Notes to Accounts of Giriraj Civil Developers Ltd.

Mar 31, 2025

PROVISION ANP..CQNTlM.g£WT UABUJUES:

Provisions: Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is
probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the
obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the
best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance sheet date and
are not discounted to its present value.

Contingent Liabilities: Contingent liabilities are disdosed when there is a possible obligation arising from
past events, the existence of which win be confirmed only by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or
more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the company or a present obligation that
arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to
settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed.

EARNING PER.SHARES:

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to
equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equities shares outstanding during the period.
The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods
presented Is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity
shares that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in
resources. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period
attnbutable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the
period is adjusted form^ffccts of all dilutive potential equity shares.

b) Terms/ rights attache* to equity shares

1 .The Company has only one c «5 of snare: referred to dS OQuity shares having a par value of Rs.ltY .Each header of CQuity shores lc entitled to enc
vote per snare.

2. Tne company dorfaroc and pay* d''vnJerxJs f the
shareholders in the enojing Annual Genera* Meeting,

3. Tne Company has or4y one class of shares referred to as equity chores having a p*r value of Rs 10/-.Etch holder of eauny snares is enttled to are
vote per -hare

4. The Corrparry ha& allotted equity NK (PY 7.40.0U0) equty shares of Rs. 10/- each at the premium of CY MA (P r Rs 571V- Per share) on
preferential basrs *n PY 2023-24

5. Th< company tUA allotted Don us ecury chores in Previous roar iota l ,91,36,400 equty shares of Rs 10/- each, four Equity shares alorcd *cr
every one existing eoutty share hod on clodng dato of 03/11/2073

NOTE NO 29 DEPOSIT -PROJECT EXPLORATION

The Company has received a security deposit or ? 2500 Lakhs (total agreed: 74000 Lakhs) from
a related party in connection with the proposed subcontracting of a construction contract
currently being executed by the Company. Upon receipt of the full deposit, the Company will
formally assign or subcontract the remaining scope of work under the existing contract to the
related party.

The amount received Is classified under Non-Current Liabilities as "Deposit from Related

Party", as the arrangement involves performance obligations extending beyond 12 months.

NOTE NO 30 DEPOSIT - FROM THIRD PARTIES

The Company has received a security deposit of ? 3023.00 Lacs (Total agreed: ?5000 Lakhs)
from a third party against the future allocation of flats/constructed area, which the Company will
receive as part consideration under an ongoing construction contract.

If the Company does not receive the total agreed amount, the funds received may either be
refunded or forfeited, based on mutual understanding.

Upon receipt of the full deposit, the Company will execute the relevant agreements, and the
designated area will be transferred to the third party. The amount received Is classified under
Non-Current Liabilities as "Deposit from Third Party", pending completion of the project
and execution of the formal agreement.

NOTE NO 31 WORKING CAPITAL AND BANK GUARANTEE FACILITY

During the year, the Company enhanced Its working capital facility from ?300 Lakhs to ?600
Lakhs and its non-fund-based limit (bank guarantees) from ? 2500 Lakhs to ?4300 Lakhs with
Yes Bank Limited. These facilities are secured by the Company’s current assets, investments,
cash flows, residential property of directors, personal guarantees of directors, and commercial
assets of a sister concern firm.

The non-fund-based limit is utilized primarily for issuing bank guarantees to government
departments, either directly, through third parties, or on behalf of Joint ventures. These
guarantees are further secured by fixed deposits and the above-mentioned collateral.

As on 31st March 2025, the outstanding bank guarantees amount to ? 2874.65 Lakhs (Previous
Year: i 2887.69). The guarantees are primarily performance and security-related In nature.
Based on management assessment, no material liability is expected to arise. Hence, no provision
has been made in the financial statements.

Note No 32 - Dues to Micro and Small Enterprises

Disclosures required under section 22 of the micros, small and medium enterprises development
Act 2006

The Company has certain dues to suppliers registered under Micro, Small and Medium
Enterprises Development Act, 2006 (MSMED Act). The disclosure pursuant to the said MSMED
Act are as follows:

Disclosure of payable to vendors as defined under the "Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise
Development Act, 2006" is based on the information available with the Company regarding the
status of registration of such vendors under the said Act, as per the intimation received from
them on requests made by the Company. There are no overdue principal amounts / interest
payable amounts for delayed payments to such vendors at the Balance Sheet date except Rs.
47.44 Lacs (company did not made provision for the interest on overdue amount).

