Mar 31, 2018
1.1 Summary of significant accounting policies
1.1.1 Financial instruments
1.1.1.1 A financial instrument is a contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
Financial asset
i) Classification and measurement
Classification
The Company classifies its financial assets, other than investments in subsidiaries and joint venture in the following measurement categories:
1) those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss), and
2) those measured at amortised cost.
The classification depends on the Companyâs business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.
For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in profit or loss or other comprehensive income. For investments in debt instruments, this will depend on the business model in which the investment is held. For investments in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through other comprehensive income.
The Company reclassifies debt investments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.
Measurement
At initial recognition, all financial assets are measured initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss. Purchase or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular way trade) are recognised on trade date.
Debt instruments
Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Companyâs business model for managing the asset and the cash flow characteristics of the asset. There is only one measurement category into which the Company classifies its debt instruments as follows:
Amortised cost: Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at amortised cost and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in finance income using the effective interest rate method.â
Trade receivables
Trade receivables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less provision for impairment.
Cash and cash equivalents
For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, and bank overdrafts which are repayable on demand and form an integral part of an entityâs cash management system. Other bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the balance sheet.
ii) Impairment of financial assets
The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortised cost. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. Note 47 details how the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.
For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables.
iii) Derecognition of financial assets
A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognised when:
The rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset have been transferred, or
The Company retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.
When the Company has transferred an asset, it evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. When the Company has not transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of a financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognised.
When the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. When the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement of the asset.
iv) Income recognition
Interest income from debt instruments is recognised using the effective interest rate method. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example, prepayment, extension, call and similar options) but does not consider the expected credit losses.
Dividends are recognised in profit or loss only when the right to receive payment is established, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the Company, and the amount of the dividend can be measured reliably.
2.2.1.2 Financial liabilities
i) Initial recognition and measurement
Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss and amortised cost, as appropriate.
All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.
The Companyâs financial liabilities includes trade and other payables and loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts.
ii) Subsequent measurement
The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss.
This category also includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Company that are not designated as hedging instruments in hedge relationships as defined by Ind-AS 109.
Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the profit or loss.
Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind-AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as Fair Value Through Profit or Loss, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognized in Other Comprehensive Income. These gains/loss are not subsequently transferred to statement of profit or loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit or loss.
Loans and Borrowings
Borrowings are initially recognized at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in the statement of profit and loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities are recognised as transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down. In this case, the fee is deferred until the draw down occurs. To the extent there is no evidence that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down, the fee is capitalized as a prepayment for liquidity services and amortised over the period of the facility to which it relates. Borrowings are removed from the balance sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expired.
Trade and other payables
These amount represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of the financial year which are unpaid. Trade and other payables are classified as current liabilities unless payments is not due for payment within 12 months after the reporting period. They are recognised initially at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost model.
ii) Derecognition of financial liabilities
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in profit or loss.
2.2.1.3 Derivatives
Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured totheirfair value atthe end of each reporting period. The Company uses derivative financial instruments such as forward currency contracts to hedge its foreign currency risks which are not designated as hedges. Such derivative financial instruments are recognised at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative. Gains or losses arising from such fair valuation of such derivatives is recognised as income or expense through profit or loss.
2.2.1.4 Offsetting of financial instrument
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet where there is an enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.
2.2.1.5 Investments in subsidiaries and joint venture
Investments in subsidiaries and joint ventures are carried at cost less accumulated impairment loss, if any. Where an indication of impairment exists, the carrying amount of the investment is assessed and written down immediately to its recoverable amount. On disposal of investments in subsidiaries and joint ventures, the difference between net disposal proceeds and the carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
2.2.2 Property, plant and equipment
Freehold land is carried at historical cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are carried at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss, if any. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items.
Subsequent costs are included in the assetâs carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred. Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in the statement of profit and loss within other income/expenses.
Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual values
Depreciation including amortization where applicable is provided on pro-rata basis under Straight Line Method (SLM) over the estimated useful lives of the assets as specified in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 (âthe Actâ), which are also supported by technical assessment carried out by the Company other than the following:
- Leasehold assets(Buildings and Plant and Machinery) which are jointly held are amortized over the period of lease i.e., 6 to10 years, being lower than the useful lives specified in Schedule II to the Act for similar assets.
- Furnace refractories are depreciated over useful life of 5-6 years based on technical assessment carried out by the Company
- Leasehold land is amortized over the period of lease.
Items of spare parts, stand-by equipment and servicing equipment which meet the definition of property, plant and equipment are capitalized and depreciated under SLM on pro-rata basis at the rates specified therein. Other spare parts are carried as inventory and recognized in the income statement on consumption.
The property, plant and equipment acquired under finance leases is depreciated over the assetâs useful life or over the shorter of the assetâs useful life and the lease term if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership at the end of the lease term.
Residual value: The residual values are not more than 5% of the original cost of the assets. The useful lives, residual values and method of depreciation of property plant and equipment are reviewed and adjusted, if appropriate at the end of each reporting period.
2.2.3 Intangible assets
Intangible assets (Computer Software) are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, if any. Computer Software for internal use, which is primarily acquired, is capitalized. Subsequent costs associated with maintaining such software are recognized as expense as incurred. Cost of Software includes licenses fees and cost of implementation, system integration services etc. where applicable.
Amortization
The Company amortizes intangible assets (Computer Software) with a finite useful life using the straight line method over a period of 3 years.
2.2.4 Impairment of non financial assets
The Company assesses, at each reporting date, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the assetâs recoverable amount. An assetâs recoverable amount is the higher of an assetâs or cash generating unitâs (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. Recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the assetâs carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. Non- financial assets other than goodwill that suffered an impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at the end of each reporting period.
In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs of disposal, recent market transactions are taken into account. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.
The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and forecast calculations, which are prepared separately for each of the Companyâs CGUs to which the individual assets are allocated. These budgets and forecast calculations generally cover a period of five years. For longer periods, a long term growth rate is calculated and applied to project future cash flows after the fifth year.
Impairment losses of continuing operations, including impairment on inventories, are recognized in profit or loss section of the statement of profit and loss, except for properties previously revalued with the revaluation taken to OCI. For such properties, the impairment is recognized in OCI up to the amount of any previous revaluation.
2.2.5 Leases
The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.
For arrangements entered into prior to 1 April 2015, the date of inception is deemed to be 1 April 2015 in accordance with Ind-AS 101, First-time Adoption of Indian Accounting Standard.
As a lessee
A lease is classified at the inception date as a finance lease or an operating lease. A lease that transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the Company is classified as a finance lease. Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases.
