Accounting Policies of Orient Electric Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2025

2. Material accounting policies

a. Basis of preparation

The financial statements of the Company have been
prepared in accordance with Indian Recounting Standards
(inD RS) notified under the section 133 of the Companies
Rct 2013 (the Rct) read with Companies (Indian Accounting
Standards) Rule 2015 (as amended from time to time)
and other relevant provision of the Rct. The financial
statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis,
except for the following assets and liabilities:

i) Certain financial assets and liabilities that are
measured at fair value

ii) Defined benefit plans-plan assets are
measured at fair value

The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (''H'')
and all values are rounded to nearest crore (H 00,00,000)
upto two decimal places, except when otherwise indicated.

b. Current versus non-current classification

The Company segregates assets and liabilities into current
and non-current categories for presentation in the balance
sheet after considering its normal operating cycle and
other criteria set out in Ind RS 1, "Presentation of Financial
Statements". For this purpose, current assets and liabilities
include the current portion of non-current assets and
liabilities respectively.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are always classified
as non-current.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition
of assets for processing and their realization in cash and
cash equivalents. The Company has identified period up to
twelve months as its operating cycle.

c. Property, plant and equipment

Property, Plant and equipment including capital work in
progress are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation
and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost
comprises of purchase price, taxes, duties, freight and
other incidental expenses directly attributable and related
to acquisition and installation of the concerned assets
and are further adjusted by the amount of tax credit
availed wherever applicable. The Company identifies and
determines cost of each component/ part of the asset
separately, if the component/ part have a cost which is
significant to the total cost of the asset and has useful
life that is materially different from that of the remaining
asset. Similarly, when significant parts of plant and
equipment are required to be replaced at intervals or when
a major inspection/overhauling is required to be performed,
such cost of replacement or inspection is capitalised (if the
recognition criteria is satisfied) in the carrying amount of
plant and equipment as a replacement cost or cost of major
inspection/overhauling, as the case may be and depreciated
separately based on their specific useful life. Likewise,
when a major inspection is performed, its cost is recognised
in the carrying amount of the plant and equipment as a
replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. Rll
other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in
statement of profit and loss as incurred. The present value
of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset
after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset
if the recognition criteria for a provision are met.

Subsequent expenditure related to an item of fixed asset
is added to its book value only if it increases the future
benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously
assessed standard of performance. Rll other expenses
on existing fixed assets, including day-to-day repair and

maintenance expenditure and cost of replacing parts, are
charged to the statement of profit and loss for the period
during which such expenses are incurred.

Items of stores and spares that meet the definition of
property, plant and equipment are capitalized at cost and
depreciated over their useful life. Otherwise, such items
are classified as inventories.

An item of property, plant and equipment and any significant
part initially recognised is derecognised upon disposal or
when no future economic benefits are expected from its
use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition
of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net
disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is
included in the statement of profit and loss when the asset
is derecognised

The residual values, useful lives and methods of
depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed
at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively,
if appropriate.

Property, plant and equipment held for sale is valued
at lower of their carrying amount and net realizable
value. Any write-down is recognised in the statement of
profit and loss.

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is provided
on pro-rata basis with reference to the date of addition/
disposal on straight-line method using the useful lives of
the assets estimated by management based on technical
evaluation; these rates are in certain cases differ from the
lives prescribed under Schedule II of the Act.

The Company has used the following useful lives to
provide depreciation:

Leasehold improvements are depreciated over
the lease period.

d. Intangible assets

Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on
initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition,
intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated
amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if
any. Internally generated intangible assets, excluding
capitalized development costs, are not capitalized and
expenditure is reflected in the Statement of Profit and Loss
in the year in which the expenditure is incurred.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either
finite or indefinite.

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortised over
the useful economic lives and assessed for impairment
whenever there is an indication that the intangible
asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and
the amortisation method for an intangible asset with a
finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each
reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or
the expected pattern of consumption of future economic
benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify
the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are
treated as changes in accounting estimates.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not
amortised, but are tested for impairment annually,
either individually or at the cash-generating unit level.
The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually
to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be
supportable. If not, the change in useful life from indefinite
to finite is made on a prospective basis.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible
asset are measured as the difference between the net
disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset
and are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Intangible assets being specialised Software and Technical
Know-how are amortised on a straight line basis over their
useful life (estimated by the management) of 3 to 5 years
and 10 years respectively.

e. Leases

The Company assesses at contract inception whether
a contract is, or contains, a lease. That is, if the contract
conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset
for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

Where the Company is lessee

The Company applies a single recognition and measurement
approach for all leases, except for short-term leases and
leases of low-value assets. The Company recognises lease
liabilities to make lease payments and right-of-use assets
representing the right to use the underlying assets.

(i) Right to use assets

The Company recognises right-of-use assets at the
commencement date of the lease (i.e., the date when
the underlying asset is available for use). Right-of-use
assets are measured at cost, less any accumulated
depreciation and impairment losses, and adjusted
for any remeasurement of lease liabilities. The cost
of right-of-use assets includes the amount of lease
liabilities recognised, initial direct costs incurred, and
lease payments made at or before the commencement
date less any lease incentives received. Right-of-use
assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over
the shorter of the lease term and the estimated
useful lives of the assets, as follows:

If ownership of the leased asset transfers to
the Company at the end of the lease term or the
cost reflects the exercise of a purchase option,
depreciation is calculated using the estimated useful
life of the asset.

The right-of-use assets are also subject to impairment.
Refer to the accounting policies in section (g)
Impairment of non-financial assets.

(ii) Lease Liabilities

At the commencement date of the lease, the Company
recognises lease liabilities measured at the present
value of lease payments to be made over the lease
term. The lease payments include fixed payments
(including in substance fixed payments) less any
lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments
that depend on an index or a rate, and amounts
expected to be paid under residual value guarantees.
The lease payments also include the exercise price of

a purchase option reasonably certain to be exercised
by the Company and payments of penalties for
terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the
Company exercising the option to terminate. Variable
lease payments that do not depend on an index or
a rate are recognised as expenses (unless they
are incurred to produce inventories) in the period
in which the event or condition that triggers the
payment occurs.

In calculating the present value of lease payments,
the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at
the lease commencement date because the interest
rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable.
After the commencement date, the amount of lease
liabilities is increased to reflect the accretion of
interest and reduced for the lease payments made.
In addition, the carrying amount of lease liabilities
is remeasured if there is a modification, a change
in the lease term, a change in the lease payments
(e.g., changes to future payments resulting from a
change in an index or rate used to determine such
lease payments) or a change in the assessment of an
option to purchase the underlying asset.

Where the Company is the lessor-

Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially
all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are
classified as operating leases. Assets subject to operating
leases are included in Property, plant & equipment. Lease
income on an operating lease is recognized in the Statement
of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease
term. Costs, including depreciation, are recognized as an
expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets

The Company applies the short-term lease recognition
exemption to its short-term leases contracts (i.e., those
leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less from
the commencement date and do not contain a purchase
option). It also applies the lease of low-value assets
recognition exemption to leases of office equipment that
are considered to be low value. Lease payments on short¬
term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised
as expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

f. Borrowing costs

Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary
costs incurred in connection with the borrowings and
exchange differences to the extent they are regarded as
an adjustment to the interest cost.

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition
or construction of an asset that necessarily takes a
substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use
are capitalized as part of the cost of the asset. All other
borrowing costs are expensed in the year they occur.

g. Impairment of non-financial assets

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether
there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any
indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for
an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset''s
recoverable amount. An asset''s recoverable amount is
the higher of an asset''s or cash-generating unit''s (CGU)
fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The
recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset,
unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that
are largely independent of those from other assets or
Companies of assets. Where the carrying amount of an
asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is
considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable
amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash
flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax
discount rate that reflects current market assessments of
the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset.
In determining net selling price, recent market transactions
are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions
can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.

The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed
budgets and forecast calculations which are prepared
separately for each of the Company''s cash-generating units
to which the individual assets are allocated. Impairment
losses of continuing operations, including impairment
on inventories, are recognised in the Statement of
Profit and Loss.

For assets, an assessment is made at each reporting date
to determine whether there is an indication that previously
recognised impairment losses no longer exist or have
decreased. If such indication exists, the Company estimates
the asset''s or CGU''s recoverable amount. A previously
recognised impairment loss is reversed only if there has
been a change in the assumptions used to determine the
asset''s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss
was recognised. The reversal is limited so that the carrying
amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable
amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have
been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment
loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. Such
reversal is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for
impairment annually either individually or at the CGU level,
as appropriate, and when circumstances indicate that the
carrying value may be impaired.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised
carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.

h. Government grants

Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized
when there is reasonable assurance that (i) the Company
will comply with the conditions attached to them, and (ii)
the grant/subsidy will be received.

When the grant or subsidy relates to revenue, it is recognized
as income on a systematic basis in the Statement of Profit
and Loss over the periods necessary to match them with
the related costs, which they are intended to compensate.
Where the grant relates to an asset, it is recognised as
income in equal amounts over the expected useful life of
the related asset.

When the Company receives grants of non-monetary
assets, the asset and the grant are recorded at fair value
amounts and released to the Statement of Profit and Loss
over the expected useful life in a pattern of consumption
of the benefit of the underlying asset i.e. by equal annual
instalments. When loans or similar assistance are provided
by governments or related institutions, with an interest
rate below the current applicable market rate, the effect of
this favourable interest is regarded as a government grant.
The loan or assistance is initially recognised and measured
at fair value and the government grant is measured as
the difference between the initial carrying value of the
loan and the proceeds received. The loan is subsequently
measured as per the accounting policy applicable to
financial liabilities.

i. Inventories

Raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued
at lower of cost and net realizable value. However,
materials and other items held for use in the production
of inventories are not written down below cost if the
finished products in which they will be incorporated are
expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost of raw materials,
components, stores and spares is determined on moving
weighted average method.

Work-in-progress and finished goods are valued at lower of
cost and net realizable value. Cost includes direct materials
and labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads

based on normal operating capacity. Cost of finished goods
is determined on standard cost basis.

Traded goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable
value. Cost of purchase and other costs in bringing the
inventories to their present location and condition. Cost of
traded goods is determined on weighted average basis.

Saleable scrap, whose cost is not identifiable, is valued at
net realisable value.

Stores and Spares which do not meet the definition of
property, plant and equipment are accounted as inventories.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the
ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of
completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

j. Revenue from contract with customers

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised
when control of the goods are transferred to the customer
at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the
Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods.
The Company has generally concluded that it is the principal
in its revenue arrangements because it typically controls the
goods before transferring them to the customer.

The disclosures of significant accounting judgements,
estimates and assumptions relating to revenue from
contracts with customers are provided in Note 2.1.

Sale of Goods

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised at the point
in time when control of the goods is transferred to the
customer, generally on delivery of the goods.

The Company considers whether there are other
promises in the contract that are separate performance
obligations to which a portion of the transaction price
needs to be allocated (e.g., warranties, Sales points). In
determining the transaction price for the sale of goods, the
Company considers the effects of variable consideration,
the existence of significant financing components,
noncash consideration, and consideration payable to the
customer (if any).

Variable consideration

If the consideration in a contract includes a variable amount,
the Company estimates the amount of consideration to
which it will be entitled in exchange for transferring the
goods to the customer. The variable consideration is

estimated at contract inception and constrained until it
is highly probable that a significant revenue reversal in
the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not
occur when the associated uncertainty with the variable
consideration is subsequently resolved. Some contracts for
the sale of goods provide customers with volume rebates.
The volume rebates give rise to variable consideration.

- Volume rebates

The Company provides retrospective volume rebates
to certain customers once the quantity of products
purchased during the period exceeds a threshold
specified in the contract. Rebates are offset against
amounts payable by the customer. To estimate the
variable consideration for the expected future rebates,
the Company applies the most likely amount method
for contracts with a single-volume threshold and the
expected value method for contracts with more than
one volume threshold. The selected method that
best predicts the amount of variable consideration is
primarily driven by the number of volume thresholds
contained in the contract. The Company then
applies the requirements on constraining estimates
of variable consideration and recognises a refund
liability for the expected future rebates.

- Significant financing component

The Company receives short-term advances from its
customers. Using the practical expedient in Ind AS 115,
the Company does not adjust the promised amount of
consideration for the effects of a significant financing
component if it expects, at contract inception, that the
period between the transfer of the promised goods to
the customer and when the customer pays for that
goods will be one year or less.

Warranty obligations

The Company typically provides warranties for general
repairs of defects that existed at the time of sale, as
required by law. These assurance-type warranties are
accounted for under Ind AS 37 Provisions, Contingent
Liabilities and Contingent Assets. Refer to the accounting
policy on warranty provisions.

In some contracts, the Company provides warranty to the
customers. The warranty is accounted for as a separate
performance obligation and a portion of the transaction
price is allocated. The performance obligation for the
warranty service is satisfied based on time elapsed.

Sales points programme

The Company has a sales point programme, which allows
customers to accumulate points that can be redeemed
for free products. The sales points give rise to a separate
performance obligation as they provide a material right
to the customer. A portion of the transaction price is
allocated to the sales points awarded to customers based
on relative stand-alone selling price and recognised as a
contract liability until the points are redeemed. Revenue is
recognised upon redemption of points by the customer.

When estimating the stand-alone selling price of the sales
points, the Company considers the likelihood that the
customer will redeem the points. The Company updates its
estimates of the points that will be redeemed on a quarterly
basis and any adjustments to the contract liability balance
are charged against revenue.

Sales of Services

Revenue from installation and maintenance services are
recognised at point of time upon completion of services.

Trade receivables

A receivable represents the Company''s right to an
amount of consideration that is unconditional (i.e., only
the passage of time is required before payment of the
consideration is due). Refer to accounting policies of
financial assets - ''financial instruments - initial recognition
and subsequent measurement''.

Contract liabilities

A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods
to a customer for which the Company has received
consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from
the customer. If a customer pays consideration before
the Company transfers goods to the customer, a contract
liability is recognised when the payment is made or the
payment is due (whichever is earlier). Contract liabilities
are recognised as revenue when the Company performs
under the contract.

Refund liabilities

A refund liability is the obligation to refund some or all
of the consideration received (or receivable) from the
customer and is measured at the amount the Company
ultimately expects it will have to return to the customer.
The Company updates its estimates of refund liabilities
(and the corresponding change in the transaction price) at
the end of each reporting period. Refer to above accounting
policy on variable consideration.

k. Other revenue streams

- Interest Income

For all debt instruments measured either at amortised
cost or at fair value through other comprehensive
income, interest income is recorded using the
effective interest rate (EIR). EIR is the rate that
exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments
or receipts over the expected life of the financial
instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate,
to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset
or to the amortised cost of a financial liability. When
calculating the effective interest rate, the Company
estimates the expected cash flows by considering
all the contractual terms of the financial instrument
(for example, prepayment, extension, call and similar
options) but does not consider the expected credit
losses. Interest income is included in other income in
the statement of profit and loss.

- Export Benefits

Export benefits arising from Duty Drawback scheme,
Merchandise Export Incentive Scheme, Focus Market
Scheme are recognised on shipment of direct exports.
Revenue from exports benefits measured at the fair
value of consideration received or receivable.

l. Foreign currency transactions and balances

The financial statements are presented in H, which is the
Company''s functional currency.

Foreign currency transactions are initially recorded at
functional currency''s spot rates at the date the transaction
first qualifies for recognition.

