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Accounting Policies of AJR Infra and Tolling Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2018

I Summary of significant accounting policies

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.

a) Current and non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/non-current classification. Anassetis current when :

- It is expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle or

- It is held primarily for the purpose of trading or

- It is expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or

- It is cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is current when :

- It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle or

- It is held primarily for the purpose of trading or

- It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for atleast twelve months after the reporting period

The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.

b) Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is being made. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment and excluding taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government.

The specific recognition criteria described below must also be met before revenue is recognised.

i) Contract revenue (construction contracts)

Contract revenue and contract cost associated with the construction of road are recognised as revenue and expenses respectively by reference to the stage of completion of the projects at the balance sheet date. The stage of completion of project is determined by the proportion that contract cost incurred for work performed upto the balance sheet date bear to the estimated total contract costs. Where the outcome of the construction cannot be estimated reliably, revenue is recognised to the extent of the construction costs incurred if it is probable that they will be recoverable. If total cost is estimated to exceed total contract revenue, the Company provides for foreseeable loss. Contract revenue earned in excess of billing has been reflected as unbilled revenue and billing in excess of contract revenue has been reflected as unearned revenue.

Company’s operations involve levying of value added tax (VAT)/GST on the construction work. Sales tax/VAT/ GST is not received by the Company on its own account.

ii) Operation and Maintenance income:

Revenue on Operation and Maintenance contracts are recognized over the period of the contract as per the terms of the contract.

iii) Developer fees & other advisory services:

Revenue on Developer Fees is recognized on an accrual basis.

iv) Interest income:

For all debt instruments measured either at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income, interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR). EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset or to the amortised cost of a financial liability. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example, prepayment, extension, call and similar options) but does not consider the expected credit losses. Interest income is included in finance income in the statement of profit and loss.

v) Dividend income:

Dividend is recognised when the Company’s right to receive the payment is established, which is generally when shareholders approve the dividend.

vi) Finance and Other Income ( including remeasurement Income):

Finance income is accrued on a time proportion basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and the applicable EIR. Other income is accounted for on accrual basis. Where the receipt of income is uncertain, it is accounted for on receipt basis.

vii) Financial guarantee income:

Under Ind AS, financial guarantees given by the Company for its subsidiaries are initially recognised as a liability at fair value which is subsequently amortised as income to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a time proportion basis.

c) Property, Plant and Equipment (PPE):

i) Property, Plant and Equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises of purchase price inclusive of taxes, commissioning expenses, etc. upto the date the asset is ready for its intended use.

ii) Significant spares which have a usage period in excess of one year are also considered as part of Property, Plant and Equipment and are depreciated over their useful life.

iii) Borrowing costs on Property, Plant and Equipments are capitalised when the relevant recognition criteria specified in Ind AS 23 Borrowing Costs is met.

iv) Decommissioning costs, if any, on Property, Plant and Equipment are estimated at their present value and capitalised as part of such assets.

v) Depreciation on all assets of the Company is charged on straight line basis over the useful life of assets at the rates and in the manner provided in Schedule II of the Companies Act 2013 for the proportionate period of use during the year. Depreciation on assets purchased /installed during the year is calculated on a pro-rata basis from the date of such purchase /installation.

vi) An item of property, plant and equipment and any significant part initially recognised is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the income statement when the asset is derecognised.

vii) The residual values and useful lives of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

viii) Leasehold improvements is amortized on a straight line basis over the period of lease.

d) Intangible assets

i) Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Internally generated intangibles, excluding capitalised development costs, are not capitalised and the related expenditure is reflected in profit or loss in the period in which the expenditure is incurred.

ii) The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite.

iii) Intangible assets with finite lives are amortised over the useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates. The amortisation expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognised in the statement of profit and loss unless such expenditure forms part of carrying value of another asset.

(iv) Intangible Assets without finite life are tested for impairment at each Balance Sheet date and Impairment provision, if any are debited to profit and loss.

(v) Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the statement of profit or loss when the asset is derecognised.

e) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalised as part of the cost of the asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds. Borrowing cost also includes exchange differences to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the borrowing costs.

f) Impairment of assets

Assets with an indefinite useful life and goodwill are not amortized/ depreciated and are tested annually for impairment. Assets subject to amortization/depreciation are tested for impairment provided that an event or change in circumstances indicates that their carrying amount might not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized in the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher between an asset’s fair value less sale costs and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped together at the lowest level for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (cash-generating units). Non-financial assets other than goodwill for which impairment losses have been recognized are tested at each balance sheet date in the event that the loss has reversed.

g) Equity and mutual fund investment

All equity investments in scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable. If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to statement of profit and loss, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

Investment in subsidiaries, joint venture and associates are carred at Cost in separate financial Statement less impairment if any.

Current Investments :- Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as non-current investments.

Current investments: are carried at fair value with the changes in fair value taken through the statement of Profit and Loss.

h) Inventories:

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value.

a) Stores and materials are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price less estimated cost necessary to make the sale. The weighted average method of inventory valuation is used to determine the cost.

i) Taxes

i) Current Income Tax

The income tax expense or credit for the period is the tax payable on the current period’s taxable income based on the applicable income tax rate for each jurisdiction adjusted by changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities attributable to temporary differences and to unused tax losses. The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period in the countries where the company and its subsidiaries and associates operate and generate taxable income. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. It establishes provisions where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.

ii) Deferred Tax

Deferred income tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the standalone financial statements. However, deferred tax liabilities are not recognised if they arise from the initial recognition of goodwill. Deferred income tax is also not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting profit nor taxable profit (tax loss). Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realised or the deferred income tax liability is settled. Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses only if it is probable that future taxable amounts will be available to utilise those temporary differences and losses. Current and deferred tax is recognised in profit or loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

iii) MAT Credit:

Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in a year is charged to the statement of profit and loss as current tax. The Company recognises MAT credit available as a deferred tax asset only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period, i.e., the period for which MAT credit is allowed to be carried forward. The MAT credit to the extent there is reasonable certainty that the Company will utilise the credit is recognised in the Statement of profit and loss and corresponding debit is done to the Deferred Tax Asset as unused tax credit.

j) Leases

Operating lease:

A lease is classified at the inception date as a finance lease or an operating lease. A lease that transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the Company is classified as a finance lease. All other leases are operating lease. Operating lease payments, as per terms of the agreement, are recognised as an expense in the statement of profit and loss on a straight line basis in accordance with INDAS 17.”

k) Earnings per share

Earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss before OCI for the year by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss before OCI for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

l) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

i) Provisions

The Company recognizes a provision when: it has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events; it is likely that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation; and the amount has been reliably estimated. Provisions are not recognized for future operating losses. Provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

ii) Contingent liabilities and Contingent Assets

A contingent liability recognised in a business combination is initially measured at its fair value. Subsequently, it is measured at the higher of the amount that would be recognised in accordance with the requirements for provisions above or the amount initially recognised less, when appropriate, cumulative amortisation recognised in accordance with the requirements for revenue recognition.

A contingent assets is not recognised unless it becomes virtually certain that an inflow of economic benefits will arise. When an inflow of economic benefits is probable, contingent assets are disclosed in the financial statements. Contingent liabilities and contingent assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date.

m) Employee Benefits

Retirement benefit in the form of provident fund is a defined contribution scheme. The Company has no obligation, other than the contribution payable to the provident fund. The company recognizes contribution payable to the provident fund scheme as an expense, when an employee renders the related service.