Finance leases are capitalised at the inception date at fair value of the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding rental obligations, net of finance charges, are included in the borrowings or other financial liabilities as appropriate Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are recognised in finance costs in the statement of profit and loss. Contingent rents are charged as expenses in the period in which they are incurred.
A leased asset is depreciated over the useful life of the asset. However, if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term, the asset is depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease term.
Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term unless the payments are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the lessorâs expected inflationary cost increases.
As a lessor
Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Lease income from operating leases is recognised as income on a straight-line basis over the lease term unless the receipts are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the expected inflationary cost increases. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognised over the lease term on the same basis as rental income. Contingent rents are recognised as income in the period in which they are earned.
Leases are classified as finance leases when substantially all of the risks and rewards incidental to legal ownership transfer from the Company to the lessee. Amounts due from lessees under finance leases are recorded as receivables at the inception of the lease as the Companyâs net investment in the lease. Lease payment receivable is treated by the lessor as repayment of principal and finance income to reimburse and reward the lessor for its investment and services. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging a lease are included in the initial measurement of the finance lease receivable and reduce the amount of income recognised over the lease term. Finance lease income is allocated to accounting periods so as to reflect a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment outstanding in respect of the lease.
2.2.6 Capital work-in-progress
The items of property, plant and equipment which are not yet ready for use are disclosed as Capital work-in-progress and are carried at historical cost.
2.2.7 Inventories
Raw materials and stores, work in progress, traded and finished goods are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of raw materials and traded goods comprises cost of purchases. Cost of work-in progress and finished goods comprises direct materials, direct labour and an appropriate proportion of variable and fixed overhead expenditure, the latter being allocated on the basis of normal operating capacity. Cost of inventories also include all other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Costs are assigned to individual items of inventory on the basis of weighted average basis. Costs of purchased inventory are determined after deducting rebates, CENVAT Credits and discounts. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
2.2.8 Provisions and Contingent Liabilities
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses.
Provisions are measured at the present value of managementâs best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period. The discount rate used to determine the present value is a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as interest expense. However contingent liabilities are not considered. Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.
2.2.9 Revenue recognition
Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Amounts disclosed as revenue are inclusive of excise duty and net of returns, trade discounts, rebates, Value Added Tax and amounts collected on behalf of third parties.
The Company recognises revenue when the amount of revenue can be reliably measured, it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the Company and specific criteria have been met for each of the Companyâs activities as described below. The Company bases its estimates on historical results, taking into consideration the type of customer, the type of transaction and the specifics of each arrangement.
Sale of Goods : Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when all the following conditions are satisfied:
- the Company has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods;
- the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;
- the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;
- it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company; and
- the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.
Sale of Services : Sales are recognised upon the rendering of services and are recognised net of goods & service tax.
All other items are recognised on accrual basis.
2.2.10 Income Tax
The income tax expense or credit for the period is the tax payable on the current periodâs taxable income based on the applicable income tax rate for each jurisdiction adjusted by changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities attributable to temporary differences and to unused tax losses.
The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. It establishes provisions where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.
Deferred income tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the separate financial statements. However, deferred tax liabilities are not recognised if they arise from the initial recognition of goodwill. Deferred income tax is also not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting profit nor taxable profit (tax loss). Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realised or the deferred income tax liability is settled.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses only if it is probable that future taxable amounts will be available to utilise those temporary differences and lossâ
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority. Current tax assets and tax liabilities are offset where the Company has a legally enforceable right to offset and intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Current and deferred tax is recognised in profit or loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.
2.2.11 Employee benefits
Short-term obligations
Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognized in respect of employees services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.
Other long-term employee benefit obligations
The liabilities for earned leave and sick leave are not expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service. They are therefore measured at the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the end of the reporting period on government bonds using the projected unit credit method. The benefits are discounted using the market yields at the end of the reporting period that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation. Remeasurements as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in profit or loss.
The obligations are presented as current liabilities in the balance sheet if the Company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting period, regardless of when the actual settlement is expected to occur.
Post-employment obligations
The Company operates the following post-employment schemes:
(a) defined benefit plans such as gratuity and
(b) defined contribution plans such as provident fund.
Defined benefit plan
The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit gratuity plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by actuaries using the projected unit credit method.
The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation.
The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the statement of profit and loss.
Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the statement of changes in equity and in the balance sheet.
Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in profit or loss as past service cost.
Defined contribution plans
The Company pays provident fund contributions to publicly administered provident funds as per local regulations. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The contributions are accounted for as defined contribution plans and the contributions are recognised as employee benefit expense when they are due. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in the future payments is available.
Share-based payments
Share-based compensation benefits are provided to employees via the Employee Stock Option Scheme 2010. The fair value of options granted under the Employee Stock Option Scheme 2010 is recognised as an employee benefits expense with a corresponding increase in equity. The total amount to be expensed is determined by reference to the fair value of the options granted:
- including any market performance conditions (e.g., the Companyâs share price)
- excluding the impact of any service and non-market performance vesting conditions (e.g. profitability, sales growth targets and retaining an employee of the Company over a specified time period), and
- including the impact of any non-vesting conditions (e.g. the requirement for employees to save or hold shares for a specific period of time).
The total expense is recognised over the vesting period, which is the period over which all of the specified vesting conditions are to be satisfied. At the end of each period, the Company revises its estimates of the number of options that are expected to vest based on the non-market vesting and service conditions. It recognises the impact of the revision to original estimates, if any, in profit or loss, with a corresponding adjustment to equity.
2.2.12 Foreign currency transactions
The Companyâs financial statements are presented in Indian Rupee which is also the functional currency.
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are generally recognised in profit or loss.
Foreign exchange differences regarded as an adjustment to borrowing costs are presented in the statement of profit and loss, within finance costs. All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the statement of profit and loss on a net basis within other income/expenses.
Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined. Translation differences on assets and liabilities carried at fair value are reported as part of the fair value gain or loss.â
2.2.13 Borrowing costs
General and specific borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.
Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.
2.2.14 Earnings per share
Basic Earning per Share is calculated by dividing the profit for the year attributable to equity holders(or owners) of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.
Diluted Earning per Share is calculated by dividing the profit attributable to equity holders (or owners) of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year plus the weighted average number of equity shares that would be issued on conversion of all the dilutive potential equity shares into equity shares.
