Mar 31, 2018
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICES
1.1 Statement of compliance
For all periods upto & including the year ended March 2017, the company prepared it financial statements in accordance with accounting standards notified under the section the section 133 of the companies Act 2013 read together with paragraph 7 of the companies ( Accounts ) Rules 2014 ( Indian GAAP). These are the Company''s first IND AS financial statements. The date of transition to IND AS is 1st April, 2016. Refer note 4 for the details of first time adoption exemptions availed by the Company.
2.2 Basis of preparation and measurement
The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for the following-
(i) Certain financial assets and liabilities that is measured at fair value
(ii) Defined benefit plans - planned assets measured at fair value.
Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimate using another valuation technique. The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.
A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant''s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.
2.3 Foreign currency transaction & translation
The functional currency of Akar auto industries Limited is Indian rupee.
On initial recognition, all foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction. As at the reporting date foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on the Balance Sheet date and the exchange gains or losses are recognized in the statement of Profit and Loss.
The company also uses foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge its exposure to movements in foreign currency exchange rate. Exchange difference on such contracts is recognized in statement of profit & loss in reporting period in which exchange rate change. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewal of such forward exchange contract is recognized as income or expense in the period in which same is cancelled or rolled over.
2.4 Property Plant and equipment (PPE)
On adoption of Ind AS, the Company retained the carrying value for all of its property, plant and equipment as recognized in the financial statements as at the date of transition to Ind AS, measured as per the previous GAAP and used that as its deemed cost as permitted by Ind AS 101 ''First -time Adoption of Indian Accounting standards.''
PPE are initially recognized at cost. The initial cost of PPE comprises its purchases price, including non-refundable duties and taxes net of any trade discounts and rebates. The cost of PPE includes interest on borrowings (borrowing cost) directly attributable to acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets subsequent to initial recognition, PPE are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation (other than freehold land, which are stated at cost) and impairment losses, if any.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognized when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.
Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets. However when there is no reasonable certainty that ownership will be obtained by the end of the lease term, assets are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and useful lives.
Depreciation is recognized so as to write off the cost of assets (other than freehold land and capital work in progress) less their residual values over the useful lives, using the straight-line method ("SLM"). Management believes based on a technical evaluation (which is based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support, etc.)
Cost of lease hold assets are amortized over period of their respective lease.
The carrying values of property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The residual values, useful life and depreciation method are reviewed at each financial year-end to ensure that the amount, method and period of depreciation are consistent with previous estimates and the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits embodied in the items of property plant and equipment.
An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on disposal or retirement of an item of property plant and equipment is determined as the difference between sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognized in profit or loss. Fully depreciated assets still in use are retained in financial statements.
2.5 Capital work-in-progress and intangible assets under development
Capital work -in-progress/ intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expensed and attributable borrowing cost. Other expenditure incurred during the construction period which are not related to the construction activity nor are incidental thereto, are charged to statement of profit & loss.
2.6 Cash and cash equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid financial instruments, which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash that are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value and having original maturities or three months or less from the date of purchase, to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.
2.7 Financial instruments
Financial assets and liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial assets and liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value measured on initial recognition of financial asset or financial liability. IND AS 109 requires certain categories of financial assets and liabilities to be measured at amortized cost using effective interest rate method. In accordance with IND AS 109 "effective interest rate" is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments or receipt through the expected life of financial asset or financial liability to the gross carrying amount of financial asset or to amortized cost of financial liability. IND AS 101 requires first time adopter to apply the above requirement retrospectively i.e from date of initial recognition of the financial asset/liability. However a first time adopter may find it impractical to apply the effective interest method in IND AS 109. If this is the case the fair value of financial asset or liability at date of transition to IND AS is new gross carrying amount of that financial asset or new amortized cost of financial liability.
Financial assets at amortized cost
Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
Financial assets are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows that give rise on specified dates to solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding and by selling financial assets.
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
Financial assets are measured at fair value through profit or loss unless it is measured at amortized cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income on initial recognition. The transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are immediately recognized in profit or loss.
Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.
Equity instruments
An equity instrument is a contract that evidences residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments recognized by the Company are measured at the proceeds received net off direct issue cost.
Offsetting of financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in financial statements if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.
2.8 Derivative financial instruments
The Company enters into certain derivative contracts with a intention to hedge assets & liabilities, firm commitment and highly probable transactions. Such contracts are accounted as per the policy stated in foreign currency transaction & translations.
2.9 Impairment
Financial assets (other than at fair value)
The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortized cost and FVTOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.
For trade receivables only, the Company apples the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognized from initial recognition of the receivables.
PPE and intangibles assets
Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets with finite life are evaluated for recoverability whenever there is any indication that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount (i.e. higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the cash generating unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.
If the recoverable amount of an asset (or CGU) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount the carrying amount of the asset (or CGU) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
2.10 Inventories
Inventories are valued at lower of cost (on monthly average basis) and net realizable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including octroi and other levies transit insurance and receiving charges. Work -in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads. Stores & spared are valued at cost after considering cost of obsolescence and estimated useful life. Scrap is valued at net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
2.11 Revenue recognition
Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable taking into account contractually defined terms of payment and excluding taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government. Revenue is reduced for estimated customer returns, rebates and other similar allowances.
2.11.1 Sale of goods
Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized when the goods are delivered and titles have passed, at which time all the following conditions are satisfied:
- The Company has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods;
- The company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold
- The amount of revenue can be measured reliably:
- It is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company; and the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.
2.11.2 Rendering of services
Income recognition for services takes place as and when the services are performed.
2.11.3 Interest Income
Interest income from financial assets is recognized when it is probable that economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliable. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial assets to the t asset''s net carrying amount on initial recognition.
2.11.4 Dividend
Dividend income if any from investments is recognized when the shareholder''s right to receive payment has been established (provided that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably).
2.11.5 Insurance Claims
Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted/ expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.
2.12 Leases
Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. Leases where a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases.
Finance Lease:
Assets held under finance leases are initially recognized as assets of the Company at their fair value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the Balance sheet as a finance lease obligation.
Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets or, where shorter, the term of the relevant lease. Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance expenses are recognized immediately in profit or loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case they are capitalized in accordance with the Company''s general policy on borrowing costs. Contingent rentals are recognized as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.
2.13 Employee benefit expenses
Employee benefits consist of contribution to provident fund, gratuity fund, and compensated absences.
2.13.1 Post-employment benefit plans
Defined Contribution plans
Employee benefit in form of contribution to provident fund managed by government authorities, Employee state Insurance Corporation and labor welfare fund are considered as defined contribution plans and are charge to statement of profit or loss statement for the year in which employee renders the related services.
Defined benefit plans
The Company''s gratuity fund scheme is considered as defined benefit plan. The company''s liability is determined on basis of actuarial valuation using projected unit credit method as at the balance sheet date. The liability or asset recognized in the balance sheet in respect of its defined benefit plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The present value of the said obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows, using market yields of government bonds that have tenure approximating the tenures of the related liability. The interest income / (expense) are calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The net interest income / (expense) on the net defined benefit liability or asset is recognized in the Statement of Profit and loss.
Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognized in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income they are included in retained earnings in the Statement of Changes in Equity and in the Balance Sheet. Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognized immediately in profit or loss as past service cost.
2.13.2 Short term employee benefit
Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried to future periods but are expected to be encashed or availed in twelve months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses during the year in which the employees perform the services that the benefit covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted amount of the benefits after deducting amounts already paid. Where there are restrictions on availment of encashment of such accrued benefit or where the availment of encashment is otherwise not expected to wholly occur in the next twelve months, the liability on account of the benefit is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method.
2.14 Borrowing cost
Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs are interest and ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings. General and specific borrowing costs attributable to acquisition and construction of any qualifying asset (one that takes a substantial period o time to get ready for its designated use or sale) are capitalized until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale, and included as part of the cost of that asset. Investment Income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying asses is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalization. All the other borrowing costs are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss within Finance costs of the period in which they are incurred.
2.15 Income tax
Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxed are recognized in statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.
Current tax
Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act,1961.
Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis
Deferred tax
Deferred income tax is recognized using the Balance sheet approach. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss a the time of the transaction.
Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that either future taxable profits or reversal of deferred tax liabilities will be available, against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.
The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset shall be reviewed at the end of each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilized.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred tax asset is realized or the deferred tax liability is settled.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority.
2.16 Accounting of provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets
Provisions are recognized, when there is a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, where it is probable that there will be outflow of resources to settle the obligation and when a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Where a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows. Where the effect is material the provision is discounted to net present value using an appropriate current market-based pre-tax discount rate and the unwinding of the discount is included in finance costs.
Contingent liabilities are recognized only when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, due to occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events, not wholly within the control of the Company, or where any present obligation cannot be measured in terms of future outflow of resources, or where a reliable estimate of the obligation cannot be made. The company does not recognize a contingent liability but disclose its existence in financial statements.