NOTE NO 33 ADVANCE FROM RELATED PARTY

The Company has received an advance of 1850.00 Lacs from a related parly for conducting a
market search and identifying potential project opportunities. The search aims to explore
potential ventures for Joint development. The amount is classified under Other Current
Liabilities as "Advance from Related Party ",

NOTE NO 34 INVESTMENT IN JOINT VENTURES

The company has entered Into the following Joint venture agreements for execution of the
construction projects.

Details of the Company joint ventures are as under

1) The Company is joint venture Partner in Joint venture firm M/s. Prime - GirlraJ-KK (JV), balance
In Capital Rs. 12.26 Lakhs Debit Balance, (P.Y. Rs. 20.69 Lakh Debit Balance) Details of Joint
venture Partners and their Share In the firm are as follow: -

NOTE NO 36 DEPOSIT -PROJECT EXPLORATION

The Company has paid a deposit of Rs. 3332.31 Lacs to a third party for identifying potential
project opportunities. No specific project has been finalized. Upon receiving a satisfactory report,
the Company may consider a joint development work or as per mutually decided by party. The
deposit is classified under Non-Current Assets as "Deposit - Project Exploration". No
impairment has been recognized as of the reporting date.

Note No 37- Corporate Social Responsibility Expenses (CSR)

As per Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with guidelines issued by
Department of Public Enterprises, GOI, the Company Is required to spend, in every
financial year, at least two per cent or the average net profits of the Company made
during the three immediately preceding financial years In accordance with its CSR Policy.

The Company became liable to undertake CSR activities from the financial year 2024-25, as It
met the applicability criteria for the first time. The details of CSR expenses for the year are as
under:

Note No 38 Disclosures pursuant to the Accounting Standard-15 Employee benefit
Defined benefit plan - Gratuity Obligations

The Company provides for gratuity, a defined benefit plan (the ''''Gratuity Plan") covering eligible
employees In accordance with the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. The Gratuity Plan provides a
lump sum payment to vested employees at retirement, death, Incapacitation or termination of
employment, of an amount based on the respective employee''s salary and the tenure of
employment.

NOTE NO 42 Termination of Projects-

During the financial year, the Railway Department cancelled the following tenders
awarded to the Company-

1 On 9th January 2025 - Cancellation of tho tender for upgradatlon and beautification of five
stations: Marine Lines, Cham! Road, Grant Road, Lower Parel, and Prabhadevi. The scheduled
work duration was 7 months.

2 On 30th December 2024 - Cancellation of the tender for upgradation and beautification of
Umbergaon, Sanjan, and Vapl stations. The scheduled work duration was 7 months.

3 "On 28^,h April 2025, the Railway department cancelled a tender for Provision of FOB, COP at
various stations between Isharwara-Aslana section, conversion of goods platform to passenger
platform (PF-No-4), Raising, Flooring PF No-1, raising widening & flooring of PF No. 2/3 & supply,
Fabrication, erection and launching of composite girder at important Bridge No-1066/1 between
Lidhora-Girwar station in connection with proposed 3rd line in Blna Katni Section. The nature of
the work was regarding the upgradation of stations and conversion of platforms for easy of
passengers and improving the efficiency of the platforms In terms of passenger handling, building
Fobs etc. The said work duration was of 12 months.

All the above terminations have been classified by the Company as unlawful. Consequently, the
Company has initiated legal arbitration proceedings against the Railway Department. As of
the reporting date, the pre-resolution and arbitration processes are ongoing.

Financial Disclosure:

As per the financial records, the following amounts are associated with the above projects:

• Stock pertaining to the projects: ? 180.16 lakhs

• Earnest Money Deposit (EMD): ? 26.69 lakhs

• Bank Guarantee submitted: ? 285.89 lakhs

Based on management representation, there is no financial impact recognized in the

current financial statements arising from the above terminations. The Company expects a
favourable resolution and therefore, no provisions or write-downs have been made in respect
of the stock, EMD, or bank guarantee as of the balance sheet date.