2.2.15 Segment Reporting
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker. Refer note 42 for details on segment information presented. Chief Operating Decision Making Group consists of the Executive Chairman, Vice Chairman & Managing Director, the CFO and the Director(Kalinganagar).â
Mar 31, 2016
to Financial Statements
All amount in Rs. Million, unless otherwise stated
1. GENERAL INFORMATION
VISA Steel Limited
VISA Steel Limited (VSL) is engaged in the manufacturing of Iron and Steel products including Pig Iron, Sponge Iron, Special Steel and High Carbon Ferro Chrome with captive power plant at Kalinganagar, Odisha. Incorporated on 10 September, 1996, VSL has its registered office at Bhubaneswar and Corporate Office in Kolkata with manufacturing units in Kalinganagar and Golagaon and branch offices across India. VSL is a Public Limited Company with its shares listed on BSE Limited (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE).
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
2.1 Basis of Preparation
These Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical cost convention on accrual basis. Pursuant to Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, till the standards of accounting or any addendum thereto are prescribed by Central Government in consultation and recommendation of the National Financial Reporting Authority, the existing Accounting Standards notified under the Companies Act, 1956 shall continue to apply. Consequently these Financial Statements have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with the Accounting Standards notified under Section 211(3C) [Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules 2006, as amended] and the other relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for the processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current / non-current classification of assets and liabilities.
2.2 Fixed Assets
(a) Tangible Assets
(i) Tangible Assets are stated at cost net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses if any. Cost comprises cost of acquisition, construction and subsequent improvements thereto including taxes and duties (net of credits and drawbacks), freight and other incidental expenses related to acquisition and installation.
(ii) Subsequent expenditure related to an item of fixed asset are added to its book value only if they increase the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.
(iii) Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains or losses arising from disposal of tangible assets which are carried at cost are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(b) Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets are stated at cost net of accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises cost of acquisition, installations and subsequent improvements thereto including taxes and duties (net of credits and drawbacks, if any).
(c) Capital Work-in-Progress
Capital Work-in-Progress is stated at cost and is inclusive of preoperative expenses, project development expenses etc.
(d) Depreciation and amortization
(i) Depreciation including amortization on tangible assets, where applicable is provided on pro-rata basis under Straight Line Method (SLM) over the estimated useful lives of the assets as specified in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 (''the Act''), other than the following:
Leasehold assets(Buildings and Plant and Machinary) which are jointly held are amortized over the period of lease - 10 years, being lower than the useful lives specified in Schedule II to the Act for similar assets.
Furnace refractories are depreciated over useful life of 5-6 years based on technical assessment done by the Company.
(ii) Leasehold land is amortized over the period of lease. No depreciation is provided for freehold land.
(iii) Amortization of Intangible Assets is done over its useful life of three years under SLM.
2.3 Impairment Loss
An impairment loss, if any, is recognized wherever the carrying amount of the fixed assets exceeds the recoverable amount i.e. the higher of the assets'' net selling price and value in use.
2.4 Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs attributable to acquisition and / or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as a part of the cost of such assets up to the date when such assets are ready for its intended use. Other borrowing costs are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss.
2.5 Investments
Investments of long term nature are stated at cost, less adjustment for diminution, other than temporary, in the carrying amounts thereof.
2.6 Inventories
Inventories are stated at cost (net of CENVAT credit) or net realizable value, whichever is lower. Cost is determined on weighted average basis and comprises expenditure incurred in the normal course of business in bringing such inventories to their present location and condition and includes, where applicable appropriate overheads. Obsolete, slow moving and defective inventories are identified at the time of physical verification and where necessary, provision is made for such inventories.
2.7 Revenue Recognition
(i) Sale of Goods: Sales are recognized when the substantial risks and reward of ownership in the goods are transferred to the buyer as per the terms of the contract and are recognized net of trade discounts, rebates, sales taxes, VAT but including excise duties.
(ii) Sale of Services: Sales are recognized upon the rendering of services and are recognized net of service tax.
(iii) Other items are recognized on accrual basis.
2.8 Other Income
(i) Interest: Interest Income is generally recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable, when there is reasonable certainty as to realization.
(ii) Dividend: Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive dividend is established.
(iii) All other items are recognized on accrual basis.
2.9 Transactions in Foreign Currencies
(i) Initial Recognition
On initial recognition, all foreign currencies transactions are recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.
(ii) Subsequent Recognition
At the reporting date, foreign currency non-monetary items carried in terms of historical cost are reported using the exchange rate at the date of transactions.
All monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currency are restated at the end of accounting period at the closing exchange rate. With respect to long-term foreign currency monetary items, from 1 April 2011 onwards, the Company has adopted the following policy:
(a) Foreign exchange difference on account of a depreciable asset, is adjusted in the cost of depreciable asset, which would be depreciated over the balance life of the asset.
(b) In other cases, the foreign exchange difference is accumulated in a Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account, and amortized over the balance period of such long term asset / liability.
Exchange differences on re-instatement of all other monetary items are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(iii) Forward Exchange Contracts
The premium or discount arising at the inception of forward exchange contracts entered into to hedge an existing asset/liability, is amortized as expense or income over the life of the contract. Exchange differences on such a contract are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the reporting period in which the exchange rates change. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewal of such a forward exchange contract is recognized as income or as expense for the period.
2.10 Employee Benefits
(i) Short-term Employee Benefits
The undiscounted amount of Short-term Employee Benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees is recognized during the period when the employee renders the service.
(ii) Post Employment Benefit Plans
Contributions under Defined Contribution Plans payable in keeping with the related schemes are recognized as expenses for the year.
For Defined Benefit Plans, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit Method (PUCM), with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in full in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the period in which the yoccur.Past service cost is recognized immediately to the extent that the benefitsarealreadyvested,orotherwiseisamortizedonastraight-linebasisovertheaverageperioduntilthebenefitsbecomevested. The retirement benefit obligation recognized in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognized past service cost, and as reduced by the fair value of plan as sets where such plans a refunded. Measurement of any assets resulting from this calculation is limited to the present value of economic benefits available in the form of refunds from the plan or reductions in future contributions to the plan.
(iii) Other Long-term Employee Benefits (Unfunded)
The cost of providing long-term employee benefits is determined using PUCM with actuarial valuation being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses and past service cost are recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the period in which they occur. Other long term employee benefit obligation recognized in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of related obligation.
2.11 Accounting for Taxes on Income
Current Tax in respect of taxable income is provided for the year based on applicable tax rates and laws. Deferred tax is recognized subject to the consideration of prudence in respect of deferred tax assets, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods and is measured using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date to re-assess realization.
Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off assets and liabilities representing current tax and where the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing taxation laws.