Contingent assets are not disclosed in the financial statements unless an inflow of economic benefits is highly probable.
2.17 Dividend to equity shareholders
Dividend to equity shareholders is recognized as a liability and deducted from shareholders equity, in the period in which the dividends are approved by the equity shareholders in the general meeting.
2.18 Earnings per share (EPS)
Basic EPS is computed by dividing the profit or loss attributable to the equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of Ordinary shared outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS is computed by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to the ordinary equity shareholders and the weighted average number of ordinary equity shares, for the effects of all dilutive potential Ordinary shares.
2.19 Exceptional Items
Exceptional items are transactions which due to their size or incidence are separately disclosed to enable a full understanding of company financial performance.
2.20 Current and Non Current classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/non-current classification. An asset is treated as current when it is:
- Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle,
- Held primarily for the purpose of trading,
- Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or
- Cash or cash equivalents unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A Liability is current when:
- It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle,
- It is held primarily for the purpose of trading,
- It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or
- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities and advance against current tax are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.
The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.
2.21 Cash flow statement
Cash flow are reported using indirect method, where by profit before tax is adjusted for the effects transaction of non cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipt or payments.
3. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS AND KEY SOURCES OF ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTY
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with the Ind AS requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and disclosures as at date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of the revenues and expenses for the years presented. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimated under different assumptions and conditions.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods
Critical Judgments
In the process of applying the Company''s accounting policies, management has made the following judgments, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements:
Discount rate used to determine the carrying amount of the Company''s defined benefit obligation
In determining the appropriate discount rate for plans operated in India, the management considers the interest rate of government bonds in currencies consistent with the currencies of the post-employment benefit obligation.
Contingences and commitments
In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigations and other claims against the company. Where the potential liabilities have a low probability of crystallizing or are very difficult to quantify reliable, we treat them as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not provided for in the financial statements. Although there can be no assurance regarding the final outcome of the legal proceedings, we do not expect them to have a materially adverse impact on our financial position or profitability.
Key sources of estimation uncertainty
The key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below:
Useful lives of property, plant and equipment
As described in Note 2, the company reviews the estimated useful lives and residual values of property, plant and equipment at the end of each reporting period. During the current financial year, the management determined that there were no changes to the useful lives and residual values of the property, plant and equipment.
Allowances for doubtful debts
The company makes allowances for doubtful debts based on an assessment of the recoverability of trade and other receivables. The identification of doubtful debts requires use of judgment and estimates. Where the expectation is different from the original estimate, such difference will impact the carrying value of the trade and other receivables and doubtful debts expenses in the period in which such estimate has been changed.
Allowances for inventories
Management reviews the inventory age listing on a periodic basis. This review involves comparison of the carrying value of the aged inventory items with the respective net realizable value. The purpose is to ascertain whether an allowance is required to be made in the financial statements for any obsolete and slow- moving items. Management is satisfied that adequate allowance for obsolete and slow-moving inventories has been made in the financial statements.
Liability for sales return
In making judgment for liability for sales return, the management considered the detailed criteria for the recognition of revenue from the sale of goods set out in Ind AS 18 and in particular, whether the company has transferred to the buyer the significant risk and rewards of ownership of the goods. Following the detailed quantification of the Company''s liability towards sales return, the management is satisfied that significant risk and rewards have been transferred and that recognition of the revenue in the current year is appropriate, in conjunction with the recognition of an appropriate liability for sales return. Accruals for estimated product returns, which are based on historical experience of actual sales returns and adjustment on account of current market scenario is considered by Company to be reliable estimate of future sales returns.
4. DISCLOSURE AS REQUIRED BY INDIAN ACCOUNTING STANDARD (IND AS 101 ) FIRST TIME ADOPTION OF INDIAN ACCOUNTING STANDARDS.
These are company''s first financial statements prepared in accordance with Ind AS. The accounting policy set out in note 2 have been applied in preparing the financial statements for year ended 31 March 2018, the comparative information presented in these financial statements for year ended 31 March 2017 and in preparation of an opening Ind AS balance sheet as at 1st April 2016 ( company''s transition date). In preparing its opening Ind As balance sheet the company has adjusted the amount reported previously in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting standards notified under companies (Accounting Standard) Rule 2006 (as amend) and other relevant provision of the Act(Previous GAAP). An explanation of how the transition from Previous GAAP to Ind AS has affected the Company''s financial position, financial performance and cash flow is set out in the following tables.
Mar 31, 2016
1 corporate information
The Company is in the Business of Manufacturing of automotive components such as hand tools and commercial automotive forgings; and leaf springs and is having its manufacturing facilities around Aurangabad, Maharashtra.
2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
2.1 Basis of preparation
The financial statements of the company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP). The Company has prepared these financial statements to comply in all material respects with the accounting principles generally accepted in India, including the Accounting Standards notified under the Companies Act, 2013. The financial statements have been prepared on an accrual basis and under the historical cost convention. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of financial statements are consistent with those of previous year. (See exception Note: 19,21 and 23)
2.2 Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make estimates and assumptions considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognized in the periods in which the results are known/materialize.
2.3 Inventories
a) Raw Material is valued at cost computed on monthly average basis of the last month after providing for cost of obsolescence.
b) Finished goods and Work-in-Process are valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost for this purpose includes Raw Material, Wages, Manufacturing expenses, Production Overheads and Depreciation.
c) Stores and Spares are valued at cost after considering cost of obsolescence and estimated useful life.
d) Scrap is valued at net realizable value.
2.4 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of cash flow statement comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments in fixed deposits with an original maturity of three months or less.
2.5 Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation for the year, has been provided for as per notification of Schedule II to the Companies Act,2013 with effect from 1st April,2014 considering the carrying value of assets, net of residual value for their respective remaining useful life.
2.6 Revenue Recognition Sale of Goods
Sales are recognized, net of return and trade discounts, on transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer which generally coincides with the delivery of goods to customers. Sales exclude excise duty, sales tax and value added tax.
2.7 Other Income
Interest income is accounted on accrual basis. Dividend income is accounted for when the right to receive is established.
2.8 Tangible Fixed Assets
Fixed Assets are stated at cost net of cenvat credit less accumulated depreciation, cost of acquisition is inclusive of freight, duties, levies and all incidental expenditure attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use. Borrowing costs relating to acquisition of fixed assets which takes substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are also included to the extent they relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.
Capital Work In progress
Projects under which assets are not ready for their intended use and other capital work-in progress are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.
2.9 Foreign currency transactions and translations Initial recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.
Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction; and non-monetary items which are carried at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed when the values were determined.
Exchange differences
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on restatement of the Company''s monetary items at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognized as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise.
Accounting of forward contracts
The company also uses foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge its exposure to movements in foreign exchange rates. The premium or discount arising at the inception of such forward exchange contracts is amortized as expense or income over the life of the contract. Exchange differences on such a contract are recognized in the statement of profit and loss in the reporting period in which the exchange rates change. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewal of such a forward exchange contract is recognized as income or as expense in the period in which same is cancelled or rolled over.
2.10 Export benefits/incentives
Revenue in respect of duty draw back and other benefits under various incentive schemes on account of exports are recognized when these benefits are established and accordingly are considered on accrual basis as operating revenue.
2.11 Investments
Investments that are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than one year are classified as current investments; all other investments are classified as long term investments. Long term investments are carried at cost less provision (if any) for decline in value which is other than temporary in nature. Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair market value.
2.12 Employees benefits
The Company''s Contribution to provident fund is considered as defined contribution and is charged as an expense as they fall due based on the amount on contribution required to be made.
Provision for Retirement Benefits- Liabilities in respect of Retirement Benefits to employees are accounted for on actual payment basis.
No provision is being made for Liabilities on actuarial valuation as required by Accounting Standard AS15.
2.13 Borrowing Costs
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying asset are capitalized as part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred. Capitalization of borrowing costs ceases when substantially all the activities necessary to prepare the qualifying assets for its intended use are complete.
2.14 Segment Reporting
The company is engaged in manufacturing of automotive components such as hand tools and commercial automotive forgings; and leaf springs business which, as per Accounting Standard 17 (AS-17) Segment Reporting issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, are considered as the reportable business segments of the company.
2.15 Leases
Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an asset substantially vest with the less or are recognized as operating lease. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a Straight-Line Basis.
2.16 Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit/(loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit /(loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to expense or income relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease the net profit per share from continuing ordinary operations. Potential dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable had the shares are determined independently for each period presented. The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted for share splits/reverse share splits and bonus shares, as appropriate.
2.17 Taxes on Income
Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax laws, which gives future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to future income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax. Accordingly, MAT is recognized as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it is probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company. D e f e r r e d tax is recognized on timing differences, being the differences between the taxable income and the accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantially enacted as at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all timing differences. Deferred tax assets in respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses are recognized only if there is virtual certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income available to realize such assets. Deferred tax assets are recognized for timing differences of other items only to the extent that reasonable certainty exists that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which these can be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if such items relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing tax laws and the Company has a legally enforceable right for such set off. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date for their reliability.