Foreign currency monetary items are translated using the
functional currency spot rates prevailing at the reporting
date. non-monetary items, which are measured in terms
of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency,
are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the
transaction. non-monetary items, which are measured
at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a
foreign currency, are translated using the exchange rate at
the date when such value was determined.

Exchange differences arising on the settlement or translation
of monetary items are recognized in the Statement of
Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise.

m. Employee benefits

i. Short-term obligations

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non¬
monetary benefits that are expected to be settled
wholly within twelve months after the end of the
period in which the employees render the related
service are recognised in respect of employee service
upto the end of the reporting period and are measured
at the amount expected to be paid when the liabilities
are settled. The liabilities are presented as current
employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.

ii. Other long-term employee benefit obligations
- Gratuity

Gratuity liability is defined benefit obligation
and is provided for on the basis of an actuarial
valuation on projected unit credit (PUC) method
made at the end of each financial year. The
Company''s gratuity fund scheme is managed
by trust maintained with Insurance companies
to cover the gratuity liability of the employees
and premium paid to such insurance companies
is charged to the statement of profit and loss.

Remeasurements, comprising of actuarial gains
and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling,
excluding amounts included in net interest on
the net defined benefit liability and the return
on plan assets (excluding amounts included in
net interest on the net defined benefit liability),
are recognised immediately in the balance sheet
with a corresponding debit or credit to retained
earnings through OCI in the period in which they
occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to
profit or loss in subsequent periods.

Net interest is calculated by applying the
discount rate to the net defined benefit liability
or asset. The Company recognises the following
changes in the net defined benefit obligation as
an expense in the statement of profit and loss:

• Service costs comprising current
service costs, past-service costs, gains
and losses on curtailments and non¬
routine settlements

• Net interest expense or income

- Provident fund and Superannuation fund

Retirement benefit in the form of Provident
Fund, ESI and Superannuation Fund are defined
contribution schemes. The Company has no
obligation, other than the contribution payable to
the fund. The Company recognizes contribution
payable through provident fund scheme as an
expense, when an employee renders the related
services. If the contribution payable to scheme
for service received before the balance sheet
date exceeds the contribution already paid, the
deficit payable to the scheme is recognised as
liability after deducting the contribution already
paid. If the contribution already paid exceeds the
contribution due for services received before the
balance sheet date, then excess is recognised
as an asset to the extent that the prepayment
will lead to, for example, a reduction in future
payment or a cash refund.

- Compensated Rbsences

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be
utilized within the next 12 months, is treated
as short-term employee benefit. The Company
measures the expected cost of such absences
as the additional amount that it expects to pay
as a result of the unused entitlement that has
accumulated at the reporting date.

The Company treats accumulated leave expected
to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as
long-term employee benefit for measurement
purposes. Such long-term compensated absences
are provided for based on the actuarial valuation
using the projected unit credit method at the
year-end. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately
taken to the Statement of Profit and Loss and
are not deferred. The Company presents the
leave as a current liability in the balance sheet,
to the extent it does not have an unconditional
right to defer its settlement for 12 months after
the reporting date. Where Company has the
unconditional legal and contractual right to defer
the settlement for a period beyond 12 months,
the same is presented as non-current liability.

n. Share based payments

Employees (including senior executives) of the Company
receive remuneration in the form of share-based payments,
whereby employees render services as consideration for
equity instruments (equity-settled transactions).

Equity-settled transactions

The cost of equity-settled transactions is determined by
the fair value at the date when the grant is made using
an appropriate valuation model. That cost is recognised
as employee benefits expense in the statement of profit
and loss together with a corresponding increase in other
equity as ''Share based payments reserve'' in lines with
requirement as per Ind RS 102 (Share based payments),
over the period in which the performance and/or service
conditions are fulfilled. The cumulative expense recognised
for equity settled transactions at each reporting date until
the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting
period has expired and the Company''s best estimate of
the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest.
The statement of profit and loss expense or credit for a
period represents the movement in cumulative expense
recognised as at the beginning and end of that period and
is recognised in employee benefits expense.

Service and non-market performance conditions are not
taken into account when determining the grant date fair
value of awards, but the likelihood of the conditions being
met is assessed as part of the Company''s best estimate
of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately
vest. Market performance conditions are reflected within
the grant date fair value. Rny other conditions attached to
an award, but without an associated service requirement,
are considered to be non-vesting conditions. non-vesting
conditions are reflected in the fair value of an award and
lead to an immediate expensing of an award unless there
are also service and/or performance conditions.

no expense is recognised for awards that do not ultimately
vest because non-market performance and/or service
conditions have not been met. Where awards include a
market or non-vesting condition, the transactions are
treated as vested irrespective of whether the market or
non-vesting condition is satisfied, provided that all other
performance and/or service conditions are satisfied.

When the terms of an equity-settled award are modified,
the minimum expense recognised is the expense had the
terms had not been modified, if the original terms of the
award are met. Rn additional expense is recognised for any
modification that increases the total fair value of the share-
based payment transaction, or is otherwise beneficial to the
employee as measured at the date of modification. Where
an award is cancelled by the entity or by the counterparty,
any remaining element of the fair value of the award is
expensed immediately through profit or loss.

The dilutive effect of outstanding options is reflected as
additional share dilution in the computation of diluted
earnings per share.

o. Income taxes

Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current
income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid
to or recovered from the taxation authorities. The tax rates
and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that
are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date.
Current income tax relating to items recognised outside
Statement of Profit and Loss is recognised outside Statement
of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income
or in equity). Management periodically evaluates positions
taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which
applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and
establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on
temporary differences between the tax bases of assets
and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial
reporting purposes at the reporting date. Deferred tax is
measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or
substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax
relating to items recognised outside Statement of Profit
and Loss is recognised outside Statement of Profit and
Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable
temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized
for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward
of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred
tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable
that taxable profit will be available against which the
deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of
unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed
at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it
is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be
available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be
utilised. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are re-assessed
at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent
that it has become probable that future taxable profits will
allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

p. Segment reporting
Identification of segments

The Company''s operating businesses are organized and
managed separately according to the nature of products

and services provided, with each segment representing a
strategic business unit that offers different products and
serves different markets. The analysis of geographical
segments is based on the areas in which the customers of
the Company are located.

Rilocation of common costs

Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment
on a case to case basis applying the ratio, appropriate
to each relevant case. Revenue and expenses, which
relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable
to segment on a reasonable basis, are included under the
head "Unallocated".

Unallocated items

Unallocated items include general corporate income
and expense items which are not allocated to any
business segment.

Segment accounting policies

The Company prepares its segment information in
conformity with the accounting policies adopted for
preparing and presenting the financial statements of the
Company as a whole.

q. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing
the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity
shareholders by the weighted average number of equity
shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share,
the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity
shareholders and the weighted average number of shares
outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of
all dilutive potential equity shares.

---

Mar 31, 2024

1. Corporate information

The Company was incorporated on October 10, 2016 and was a subsidiary of Orient Paper & Industries Ltd. (OPIL). R scheme of arrangement was filed with the national Company Law Tribunal to demerge the consumer electric business of the holding Company (OPIL) by transferring the same on a going concern basis to the Company w.e.f. March 1, 2017, which was subsequently approved by the national Company Law Tribunal.

Pursuant to Scheme of Arrangement, shares held by the demerged Company were cancelled and post demerger, the Company is no more a subsidiary of OPIL.

The Company is a public company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Rct applicable in India. The Company shares are listed on two recognised stock exchanges in India. The registered office of the Company is located at Unit VIII, Plot 7, Bhoinagar, Bhubneswar, Odisha.

The Company is primarily engaged in manufacture/purchase and sale of Electrical Consumer Durables, Lighting & Switchgear products. The Company presently has manufacturing facilities at Faridabad, noida and Kolkata.

These financial statements were authorised for issue in accordance with a resolution of the Board of Directors on May 09, 2024.

2. Material accounting policiesa. Basis of preparation

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (InD RS) notified under the section 133 of the Companies Rct 2013 (the Rct) read with Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rule 2015 (as amended from time to time) and other relevant provision of the Rct. The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the following assets and liabilities:

i) Certain financial assets and liabilities that is measured at fair value

ii) Defined benefit plans-plan assets are measured at fair value

The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (''InR'') and all values are rounded to nearest crore (InR 00,00,000) upto two decimal places, except when otherwise indicated.

b. Current versus non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current / non- current classification. Rn asset is treated as current when it is:

- Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle

- Held primarily for purpose of trading

- Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or

- cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

Rll other assets are classified as non-current.

R liability is current when:

- It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle

- It is held primarily for purpose of trading

- It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

Fill other liabilities are classified as non-current.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are classified as non- current assets and liabilities.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.

c. Property, plant and equipment

Property, Plant and equipment including capital work in progress are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises of purchase price, taxes, duties, freight and other incidental expenses directly attributable and related to acquisition and installation of the concerned assets and are further adjusted by the amount of tax credit availed wherever applicable. The Company identifies and determines cost of each component/ part of the asset separately, if the component/ part have a cost which is significant to the total cost of the asset and has useful life that is materially different from that of the remaining asset. Similarly, when significant parts of plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals or when a major inspection/overhauling is required to be performed, such cost of replacement or inspection is capitalised (if the recognition criteria is satisfied) in the carrying amount of plant and equipment as a replacement cost or cost of major inspection/overhauling, as the case may be and depreciated separately based on their specific useful life. Likewise, when a major inspection is performed, its cost is recognised in the carrying amount of the plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in statement of profit and loss as incurred. The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision are met.

Subsequent expenditure related to an item of fixed asset is added to its book value only if it increases the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance. All other expenses on existing fixed assets, including day-to-day repair and maintenance expenditure and cost of replacing parts, are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the period during which such expenses are incurred.

Items of stores and spares that meet the definition of property, plant and equipment are capitalized at cost and depreciated over their useful life. Otherwise, such items are classified as inventories.

Rn item of property, plant and equipment and any significant part initially recognised is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Rny gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

Property, plant and equipment held for sale is valued at lower of their carrying amount and net realizable value. Rny write-down is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the date of addition / disposal on straight-line method using the useful lives of the assets estimated by management based on technical evaluation; these rates are in certain cases differ from the lives prescribed under Schedule II of the Rct.

The Company has used the following useful lives to provide depreciation:

Class of Asset	Useful Lives as per Schedule II	Useful Lives estimated by the management (years)
Factory Buildings	30	30
non-Factory Buildings	60	5 to 60
Plant and equipment	15	3 to 25
Furniture & Fixtures	10	3 to 10

Class of Asset	Useful Lives as per Schedule II	Useful Lives estimated by the management (years)
Computers (included in office equipment)	3 to 6	3
Office Equipment	5	5
Vehicles	8	8
Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the lease period.

d. Intangible assets

Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Internally generated intangible assets, excluding capitalized development costs, are not capitalized and expenditure is reflected in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which the expenditure is incurred.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite.

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortised over the useful economic lives and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortised, but are tested for impairment annually, either individually or at the cash-generating unit level. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in useful life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Intangible assets being specialised Software and Technical Know-how are amortised on a straight line basis over their useful life (estimated by the management) of 3 to 5 years and 10 years respectively.

e. Leases

The Company assesses at contract inception whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. That is, if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

Where the Company is lessee

The Company applies a single recognition and measurement approach for all leases, except for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognises lease liabilities to make lease payments and right-of-use assets representing the right to use the underlying assets.

(i) Right to use assets

The Company recognises right-of-use assets at the commencement date of the lease (i.e., the date when the underlying asset is available for use). Right-of-use assets are measured at cost, less any accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, and adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liabilities. The cost of right-of-use assets includes the amount of lease liabilities recognised, initial direct costs incurred, and lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any

lease incentives received. Right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows:

	Useful Lives
Class of asset	estimated by the management (years)
Leased Premises	2-10
Leased broadband line	9

If ownership of the leased asset transfers to the Company at the end of the lease term or the cost reflects the exercise of a purchase option, depreciation is calculated using the estimated useful life of the asset.

The right-of-use assets are also subject to impairment. Refer to the accounting policies in section (g) Impairment of nonfinancial assets.

(ii) Lease Liabilities

At the commencement date of the lease, the Company recognises lease liabilities measured at the present value of lease payments to be made over the lease term. The lease payments include fixed payments (including in substance fixed payments) less any lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, and amounts expected to be paid under residual value guarantees. The lease payments also include the exercise price of a purchase option reasonably certain to be exercised by the Company and payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the Company exercising the option to terminate. Variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or a rate are recognised as expenses (unless they are incurred to produce inventories) in the period in which the event or condition that triggers the payment occurs.

In calculating the present value of lease payments, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date because the interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. After the commencement date, the amount of lease liabilities is increased to reflect the accretion of interest and reduced for the lease payments made. In addition, the carrying amount of lease liabilities is remeasured if there is a modification, a change in the lease term, a change in the lease payments (e.g., changes to future payments resulting from a change in an index or rate used to determine such lease payments) or a change in the assessment of an option to purchase the underlying asset.

Where the Company is the lessor-

Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Assets subject to operating leases are included in Property, plant & equipment. Lease income on an operating lease is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Costs, including depreciation, are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets

The Company applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to its short-term leases contracts (i.e., those leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less from the commencement date and do not contain a purchase option). It also applies the lease of low-value assets recognition exemption to leases of office equipment that are considered to be low value. Lease payments on short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised as expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

f. Borrowing costs

Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the borrowings and exchange differences to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition or construction of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are capitalized as part of the cost of the asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the year they occur.

g. Impairment of non-financial assets

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset''s recoverable amount. An asset''s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s or cash-generating unit''s (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or Companies of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining net selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.

The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and forecast calculations which are prepared separately for each of the Company''s cash-generating units to which the individual assets are allocated. Impairment losses of continuing operations, including impairment on inventories, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

For assets, an assessment is made at each reporting date to determine whether there is an indication that previously recognised impairment losses no longer exist or have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company estimates the asset''s or CGU''s recoverable amount. A previously recognised impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset''s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognised. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment annually either individually or at the CGU level, as appropriate, and when circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.

h. Government grants

Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that (i) the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them, and (ii) the grant/subsidy will be received.

When the grant or subsidy relates to revenue, it is recognized as income on a systematic basis in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the periods necessary to match them with the related costs, which they are intended to compensate. Where the grant relates to an asset, it is recognised as income in equal amounts over the expected useful life of the related asset.

When the Company receives grants of non-monetary assets, the asset and the grant are recorded at fair value amounts and released to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the expected useful life in a pattern of consumption of the benefit of the underlying asset i.e. by equal annual instalments. When loans or similar assistance are provided by governments or related institutions, with an interest rate below the current applicable market rate, the effect of this favourable interest is regarded as a government grant. The loan or assistance is initially recognised and measured at fair value and the government grant is measured as the difference between the initial carrying value of the loan and the proceeds received. The loan is subsequently measured as per the accounting policy applicable to financial liabilities.

i. Inventories

Raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. However, materials and other items held for use in the production of inventories are not written down below cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost of raw materials, components, stores and spares is determined on moving weighted average method.

Work-in-progress and finished goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes direct materials and labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating capacity. Cost of finished goods is determined on standard cost basis.

Traded goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of purchase and other costs in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost of traded goods is determined on weighted average basis.

Saleable scrap, whose cost is not identifiable, is valued at net realisable value.