Gratuity, a defined benefit obligation is provided on the basis of an actuarial valuation made at the end of each year/period on projected Unit Credit Method.

The cost of providing benefits under the defined benefit plan is determined using the projected unit credit method.

Remeasurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognised immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

Past service costs are recognised in profit or loss on the earlier of:

- The date of the plan amendment or curtailment, and

- The date that the Company recognises related restructuring costs

Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. n) Termination Benefits

Termination benefits are payable as a result of the company’s decision to terminate employment before the normal retirement date, or whenever an employee accepts voluntary redundancy in exchange for these benefits. The company recognizes these benefits when it has demonstrably undertaken to terminate current employees’ employment in accordance with a formal detailed plan that cannot be withdrawn, or to provide severance indemnities as a result of an offer made to encourage voluntary redundancy. Benefits that will not be paid within 12 months of the balance sheet date are discounted to their present value.

o) Employee Share - based payment plans (‘ESOP’)

The Company accounts for the benefits of Employee share based payment plan in accordance with IND AS 102 “Share Based Payments” except for the ESOP granted before the transition date which are accounted as per the previous GAAP as provided in IND AS 101 first time adoption

p) Foreign Currencies

Transactions and Balances

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded in reporting currency by the Company at spot rates at the date of transaction. The Company’s functional currency and reporting currency is same i.e. INR.

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the functional currency spot rates of exchange at the reporting date.

Exchange differences arising on settlement or translation of monetary items are recognised in profit or loss.

Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions.

q) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, demand deposits in banks and other short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Bank overdrafts are shown within bank borrowings in current liabilities on the balance sheet.

r) Fair Value Measurement

The Company measures financial instruments, such as, derivatives at fair value at each balance sheet date. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

- In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

- In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

s) Financial instruments A. Initial recognition

i) Financial Assets & Financial Liabilities

The Company recognizes financial assets and financial liabilities when it becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. All financial assets and liabilities are recognized at fair value on initial recognition, Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities, that are not at fair value through profit or loss, are added to the fair value on initial recognition. Regular way purchase and sale of financial assets are accounted for at trade date.

ii) Equity Instruments

Financial liabilities and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments which are issued for cash are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs. Equity instruments which are issued for consideration other than cash are recorded at fair value of the equity instrument.

B Subsequent measurement

i) Financial assets carried at amortised cost

A financial asset is subsequently measured at amortised cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

ii) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

A financial asset is subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. The Company has made an irrevocable election for its investments which are classified as equity instruments to present the subsequent changes in fair value in other comprehensive income based on its business model. Further, in cases where the Company has made an irrevocable election based on its business model, for its investments which are classified as equity instruments, the subsequent changes in fair value are recognized in other comprehensive income.

iii) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are subsequently fair valued through profit or loss.

iv) Financial liabilities at amortised cost

Financial liabilities are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method, except for contingent consideration recognized in a business combination which is subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss. For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the Balance Sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these liabilities.

v) Financial liabilities at FVPL

Financial liabilities at FVPL include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at FVPL. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term. Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Financial guarantee contracts issued by the Company are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified debtor fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognised initially as a liability at fair value, adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of loss allowance determined as per impairment requirements of Ind AS 109 and the amount recognised less cumulative amortisation. Amortisation is recognised as finance income in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

C De-recognition of Financial Assets

The Company de-recognises a financial asset only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or it transfers the financial asset and substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another entity. If the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the transferred asset, the Company recognizes its retained interest in the assets and an associated liability for amounts it may have to pay. If the Company retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of a transferred financial asset, the Company continues to recognise the financial asset and also recognises a collateralised borrowing for the proceeds received.

D Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

t) Dividend Distribution

Dividend distribution to the Company’s equity holders is recognized as a liability in the Company’s annual accounts in the year in which the dividends are approved by the Company’s equity holders.

u) Exceptional Items

When items of income and expense within profit or loss from ordinary activities are of such size, nature or incidence that their disclosure is relevant to explain the performance of the enterprise for the period, the nature and amount of such material items are disclosed separately as exceptional items.

v) Trade Payables

A payable is classified as a ‘trade payable’ if it is in respect of the amount due on account of goods purchased or services received in the normal course of business. These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of the financial year which are unpaid. These amounts are unsecured and are usually settled as per the payment terms stated in the contract. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period. They are recognised initially at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method.

w) Trade Receivable

A receivable is classified as a ‘trade receivable’ if it is in respect of the amount due on account of goods sold or services rendered in the normal course of business. Trade receivables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method, less provision for impairment.


Sep 30, 2014

A. Basis of preparation

The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in India (Indian GAAP). The Company has prepared these financial statements to comply in all material respects with the notifed accounting standards by Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006,(as amended), and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 read with the General Circular 15/2013 dated September 13, 2013 of the Ministry of Corporate Afairs in respect of Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 and General Circular 8/2014 dated April 4, 2014 with respect to the said financial statements. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on an accrual basis of accounting and under the historical cost convention. The accounting policies are consistent with those used in the previous period.

b. Principles of consolidation

i) Holding company and subsidiaries :

The consolidated financial statements comprise of the financial statements of GAMMON INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS LIMITED ("the Company") and its Subsidiary companies (the Company and its subsidiaries are hereinafter referred to as ''the Group''). The consolidated financial statements has been prepared on the following basis:

The financial statements of the Company and its subsidiary companies have been combined on a line by line basis by adding the book values of like items of assets, liabilities, income and expenses, after fully eliminating intra-group balances, intra-group transactions and unrealized profits or losses as per Accounting Standard - 21 (''AS-21'') "Consolidated Financial Statements" notifed under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006.

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared using uniform policies for like transactions and other events in similar circumstances and are presented to the extent possible in the same manner as the Company''s separate financial statements.

The financial statements of the entities used for consolidation are drawn upto the same reporting date as that of the Company i.e. September 30, 2014.

The excess of cost of investments of the Group over its share of equity in the subsidiary is recognised as goodwill. The excess of share of equity of subsidiary over the cost of investments is recognised as capital reserve.

ii) Interest in joint venture companies :

The Group''s interest in the joint ventures, in the nature of jointly controlled entities are included in these consolidated financial statements using the proportionate consolidation method as per the Accounting Standard – 27 (''AS-27'') "Financial Reporting of Interests in Joint Ventures" notifed under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended). The Group combines its share of each of the assets, liabilities, income and expenses of the joint venture with similar items, on a line by line basis.

iii) Investments in associate companies :

Investments in associate companies are accounted under the equity method as per the Accounting Standard – 23 (''AS-23'') "Accounting for Investments in Associates in Consolidated Financial Statements" notifed under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended).

Under the equity method, the investment in associates is carried in the balance sheet at cost plus post acquisition changes in the Group''s share of net assets of the associate. The statement of profit and loss refects the Group''s share of the results of operations of the associates.

The excess of the Group''s cost of investment over its share of net assets in the associate on the date of acquisition of investment is disclosed as goodwill. The excess of the Group''s share of net assets in the associate over the cost of its investment is disclosed as capital reserve. Goodwill / Capital Reserve is included/adjusted in the carrying amount of the investment.

iv) The Build, Operate and Transfer (BOT)/Design, Build, Finance, Operate and Transfer (DBFOT) contracts are governed by service concession agreements with government authorities (grantor). Under these agreements, the operator does not own the road, but gets "toll / annuity collection rights" against the development and construction services rendered. Since the development and construction revenue earned by the operator is considered as exchanged with the grantor against toll collection rights, profit from such contracts is considered as realised.