Current and deferred tax relating to items directly recognized in equity are recognized in equity and not in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
2.18 Research and development expenses
Revenue expenditure pertaining to research is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are also charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss unless a product''s technological feasibility has been established, in which case such expenditure is capitalized. The amount capitalized comprises expenditure that can be directly attributed or allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis to creating, producing and making the asset ready for its intended use. Fixed assets utilized for research and development are capitalized and depreciated in accordance with the policies stated for Tangible Fixed Assets and Intangible Assets.
2.19 Impairment of assets
The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance Sheet date are reviewed for impairment. If any indication of impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated and impairment is recognized, if the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication that an impairment loss recognized for an asset in earlier accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of impairment loss is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss, except in case of revalued assets.
2.20 provisions and contingencies
A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (including retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on the actual settlement of the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the Notes.
2.21 Hedge accounting
The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations relating to highly probable forecast transactions. The Company designates such forward contracts in a cash flow hedging relationship by applying the hedge accounting principles set out in "Accounting Standard 30 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement". These forward contracts are stated at fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the fair value of these forward contracts that are designated and effective as hedges of future cash flows are recognized directly in "Hedging reserve account" under Reserves and surplus, net of applicable deferred income taxes and the ineffective portion is recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Amounts accumulated in the "Hedging reserve account" are reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the same periods during which the forecasted transaction affects profit and loss. Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. For forecasted transactions, any cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognized in "Hedging reserve account" is retained until the forecasted transaction occurs. If the forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur, the net cumulative gain or loss recognized in "Hedging reserve account" is immediately transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
2.22 Derivative contracts
The Company enters into derivative contracts in the nature of foreign currency swaps, currency options, forward contracts with an intention to hedge its existing assets and liabilities, firm commitments and highly probable transactions. Derivative contracts which are closely linked to the existing assets and liabilities are accounted as per the policy stated for Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations. Derivative contracts designated as a hedging instrument for highly probable forecast transactions are accounted as per the policy stated for Hedge Accounting. All other derivative contracts are marked-to-market and losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Gains arising on the same are not recognized, until realized, on grounds of prudence.
2.23 Insurance claims
Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted / expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.
Mar 31, 2015
1.1 Basis of preparation
The financial statements of the company have been prepared in
accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Prin- ciples in India
(Indian GAAP). The Company has prepared these financial statements to
comply in all material respects with the accounting principles
generally accepted in India, including the Accounting Standards
notified under the Companies Act, 2013. The financial statements have
been prepared on an accrual basis and under the historical cost
convention. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of
financial statements are consistent with those of previous year.
1.2 Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP
requires the management to make estimates and assumptions considered in
the reported amounts of assets and liabiities (including contingent
liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the year. The
Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the
financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results could
differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual
results and the estimates are recognished in the periods in which the
results are known/materialise.
1.3 Inventories
a) Raw Material is valued at cost computed on monthly average basis of
the last month after providing for cost of obso- escence.
b) Finished goods and Work-in-Process are valued at cost or net
realizable value whichever is lower. Cost for this purpose includes Raw
Material, Wages, Manufacturing expesnes, Production Overheads and
Depreciation
c) Stores and Spares are valued at cost after considering cost of
obsolescence and estimated useful life
d) Scrap is valued at net realizable value.
1.4 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of cash flow statement
comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments in fixed
deposits with an original maturity of three months or less
1.5 Depreciation and amortisation
During the year, pursuant to the notification of Schedule II to the
Companies Act,2013 with effect from 1st April,2014. the company
revised the estimated useful life of some of its assets to align the
useful life with those specified in Schedule II. The details of
previously applied depreciation rates are as follows:-
Pursuant to the transition provisions prescribed in Schedule II to the
Companies Act, 2013, the Company has fully depre- ciated the carrying
value of assets, net of residual value, where the remaining useful life
of the asset was determined to be nil as on 1 April, 2014, and has
adjusted an amount of Rs 180.73 lacs (net of deferred tax of Rs 91.98
lacs &10.79 charged to Profit & Loss Account) the opening surplus
against balance in the Statement of Profit and loss under Reserves and
surplus.
1.6 Revenue Recognition Sale of Goods
Sales are recognised, net of return and trade discounts, on transfer of
significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer which generally
coincides with the delivery of goods to customers. Sales include excise
duty, sales tax and value added tax.
1.7 Other Income
Interest income is accounted on accural basis. Dividend income is
accounted for when the right to receive is established
1.8 Tangible Fixed Assets
Fixed Assets are stated at cost net of cenvat credit less accumulated
depreciation, cost of acquisition is inclusive of freight, duties,
levies and all incidental expenditure attributable to bringing the
asset to its working condition for its intended use. Borrowing costs
relating to acquisition of fixed assets which takes substantial period
of time to get ready for its indended use are also included to the
extent they relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put
to use.
Capital Work In progress
Projects under which assets are not ready for their intended use and
other capital work-in progress are carried at cost, comprising direct
cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.
1.9 Foreign currency transactions and translations Initial recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency,
by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between
the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transaction
Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction, and non-monetary items which are
carried at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a
foreign currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed
when the values were determined
Exchange differences
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on
restatement of the Company's monetary items at rates different from
those at which they were initially recorded during the year, or
reported in previous financial state- ments, are recognized as income
or as expenses in the year in which they arise. As per the amendment of
the Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006-AS 11' relating to The
Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates' exchange dif- ference
arising on conversion of long term foreign currency monetary items is
recorded under the head 'Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation
Difference Account' and is amortized over period not extending beyond,
earlier of March 31, 2020 or maturity date of underlying long term
foreign currency monetary items
Accounting of forward contracts
The company also uses foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge its
exposure to movements in foreign exchange rates. The premium or
discount arising at the inception of such forward exchange contracts is
amortised as expense or income over the life of the contract. Exchange
differences on such a contract are recognised in the statement of
profit and loss in the reporting period in which the exchange rates
change. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewa of such a
forward exchange contract is recognized as income or as expense in the
period in which same is cancelled or rolled over.
1.10 Export benefits/incentives
Revenue in respect of duty entitlement pass book scheme and duty
drawback scheme is recognized when the entitlement to receive the
benefit is established is recorded under operating revenue.
1.11 Investments
Investments that are readily realizable and intended to be held for not
more than one year are classified as current in- vestments; all other
investments are classified as long term investments. Long term
investments are carried at cost less provision (if any) for decline in
value which is other than temporary in nature. Current investments are
carried at lower of cost and fair market value.
1.12 Employees benefits
The Company's Contribution to provident fund is considered as defined
contribution and is charged as an expense as they fall due based on the
amount on contribution required to be made.
Provision for Retirement Benefits - Liabilities in respect of
Retirement Benefits to employees are accounted for on actua payment
basis. No provision is being made for Liabilities on actuarial
valuation as required by Accounting Standard AS15.
1.13 Borrowing Costs
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition,
construction or production of qualifying asset are capital- ized as
part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as
an expense in the period in which they are incurred. Capitalization of
borrowing costs ceases when substantially all the activities necessary
to prepare the qualifying assets for its intended use are complete.
1.14 Segment Reporting
The company is engaged in manufacturing of hand tools and leaf springs
business which,as per Accounting Standard 17 (AS-17) Segment Reporting
issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, are
considered the rportable busi- ness segments of the company.
1.15 Leases
Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership
of an asset substantially vest with the lessor are recognised as
operating leasee.Lease rentals under operating leases are recognised in
the Statement of Profit and Loss on a Straight-Line Basis.
1.16 Earnings per share
Basis earnings per share is computed by dividing the profiV(loss) after
tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) by
the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the
year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the
profit/(loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary
items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to
expense or income relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by
the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving
basic earings per share and the weighted average number of equity
shares which could have been issued on the convesion of all dilutive
potential equity shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be
dilutive onlyif their conversion to equity shares would decrease the
net profit per share from continuing ordinary operations. Potential
dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning
of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The
dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds
receivable had the shares are determind independently for each period
presented. The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity
shares are adjusted for share splits/reverse share splits and bonus
shares, as appropriate.