Stores and Spares which do not meet the definition of property, plant and equipment are accounted as inventories.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

j. Revenue from contract with customers

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when control of the goods are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods. The Company has generally concluded that it is the principal in its revenue arrangements because it typically controls the goods before transferring them to the customer.

The disclosures of significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions relating to revenue from contracts with customers are provided in Note 2.1.

Sale of Goods

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised at the point in time when control of the goods is transferred to the customer, generally on delivery of the goods.

The Company considers whether there are other promises in the contract that are separate performance obligations to which a portion of the transaction price needs to be allocated (e.g., warranties, Sales points). In determining the transaction price for the sale of goods, the Company considers the effects of variable consideration, the existence of significant financing components, noncash consideration, and consideration payable to the customer (if any).

Variable consideration

If the consideration in a contract includes a variable amount, the Company estimates the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled in exchange for transferring the goods to the customer. The variable consideration is estimated at contract inception and constrained until it is highly probable that a significant revenue reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not occur when the associated uncertainty with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Some contracts for the sale of goods provide customers with volume rebates. The volume rebates give rise to variable consideration.

- Volume rebates

The Company provides retrospective volume rebates to certain customers once the quantity of products purchased during the period exceeds a threshold specified in the contract. Rebates are offset against amounts payable by the customer. To estimate the variable consideration for the expected future rebates, the Company applies the most likely amount method for contracts with a single-volume threshold and the expected value method for contracts with more than one volume threshold. The selected method that best predicts the amount of variable consideration is primarily driven by the number of volume thresholds contained in the contract. The Company then applies the requirements on constraining estimates of variable consideration and recognises a refund liability for the expected future rebates.

- Significant financing component

The Company receives short-term advances from its customers. Using the practical expedient in Ind AS 115, the Company does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if it expects, at contract inception, that the period between the transfer of the promised goods to the customer and when the customer pays for that goods will be one year or less.

Warranty obligations

The Company typically provides warranties for general repairs of defects that existed at the time of sale, as required by law. These assurance-type warranties are accounted for under Ind AS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets. Refer to the accounting policy on warranty provisions.

In some contracts, the Company provides warranty to the customers. The warranty is accounted for as a separate performance obligation and a portion of the transaction price is allocated. The performance obligation for the warranty service is satisfied based on time elapsed.

Sales points programme

The Company has a sales point programme, which allows customers to accumulate points that can be redeemed for free products. The sales points give rise to a separate performance obligation as they provide a material right to the customer. A portion of the transaction price is allocated to the sales points awarded to customers based on relative stand-alone selling price and recognised as a contract liability until the points are redeemed. Revenue is recognised upon redemption of products by the customer.

When estimating the stand-alone selling price of the sales points, the Company considers the likelihood that the customer will redeem the points. The Company updates its estimates of the points that will be redeemed on a quarterly basis and any adjustments to the contract liability balance are charged against revenue.

Sales of Services

Revenue from installation and maintenance services are recognised at point of time upon completion of services.

Trade receivables

A receivable represents the Company''s right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional (i.e., only the passage of time is required before payment of the consideration is due). Refer to accounting policies of financial assets - ''financial instruments

- initial recognition and subsequent measurement''.

Contract liabilities

A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods to a customer for which the Company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Company transfers goods to the customer, a contract liability is recognised when the payment is made or the payment is due (whichever is earlier). Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the Company performs under the contract.

Refund liabilities

A refund liability is the obligation to refund some or all of the consideration received (or receivable) from the customer and is measured at the amount the Company ultimately expects it will have to return to the customer. The Company updates its estimates of refund liabilities (and the corresponding change in the transaction price) at the end of each reporting period. Refer to above accounting policy on variable consideration.

k. Other revenue streams

- Interest Income

For all debt instruments measured either at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income, interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR). EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset or to the amortised cost of a financial liability. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example, prepayment, extension, call and similar options) but does not consider the expected credit losses. Interest income is included in other income in the statement of profit and loss.

- Export Benefits

Export benefits arising from Duty Drawback scheme, Merchandise Export Incentive Scheme, Focus Market Scheme are recognised on shipment of direct exports. Revenue from exports benefits measured at the fair value of consideration received or receivable.

l. Foreign currency transactions and balances

The financial statements are presented in INR, which is the Company''s functional currency.

Foreign currency transactions are initially recorded at functional currency''s spot rates at the date the transaction first qualifies for recognition.

Foreign currency monetary items are translated using the functional currency spot rates prevailing at the reporting date. Nonmonetary items, which are measured in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency, are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary items, which are measured at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency, are translated using the exchange rate at the date when such value was determined.

Exchange differences arising on the settlement or translation of monetary items are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise.

m. Employee benefits

i. Short-term obligations

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognised in respect of employee service upto the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amount expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.

ii. Other long-term employee benefit obligations

- Gratuity

Gratuity liability is defined benefit obligation and is provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit (PUC) method made at the end of each financial year. The Company''s gratuity fund scheme is managed by trust maintained with Insurance companies to cover the gratuity liability of the employees and premium paid to such insurance companies is charged to the statement of profit and loss.

Remeasurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognised immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The Company recognises the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss:

• Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailments and nonroutine settlements

• Net interest expense or income

- Provident fund and Superannuation fund

Retirement benefit in the form of Provident Fund, ESI and Superannuation Fund are defined contribution schemes. The Company has no obligation, other than the contribution payable to the fund. The Company recognizes contribution payable through provident fund scheme as an expense, when an employee renders the related services. If the contribution payable to scheme for service received before the balance sheet date exceeds the contribution already

paid, the deficit payable to the scheme is recognised as liability after deducting the contribution already paid. If the contribution already paid exceeds the contribution due for services received before the balance sheet date, then excess is recognised as an asset to the extent that the prepayment will lead to, for example, a reduction in future payment or a cash refund.

- Compensated Rbsences

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12 months, is treated as short-term employee benefit. The Company measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date.

The Company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long-term employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the year-end. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to the Statement of Profit and Loss and are not deferred. The Company presents the leave as a current liability in the balance sheet, to the extent it does not have an unconditional right to defer its settlement for 12 months after the reporting date. Where Company has the unconditional legal and contractual right to defer the settlement for a period beyond 12 months, the same is presented as non-current liability.

n. Share based payments

Employees (including senior executives) of the Company receive remuneration in the form of share-based payments, whereby employees render services as consideration for equity instruments (equity-settled transactions).

Equity-settled transactions

The cost of equity-settled transactions is determined by the fair value at the date when the grant is made using an appropriate valuation model. That cost is recognised as employee benefits expense in the statement of profit and loss together with a corresponding increase in other equity as ''Share based payments reserve'' in lines with requirement as per Ind AS 102 (Share based payments), over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled. The cumulative expense recognised for equity settled transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period has expired and the Company''s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The statement of profit and loss expense or credit for a period represents the movement in cumulative expense recognised as at the beginning and end of that period and is recognised in employee benefits expense.

Service and non-market performance conditions are not taken into account when determining the grant date fair value of awards, but the likelihood of the conditions being met is assessed as part of the Company''s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. Market performance conditions are reflected within the grant date fair value. Any other conditions attached to an award, but without an associated service requirement, are considered to be non-vesting conditions. non-vesting conditions are reflected in the fair value of an award and lead to an immediate expensing of an award unless there are also service and/or performance conditions.

no expense is recognised for awards that do not ultimately vest because non-market performance and/or service conditions have not been met. Where awards include a market or non-vesting condition, the transactions are treated as vested irrespective of whether the market or non-vesting condition is satisfied, provided that all other performance and/or service conditions are satisfied.

When the terms of an equity-settled award are modified, the minimum expense recognised is the expense had the terms had not been modified, if the original terms of the award are met. An additional expense is recognised for any modification that increases the total fair value of the share-based payment transaction, or is otherwise beneficial to the employee as measured at the date of modification. Where an award is cancelled by the entity or by the counterparty, any remaining element of the fair value of the award is expensed immediately through profit or loss.

The dilutive effect of outstanding options is reflected as additional share dilution in the computation of diluted earnings per share.

o. Income taxes

Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to or recovered from the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss is recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss is recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

p. Segment reporting Identification of segments

The Company''s operating businesses are organized and managed separately according to the nature of products and services provided, with each segment representing a strategic business unit that offers different products and serves different markets. The analysis of geographical segments is based on the areas in which the customers of the Company are located.

Rllocation of common costs

Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment on a case to case basis applying the ratio, appropriate to each relevant case. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segment on a reasonable basis, are included under the head "Unallocated".

Unallocated items

Unallocated items include general corporate income and expense items which are not allocated to any business segment. Segment accounting policies

The Company prepares its segment information in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for preparing and presenting the financial statements of the Company as a whole.

q. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

r. Provisions and contingent liabilities

- General Provisions

R provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. These estimates are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.

- Warranty Provisions

Provisions for warranty-related costs are recognised when the product is sold or service provided. Provision is based on technical estimates by the management based on past trends. The estimate of such warranty-related costs is revised annually.

- Contingent liabilities

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognised because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognised because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.

Provisions, contingent liabilities, contingent assets and commitments are reviewed at each balance sheet date.

s. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

t. Financial instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.

i. Financial Assets

Initial recognition and measurement

All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Financial assets are classified, at initial recognition and subsequently measured at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (OCI), and fair value through profit or loss.

The classification of financial assets at initial recognition depends on the financial asset''s contractual cash flow characteristics and the Company''s business model for managing them. With the exception of trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Company has applied the practical expedient, the Company initially measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs. Trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Company has applied the practical expedient are measured at the transaction price determined under Ind AS 115. Refer to the accounting policies on Revenue from contracts with customers.

In order for a financial asset to be classified and measured at amortised cost or fair value through OCI, it needs to give rise to cash flows that are ''solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI)'' on the principal amount outstanding. This assessment is referred to as the SPPI test and is performed at an instrument level.

The Company''s business model for managing financial assets refers to how it manages its financial assets in order to generate cash flows. The business model determines whether cash flows will result from collecting contractual cash flows, selling the financial assets, or both.

Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular way trades) are recognised on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset.

Subsequent measurement

For purposes of subsequent measurement financial assets are classified in following categories:

- Debt instruments at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)

- Debt instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

- Debt instruments at amortized cost

- Equity instruments

Where assets are measured at fair value, gains and losses are either recognised entirely in the statement of profit and loss (i.e. fair value through profit or loss), or recognised in other comprehensive income (i.e. fair value through other comprehensive income). For investment in debt instruments, this will depend on the business model in which the investment is held. For investment in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for equity instruments at FVTOCI.

Debt instruments at amortized cost

A Debt instrument is measured at amortized cost if both the following conditions are met:

- The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and

- Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and

interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

This category is most relevant to the Company. After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of EIR. EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument but does not consider the expected credit losses. The EIR amortization is included in finance income in profit or loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the profit or loss. This category generally applies to trade and other receivables.

Debt instruments at fair value through OCI

A Debt instrument is measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if following criteria are met:

- Business Model Test: The objective of financial instrument is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and for selling financial assets.

- Cash flow characteristics test: The contractual terms of the Debt instrument give rise on specific dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on principal amount outstanding.

Debt instrument included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognised in the other comprehensive income (OCI), except for the recognition of interest income, impairment gains or losses and foreign exchange gains or losses which are recognised in statement of profit and loss. On derecognition of asset, cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from the equity to

statement of profit and loss. Interest earned whilst holding FVTOCI financial asset is reported as interest income using the EIR method.

Debt instruments at FVTPL

FVTPL is a residual category for financial instruments. Any financial instrument, which does not meet the criteria for amortized cost or FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL. In addition, the Company may elect to designate a debt instrument, which otherwise meets amortized cost or FVTOCI criteria, as at FVTPL. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ''accounting mismatch''). The Company has not designated any debt instrument as at FVTPL.

Debt instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Investments in mutual funds

Investment in mutual funds are measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL).

Equity Investment

All equity investments in scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading and contingent consideration recognised by an acquirer in a business combination to which Ind AS 103 applies are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.

If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to P&L, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.

Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the P&L. Derecognition

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a Company of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognised (i.e. removed from the Company''s statement of financial position) when:

- The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

- the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the

received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a "pass through" arrangement and either;

- the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial assets or

- the Company has retained the contractual right to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a

contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

Where the Company has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the financial assets. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the entity has not transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the financial assets, the financial asset is not derecognised.

Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.

In accordance with inD RS 109, the Company applies expected credit losses (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial asset and credit risk exposure:

- Financial assets that are debt instruments, and are measured at amortised cost e.g., loans, debt securities, deposits, trade receivables and bank balance,

- Financial assets that are debt instruments and are measured as at FVTOCI;

The Company follows "simplified approach" for recognition of impairment loss allowance on:

- Trade receivables or contract revenue receivables;

- All lease receivables resulting from the transactions within the scope of IND AS 116

Under the simplified approach, the Company does not track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognizes impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition. The Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on the portfolio of trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of trade receivable and is adjusted for forward looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the forward looking estimates are analysed.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the Company reverts to recognizing impairment loss allowance based on 12- months ECL.

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. When estimating the cash flows, an entity is required to consider:

- All contractual terms of the financial instrument (including prepayment, extension, call and similar options) over the expected life of the financial instrument.

As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on portfolio of its trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivables and is adjusted for forward-looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the forward-looking estimates are analysed.

ii. Financial liabilities:

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are classified at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs. The Company financial liabilities include loans and borrowings including bank overdraft, trade payables, trade deposits, retention money, and liabilities towards services, sales incentive and other payables.

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Trade Payables

These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period. They are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using EIR method.

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term.

Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at the initial date of recognition,

---

Mar 31, 2023

1. Corporate information

The Company was incorporated on October 10, 2016 and was a subsidiary of Orient Paper & Industries Ltd. (OPIL). R scheme of arrangement was filed with the national Company Law Tribunal to demerge the consumer electric business of the holding Company (OPIL) by transferring the same on a going concern basis to the Company w.e.f. March 1, 2017, which was subsequently approved by the national Company Law Tribunal.

Pursuant to Scheme of Arrangement, shares held by the demerged Company were cancelled and post demerger, the Company is no more a subsidiary of OPIL.

The Company is a public company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Rct applicable in India. The Company shares are listed on two recognised stock exchanges in India. The registered office of the Company is located at Unit VIII, Plot 7, Bhoinagar, Bhubneswar, Odisha.

The Company is primarily engaged in manufacture/purchase and sale of Electrical Consumer Durables, Lighting & Switchgear products. The Company presently has manufacturing facilities at Faridabad, noida and Kolkata.

These financial statements were authorised for issue in accordance with a resolution of the Board of Directors on May 12, 2023.

2. Significant accounting policies

a. Basis of preparation

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (InD RS) notified under the section 133 of the Companies Rct 2013 (the Rct) read with Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rule 2015 (as amended from time to time) and other relevant provision of the Rct. The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the following assets and liabilities:

i) Certain financial assets and liabilities that is measured at fair value

ii) Defined benefit plans-plan assets are measured at fair value

The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (''H'') and all values are rounded to nearest crore (H 0,000,000) upto two decimal places, except when otherwise indicated.

b. Current versus non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non- current classification. Rn asset is treated as current when it is:

• Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle

• Held primarily for purpose of trading

• Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or

• cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

Rll other assets are classified as non-current.

