Accounting Policies of Triveni Turbine Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2023

Corporate information

Triveni Turbine Limited ("the Company”) is a company limited by shares, incorporated, domiciled in India. The Company’s equity shares are listed at two recognised stock exchanges in India (BSE and NSE). The registered office of the Company is located at A-44, Hosiery Complex, Phase II extension, Noida, Uttar Pradesh- 201305. The Company is primarily engaged in business of manufacture and supply of power generating equipment and solutions and has manufacturing facilities at Bengaluru, Karnataka.

Note 1: Accounting policies

(a) Basis of preparation and presentation

(i) Compliance with Ind AS

The financial statements comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the Act), Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 (as amended) and other relevant provisions of the Act.

(ii) Historical cost convention

The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for certain assets and liabilities (including derivative instruments) that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period, as explained in the accounting policies below.

Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company takes into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Fair value for measurement and/or disclosure purposes in these financial statements is determined on such a basis, except for leasing transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 116 Leases, and measurements that have some similarities to fair value but are not fair value, such as net realisable value in Ind AS 2 Inventories or value

in use in Ind AS 36 Impairment of Assets.

Significant accounting policies

This note provides a list of the significant accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented except where a newly issued accounting standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.

(b) Revenue recognition

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when control of the goods or services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Revenue from Contracts is measured at transaction price net of variable consideration. Transaction price are net of returns, trade allowances, rebates, other similar allowances, goods & services tax and amounts collected on behalf of third parties, if any.

Recognising revenue from major business activities

(i) Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised at point in time when controls of promised goods are transferred to the customer (i.e. upon satisfaction of performance obligation).

(ii) Rendering of services

Revenue from a contract to provide services is recognised when the outcome of a performance obligation involving the rendering of services can be estimated reliably. Satisfaction of performance obligation of the contract is determined as follows:

• erection and commissioning/service revenue is recognised by reference to the stage of completion of the erection & commissioning/ service, determined based on technical estimate of completion of physical proportion of the contract work;

• operation and maintenance revenue is recognised over time using an input method to measure progress towards complete satisfaction of the

(v) Rental income

The Company’s policy for recognition of revenue from operating leases is described in note 1(e) below.

(vi) Export incentives

Export incentives are recognized as income when the Company is entitled to the incentive as per the terms of the scheme in respect of the exports made and where it is probable that the Company will collect such incentive proceeds.

(c) Interest income

I nterest income from a financial asset is recognised when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to that asset’s net carrying amount on initial recognition.

(d) Government grants

Grants from the government are recognised where there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the Company will comply with all attached conditions.

Government grants relating to income are deferred and recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the period necessary to match them with the costs that they are intended to compensate and presented either within other income or net of related costs.

Government grants that are receivable as compensation for expenses or losses already incurred or for the purpose of giving immediate financial support to the Company with no future related costs are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they become receivable.

(e) Leases Company as a lessee

The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

service because the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company.

(iii) Construction contracts

When the outcome of a construction contract can be estimated reliably, revenue is recognised by reference to the stage of completion of the contract activity at the end of the reporting period, measured based on the proportion of contract costs incurred for work performed to date relative to the estimated total contract costs, except where this would not be representative of the stage of completion. Variations in contract work, claims and incentive payments are included to the extent that the amount can be measured reliably and its receipt is considered probable.

When the outcome of a construction contract cannot be estimated reliably, contract revenue is recognised to the extent of contract costs incurred that it is probable will be recoverable. Contract costs are recognised as expenses in the period in which they are incurred.

When it is probable that total contract costs will exceed total contract revenue, the expected loss is recognised as an expense immediately

When contract costs incurred to date plus recognised profits less recognised losses exceed progress billings, the surplus is shown as amounts due from customers for contract work. For contracts where progress billings exceed contract costs incurred to date plus recognised profits less recognised losses, the surplus is shown as the amounts due to customers for contract work. Amounts received before the related work is performed are included in the Balance Sheet, as a liability, as advances received. Amounts billed for work performed but not yet paid by the customer are included in the Balance Sheet under trade receivables.

(iv) Royalties

Income from royalty is recognised as per the contractual arrangement with the Licensee upon supply of turbine manufactured with the technical know-how provided by the Company to the Licensee (provided that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably).

The Company applies a single recognition and measurement approach for all leases, except for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognises lease liabilities to make lease payments and right-of-use assets representing the right to use the underlying assets.

(i) Right-of-use assets

The Company recognises right-of-use (ROU) assets at the commencement date of the lease (i.e., the date the underlying asset is available for use). ROU assets are measured at cost, less any accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, and adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liabilities. The cost of ROU assets includes the amount of lease liabilities recognised, initial direct costs incurred, and lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received. ROU assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows:

• Office Premises: 2- 9 Years

• Vehicles and other equipments: 5 years

(ii) Lease Liabilities

At the commencement date of the lease, the Company recognises lease liabilities measured at the present value of lease payments to be made over the lease term. The lease payments include fixed payments less any amounts expected to be paid under residual value guarantees.

In calculating the present value of lease payments, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date because the interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. After the commencement date, the amount of lease liabilities is increased to reflect the accretion of interest and reduced for the lease payments made. In addition, the carrying amount of lease liabilities is remeasured if there is a modification, a change in the lease term, a change in the lease payments.

(iii) Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets

The Company applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to its short-term leases of premises taken on rent and office equipment (i.e., those leases that have a

lease term of 12 months or less from the commencement date and do not contain a purchase option). It also applies the lease of low-value assets recognition exemption to leases of office equipment that are considered to be low value. Lease payments on short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised as expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Company as a lessor

Lease income from operating leases where the Company is a lessor is recognised in income on a straight-line basis over the lease term unless the receipts are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the expected inflationary cost increases. The respective leased assets are included in the Balance Sheet based on their nature.

(f) Foreign currency translation

(i) Functional and presentation currency

The financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (''), which is Company’s functional and presentation currency unless stated otherwise.

(ii) Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise and these are deferred in equity if they relate to qualifying cash flow hedges.

Foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a net basis within other gains/(losses).

(g) Impairment of non-financial assets

Non- financial assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately

identifiable cash inflows which are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets (cash-generating units). Non-financial assets that suffered impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at the end of each reporting period.

I f, at the reporting date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable amount. Impairment losses previously recognised are accordingly reversed in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(h) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalized during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale. Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.