The Company continues to closely monitor the legal proceedings and will account for any
financial impact, if necessary, upon the conclusion of the arbitration.

NOTE NO 43 CONTINGENT LIABLITES

Contingent liabilities not provided for in the books of accounts as on 31st March 2025 amount
to ?2,874.6S lakhs (Previous Year: *2,887.69 lakhs) towards bank guarantees Issued to
various government authorities. Additionally, an amount of *155.97 lakhs (Previous Year:
*155.97 lakhs) pertains to disputed income tax liabilities for which the Company has filed an
appeal before the appropriate appellate authority. The Company has also filed an appeal
against GST liabilities amounting to *1,940.87 lakhs towards interest and penalty, which are
currently under dispute.

Based on management assessment and legal advice, no provision has been made in the
financial statements as the Company expects a favourable outcome in all the above matters.

NOTE NO 44 REPORTING ON OTHERS DISCLOSURES:

a. Loan & advances, sundry debtors, sundry creditors and other liabilities are subject to
confirmation and reconciliation. The balances are therefore as per the books of accounts.

b. In the opinion of Directors, provisions for all known liabilities have been made in the accounts.

c. No commission has been paid to the directors and only the remuneration by way of salary has
been paid to the directors as per the section 196, 197 and Schedule V of the Companies Act,
2013 as under:

d. The Company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or
pending against the Company for holding any Benami property.

e. The Company does not have any transactions with Companies v/hose name has been struck off
from the register of Companies.

f. The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which Is yet to be registered with
registrar of companies (ROC).

g. The Company has not traded or invested In Crypto currency or Virtual currency during the year.

h. The Company has complied with number of layers prescribed under section 2(87) of the Act
read with the Companies (Restriction on number of Layers) Rules, 2017.

i. The Company has not been declared as willful defaulter by any bank or financial institution
or government or any government authority in current year and previous year.

j. The Company''sjiagncial ratios as per Schedule III requiremegt^jm as under:

k. The Company has a system of obtaining periodic confirmation of balances from banks

and other parties. So far as trade/other payables and loans and advances are concerned,
the balance confirmation letters were sent to the parties. Balances of some of the Trade
Receivables, Other Assets, Trade and Other Payables are subject to

confirmatlons/reconciliations and consequential adjustment, if any. Reconciliations are
carried out on on- going basis. However, management does not expect to have any
material financial impact of such pending confirmations reconciliations.

l. AUDIT TRAIL (EDIT LOG) FEATURE IN THE ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) introduced a new requirement for companies under the
proviso to Rule 3(1) of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 Inserted by the Companies
(Accounts) Amendment Rules, 2021 requiring companies, which uses accounting software for
maintaining its books of account, shall use only such accounting software which has a feature of
recording audlt£caiLQfieach and every transaction, creating an edit log of each change made In

Company using the audit trail in FY 2024-25.

~^T,^£S,~SSSZZZ:ssr—

° JhaT °^re ?^rta.^{n Chor9es which are} nature, and it involves practical

charges, despite repayment of the underlying loans. The Company is in the

“ ^r,ⁿa,^r:.^d,r^Sito.''^{i0nS and rocos,lng} been made to the comparative period''s
As per Our report of even date

Chartered Accountant ^F°^r ^ °" ^behalf °^f the Board

(Firm Reg. No. 102588W) .

^Sr⁸³"⁹³'' X$g2$T Rushan, Shah Basham shah

"•No. 036247 ?™"^,07?S>w’?^C*^Or Executive Director

£s9 y< w

*"*- Shashlkant., Rathod

^ Chief Financial Officer CWf-J «—*

I....................................... fcv.^f^cuj.aoar,

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Mar 31, 2024

i) PROVISION AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES:

Provisions: Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be regurred to settie the obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance sheet date and are not discounted to its present value.