1.17 Taxes on Income
Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the
year as determined in accordance with the pro- visions of the Income
Tax Act, 1961. Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the
tax laws, which gives future economic benefits in the form of
adjustment to future income tax liability, is considered as an asset if
there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income
tax. Accordingly, MAT is recognised as an asset in the Balance Sheet
when it is probable that future economic benefit associated with it
will flow to the Company. Deferred tax is recognised on timing
differences, being the differences between the taxable income and the
accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of
reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax is measured
using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantially enacted
as at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are rec- ognised for
all timing differences. Deferred tax assets in respect of unabsorbed
depreciation and carry forward of losses are recognised only if there
is virtual certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable
income available to realise such assets. Deferred tax assets are
recognised for timing differences of other items only to the extent
that reasonable certainty exists that sufficient future taxable income
will be available against which these can be realised. Deferred tax
assets and 'labilities are offset if such items relate to taxes on
income levied by the same governing tax laws and the Company has a
legally enforceable right for such set off. Deferred tax assets are
reviewed at each Balance Sheet date for their readability. Current and
deferred tax relating to items directly recognised in equity are
recognised in equity and not in the Statement of Profit and Loss
1.18 Research and development expenses
Revenue expenditure pertaining to research is charged to the Statement
of Profit and Loss. Development costs of prod- ucts are also charged to
the Statement of Profit and Loss unless a product's technological
feasibility has been established, in which case such expenditure is
capitalised. The amount capitalised comprises expenditure that can be
directly attrib- uted or allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis
to creating, producing and making the asset ready for its intended use.
Fixed assets utilised for research and development are capitalised and
depreciated in accordance with the policies stated for Tangible Fixed
Assets and Intangible Assets
1.19 Impairment of assets
The carrying values of assets/ cash generating units at each Balance
Sheet date are reviewed for impairment. If any indi- cation of
impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated
and impairment is recognised, if the car- rying amount of these assets
exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater
of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is
arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value
based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication that
an impairment loss recognised for an asset in earlier ac- counting
periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of
impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss,
except in case of revalued assets
1.20 Provisions and contingencies
A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as
a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provi- sions (including retirement
benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined
based on the actua settlement of the obligation at the Balance Sheet
date. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the Notes
1.21 Hedge accounting
The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts to hedge its risks
associated with foreign currency fluctuations relating to highly
probable forecast transactions. The Company designates such forward
contracts in a cash flow hedging relationship by applying the hedge
accounting principles set out in "Accounting Standard 30 Financial
Instruments: Rec- ognition and Measurement". These forward contracts
are stated at fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the fair
value of these forward contracts that are designated and effective as
hedges of future cash flows are recognised directly in "Hedging reserve
account" under Reserves and surplus, net of applicable deferred income
taxes and the ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the
Statement of Profit and Loss. Amounts accumulated in the "Hedging
reserve account" are reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss
in the same periods during which the forecasted transaction affects
profit and loss. Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging
instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no longer
qualifies for hedge accounting. For forecasted transactions, any
cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in
"Hedging reserve account" is retained until the forecasted transaction
occurs. If the forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur,
the net cumulative gain or loss recognised in "Hedging reserve account"
is immediately transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss
1.22 Derivative contracts
The Company enters into derivative contracts in the nature of foreign
currency swaps, currency options, forward con- tracts with an intention
to hedge its existing assets and liabilities, firm commitments and
highly probable transactions Derivative contracts which are closely
linked to the existing assets and liabilities are accounted as per the
policy stated for Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations.
Derivative contracts designated as a hedging instrument for highly
probable forecast transactions are accounted as per the policy stated
for Hedge Accounting. All other derivative contracts are
marked-to-market and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit
and Loss. Gains arising on the same are not recognised, until realised,
on grounds of prudence.
1.23 Insurance claims
Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted /
expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty
in receiving the claims
Mar 31, 2014
1.1 Basis of accounting and preparation of financial statements
The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in
accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India
(Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards notified under
the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and the
relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial
statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical
cost convention. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of
the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the
previous year.
2.2 Use of estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian
GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions
considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including
contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the
year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of
the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results
could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the
actual results and the estimates are recognised in the periods in which
the results are known / materialise.
2.3 Inventories
a) Raw material is valued at cost computed on monthly average basis of
the last month after providing for cost of obsolescence.
b) Finished Goods and Work-in-Process are valued at cost or net
realizable value whichever is lower. Cost for this purpose includes Raw
material, Wages, Manufacturing Expenses, Production Overheads and
Depreciation.
c) Stores and Spares are valued at cost after considering cost of
obsolescence and estimated useful life.
d) Scrap is valued at net realizable value.
2.4 Cash and cash equivalents (for purposes of Cash Flow Statement)
Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks.
2.5 Cash flow statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit /
(loss) before extraordinary items and tax is adjusted for the effects
of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of
past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from
operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are
segregated based on the available information.
2.6 Depreciation and amortisation
Depreciation on Hand Tool Division have been provided on the
straight-line method as per the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV to the
Companies Act, 1956.
Depreciation on Parabolic Leaf Division has been provided on the
straight-line method as per the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV to the
Companies Act, 1956.
Depreciation on Conventional Leaf Spring Division has been provided on
the Written down Value method as per the rates prescribed in Schedule
XIV to the Companies Act, 1956.
2.7 Revenue recognition Sale of goods
Sales are recognised, net of returns and trade discounts, on transfer
of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer, which
generally coincides with the delivery of goods to customers. Sales
include excise duty, sales tax and value added tax.
2.8 Other income
Interest income is accounted on accrual basis. Dividend income is
accounted for when the right to receive it is established.
2.9 Tangible fixed assets
Fixed assets are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and
impairment losses, if any. The cost of fixed assets includes interest
on borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying fixed assets up
to the date the asset is ready for its intended use and other
incidental expenses incurred up to that date. Exchange differences
arising on restatement / settlement of long-term foreign currency
borrowings relating to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets are
adjusted to the cost of the respective assets and depreciated over the
remaining useful life of such assets. Machinery spares which can be
used only in connection with an item of fixed asset and whose use is
expected to be irregular are capitalised and depreciated over the
useful life of the principal item of the relevant assets. Subsequent
expenditure relating to fixed assets is capitalised only if such
expenditure results in an increase in the future benefits from such
asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.Fixed
assets acquired and put to use for project purpose are capitalised and
depreciation thereon is included in the project cost till commissioning
of the project.
Fixed assets acquired in full or part exchange for another asset are
recorded at the fair market value or the net book value of the asset
given up, adjusted for any balancing cash consideration. Fair market
value is determined either for the assets acquired or asset given up,
whichever is more clearly evident. Fixed assets acquired in exchange
for securities of the Company are recorded at the fair market value of
the assets or the fair market value of the securities issued, whichever
is more clearly evident.
Capital work-in-progress:
Projects under which assets are not ready for their intended use and
other capital work-in-progress are carried at cost, comprising direct
cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.
2.10 Intangible assets
Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and
impairment losses, if any. The cost of an intangible asset comprises
its purchase price, including any import duties and other taxes (other
than those subsequently recoverable from the taxing authorities), and
any directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its
intended use and net of any trade discounts and rebates. Subsequent
expenditure on an intangible asset after its purchase / completion is
recognised as an expense when incurred unless it is probable that such
expenditure will enable the asset to generate future economic benefits
in excess of its originally assessed standards of performance and such
expenditure can be measured and attributed to the asset reliably, in
which case such expenditure is added to the cost of the asset.
2.11 Foreign currency transactions and translations Initial recognition
Transactions in foreign currencies entered into by the Company and its
integral foreign operations are accounted at the exchange rates
prevailing on the date of the transaction or at rates that closely
approximate the rate at the date of the transaction.
Measurement of foreign currency monetary items at the Balance Sheet
date Foreign currency monetary items (other than derivative contracts)
of the Company and its net investment in non-integral foreign
operations outstanding at the Balance Sheet date are restated at the
year-end rates. In the case of integral operations, assets and
liabilities (other than non-monetary items), are translated at the
exchange rate prevailing on the Balance Sheet date. Non-monetary items
are carried at historical cost. Revenue and expenses are translated at
the average exchange rates prevailing during the year. Exchange
differences arising out of these translations are charged to the
Statement of Profit and Loss.
Treatment of exchange differences
Exchange differences arising on settlement / restatement of short-term
foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities of the Company and its
integral foreign operations are recognised as income or expense in the
Statement of Profit and Loss. The exchange differences on restatement
/ settlement of loans to non-integral foreign operations that are
considered as net investment in such operations are accumulated in a
"Foreign currency translation reserve" until disposal / recovery of the
net investment.The exchange differences arising on restatement /
settlement of long-term foreign currency monetary items are capitalised
as part of the depreciable fixed assets to which the monetary item
relates and depreciated over the remaining useful life of such assets
or amortised on settlement / over the maturity period of such items if
such items do not relate to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets.
The unamortised balance is carried in the Balance Sheet as "Foreign
currency monetary item translation difference account" net of the tax
effect thereon.
Accounting of forward contracts
Premium / discount on forward exchange contracts, which are not
intended for trading or speculation purposes, are amortised over the
period of the contracts if such contracts relate to monetary items as
at the Balance Sheet date.