(i) Income tax

I ncome tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

(i) Current tax

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from ‘profit before tax’ as reported in the Statement of Profit and Loss because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company’s current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

(ii) Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable

temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. In addition, deferred tax liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of goodwill.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

iii) Current and deferred tax for the year

Current and deferred tax are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in Other Comprehensive Income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in Other Comprehensive Income or directly in equity respectively. Where current tax or deferred tax arises from the initial accounting for a business combination, the tax effect is included in the accounting for the business combination. The Company offsets current tax assets and current tax liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right to setoff the recognised amounts and where it intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

(j) Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are tangible items that are held for use in the production or supply for goods and services, rental to others or for administrative purposes and are expected to be used during more than one period. The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment shall be recognised as an asset if and only if it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. Freehold land is carried at cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.

Each part of item of property, plant and equipment, if significant in relation to the total cost of the item, is depreciated separately. Further, parts of plant and equipment that are technically advised to be replaced at prescribed intervals/period of operation, insurance spares and cost of inspection/overhauling are depreciated separately based on their specific useful life provided these are of significant amounts commensurate with the size of the Company and scale of its operations. The carrying amount of any equipment / inspection / overhauling accounted for as separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Depreciation commences when the assets are ready for their intended use. Depreciation is calculated using

the straight-line method to allocate their cost, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives.

The management has estimated the useful lives and residual values of all property, plant and equipment and adopted useful lives as stated in Schedule II which are as follows:

Class of assets	Useful life
Building	5- 60 Years
Plant and Equipment	5- 15 Years
Office Equipment	5 Years
Furniture and Fixtures	10 Years
Vehicle	10 Years
Computers	3-6 Years

The residual value of property, plant and equipment has been considered 5% or less of the original cost of assets as applicable.

• On the basis of technical assessment involving technology obsolescence and past experience:

o patterns, tools, jigs, fixtures etc. are depreciated over three years.

o machinery spares are depreciated over a life ranging from three to five years.

• Assets costing less than '' 5,000/- are fully depreciated in the year of purchase.

The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.

The property, plant and equipment acquired under finance leases is depreciated over the asset’s useful life or over the shorter of the asset’s useful life and the lease term if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership at the end of the lease term.

(k) Intangible assets

Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Amortisation is recognised on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful life

and amortisation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis.

Estimated useful lives of the intangible assets are as follows:

Assets	Estimated useful life
Computer software	3 - 5 Years
Website development cost	3 Years
Designs and drawings	6 Years

An intangible asset is derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset, measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.

Research and development costs

Research costs are expensed as incurred. Development expenditures on an individual project are recognised as an intangible asset when the Company can demonstrate:

• the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that the asset will be available for use or sale;

• its intention to complete and its ability and intention to use or sell the asset;

• how the asset will generate probable future economic benefits;

• the availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell the asset; and

• the ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to asset during its development.

The amount initially recognised for intangible assets is the sum of the expenditure incurred from the date when the intangible asset first meets the recognition criteria listed above. Where no intangible assets can be recognised, development expenditure is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which

it is incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, such intangible assets are reported at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, on the same basis as of acquired intangible assets.

(l) Inventories

(i) I nventories of raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost for the purpose of valuation of such inventories is determined on weighted average basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

(ii) Finished goods and work-in-progress are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. The cost of finished goods and work-in-progress includes raw material costs, direct cost of conversion and proportionate allocation of indirect costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

Net realisable value of finished goods is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. The net realisable value of work-in-progress is determined with reference to the selling prices of related finished goods. Raw materials, components and other supplies held for use in the production of finished products are not written down below cost except in cases when a decline in the price of materials indicates that the cost of the finished products shall exceed the net realisable value

(m) Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are determined by

discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as interest expense.

When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, a receivable is recognised as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.

(n) Contract assets/trade receivables and contract liabilities

Contract assets: A contract asset is the right to consideration in exchange for goods or services transferred to the customer. If the Company performs by transferring goods or services to a customer before the customer pays consideration or before payment is due, a contract asset is recognised for the earned consideration and are transferred to trade receivables on completion of milestones and its related invoicing. Contract assets are recorded in balance sheet as unbilled revenue.

Trade receivables: A receivable represents the Company’s right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional (i.e., only the passage of time is required before payment of the consideration is due).

Contract liabilities: A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Company transfers goods or services to the customer, a contract liability is recognised when the payment is made or the payment is due (whichever is earlier). Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the Company satisfies the performance obligation. Contract liabilities are recorded in balance sheet as unearned revenue and customer advances as the case may be.

(o) Employee benefits

(i) Short-term obligations

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including nonmonetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which

the employees render the related service are recognised in respect of employees’ services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the undiscounted amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current benefit obligations in the Balance Sheet.

(ii) Other long-term employee benefit obligations

Other long-term employee benefits include earned leaves, sick leaves and employee retention bonus.

Earned leaves and sick leaves

The liabilities for earned leaves and sick leaves are not expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service. They are therefore measured at the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the end of the reporting period using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual reporting period. The benefits are discounted using the market yields on government bonds at the end of the reporting period that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation. Remeasurements as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The obligations are presented as provisions in the Balance Sheet.

Employee retention bonus

The Company, as a part of retention policy, pays retention bonus to certain employees after completion of specified period of service. The timing of the outflows is expected to be within a period of five years. They are therefore measured at the present value of expected future payments at the end of each annual reporting period in accordance with management best estimates. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss with corresponding provisions in the Balance Sheet.

(iii) Post-employment obligations

The Company operates the following post-employment schemes:

• defined benefit plan towards payment of gratuity; and

• defined contribution plans towards provident fund & employee pension scheme, employee state insurance and superannuation scheme.

Defined benefit plans

The Company provides for gratuity obligations through a defined benefit retirement plan (the ‘Gratuity Plan’) covering all employees. The Gratuity Plan provides a lump sum payment to vested employees at retirement/ termination of employment or death of an employee, based on the respective employees’ salary and years of employment with the Company.

The liability or asset recognised in the Balance Sheet in respect of the defined benefit plan is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined using projected unit credit method by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual reporting period.

The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in Other Comprehensive Income. They are included in retained earnings in the statement of changes in equity and in the Balance Sheet.

Defined contribution plans

Defined contribution plans are retirement benefit plans under which the Company pays fixed contributions to separate entities (funds) or financial institutions or state managed benefit schemes. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The defined contributions plans are recognised as employee benefit expense when they are due. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in the future payments is available.