Accordingly, BOT/DBFOT contracts awarded to group companies (operator), where work is subcontracted to fellow subsidiaries/ holding companies, the intra group transactions on BOT/DBFOT contracts and the profits arising thereon are taken as realised and not eliminated.

v) Minority interest in the net assets of consolidated subsidiaries is identified and presented in the consolidated balance sheet separately from liabilities and equity of the company''s shareholders. Minority interest in the net assets of consolidated subsidiaries consists of:

a) The amount of equity attributed to minority at the date on which investment in a subsidiary relationship came into existence.

b) The minority share of movement in equity since the date parent subsidiary relationship came into existence.

c) Minority interest share of net profit/(loss) of consolidated subsidiaries for the year is identified and adjusted against the profit after tax of the group.

2.1 Summary of other significant accounting policies

a. Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that afect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period end. Although these estimates are based upon management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could difer from these estimates.

b. Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognised to the extent, that it is probable that the economics benefits will fow to the Group and the revenue can be reliably measured. The following Specific recognition criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised.

i) Infrastructure development business :

Toll revenue from operations of tollable roads is recognised on usage and recovery of the usage charge thereon.

The cash compensation due on account of multiple entries of cars has been accounted on accrual basis as per the order of Government of Kerala for which Supplementary Concession Agreement is being worked out between the Government of Kerala, Greater Cochin Development Authority and Cochin Bridge Infrastructure Company Limited (a Group company).

The annuity income earned from Build, Operate, Transfer (''BOT'') projects is recognised on a time basis over the period during which the annuity is earned. Revenues from bonus and other claims are recognised upon acceptance from customer / counterparty.

Revenue by way of berth hire charges, dust suppression charges, cargo handling charges, plot rent, wharfage, barge freight, other charges etc. are recognised on an accrual basis and is billed as per the terms of the contract with the customers at the rates approved by Tarif Authority for Marine Ports (TAMP) as the related services are performed.

Other operating income is recognised on an accrual basis.

ii) Operations and maintenance revenues :

Revenue on Operations & Maintenance (O & M) contracts are recognised over the period of the contract as per the terms of the contract.

iii) Construction contract revenues :

Revenue from construction contracts is recognised on the basis of percentage completion method. The percentage of work completed is determined by the expenditure incurred on the job till date to the total expected expenditure of the contract.

Construction contracts are progressively evaluated at the end of each accounting period. On contracts under execution which have reasonably progressed, profit is recognised by evaluation of the percentage of work completed at the end of the accounting period. Foreseeable losses on contract are fully provided for in the respective accounting period.

iv) Interest income :

Interest Income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.

v) Dividend income :

Dividend is recognised when the shareholders'' right to receive payment is established by the balance sheet date.

c. Tangible assets

Tangible assets are stated at cost net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition of its intended use. The costs comprises of the purchase price, borrowings costs if capitalisation criteria are met and directly attributable costs of bringing the asset to its working condition for the intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the cost of the tangible asset. Any subsequent expenses related to a tangible asset is added to its book value only if it increases the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance. All other day to day repairs and maintenance expenditure and the cost of replacing parts, are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the period during which such expenses are incurred.

Depreciation on tangible fixed assets is provided on the Straight Line Method (''SLM'') at the rates and in the manner laid down in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 or the rates based on the estimated useful lives of the fixed assets, whichever is higher. Depreciation on tangible fixed assets purchased / installed during the year/ period is calculated on a pro-rata basis from the date of such purchase / installation.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of tangible fixed assets are measured as the diference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.

d. Intangible assets and Intangible assets under development

Intangible assets are stated at cost of construction less accumulated amortised amount and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Costs include direct costs of construction of the project and costs incidental and related to the construction activity. Costs incidental to the construction activity, including fnancing costs on borrowings attributable to construction of the project road, have been capitalised to the project road till the date of completion of construction. Such assets include self constructed assets under the BOT (Annuity) scheme, concession rights in respect of tollable roads, etc.

Intangible assets comprising project road, project port and project bridge are amortised on a straight line basis, from the date they are put to use, over the balance period of the Contract. The amortisation period and the amortisation method are reviewed at each financial year end. Concession rights are amortised on the pro-rata basis of actual tollable trafc volume for the period over the total projected tollable trafc volume over the toll periods granted for the project. The projections for the total trafc volume are based on the report of independent professionals for this purpose. The volume of the trafc is reviewed on periodic intervals for its consistency and appropriateness. If the right to collect toll being amortised is revised on account of the material change in the projected trafc volume arising out of the periodic review, the amortisation would be revised accordingly.

Intangible assets also comprise of rights of Operations and Maintenance (''O&M'') and an amount paid to Mumbai Port Trust towards upfront fees for construction and operation of an ofshore terminal (License Fees Intangible). The O&M intangible results in income stream for the Group for a period of 14 years. The rights are therefore amortised over the period of 14 years on straight line basis. The license fees intangible asset being rights of O&M are amortised over the period of the subsistence of its rights commencing from the date the project becomes operational.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the diference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.

Intangible asset under development is stated at cost of development less accumulated impairment losses, if any. Costs include direct costs of development of the project road and costs incidental and related to the development activity. Costs incidental to the development activity, including fnancing costs on borrowings attributable to development of the project road, are capitalised to the project road till the date of completion of development.

e. Impairment

The Group assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Group estimates the asset''s recoverable amount. An asset''s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s or cash-generating unit''s (CGU) net selling price and its value in use. The recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that refects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks Specific to the asset. In determining net selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.

The Group comprises of companies which are each engaged in developing a project facility. On creating these facilities the said companies establish a right to charge the users of the project development facility. The project development costs are recovered by these companies from the users of the project facilities through toll or are compensated by the grantor through annuities. For testing the impairment of the project facility developed, these companies conduct impairment tests based on detailed discounted cash flows annually. The period of the cash fow are from the date, the project was awarded to the date, the project has to be handed over to the grantor.

Impairment losses of operations, including impairment on inventories, are recognised in the statement of profit and loss, except for previously revalued tangible fixed assets, where the revaluation was taken to revaluation reserve. In this case, the impairment is also recognised in the revaluation reserve up to the amount of any previous revaluation.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.

f. Investments

Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than a year are classifed as current investments. All other investments are classifed as long-term investments.

On initial recognition, all investments are measured at cost. The cost comprises purchase price and directly attributable acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties.

Current investments are carried in the financial statements at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognise a decline other than temporary in the value of long term investments.

On disposal of an investment, the diference between the carrying amount and the net disposal proceeds is charged to the statement of profit and loss.

g. Inventories

Stores and consumables are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value and is determined using the weighted average method. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price less estimated cost necessary to make the sale.

Work in progress on construction contracts refects value of material inputs and expenses incurred on contracts including estimated profits in evaluated contracts.

h. Borrowing costs

Borrowing cost includes interest, amortisation of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings and exchange diferences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.

Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are capitalised. Other borrowing costs are recognised as expenditure in the period in which they are incurred.

i. Provision for taxes

Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India and tax laws prevailing in the respective tax jurisdictions where the Group operates. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognised directly in equity is recognised in equity and not in the statement of profit and loss.