Minimum Alternative Tax Credit is recognized as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. Such asset is reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and the carrying amount of the MAT credit asset is written down to the extent there is no longer a convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period.
2.12 Provisions and Contingent Liabilities
Provisions are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the amount required to settle the present obligation at the Balance sheet date and are not discounted to its present value.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.
2.13 Leases
Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease.
2.14 Segment Reporting
The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for the Company. Further, inter-segment revenues have been accounted for based on prices normally negotiated between the segments with reference to the costs, market prices and business risks, within an overall optimization objective for the Company. Revenue and expenses have been identified with segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis have been included under "Corporate-Unallocated/Others (Net)".
2.15 Cash and Cash Equivalents
In the Cash Flow Statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash in hand, demand deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.
2.16 Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Earnings considered in ascertaining the Company''s earnings per share is the net profit for the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
Mar 31, 2015
1. GENERAL INFORMATION VISA Steel Limited
VISA Steel Limited (VSL) is engaged in the manufacturing of Iron and
Steel products including Pig Iron, Sponge Iron, Special Steel and High
Carbon Ferro Chrome with captive power plant at Kalinganagar, Odisha.
Incorporated on 10 September, 1996, VSL has its registered office at
Bhubaneswar and Corporate Office in Kolkata with manufacturing units in
Kalinganagar and Golagaon and branch offices across India. VSL is a
Public Limited Company with its shares listed on BSE Limited (BSE) and
National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE).
2.1 Basis of Preparation
These Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with the
generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical
cost convention on accrual basis. Pursuant to Section 133 of the
Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules,
2014, till the standards of accounting or any addendum thereto are
prescribed by Central Government in consultation and recommendation of
the National Financial Reporting Authority, the existing Accounting
Standards notified under the Companies Act, 1956 shall continue to
apply. Consequently these Financial Statements have been prepared to
comply in all material aspects with the Accounting Standards notified
under Section 211(3C) [Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules 2006, as
amended] and the other relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or
non-current as per the Company's operating cycle and other criteria set
out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature
of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for the
processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents, the
Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the
purpose of current / non-current classification of assets and
liabilities.
2.2 Fixed Assets
(a) Tangible Assets
(i) Tangible Assets are stated at cost net of accumulated depreciation
and accumulated impairment losses if any. Cost comprises cost of
acquisition, construction and subsequent improvements thereto including
taxes and duties (net of credits and drawbacks), freight and other
incidental expenses related to acquisition and installation.
(ii) Subsequent expenditure related to an item of fixed asset are added
to its book value only if they increase the future benefits from the
existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.
(iii) Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains or losses
arising from disposal of tangible assets which are carried at cost are
recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(b) Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets are stated at cost net of accumulated amortization
and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises cost of
acquisition, installations and subsequent improvements thereto
including taxes and duties (net of credits and drawbacks, if any).
(c) Capital Work-in-Progress
Capital Work-in-Progress is stated at cost and is inclusive of
preoperative expenses, project development expenses etc.
(d) Depreciation and amortization
(i) Depreciation including amortization on tangible assets, where
applicable is provided on pro-rata basis under Straight Line Method
(SLM) over the estimated useful lives of the assets as specified in
Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 ('the Act'), other than the
following:
Leasehold assets(Buildings and Plant and Machinery) which are jointly
held are amortized over the period of lease i.e, 10 years, being lower
than the useful lives specified in Schedule II to the Act for similar
assets.
Furnace refractoriness are depreciated over useful life of 5-6 years
based on technical assessment done by the Company.
(ii) Leasehold land is amortized over the period of lease. No
depreciation is provided for freehold land. (iii) Amortization of
Intangible Assets is done over its useful life of three years under
SLM.
2.3 Impairment Loss
An impairment loss, if any, is recognized wherever the carrying amount
of the fixed assets exceeds the recoverable amount i.e. the higher of
the assets' net selling price and value in use.
2.4 Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs attributable to acquisition and / or construction of
qualifying assets are capitalized as a part of the cost of such assets
up to the date when such assets are ready for its intended use. Other
borrowing costs are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss.
2.5 Investments
Investments of long term nature are stated at cost, less adjustment for
diminution, other than temporary, in the carrying amounts thereof.
2.6 Inventories
Inventories are stated at cost (net of CENVAT credit) or net realizable
value, whichever is lower. Cost is determined on weighted average basis
and comprises expenditure incurred in the normal course of business in
bringing such inventories to their present location and condition and
includes, where applicable appropriate overheads. Obsolete, slow moving
and defective inventories are identified at the time of physical
verification and where necessary, provision is made for such
inventories.
2.7 Revenue Recognition
(i) Sale of Goods: Sales are recognized when the substantial risks and
reward of ownership in the goods are transferred to the buyer as per
the terms of the contract and are recognised net of trade discounts,
rebates, sales taxes, VAT but including excise duties.
(ii) Sale of Services : Sales are recognized upon the rendering of
services and are recognized net of service tax.
(iii) Other items are recognized on accrual basis.
2.8 Other Income
(i) Interest: Interest Income is generally recognized on a time
proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the
rate applicable, when there is reasonable certainty as to realization.
(ii) Dividend: Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive
dividend is established. (iii) All other items are recognized on
accrual basis.
2.9 Transactions in Foreign Currencies
(i) Initial Recognition
On initial recognition, all foreign currencies transactions are
recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.
(ii) Subsequent Recognition
At the reporting date, foreign currency non-monetary items carried in
terms of historical cost are reported using the exchange rate at the
date of transactions.
All monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currency are restated at
the end of accounting period at the closing exchange rate. With respect
to long-term foreign currency monetary items, from 1 April 2011
onwards, the Company has adopted the following policy:
(a) Foreign exchange difference on account of a depreciable asset, is
adjusted in the cost of depreciable asset, which would be depreciated
over the balance life of the asset.
(b) In other cases, the foreign exchange difference is accumulated in a
Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account, and
amortized over the balance period of such long term asset / liability.
Exchange differences on re-instatement of all other monetary items are
recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(iii) Forward Exchange Contracts
The premium or discount arising at the inception of forward exchange
contracts entered into to hedge an existing asset/liability, is
amortized as expense or income over the life of the contract. Exchange
differences on such a contract are recognized in the Statement of
Profit and Loss in the reporting period in which the exchange rates
change. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewal of such a
forward exchange contract is recognized as income or as expense for the
period.
2.10 Employee Benefits
(i) Short-term Employee Benefits
The undiscounted amount of Short-term Employee Benefits expected to be
paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees is recognized
during the period when the employee renders the service.