• Provident Fund Plan & Employee Pension Scheme

The Company makes monthly contributions at prescribed rates towards Employees’ Provident Fund/ Employees’ Pension Scheme to a Fund administered and managed by the Government of India.

• Employee State Insurance

The Company makes prescribed monthly contributions towards Employees’ State Insurance Scheme.

• Superannuation Scheme

The Company contributes towards a fund established by the Company to provide superannuation benefit to certain employees in terms of Group Superannuation Policies entered into by such fund with the Life Insurance Corporation of India.

(p) Dividends

Provision is made for the amount of any dividend declared, being appropriately authorised and no longer at the discretion of the Company, on or before the end of the reporting period but not distributed by the end of the reporting period.

(q) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three month or less that are readily convertible into known amount of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

(r) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

(s) Financial assets

(i) Classification

The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:

• those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through Other Comprehensive Income, or through profit or loss), and

• those measured at amortised cost.

The classification depends on the Company’s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.

For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in profit or loss or Other Comprehensive Income. For assets in the nature of debt instruments, this will depend on the business model. For assets in the nature of equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity instrument at fair value through Other Comprehensive Income.

The Company reclassifies debt instruments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.

(ii) Measurement

At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset (except for trade receivable which is measured at transaction price) at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not measured at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss.

Debt instruments

Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Company’s business model for managing the asset and the cash flow characteristics of the asset. There are three measurement categories into which the Company classifies its debt instruments:

• Amortised cost: Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows

represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at amortised cost is recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is recognised using the effective interest rate method.

• Fair value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI): Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assets’ cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at fair value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI). Movements in the carrying amount are taken through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenue and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss. When the financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from equity to profit or loss and recognised in other gains/(losses). Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method.

• Fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL): Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or FVTOCI are measured at fair value through profit or loss. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss is recognised in profit or loss and presented net in the in Statement of Profit and Loss within other gains/(losses) in the period in which it arises. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income.

Equity instruments

The Company subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value, except for equity investments in subsidiary and joint venture where the Company has the option to either measure it at cost or fair value. The Company has opted to measure equity investments in subsidiary and joint venture at cost. Where the Company’s management elects to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in Other Comprehensive Income, there is no subsequent

reclassification of fair value gains and losses to profit or loss. Dividends from such investments are recognised in profit or loss as other income when the Company’s right to receive payments is established.

(iii) Impairment of financial assets

I n accordance with Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss associated with its financial assets carried at amortised cost and FVTOCI debt instruments.

For trade receivables or any contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset that result from transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 115 Revenue from contracts with customers, the Company applies simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected life time losses to be recognised after initial recognition of receivables. For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, twelve months ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the entity reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on twelve-months ECL.

ECL represents expected credit loss resulting from all possible defaults and is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive, discounted at the original effective interest rate. While determining cash flows, cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms are also considered.

ECL is determined with reference to historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivables and is adjusted for forward looking estimates. Note 36 details how the Company determines expected credit loss.

A financial asset is derecognised only when

• the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset; or

• retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

Where the Company has transferred an asset, it evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the Company has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognised.

Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retained substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.

On derecognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in Other Comprehensive Income and accumulated in equity is recognised in profit or loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in profit or loss on disposal of that financial asset.

On derecognition of a financial asset other than in its entirety, the Company allocates the previous carrying amount of the financial asset between the part it continues to recognise under continuing involvement, and the part it no longer recognises on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts on the date of the transfer. The difference between the carrying amount allocated to the part that is no longer recognised and the sum of the consideration received for the part no longer recognised and any cumulative gain or loss allocated to it that had been recognised in Other Comprehensive Income is recognised in profit or loss if such gain or loss

would have otherwise been recognised in profit or loss on disposal of that financial asset. A cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in Other Comprehensive Income is allocated between the part that continues to be recognised and the part that is no longer recognised on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts.

(v) Effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument but does not consider the expected credit losses. Income is recognised on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets classified as at FVTPL.

(t) Financial liabilities and equity instruments (i) Classification

Debt and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

Equity instruments

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting all of its liabilities.

Financial liabilities

The Company classifies its financial liabilities in the following measurement categories:

• those to be measured subsequently at fair value through profit or loss, and

• those measured at amortised cost.

Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPL when the financial liability is held for trading or it is designated as at FVTPL, other financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods.

(ii) Measurement Equity instruments

Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognised at the proceeds received. Transaction cost of equity transactions shall be accounted for as a deduction from equity.

Financial liabilities

At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial liability at its fair value net of, in the case of a financial liability not measured at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issue of the financial liability. Transaction costs of financial liability carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss.

Subsequent measurement of financial liabilities depends on the classification of financial liabilities. There are two measurement categories into which the Company classifies its financial liabilities:

• Fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL): Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPL when the financial liability is held for trading or it is designated as at FVTPL. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are stated at fair value, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurement recognised in profit or loss.

• Amortised cost: Financial liabilities that are not held-for-trading and are not designated as at FVTPL are measured at amortised cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods. The carrying amounts of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at amortised cost are determined based on the effective interest method. Interest expense that is not capitalised as part of costs of an asset is included in the ‘Finance costs’ line item.

(iii) Derecognition Equity instruments

Repurchase of the Company’s own equity instruments is recognised and deducted directly in equity. No gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Company’s own equity instruments.

The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company’s obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. An exchange with a lender of debt instruments with substantially different terms is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. Similarly, a substantial modification of the terms of an existing financial liability (whether or not attributable to the financial difficulty of the debtor) is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognised and the consideration paid and payable is recognised in profit or loss.

(iv) Effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments through the expected life of the financial liability to the gross carrying amount of a financial liability

(v) Foreign exchange gains and losses

For financial liabilities that are denominated in a foreign currency and are measured at amortised cost at the end of each reporting period, the foreign exchange gains and losses are determined based on the amortised cost of the instruments and are recognised in ‘Other income’. The fair value of financial liabilities denominated in a foreign currency is determined in that foreign currency and translated at the spot rate at the end of the reporting period.

(u) Offsetting financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.

(v) Fair value of financial instruments

Fair value measurements are categorised into Level

1, 2 or 3 based on the degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety, which are described as follows:

• Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company can access at the measurement date;

• Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included within Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

• Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

(w) Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting

The Company uses derivative financial instruments i.e. forward currency contracts to hedge its foreign currency risks. These derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.