R liability is current when:

• It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle

• It is held primarily for purpose of trading

• It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

• There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period Rll other liabilities are classified as non-current.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are classified as non- current assets and liabilities.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.

c. Property, plant and equipment

Property, Plant and equipment including capital work in progress are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises of purchase price, taxes, duties, freight and other incidental expenses directly attributable and related to acquisition and installation of the concerned assets and are further adjusted by the amount of tax credit availed wherever applicable. The Company identifies and determines cost of each component/ part of the asset separately, if the component/ part have a cost which is significant to the total cost of the asset and has useful life that is materially different from that of the remaining asset. Similarly, when significant parts of plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals or when a major inspection/overhauling is required to be performed, such cost of replacement or inspection is capitalised (if the recognition criteria is satisfied) in the carrying amount of plant and equipment as a replacement cost or cost of major inspection/overhauling, as the case may be and depreciated separately based on their specific useful life. Likewise, when a major inspection is performed, its cost is recognised in the carrying amount of the plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in statement of profit and loss as incurred. The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision are met.

Subsequent expenditure related to an item of fixed asset is added to its book value only if it increases the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance. All other expenses on existing fixed assets, including day-to-day repair and maintenance expenditure and cost of replacing parts, are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the period during which such expenses are incurred.

Items of stores and spares that meet the definition of property, plant and equipment are capitalized at cost and depreciated over their useful life. Otherwise, such items are classified as inventories.

An item of property, plant and equipment and any significant part initially recognised is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

Property, plant and equipment held for sale is valued at lower of their carrying amount and net realizable value. Any writedown is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the date of addition/disposal on straight-line method using the useful lives of the assets estimated by management based on technical evaluation; these rates are in certain cases differ from the lives prescribed under Schedule II of the Act.

The Company has used the following useful lives to provide depreciation

Class of Asset	Useful Lives as per Schedule II (years)	Useful Lives estimated by the management (years)
Factory Buildings	30	30
non-Factory Buildings	60	5 to 60
Plant and equipment	15	3 to 25
Furniture & Fixtures	10	3 to 10
Computers (included in office equipment)	3 to 6	3
Office Equipment	5	5
Vehicles	8	8
Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the lease period.

d. Intangible assets

I ntangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Internally generated intangible assets, excluding capitalized development costs, are not capitalized and expenditure is reflected in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which the expenditure is incurred.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite.

I ntangible assets with finite lives are amortised over the useful economic lives and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortised, but are tested for impairment annually, either individually or at the cash-generating unit level. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in useful life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Intangible assets being specialised Software and Technical Know-how are amortised on a straight line basis over their useful life (estimated by the management) of 3 to 5 years and 10 years respectively.

e. Leases

The Company assesses at contract inception whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. That is, if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

Where the Company is lessee

The Company applies a single recognition and measurement approach for all leases, except for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognises lease liabilities to make lease payments and right-of-use assets representing the right to use the underlying assets.

(i) Right to use assets

The Company recognises right-of-use assets at the commencement date of the lease (i.e., the date when the underlying asset is available for use). Right-of-use assets are measured at cost, less any accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, and adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liabilities. The cost of right-of-use assets includes the amount of lease liabilities recognised, initial direct costs incurred, and lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received. Right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows:

Class of asset	Useful Lives estimated by the management (years)
Leased Premises	2-9
Leased broadband line	9

If ownership of the leased asset transfers to the Company at the end of the lease term or the cost reflects the exercise of a purchase option, depreciation is calculated using the estimated useful life of the asset.

The right-of-use assets are also subject to impairment. Refer to the accounting policies in section (g) Impairment of nonfinancial assets.

(ii) Lease Liabilities

At the commencement date of the lease, the Company recognises lease liabilities measured at the present value of lease payments to be made over the lease term. The lease payments include fixed payments (including in substance fixed payments) less any lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, and amounts expected to be paid under residual value guarantees. The lease payments also include the exercise price of a purchase option reasonably certain to be exercised by the Company and payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the Company exercising the option to terminate. Variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or a rate are recognised as expenses (unless they are incurred to produce inventories) in the period in which the event or condition that triggers the payment occurs.

I n calculating the present value of lease payments, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date because the interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. After the commencement date, the amount of lease liabilities is increased to reflect the accretion of interest and reduced for the lease payments made. In addition, the carrying amount of lease liabilities is remeasured if there is a modification, a change in the lease term, a change in the lease payments (e.g., changes to future payments resulting from a change in an index or rate used to determine such lease payments) or a change in the assessment of an option to purchase the underlying asset.

Where the Company is the lessor-

Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Assets subject to operating leases are included in Property, plant & equipment. Lease income on an operating lease is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Costs, including depreciation, are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

f. Borrowing costs

Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the borrowings and exchange differences to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition or construction of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are capitalized as part of the cost of the asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the year they occur.

g. Impairment of non-financial assets

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset''s recoverable amount. An asset''s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s or cash-generating unit''s (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or Companies of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining net selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.

The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and forecast calculations which are prepared separately for each of the Company''s cash-generating units to which the individual assets are allocated. Impairment losses of continuing operations, including impairment on inventories, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

For assets, an assessment is made at each reporting date to determine whether there is an indication that previously recognised impairment losses no longer exist or have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company estimates the asset''s or CGU''s recoverable amount. A previously recognised impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset''s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognised. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment annually either individually or at the CGU level, as appropriate, and when circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.

h. Government grants

Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that (i) the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them, and (ii) the grant/subsidy will be received.

When the grant or subsidy relates to revenue, it is recognized as income on a systematic basis in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the periods necessary to match them with the related costs, which they are intended to compensate. Where the grant relates to an asset, it is recognised as income in equal amounts over the expected useful life of the related asset.

When the Company receives grants of non-monetary assets, the asset and the grant are recorded at fair value amounts and released to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the expected useful life in a pattern of consumption of the benefit of the underlying asset i.e. by equal annual instalments. When loans or similar assistance are provided by governments or related institutions, with an interest rate below the current applicable market rate, the effect of this favourable interest is regarded as a government grant. The loan or assistance is initially recognised and measured at fair value and the government grant is measured as the difference between the initial carrying value of the loan and the proceeds received. The loan is subsequently measured as per the accounting policy applicable to financial liabilities.

i. Inventories

Raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. However, materials and other items held for use in the production of inventories are not written down below cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost of raw materials, components, stores and spares is determined on moving weighted average method.

Work-in-progress and finished goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes direct materials and labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating capacity. Cost of finished goods is determined on standard cost basis.

Traded goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of purchase and other costs in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost of traded goods is determined on weighted average basis.

Saleable scrap, whose cost is not identifiable, is valued at net realisable value.

Stores and Spares which do not meet the definition of property, plant and equipment are accounted as inventories.

net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

j. Revenue from contract with customers

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when control of the goods are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods. The Company has generally concluded that it is the principal in its revenue arrangements because it typically controls the goods before transferring them to the customer.

The disclosures of significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions relating to revenue from contracts with customers are provided in note 2.1.

Sale of Goods

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised at the point in time when control of the goods is transferred to the customer, generally on delivery of the goods.

The Company considers whether there are other promises in the contract that are separate performance obligations to which a portion of the transaction price needs to be allocated (e.g., warranties, Sales points). In determining the transaction price for the sale of goods, the Company considers the effects of variable consideration, the existence of significant financing components, noncash consideration, and consideration payable to the customer (if any).

Variable consideration

If the consideration in a contract includes a variable amount, the Company estimates the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled in exchange for transferring the goods to the customer. The variable consideration is estimated at contract

inception and constrained until it is highly probable that a significant revenue reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not occur when the associated uncertainty with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Some contracts for the sale of goods provide customers with volume rebates. The volume rebates give rise to variable consideration.

• Volume rebates

The Company provides retrospective volume rebates to certain customers once the quantity of products purchased during the period exceeds a threshold specified in the contract. Rebates are offset against amounts payable by the customer. To estimate the variable consideration for the expected future rebates, the Company applies the most likely amount method for contracts with a single-volume threshold and the expected value method for contracts with more than one volume threshold. The selected method that best predicts the amount of variable consideration is primarily driven by the number of volume thresholds contained in the contract. The Company then applies the requirements on constraining estimates of variable consideration and recognises a refund liability for the expected future rebates.

• Significant financing component

The Company receives short-term advances from its customers. Using the practical expedient in Ind AS 115, the Company does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if it expects, at contract inception, that the period between the transfer of the promised goods to the customer and when the customer pays for that goods will be one year or less.

Warranty obligations

The Company typically provides warranties for general repairs of defects that existed at the time of sale, as required by law. These assurance-type warranties are accounted for under Ind AS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets. Refer to the accounting policy on warranty provisions.

In some contracts, the Company provides warranty to the customers. The warranty is accounted for as a separate performance obligation and a portion of the transaction price is allocated. The performance obligation for the warranty service is satisfied based on time elapsed.

Sales points programme

The Company has a sales point programme, which allows customers to accumulate points that can be redeemed for free products. The sales points give rise to a separate performance obligation as they provide a material right to the customer. A portion of the transaction price is allocated to the sales points awarded to customers based on relative stand-alone selling price and recognised as a contract liability until the points are redeemed. Revenue is recognised upon redemption of products by the customer.

When estimating the stand-alone selling price of the sales points, the Company considers the likelihood that the customer will redeem the points. The Company updates its estimates of the points that will be redeemed on a quarterly basis and any adjustments to the contract liability balance are charged against revenue.

Sales of Services

Revenue from installation and maintenance services are recognised at point of time upon completion of services.

Trade receivables

A receivable represents the Company''s right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional (i.e., only the passage of time is required before payment of the consideration is due). Refer to accounting policies of financial assets - ''financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement''.

Contract liabilities

A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods to a customer for which the Company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Company transfers goods to the customer, a contract liability is recognised when the payment is made or the payment is due (whichever is earlier). Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the Company performs under the contract.

Refund liabilities

A refund liability is the obligation to refund some or all of the consideration received (or receivable) from the customer and is measured at the amount the Company ultimately expects it will have to return to the customer. The Company updates its estimates of refund liabilities (and the corresponding change in the transaction price) at the end of each reporting period. Refer to above accounting policy on variable consideration.

k. Other revenue streams

• Interest Income

For all debt instruments measured either at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income, interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR). EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset or to the amortised cost of a financial liability. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example, prepayment, extension, call and similar options) but does not consider the expected credit losses. Interest income is included in other income in the statement of profit and loss.

• Export Benefits

Export benefits arising from Duty Drawback scheme, Merchandise Export Incentive Scheme, Focus Market Scheme are recognised on shipment of direct exports. Revenue from exports benefits measured at the fair value of consideration received or receivable.

l. Foreign currency transactions and balances

The financial statements are presented in H, which is the Company''s functional currency.

Foreign currency transactions are initially recorded at functional currency''s spot rates at the date the transaction first qualifies for recognition.

Foreign currency monetary items are translated using the functional currency spot rates prevailing at the reporting date. non-monetary items, which are measured in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency, are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. non-monetary items, which are measured at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency, are translated using the exchange rate at the date when such value was determined.

Exchange differences arising on the settlement or translation of monetary items are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise.

m. Employee benefits

i. Short-term obligations

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognised in respect of employee service upto the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amount expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.

ii. Other long-term employee benefit obligations • Gratuity

Gratuity liability is defined benefit obligation and is provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit (PUC) method made at the end of each financial year. The Company''s gratuity fund scheme is managed by trust maintained with Insurance companies to cover the gratuity liability of the employees and premium paid to such insurance companies is charged to the statement of profit and loss.

Remeasurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognised immediately in the balance sheet with a

corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The Company recognises the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss:

• Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailments and nonroutine settlements

• Net interest expense or income

• Provident fund and Superannuation fund

Retirement benefit in the form of Provident Fund, ESI and Superannuation Fund are defined contribution schemes. The Company has no obligation, other than the contribution payable to the fund. The Company recognizes contribution payable through provident fund scheme as an expense, when an employee renders the related services. If the contribution payable to scheme for service received before the balance sheet date exceeds the contribution already paid, the deficit payable to the scheme is recognised as liability after deducting the contribution already paid. If the contribution already paid exceeds the contribution due for services received before the balance sheet date, then excess is recognised as an asset to the extent that the prepayment will lead to, for example, a reduction in future payment or a cash refund.

• Compensated Rbsences

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12 months, is treated as short-term employee benefit. The Company measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date.

The Company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long-term employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the year-end. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to the Statement of Profit and Loss and are not deferred. The Company presents the leave as a current liability in the balance sheet, to the extent it does not have an unconditional right to defer its settlement for 12 months after the reporting date. Where Company has the unconditional legal and contractual right to defer the settlement for a period beyond 12 months, the same is presented as non-current liability.

n. Share based payments

Employees (including senior executives) of the Company receive remuneration in the form of share-based payments, whereby employees render services as consideration for equity instruments (equity-settled transactions).

Equity-settled transactions

The cost of equity-settled transactions is determined by the fair value at the date when the grant is made using an appropriate valuation model. That cost is recognised as employee benefits expense in the statement of profit and loss together with a corresponding increase in other equity as ''Share based payments reserve'' in lines with requirement as per Ind AS 102 (Share based payments), over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled. The cumulative expense recognised for equity settled transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period has expired and the Company''s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The statement of profit and loss expense or credit for a period represents the movement in cumulative expense recognised as at the beginning and end of that period and is recognised in employee benefits expense.

Service and non-market performance conditions are not taken into account when determining the grant date fair value of awards, but the likelihood of the conditions being met is assessed as part of the Company''s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. Market performance conditions are reflected within the grant date fair value. Any other conditions attached to an award, but without an associated service requirement, are considered to be non-vesting conditions. Non-vesting conditions are reflected in the fair value of an award and lead to an immediate expensing of an award unless there are also service and/or performance conditions.

No expense is recognised for awards that do not ultimately vest because non-market performance and/or service conditions have not been met. Where awards include a market or non-vesting condition, the transactions are treated as vested irrespective of whether the market or non-vesting condition is satisfied, provided that all other performance and/or service conditions are satisfied.

When the terms of an equity-settled award are modified, the minimum expense recognised is the expense had the terms had not been modified, if the original terms of the award are met. An additional expense is recognised for any modification that increases the total fair value of the share-based payment transaction, or is otherwise beneficial to the employee as measured at the date of modification. Where an award is cancelled by the entity or by the counterparty, any remaining element of the fair value of the award is expensed immediately through profit or loss.

The dilutive effect of outstanding options is reflected as additional share dilution in the computation of diluted earnings per share.

o. Income taxes

Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to or recovered from the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss is recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss is recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

p. Segment reporting Identification of segments

The Company''s operating businesses are organized and managed separately according to the nature of products and services provided, with each segment representing a strategic business unit that offers different products and serves different markets. The analysis of geographical segments is based on the areas in which the customers of the Company are located.

Allocation of common costs

Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment on a case to case basis applying the ratio, appropriate to each relevant case. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segment on a reasonable basis, are included under the head "Unallocated".

Unallocated items

Unallocated items include general corporate income and expense items which are not allocated to any business segment. Segment accounting policies

The Company prepares its segment information in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for preparing and presenting the financial statements of the Company as a whole.

q. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

r. Provisions and contingent liabilities

• General Provisions

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. These estimates are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.

• Warranty Provisions

Provisions for warranty-related costs are recognised when the product is sold or service provided. Provision is based on technical estimates by the management based on past trends. The estimate of such warranty-related costs is revised annually

• Contingent liabilities

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognised because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognised because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.