Deferred income taxes refects the impact of current year timing diferences between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing diferences of earlier years. Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are ofset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set-of current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities related to the taxes on income levied by same governing taxation laws and to the same taxable entity. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufcient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. In situations where the Group has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profits.

In the situations where any company within the Group is entitled to a tax holiday under the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India or tax laws prevailing in the respective tax jurisdictions where it operates, no deferred tax (asset or liability) is recognised in respect of timing diferences which reverse during the tax holiday period, to the extent the said company''s gross total income is subject to the deduction during the tax holiday period. Deferred tax in respect of timing diferences which reverse after the tax holiday period is recognised in the year in which the timing diferences originate. However, the said company restricts recognition of deferred tax assets to the extent that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufcient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. For recognition of deferred taxes, the timing diferences which originate frst are considered to reverse frst.

Minimum alternate tax (MAT) paid in a year is charged to the statement of profit and loss as current tax. The Group recognises MAT credit available as an asset only to the extent that there is convincing evidence that the Group will pay normal income tax during the specified period, i.e., the period for which MAT credit is allowed to be carried forward. In the year in which the Group recognizes MAT credit as an asset in accordance with the Guidance Note on Accounting for Credit Available in respect of Minimum Alternative Tax under the Income-tax Act, 1961, the said asset is created by way of credit to the statement of profit and loss and shown as "MAT Credit Entitlement." The Group reviews the "MAT credit entitlement" asset at each reporting date and writes down the asset to the extent the Group does not have convincing evidence that it will pay normal tax during the specified period.

j. Foreign currency translation

Initial recognition :

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

Conversion :

Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction; non-monetary items which are carried at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed when the values were determined.

Exchange diferences :

Exchange diferences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on reporting the Group''s monetary items at rates diferent from those at which they were initially recorded during the period, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognised as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise except those arising from investments in non-integral operations.

k. Preliminary and share issue expenses

Preliminary and share issue expenses (net of taxes) incurred are charged to the security premium account, if available, or to the statement of profit and loss.

l. Operating lease

Leases where the lessor efectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased term are classifed as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the statement of profit and loss on a straight line basis over the lease term.

m. Earnings per share

Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Partly paid shares are treated as a fraction of an equity share to the extent that they are entitled to participate in dividends relative to a fully paid equity share during the reporting period. The weighted number of equity shares are adjusted for events such as bonus issue, bonus element in the rights issue, share split and reverse share split (consolidation of shares) that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without corresponding change in resources.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the efects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

n. Employee benefits

Retirement benefits in the form of Provident Fund is a Defined contribution scheme. The contributions are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the year when the contributions are due. The Group has no obligation, other than the contribution payable to the provident fund.

The Group operates only one Defined benefit plan for its employees i.e. gratuity liability. The costs of providing this benefit are determined on the basis of actuarial valuation at the each year end. Actuarial valuation is carried out using the projected unit credit method. Actuarial gains and losses of the Defined benefit plan are recognised in full in the period in which they occur in the statement of profit and loss.

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilised within the next twelve months, is treated as short-term employee benefit. The Group measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date.

The Group treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long-term employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the year end. Actuarial gains and losses of the Defined benefit plan are recognised in full in the period in which they occur in the statement of profit and loss and are not deferred.

o. Employee share based payments (''ESOP'')

The Group uses the intrinsic value (excess of the share price on the date of grant over the exercise price) method of accounting prescribed by the Guidance Note (''GN'') on ''Accounting for employee share-based payments'' issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (''ICAI'') (''the guidance note'') to account for its Employee Stock Option Scheme (the ''ESOP'' Scheme) read with SEBI (Employees stock option scheme or Employees Stock Purchase) Guidelines,1999. Compensation expense is amortised over the vesting period of the option on SLM basis.

p. Grants received

The Group on receipt of construction grant, received as equity support from grantors, accounts the same as capital reserves. The grant related to operations not forming part of equity support is credited to the statement of the profit and Loss on a pro-rata basis in the year when the same is due and receivable and when the related costs are incurred.

q. Deferred payment liability

The deferred payment liability represents the cash payout (Negative grant) payable to the grantor as per the terms of the Contract at the end of the concession period is added to the cost of respective asset. The said deferred payment liability does not carry any interest thereon.

r. Minority interest

Minority interest comprises of amount of equity attributable to the minority shareholders at the date on which investments are made by the Group and further movements in their share in the equity, subsequent to the date of the investments.

s. Segment reporting

Identifcation of segments :

Business segments have been identified on the basis of the nature of services, the risk return profle of individual business, the organisational structure and the internal reporting system of the Group.

t. Provisions

A provision is recognised when the Group has a present obligation as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of obligation. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the reporting date. These are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to refect the current best estimates.

u. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise of cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less.

v. Contingent liability

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain events beyond the control of the Group or a present obligation that is not recognised because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle an

obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognised because it cannot be measured reliably. The Group does not recognise a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.

w. Measurement of EBITDA

The Group measures EBITDA on the basis of profit/(loss) from continuing operations. In the measurement, the Company does not include depreciation and amortization expense, finance costs and tax expense.

3 The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of Gammon Infrastructure Projects Limited (''GIPL'') (the holding company), its subsidiary companies, joint ventures and associates consolidated on the basis of the relevant accounting standards as discussed in note 2b above.

b. Joint venture entities :

The following jointly controlled entities have been considered applying AS-27 on the basis of audited accounts (except stated otherwise) for the period ended September 30, 2014.

b. Terms / rights attached to equity shares :

The Company has only one class of shares referred to as equity shares having a par value of Rs. 2 per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share.

In the event of liquidation of the Company, the equity share holders will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the Company, after distribution of all preferential amounts. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.

c. Bonus equity shares :

The Company had issued bonus shares in the year ended March 2013 to the shareholders other than the promoter group in the ratio of 1:34 (with the fractions being rounded-of to the next higher whole number) aggregating to 5,262,820 equity shares of Rs. 2 each as fully paid by utilising securities premium account aggregating to Rs. 10,525,640 /-

d. qualified Institutional Placement :

The Company has issued 204,174,286 equity shares in the current period under the qualified Institutional Placement (QIP) issue. The face value of these shares are Rs. 2 each and these were issued at a premium of Rs. 10.68 per share.

a. Capital grant :

Capital grant includes group''s share of grant received by two SPVs of the Group, from NHAI and the Government of Andhra Pradesh in the nature of equity support of the grantor.

b. Employees stock options (''ESOP'') :

During the previous financial period the Company has instituted an ESOP Scheme "GIPL ESOP 2013", approved by the shareholders vide their resolution dated September 20, 2013, as per which the Board of Directors of the Company granted 6,160,000 equity-settled stock options to the eligible employees. Pursuant to the ESOP Scheme each options entitles an employee to subscribe to 1 equity share of Rs. 2 each of the Company at an exercise price of Rs. 2 per share upon expiry of the respective vesting period which ranges from one to four years commencing from October 1, 2014. Upto September 30, 2014, 1,050,000 options were forfeited / lapsed and balance 5,110,000 options are outstanding.