For the purpose of hedge accounting, the Company has classified hedges as Cash flow hedges wherein it hedges the exposure to the variability in cash flows that is either attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognised asset or liability or a highly probable forecast transaction or the foreign currency risk in an unrecognised firm commitment.

At the inception of a hedge relationship, the Company formally designates and documents the hedge relationship to which the Company contemplates to apply hedge accounting and the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge in compliance with Company’s hedge policy. The documentation includes the company’s risk management objective and strategy for undertaking hedge, the hedging/ economic relationship, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged, hedge ratio and how the entity will assess the effectiveness of changes in the hedging instrument’s fair value in offsetting the exposure to changes in the hedged item’s fair value or cash

flows attributable to the hedged risk. Such hedges are expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows and are assessed on an ongoing basis to determine that they actually have been highly effective throughout the financial reporting periods for which they were designated. Any hedge ineffectiveness is calculated and accounted for in Statement of profit or loss at the time of hedge relationship rebalancing.

The effective portion of changes in the fair value of the hedging instruments is recognised in Other Comprehensive Income and accumulated in the cash flow hedging reserve. Such amounts are reclassified in to the profit or loss when the related hedge items affect profit or loss, such as when the hedged financial income or financial expense is recognised or when a forecast sale occurs. When the hedged item is the cost of a nonfinancial asset or non-financial liability, the amounts recognised as OCI are transferred to the initial carrying amount of the non-financial asset or liability.

Any ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative or if the hedging instrument no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, is recognised immediately in profit or loss. If the hedging relationship ceases to meet the effectiveness conditions, hedge accounting is discontinued and the related gain or loss is held in cash flow hedging reserve until the forecast transaction occurs.

(x) Recent accounting pronouncements

Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA”) notifies new standard or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. On March 31, 2023, MCA issued the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2023, applicable from April 1, 2023, as below:

1) I nd AS 1 - Presentation of Financial Statements: The amendments require companies to disclose their material accounting policies rather than their significant accounting policies. Accounting policy information, together with other information included in an entity’s financial statements, is material when it can reasonably be expected to influence decisions of primary users of general purpose

financial statements. The Company has evaluated the amendment and does not expect to have any significant impact in its financial statements.

2) Ind AS 8 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors: The amendment has introduced a definition of‘accounting estimates’to help entities distinguish changes in accounting policies from changes in accounting estimates. Under the new definition, accounting estimates are "monetary amounts in financial statements that are subject to measurement uncertainty”. Entities develop accounting estimates if accounting policies require items in financial statements to be measured in a way that involves measurement uncertainty. The Company has evaluated the amendment and does not expect to have any significant impact in its financial statements.

3) Ind AS 12 - Income Taxes: The amendments clarify how companies account for deferred tax on transactions such as leases and decommissioning obligations. The amendments narrowed the scope of the recognition exemption in paragraphs 15 and 24 of Ind AS 12 (recognition exemption) so that it no longer applies to transactions that, on initial recognition, give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences. The Company does not expect this amendment to have any significant impact in its financial statements.

Note 2: Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of financial statements requires the use of accounting estimates which, by definition, will seldom equal the actual results. Management also needs to exercise judgement in applying the Company’s accounting policies.

This note provides an overview of the areas that involved a higher degree of judgement or complexity, and of items which are more likely to be materially adjusted due to estimates and assumptions turning out to be different than those originally assessed.

Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated. They are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that may have a financial impact on the Company and that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

(a) Key s

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Mar 31, 2022

Corporate information

Triveni Turbine Limited ("the Company”) is a company limited by shares, incorporated, domiciled in India. The Company’s equity shares are listed at two recognised stock exchanges in India (BSE and NSE). The registered office of the Company is located at A-44, Hosiery Complex, Phase II extension, Noida, Uttar Pradesh-201305. The Company is primarily engaged in business of manufacture and supply of power generating equipment and solutions and has manufacturing facilities at Bengaluru, Karnataka.

Note 1: Significant accounting policies

This note provides a list of the significant accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented except where a newly issued accounting standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.

(a) Basis of preparation and presentation

(i) Compliance with Ind AS

The financial statements comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the Act), Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 (as amended) and other relevant provisions of the Act.

(ii) Historical cost convention

The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for certain assets and liabilities (including derivative instruments) that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period, as explained in the accounting policies below.

Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company

takes into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Fair value for measurement and/or disclosure purposes in these financial statements is determined on such a basis, except for leasing transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 116 Leases, and measurements that have some similarities to fair value but are not fair value, such as net realisable value in Ind AS 2 Inventories or value in use in Ind AS 36 Impairment of Assets.

(b) Revenue recognition

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when control of the goods or services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Revenue from Contracts is measured at transaction price net of variable consideration. Transaction price are net of returns, trade allowances, rebates, other similar allowances, goods & services tax and amounts collected on behalf of third parties, if any.

Recognising revenue from major business activities

(i) Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised at point in time when controls of promised goods are transferred to the customer (i.e. upon satisfaction of performance obligation).

(ii) Rendering of services

Revenue from a contract to provide services is recognised when the outcome of a performance obligation involving the rendering of services can be estimated reliably. Satisfaction of performance obligation of the contract is determined as follows:

• erection and commissioning/service revenue is recognised by reference to the stage of completion of the erection & commissioning/ service, determined based on technical estimate of completion of physical proportion of the contract work;

• operation and maintenance revenue is recognised over time using an input method to measure progress towards complete satisfaction of the service because the

customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company.

(iii) Interest income

Interest income from a financial asset is recognised when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to that asset’s net carrying amount on initial recognition.

(iv) Construction contracts

When the outcome of a construction contract can be estimated reliably, revenue is recognised by reference to the stage of completion of the contract activity at the end of the reporting period, measured based on the proportion of contract costs incurred for work performed to date relative to the estimated total contract costs, except where this would not be representative of the stage of completion. Variations in contract work, claims and incentive payments are included to the extent that the amount can be measured reliably and its receipt is considered probable.

When the outcome of a construction contract cannot be estimated reliably, contract revenue is recognised to the extent of contract costs incurred that it is probable will be recoverable. Contract costs are recognised as expenses in the period in which they are incurred.

When it is probable that total contract costs will exceed total contract revenue, the expected loss is recognised as an expense immediately.