(ii) Post Employment Benefit Plans
Contributions under Defined Contribution Plans payable in keeping with
the related schemes are recognized as expenses for the year.
For Defined Benefit Plans, the cost of providing benefits is determined
using the Projected Unit Credit Method (PUCM), with actuarial
valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial
gains and losses are recognized in full in the Statement of Profit and
Loss for the period in which they occur. Past service cost is
recognized immediately to the extent that the benefits are already
vested, or otherwise is amortized on a straight-line basis over the
average period until the benefits become vested. The retirement benefit
obligation recognized in the Balance Sheet represents the present value
of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognized past
service cost, and as reduced by the fair value of plan assets where
such plans are funded. Measurement of any assets resulting from this
calculation is limited to the present value of economic benefits
available in the form of refunds from the plan or reductions in future
contributions to the plan.
(iii) Other Long-term Employee Benefits (Unfunded)
The cost of providing long-term employee benefits is determined using
PUCM with actuarial valuation being carried out at each Balance Sheet
date. Actuarial gains and losses and past service cost are recognised
immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the period in which
they occur. Other long term employee benefit obligation recognized in
the Balance Sheet represents the present value of related obligation.
2.11 Accounting for Taxes on Income
Current Ta x in respect of taxable income is provided for the year
based on applicable tax rates and laws. Deferred tax is recognized
subject to the consideration of prudence in respect of deferred tax
assets, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable
income and accounting income that originate in one period and are
capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods and is measured
using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively
enacted by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at
each Balance Sheet date to re-assess realization.
Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is
legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there
is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis.
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there
is a legally enforceable right to set off assets and liabilities
representing current tax and where the deferred tax assets and the
deferred tax liabilities relate to taxes on income levied by the same
governing taxation laws.
Minimum Alternative Tax Credit is recognized as an asset only when and
to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay
normal income tax during the specified period. Such asset is reviewed
at each Balance Sheet date and the carrying amount of the MAT credit
asset is written down to the extent there is no longer a convincing
evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal income tax
during the specified period.
2.12 Provisions and Contingent Liabilities
Provisions are recognized when there is a present obligation as a
result of a past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources
embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation
and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation.
Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the amount required to
settle the present obligation at the Balance sheet date and are not
discounted to its present value.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible
obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be
confirmed only by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more
uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or
a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either
not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or
a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.
2.13 Leases
Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of
ownership are retained by the lesser are classified as operating
leases. Payments made under operating leases are charged to the
Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the period
of the lease.
2.14 Segment Reporting
The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in conformity
with the accounting policies adopted for the Company. Further,
inter-segment revenues have been accounted for based on prices normally
negotiated between the segments with reference to the costs, market
prices and business risks, within an overall optimization objective for
the Company. Revenue and expenses have been identified with segments on
the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the
segment. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the Company as a whole
and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis have been
included under "Corporate-Unallocated/Others (Net).
2.15 Cash and Cash Equivalents
In the Cash Flow Statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash in
hand, demand deposits with banks, other short- term highly liquid
investments with original maturities of three months or less.
2.16 Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Earnings
considered in ascertaining the Company's earnings per share is the net
profit for the period. The weighted average number of equity shares
outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted
for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of
potential equity shares, that have changed the number of equity shares
outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources. For the
purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the
weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are
adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
(b) Rights, preferences and restrictions attached to shares
The Company has only one class of equity shares referred to as equity
shares having a par value of Rs. 10 per share. Each Shareholder is
entitled to one vote per share held. The Company declares and pays
dividend in Rupees. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is
subject to the approval of shareholders in the ensuing Annual General
Meeting, except in case of interim dividend. In the event of
liquidation, the equity shareholders are eligible to receive the
remaining assets of the Company after distribution of all preferential
amounts, in proportion to their shareholding.
Pursuant to Sale of Shares by VISA Infrastructure Limited, VISA
infrastructure Limited has since ceased to be the Holding Company of
the Company with effect from April 22, 2015. However VISA
Infrastructure Limited and VISA international Limited continue to be
part of the promoter and promoter group holding in aggregate
73,923,000/- equity shares representing 67.21% of total paid up share
capital as on 29 May 2015.
(e) Share reserved for issue under option and Contracts/Commitments
For details of share reserved for issue under the Employee Stock Option
Plan (ESOP) of the Company [Refer Note 41].
For Right of conversion of Debt into Equity Shares of the Company in
terms of CDR Package [Refer Note 5(E)].
(f) VISA Infrastructure Limited, the Holding Company continues to have
pledged 44,387,167 (31 March 2014 : 44,387,167) numbers of Equity
Shares at the year end being 75.60 % (31 March 2014 : 75.60 %) of its
total shareholding.
Mar 31, 2013
1.1 Basis of Preparation
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the
generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical
cost convention on accrual basis and also to comply in all material
aspects with the accounting standards notified under Section 211(3C)
[Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, as amended] and other
relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or
non-current as per the Company''s operating cycle and other criteria set
out in the Revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956. Based on the
nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for
the processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the
Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the
purpose of current / non-current classification of assets and
liabilities.
1.2 Fixed Assets
(a) Tangible Assets
(i) Tangible Assets are stated at cost net of accumulated depreciation
and accumulated impairment losses if any. Cost comprises cost of
acquisition, construction and subsequent improvements thereto including
taxes and duties (net of credits and draw backs), freight and other
incidental expenses related to acquisition and installation.
(ii) Subsequent expenditure related to an item of fixed asset are added
to its book value only if they increase the future benefits from the
existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.
(iii) Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains or losses
arising from disposal of tangible assets which are carried at cost are
recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(b) Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets are stated at cost net of accumulated amortization
and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises cost of
acquisition, installations and subsequent improvements thereto
including taxes and duties (net of credits and drawbacks, if any).
(c) Capital Work-in-Progress
Capital Work-in-Progress is stated at cost and is inclusive of
pre-operative expenses, project development expenses etc.
(d) Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation including amortization on fixed assets, is provided under
Straight Line Method (SLM) in accordance with Schedule XIV to the
Companies Act, 1956, other than the following:
(i) Leasehold land is amortized under SLM over the period of lease. No
depreciation is provided for freehold land.
(ii) Leasehold assets which are jointly held are amortized under SLM
over the period of the lease terms.
(iii) Computer software are being amortized under SLM over its useful
life of three years.
1.3 Impairment Loss
An impairment loss, if any, is recognised wherever the carrying amount
of the fixed assets exceeds the recoverable amount i.e. the higher of
the assets'' net selling price and value in use.