a. The above term loans from banks and financial institutions are primarily taken by various project executing entities of the Group for the execution of the projects. These loans are secured by a frst mortgage and charge on all the movable properties, immovable properties, tangible assets, intangible assets, future receivables and all bank accounts (including escrow bank accounts) save and except the project assets of each individual borrowing company in the Group. Further in few of the SPVs a corporate guarantee of GIPL is given guaranteeing the repayment of the secured obligations in the event of termination of the Concession Agreement pursuant to occurrence of any Concessionaire Default during the construction period, which shall stand discharged upon occurrence of the CoD.

b. Loans from others are secured by frst charge on proceeds/ receivables to be received from the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) towards annuities to be received for the period between the Scheduled Commercial Operation Date and the actual Commercial Operations Date (COD) and securitisation of income from operation and maintenance of road projects.

c. As on September 30, 2014, the Group has defaulted in principal repayment of term loan to its lenders amounting to Rs. 642,148,470 and towards payment of interest amounting to Rs. 231,353,450. Post the balance sheet date the Group has paid Rs. 274,500,000 towards the principal repayment and Rs. 10,300,000 towards interest.

d. Interest rates :

The above mentioned long-term loans from banks and financial institution carry an interest rate which is at a spread above/below the bank''s base rate or bank prime lending rate or G-sec rate or at a negotiated rate. The spread ranges from 50 to 300 basis points. In case of a consortium of lenders the rate applicable is the highest rate charged by any one member of the consortium thereof.

Loans from others, carries interest rates in the range of 12% p.a. to 15% p.a.

f. Unsecured intercorporate loan from minority shareholder :

The repayment of the same is due on March 31, 2015 and hence has been shown under ''Other current liabilities'' in Schedule 12.

g. Pledge of shares :

The equity shares held by the Company and / or GIL in a subsidiary and /or joint venture company of the Group are pledged with respective lenders or consortium of lenders for the individual secured loan availed by the said subsidiary and / or joint venture company from their respective lenders or consortium of lenders.

The change in the balances between September 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 represent addition /reduction of pledge during the current period.

h. An undertaking has been given to a financial institution by few of the subsidiaries of the Group as a support for the Rupee Term Loan (RTL) of Rs. 3,100,000,000 (Previous period Rs. 3,100,000,000) extended to GIPL that these subsidiaries shall not raise any further funds till the loan is outstanding. The balance outstanding as at September 30, 2014 is Rs. 542,500,000.

Few of the SPVs have unabsorbed depreciation as per tax returns which is available for set of against taxable income. These SPVs have recognised the deferred tax asset credit estimating its future taxable income which satisfes the test of virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence for recognising the deferred tax asset on the unabsorbed depreciation as per the tax returns. The deferred tax asset recognised amounts to Rs. 1,680,730,829 (Previous period : Rs. 603,409,151) on the unabsorbed depreciation as per the tax returns available for set of from future taxable income.

The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT), vide circular no. 09/2014 dated 23rd April 2014, has clarifed that the cost of construction on development of infrastructure facility of roads/ highways under BOT projects is allowable as a deduction by amortizing and claiming the same as allowable business expenditure under the Income Tax Act. The amortization allowable is to be computed at the rate, which ensures that the whole of the cost incurred on creation of infrastructural facility of road/ highways is amortized evenly over the period of concessionaire agreement after excluding the time taken for creation of such facility. The deferred tax asset and liability are computed after considering this circular.

* Received from a joint venture against bank guarantee issued from GIPL''s limits.

a. As per the terms of the concession agreement between MNEL and NHAI, MNEL is required to make a cash payout (''Negative Grant'') of Rs. 1,200,000,000 in the last year of the concession period. The same is capitalised as toll concession rights and is represented as deferred payment liability in the financial statements.

b. VGRPPL has commenced toll operations from September 1, 2014, being the appointed date as per the terms of the concession agreement for the project. As per the terms of the said agreement VGRPPL is required to pay an amount of Rs. 575,700,000 as additional concession fee on an annual basis which is to be increased by an annual escalation factor upto the end of the concession period. It has recognized the total additional concession fees payable over the concession period as a part of Intangible Assets - ''Toll Collection rights'' and is amortising it over the period of the concession agreement in terms of Schedule XIV of the Companies Act 1956 for BOT contracts and a corresponding obligation has been recorded as Deferred payment liabilities under Long term liabilities.

a. Gratuity :

Under the gratuity plan, every employee who has completed atleast five years of service gets a gratuity on departure @ 15 days of last drawn salary for each completed year of service. The schemes of all the Group companies except for the one joint venture SPV is unfunded.

One of subsidiaries which had achieved all milestones as required under Letter of Arrangement (LOA) for the purpose of the coal linkage for its thermal power project in Nagpur. However Western Coal Fields Limited (WCL) had raised an issue that change of the status from Partnership Firm to a company amounts to "Assignment" which is prohibited as per LOA. The company has represented the matter to Standing Linkage Committee, which has upheld the contention of WCL. However the company approached the High Court for an interpretation in this regard and pending its decision in the matter the court has stayed the matter and directed that no action be taken till further orders. The company expects a favorable response on the same.

c. Some of the eligible SPVs'' of the Group have availed the tax holiday period under section 80 IA of the Income-tax Act, 1962. As such the eligible SPVs'' Group during this period of tax holiday have to pay the Minimum Alternate Tax (''MAT'') based on the profits as per their profits in the financial statements during the tax holiday period. The MAT paid by these SPVs during the said tax holiday period is available for adjustment against the normal tax payable by the said SPVs after the tax holiday period.

a. The Group undertakes various projects on build-operate-transfer basis as per the service concession agreements with the government authorities. During the current period, expenses on construction activity and developer fees incurred by the operator on the project with the Group were considered as exchanged with the grantor against toll collection / annuity rights from such agreements and therefore the revenue from such contracts were considered realised by the Group and not eliminated for consolidation under AS-21 Consolidated Financial Statements. The revenue during the current year from such contracts are not eliminated to the extent of Rs. 503,538,281 (Previous period : Rs. 350,969,229).

b. During the current period, one of the SPV had received bunched up annuity amounting to Rs. 673,444,444 (Previous period : Rs. 223,125,683) on account of the delay caused not on account of the SPV. The SPV has amortised the intangible asset proportionately for the portion related to the bunched up annuity.

c. During the current period, one of the road project SPV has started generating revenue from September 1, 2014. The project is under implementation however, the SPV as per the License Agreement signed with NHAI has a right to collect the user fees from the vehicles using the road. The total revenue collected during the current period was Rs. 60,653,810 (Previous period Rs. Nil).


Dec 31, 2013

1. Corporate Information

The Company is an infrastructure development company formed primarily to develop, invest in and manage various initiatives in the infrastructure sector. It is presently engaged in the development of various infrastructure projects in sectors like transportation, energy and urban infrastructure through several special purpose vehicles ("SPVs"). It is also engaged in carrying out operation and maintenance ("O&M") activities for the transportation sector projects.

2. Basis of Preparation

The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material respects with the notified accounting standards by the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules 2006 (as amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 which as per a clarification issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs would continue to apply under Section 133 of The Companies Act 2013. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, on an accrual basis of accounting.

The classification of assets and liabilities of the Company is done into current and non-current based on the criterion specified in the Revised Schedule VI notified under the Companies Act, 1956.

The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of financial statements are consistent with those used in the previous year.