When contract costs incurred to date plus recognised profits less recognised losses exceed progress billings, the surplus is shown as amounts due from customers for contract work. For contracts where progress billings exceed contract costs incurred to date plus recognised profits less recognised losses, the surplus is shown

as the amounts due to customers for contract work. Amounts received before the related work is performed are included in the Balance Sheet, as a liability, as advances received. Amounts billed for work performed but not yet paid by the customer are included in the Balance Sheet under trade receivables.

(v) Royalties

Income from royalty is recognised as per the contractual arrangement with the Licensee upon supply of turbine manufactured with the technical know-how provided by the Company to the Licensee (provided that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably).

(vi) Rental income

The Company’s policy for recognition of revenue from operating leases is described in note 1(d) below.

(vii) Export incentives

Export incentives are recognized as income when the Company is entitled to the incentive as per the terms of the scheme in respect of the exports made and where it is probable that the Company will collect such incentive proceeds.

(c) Government grants

Grants from the government are recognised where there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the Company will comply with all attached conditions.

Government grants relating to income are deferred and recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the period necessary to match them with the costs that they are intended to compensate and presented either within other income or net of related costs.

Government grants that are receivable as compensation for expenses or losses already incurred or for the purpose of giving immediate financial support to the Company with no future related costs are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they become receivable.

(d) Leases

Company as a lessee

The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

The Company applies a single recognition and measurement approach for all leases, except for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognises lease liabilities to make lease payments and right-of-use assets representing the right to use the underlying assets.

(i) Right-of-use assets

The Company recognises right-of-use (ROU) assets at the commencement date of the lease (i.e., the date the underlying asset is available for use). ROU assets are measured at cost, less any accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, and adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liabilities. The cost of ROU assets includes the amount of lease liabilities recognised, initial direct costs incurred, and lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received. ROU assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows:

• Office Premises: 2- 9 Years

• Vehicles and other equipments: 5 years

(ii) Lease Liabilities

At the commencement date of the lease, the Company recognises lease liabilities measured at the present value of lease payments to be made over the lease term. The lease payments include fixed payments less any amounts expected to be paid under residual value guarantees.

In calculating the present value of lease payments, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date because the interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. After the commencement date, the amount of lease liabilities is increased to reflect

the accretion of interest and reduced for the lease payments made. In addition, the carrying amount of lease liabilities is remeasured if there is a modification, a change in the lease term, a change in the lease payments.

(iii) Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets

The Company applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to its short-term leases of premises taken on rent and office equipment (i.e., those leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less from the commencement date and do not contain a purchase option). It also applies the lease of low-value assets recognition exemption to leases of office equipment that are considered to be low value. Lease payments on short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised as expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Company as a lessor

Lease income from operating leases where the Company is a lessor is recognised in income on a straight-line basis over the lease term unless the receipts are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the expected inflationary cost increases. The respective leased assets are included in the Balance Sheet based on their nature.

(e) Foreign currency translation

(i) Functional and presentation currency

The financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (''), which is Company’s functional and presentation currency unless stated otherwise.

(ii) Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise and these are deferred in equity if they relate to qualifying cash flow hedges.

Foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a net basis within other gains/(losses).

(f) Impairment of non-financial assets

Non-financial assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows which are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets (cash-generating units). Non-financial assets that suffered impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at the end of each reporting period.

I f, at the reporting date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable amount. Impairment losses previously recognised are accordingly reversed in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(g) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalized during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale. Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.

(h) Income tax

I ncome tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

(i) Current tax

The tax currently payable is based on taxable

profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from ‘profit

before tax’ as reported in the Statement of Profit and Loss because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company’s current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

(ii) Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of

assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets

are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of

unused tax credits and unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of

unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. In addition, deferred tax liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of goodwill.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company

expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

(iii) Current and deferred tax for the year

Current and deferred tax are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in Other Comprehensive Income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in Other Comprehensive Income or directly in equity respectively. Where current tax or deferred tax arises from the initial accounting for a business combination, the tax effect is included in the accounting for the business combination. The Company offsets current tax assets and current tax liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right to set-off the recognised amounts and where it intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

(i) Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are tangible items that are held for use in the production or supply for goods and services, rental to others or for administrative purposes and are expected to be used during more than one period. The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment shall be recognised as an asset if and only if it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. Freehold land is carried at cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.

Each part of item of property, plant and equipment, if significant in relation to the total cost of the item, is depreciated separately. Further, parts of plant and equipment that are technically advised to be replaced at prescribed intervals/period of operation,

insurance spares and cost of inspection/overhauling are depreciated separately based on their specific useful life provided these are of significant amounts commensurate with the size of the Company and scale of its operations. The carrying amount of any equipment / inspection / overhauling accounted for as separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Depreciation commences when the assets are ready for their intended use. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate their cost, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives.

The management has estimated the useful lives and residual values of all property, plant and equipment and adopted useful lives as stated in Schedule II which are as follows:

Class of assets	Useful life
Building	5- 60 Years
Plant and Equipment	5- 15 Years
Office Equipment	5 Years
Furniture and Fixtures	10 Years
Vehicle	10 Years
Computers 3-6 Years

The residual value of property, plant and equipment has been considered 5% or less of the original cost of assets as applicable.

• On the basis of technical assessment involving technology obsolescence and past experience:

o patterns, tools, jigs, fixtures etc. are depreciated over three years.

o machinery spares are depreciated over a life ranging from three to five years.

• Assets costing less than '' 5,000/- are fully depreciated in the year of purchase.

The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.

The property, plant and equipment acquired under finance leases is depreciated over the asset’s useful life or over the shorter of the asset’s useful life and the lease term if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership at the end of the lease term.

j) Intangible assets

Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Amortisation is recognised on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful life and amortisation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis.

Estimated useful lives of the intangible assets are as follows:

Assets	Estimated useful life
Computer software	3 - 5 Years
Website development cost	3 Years
Designs and drawings	6 Years

An intangible asset is derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset, measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.

Research and development costs

Research costs are expensed as incurred. Development expenditures on an individual project are recognised as an intangible asset when the Company can demonstrate:

• the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that the asset will be available for use or sale;

• its intention to complete and its ability and intention to use or sell the asset;

• how the asset will generate probable future economic benefits;

• the availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell the asset; and

• the ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to asset during its development.

The amount initially recognised for intangible assets is the sum of the expenditure incurred from the date when the intangible asset first meets the recognition criteria listed above. Where no intangible assets can be recognised, development expenditure is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which it is incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, such intangible assets are reported at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, on the same basis as of acquired intangible assets.