Contingent Liabilities: Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow cf resources will be reguired to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed. m)£ARNINQ PER SHARES:

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of aquities shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during Che period and for all periods presented Is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change In resources. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

29) Disclosures required under section 22 of the micros, sraafl and medium enterprises development Act 2006

The Company has yet to update the complete list of its suppliers, if any one of those consists any MSME. The company has called from customers but same was responded in few cases Therefore, the dues, if any from the MSME suppliers could not be ascertained and accordingly the interest payable to M$M£ suppliers, outstanding for more than 30 days trom tne date they became payable, could also not be quantified,

3(1} Disclosures pursuant to the Accounting Standard-15 Employee benefit Defined benefit plan - Gratuity Obligations

The Company provides for gratuity, a defined benefit plan (the "Gratudy Plan”) covering eligible employees in acoordanoe with the Payment of Gratuity Act. 1972. The Gratuity Plan provides a lump sum paymont to vosted employees at retirement, deatn, incapacitation or termination of employment, of an amount based on the respective employee’s salary and the tehure of employment.

Defined Contribution Plan

The Company pays provident fund contributions to publicly administered provident funds as per looaf regulatory authorities. Tbe Company has no further obligations once the contributions have been paid. The contributions are accounted for as defined contnbution ptans ano the contributions are recognised as employee benefit expense when they are due.

1} In the opinion of Directors, provisions for all known liabilities have been made in the accounts,

2) Loan & advances, sundry debtors, sundry creditors and other liabilities are subject to confirmation and reconciliation. The balances are therefore as per the books of accounts.

3) Contingent liabilities not provided for in books of accounts for the period ended 31* Marcb, 2024 is Rs.2887.69 Lakhs (P.Y.738.S5 Lakhs) being Bank guaranties issued to various government authorities and Rs. 155.97 Lakhs (P.Y.Rs. 155.97 Lakhs) being income tax disputed liabilities for which company has fiied appeal before appellant authority.

13) The Company has re-grpuped, re-classified, and/or re-arranged figures for previous year, wherever required to confirm with current year''s classification.

As per Our report of even date _ _

For R H A O & Co. ^{For and on behal}* ^{the Board}

Chartered Accountant f \ r a l

(Firm Reg. No. 10258^=^ \ 54^*

%-fcm ^

(Dinesh Bangar) “ “ 11 (Krusharig Shah) (Prasham Shah)

Partner J$lj 1 Managing Director Executive Director

M.No. 036247 DINk0719852| DIN: 09540340

[^( Mumbai) . _ix

Piace: Mumbai l ]$} (DevasKis K Mondal)

Date: 30/05/2024 Chief Financial Officer

ml*

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Mar 31, 2023

Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events,
it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reliably
estimated. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses.

Where there are a number of similar obligations, the likelihood that an outflow will be required in settlement is determined
by considering the class of obligations as a whole. A provision is recognised even if the likelihood of an outflow with
respect to any one item included in the same class of obligations may be small.

Provisions are measured at the present value of management''s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the
present obligation at the end of the reporting period. The discount rate used to determine the present value is a pre-tax
rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability.

Provisions for onerous contracts are recognised when the expected benefits to be derived by the Company from a
contract are lower than the unavoidable costs of meeting the future obligations under the contract. The provision is
measured at the present value of the lower of the expected cost of terminating the contract and the expected net cost
of continuing with the contract. Before a provision is established the Company recognizes any impairment loss on the
assets associated with that contract.

w) Employee benefits

(i) Short-term obligations

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within 12
months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognised in respect of
employees'' services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when
the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.

(ii) Other long-term employee benefit obligations

The liabilities for earned leave and sick leave are not expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the
end of the period in which the employees render the related service. They are therefore measured as the present
value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the end of the
reporting period using the projected unit credit method. The benefits are discounted using the market yields at the
end of the reporting period that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation. Remeasurement
as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in profit or loss.
The obligations are presented as current liabilities in the balance sheet if the entity does not have an unconditional
right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting period, regardless of when the actual settlement
is expected to occur.

(iii) Post-employment obligations

The Company operates the following post-employment schemes:

- Defined benefit plans such as Gratuity and Compensated Absences.

- Defined contribution plan such as Provident fund, Superannuation Fund, Pension fund and National Pension system.
Gratuity

The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit gratuity plans is the present value of
the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit
obligation is calculated annually by actuaries using the projected unit credit method.

The present value of the defined benefit obligation denominated in Rs. is determined by discounting the estimated future
cash outflows by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that have terms
approximating to the terms of the related obligation.