2.1 Summary of significant accounting policies

a. Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period end. Although these estimates are based upon management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities in future periods.

b. Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. The following specific recognition criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised:

Operation and Maintenance income:

Revenue on Operation and Maintenance contracts are recognized over the period of the contract as per the terms of the contract.

Developer fees & other advisory services:

Revenue on Developer Fees is recognized on an accrual basis.

Construction contract revenues :

Revenue from construction contracts represents work certified up to and after taking into consideration the actual cost incurred and profit evaluated by adopting the percentage of the work completion method of accounting. The percentage of work completed is determined by the expenditure incurred on the job till date to the total expected expenditure of the contract.

Construction contracts are progressively evaluated at the end of each accounting period. On contracts under execution which have reasonably progressed, profit is recognised by evaluation of the percentage of work completed at the end of the accounting period.

Foreseeable losses are fully provided for in the respective accounting period.

Interest income:

Interest Income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.

Dividend income:

Dividend is recognised when the shareholders'' right to receive payment is established by the balance sheet date.

c. Fixed Assets and depreciation

Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition of its intended use. Borrowing costs relating to acquisition of fxed assets which take a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are also included to the extent they relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.

Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided on the Straight Line Method (''SLM'') using the rates arrived at based on the useful lives estimated by the management, or those prescribed under the Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 whichever is higher. Depreciation on assets purchased /installed during the year is calculated on a pro-rata basis from the date of such purchase / installation.

Intangible assets are rights of Operations and Maintenance (''O&M'') which results in an O&M income stream for the Company for a period of 14 years. The rights are therefore amortised over the period of 14 years on SLM basis.

Leasehold improvements is amortized on a straight line basis over the period of lease.

d. Impairment

The carrying amounts of all assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the asset''s net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash fows are discounted to their present value using a pretax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.

The test for impairment is done on an annual basis on the intangible asset, irrespective of the indicators for impairment.

e. Investments

Investments that are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments. Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognise a decline other than temporary in the value of long term investments.

f. Inventories

a) Stores and materials are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price less estimated cost necessary to make the sale. The weighted average method of inventory valuation is used to determine the cost.

b) Work in progress on construction contracts reflects value of material inputs and expenses incurred on contracts including estimated profits in evaluated jobs.

g. Provision for Taxation

Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax. Current income tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Indian Income Tax Act.

Deferred income taxes reflects the impact of current year timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years. Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set-of current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities related to the taxes on income levied by same governing taxation laws. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. In situations where the Company has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profits.

At each balance sheet date the Company re-assesses unrecognised deferred tax assets. It recognises unrecognised deferred tax assets to the extent that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date. The Company writes down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

h. Operating Lease

Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased term are classifed as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the statement of Profit and Loss on a straight line basis over the lease term.

i. Earnings per share

Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributed to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

j. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

Contingent Liabilities are not recognised but disclosed in notes to accounts. Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed in financial statements.

k. Share Issue Expenses

Share Issue Expenses (net of tax benefits) are charged to the Securities Premium Account, if available, or to the Statement of Proft and Loss.

l. Employee Benefits

Retirement benefits in the form of Provident Fund is a defined contribution scheme and contributions are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year when the contributions are due.

Gratuity liability, a defined benefit obligation, is provided for on the basis of, an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method, made at the end of each financial year.

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next twelve months, is treated as short term employee benefit. The Company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long term employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method made at the end of each financial year.

Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to Statement of Profit and Loss and are not deferred.

m. Employee Share – based payment plans (''ESOP'')

The Company uses the intrinsic value (excess of the net realizable value on the date of grant over the exercise price) method of accounting prescribed by the Guidance Note (''GN'') on ''Accounting for employee share-based payments'' issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (''ICAI'') (''the guidance note'') to account for its Employee Stock Option Scheme read with SEBI (Employees stock option scheme or Employees Stock Purchase) Guidelines,1999. Compensation expense is amortised over the vesting period of the option on SLM basis.

n. Foreign currency translation Initial recognition :

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

Conversion :

Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction; non-monetary items which are carried at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed when the values were determined.

Exchange differences :

Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on reporting company''s monetary items at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognised as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise.

0. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents in the Cash Flow Statement comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less.

p. Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are capitalized. Other borrowing costs are recognised as expenditure in the period in which they are incurred.

q. Measurement of Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and ammortisation (EBITDA)

The company measures EBITDA on the basis of profit/ (loss) from continuing operations. In its measurement, the company does not include depreciation and amortization expense, finance costs and tax expense.

b) Terms / rights attached to equity shares

The Company has only one class of equity shares having a par value of Rs. 2/- per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share. The shareholders are entitled to dividend in the proportion of their shareholding.

I In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the company, after payment of all external liabilities. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.

c) The Company had issued bonus shares in the previous year to the shareholders other than the promoter group in the ratio of 1:34 (with the fractions being rounded-of to the next higher whole number) aggregating to 5,262,820 equity shares of Rs. 2 each as fully paid by utilising securities premium account aggregating to Rs. 10,525,640 /-.

f) Shares reserved under options to be given.

5,320,000 (previous year : 1,146,670) equity shares have been reserved for issue as ESOP. For further details refer note 4.1


Mar 31, 2013

A. Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period end. Although these estimates are based upon management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities in future periods.

b. Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. The following specific recognition criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised:

Operation and Maintenance income:

Revenue on Operation and Maintenance contracts are recognized over the period of the contract as per the terms of the contract.

Developer fees & other advisory services:

Revenue on Developer Fees is recognized on an accrual basis.

Construction contract revenues :

Revenue from construction contracts is recognised on the basis of percentage completion method. The percentage of work completed is determined by the expenditure incurred on the job till date to the total expected expenditure of the contract.

Construction contracts are progressively evaluated at the end of each accounting period. On contracts under execution which have reasonably progressed, profit is recognised by evaluation of the percentage of work completed at the end of the accounting period. Foreseeable losses are fully provided for in the respective accounting period.

Interest income:

Interest Income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.

Dividend income:

Dividend is recognised when the shareholders'' right to receive payment is established by the balance sheet date.

c. Fixed Assets and depreciation

Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition of its intended use. Borrowing costs relating to acquisition of fixed assets which take a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are also included to the extent they relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.

Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided on the Straight Line Method (‘SLM'') using the rates arrived at based on the useful lives estimated by the management, or those prescribed under the Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 whichever is higher. Depreciation on assets purchased /installed during the year is calculated on a pro-rata basis from the date of such purchase / installation.

Intangible assets are rights of Operations and Maintenance (‘O&M'') which results in an O&M income stream for the Company for a period of 14 years. The rights are therefore amortised over the period of 14 years on SLM basis.

d. Impairment

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the asset''s net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pretax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.

The test for impairment is done on an annual basis on the intangible asset, irrespective of the indicators for impairment.

e. Investments

Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments. Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognise a decline other than temporary in the value of long term investments.

f. Inventories

a) Stores and materials are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price less estimated cost necessary to make the sale. The weighted average method of inventory valuation is used to determine the cost.

b) Work in progress on construction contracts reflects value of material inputs and expenses incurred on contracts including estimated profits in evaluated jobs.

g. Provision for Taxation

Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax. Current income tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Indian Income Tax Act.

Deferred income taxes reflects the impact of current year timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years. Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set-off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities related to the taxes on income levied by same governing taxation laws. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. In situations where the Company has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profits.