(k) Inventories

(i) I nventories of raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost for the purpose of valuation of such inventories is determined on weighted average basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

(ii) Finished goods and work-in-progress are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. The cost of finished goods and work-in-progress includes raw material costs, direct cost of conversion and proportionate allocation of indirect costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

(l) Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as interest expense.

When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, a receivable is recognised as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.

(m) Employee benefits

(i) Short-term obligations

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognised in respect of employees’ services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the undiscounted amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current benefit obligations in the Balance Sheet.

(ii) Other long-term employee benefit obligations

Other long-term employee benefits include earned leaves, sick leaves and employee retention bonus.

Earned leaves and sick leaves

The liabilities for earned leaves and sick leaves are not expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service. They are therefore measured at the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the end of the reporting period using the projected

unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual reporting period. The benefits are discounted using the market yields at the end of the reporting period that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation. Remeasurements as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The obligations are presented as provisions in the Balance Sheet.

Employee retention bonus

The Company, as a part of retention policy, pays retention bonus to certain employees after completion of specified period of service. The timing of the outflows is expected to be within a period of five years. They are therefore measured at the present value of expected future payments at the end of each annual reporting period in accordance with management best estimates. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss with corresponding provisions in the Balance Sheet.

(iii) Post-employment obligations

The Company operates the following post-employment schemes:

• defined benefit plan towards payment of gratuity; and

• defined contribution plans towards provident fund & employee pension scheme, employee state insurance and superannuation scheme.

Defined benefit plans

The Company provides for gratuity obligations through a defined benefit retirement plan (the ‘Gratuity Plan’) covering all employees. The Gratuity Plan provides a lump sum payment to vested employees at retirement/termination of employment or death of an employee, based on the respective employees’ salary and years of employment with the Company.

The liability or asset recognised in the Balance Sheet in respect of the defined benefit plan is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value

of plan assets. The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined using projected unit credit method by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual reporting period.

The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in Other Comprehensive Income. They are included in retained earnings in the statement of changes in equity and in the Balance Sheet.

Defined contribution plans

Defined contribution plans are retirement benefit plans under which the Company pays fixed contributions to separate entities (funds) or financial institutions or state managed benefit schemes. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The defined contributions plans are recognised as employee benefit expense when they are due. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in the future payments is available.

• Provident Fund Plan & Employee Pension Scheme

The Company makes monthly contributions at prescribed rates towards Employees’ Provident Fund / Employees’ Pension Scheme to a Fund administered and managed by the Government of India.

• Employee State Insurance

The Company makes prescribed monthly contributions towards Employees’ State Insurance Scheme.

• Superannuation Scheme

The Company contributes towards a fund established by the Company to provide superannuation benefit to certain employees in terms of Group Superannuation Policies entered into by such fund with the Life Insurance Corporation of India.

(n) Dividends

Provision is made for the amount of any dividend declared, being appropriately authorised and no longer at the discretion of the Company, on or before the end of the reporting period but not distributed by the end of the reporting period.

(o) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three month or less that are readily convertible into known amount of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

(p) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

(q) Financial assets (i) Classification

The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:

• those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through Other Comprehensive Income, or through profit or loss), and

• those measured at amortised cost.

The classification depends on the Company’s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.

For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in profit or loss or Other Comprehensive Income. For assets in the nature of debt instruments, this will depend on the business model. For assets in the nature of equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity instrument at fair value through Other Comprehensive Income.

The Company reclassifies debt instruments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.

(ii) Measurement

At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not measured at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss.

Debt instruments

Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Company’s business model for managing the asset and the cash flow characteristics of the asset. There are three measurement categories into which the Company classifies its debt instruments:

• Amortised cost: Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at amortised cost is recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is recognised using the effective interest rate method.

• Fair value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI): Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assets’ cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at fair value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI). Movements in the carrying amount are taken through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenue and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss. When the financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from equity to profit or loss and recognised in other gains/(losses). Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method.

• Fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL):

Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or FVTOCI are measured at fair value through profit or loss. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss is recognised in profit or loss and presented net in the in Statement of Profit and Loss within other gains/(losses) in the period in which it arises. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income.

Equity instruments

The Company subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value, except for equity investments in subsidiary and joint venture where the Company has the option to either measure it at cost or fair value. The Company has opted to measure equity investments in subsidiary and joint venture at cost. Where the Company’s management elects to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in Other Comprehensive Income, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to profit or loss. Dividends from such investments are recognised in profit or loss as other income when the Company’s right to receive payments is established.

(iii) Impairment of financial assets

In accordance with Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and

recognition of impairment loss associated with its financial assets carried at amortised cost and FVTOCI debt instruments.

For trade receivables or any contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset that result from transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 115 Revenue from contracts with customers, the Company applies simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected life time losses to be recognised after initial recognition of receivables. For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, twelve months ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the entity reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on twelve-months ECL.

ECL represents expected credit loss resulting from all possible defaults and is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive, discounted at the original effective interest rate. While determining cash flows, cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms are also considered.

ECL is determined with reference to historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivables and is adjusted for forward looking estimates. Note 37 details how the Company determines expected credit loss.

(iv) Derecognition of financial assets

A financial asset is derecognised only when

• the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset; or

• retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

Where the Company has transferred an asset, it evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the Company has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognised.

Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retained substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.

On derecognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in Other Comprehensive Income and accumulated in equity is recognised in profit or loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in profit or loss on disposal of that financial asset.

On derecognition of a financial asset other than in its entirety, the Company allocates the previous carrying amount of the financial asset between the part it continues to recognise under continuing involvement, and the part it no longer recognises on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts on the date of the transfer. The difference between the carrying amount allocated to the part that is no longer recognised and the sum of the consideration received for the part no longer recognised and any cumulative gain or loss allocated to it that had been recognised in Other Comprehensive Income is recognised in profit or loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in profit or loss on disposal of

that financial asset. A cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in Other Comprehensive Income is allocated between the part that continues to be recognised and the part that is no longer recognised on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts.

(v) Effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument but does not consider the expected credit losses. Income is recognised on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets classified as at FVTPL.

(r) Financial liabilities and equity instruments (i) Classification

Debt and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

Equity instruments

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting all of its liabilities.