1.4 Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs attributable to acquisition and / or construction of
qualifying assets are capitalized as a part of the cost of such assets
up to the date when such assets are ready for its intended use. Other
borrowing costs are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss.
1.5 Investments
Investments of long term nature are stated at cost, less adjustment for
diminution, other than temporary, in the carrying amounts thereof.
1.6 Inventories
Inventories are stated at cost (net of CENVAT credit) or net realisable
value, whichever is lower. Cost is determined on weighted average basis
and comprises expenditure incurred in the normal course of business in
bringing such inventories to their location and includes, where
applicable appropriate overheads. Obsolete, slow moving and defective
inventories are identified at the time of physical verification and
where necessary, provision is made for such inventories.
1.7 Revenue Recognition
(i) Sale of Goods: Sales are recognised when the substantial risks and
reward of ownership in the goods are transferred to the buyer as per
the terms of the contract and are recognised net of trade discounts,
rebates, sales taxes, VAT but including excise duties.
(ii) Sale of Services : Sales are recognised upon the rendering of
services and are recognised net of service tax.
(iii) Other items are recognised on accrual basis.
1.8 Other Income
(i) Interest: Interest Income is generally recognised on a time
proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the
rate applicable, when there is reasonable certainty as to realisation.
(ii) Dividend: Dividend income is recognised when the right to receive
dividend is established.
(iii) All other items are recognised on accrual basis.
1.9 Transactions in Foreign Currencies
(i) Initial Recognition
On initial recognition, all foreign currencies transactions are
recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction.
(ii) Subsequent Recognition
At the reporting date, foreign currency non-monetary items carried in
terms of historical cost are reported using the exchange rate at the
date of transactions.
All monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currency are restated at
the end of accounting period at the closing exchange rate. With respect
to long-term foreign currency monetary items, from 1 April 2011
onwards, the Company has adopted the following policy:
(a) Foreign exchange difference on account of a depreciable asset, is
adjusted in the cost of depreciable asset, which would be depreciated
over the balance life of the asset.
(b) In other cases, the foreign exchange difference is accumulated in a
Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account, and
amortized over the balance period of such long term asset / liability.
Exchange differences on re-instatement of all other monetary items are
recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(iii) Forward Exchange Contracts
The premium or discount arising at the inception of forward exchange
contracts entered into to hedge an existing asset/liability, is
amortized as expense or income over the life of the contract. Exchange
differences on such a contract are recognised in the Statement of
Profit and Loss in the reporting period in which the exchange rates
change. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewal of such a
forward exchange contract are recognised as income or as expense for
the period.
1.10 Employee Benefits
(i) Short-term Employee Benefits
The undiscounted amount of Short-term Employee Benefits expected to be
paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees is recognised
during the period when the employee renders the service.
(ii) Post Employment Benefit Plans
Contributions under Defined Contribution Plans payable in keeping with
the related schemes are recognised as expenses for the year.
For Defined Benefit Plans, the cost of providing benefits is determined
using the Projected Unit Credit Method (PUCM), with actuarial
valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial
gains and losses are recognised in full in the Statement of Profit and
Loss for the period in which they occur. Past service cost is ecognised
immediately to the extent that the benefits are already vested, or
otherwise is amortized on a straight-line basis over the average period
until the benefits become vested. The retirement benefit obligation
recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the
defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognised past service
cost, and as reduced by the fair value of plan assets where such plans
are funded. Measurement of any assets resulting from this calculation
is limited to the present value of economic benefits available in the
form of refunds from the plan or reductions in future contributions to
the plan.
(iii) Other Long-term Employee Benefits (Unfunded)
The cost of providing long-term employee benefits is determined using
PUCM with actuarial valuation being carried out at each Balance Sheet
date. Actuarial gains and losses and past service cost are recognised
immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the period in which
they occur. Other long term employee benefit obligation recognised in
the Balance Sheet represents the present value of related obligation.
1.11 Accounting for Taxes on Income
Current Ta x in respect of taxable income is provided for the year
based on applicable tax rates and laws. Deferred tax is recognised
subject to the consideration of prudence in respect of deferred tax
assets, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable
income and accounting income that originate in one period and are
capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods and is measured
using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively
enacted by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at
each Balance Sheet date to re-assess realisation.
Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is
legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there
is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis.
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there
is a legally enforceable right to set off assets and liabilities
representing current tax and where the deferred tax assets and the
deferred tax liabilities relate to taxes on income levied by the same
governing taxation laws.
Minimum Alternative Tax Credit is recognised as an asset only when and
to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay
normal income tax during the specified period. Such asset is reviewed
at each Balance Sheet date and the carrying amount of the MAT credit
asset is written down to the extent there is no longer a convincing
evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal income tax
during the specified period.
1.12 Provisions and Contingent Liabilities
Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a
result of a past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources
embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation
and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation.
Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the amount required to
settle the present obligation at the Balance sheet date and are not
discounted to its present value.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible
obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be
confirmed only by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more
uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or
a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either
not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or
a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.
1.13 Leases
Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of
ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating
leases. Payments made under operating leases are charged to the
Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the period
of the lease.
1.14 Cash and Cash Equivalents
In the Cash Flow Statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash in
hand, demand deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid
investments with original maturities of three months or less.
1.15 Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Earnings
considered in ascertaining the Company''s earnings per share is the net
profit for the period. The weighted average number of equity shares
outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted
for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of
potential equity shares, that have changed the number of equity shares
outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources. For the
purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the
weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is
adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
Mar 31, 2012
1.1 Principal Accounting Policies
The Financial Statements have been prepared to comply in all material
aspects with all the applicable accounting principles in India, the
applicable accounting standards u/s 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956
and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. A summary of
important accounting policies which have been applied consistently are
set out below. Financial Statements have also been prepared in
accordance with relevant presentational requirements of the Companies
Act, 1956 of India.
1.2 Basis of Accounting
The Financial Statements have been prepared under the historical cost
convention.
1.3 (a) Fixed Assets
(i) Fixed Assets are stated at their acquisition cost (net of CENVAT
credit), where applicable together with any incidental expenses of
acquisition / installation. Cost of acquisition includes borrowing
costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition / construction
of qualifying assets. Impairment loss, if any, ascertained as per the
Accounting Standard u/s 211 (3C) of the Companies Act, 1956.