Provisions, contingent liabilities, contingent assets and commitments are reviewed at each balance sheet date.

s. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

t. Financial instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.

i. Financial Assets

Initial recognition and measurement

All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Financial assets are classified, at initial recognition and subsequently measured at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (OCI), and fair value through profit or loss.

The classification of financial assets at initial recognition depends on the financial asset''s contractual cash flow characteristics and the Company''s business model for managing them. With the exception of trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Company has applied the practical expedient, the Company initially measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs. Trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Company has applied the practical expedient are measured at the transaction price determined under Ind AS 115. Refer to the accounting policies on Revenue from contracts with customers.

In order for a financial asset to be classified and measured at amortised cost or fair value through OCI, it needs to give rise to cash flows that are ''solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI)'' on the principal amount outstanding. This assessment is referred to as the SPPI test and is performed at an instrument level.

The Company''s business model for managing financial assets refers to how it manages its financial assets in order to generate cash flows. The business model determines whether cash flows will result from collecting contractual cash flows, selling the financial assets, or both.

Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular way trades) are recognised on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset.

Subsequent measurement

For purposes of subsequent measurement financial assets are classified in following categories:

• Debt instruments at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)

• Debt instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

• Debt instruments at amortized cost

• Equity instruments

Where assets are measured at fair value, gains and losses are either recognised entirely in the statement of profit and loss (i.e. fair value through profit or loss), or recognised in other comprehensive income (i.e. fair value through other comprehensive income). For investment in debt instruments, this will depend on the business model in which the investment is held. For investment in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for equity instruments at FVTOCI.

Debt instruments at amortized cost

A Debt instrument is measured at amortized cost if both the following conditions are met:

• The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and

• Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

This category is most relevant to the Company. After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of EIR. EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument but does not consider the expected credit losses. The EIR amortization is included in finance income in profit or loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the profit or loss. This category generally applies to trade and other receivables.

Debt instruments at fair value through OCI

A Debt instrument is measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if following criteria are met:

• Business Model Test: The objective of financial instrument is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and for selling financial assets.

• Cash flow characteristics test: The contractual terms of the Debt instrument give rise on specific dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on principal amount outstanding.

Debt instrument included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognised in the other comprehensive income (OCI), except for the recognition of interest income, impairment gains or losses and foreign exchange gains or losses which are recognised in statement of profit and loss. On derecognition of asset, cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from the equity to statement of profit and loss. Interest earned whilst holding FVTOCI financial asset is reported as interest income using the EIR method.

Debt instruments at FVTPL

FVTPL is a residual category for financial instruments. Any financial instrument, which does not meet the criteria for amortized cost or FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL. In addition, the Company may elect to designate a debt instrument, which otherwise meets amortized cost or FVTOCI criteria, as at FVTPL. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ''accounting mismatch''). The Company has not designated any debt instrument as at FVTPL.

Debt instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Equity Investment

All equity investments in scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading and contingent consideration recognised by an acquirer in a business combination to which Ind AS 103 applies are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.

I f the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to P&L, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.

Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the P&L.

Derecognition

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a Company of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognised (i.e. removed from the Company''s statement of financial position) when:

• The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

• the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a "pass through" arrangement and either;

• the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial assets or

• the Company has retained the contractual right to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

Where the Company has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the financial assets. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the entity has not transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the financial assets, the financial asset is not derecognised.

Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.

Impairment of financial assets

In accordance with IIND AS 109, the Company applies expected credit losses (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial asset and credit risk exposure:

• Financial assets that are debt instruments, and are measured at amortised cost e.g., loans, debt securities, deposits, trade receivables and bank balance,

• Financial assets that are debt instruments and are measured as at FVTOCI;

The Company follows "simplified approach" for recognition of impairment loss allowance on:

• Trade receivables or contract revenue receivables;

• All lease receivables resulting from the transactions within the scope of IIND AS 116

Under the simplified approach, the Company does not track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognizes impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition. The Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on the portfolio of trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of trade receivable and is adjusted for forward looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the forward looking estimates are analysed.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the Company reverts to recognizing impairment loss allowance based on 12- months ECL.

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. When estimating the cash flows, an entity is required to consider:

• All contractual terms of the financial instrument (including prepayment, extension, call and similar options) over the expected life of the financial instrument.

As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on portfolio of its trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivables and is adjusted for forward-looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the forward-looking estimates are analysed.

ii. Financial liabilities:

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are classified at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs. The Company financial liabilities include loans and borrowings including bank overdraft, trade payables, trade deposits, retention money, and liabilities towards services, sales incentive and other payables.

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Trade Payables

These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12

months after the reporting period. They are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using EIR method.

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term.

Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in IND AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognised in OCI. These gains/ losses are not subsequently transferred to profit and loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit and loss.

Loans and borrowings

Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction cost incurred. After initial recognition, interestbearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in statement of prof

---

Mar 31, 2022

1. Corporate information

The Company was incorporated on October 10, 2016 and was a subsidiary of Orient Paper & Industries Ltd. (OPIL). A scheme of arrangement had been filed with the National Company Law Tribunal to demerge the consumer electric business of the holding Company (OPIL) by transferring the same on a going concern basis to the Company w.e.f. March 1,2017, which has subsequently been approved by the National Company Law Tribunal.

Pursuant to Scheme of Arrangement shares held by the demerged Company stands cancelled and post demerger, the Company is no more a subsidiary of OPIL.

The Company is a public company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act applicable in India. The Company shares are listed on two recognised stock exchanges in India. The registered office of the Company is located at Unit VIII, Plot 7, Bhoinagar, Bhubneswar, Odisha.

The Company is primarily engaged in manufacture/purchase and sale of Electrical Consumer Durables, Lighting & Switchgear products. The Company presently has manufacturing facilities at Faridabad, Noida and Kolkata.

These financial statements were authorised for issue in accordance with a resolution of the Board of Directors on May 10, 2022.

2. Significant accounting policies

a. Basis of preparation

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (IND AS) notified under the section 133 of the Companies Act 2013 (the Act) read with Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rule 2015 (as amended from time to time) and other relevant provision of the Act. The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the following assets and liabilities:

i) Certain financial assets and liabilities that is measured at fair value

ii) Defined benefit plans-plan assets are measured at fair value

The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (''INR'') and all values are rounded to nearest crore (INR 0,000,000) upto two decimal places, except when otherwise indicated.

b. Current versus non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non- current classification. An asset is treated as current when it is:

- Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle

- Held primarily for purpose of trading

- Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or

- cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is current when:

- It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle

- It is held primarily for purpose of trading

- It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

All other liabilities are classified as non-current.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are classified as non- current assets and liabilities.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.

c. Property, plant and equipment

Property, Plant and equipment including capital work in progress are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises of purchase price, taxes, duties, freight and other incidental expenses directly attributable and related to acquisition and installation of the concerned assets and are further adjusted by the amount of tax credit availed wherever applicable. The Company identifies and determines cost of each component/ part of the asset separately, if the component/ part have a cost which is significant to the total cost of the asset and has useful life that is materially different from that of the remaining asset. Similarly, when significant parts of plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals or when a major inspection/ overhauling is required to be performed, such cost of replacement or inspection is capitalised (if the recognition criteria is satisfied) in the carrying amount of plant and equipment as a replacement cost or cost of major inspection/ overhauling, as the case may be and depreciated separately based on their specific useful life. Likewise, when a major inspection is performed, its cost is recognised in the carrying amount of the plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in statement of profit and loss as incurred. The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision are met.

Subsequent expenditure related to an item of fixed asset is added to its book value only if it increases the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance. All other expenses on existing fixed assets, including day-to-day repair and maintenance expenditure and cost of replacing parts, are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the period during which such expenses are incurred.

Items of stores and spares that meet the definition of property, plant and equipment are capitalized at cost and depreciated over their useful life. Otherwise, such items are classified as inventories.

An item of property, plant and equipment and any significant part initially recognised is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

Property, plant and equipment held for sale is valued at lower of their carrying amount and net realizable value. Any write-down is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the date of addition/ disposal on straight-line method using the useful lives of the assets estimated by management based on technical evaluation; these rates are in certain cases differ from the lives prescribed under Schedule II of the Act.

The Company has used the following useful lives to provide depreciation:

Class of Asset	Useful Lives estimated by the management (years)
Factory Buildings	30
Non-Factory Buildings	5 to 60
Plant and equipment	3 to 25
Furniture & Fixtures	3 to 10
Computers (included in office equipment)	3
Office Equipment	5
Vehicles	10

Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the lease period.

d. Intangible assets

Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Internally generated intangible assets, excluding capitalized development costs, are not capitalized and expenditure is reflected in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which the expenditure is incurred.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite.

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortised over the useful economic livess and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortised, but are tested for impairment annually, either individually or at the cash-generating unit level. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in useful life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Intangible assets being specialised Software and Technical Know-how are amortised on a straight line basis over their useful life (estimated by the management) of 3 to 5 years and 10 years respectively.

e. Leases

The Company assesses at contract inception whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. That is, if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

Where the Company is lessee

The Company applies a single recognition and measurement approach for all leases, except for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognises lease liabilities to make lease payments and right-of-use assets representing the right to use the underlying assets.

(i) Right to use assets

The Company recognises right-of-use assets at the commencement date of the lease (i.e., the date when the underlying asset is available for use). Right-of-use assets are measured at cost, less any accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, and adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liabilities. The cost of right-of-use assets includes the amount of lease liabilities recognised, initial direct costs incurred, and lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received. Right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows:

Class of asset	Useful Lives estimated by the management (years)
Leased Premises	2-9
Leased broadband line	9

If ownership of the leased asset transfers to the Company at the end of the lease term or the cost reflects the exercise of a purchase option, depreciation is calculated using the estimated useful life of the asset.

The right-of-use assets are also subject to impairment. Refer to the accounting policies in section (g) Impairment of non-financial assets.

(ii) Lease Liabilities

At the commencement date of the lease, the Company recognises lease liabilities measured at the present value of lease payments to be made over the lease term. The lease payments include fixed payments (including in substance fixed payments) less any lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, and amounts expected to be paid under residual value guarantees. The lease payments also include the exercise price of a purchase option reasonably certain to be exercised by the Company and payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the Company exercising the option to terminate. Variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or a rate are recognised as expenses (unless they are incurred to produce inventories) in the period in which the event or condition that triggers the payment occurs.

In calculating the present value of lease payments, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date because the interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. After the commencement date, the amount of lease liabilities is increased to reflect the accretion of interest and reduced

for the lease payments made. In addition, the carrying amount of lease liabilities is remeasured if there is a modification, a change in the lease term, a change in the lease payments (e.g., changes to future payments resulting from a change in an index or rate used to determine such lease payments) or a change in the assessment of an option to purchase the underlying asset.

Where the Company is the lessor-

Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Assets subject to operating leases are included in Property, plant & equipment. Lease income on an operating lease is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Costs, including depreciation, are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

f. Borrowing costs

Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the borrowings and exchange differences to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition or construction of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are capitalized as part of the cost of the asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the year they occur.

g. Impairment of non-financial assets

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset''s recoverable amount. An asset''s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s or cash-generating unit''s (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or Companies of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining net selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.

The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and forecast calculations which are prepared separately for each of the Company''s cash-generating units to which the individual assets are allocated. Impairment losses of continuing operations, including impairment on inventories, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

For assets, an assessment is made at each reporting date to determine whether there is an indication that previously recognised impairment losses no longer exist or have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company estimates the asset''s or CGU''s recoverable amount. A previously recognised impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset''s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognised. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment annually either individually or at the CGU level, as appropriate, and when circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.

h. Government grants

Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that (i) the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them, and (ii) the grant/subsidy will be received.

When the grant or subsidy relates to revenue, it is recognized as income on a systematic basis in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the periods necessary to match them with the related costs, which they are intended to compensate. Where the grant relates to an asset, it is recognised as income in equal amounts over the expected useful life of the related asset.

When the Company receives grants of non-monetary assets, the asset and the grant are recorded at fair value amounts and released to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the expected useful life in a pattern of consumption

of the benefit of the underlying asset i.e. by equal annual instalments. When loans or similar assistance are provided by governments or related institutions, with an interest rate below the current applicable market rate, the effect of this favourable interest is regarded as a government grant. The loan or assistance is initially recognised and measured at fair value and the government grant is measured as the difference between the initial carrying value of the loan and the proceeds received. The loan is subsequently measured as per the accounting policy applicable to financial liabilities.

i. Inventories

- Raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. However, materials and other items held for use in the production of inventories are not written down below cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost of raw materials, components, stores and spares is determined on moving weighted average method.

- Work-in-progress and finished goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes direct materials and labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating capacity. Cost of finished goods is determined on standard cost basis.

- Traded goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of purchase and other costs in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost of traded goods is determined on weighted average basis.

- Saleable scrap, whose cost is not identifiable, is valued at net realisable value.

- Stores and Spares which do not meet the definition of property, plant and equipment are accounted as inventories.

- Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

j. Revenue from contract with customers

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when control of the goods are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods. The Company has generally concluded that it is the principal in its revenue arrangements because it typically controls the goods before transferring them to the customer.

The disclosures of significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions relating to revenue from contracts with customers are provided in Note 2.1.

Sale of Goods

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised at the point in time when control of the goods is transferred to the customer, generally on delivery of the goods.

The Company considers whether there are other promises in the contract that are separate performance obligations to which a portion of the transaction price needs to be allocated (e.g., warranties, Sales points). In determining the transaction price for the sale of goods, the Company considers the effects of variable consideration, the existence of significant financing components, noncash consideration, and consideration payable to the customer (if any).

Variable consideration

If the consideration in a contract includes a variable amount, the Company estimates the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled in exchange for transferring the goods to the customer. The variable consideration is estimated at contract inception and constrained until it is highly probable that a significant revenue reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not occur when the associated uncertainty with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Some contracts for the sale of goods provide customers with volume rebates. The volume rebates give rise to variable consideration.

- Volume rebates

The Company provides retrospective volume rebates to certain customers once the quantity of products purchased during the period exceeds a threshold specified in the contract. Rebates are offset against amounts payable by the customer. To estimate the variable consideration for the expected future rebates, the Company applies the most likely amount method for contracts with a single-volume threshold and the expected value method for contracts with more than one volume threshold. The selected method that best predicts the amount

of variable consideration is primarily driven by the number of volume thresholds contained in the contract. The Company then applies the requirements on constraining estimates of variable consideration and recognises a refund liability for the expected future rebates.

- Significant financing component

The Company receives short-term advances from its customers. Using the practical expedient in Ind AS 115, the Company does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if it expects, at contract inception, that the period between the transfer of the promised goods to the customer and when the customer pays for that goods will be one year or less.

Warranty obligations

The Company typically provides warranties for general repairs of defects that existed at the time of sale, as required by law. These assurance-type warranties are accounted for under Ind AS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets. Refer to the accounting policy on warranty provisions.

In some contracts, the Company provides warranty to the customers. The warranty is accounted for as a separate performance obligation and a portion of the transaction price is allocated. The performance obligation for the warranty service is satisfied based on time elapsed.

Sales points programme

The Company has a sales point programme, which allows customers to accumulate points that can be redeemed for free products. The sales points give rise to a separate performance obligation as they provide a material right to the customer. A portion of the transaction price is allocated to the sales points awarded to customers based on relative stand-alone selling price and recognised as a contract liability until the points are redeemed. Revenue is recognised upon redemption of products by the customer.