Financial liabilities

The Company classifies its financial liabilities in the following measurement categories:

• those to be measured subsequently at fair value through profit or loss, and

• those measured at amortised cost.

Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPL when the financial liability is held for trading or it is designated as at FVTPL, other financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods.

(ii) Measurement Equity instruments

Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognised at the proceeds received. Transaction cost of equity transactions shall be accounted for as a deduction from equity.

Financial liabilities

At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial liability at its fair value net of, in the case of a financial liability not measured at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issue of the financial liability. Transaction costs of financial liability carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss.

Subsequent measurement of financial liabilities depends on the classification of financial liabilities. There are two measurement categories into which the Company classifies its financial liabilities:

• Fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL): Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPL when the financial liability is held for trading or it is designated as at FVTPL. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are stated at fair value, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurement recognised in profit or loss.

• Amortised cost: Financial liabilities that are not held-for-trading and are not designated as at FVTPL are measured at amortised cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods. The carrying amounts of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at amortised cost are determined based on the effective interest method. Interest expense that is not capitalised as part of costs of an asset is included in the ‘Finance costs’ line item.

(iii) Derecognition Equity instruments

Repurchase of the Company’s own equity instruments is recognised and deducted directly in equity. No gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Company’s own equity instruments.

Financial liabilities

The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company’s obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. An exchange with a lender of debt instruments with substantially different terms is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. Similarly, a substantial modification of the terms of an existing financial liability (whether or not attributable to the financial difficulty of the debtor) is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognised and the consideration paid and payable is recognised in profit or loss.

(iv) Effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments through the expected life of the financial liability to the gross carrying amount of a financial liability.

(v) Foreign exchange gains and losses

For financial liabilities that are denominated in a foreign currency and are measured at amortised cost at the end of each reporting period, the foreign exchange gains and losses are determined based on the amortised cost of the instruments and are recognised in ‘Other income’. The fair value of financial liabilities denominated in a foreign currency is determined in that foreign currency and translated at the spot rate at the end of the reporting period.

(s) Offsetting financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in

the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.

(t) Fair value of financial instruments

Fair value measurements are categorised into Level 1, 2 or 3 based on the degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety, which are described as follows:

• Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company can access at the measurement date;

• Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included within Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

• Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

(u) Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting

The Company uses derivative financial instruments

i.e. forward currency contracts to hedge its foreign currency risks. These derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.

For the purpose of hedge accounting, the Company has classified hedges as Cash flow hedges wherein it hedges the exposure to the variability in cash flows that is either attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognised asset or liability or a highly probable forecast transaction or the foreign currency risk in an unrecognised firm commitment.

At the inception of a hedge relationship, the Company formally designates and documents the hedge relationship to which the Company contemplates to apply hedge accounting and the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge in compliance with Company’s hedge policy. The documentation includes the company’s risk management objective and strategy for undertaking hedge, the hedging / economic relationship, the hedged

item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged, hedge ratio and how the entity will assess the effectiveness of changes in the hedging instrument’s fair value in offsetting the exposure to changes in the hedged item’s fair value or cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. Such hedges are expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows and are assessed on an ongoing basis to determine that they actually have been highly effective throughout the financial reporting periods for which they were designated. Any hedge ineffectiveness is calculated and accounted for in Statement of profit or loss at the time of hedge relationship rebalancing.

The effective portion of changes in the fair value of the hedging instruments is recognised in Other Comprehensive Income and accumulated in the cash flow hedging reserve. Such amounts are reclassified in to the profit or loss when the related hedge items affect profit or loss, such as when the hedged financial income or financial expense is recognised or when a forecast sale occurs. When the hedged item is the cost of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability, the amounts recognised as OCI are transferred to the initial carrying amount of the non-financial asset or liability.

Any ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative or if the hedging instrument no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, is recognised immediately in profit or loss. If the hedging relationship ceases to meet the effectiveness conditions, hedge accounting is discontinued and the related gain or loss is held in cash flow hedging reserve until the forecast transaction occurs.

(v) Recent pronouncements

Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA”), vide notification dated March 23, 2022, has made the following amendment to Ind AS which are effective from 1^st April 2022

i. Ind AS 103 - Reference to conceptual framework

ii. Ind AS 109 -Annual improvement to Ind AS (2021)

iii. Ind AS 37 - Onerous Contract - Cost of Fulfilling a contract

iv. Ind AS 16 - Proceeds before intended use.

Based on the preliminary assessment, the Company does not expect these amendments to have any significant impact on its financial statements.

Note 2: Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of financial statements requires the use of accounting estimates which, by definition, will seldom equal the actual results. Management also needs to exercise judgement in applying the Company’s accounting policies.

This note provides an overview of the areas that involved a higher degree of judgement or complexity, and of items which are more likely to be materially adjusted due to estimates and assumptions turning out to be different than those originally assessed.

Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated. They are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that may have a financial impact on the Company and that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

(a) Key sources of estimation uncertainty

The following are the key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period that may have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year.

(i) Write -downs of Inventory

The Company write-downs the inventories to net realisable value on account of obsolete and slow-moving inventories, which is recognised on case to case basis based on the management’s assessment.

The Company uses following significant judgements to ascertain value for write-downs of inventories to net realisable:

a) nature of inventories mainly comprise of iron, steel, forging and casting which are non-perishable in nature;

b) probability of decrease in the realisable value of slow moving inventory due to obsolesce or not having an alternative use

is low considering the fact that these can also be used after necessary engineering modification;

c) maintaining appropriate inventory levels for after sales services considering the long useful life of the product.

(ii) Employee benefit plans

The cost of the defined benefit plans and other long term employee benefits and the present value of the obligation thereon are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, attrition and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, obligation amount is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions.

The parameter most subject to change is the discount rate. In determining the appropriate discount rate for plans, the management considers the interest rates of government bonds. Future salary increases are based on expected future inflation rates and expected salary trends in the industry. Attrition rates are considered based on past observable data on employees leaving the services of the Company. The mortality rate is based on publicly available mortality tables. Those mortality tables tend to change only at interval in response to demographic changes. See note 34 for further disclosures.

(iii) Provision for warranty claims

The Company, in the usual course of sale of its products, gives warranties on certain products and services, undertaking to repair or replace the items that fail to perform satisfactorily during the specified warranty period. Provisions made

represent the amount of expected cost of meeting such obligations of rectifications / replacements based on best estimate considering the historical warranty claim information and any recent trends that may suggest future claims could differ from historical amounts. The assumptions made in relation to the current period are consistent with those in the prior years.

