Indian Waste water Industry
Market Definition
Water & Wastewater treatment (WWT) includes processes that purify water & manage sewage. It utilizes technologies, products, and services to improve water quality for diverse purposes & ensure environmentally friendly wastewater
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disposal. The water treatment process makes raw water safe for drinking, industry, and irrigation. Wastewater treatment purifies sewage before releasing or reusing it, as untreated wastewater poses health & environmental risks due to pollutants. Proper treatment is vital for safeguarding the environment & public health.
Market Insights & Analysis: India Water and Wastewater Treatment Market (2023-28): The India Water and Wastewater Treatment Market size was valued at USD 1.51 billion in 2022 & is estimated to grow at a CAGR of around 11.22% during the forecast period, i.e., 2023-28. This is owing to the rising water & wastewater treatment initiatives by the union government, growing urban wastewater aligned with rapid urbanization, surging wetland restorations, and rising growth of the chemical industry.
The government of India has been implementing various initiatives, such as the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation, the National Mission for Clean Ganga, and Community Drinking Water Schemes, etc., in recent years. With this program, the government aims to ensure adequate, robust sewage networks & water supply, abatement of pollution & conservation of rivers, safe & adequate drinking water, etc. Consequently, the country has witnessed a surging demand for water & wastewater treatment solutions such as reverse-osmosis desalination, coagulation & flocculation, filtration, chlorination, and more in recent times.
Further, rapid urbanization and economic reforms in India have led to an upsurge in sewage water in cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, and Chennai. The Central Pollution Control Board's 2022 report revealed urban centers generated approximately 72,368 million liters per day (MLD) of sewage in 2020-21. The installed sewage treatment capacity is around 31,841 MLD, yet the operational capacity is only about 26,869 MLD, significantly lower than the generated load. Merely 28% (20,236 MLD) of urban sewage undergoes treatment, leaving around 72% untreated and disposed into water bodies. To counter this, government initiatives via partnerships, investments, and promote wastewater treatment.
The necessity to manage urban sewage is projected to propel the Water and Wastewater Treatment Market in the forecast period, as governments & environmental organizations are expected to collaborate & invest in advanced treatment methods to address the challenges posed by escalating urban sewage generation
India Water and Wastewater Treatment Market Driver: Government Inclination Towards Sludge & Greywater Management – During the historical years, the Indian government focused on the management of wastewater due to various reasons such as water stress & water pollution affecting the environment as well as human health. The appealing policies of the Indian government have catalyzed economic growth, leading to a substantial increase in foreign direct investment (FDI) to approximately USD 83.57 billion during the fiscal year 2021-22. This reflects a remarkable growth of about USD 23.35 billion when compared to 2016-17.
This growth has additionally led to the expansion of various industries, such as textiles, pharmaceuticals, and chemicals, among others, within the country & would require a massive addition to the water capacity & wastewater treatment facilities. Moreover, the increasing manufacturing activities in the country & government projects were back on track at full throttle, resulting in a sudden uptick in demand for water treatment systems.
Furthermore, the proposed expansion of oil & gas pipelines in western India, city gas distribution in Delhi NCR, and UP would contribute immensely to the demand for water treatment in recent years. Along with this, robust governmental initiatives, such as the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation, National Mission for Clean Ganga, Jal Jeevan Mission, and Community Drinking Water Schemes, contribute to the growth of the Indian Water and Wastewater Treatment Market in the forthcoming years.
India Water and Wastewater Treatment Market Challenge: Lack of Standardized Law for Wastewater Management – Untreated sewage & industrial waste significantly contaminates India's water bodies. The 1974 Water Act initiated measures for conservation, pollution control, and wastewater guidelines. It led to central & state pollution boards overseeing pollution & innovative wastewater practices. The 1986 Environment Act set discharge standards for diverse pollutants. Although the Indian Constitution's Schedule 7 designates water as a state matter, the central government can legislate interstate water issues.
This dynamic creates a power imbalance between central & state governments, leading to conflicts. This fragmented approach hampers wastewater treatment implementation, further impeding the Water & Wastewater Treatment Market growth in the years ahead due to the absence of uniform laws in the country.
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