The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and
the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are
recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained
earnings in the Statement of Changes in Equity and in the balance sheet.

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are
recognised immediately in profit or loss as past service cost.

Compensated absences

Liability in respect of compensated absences is provided for both encashable leave and those expected to be availed.
The Company has defined benefit plans for compensated absences for employees, the liability for which is determined
on the basis of an actuarial valuation at the end of the year using projected unit credit method. Any gain or loss arising
out of such valuation is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as income or expense as the case may be.
Accumulated compensated absences, which are expected to be availed within twelve months from the end of the year
are treated as short term employee benefits. The obligation towards the same is measured at the expected undiscounted
cost of accumulated compensated absences expected to be availed based on the unutilised entitlement at the year end.
Provident fund

The Company makes contribution to the "NIIT Limited Employees'' Provident Fund Trust" for certain entities in India,
which is a defined benefit plan to the extent that the Company has an obligation to make good the shortfall, if any,
between the return from the investments of the trust and the notified interest rate. The Company''s obligation in this
regard is actuarially determined using projected unit credit method and provided for if the circumstances indicate that
the Trust may not be able to generate adequate returns to cover the interest rates notified by the Government.

The Company''s contribution towards Provident Fund is charged to Statement of Profit and Loss.

Superannuation fund

The Company makes defined contribution to the Trust established for the purpose by the Company towards
superannuation fund maintained with Life Insurance Corporation of India. The Company has no further obligations
beyond its monthly contributions. Contribution made during the year is charged to Statement of Profit and Loss.
Pension Fund

The Company makes defined contribution to a government administered pension fund towards it''s pension plan on
behalf of its employees. The Company has no further obligations beyond its monthly contributions. The contribution
towards Employee Pension Scheme is charged to Statement of Profit and Loss.

National Pension System

The Company makes defined contribution towards National Pension System for certain employees for which Company
has no further obligation. Contributions made during the year are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss.

x) Share based payments - Employee stock option plan (ESOP)

The Company operates equity settled employee share based employee settled plan. The fair value of options granted
under the ''NIIT Employee Stock Option Plan 2005'' is recognised as an employee benefits expense with a corresponding
increase in equity. The total amount to be expensed is determined by reference to the fair value of the options granted:

• including any market performance conditions (e.g., the entity''s share price)

• excluding the impact of any service and non-market performance vesting conditions (e.g. profitability, sales growth
targets and remaining an employee of the entity over a specified time period), and

• including the impact of any non-vesting conditions (e.g. the requirement for employees to save or holdings shares
for a specific period of time).

The total expense is recognised over the vesting period, which is the period over which all of the specified vesting
conditions are to be satisfied. At the end of each period, the entity revises its estimates of the number of options that
are expected to vest based on the non-market vesting and service conditions. It recognises the impact of the revision to
original estimates, if any, in profit or loss, with a corresponding adjustment to equity.

y) Share capital
Equity share capital

Issuance of ordinary shares are recognised as equity share capital in equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the
issuance of new equity shares are recognised as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects.

z) Dividends

The final dividend on shares is recorded as a liability on the date of approval by the shareholders and interim dividends
are recorded as a liability on the date of declaration by the Company''s Board of Directors.

The Company declares and pays dividends in Indian rupees. Companies are required to pay/distribute dividend after
deducting applicable taxes. The remittance of dividends outside India is governed by Indian law on foreign exchange
and is also subject to withholding tax at applicable rates.

aa) Earnings per share

(i) Basic earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit attributable to owners of the Company by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the financial year.

(ii) Diluted earnings per share

Diluted earnings per share adjusts the figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share to take into account:

• the after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares, and

• the weighted average number of additional equity shares that would have been outstanding assuming the conversion
of all dilutive potential equity shares.

ab) Fair value measurement

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the
transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

- In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

- In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible to/ by the Company.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the
fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement
as a whole:

Level 1: Level 1 hierarchy includes financial instruments measured using quoted prices. This includes listed equity
instruments, traded bonds and mutual funds that have quoted price. The fair value of all equity instruments (including
bonds) which are traded in the stock exchanges is valued using the closing price as at the reporting period. The mutual
funds are valued using the closing net asset value.

