciation. Depreciation up to 1997-98 is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates and in the manner specified in schedule XIV in accordance with the provisions of section 205 (2) (b) of the companies Act, 1956. From the year 1998-99, the company has, on the basis of periodic technological evaluation, re-determined the useful life of the assets and depreciation thereon is provided accordingly at the rates stated in the schedule D to the accounts, which are higher than the rates specified in the schedule XIV to the Companies Act.

INVESTMENTS:

Long-term investments are stated at cost. Provision, if any, is made for permanent diminution in the value of investments. Current investments are stated at lower of cost or market value. Dividends are accounted for as and when the right to receive the same is established.

INVENTORIES:

Raw materials and Stores & Spares are valued at cost on weighted average basis. Semi-finished goods are valued at estimated cost. Finished goods are valued at lower of the cost or net realizable value. Inventories are stated as taken, valued and certified by the management.

SALES:

Sales comprise sale of goods and other related charges net of trade discount.

EXCISE AND CUSTOM DUTY:

Excise Duty in respect of goods manufactured by the company is, according to the method consistently followed by the company, accounted for at the time of removal of goods from the factory for sale. However, excise duty payable on the closing stock of finished goods is provided for in the accounts

Purchases of goods and fixed assets are accounted for net of excise cenvat credit availed. Custom duty paid on import of materials is dealt with in respective materials accounts.

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT:

Revenue expenditure on Research & Development is charged against the profit of the year in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on Research & Development is shown as an addition to Fixed Assets and depreciated on the same basis as other assets.

FOREIGN CURRENCIES:

Foreign currency transactions are accounted for at the rates prevailing on the date of transaction. Differences arising out of foreign exchange rates are dealt with in the profit & loss account. Current assets and current liabilities relating to foreign currency transactions and foreign currency loans remaining unsettled at the end of the year are translated at the closing rates and profit or loss arising therefrom is dealt with in the profit & loss account.

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS:

Post-employment benefit plans

i. Defined Contribution Plan: Contribution for provident fund are accrued in accordance with applicable statutes and deposited with the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. Contribution for Superannuation in respect of certain employees of the company is made in accordance with the scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India.

ii. Defined Benefit Plan: The liabilities in respect of gratuity and leave encashment are determined using Projected Unit Credit Method with actuarial valuation carried out as at balance sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in full in the profit and loss account for the period in which they occur. Contributions in respect of gratuity are made to the Group Gratuity Scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India. Employee benefits recognized in the balance sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognized past service cost and as reduced by the fair value of respective fund.

Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for services rendered by employees is recognized during the period when the employee renders the service.

BORROWING COSTS:

Net cost of borrowed funds for the projects are capitalized and included in the cost of fixed assets till its completion and other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which they are incurred.

TAXATION:

Provisions are made for current income tax based on tax liability computed in accordance with relevant tax rates and tax laws.

Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing difference, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.

EARNING PER SHARE:

Basic Earning Per Share (EPS) is computed by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to the equity shareholders by weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earning per share is computed using the weighted average number of equity and dilutive equity equivalent shares outstanding at the year-end

PROVISION AND CONTINGENCIES:

The company creates a provision when there is present obligation as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of obligation. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that probably will not require an outflow of resources or where a reliable estimate of the obligation cannot be made.

---

Mar 31, 2010

BASIS OF ACCOUNTING:

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") in India, the Accounting Standards issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and are based on the historical cost convention on an accrual basis.

USE OF ESTIMATES:

The preparation of financial statement in conformity with GAAP requires the managementto make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in current and future periods.

FIXED ASSETS:

Fixed Assets are stated at cost less depreciation. Depreciation up to 1997-98 is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates and in the manner specified in schedule XIV in accordance with the provisions of section 205 (2) (b) of the Companies Act, 1956. From the year 1998-99, the company has, on the basis of periodic technological evaluation, re-determined the useful life of the assets and depreciation thereon is provided accordingly at the rates stated in the schedule D to the accounts, which are higher than the rates specified in the schedule XIV to the Companies Act., 1956.

INVESTMENTS:

Long-term investments are stated at cost. Provision, if any, is made for permanent diminution in the value of investments. Current investments are stated at lower of cost or market value. Dividends are accounted for as and when the right to receive the same is established.

INVENTORIES:

Raw materials and Stores & Spares are valued at cost on weighted average basis. Semi-finished goods are valued at estimated cost. Finished goods are valued at lower of the cost or net realizable value. Inventories are stated as taken, valued and certified by the management.

SALES:

Sales comprise sale of goods and other related charges net of trade discount.

EXCISE AND CUSTOM DUTY:

Excise Duty in respect of goods manufactured by the company is, according to the method consistently followed by the company, accounted for at the time of removal of goods from the factory for sale. However, excise duty payable on the closing stock of finished goods is provided for in the accounts.

Purchases of goods and fixed assets are accounted for net of excise cenvat credit availed. Custom duty paid on import of materials is dealt with in respective materials accounts.

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT:

Revenue expenditure on Research & Development is charged against the profit of the year in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on Research & Development is shown as an addition to Fixed Assets and depreciated on the same basis as other assets.

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS:

Post-employment benefit plans

i. Defined Contribution Plan: Contribution for provident fund are accrued in accordance with applicable statutes and deposited with the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. Contribution for Superannuation in respect of certain employees of the company is made in accordance with the scheme with Life I nsurance Corporation of India.

ii. Defined Benefit Plan: The liabilities in respect of gratuity and leave encashment are determined using Projected Unit Credit Method with actuarial valuation carried out as at balance sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in full in the profit and loss account for the period in which they occur.

Contributions in respect of gratuity are made to the Group Gratuity Scheme with Life Insurance Corporation of India. Employee benefits recognized in the balance sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognized past service cost and as reduced by the fair value of respective fund.

Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for services rendered by employees is recognized during the period when the employee renders the service.

BORROWING COSTS:

Net cost of borrowed funds for the projects are capitalized and included in the cost of fixed assets till its completion and other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which they are incurred.

TAXATION:

Provisions are made for current income tax based on tax liability computed in accordance with relevant tax rates and tax laws.

Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing difference, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.

EARNING PER SHARE:

Basic Earning Per Share (EPS) is computed by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to the equity shareholders, by weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earning per share is computed using the weighted average number of equity and dilutive equity equivalent shares outstanding at the year-end.

PROVISION AND CONTINGENCIES:

The company creates a provision when there is present obligation as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of obligation. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that probably will not require an outflow of resources or where a reliable estimate of the obligation cannot be made.