(ii) Exchange difference pertaining to long term foreign currency
monetary items are added / deducted from the capital assets in
pursuance to the Notification No. GSR 914(E) dated 29 December 2011
issued by Ministry of Corporate Affairs amending Accounting Standard
(AS) 11, "The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates", w.e.f
1 April 2011.
(iii) Profit or loss on disposal of fixed assets is recognised in the
Statement of Profit and Loss.
(b) Depreciation and Amortisation
(i) Depreciation on fixed assets, other than leasehold land, is
provided on Straight Line Method in accordance with Schedule XIV of the
Companies Act, 1956. Leasehold land is amortised over the period of
lease. No depreciation is provided for freehold land.
(ii) Leasehold asset which are jointly held are amortised over the
period of the lease term.
(iii) Computer software has been capitalised as Intangible Assets and
are being amortised over its useful lifes of three years.
1.4 Investments
Investments of long term nature is stated at cost, less adjustment for
diminution, other than temporary, in the value thereof.
1.5 Inventories
Inventories are stated at cost (net of CENVAT credit) or net realisable
value, whichever is lower. Cost is determined on weighted average basis
and comprises of expenditure incurred in the normal course of business
in bringing such inventories to their location and includes, where
applicable appropriate overheads. Obsolete, slow moving and defective
inventories are identified at the time of physical verification and
where necessary, provision is made for such inventories.
1.6 Sales
Sales represent the invoiced value of goods and services supplied, net
of value added tax (VAT) / sales tax but inclusive of excise duty.
1.7 Transactions in Foreign Currencies
(i) Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded in rupees by
applying the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction.
Transactions remaining unsettled are translated at the rate of exchange
ruling at the end of the year. Exchange gain or loss arising on
settlement / translation is recognised in the Statement of Profit and
Loss, except those as mentioned in note 2.3 a (ii).
(ii) Premium or discount on forward contracts are amortised over the
life of the contract. Foreign exchange forward contracts are revalued
at the balance sheet date and the exchange difference between the spot
rate at the date of the contract and the spot rate on the balance sheet
date is recognised as gain / loss in the Statement of Profit and Loss,
except those as mentioned in note 2.3 a (ii).
1.8 Employee Benefits
(i) Post Retirement Benefit
(a) Provident Fund
The Company operates defined contribution schemes like Provident Fund.
The Company makes regular contribution to provident funds which are
fully funded and administered by Government and are independent of
Company's finance. Contributions are recognised in Statement of Profit
and Loss on an accrual basis.
(b) Gratuity
Defined Benefit Plans like Gratuity Schemes are also maintained by the
Company. The Company has taken out a policy with Life Insurance
Corporation of India (LICI) for future payment of gratuity liability to
its employees. Gratuity liability is determined at the end of each
year by LICI in accordance with the method stated in the Accounting
Standard 15 (Revised 2005) [AS 15 (Revised)] on "Employee Benefits"
and such liability has been provided for in the accounts. Annual
Premium determined by LICI is contributed.
(ii) Other Long-term Employee Benefits:
Leave Encashment
Leave encashment benefit is determined on the basis of independent
actuarial valuation (using Projected Unit Credit Method), at the end of
each year in accordance with the method stated in AS 15 (Revised) and
such liability is provided for in the accounts and charge is recognised
in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(iii) Other Employee Benefits are accounted for on accrual basis.
1.9 Accounting for Taxes on Income
Current tax in respect of taxable income is recognised based on
applicable tax rates and laws. Deferred tax is recognised subject to
consideration of prudence in respect of deferred tax assets, on timing
differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting
income, that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one
or more subsequent periods and is measured using tax rates and laws
that have been substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.
Deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is reasonable
certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available
against which such deferred tax assets will be realised. Such assets
are reviewed as at each balance sheet date to reassess realisability
thereof. Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) Credit is recognised as an asset
only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the
Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. Such
asset is reviewed at each balance sheet date and the carrying amount of
the MAT Credit asset is written down to the extent there is no longer a
convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal
income tax during the specified period.
1.10 Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs attributable to acquisition and / or construction of
qualifying assets are capitalised as a part of the cost of such assets
upto the date when such assets are ready for its intended use. Other
borrowing costs are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
1.11 Leases
Assets acquired as leases where a significant portion of the risk and
rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as
Operating Leases. Lease rentals in respect of assets acquired under
Operating Lease are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on
accrual basis.
1.12 Miscellaneous Expenditure - To the extent not written off or
adjusted Public issue expenses are being amortised over a period of
five years.
Mar 31, 2011
(a) Principal Accounting Policies
The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material
aspects with all the applicable accounting principles in India, the
applicable accounting standards u/s 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956
and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. A summary of
important accounting policies which have been applied consistently are
set out below. Financial Statements have also been prepared in
accordance with relevant presentational requirements of the Companies
Act, 1956 of India.
(b) Basis of Accounting
The Financial Statements have been prepared under the historical cost
convention.
(c) Fixed Assets
(i) Fixed Assets are stated at their acquisition cost (net of CENVAT
credit), where applicable together with any incidental expenses of
acquisition/installation. Cost of acquisition includes borrowing costs
that are directly attributable to the acquisition/construction of
qualifying assets. Impairment loss, if any, ascertained as per the
Accounting Standard u/s 211 (3C) of the Companies Act, 1956.
(ii) Depreciation on fixed assets, other than leasehold land, is
provided on Straight Line Method in accordance with Schedule XIV of the
Companies Act, 1956. Leasehold land is amortized over the period of
lease. No depreciation is provided for freehold land.
(iii) Computer software has been capitalised as Intangible Assets and
are being amortised in equal installments over its useful life of three
years.
(iv) Profit or loss on disposal of fixed assets is recognised in Profit
and Loss Account.
(d) Investments
Investments of long term nature is stated at cost, less adjustment for
diminution, other than temporary, in the value thereof.
(e) Inventories
Inventories are stated at cost (net of CENVAT credit) or net realisable
value, whichever is lower. Cost is determined on weighted average basis
and comprises of expenditure incurred in the normal course of business
in bringing such inventories to their location and includes, where
applicable appropriate overheads. Obsolete, slow moving and defective
inventories are identified at the time of physical verification and
where necessary, provision is made for such inventories.
(f) Sales
Sales represent the invoiced value of goods and services supplied, net
of value added tax (VAT)/sales tax but inclusive of excise duty.
(g) Transactions in Foreign Currencies
Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded in rupees by applying
the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction. Transactions
remaining unsettled are translated at the rate of exchange ruling at
the end of the year. Exchange gain or loss arising on
settlement/translation is recognised in the Profit and Loss Account.