Level 2: The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market (for example foreign exchange
forward contracts) is determined using valuation techniques which maximize the use of observable market data and
rely as little as possible on entity-specific estimates. If all significant inputs required to fair value an instrument are
observable, the instrument is included in level 2.

Level 3 : If one or more of the significant inputs is not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in
level 3. This is the case for unlisted equity securities, contingent consideration and indemnification asset included in level

3.

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines
whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by reassessing categorisation (based on the lowest level
input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of
the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.
The Company measures financial instruments, such as, investments (other than investment in subsidiaries), at fair value
at each reporting date.

ac) Critical accounting estimates and judgements

In preparing these financial statements, management has made judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the
application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results
may differ from these estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are
recognised prospectively.

Information about significant areas of estimation/uncertainty and judgements in applying accounting policies that have
the most significant effect on the financial statements are as follows:

- measurement of defined benefit obligations: key actuarial assumptions - refer notes 2w and 26.

- measurement of useful life and residual values of property, plant and equipment -refer note 2o and 3.

- judgement required to determine grant date fair value technique -refer notes 2x and 27.

- fair value measurement of financial instruments - refer notes 2ab and 28.

- judgement required to determine probability of recognition of deferred tax assets - refer note 2g.

There are no assumptions and estimation uncertainties that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment
within the next financial year.

ad) Exceptional items

Exceptional items refer to items of income or expense within the income statement that are of such size, nature or
incidence that their separate disclosure is considered necessary to explain the performance for the period.

Materiality threshold can be used to select items to be disclosed as exceptional on case to case basis. This threshold
would be applied separately for standalone as well as consolidated financial statements. However, in case an item
qualifies for disclosure in standalone financial statements but not in consolidated financial statements or vice versa, this
would need to be evaluated on case to case basis.

Basis the above analysis, mainly following items would be evaluated for disclosure as exceptional items:

a) Business Combination: Impact of one-time accounting policy alignment / unusual write off / impairment of assets
arising as a result of business combination, including transaction cost.

b) Fair valuation gains on business combination.

c) Reassessment / Change in life of asset (in case of re-evaluation of business/product, impact of all assets specific
to that business/product to be considered for applying the threshold).

d) Disputed regulatory / tax levies including tax rate change having retrospective impact (other than impact on
account of restatement of deferred tax asset / liability for tax rate change) — only impact for the past periods to be
disclosed as exceptional.

e) Provision for other than temporary diminution in the value of non-current investment.

f) Shareholders'' dispute settlement arising out of merger / acquisition transactions.

g) Write-downs of inventories to net realisable value or of property, plant and equipment to recoverable amount, as
well as reversals of such write-downs.

h) Restructurings of the activities of an entity and reversals of any provisions for the costs of restructuring.

In case of other significant item of income or expense, not covered above, the same would be evaluated on a case to
case basis for disclosure under exceptional items.

ae) Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations

Non-current assets (or disposal Company) are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered
principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use and a sale is considered highly probable. They
are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less cost to sell, except for assets such as deferred tax
assets, assets arising from employee benefits, financial assets and contractual rights under insurance contracts, which
are specifically exempt from this requirement.

An impairment loss is recognised for any initial or subsequent write-down of the asset (or disposal Company) to fair
value less costs to sell. A gain is recognised for any subsequent increase in fair value less costs sell of an asset (or
disposal Company), but not in excess of any cumulative impairment loss previously recognised. A gain or loss not
previously recognised by the date of the sale of the non-current asset (or disposal Company) is recognised at the date
of derecognition.

Non-current assets (including those that are part of a disposal Company) are not depreciated or amortised while they
are classified as held for sale. Interest and other expenses attributable to the liabilities of a disposal Company classified
as held for sale continue to recognised.

Non-current assets classified as held for sale and the assets of a disposal Company classified as held for sale are
presented separately from the other assets in balance sheet. The liabilities of a disposal Company classified as held for
sale are presented separately from other liabilities in balance sheet.

A discontinued operations is a component of the entity that has been disposed off or is classified as held for sale and
that represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations, is part of a single co-ordinated
plan to dispose off such a line of business or area of operations, or is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to
resale. The results of discontinued operations are presented separately in the statement of profit and loss.