At each balance sheet date the Company re-assesses unrecognised deferred tax assets. It recognises unrecognised deferred tax assets to the extent that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date. The Company writes down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

h. Operating Lease

Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased term are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the statement of Profit and Loss on a straight line basis over the lease term.

i. Earnings per share

Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributed to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

j. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

Contingent Liabilities are not recognised but disclosed in notes to accounts. Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed in financial statements.

k. Share Issue Expenses

Share Issue Expenses (net of tax benefits) are charged to the Securities Premium Account, if available, or to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

l. Employee Benefits

Retirement benefits in the form of Provident Fund is a defined contribution scheme and contributions are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year when the contributions are due.

Gratuity liability, a defined benefit obligation, is provided for on the basis of, an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method, made at the end of each financial year.

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilised within the next twelve months, is treated as short term employee benefit. The Company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long term employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method made at the end of each financial year.

Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to Statement of Profit and Loss and are not deferred.

m. Employee Share - based payment plans (‘ESOP'')

The Company uses the intrinsic value (excess of the share price on the date of grant over the exercise price) method of accounting prescribed by the Guidance Note (‘GN'') on ‘Accounting for employee share-based payments'' issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (‘ICAI'') (‘the guidance note'') to account for its Employee Stock Option Scheme (the ‘ESOP'' Scheme) read with SEBI (Employees stock option scheme or Employees Stock Purchase) Guidelines,1999. Compensation expense is amortised over the vesting period of the option on SLM basis.

n. Foreign currency translation

Initial recognition :

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

Conversion :

Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction; non-monetary items which are carried at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed when the values were determined.

Exchange differences :

Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on reporting company''s monetary items at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognised as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise.

o. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents in the Cash Flow Statement comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less.

p. Measurement of Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and ammortization (EBITDA)

The company measures EBITDA on the basis of profit/ (loss) from continuing operations. In its measurement, the company does not include depreciation and amortization expense, finance costs and tax expense.


Mar 31, 2012

A. Change in accounting policy

Dividend on investment in subsidiary companies

Till the year ended March 31, 2011, the Company, in accordance with the pre-revised Schedule VI, recognised dividend declared by subsidiary companies after the reporting date in the year's statement of profit and loss if such dividend pertained to the period ending on or before the reporting date. The Revised Schedule VI, applicable for financial years commencing on or after April 1, 2011, does not contain this requirement. Hence, to comply with AS 9 Revenue Recognition, the Company has changed its accounting policy for recognition of dividend income from subsidiary companies. In accordance with the revised policy, the Company recognizes dividend as income only when the right to receive the same is established by the reporting date.

The change in policy did not have any impact on the financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2011 or 2012.

Method of inventory valuation

During the year, the Company has changed the method of valuation of inventory from 'FIFO' to Weighted average method. Due to this change the profit for the year has been lower by Rs. 5,339.

b. Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period end. Although these estimates are based upon management's best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities in future periods.

c. Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. The following specific recognition criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised:

Operation and maintenance income:

Revenue on Operation and Maintenance contracts are recognised over the period of the contract as per the terms of the contract. Developer fees:

Revenue on Developer Fees is recognised on an accrual basis.

Interest income:

Interest income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.

Dividend income:

Dividend is recognised when the shareholders' right to receive payment is established by the balance sheet date.

d. Fixed assets and depreciation

Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition of its intended use. Borrowing costs relating to acquisition of fixed assets which take a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are also included to the extent they relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.

Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided on the Straight Line Method ('SLM') using the rates arrived at based on the useful lives estimated by the management, or those prescribed under the Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956. Depreciation on assets purchased /installed during the year is calculated on a pro-rata basis from the date of such purchase / installation.

Intangible assets are rights of Operations and Maintenance ('O&M') which results in an O&M income stream for the Company for a period of 14 years. The rights are therefore amortised over the period of 14 years on SLM basis.

e. Impairment

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external factors. An impairment loss is recognised wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the asset's net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value at the weighted average cost of capital.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.

The test for impairment is done on an annual basis on the intangible asset, irrespective of the indicators for impairment.

f. Investments

Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments. Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognise a decline other than temporary in the value of long term investments.

g. Inventories

Stores and materials are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price less estimated cost necessary to make the sale. The weighted average method of inventory valuation is used to determine the cost.

h. Provision for taxation

Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax. Current income tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Indian Income Tax Act.

Deferred income taxes reflects the impact of current year timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years. Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set-off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities related to the taxes on income levied by same governing taxation laws. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. In situations where the Company has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profits.

At each balance sheet date the Company re-assesses unrecognised deferred tax assets. It recognises unrecognised deferred tax assets to the extent that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date. The Company writes down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

i. Operating lease

Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased term are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the statement of Profit and Loss on a straight line basis over the lease term.

j. Earnings per share

Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributed to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

k. Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

Contingent liabilities are not recognised but disclosed in notes to accounts. Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed in financial statements.

l. Share issue expenses

Share issue expenses (net of tax benefits) are charged to the securities premium account, if available, or to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

m. Employee benefits

Retirement benefits in the form of Provident Fund is a defined contribution scheme and contributions are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year when the contributions are due.

Gratuity liability, a defined benefit obligation, is provided for on the basis of, an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method, made at the end of each financial year.

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilised within the next tweleve months, is treated as short term employee benefit. The Company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond tweleve months, as long term employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long term compensated absenses are provided for based on the actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method made at the end of each financial year.

Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to Statement of Profit and Loss and are not deferred.

n. Employee share - based payment plans ('ESOP')

The Company uses the intrinsic value (excess of the share price on the date of grant over the exercise price) method of accounting prescribed by the Guidance Note ('GN') on 'Accounting for employee share-based payments' issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India ('ICAI') ('the guidance note') to account for its Employee Stock Option Scheme (the 'ESOP' Scheme) read with SEBI (Employees Stock Option Scheme or Employees Stock Purchase) Guidelines,1999. Compensation expense is amortised over the vesting period of the option on SLM basis.

o. Foreign currency translation Initial recognition:

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

Conversion:

Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction; non-monetary items which are carried at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed when the values were determined.

Exchange differences:

Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on reporting company's monetary items at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognised as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise except those arising from investments in non-integral operations.

p. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents in the Cash Flow Statement comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less.

q. Measurement of EBITDA

As permitted by the Guidance Note on the Revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956, the company has elected to present earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) as a separate line item on the face of the Statement of Profit and Loss. The company measures EBITDA on the basis of profit/ (loss) from continuing operations. In its measurement, the company does not include depreciation and amortization expense, finance costs and tax expense.


Mar 31, 2011

BASIS OF PREPARATION

The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material respects with the notified accounting standards by the Companies (Accounting Standards] Rules 2006 las amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, on an accrual basis of accounting. The accounting policies discussed more fully below, are consistent with those used in the previous year.

USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent' liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period end. Although these estimates are based upon management's best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from these estimates.

a] Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured.

Revenue on Operation and Maintenance contracts are recognized over the period of the contract as per the terms of the contract.

Revenue from construction contracts is recognized on the basis of percentage completion method. The percentage of work completed is determined by the expenditure incurred on the job till each review date to the total expected expenditure of the contract.

Construction contracts are progressively evaluated at the end of each accounting period. On contracts under execution which have reasonably progressed, profit is recognized by evaluation of the percentage of work completed at the end of the accounting period, whereas, foreseeable tosses are fully provided for in the respective accounting period.