Premium or discount on forward contracts are amortised over the life of
the contract. Foreign exchange forward contracts are revalued at the
balance sheet date and the exchange difference between the spot rate at
the date of the contract and the spot rate on the balance sheet date is
recognised as gain/loss in the Profit & Loss Account.
(h) Employee Benefits
(I) Post Retirement Benefits:
(a) Provident Fund The Company Operates defined contribution schemes
Like Provident Fund. The Company makes regular contribution to
Provident Fund which are fully funded and administered by Government
and are Independent of Companys finance. Contributions are recognized
in Profit & Loss Account on an accrual basis.
(b) Gratuity Defined Benefit Plans like Gratuity Schemes are also
maintained by the Company. The Company has taken out a policy with Life
Insurance Corporation of India (LICI) for future payment of Gratuity
liability to its employees. Gratuity liability is determined at the end
of each year by LICI in accordance with the method stated in the
Accounting Standard 15 (Revised 2005) on "Employee Benefits" and such
liability has been provided for in the accounts. Annual Premium
determined by LICI is contributed.
(II) Other Employee Benefits:
(a) Leave Encashment Leave encashment benefit is determined on the
basis of independent actuarial valuation, at the end of each year in
accordance with the method stated in AS 15 (Revised 2005) and such
liability is provided for in the accounts and charge is recognized in
the Profit and Loss Account.
(b) Other Employee Benefits are accounted for on accrual basis.
(i) Deferred Tax
Deferred Tax is recognised using the liability method, at the current
rate of taxation, on all timing differences to the extent it is
probable that a liability or asset will crystallise. Deferred Tax
Assets are recognised subject to consideration of prudence and are
periodically reviewed to reassess realisation thereof.
(j) Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs attributable to acquisition and/or construction of
qualifying assets are capitalized as a part of the cost of such assets
upto the date when such assets are ready for its intended use. Other
borrowing costs are charged to Profit & Loss Account.
(k) Leases
Assets acquired as leases where a significant portion of the risk and
rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as
operating leases. Lease rentals are charged to the Profit and Loss
Account on accrual basis.
(l) Miscellaneous Expenditure - To the extent not written off or
adjusted
Public issue expenses have been amortized in equal installment over a
period of five years.
Mar 31, 2010
(a) Principal Accounting Policies
The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material
aspects with all the applicable accounting principles in India, the
applicable accounting standards u/s 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956
and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. A summary of
important accounting policies which have been applied consistently are
set out below. Financial Statements have also been prepared in
accordance with relevant presentational requirements of the Companies
Act, 1956 of India.
(b) Basis of Accounting
The Financial Statements have been prepared under the historical cost
convention.
(c) Fixed Assets
(i) Fixed Assets are stated at their acquisition cost (net of CENVAT
credit), where applicable together with any incidental expenses of
acquisition/installation. Cost of acquisition includes borrowing costs
that are directly attributable to the acquisition/construction of
qualifying assets. Impairment loss, if any, ascertained as per the
Accounting Standard u/s 211 (3C) of the Companies Act, 1956.
(ii) Depreciation on fixed assets, other than leasehold land, is
provided on Straight Line Method in accordance with Schedule XIV of the
Companies Act, 1956. Leasehold land is amortized over the period of
lease. No depreciation is provided for freehold land.
(iii) Computer software has been capitalised as Intangible Assets and
are being amortised in equal installments over its useful life of three
years.
(iv) Profit or loss on disposal of fixed assets is recognised in Profit
and Loss Account.
(d) Investments
Investments of long term nature is stated at cost, less adjustment for
diminution, other than temporary, in the value thereof.
(e) Inventories
Inventories are stated at cost (net of CENVAT credit) or net realisable
value, whichever is lower. Cost is determined on weighted average basis
and comprises of expenditure incurred in the normal course of business
in bringing such inventories to their location and includes, where
applicable appropriate overheads. Obsolete, slow moving and defective
inventories are identified at the time of physical verification and
where necessary, provision is made for such inventories.
(f) Sales
Sales represent the invoiced value of goods and services supplied, net
of value added tax (VAT)/sales tax but inclusive of excise duty.
(g) Transactions in Foreign Currencies
Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded in rupees by applying
the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transaction. Transactions
remaining unsettled are translated at the rate of exchange ruling at
the end of the year. Exchange gain or loss arising on settlement/
translation is recognised in the Profit and Loss Account. Premium or
discount on forward contracts are amortised over the life of the
contract. Foreign exchange forward contracts are revalued at the
balance sheet date and the exchange diference between the spot rate at
the date of the contract and the spot rate on the balance sheet date is
recognised as gain/loss in the Profit & Loss Account.
(h) Employee Benefits
(I) Post Retirement Benefits:
(a) Provident Fund
The Company operates defined contribution schemes like Provident Fund.
The Company makes regular contribution to provident funds which are
fully funded and administered by Government and are independent of
CompanyÃs finance. Contributions are recognized in Profit & Loss
Account on an accrual basis.
(b) Gratuity
Defined Benefit Plans like Gratuity Schemes are also maintained by the
Company. The Company has taken out a policy with Life Insurance
Corporation of India (LICI) for future payment of gratuity liability to
its employees. Gratuity liability is determined as at the end of each
year by LICI in accordance with the method stated in the Accounting
Standard 15 (Revised 2005) on ÃEmployee Benefitsà and such liability
has been provided for in the accounts. Annual Premium determined by
LICI is contributed.
(c) Leave Encashment
Leave encashment benefit on retirement is determined on the basis of
independent actuarial valuation, at the end of each year in accordance
with the method stated in Accounting Standard 15 (Revised 2005) and
such liability is provided for in the accounts and charge is recognized
in the Profit and Loss Account. Actuarial gains and losses, where
applicable, are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account.
(II) Other Employee Benefits:
Other Employee Benefits are accounted for on accrual basis.
(i) Deferred Tax
Deferred Tax is recognised using the liability method, at the current
rate of taxation, on all timing diferences to the extent it is probable
that a liability or asset will crystallise. Deferred Tax Assets are
recognised subject to consideration of prudence and are periodically
reviewed to reassess realisation thereof.
(j) Borrowing Cost
Borrowing costs attributable to acquisition and/ or construction of
qualifying assets are capitalized as a part of the cost of such assets
upto the date when such assets are ready for its intended use. Other
borrowing costs are charged to Profit & Loss Account.
(k) Leases
Assets acquired as leases where a significant portion of the risk and
rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as
operating leases. Lease rentals are charged to the Profit and Loss
Account on accrual basis
(l) Miscellaneous Expenditure - To the extent not written of or
adjusted
Public issue expenses are being amortized in equal installment over a
period of five years.