2.12 Government grants, subsidies and export incentives
Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable
assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to
them and the grants / subsidy will be received. Government grants whose
primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or
otherwise acquire capital assets are presented by deducting them from
the carrying value of the assets. The grant is recognised as income
over the life of a depreciable asset by way of a reduced depreciation
charge.
Export benefits are accounted for in the year of exports based on
eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.
Government grants in the nature of promoters'' contribution like
investment subsidy, where no repayment is ordinarily expected in
respect thereof, are treated as capital reserve. Government grants in
the form of non-monetary assets, given at a concessional rate, are
recorded on the basis of their acquisition cost. In case the
non-monetary asset is given free of cost, the grant is recorded at a
nominal value.Other government grants and subsidies are recognised as
income over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for
which they are intended to compensate, on a systematic basis.
2.13 Investments
Long-term investments (excluding investment in properties), are carried
individually at cost less provision for diminution, other than
temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are
carried individually, at the lower of cost and fair value. Cost of
investments include acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and
duties. Investment properties are carried individually at cost less
accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any. Investment properties
are capitalised and depreciated (where applicable) in accordance with
the policy stated for Tangible Fixed Assets. Impairment of investment
property is determined in accordance with the policy stated for
Impairment of Assets.
2.14 Employee benefits
The Company''s Contribution to provident fund is considered as defined
contribution and is charged as an en expense as they fall due based on
the amount on contribution required to be made.
Provision for Retirement Benefits: - Liabilities in respect of
Retirement Benefits to employees are accounted for on actual payment
basis. No provision is being made for Liabilities on actuarial
valuation as required by Accounting Standard AS15.
2.15 Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs include interest, amortisation of ancillary costs
incurred and exchange differences arising from foreign currency
borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the
interest cost. Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the
extent not directly related to the acquisition of qualifying assets are
charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the tenure of the
loan. Borrowing costs, allocated to and utilised for qualifying assets,
pertaining to the period from commencement of activities relating to
construction / development of the qualifying asset upto the date of
capitalisation of such asset is added to the cost of the assets.
Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the
Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active
development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted.
2.16 Segment reporting
The company is engaged in manufacturing of hand tools and leaf springs
business which, as per Accounting Standard 17 (AS-17) Segment Reporting
issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, are
considered the reportable business segment of the company.
2.17 Leases
Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership
of an asset substantially vest with the lessor are recognised as
operating leases. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognised
in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis.
2.18 Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss)
after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if
any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during
the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit
/ (loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary
items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to
expense or income relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by
the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving
basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of equity
shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive
potential equity shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be
dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease the
net profit per share from continuing ordinary operations. Potential
dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning
of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The
dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds
receivable had the shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e.
average market value of the outstanding shares). Dilutive potential
equity shares are determined independently for each period presented.
The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are
adjusted for share splits / reverse share splits and bonus shares, as
appropriate.
2.19 Taxes on income
Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the
year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax
Act, 1961. Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax
laws, which gives future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to
future income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is
convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax.
Accordingly, MAT is recognised as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it
is probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow
to the Company. Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences, being
the differences between the taxable income and the accounting income
that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more
subsequent periods. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and
the tax laws enacted or substantially enacted as at the reporting date.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all timing differences.
Deferred tax assets in respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry
forward of losses are recognised only if there is virtual certainty
that there will be sufficient future taxable income available to
realise such assets. Deferred tax assets are recognised for timing
differences of other items only to the extent that reasonable certainty
exists that sufficient future taxable income will be available against
which these can be realised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
offset if such items relate to taxes on income levied by the same
governing tax laws and the Company has a legally enforceable right for
such set off. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet
date for their realisability.
Current and deferred tax relating to items directly recognised in
equity are recognised in equity and not in the Statement of Profit and
Loss.
2.20 Research and development expenses
Revenue expenditure pertaining to research is charged to the Statement
of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are also charged to
the Statement of Profit and Loss unless a product''s technological
feasibility has been established, in which case such expenditure is
capitalised. The amount capitalised comprises expenditure that can be
directly attributed or allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis
to creating, producing and making the asset ready for its intended use.
Fixed assets utilised for research and development are capitalised and
depreciated in accordance with the policies stated for Tangible Fixed
Assets and Intangible Assets.
2.21 Joint venture operations
The accounts of the Company reflect its share of the Assets,
Liabilities, Income and Expenditure of the Joint Venture Operations
which are accounted on the basis of the audited accounts of the Joint
Ventures on line-by-line basis with similar items in the Company''s
accounts to the extent of the participating interest of the Company as
per the Joint Venture Agreements.
2.22 Impairment of assets
The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance
Sheet date are reviewed for impairment. If any indication of impairment
exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated and
impairment is recognised, if the carrying amount of these assets
exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater
of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is
arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value
based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication that
an impairment loss recognised for an asset in earlier accounting
periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of
impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss,
except in case of revalued assets.
2.23 Provisions and contingencies
A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as
a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (including retirement
benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined
based on the actual settlement of the obligation at the Balance Sheet
date. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the Notes.
2.24 Hedge accounting
The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts to hedge its risks
associated with foreign currency fluctuations relating to highly
probable forecast transactions. The Company designates such forward
contracts in a cash flow hedging relationship by applying the hedge
accounting principles set out in "Accounting Standard 30 Financial
Instruments: Recognition and Measurement". These forward contracts are
stated at fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the fair value
of these forward contracts that are designated and effective as hedges
of future cash flows are recognised directly in "Hedging reserve
account" under Reserves and surplus, net of applicable deferred income
taxes and the ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the
Statement of Profit and Loss. Amounts accumulated in the "Hedging
reserve account" are reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss
in the same periods during which the forecasted transaction affects
profit and loss. Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging
instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no longer
qualifies for hedge accounting. For forecasted transactions, any
cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in
"Hedging reserve account" is retained until the forecasted transaction
occurs. If the forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur,
the net cumulative gain or loss recognised in "Hedging reserve account"
is immediately transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
2.25 Derivative contracts
The Company enters into derivative contracts in the nature of foreign
currency swaps, currency options, forward contracts with an intention
to hedge its existing assets and liabilities, firm commitments and
highly probable transactions. Derivative contracts which are closely
linked to the existing assets and liabilities are accounted as per the
policy stated for Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations.
Derivative contracts designated as a hedging instrument for highly
probable forecast transactions are accounted as per the policy stated
for Hedge Accounting. All other derivative contracts are
marked-to-market and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit
and Loss. Gains arising on the same are not recognised, until realised,
on grounds of prudence.
2.26 Share issues expenses
Share issue expenses and redemption premium are adjusted against the
Securities Premium Account as permissible under Section 78(2) of the
Companies Act, 1956, to the extent balance is available for utilisation
in the Securities Premium Account. The balance of share issue expenses
is carried as an asset and is amortised over a period of 5 years from
the date of the issue of shares.
2.27 Insurance claims
Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted /
expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty
in receiving the claims.
2.28 Service tax input credit
Service tax input credit is accounted for in the books in the period in
which the underlying service received is accounted and when there is no
uncertainty in availing / utilising the credits.
Mar 31, 2013
1.1 Basis of accounting and preparation of financial statements
The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in
accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India
(Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards notified under
the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and the
relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial
statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical
cost convention. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of
the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the
previous year.
1.2 Use of estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian
GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions
considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including
contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the
year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of
the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results
could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the
actual results and the estimates are recognised in the periods in which
the results are known / materialise.
1.3 Inventories
a) Raw material is valued at cost computed on monthly average basis of
the last month after providing for cost of obsolescence.
b) Finished Goods and Work-in-Process are valued at cost or net
realizable value whichever is lower. Cost for this purpose includes Raw
material, Wages, Manufacturing Expenses, Production Overheads and
Depreciation.
c) Stores and Spares are valued at cost after considering cost of
obsolescence and estimated useful life.
d) Scrap is valued at net realizable value.
1.4 Cash and cash equivalents (for purposes of Cash Flow Statement)
Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks.
1.5 Cash flow statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit /
(loss) before extraordinary items and tax is adjusted for the effects
of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of
past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from
operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are
segregated based on the available information.
1.6 Depreciation and amortisation
Depreciation on Hand Tool Division have been provided on the
straight-line method as per the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV to the
Companies Act, 1956.
Depreciation on Parabolic Leaf Division has been provided on the
straight-line method as per the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV to the
Companies Act, 1956.
Depreciation on Conventional Leaf Spring Division has been provided on
the Written down Value method as per the rates prescribed in Schedule
XIV to the Companies Act, 1956.
1.7 Revenue recognition Sale of goods
Sales are recognised, net of returns and trade discounts, on transfer
of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer, which
generally coincides with the delivery of goods to customers. Sales
include excise duty, sales tax and value added tax.
1.8 Other income
Interest income is accounted on accrual basis. Dividend income is
accounted for when the right to receive it is established.