Revenue on Developer Fees is recognized on the accrual basis,

Interest Income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.

Dividend is recognised when the shareholders' right to receive payment is established by the balance sheet date. Dividend from subsidiaries is recognised even if same is declared after the balance sheet date but pertains to period on or before the date of balance sheet as per the requirement of Schedule VI of the Companies Act, 1956.

b) Fixed Assets and depreciation

Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition of its intended use. Borrowing costs relating to acquisition of fixed assets which take a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are also included to the extent they relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.

Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided on the Straight Line Method t'SLMl at the rates and in the manner laid down in Schedule XIVof the Companies Act, 1956. Depreciation on assets purchased/ installed during the year is calculated on a pro-rata basis from the date of such purchase / installation.

Intangible assets are rights of Operations and Maintenance ('O&M') which results in an O&M income stream for the Company for a period of 14 years. The rights are therefore amortised over the period of 14 years on SLM basis.

c) Impairment

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the asset's net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value at the weighted average cost of capital.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.

d) Investments

Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than a year are classified as current investments. AH other investments are classified as long-term investments. Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognise a decline other than temporary in the value of long term investments.

e) Inventories

Stores and materials are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price less estimated cost necessary to make the sale. The FIFO method of inventory valuation is used to determine the cost.

f) Provision for Taxation

Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax. Current income tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Indian Income Tax Act.

Deferred income taxes reflects the impact of current year timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years. Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set-off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities related to the taxes on income levied by same governing taxation laws. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. In situations where the Company has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profits.

At each balance sheet date the Company re-assesses unrecognised deferred tax assets. It recognises unrecognised deferred tax assets to the extent that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.

The carrying amount of'deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date. The Company writes down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

g) Operating Lease

Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased term are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the Profit and Loss Account on a straight line basis over the lease term.

h) Earnings per share

Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributed to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

i) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates Contingent Liabilities are not recognised but disclosed in notes to accounts. Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed in financial statements.

j) Share Issue Expenses

Share Issue Expenses are charged off to the Security Premium Account, if available, or to the Profit and Loss Account.

k) Employee Benefits

Retirement benefits in the form of Provident Fund is a defined contribution scheme and contributions are charged to the Profit and Loss Account for the year when the contributions are due.

Gratuity liability, a defined benefit obligation, is provided for on the basis of, an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method, made at the end of each financial year,

Leave encashment liability is recognised on the basis of an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method made at the end of each financial year

Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to Profit and Loss account and are not deferred.

1) Employee Share - based payment plans 1'ESOP')

The Company uses the intrinsic value (excess of the share price on the date of grant over the exercise price] method of accounting prescribed by the Guidance Note CGN'I on Accounting for employee share-based payments' issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 1'ICAI') I'the guidance note') to account for its Employee Stock Option Scheme (the 'ESOP' Scheme) read with SEBI (Employees stock option scheme or Employees Stock Purchase) Guidelines,1999 Compensation expense is amortised over the vesting period of the option on SLM basis.

m) Foreign currency translation

FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS

Initial recognition :

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date ol the transaction.

Conversion :

Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction; non-monetary items which are carried at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed when the values were determined.

Exchange differences :

Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on reporting company's monetary items at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognised as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise except those arising from investments in non- integral operations.

n) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents in the Cash Flow Statement comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less.


Mar 31, 2010

Basis of Preparation

The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material respects with the notified accounting standards by the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules 2006 (as amended). and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, on an accrual basis of accounting. The accounting policies discussed more fully below, are consistent with those used in the previous year.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting period end. Although these estimates are based upon management’s best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from these estimates.

a) Revenue Recognition

Revenue on Operation and Maintenance contracts are recognized over the period of the contract as per the terms of the contract.

Revenue from construction contracts is recognized on the basis of percentage completion method. The percentage of work completed is determined by the expenditure incurred on the job till each review date to the total expected expenditure of the contract.

Construction contracts are progressively evaluated at the end of each accounting period. On contracts under execution which have reasonably progressed, profit is recognized by evaluation of the percentage of work completed at the end of the accounting period, whereas, foreseeable losses are fully provided for in the respective accounting period.

Revenue on Developer Fees is recognized on the accrual basis.

Interest Income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.

Dividend is recognised when the shareholders’ right to receive payment is established by the balance sheet date. Dividend from subsidiaries is recognised even if same is declared after the balance sheet date but pertains to period on or before the date of balance sheet as per the requirement of Schedule VI of the Companies Act, 1956.

b) Fixed Assets and depreciation

Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition of its intended use. Borrowing costs relating to acquisition of fixed assets which take a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are also included to the extent they relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.

Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided on the Straight Line Method (SLM’) at the rates and in the manner laid down in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956. Depreciation on assets purchased /installed during the year/ period is calculated on a pro-rata basis from the date of such purchase / installation.

Intangible assets are rights of Operations and Maintenance (O&M’) which results in an O&M income stream for the Company for a period of 14 years. The rights are therefore amortised over the period of 14 years on SLM basis.

c) Impairment

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the asset’s net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value at the weighted average cost of capital.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.

d) Investments

Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than a year are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments. Current investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognise a decline other than temporary in the value of long term investments.

e) Inventories

Stores and materials are valued at lower of cost or net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price less estimated cost necessary to make the sale. The FIFO method of inventory valuation is used to determine the cost.

f) Provision for Taxation

Tax expense comprises of current, deferred and fringe benefit tax. Current income tax and fringe benefit tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Indian Income Tax Act.

Deferred income taxes reflects the impact of current year timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years. Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. In situations where the Company has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profits.

At each balance sheet date the Company re-assesses unrecognised deferred tax assets. It recognises unrecognised deferred tax assets to the extent that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date. The Company writes down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

Fringe Benefit Tax has been abolished.

g) Operating Lease

Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased term are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the Profit and Loss Account on a straight line basis over the lease term.

h) Earnings per share

Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit for the year attributed to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

i) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

A provision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

Contingent Liabilities are not recognised but disclosed in notes to accounts. Contingent assets are neither recognised nor recorded in financial statements.

j) Share Issue Expenses

Share Issue Expenses after 1st April, 2004 are charged off to the Security Premium Account, if available, or to the Profit and Loss Account.

k) Employee Benefits

Retirement benefits in the form of provident fund is a defined contribution scheme and contributions are charged to the Profit and Loss Account for the year when the contributions are due.

Gratuity liability, a defined benefit obligation, is provided for on the basis of, an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method, made at the end of each financial year.

Leave encashment liability is recognised on the basis of an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method made at the end of each financial year.

Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to profit and loss account and are not deferred.

l) Employee Share – based payment plans (ESOP’)

The Company uses the intrinsic value (excess of the share price on the date of grant over the exercise price) method of accounting prescribed by the Guidance Note (GN’) on Accounting for employee share-based payments’ issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI’) (the guidance note’) to account for its Employee Stock Option Scheme (the ESOP’ Scheme) read with SEBI (Employees stock option scheme or Employees Stock Purchase) Guidelines,1999. Compensation expense is amortised over the vesting period of the option on SLM basis.

m) Foreign currency translation

Foreign currency transactions

Initial recognition :

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

Conversion :

Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction; non-monetary items which are carried at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed when the values were determined.

Exchange differences :

Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or on reporting company’s monetary items at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognised as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise except those arising from investments in non-integral operations.

n) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less.

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