When estimating the stand-alone selling price of the sales points, the Company considers the likelihood that the customer will redeem the points. The Company updates its estimates of the points that will be redeemed on a quarterly basis and any adjustments to the contract liability balance are charged against revenue.

Sales of Services

Revenue from installation and maintenance services are recognised at point of time upon completion of services. Trade receivables

A receivable represents the Company''s right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional (i.e., only the passage of time is required before payment of the consideration is due). Refer to accounting policies of financial assets -''financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement''.

Contract liabilities

A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods to a customer for which the Company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Company transfers goods to the customer, a contract liability is recognised when the payment is made or the payment is due (whichever is earlier). Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the Company performs under the contract.

Refund liabilities

A refund liability is the obligation to refund some or all of the consideration received (or receivable) from the customer and is measured at the amount the Company ultimately expects it will have to return to the customer. The Company updates its estimates of refund liabilities (and the corresponding change in the transaction price) at the end of each reporting period. Refer to above accounting policy on variable consideration.

k. Other revenue streams

- Interest Income

For all debt instruments measured either at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income, interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR). EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset or to the amortised cost of a financial liability. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example, prepayment, extension, call and

similar options) but does not consider the expected credit losses. Interest income is included in other income in the statement of profit and loss.

- Export Benefits

Export benefits arising from Duty Drawback scheme, Merchandise Export Incentive Scheme, Focus Market Scheme are recognised on shipment of direct exports. Revenue from exports benefits measured at the fair value of consideration received or receivable.

l. Foreign currency transactions and balances

The financial statements are presented in INR, which is the Company''s functional currency.

Foreign currency transactions are initially recorded at functional currency''s spot rates at the date the transaction first qualifies for recognition.

Foreign currency monetary items are translated using the functional currency spot rates prevailing at the reporting date. Non-monetary items, which are measured in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency, are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary items, which are measured at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency, are translated using the exchange rate at the date when such value was determined.

Exchange differences arising on the settlement or translation of monetary items are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise.

m. Employee benefits

i. Short-term obligations

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognised in respect of employee service upto the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amount expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.

ii. Other long-term employee benefit obligations

- Gratuity

Gratuity liability is defined benefit obligation and is provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit (PUC) method made at the end of each financial year. The Company''s gratuity fund scheme is managed by trust maintained with Insurance companies to cover the gratuity liability of the employees and premium paid to such insurance companies is charged to the statement of profit and loss.

Remeasurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognised immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The Company recognises the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss:

• Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailments and non-routine settlements

• Net interest expense or income

- Provident fund and Superannuation fund

Retirement benefit in the form of Provident Fund, ESI and Superannuation Fund are defined contribution schemes. The Company has no obligation, other than the contribution payable to the fund. The Company recognizes contribution payable through provident fund scheme as an expense, when an employee renders the related services. If the contribution payable to scheme for service received before the balance sheet date exceeds the contribution already paid, the deficit payable to the scheme is recognised as liability after deducting the contribution already paid. If the contribution already paid exceeds the contribution due for

services received before the balance sheet date, then excess is recognised as an asset to the extent that the prepayment will lead to, for example, a reduction in future payment or a cash refund.

- Compensated Absences

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12 months, is treated as short-term employee benefit. The Company measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date.

The Company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as longterm employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the year-end. Actuarial gains/ losses are immediately taken to the Statement of Profit and Loss and are not deferred. The Company presents the leave as a current liability in the balance sheet, to the extent it does not have an unconditional right to defer its settlement for 12 months after the reporting date. Where Company has the unconditional legal and contractual right to defer the settlement for a period beyond 12 months, the same is presented as non-current liability.

n. Share based payments

Employees (including senior executives) of the Company receive remuneration in the form of share-based payments, whereby employees render services as consideration for equity instruments (equity-settled transactions).

Equity-settled transactions

The cost of equity-settled transactions is determined by the fair value at the date when the grant is made using an appropriate valuation model. That cost is recognised as employee benefits expense in the statement of profit and loss together with a corresponding increase in other equity as ''Share based payments reserve'' in lines with requirement as per Ind AS 102 (Share based payments), over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled. The cumulative expense recognised for equity settled transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period has expired and the Company''s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The statement of profit and loss expense or credit for a period represents the movement in cumulative expense recognised as at the beginning and end of that period and is recognised in employee benefits expense.

Service and non-market performance conditions are not taken into account when determining the grant date fair value of awards, but the likelihood of the conditions being met is assessed as part of the Company''s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. Market performance conditions are reflected within the grant date fair value. Any other conditions attached to an award, but without an associated service requirement, are considered to be nonvesting conditions. Non-vesting conditions are reflected in the fair value of an award and lead to an immediate expensing of an award unless there are also service and/or performance conditions.

No expense is recognised for awards that do not ultimately vest because non-market performance and/or service conditions have not been met. Where awards include a market or non-vesting condition, the transactions are treated as vested irrespective of whether the market or non-vesting condition is satisfied, provided that all other performance and/or service conditions are satisfied.

When the terms of an equity-settled award are modified, the minimum expense recognised is the expense had the terms had not been modified, if the original terms of the award are met. An additional expense is recognised for any modification that increases the total fair value of the share-based payment transaction, or is otherwise beneficial to the employee as measured at the date of modification. Where an award is cancelled by the entity or by the counterparty, any remaining element of the fair value of the award is expensed immediately through profit or loss.

The dilutive effect of outstanding options is reflected as additional share dilution in the computation of diluted earnings per share.

o. Income taxes

Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to or recovered from the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss is recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss is recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Minimum alternate tax (MAT) paid in a year is charged to the statement of profit and loss as current tax. The Company recognizes MAT credit available as deferred tax asset only to the extent it is probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of MAT credit to be utilised during the specified period, i.e., the period for which such credit is allowed to be utilised.

p. Segment reporting Identification of segments

The Company''s operating businesses are organized and managed separately according to the nature of products and services provided, with each segment representing a strategic business unit that offers different products and serves different markets. The analysis of geographical segments is based on the areas in which the customers of the Company are located.

Allocation of common costs

Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment on a case to case basis applying the ratio, appropriate to each relevant case. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segment on a reasonable basis, are included under the head "Unallocated".

Unallocated items

Unallocated items include general corporate income and expense items which are not allocated to any business segment.

Segment accounting policies

The Company prepares its segment information in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for preparing and presenting the financial statements of the Company as a whole.

q. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

r. Provisions and contingent liabilities - General Provisions

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. These estimates are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.

- Warranty Provisions

Provisions for warranty-related costs are recognised when the product is sold or service provided. Provision is based on technical estimates by the management based on past trends. The estimate of such warranty-related costs is revised annually

- Contingent liabilities

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognised because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognised because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.

Provisions, contingent liabilities, contingent assets and commitments are reviewed at each balance sheet date.

s. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

t. Financial instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.

i. Financial Assets

Initial recognition and measurement

All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Financial assets are classified, at initial recognition and subsequently measured at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (OCI), and fair value through profit or loss.

The classification of financial assets at initial recognition depends on the financial asset''s contractual cash flow characteristics and the Company''s business model for managing them. With the exception of trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Company has applied the practical expedient, the Company initially measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs. Trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Company has applied the practical expedient are measured at the transaction price determined under Ind AS 115. Refer to the accounting policies on Revenue from contracts with customers.

In order for a financial asset to be classified and measured at amortised cost or fair value through OCI, it needs to give rise to cash flows that are ''solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI)'' on the principal amount outstanding. This assessment is referred to as the SPPI test and is performed at an instrument level.

The Company''s business model for managing financial assets refers to how it manages its financial assets in order to generate cash flows. The business model determines whether cash flows will result from collecting contractual cash flows, selling the financial assets, or both.

Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular way trades) are recognised on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset.

Subsequent measurement

For purposes of subsequent measurement financial assets are classified in following categories:

- Debt instruments at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)

- Debt instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

- Debt instruments at amortized cost

- Equity instruments

Where assets are measured at fair value, gains and losses are either recognised entirely in the statement of profit and loss (i.e. fair value through profit or loss), or recognised in other comprehensive income (i.e. fair value through other comprehensive income). For investment in debt instruments, this will depend on the business model in

which the investment is held. For investment in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for equity instruments at FVTOCI.

Debt instruments at amortized cost

A Debt instrument is measured at amortized cost if both the following conditions are met:

- The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and

- Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

This category is most relevant to the Company. After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of EIR. EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument but does not consider the expected credit losses. The EIR amortization is included in finance income in profit or loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the profit or loss. This category generally applies to trade and other receivables.

Debt instruments at fair value through OCI

A Debt instrument is measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if following criteria are met:

- Business Model Test: The objective of financial instrument is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and for selling financial assets.

- Cash flow characteristics test: The contractual terms of the Debt instrument give rise on specific dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on principal amount outstanding.

Debt instrument included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognised in the other comprehensive income (OCI), except for the recognition of interest income, impairment gains or losses and foreign exchange gains or losses which are recognised in statement of profit and loss. On derecognition of asset, cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from the equity to statement of profit and loss. Interest earned whilst holding FVTOCI financial asset is reported as interest income using the EIR method.

Debt instruments at FVTPL

FVTPL is a residual category for financial instruments. Any financial instrument, which does not meet the criteria for amortized cost or FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL. In addition, the Company may elect to designate a debt instrument, which otherwise meets amortized cost or FVTOCI criteria, as at FVTPL. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ''accounting mismatch''). The Company has not designated any debt instrument as at FVTPL.

Debt instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Equity Investment

All equity investments in scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading and contingent consideration recognised by an acquirer in a business combination to which Ind AS103 applies are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.

If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to P&L, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.

Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the P&L.

Derecognition

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a Company of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognised (i.e. removed from the Company''s statement of financial position) when:

- The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

- the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a "pass through” arrangement and either;

- the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial assets or

- the Company has retained the contractual right to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

Where the Company has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the financial assets. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the entity has not transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the financial assets, the financial asset is not derecognised.

Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.

Impairment of financial assets

In accordance with IND AS 109, the Company applies expected credit losses (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial asset and credit risk exposure:

- Financial assets that are debt instruments, and are measured at amortised cost e.g., loans, debt securities, deposits, trade receivables and bank balance,

- Financial assets that are debt instruments and are measured as at FVTOCI;

The Company follows "simplified approach” for recognition of impairment loss allowance on:

- Trade receivables or contract revenue receivables;

- All lease receivables resulting from the transactions within the scope of IND AS 116

Under the simplified approach, the Company does not track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognizes impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition. The Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on the portfolio of trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of trade receivable and is adjusted for forward looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the forward looking estimates are analysed.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the Company reverts to recognizing impairment loss allowance based on 12- months ECL.

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. When estimating the cash flows, an entity is required to consider:

- All contractual terms of the financial instrument (including prepayment, extension, call and similar options) over the expected life of the financial instrument.

As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on portfolio of its trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the

expected life of the trade receivables and is adjusted for forward-looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the forward-looking estimates are analysed.

ii. Financial liabilities:

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are classified at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs. The Company financial liabilities include loans and borrowings including bank overdraft, trade payables, trade deposits, retention money, and liabilities towards services, sales incentive and other payables.

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Trade Payables

These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period. They are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using EIR method.

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term.

Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in IND AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognised in OCI. These gains/ losses are not subsequently transferred to profit and loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit and loss.

Loans and borrowings

Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction cost incurred. After initial recognition, interestbearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in statement of profit and loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortization process. Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fee

---

Mar 31, 2019

1. Significant accounting policies

a. Basis of preparation

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (IND AS) notified under the section 133 of the Companies Act 2013 (the Act) read with Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rule 2015 (as amended from time to time) and other relevant provision of the Act. The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the following assets and liabilities:

i) Certain financial assets and liabilities that is measured at fair value

ii) Defined benefit plans-plan assets measured at fair value

The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (''INR'') and all values are rounded to nearest crore (INR 0,000,000) upto two decimal places, except when otherwise indicated.

b. Current versus non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non- current classification. An asset is treated as current when it is:

- Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle

- Held primarily for purpose of trading

- Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or

- cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is current when:

- It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle

- It is held primarily for purpose of trading

- It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period

All other liabilities are classified as non-current.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are classified as non- current assets and liabilities.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.

c. Property, plant and equipment

Property, Plant and equipment including capital work in progress are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises of purchase price, taxes, duties, freight and other incidental expenses directly attributable and related to acquisition and installation of the concerned assets and are further adjusted by the amount of tax credit availed wherever applicable. The Company identifies and determines cost of each component/ part of the asset separately, if the component/ part have a cost which is significant to the total cost of the asset and has useful life that is materially different from that of the remaining asset. Similarly, when significant parts of plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals or when a major inspection/ overhauling is required to be performed, such cost of replacement or inspection is capitalised (if the recognition criteria is satisfied) in the carrying amount of plant and equipment as a replacement cost or cost of major inspection/ overhauling, as the case may be and depreciated separately based on their specific useful life. Likewise, when a major inspection is performed, its cost is recognised in the carrying amount of the plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in statement of profit and loss as incurred. The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision are met.

Subsequent expenditure related to an item of fixed asset is added to its book value only if it increases the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance. All other expenses on existing fixed assets, including day-to-day repair and maintenance expenditure and cost of replacing parts, are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the period during which such expenses are incurred.

Items of stores and spares that meet the definition of property, plant and equipment are capitalized at cost and depreciated over their useful life. Otherwise, such items are classified as inventories.

An item of property, plant and equipment and any significant part initially recognised is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised.

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

Property, plant and equipment held for sale is valued at lower of their carrying amount and net realizable value. Any write-down is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the date of addition/ disposal on straight-line method using the useful lives of the assets estimated by management based on technical evaluation; these rates are in certain cases differ from the lives prescribed under Schedule II of the Act. The Company has used the following rates to provide depreciation:

d. Intangible assets

Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Internally generated intangible assets, excluding capitalized development costs, are not capitalized and expenditure is reflected in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which the expenditure is incurred.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite.

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortised over the useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortised, but are tested for impairment annually, either individually or at the cash-generating unit level. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in useful life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Intangible assets being specialised Software and Technical Knowhow are amortised on a straight line basis over their useful life (estimated by the management) of 3 years and 10 years respectively.

e. Leases

The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.

A lease is classified at the inception date as a finance lease or an operating lease.

Where the Company is lessee

A lease that transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the Company is classified as a finance lease. Finance leases are capitalised at the commencement of the lease at the inception date fair value of the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. A leased asset is depreciated over the useful life of the asset. However, if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term, the asset is depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease term.

Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Where the Company is the lessor

Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Assets subject to operating leases are included in Property, plant & equipment. Lease income on an operating lease is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Costs, including depreciation, are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Leases are classified as finance leases when substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership transfer from the Company to the lessee. Amounts due from lessees under finance leases are recorded as receivables at the Company''s net investment in the leases. Finance lease income is allocated to accounting periods so as to reflect a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment outstanding in respect of the lease.

f. Borrowing costs

Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the borrowings and exchange differences to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition or construction of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are capitalized as part of the cost of the asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the year they occur.

g. Impairment of non-financial assets

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset''s recoverable amount. An asset''s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s or cash-generating unit''s (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or Companies of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining net selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.