1.9 Tangible fixed assets
Fixed assets are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and
impairment losses, if any. The cost of fixed assets includes interest
on borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying fixed assets up
to the date the asset is ready for its intended use and other
incidental expenses incurred up to that date. Exchange differences
arising on restatement / settlement of long-term foreign currency
borrowings relating to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets are
adjusted to the cost of the respective assets and depreciated over the
remaining useful life of such assets. Machinery spares which can be
used only in connection with a item of fixed asset and whose use is
expected to be irregular are capitalised and depreciated over the
useful life of the principal item of the relevant assets. Subsequent
expenditure relating to fixed assets is capitalised only if such
expenditure results in an increase in the future benefits from such
asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance. Fixed
assets acquired and put to use for project purpose are capitalised and
depreciation thereon is included in the project cost till commissioning
of the project.
Fixed assets acquired in full or part exchange for another asset are
recorded at the fair market value or the net book value of the asset
given up, adjusted for any balancing cash consideration. Fair market
value is determined either for the assets acquired or asset given up,
whichever is more clearly evident. Fixed assets acquired in exchange
for securities of the Company are recorded at the fair market value of
the assets or the fair market value of the securities issued, whichever
is more clearly evident.
Capital work-in-progress:
Projects under which assets are not ready for their intended use and
other capital work-in-progress are carried at cost, comprising direct
cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.
1.10 Intangible assets
Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and
impairment losses if any. The cost of an intangible asset comprises its
purchase price, including any import duties and other taxes (other than
those subsequently recoverable from the taxing authorities), and any
directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its
intended use and net of any trade discounts and rebates. Subsequent
expenditure on an intangible asset after its purchase / completion is
recognised as an expense when incurred unless it is probable that such
expenditure will enable the asset to generate future economic benefits
in excess of its originally assessed standards of performance and such
expenditure can be measured and attributed to the asset reliably, in
which case such expenditure is added to the cost of the asset.
1.11 Foreign currency transactions and translations Initial recognition
Transactions in foreign currencies entered into by the Company and its
integral foreign operations are accounted at the exchange rates
prevailing on the date of the transaction or at rates that closely
approximate the rate at the date of the transaction.
Measurement of foreign currency monetary items at the Balance Sheet
date
Foreign currency monetary items (other than derivative contracts) of
the Company and its net investment in non-integral foreign operations
outstanding at the Balance Sheet date are restated at the year-end
rates.In the case of integral operations, assets and liabilities (other
than non-monetary items), are translated at the exchange rate
prevailing on the Balance Sheet date. Non-monetary items are carried at
historical cost. Revenue and expenses are translated at the average
exchange rates prevailing during the year. Exchange differences arising
out of these translations are charged to the Statement of Profit and
Loss.
Treatment of exchange differences
Exchange differences arising on settlement / restatement of short-term
foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities of the Company and its
integral foreign operations are recognised as income or expense in the
Statement of Profit and Loss. The exchange differences on restatement
/ settlement of loans to non-integral foreign operations that are
considered as net investment in such operations are accumulated in a
"Foreign currency translation reserve" until disposal / recovery of the
net investment.The exchange differences arising on restatement /
settlement of long-term foreign currency monetary items are capitalised
as part of the depreciable fixed assets to which the monetary item
relates and depreciated over the remaining useful life of such assets
or amortised on settlement / over the maturity period of such items if
such items do not relate to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets.
The unamortised balance is carried in the Balance Sheet as "Foreign
currency monetary item translation difference account" net of the tax
effect thereon.
Accounting of forward contracts
Premium / discount on forward exchange contracts, which are not
intended for trading or speculation purposes, are amortised over the
period of the contracts if such contracts relate to monetary items as
at the Balance Sheet date.
1.12 Government grants, subsidies and export incentives
Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable
assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to
them and the grants / subsidy will be received. Government grants whose
primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or
otherwise acquire capital assets are presented by deducting them from
the carrying value of the assets. The grant is recognised as income
over the life of a depreciable asset by way of a reduced depreciation
charge.
Export benefits are accounted for in the year of exports based on
eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.
Government grants in the nature of promoters'' contribution like
investment subsidy, where no repayment is ordinarily expected in
respect thereof, are treated as capital reserve. Government grants in
the form of non-monetary assets, given at a concessional rate, are
recorded on the basis of their acquisition cost. In case the
non-monetary asset is given free of cost, the grant is recorded at a
nominal value.Other government grants and subsidies are recognised as
income over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for
which they are intended to compensate, on a systematic basis.
1.13 Investments
Long-term investments (excluding investment in properties), are carried
individually at cost less provision for diminution, other than
temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are
carried individually, at the lower of cost and fair value. Cost of
investments include acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and
duties. Investment properties are carried individually at cost less
accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any. Investment properties
are capitalised and depreciated (where applicable) in accordance with
the policy stated for Tangible Fixed Assets. Impairment of investment
property is determined in accordance with the policy stated for
Impairment of Assets.
1.14 Employee benefits
The Company''s Contribution to provident fund is considered as defined
contribution and is charged as an en expense as they fall due based on
the amount on contribution required to be made.
Provision for Retirement Benefits: - Liabilities in respect of
Retirement Benefits to employees are accounted for on actual payment
basis. No provision is being made for Liabilities on actuarial
valuation as required by Accounting Standard AS15.
1.15 Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs include interest, amortisation of ancillary costs
incurred and exchange differences arising from foreign currency
borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the
interest cost. Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the
extent not directly related to the acquisition of qualifying assets are
charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the tenure of the
loan. Borrowing costs, allocated to and utilised for qualifying assets,
pertaining to the period from commencement of activities relating to
construction / development of the qualifying asset upto the date of
capitalisation of such asset is added to the cost of the assets.
Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the
Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active
development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted.
1.16 Segment reporting
The company is engaged in manufacturing of hand tools and leaf springs
business which, as per Accounting Standard 17 (AS-17) Segment Reporting
issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, are
considered the reportable business segment of the company.
1.17 Leases
Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership
of an asset substantially vest with the lessor are recognised as
operating leases. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognised
in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis.
1.18 Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss)
after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if
any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during
the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit
/ (loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary
items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to
expense or income relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by
the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving
basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of equity
shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive
potential equity shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be
dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease the
net profit per share from continuing ordinary operations. Potential
dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning
of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The
dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds
receivable had the shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e.
average market value of the outstanding shares). Dilutive potential
equity shares are determined independently for each period presented.
The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are
adjusted for share splits / reverse share splits and bonus shares, as
appropriate.
1.19 Taxes on income
Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the
year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax
Act, 1961.Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax
laws, which gives future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to
future income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is
convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax.
Accordingly, MAT is recognised as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it
is probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow
to the Company.Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences, being
the differences between the taxable income and the accounting income
that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more
subsequent periods. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and
the tax laws enacted or substantially enacted as at the reporting date.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all timing differences.
Deferred tax assets in respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry
forward of losses are recognised only if there is virtual certainty
that there will be sufficient future taxable income available to
realise such assets. Deferred tax assets are recognised for timing
differences of other items only to the extent that reasonable certainty
exists that sufficient future taxable income will be available against
which these can be realised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
offset if such items relate to taxes on income levied by the same
governing tax laws and the Company has a legally enforceable right for
such set off. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet
date for their realisability.
Current and deferred tax relating to items directly recognised in
equity are recognised in equity and not in the Statement of Profit and
Loss.
1.20 Research and development expenses
Revenue expenditure pertaining to research is charged to the Statement
of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are also charged to
the Statement of Profit and Loss unless a product''s technological
feasibility has been established, in which case such expenditure is
capitalised. The amount capitalised comprises expenditure that can be
directly attributed or allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis
to creating, producing and making the asset ready for its intended use.
Fixed assets utilised for research and development are capitalised and
depreciated in accordance with the policies stated for Tangible Fixed
Assets and Intangible Assets.
1.21 Joint venture operations
The accounts of the Company reflect its share of the Assets,
Liabilities, Income and Expenditure of the Joint Venture Operations
which are accounted on the basis of the audited accounts of the Joint
Ventures on line-by-line basis with similar items in the Company''s
accounts to the extent of the participating interest of the Company as
per the Joint Venture Agreements.
1.22 Impairment of assets
The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance
Sheet date are reviewed for impairment. If any indication of impairment
exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated and
impairment is recognised, if the carrying amount of these assets
exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater
of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is
arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value
based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication that
an impairment loss recognised for an asset in earlier accounting
periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of
impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss,
except in case of revalued assets.
1.23 Provisions and contingencies
A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as
a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (including retirement
benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined
based on the actual settlement of the obligation at the Balance Sheet
date. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the Notes.
1.24 Hedge accounting
The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts to hedge its risks
associated with foreign currency fluctuations relating to highly
probable forecast transactions. The Company designates such forward
contracts in a cash flow hedging relationship by applying the hedge
accounting principles set out in "Accounting Standard 30 Financial
Instruments: Recognition and Measurement". These forward contracts are
stated at fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the fair value
of these forward contracts that are designated and effective as hedges
of future cash flows are recognised directly in "Hedging reserve
account" under Reserves and surplus, net of applicable deferred income
taxes and the ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the
Statement of Profit and Loss. Amounts accumulated in the "Hedging
reserve account" are reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss
in the same periods during which the forecasted transaction affects
profit and loss. Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging
instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no longer
qualifies for hedge accounting. For forecasted transactions, any
cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in
"Hedging reserve account" is retained until the forecasted transaction
occurs. If the forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur,
the net cumulative gain or loss recognised in "Hedging reserve account"
is immediately transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
1.25 Derivative contracts
The Company enters into derivative contracts in the nature of foreign
currency swaps, currency options, forward contracts with an intention
to hedge its existing assets and liabilities, firm commitments and
highly probable transactions. Derivative contracts which are closely
linked to the existing assets and liabilities are accounted as per the
policy stated for Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations.
Derivative contracts designated as a hedging instrument for highly
probable forecast transactions are accounted as per the policy stated
for Hedge Accounting. All other derivative contracts are
marked-to-market and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit
and Loss. Gains arising on the same are not recognised, until realised,
on grounds of prudence.
1.26 Share issues expenses
Share issue expenses and redemption premium are adjusted against the
Securities Premium Account as permissible under Section 78(2) of the
Companies Act, 1956, to the extent balance is available for utilisation
in the Securities Premium Account. The balance of share issue expenses
is carried as an asset and is amortised over a period of 5 years from
the date of the issue of shares.
1.27 Insurance claims
Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted /
expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty
in receiving the claims.
1.28 Service tax input credit
Service tax input credit is accounted for in the books in the period in
which the underlying service received is accounted and when there is no
uncertainty in availing / utilising the credits.
Contingent Liabilities not provided for: -
(a)Guarantees issued by Banks on behalf of the Company and outstanding
as at 31/03/2013 is of Rs.104.94 Lacs (Previous Year 106.19 Lacs).
(b)Liabilities not acknowledge as debt and outstanding as at 31/03/2013
are for Income Tax Rs. 69.87 lacs (Previous year Rs. 37.58 Lacs) and
for Sales Tax Rs.19.64 Lacs ( Previous year 19.64 Lacs)
(c) Foreign Bills and Inland Bills discounted and outstanding as at
31/03/2013 is Rs. nil (Previous Year Rs.nil).
In the opinion of the Board of Directors the Current Assets, Loans and
Advances are approximately of the value stated, if realized in the
ordinary course of business.
Confirmation from certain parties for amount due to them/amount due to
the company as per accounts of the company are not yet received,
necessary adjustments, if any, will be made when accounts are
reconciled and settled.
Mar 31, 2012
1.1 Basis of accounting and preparation of financial statements
The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in
accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India
(Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards notified under
the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and the
relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial
statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical
cost convention. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of
the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the
previous year.
1.2 Use of estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian
GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions
considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including
contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the
year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of
the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results
could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the
actual results and the estimates are recognised in the periods in which
the results are known / materialise.
1.3 Inventories
a) Raw material is valued at cost computed on monthly average basis of
the last month after providing for cost of obsolescence.
b) Finished Goods and Work-in-Process are valued at cost or net
realizable value whichever is lower. Cost for this purpose includes Raw
material, Wages, Manufacturing Expenses, Production Overheads and
Depreciation.
c) Stores and Spares are valued at cost after considering cost of
obsolescence and estimated useful life.
d) Scrap is valued at net realizable value.
1.4 Cash and cash equivalents (for purposes of Cash Flow Statement)
Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks.
1.5 Cash flow statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit /
(loss) before extraordinary items and tax is adjusted for the effects
of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of
past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from
operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are
segregated based on the available information.
1.6 Depreciation and amortisation
Depreciation on Hand Tool Division has been provided on the
straight-line method as per the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV to the
Companies Act, 1956.
Depreciation on Parabolic Leaf Division has been provided on the
straight-line method as per the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV to the
Companies Act, 1956.
Depreciation on Conventional Leaf Spring Division has been provided on
the Written down Value method as per the rates prescribed in Schedule
XIV to the Companies Act, 1956.
1.7 Revenue recognition Sale of goods
Sales are recognised, net of returns and trade discounts, on transfer
of significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer, which
generally coincides with the delivery of goods to customers. Sales
include excise duty, sales tax and value added tax.
1.8 Other income
Interest income is accounted on accrual basis. Dividend income is
accounted for when the right to receive it is established.
1.9 Tangible fixed assets
Fixed assets are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and
impairment losses, if any. The cost of fixed assets includes interest
on borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying fixed assets up
to the date the asset is ready for its intended use and other
incidental expenses incurred up to that date. Exchange differences
arising on restatement / settlement of long- term foreign currency
borrowings relating to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets are
adjusted to the cost of the respective assets and depreciated over the
remaining useful life of such assets. Machinery spares which can be
used only in connection with an item of fixed asset and whose use is
expected to be irregular are capitalised and depreciated over the
useful life of the principal item of the relevant assets. Subsequent
expenditure relating to fixed assets is capitalised only if such
expenditure results in an increase in the future benefits from such
asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.
Fixed assets acquired and put to use for project purpose are
capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in the project cost
till commissioning of the project.
Fixed assets acquired in full or part exchange for another asset are
recorded at the fair market value or the net book value of the asset
given up, adjusted for any balancing cash consideration. Fair market
value is determined either for the assets acquired or asset given up,
whichever is more clearly evident. Fixed assets acquired in exchange
for securities of the Company are recorded at the fair market value of
the assets or the fair market value of the securities issued, whichever
is more clearly evident. Capital work-in-progress:
Projects under which assets are not ready for their intended use and
other capital work-in-progress are carried at cost, comprising direct
cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.
1.10 Intangible assets
Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and
impairment losses, if any. The cost of an intangible asset comprises
its purchase price, including any import duties and other taxes (other
than those subsequently recoverable from the taxing authorities), and
any directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its
intended use and net of any trade discounts and rebates. Subsequent
expenditure on an intangible asset after its purchase / completion is
recognised as an expense when incurred unless it is probable that such
expenditure will enable the asset to generate future economic benefits
in excess of its originally assessed standards of performance and such
expenditure can be measured and attributed to the asset reliably, in
which case such expenditure is added to the cost of the asset.
1.11 Foreign currency transactions and translations Initial recognition
Transactions in foreign currencies entered into by the Company and its
integral foreign operations are accounted at the exchange rates
prevailing on the date of the transaction or at rates that closely
approximate the rate at the date of the transaction.
Measurement of foreign currency monetary items at the Balance Sheet
date
Foreign currency monetary items (other than derivative contracts) of
the Company and its net investment in non-integral foreign operations
outstanding at the Balance Sheet date are restated at the year-end
rates.
In the case of integral operations, assets and liabilities (other than
non-monetary items), are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on
the Balance Sheet date. Non-monetary items are carried at historical
cost. Revenue and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates
prevailing during the year. Exchange differences arising out of these
translations are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Treatment of exchange differences
Exchange differences arising on settlement / restatement of short-term
foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities of the Company and its
integral foreign operations are recognised as income or expense in the
Statement of Profit and Loss. The exchange differences on restatement /
settlement of loans to non-integral foreign operations that are
considered as net investment in such operations are accumulated in a
"Foreign currency translation reserve" until disposal / recovery of the
net investment.
The exchange differences arising on restatement / settlement of
long-term foreign currency monetary items are capitalised as part of
the depreciable fixed assets to which the monetary item relates and
depreciated over the remaining useful life of such assets or amortised
on settlement / over the maturity period of such items if such items do
not relate to acquisition of depreciable fixed assets. The unamortised
balance is carried in the Balance Sheet as "Foreign currency monetary
item translation difference account" net of the tax effect thereon.
Accounting of forward contracts
Premium / discount on forward exchange contracts, which are not
intended for trading or speculation purposes, are amortised over the
period of the contracts if such contracts relate to monetary items as
at the Balance Sheet date.
1.12 Government grants, subsidies and export incentives
Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable
assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to
them and the grants / subsidy will be received. Government grants whose
primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or
otherwise acquire capital assets are presented by deducting them from
the carrying value of the assets. The grant is recognised as income
over the life of a depreciable asset by way of a reduced depreciation
charge.
Export benefits are accounted for in the year of exports based on
eligibility and when there is no uncertainty in receiving the same.
Government grants in the nature of promoters' contribution like
investment subsidy, where no repayment is ordinarily expected in
respect thereof, are treated as capital reserve. Government grants in
the form of non-monetary assets, given at a concessional rate, are
recorded on the basis of their acquisition cost. In case the
non-monetary asset is given free of cost, the grant is recorded at a
nominal value.