The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and forecast calculations which are prepared separately for each of the Company''s cash-generating units to which the individual assets are allocated. Impairment losses of continuing operations, including impairment on inventories, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

For assets, an assessment is made at each reporting date to determine whether there is an indication that previously recognised impairment losses no longer exist or have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company estimates the asset''s or CGU''s recoverable amount. A previously recognised impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset''s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognised. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment annually at the CGU level, as appropriate, and when circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.

h. Government grants

Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that (i) the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them, and (ii) the grant/subsidy will be received.

When the grant or subsidy relates to revenue, it is recognized as income on a systematic basis in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the periods necessary to match them with the related costs, which they are intended to compensate. Where the grant relates to an asset, it is recognised as income in equal amounts over the expected useful life of the related asset.

When the Company receives grants of non-monetary assets, the asset and the grant are recorded at fair value amounts and released to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the expected useful life in a pattern of consumption of the benefit of the underlying asset i.e. by equal annual instalments. When loans or similar assistance are provided by governments or related institutions, with an interest rate below the current applicable market rate, the effect of this favourable interest is regarded as a government grant. The loan or assistance is initially recognised and measured at fair value and the government grant is measured as the difference between the initial carrying value of the loan and the proceeds received. The loan is subsequently measured as per the accounting policy applicable to financial liabilities.

i. Inventories

- Raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. However, materials and other items held for use in the production of inventories are not written down below cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost of raw materials, components, stores and spares is determined on moving weighted average method.

- Work-in-progress and finished goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes direct materials and labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating capacity. Cost of finished goods is determined on weighted average basis.

- Traded goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of purchase and other costs in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost of traded goods is determined on weighted average basis.

- Saleable scrap, whose cost is not identifiable, is valued at net realisable value.

- Stores and Spares which do not meet the definition of property, plant and equipment are accounted as inventories.

- Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

j. Revenue from contract with customers

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when control of the goods are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods. The Company has generally concluded that it is the principal in its revenue arrangements because it typically controls the goods before transferring them to the customer.

The disclosures of significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions relating to revenue from contracts with customers are provided in Note 2.2.

Sale of Goods

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised at the point in time when control of the goods is transferred to the customer, generally on delivery of the goods.

The Company considers whether there are other promises in the contract that are separate performance obligations to which a portion of the transaction price needs to be allocated (e.g., warranties, Sales points). In determining the transaction price for the sale of goods, the Company considers the effects of variable consideration, the existence of significant financing components, noncash consideration, and consideration payable to the customer (if any).

Variable consideration

If the consideration in a contract includes a variable amount, the Company estimates the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled in exchange for transferring the goods to the customer. The variable consideration is estimated at contract inception and constrained until it is highly probable that a significant revenue reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not occur when the associated uncertainty with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Some contracts for the sale of goods provide customers with volume rebates. The volume rebates give rise to variable consideration.

- Volume rebates

The Company provides retrospective volume rebates to certain customers once the quantity of products purchased during the period exceeds a threshold specified in the contract. Rebates are offset against amounts payable by the customer. To estimate the variable consideration for the expected future rebates, the Company applies the most likely amount method for contracts with a single-volume threshold and the expected value method for contracts with more than one volume threshold. The selected method that best predicts the amount of variable consideration is primarily driven by the number of volume thresholds contained in the contract. The Company then applies the requirements on constraining estimates of variable consideration and recognises a refund liability for the expected future rebates.

- Significant financing component

The Company receives short-term advances from its customers. Using the practical expedient in Ind AS 115, the Company does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if it expects, at contract inception, that the period between the transfer of the promised goods to the customer and when the customer pays for that goods will be one year or less.

- Warranty obligations

The Company typically provides warranties for general repairs of defects that existed at the time of sale, as required by law. These assurance-type warranties are accounted for under Ind AS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets. Refer to the accounting policy on warranty provisions.

- Sales points programme

The Company has a sales point programme, which allows customers to accumulate points that can be redeemed for free products. The sales points give rise to a separate performance obligation as they provide a material right to the customer. A portion of the transaction price is allocated to the sales points awarded to customers based on relative stand-alone selling price and recognised as a contract liability until the points are redeemed. Revenue is recognised upon redemption of products by the customer.

When estimating the stand-alone selling price of the sales points, the Company considers the likelihood that the customer will redeem the points. The Company updates its estimates of the points that will be redeemed on a quarterly basis and any adjustments to the contract liability balance are charged against revenue.

Trade receivables

A receivable represents the Company''s right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional (i.e., only the passage of time is required before payment of the consideration is due). Refer to accounting policies of financial assets - ''financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement''.

Contract liabilities

A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods to a customer for which the Company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Company transfers goods to the customer, a contract liability is recognised when the payment is made or the payment is due (whichever is earlier). Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the Company performs under the contract.

Refund liabilities

A refund liability is the obligation to refund some or all of the consideration received (or receivable) from the customer and is measured at the amount the Company ultimately expects it will have to return to the customer. The Company updates its estimates of refund liabilities (and the corresponding change in the transaction price) at the end of each reporting period. Refer to above accounting policy on variable consideration.

k. Other revenue streams

- Interest Income

For all debt instruments measured either at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income, interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR). EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset or to the amortised cost of a financial liability. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example, prepayment, extension, call and similar options) but does not consider the expected credit losses. Interest income is included in other income in the statement of profit and loss.

- Export Benefits

Export benefits arising from Duty Drawback scheme, Merchandise Export Incentive Scheme, Focus Market Scheme are recognised on shipment of direct exports. Revenue from exports benefits measured at the fair value of consideration received or receivable.

l. Foreign currency transactions and balances

The financial statements are presented in INR, which is the Company''s functional currency.

Foreign currency transactions are initially recorded at functional currency''s spot rates at the date the transaction first qualifies for recognition.

Foreign currency monetary items are translated using the functional currency spot rates prevailing at the reporting date. Non-monetary items, which are measured in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency, are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary items, which are measured at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency, are translated using the exchange rate at the date when such value was determined.

Exchange differences arising on the settlement or translation of monetary items are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise.

m. Employee benefits

i. Short-term obligations

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognised in respect of employee service upto the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amount expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.

ii. Other long-term employee benefit obligations

- Gratuity

Gratuity liability is defined benefit obligation and is provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit (PUC) method made at the end of each financial year. The Company''s gratuity fund scheme is managed by trust maintained with Insurance companies to cover the gratuity liability of the employees and premium paid to such insurance companies is charged to the statement of profit and loss.

Remeasurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognised immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The Company recognises the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss:

- Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailments and non-routine settlements

- Net interest expense or income

- Provident fund and Superannuation fund

Retirement benefit in the form of Provident Fund, ESI and Superannuation Fund are defined contribution schemes. The Company has no obligation, other than the contribution payable to the fund. The Company recognizes contribution payable through provident fund scheme as an expense, when an employee renders the related services. If the contribution payable to scheme for service received before the balance sheet date exceeds the contribution already paid, the deficit payable to the scheme is recognised as liability after deducting the contribution already paid. If the contribution already paid exceeds the contribution due for services received before the balance sheet date, then excess is recognised as an asset to the extent that the prepayment will lead to, for example, a reduction in future payment or a cash refund.

- Compensated Absences

Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12 months, is treated as short-term employee benefit. The Company measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date.

The Company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as longterm employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the year-end. Actuarial gains/ losses are immediately taken to the Statement of Profit and Loss and are not deferred. The Company presents the leave as a current liability in the balance sheet, to the extent it does not have an unconditional right to defer its settlement for 12 months after the reporting date. Where company has the unconditional legal and contractual right to defer the settlement for a period beyond 12 months, the same is presented as non-current liability.

n. Share based payments

Employees (including senior executives) of the Company receive remuneration in the form of share-based payments, whereby employees render services as consideration for equity instruments (equity-settled transactions).

Equity-settled transactions

The cost of equity-settled transactions is determined by the fair value at the date when the grant is made using an appropriate valuation model. That cost is recognised as employee benefits expense in the statement of profit and loss together with a corresponding increase in other equity as ''Share based payments reserve'' in lines with requirement as per Ind AS 102 (Share based payments), over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled. The cumulative expense recognised for equity settled transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period has expired and the Company''s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The statement of profit and loss expense or credit for a period represents the movement in cumulative expense recognised as at the beginning and end of that period and is recognised in employee benefits expense.

Service and non-market performance conditions are not taken into account when determining the grant date fair value of awards, but the likelihood of the conditions being met is assessed as part of the Company''s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. Market performance conditions are reflected within the grant date fair value. Any other conditions attached to an award, but without an associated service requirement, are considered to be non-vesting conditions. Non-vesting conditions are reflected in the fair value of an award and lead to an immediate expensing of an award unless there are also service and/or performance conditions.

No expense is recognised for awards that do not ultimately vest because non-market performance and/or service conditions have not been met. Where awards include a market or non-vesting condition, the transactions are treated as vested irrespective of whether the market or non-vesting condition is satisfied, provided that all other performance and/or service conditions are satisfied.

When the terms of an equity-settled award are modified, the minimum expense recognised is the expense had the terms had not been modified, if the original terms of the award are met. An additional expense is recognised for any modification that increases the total fair value of the share-based payment transaction, or is otherwise beneficial to the employee as measured at the date of modification. Where an award is cancelled by the entity or by the counterparty, any remaining element of the fair value of the award is expensed immediately through profit or loss.

The dilutive effect of outstanding options is reflected as additional share dilution in the computation of diluted earnings per share.

o. Income taxes

Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to or recovered from the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss is recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss is recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Minimum alternate tax (MAT) paid in a year is charged to the statement of profit and loss as current tax. The Company recognizes MAT credit available as deferred tax asset only to the extent it is probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of MAT credit to be utilised during the specified period, i.e., the period for which such credit is allowed to be utilised.

p. Segment reporting

Identification of segments

The Company''s operating businesses are organized and managed separately according to the nature of products and services provided, with each segment representing a strategic business unit that offers different products and serves different markets. The analysis of geographical segments is based on the areas in which the customers of the Company are located.

Allocation of common costs

Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment on a case to case basis applying the ratio, appropriate to each relevant case. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segment on a reasonable basis, are included under the head "Unallocated".

Unallocated items

Unallocated items include general corporate income and expense items which are not allocated to any business segment.

Segment accounting policies

The Company prepares its segment information in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for preparing and presenting the financial statements of the Company as a whole.

q. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

r. Provisions and contingent liabilities

- General Provisions

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. These estimates are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.

- Warranty Provisions

Provisions for warranty-related costs are recognised when the product is sold or service provided. Provision is based on technical estimates by the management based on past trends. The estimate of such warranty-related costs is revised annually.

- Contingent liabilities

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognised because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognised because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.

Provisions, contingent liabilities, contingent assets and commitments are reviewed at each balance sheet date.

s. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

t. Financial instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.

i. Financial Assets

Initial recognition and measurement

All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Financial assets are classified, at initial recognition and subsequently measured at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (OCI), and fair value through profit or loss.

The classification of financial assets at initial recognition depends on the financial asset''s contractual cash flow characteristics and the Company''s business model for managing them. With the exception of trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Company has applied the practical expedient, the Company initially measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs. Trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component or for which the Company has applied the practical expedient are measured at the transaction price determined under Ind AS 115. Refer to the accounting policies on Revenue from contracts with customers.

In order for a financial asset to be classified and measured at amortised cost or fair value through OCI, it needs to give rise to cash flows that are ''solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI)'' on the principal amount outstanding. This assessment is referred to as the SPPI test and is performed at an instrument level.

The Company''s business model for managing financial assets refers to how it manages its financial assets in order to generate cash flows. The business model determines whether cash flows will result from collecting contractual cash flows, selling the financial assets, or both.

Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular way trades) are recognised on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset.

Subsequent measurement

For purposes of subsequent measurement financial assets are classified in following categories:

- Debt instruments at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)

- Debt instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

- Debt instruments at amortized cost

- Equity instruments

Where assets are measured at fair value, gains and losses are either recognised entirely in the statement of profit and loss (i.e. fair value through profit or loss), or recognised in other comprehensive income (i.e. fair value through other comprehensive income). For investment in debt instruments, this will depend on the business model in which the investment is held. For investment in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for equity instruments at FVTOCI.

Debt instruments at amortized cost

A Debt instrument is measured at amortized cost if both the following conditions are met:

- The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and

- Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

This category is most relevant to the Company. After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of EIR. EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument but does not consider the expected credit losses. The EIR amortization is included in finance income in profit or loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the profit or loss. This category generally applies to trade and other receivables.

Debt instruments at fair value through OCI

A Debt instrument is measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if following criteria are met:

- Business Model Test: The objective of financial instrument is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and for selling financial assets.

- Cash flow characteristics test: The contractual terms of the Debt instrument give rise on specific dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on principal amount outstanding.

Debt instrument included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognised in the other comprehensive income (OCI), except for the recognition of interest income, impairment gains or losses and foreign exchange gains or losses which are recognised in statement of profit and loss. On derecognition of asset, cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from the equity to statement of profit and loss. Interest earned whilst holding FVTOCI financial asset is reported as interest income using the EIR method.

Debt instruments at FVTPL

FVTPL is a residual category for financial instruments. Any financial instrument, which does not meet the criteria for amortized cost or FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL. In addition, the Company may elect to designate a debt instrument, which otherwise meets amortized cost or FVTOCI criteria, as at FVTPL. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ''accounting mismatch''). The Company has not designated any debt instrument as at FVTPL.

Debt instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Equity Investment

All equity investments in scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading and contingent consideration recognised by an acquirer in a business combination to which Ind AS103 applies are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.

If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to P&L, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.

Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the P&L.

Derecognition

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a Company of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognised (i.e. removed from the Company''s statement of financial position) when:

- The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

- the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ''pass through'' arrangement and either;

- the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial assets or

- the Company has retained the contractual right to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

Where the Company has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the financial assets. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the entity has not transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the financial assets, the financial asset is not derecognised.

Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.

Impairment of financial assets

In accordance with IND AS 109, the Company applies expected credit losses (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial asset and credit risk exposure:

- Financial assets that are debt instruments, and are measured at amortised cost e.g., loans, debt securities, deposits, trade receivables and bank balance

- Financial assets that are debt instruments and are measured as at FVTOCI.

The Company follows ''simplified approach'' for recognition of impairment loss allowance on:

- Trade receivables or contract revenue receivables;

- All lease receivables resulting from the transactions within the scope of IND AS 17.

Under the simplified approach, the Company does not track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognizes impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition. The Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on the portfolio of trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of trade receivable and is adjusted for forward looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the forward looking estimates are analysed.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the Company reverts to recognizing impairment loss allowance based on 12- months ECL.

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. When estimating the cash flows, an entity is required to consider:

- All contractual terms of the financial instrument (including prepayment, extension, call and similar options) over the expected life of the financial instrument.

As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on portfolio of its trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivables and is adjusted for forward-looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the forward-looking estimates are analysed.

ii. Financial liabilities:

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are classified at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs. The Company financial liabilities include loans and borrowings including bank overdraft, trade payables, trade deposits, retention money, and liabilities towards services, sales incentive and other payables.

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Trade Payables

These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period. They are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using EIR method.

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are incurred for the purpose of repurchasing in the near term.

Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in IND AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognised in OCI. These gains/ losses are not subsequently transferred to profit and loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit and loss.

Loans and borrowings

Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction cost incurred. After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in statement of profit and loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortization process. Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or medication is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Embedded derivatives

An embedded derivative is a component of a hybrid (combined) instrument that also includes a non-derivative host contract with the effect that some of the cash flows of the combined instrument vary in a way similar to a standalone derivative. An embedded derivative causes some or all of the cash flows that otherwise would be required by the contract to be modified according to a specified interest rate, financial instrument price, commodity price, foreign exchange rate, index of prices or rates, credit rating or credit index, or other variable, provided in the case of a nonfinancial variable that the variable is not specific to a party to the contract. Reassessment only occurs if there is either a change in the terms of the contract that significantly modifies the cash flows that would otherwise be required or a reclassification of a financial asset out of the fair value through profit or loss.

If the hybrid contract contains a host that is a financial asset within the scope of Ind AS 109, the Company does not separate embedded derivatives. Rather, it applies the classification requirements contained in Ind AS 109 to the entire hybrid contract. Derivatives embedded in all other host contracts are accounted for as separate derivatives and recorded at fair value if their economic characteristics and risks are not closely related to those of the host contracts and the host contracts are not held for trading or designated at fair value though profit or loss. These embedded derivatives are measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognised in profit or loss, unless designated as effective hedging instruments.

Offsetting of financial instruments:

Financials assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

Reclassification of financial assets:

The Company determines classification of financial assets and liabilities on initial recognition. After initial recognition, no reclassification is made for financial assets which are equity instruments and financial liabilities. For financial assets which are debt instruments, a reclassification is made only if there is a change in the business model for managing those assets. Changes to the business model are expected to be infrequent. The Company''s senior management determines change in the business model as a result of external or internal changes which are significant to the Company''s operations. Such changes are evident to external parties. A change in the business model occurs when the Company either begins or ceases to perform an activity that is significant to its operations. If the Company reclassifies financial assets, it applies the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of the immediately next reporting period following the change in business model. The Company does not restate any previously recognised gains, losses (including impairment gains or losses) or interest.

Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting

Initial recognition and subsequent measurement

The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts, to hedge its foreign currency risks. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.

Any gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivatives are taken directly to profit or loss, except for the effective portion of cash flow hedges (if any), which is recognised in OCI and later reclassified to profit or loss when the hedge item affects profit or loss or treated as basis adjustment if a hedged forecast transaction subsequently results in the recognition of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability.

u. Fair value measurement

The Company measures financial instruments at fair value at each balance sheet date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

- In the principal market for asset or liability, or

- In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non- financial asset takes into account a market participant''s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

Level 1- Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2- Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.

Level 3- Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

v. Dividends

Provision is made for the amount of any dividend declared, being appropriately authorised and no longer at the discretion of the entity, on or before the end of the reporting period but not distributed at the end of the reporting period. As per the corporate laws in India, a distribution is authorised when it is approved by the shareholders.

2.1 Changes in accounting policies and disclosures

New and amended standards

The Company applied Ind AS 115 for the first time. The nature and effect of the changes as a result of adoption of these new accounting standards are described below.

Several other amendments and interpretations apply for the first time in March 2019, but do not have an impact on the financial statements of the Company. The Company has not early adopted any standards or amendments that have been issued but are not yet effective.

Ind AS 115 Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Ind AS 115 was issued on 28 March 2018 and supersedes Ind AS 11 Construction Contracts and Ind AS 18 Revenue and it applies, with limited exceptions, to all revenue arising from contracts with its customers. Ind AS 115 establishes a five-step model to account for revenue arising from contracts with customers and requires that revenue be recognised at an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer.

Ind AS 115 requires entities to exercise judgement, taking into consideration all of the relevant facts and circumstances when applying each step of the model to contracts with their customers. The standard also specifies the accounting for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract and the costs directly related to fulfilling a contract. In addition, the standard requires extensive disclosures.

The Company adopted Ind AS 115 using the modified retrospective method of adoption. The Company adopted Ind AS 115 using the modified retrospective method of adoption w.e.f April 01, 2018. Under the modified retrospective approach there were no significant adjustments required to the retained earnings at April 01, 2018. Also, the application of Ind AS 115 did not have any significant impact on recognition and measurement of revenue and related items in the financial statement.

Appendix B to Ind AS 21 Foreign Currency Transactions and Advance Considerations

The appendix clarifies that, in determining the spot exchange rate to use on initial recognition of the related asset, expense or income (or part of it) on the derecognition of a non-monetary asset or non-monetary liability relating to advance consideration, the date of the transaction is the date on which an entity initially recognises the non-monetary asset or non-monetary liability arising from the advance consideration. If there are multiple payments or receipts in advance, then the entity must determine the date of the transactions for each payment or receipt of advance consideration. This Interpretation does not have any impact on the Company''s financial statements.

Amendments to Ind AS 12 Recognition of Deferred Tax Assets for Unrealised Losses

The amendments clarify that an entity needs to consider whether tax law restricts the sources of taxable profits against which it may make deductions on the reversal of that deductible temporary difference. Furthermore, the amendments provide guidance on how an entity should determine future taxable profits and explain the circumstances in which taxable profit may include the recovery of some assets for more than their carrying amount.

Entities are required to apply the amendments retrospectively. However, on initial application of the amendments, the change in the opening equity of the earliest comparative period may be recognised in opening retained earnings (or in another component of equity, as appropriate), without allocating the change between opening retained earnings and other components of equity. Entities applying this relief must disclose that fact.

These amendments do not have any impact on the Company as the Company has no deductible temporary differences or assets that are in the scope of the amendments.

2.2 Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions

The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.

Judgements

In the process of applying the Company''s accounting policies, there are no significant judgements e

---

Mar 31, 2018

1.1 Summary of significant Accounting Policies

(a) Property, Plant and Equipment

Capital work in progress, plant and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Such cost includes the cost of replacing part of the plant and equipment and borrowing costs for long-term construction projects if the recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company depreciates them separately based on their specific useful lives. Likewise, when a major inspection is performed, its cost is recognised in the carrying amount of the plant and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred. The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision are met.

Land and buildings are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation on buildings and impairment losses, if any.

An item of property, plant and equipment and any significant part initially recognised is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of the asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognized.

Depreciation is provided under straight line basis using the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows -

Depreciation on Property, plant & equipment added / disposed-off during the year is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the date of addition/disposal. The management has estimated, supported by technical assessment by experts, the useful lives of certain plant and equipment as 3 years. These lives are lower than those indicated in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013. The management believes that these estimated useful lives are realistic and reflect fair approximation of the period over which the assets are likely to be used.

The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

The Company has applied IND AS-16 retrospectively to its property, plant & equipment and there was no impact thereof on the financial statements.

(b) Intangible Assets

Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Internally generated intangible assets, excluding capitalized development costs, are not capitalized and expenditure is reflected in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which the expenditure is incurred.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite.

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortised over the useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortised, but are tested for impairment annually, either individually or at the cash-generating unit level. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in useful life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Intangible assets being Specialised Software and Technical Knowhow are amortised on a straight line basis over their useful life (estimated by the management) of 3 years and 10 years respectively.

(c) Leases

The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.

A lease is classified at the inception date as a finance lease or an operating lease.

Where the Company is Lessee

A lease that transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the Company is classified as a finance lease. Finance leases are capitalised at the commencement of the lease at the inception date fair value of the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. A leased asset is depreciated over the useful life of the asset. However, if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term, the asset is depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease term.

Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Where the Company is the Lessor

Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Assets subject to operating leases are included in Property, plant & equipment. Lease income on an operating lease is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Costs, including depreciation, are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Leases are classified as finance leases when substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership transfer from the Company to the lessee. Amounts due from lessees under finance leases are recorded as receivables at the Company’s net investment in the leases. Finance lease income is allocated to accounting periods so as to reflect a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment outstanding in respect of the lease.

(d) Borrowing Costs

Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the borrowings and exchange differences to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition or construction of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are capitalized as part of the cost of the asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the year they occur.

(e) Impairment of Non-Financial Assets

The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset’s recoverable amount. An asset’s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s or cash-generating unit’s (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. The recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or Companys of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining net selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.

The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and forecast calculations which are prepared separately for each of the Company’s cash-generating units to which the individual assets are allocated. Impairment losses of continuing operations, including impairment on inventories, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

For assets, an assessment is made at each reporting date to determine whether there is an indication that previously recognised impairment losses no longer exist or have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company estimates the asset’s or CGU’s recoverable amount. A previously recognised impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognised. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment annually at the CGU level, as appropriate, and when circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.

(f) Government Grants

Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that (i) the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them, and (ii) the grant/subsidy will be received.

When the grant or subsidy relates to revenue, it is recognized as income on a systematic basis in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the periods necessary to match them with the related costs, which they are intended to compensate. Where the grant relates to an asset, it is recognised as income in equal amounts over the expected useful life of the related asset.

When the Company receives grants of non-monetary assets, the asset and the grant are recorded at fair value amounts and released to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the expected useful life in a pattern of consumption of the benefit of the underlying asset i.e. by equal annual instalments. When loans or similar assistance are provided by governments or related institutions, with an interest rate below the current applicable market rate, the effect of this favourable interest is regarded as a government grant. The loan or assistance is initially recognised and measured at fair value and the government grant is measured as the difference between the initial carrying value of the loan and the proceeds received. The loan is subsequently measured as per the accounting policy applicable to financial liabilities.

(g) Inventories

Raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. However, materials and other items held for use in the production of inventories are not written down below cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost of raw materials, components, stores and spares is determined on moving weighted average method.

Work-in-progress, finished goods and traded goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes direct materials and labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating capacity. Cost of finished goods is determined on weighted average basis.

Saleable scrap, whose cost is not identifiable, is valued at net realisable value.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

(h) Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is made. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment and excluding taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government. The Company has concluded that it is the “principal” in all of its revenue arrangements since it is the primary obligor in all the revenue arrangements as it has pricing latitude and is also exposed to inventory and credit risks.

Based on the Educational Material on Ind AS 18 issued by the ICAI, the Company considers that recovery of excise duty flows to the Company on its own account. This is for the reason that it is a liability of the manufacturer which forms part of the cost of production, irrespective of whether the goods are sold or not. Since the recovery of excise duty flows to the Company on its own account, revenue includes excise duty. However, Sales tax/ value added tax (VAT)/ Goods and Service Tax is not received by the Company on its own account. It is collected on behalf of the government and accordingly, it is excluded from revenue.

The following specific recognition criteria must also be met before revenue is recognized:

Sale of Goods

Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer, usually on delivery of the goods. Revenue from the sale of goods is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of returns and allowances, trade discounts and volume rebates.

(i) Foreign Currency Transactions and Balances

The financial statements are presented in INR, which is the Company’s functional currency.

Foreign currency transactions are initially recorded at functional currency spot rates at the date the transaction first qualifies for recognition.

Foreign currency monetary items are translated using the functional currency spot rates prevailing at the reporting date. Non-monetary items, which are measured in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency, are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary items, which are measured at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign currency, are translated using the exchange rate at the date when such value was determined.

Exchange differences arising on the settlement or translation of monetary items are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise.

(j) Retirement and other Employee Benefits

Retirement benefit in the form of Provident Fund and Superannuation Schemes are defined contribution schemes. The Company has no obligation, other than the contribution payable to the respective funds. The Company recognizes contribution payable to the provident fund scheme as an expenditure, when an employee renders the related service. If the contribution payable to the scheme for service received before the balance sheet date exceeds the contribution already paid, the deficit payable to the scheme is recognized as a liability after deducting the contribution already paid. If the contribution already paid exceeds the contribution due for services received before the balance sheet date, then excess is recognized as an asset to the extent that the prepayment will lead to, for example, a reduction in future payment or a cash refund.

Gratuity liability is funded defined benefit obligation and is provided for on the basis of actuarial valuation done on projected unit credit method at the balance sheet date.

Re-measurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognised immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through Other Comprehensive Income in the period in which they occur. Re-measurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

The Company treats accumulated leaves expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long term employee benefit for measurement purposes. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the end of each financial year. The Company presents the leave as current liability in the balance sheet, to the extent it does not have an unconditional right to defer its settlement beyond 12 months after the reporting date. Where the Company has unconditional legal and contractual right to defer the settlement for the period beyond 12 months, the same is presented as non-current liability. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to the Statement of Profit and Loss and are not deferred.

(k) Income Taxes

Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to or recovered from the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss is recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss is recognised outside Statement of Profit and Loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity).

Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Minimum alternate tax (MAT) paid in a year is charged to the statement of profit and loss as current tax. The Company recognizes MAT credit available as deferred tax asset only to the extent it is probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of MAT credit to be utilised during the specified period, i.e., the period for which such credit is allowed to be utilised.

(l) Segment Reporting

Identification of Segments

The Company’s operating businesses are organized and managed separately according to the nature of products and services provided, with each segment representing a strategic business unit that offers different products and serves different markets. The analysis of geographical segments is based on the areas in which the customers of the Company are located.

Allocation of Common Costs

Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment on a case to case basis applying the ratio, appropriate to each relevant case. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segment on a reasonable basis, are included under the head “Unallocated”.

Unallocated Items

Unallocated items include general corporate income and expense items which are not allocated to any business segment.

Segment Accounting Policies

The Company prepares its segment information in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for preparing and presenting the financial statements of the Company as a whole.

(m) Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

(n) Provisions

A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost. These estimates are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

(n)(a) Warranty Provisions

Provisions for warranty-related costs are recognised when the product is sold or service provided. Provision is based on historical experience. The estimate of such warranty-related costs is revised annually.

(o) Contingent Liabilities

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.

(p) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

(q) Financial Instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.

Financial Assets

Initial Recognition and Measurement

All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.

Subsequent Measurement

Subsequent measurement of financial assets is described below -Debt instruments at amortised cost

A ‘debt instrument’ is measured at the amortised cost if both the following conditions are met:

a) The asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and

b) Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method.

Equity Investments

All equity investments in scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income, subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.

If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to the Statement of Profit and Loss, even on sale of investment.

Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derecognition

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a Company of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognised (i.e. removed from the Company’s balance sheet) when:

- The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or

- The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ‘pass-through’ arrangement; and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

Impairment of Non-Financial Assets

The Company assesses, at each reporting date, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset’s recoverable amount. An asset’s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s or cash-generating unit’s (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. Recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or Company’s of assets. When the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining net selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.

The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and forecast calculations, which are prepared separately for each of the Company’s CGUs to which the individual assets are allocated. Impairment losses of continuing operations, including impairment on inventories, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

For assets, an assessment is made at each reporting date to determine whether there is an indication that previously recognised impairment losses no longer exist or have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company estimates the asset’s or CGU’s recoverable amount. A previously recognised impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognised. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognised in the Statement of Profit or Loss.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment annually at the CGU level, as appropriate, and when circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired.

After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.

Financial Liabilities

Initial Recognition and Measurement

Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, payables, or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge, as appropriate.

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

Subsequent Measurement Loans and Borrowings

After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the liabilities are derecognised.

Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

a. Trade receivables are partly interest bearing and are generally on terms of 0 to 45 days.

b. For ageing analysis of trade receivables, refer Note 39.

c. Trade Receivable are hypothecated against the borrowings obtained by the Company as referred in Note 13.

d. No trade receivable are due from directors or other officers of the Company either severally or jointly with any other person. Nor any trade receivable are due from firms or private companies respectively in which any director is a partner, a director or a member.