Other government grants and subsidies are recognised as income over the
periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are
intended to compensate, on a systematic basis.
1.13 Investments
Long-term investments (excluding investment properties), are carried
individually at cost less provision for diminution, other than
temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are
carried individually, at the lower of cost and fair value. Cost of
investments include acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and
duties.
Investment properties are carried individually at cost less accumulated
depreciation and impairment, if any. Investment properties are
capitalised and depreciated (where applicable) in accordance with the
policy stated for Tangible Fixed Assets. Impairment of investment
property is determined in accordance with the policy stated for
Impairment of Assets.
1.14 Employee benefits
The Company's Contrubution to provident fund is considered as defined
contribution and is charged as an en expense as they fall due based on
the amount on contribution required to be made.
Provision for Retirement Benefits: - Liabilities in respect of
Retirement Benefits to employees are accounted for on actual payment
basis. No provision is being made for Liabilities on actuarial
valuation as required by Accounting Standard AS15.
1.15 Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs include interest, amortisation of ancillary costs
incurred and exchange differences arising from foreign currency
borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the
interest cost. Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the
extent not directly related to the acquisition of qualifying assets are
charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the tenure of the
loan. Borrowing costs, allocated to and utilised for qualifying assets,
pertaining to the period from commencement of activities relating to
construction / development of the qualifying asset upto the date of
capitalisation of such asset is added to the cost of the assets.
Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the
Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active
development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted.
1.16 Segment reporting
The company is engaged in manufacturing of hand tools and leaf springs
business which, as per Accounting Standard 17 (AS- 17) "Segment
Reporting issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India,
are considered the reportable business segment of the company.
1.17 Leases
Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership
of an asset substantially vest with the lessor are recognised as
operating leases. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognised
in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis.
1.18 Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss)
after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if
any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during
the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit
/ (loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary
items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to
expense or income relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by
the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving
basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of equity
shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive
potential equity shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be
dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease the
net profit per share from continuing ordinary operations. Potential
dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning
of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The
dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds
receivable had the shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e.
average market value of the outstanding shares). Dilutive potential
equity shares are determined independently for each period presented.
The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are
adjusted for share splits / reverse share splits and bonus shares, as
appropriate.
1.19 Taxes on income
Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the
year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax
Act, 1961.
Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax laws, which
gives future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to future
income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is convincing
evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax. Accordingly, MAT
is recognised as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it is probable that
future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company.
Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences, being the differences
between the taxable income and the accounting income that originate in
one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent
periods. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws
enacted or substantially enacted as at the reporting date. Deferred tax
liabilities are recognised for all timing differences. Deferred tax
assets in respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of
losses are recognised only if there is virtual certainty that there
will be sufficient future taxable income available to realise such
assets. Deferred tax assets are recognised for timing differences of
other items only to the extent that reasonable certainty exists that
sufficient future taxable income will be available against which these
can be realised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if such
items relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing tax laws
and the Company has a legally enforceable right for such set off.
Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date for their
realisability.
Current and deferred tax relating to items directly recognised in
equity are recognised in equity and not in the Statement of Profit and
Loss.
1.20 Research and development expenses
Revenue expenditure pertaining to research is charged to the Statement
of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are also charged to
the Statement of Profit and Loss unless a product's technological
feasibility has been established, in which case such expenditure is
capitalised. The amount capitalised comprises expenditure that can be
directly attributed or allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis
to creating, producing and making the asset ready for its intended use.
Fixed assets utilised for research and development are capitalised and
depreciated in accordance with the policies stated for Tangible Fixed
Assets and Intangible Assets.
1.21 Joint venture operations
The accounts of the Company reflect its share of the Assets,
Liabilities, Income and Expenditure of the Joint Venture Operations
which are accounted on the basis of the audited accounts of the Joint
Ventures on line-by-line basis with similar items in the Company's
accounts to the extent of the participating interest of the Company as
per the Joint Venture Agreements.
1.22 Impairment of assets
The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance
Sheet date are reviewed for impairment. If any indication of impairment
exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated and
impairment is recognised, if the carrying amount of these assets
exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater
of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is
arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value
based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication that
an impairment loss recognised for an asset in earlier accounting
periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of
impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss,
except in case of revalued assets.
1.23 Provisions and contingencies
A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as
a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (inluding retirement
benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined
based on the actual settlement of the obligation at the Balance Sheet
date. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the Notes.
1.24 Hedge accounting
The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts to hedge its risks
associated with foreign currency fluctuations relating to highly
probable forecast transactions. The Company designates such forward
contracts in a cash flow hedging relationship by applying the hedge
accounting principles set out in "Accounting Standard 30 Financial
Instruments: Recognition and Measurement". These forward contracts are
stated at fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the fair value
of these forward contracts that are designated and effective as hedges
of future cash flows are recognised directly in "Hedging reserve
account" under Reserves and surplus, net of applicable deferred income
taxes and the ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the
Statement of Profit and Loss. Amounts accumulated in the "Hedging
reserve account" are reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss
in the same periods during which the forecasted transaction affects
profit and loss. Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging
instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no longer
qualifies for hedge accounting. For forecasted transactions, any
cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in
"Hedging reserve account" is retained until the forecasted transaction
occurs. If the forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur,
the net cumulative gain or loss recognised in "Hedging reserve account"
is immediately transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
1.25 Derivative contracts
The Company enters into derivative contracts in the nature of foreign
currency swaps, currency options, forward contracts with an intention
to hedge its existing assets and liabilities, firm commitments and
highly probable transactions. Derivative contracts which are closely
linked to the existing assets and liabilities are accounted as per the
policy stated for Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations.
Derivative contracts designated as a hedging instrument for highly
probable forecast transactions are accounted as per the policy stated
for Hedge Accounting.
All other derivative contracts are marked-to-market and losses are
recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Gains arising on the
same are not recognised, until realised, on grounds of prudence.
1.26 Share issues expenses
Share issue expenses and redemption premium are adjusted against the
Securities Premium Account as permissible under Section 78(2) of the
Companies Act, 1956, to the extent balance is available for utilisation
in the Securities Premium Account. The balance of share issue expenses
is carried as an asset and is amortised over a period of 5 years from
the date of the issue of shares.
1.27 Insurance claims
Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted /
expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty
in receiving the claims.
1.28 Service tax input credit
Service tax input credit is accounted for in the books in the period in
which the underlying service received is accounted and when there is no
uncertainty in availing / utilising the credits.
Mar 31, 2010
These accounts are prepared under the historical cost convention and
materially comply with the mandatory accounting standards issued by the
Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI). The significant
accounting policies followed by the Company are stated below:
1) Revenue recognition
The books of accounts are maintained on accrual basis except where
stated otherwise.
2) Sales
Sales are inclusive of excise duty and sales tax.
3) Fixed assets
a) Fixed assets are stated at their original cost of acquisition,
duties, freight, and other incidental expenses of acquisition and
installation of the concerned assets.
b) Depreciation on fixed assets of hand tool division is being provided
on straight line method in accordance with the rates specified in
Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.
c) Depreciation on fixed assets of leaf spring division is being
provided on written down value basis in accordance with the rates
specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.
4) Investments
These are valued at cost. Gain/loss on these investments are accounted
for at the time of sale /disposal.
5) Incidental expenditure during construction period
All indirect expenses incurred during project implementation including
interest cost on funds deployed for the project as well as trial run
expenses are treated as incidental expenditure during construction and
subsequently capitalised.
6) Inventories
a) Raw materials and packing materials are valued at cost or net
realisable value, whichever is lower
b) Finished goods and work-in-process are valued at cost or net
realisable value whichever is lower and share of manufacturing expenses
is included on absorption costing basis and
c) Stores and spares are valued at cost after considering cost of
obsolesces.
7) Provision for retirement benefits
The contribution to provident fund is paid on monthly at a
predetermined rate to the provident fund authorities and debited to the
Profit & Loss Account on accrual basis. The Company has an arrangement
with Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) to administer its
Gratuity Schemes for its Tools Division-Unit 1. The premium advised by
LIC is debited to the Profit & Loss Account on an accrual basis.
The liabilities in respect of retirement benefits of tools division
unit-2 and its leaf spring divisions to employees are accounted for on
actual payment and no provision is being made for liabilities on
actuarial valuation as required by AS-15.
8) Research and Development
Revenue expenditure on R&D is charged against the profit of the year in
which it is incurred, capital expenditure on Research and Development
is shown as an addition to the fixed assets.
9) Foreign currency transactions on revenue account
Foreign currency transactions are accounted for at the exchange rate
prevailing on the date of such transactions where such transactions are
not covered by forward contracts. Gains/loses arising out of the
fluctuations in the exchange rate are accounted for at the time of
realisation/payments. Exchange differences arising on foreign currency
transactions are recorded as income or expenses in the period in which
they arise.
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