(iv) Provision for liquid

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Mar 31, 2018

This note provides a list of the significant accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.

(a) Basis of preparation and presentation

(i) Compliance with Ind AS

The financial statements comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the Act), Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) (Amendment) Rules, 2016 and Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) (Amendment) Rules, 2017 and other relevant provisions of the Act.

(ii) Historical cost convention

The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for certain assets and liabilities (including derivative instruments) that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period, as explained in the accounting policies below.

Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company takes into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Fair value for measurement and/ or disclosure purposes in these financial statements is determined on such a basis, except for leasing transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 17 Leases, and measurements that have some similarities to fair value but are not fair value, such as net realisable value in Ind AS 2 Inventories or value in use in Ind AS 36 Impairment of Assets.

(b) Revenue recognition

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Amounts disclosed as revenue are inclusive of excise duty and net of returns, trade allowances, rebates, other similar allowances, value added taxes, service tax, goods and service tax and amounts collected on behalf of third parties, if any.

The Company recognises revenue when the amount of revenue can be reliably measured, it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the Company and specific criteria have been met for each of the Company’s activities as described below.

Recognising revenue from major business activities (i) Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the goods are delivered and titles have passed, at which time all the following conditions are satisfied:

- the Company has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods;

- the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;

- the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

- it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company; and

- the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

(ii) Rendering of services

Revenue from a contract to provide services is recognised when the outcome of a transaction involving the rendering of services can be estimated reliably, by reference to the stage of completion of the contract. The stage of completion of the contract is determined as follows:

- erection & commissioning/service revenue is recognised by reference to the stage of completion of the erection & commissioning/ service, determined based on technical estimate of completion of physical proportion of the contract work;

- operation & maintenance revenue is recognised by reference to the stage of completion of operations & maintenance work, determined as the proportion of the total period of services contract that has elapsed at the end of the reporting period

(iii) Interest income

Interest income from a financial asset is recognised when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to that asset’s net carrying amount on initial recognition.

(iv) Construction contracts

When the outcome of a construction contract can be estimated reliably, revenue is recognised by reference to the stage of completion of the contract activity at the end of the reporting period, measured based on the proportion of contract costs incurred for work performed to date relative to the estimated total contract costs, except where this would not be representative of the stage of completion. Variations in contract work, claims and incentive payments are included to the extent that the amount can be measured reliably and its receipt is considered probable.

When the outcome of a construction contract cannot be estimated reliably, contract revenue is recognised to the extent of contract costs incurred that it is probable will be recoverable. Contract costs are recognised as expenses in the period in which they are incurred.

When it is probable that total contract costs will exceed total contract revenue, the expected loss is recognised as an expense immediately.

When contract costs incurred to date plus recognised profits less recognised losses exceed progress billings, the surplus is shown as amounts due from customers for contract work. For contracts where progress billings exceed contract costs incurred to date plus recognised profits less recognised losses, the surplus is shown as the amounts due to customers for contract work. Amounts received before the related work is performed are included in the balance sheet, as a liability, as advances received. Amounts billed for work performed but not yet paid by the customer are included in the balance sheet under trade receivables.

(v) Royalties

Income from royalty is recognised as per the contractual arrangement with the Licensee upon supply of turbine manufactured with the technical know-how provided by the Company to the Licensee (provided that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably).

(vi) Rental income

The Company’s policy for recognition of revenue from operating leases is described in note 1(d) below.

(c) Government grants

Grants from the government are recognised where there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the Company will comply with all attached conditions.

Government grants relating to income are deferred and recognised in the profit or loss over the period necessary to match them with the costs that they are intended to compensate and presented either within other income or net of related costs.

Government grants that are receivable as compensation for expenses or losses already incurred or for the purpose of giving immediate financial support to the Company with no future related costs are recognised in profit & loss in the period in which they become receivable.

(d) Leases

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. All other leases are classified as operating leases.

(i) As a lessee

Assets held under finance leases are initially recognised as assets of the Company at their fair value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the balance sheet as a finance lease obligation. Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance expenses are recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case they are capitalised in accordance with the Company’s general policy on borrowing costs (see note 1(g) below).

Payments made under operating leases (net of any incentives received from the lessor) are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease unless the payments are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the lessor’s expected inflationary cost increases in which case lease expenses are charged to profit or loss on the basis of actual payments to the lessors.

(ii) As a lessor

Lease income from operating leases where the Company is a lessor is recognised in income on a straight-line basis over the lease term unless the receipts are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the expected inflationary cost increases. The respective leased assets are included in the balance sheet based on their nature.

(e) Foreign currency translation

(i) Functional and presentation currency

The financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (‘), which is Company’s functional and presentation currency unless stated otherwise.

(ii) Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they arise and these are deferred in equity if they relate to qualifying cash flow hedges.

Foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the statement of profit and loss on a net basis within other gains/(losses).

(f) Impairment of non-financial assets

Non- financial assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows which are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groupsof assets (cash-generating units). Non- financial assets that suffered impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at the end of each reporting period.

If, at the reporting date there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the asset is reflected at the recoverable amount. Impairment losses previously recognised are accordingly reversed in the statement of profit and loss.

(g) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale. Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.

(h) Income tax

Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

(i) Current tax

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from ‘profit before tax’ as reported in the statement of profit and loss because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company’s current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

(ii) Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax creditsand unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. In addition, deferred tax liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of goodwill.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

(iii) Current and deferred tax for the year

Current and deferred tax are recognised in profit or loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively. Where current tax or deferred tax arises from the initial accounting for a business combination, the tax effect is included in the accounting for the business combination. The Company offsets current tax assets and current tax liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right to setoff the recognised amounts and where it intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

(i) Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are tangible items that are held for use in the production or supply for goods and services, rental to others or for administrative purposes and are expected to be used during more than one period. The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment shall be recognised as an asset if and only if it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. Freehold land is carried at cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.

Each part of item of property, plant and equipment, if significant in relation to the total cost of the item, is depreciated separately. Further, parts of plant and equipment that are technically advised to be replaced at prescribed intervals/period of operation, insurance spares and cost of inspection/overhauling are depreciated separately based on their specific useful life provided these are of significant amounts commensurate with the size of the Company and scale of its operations. The carrying amount of any equipment / inspection / overhauling accounted for as separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in profit or loss.

Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Depreciation commences when the assets are ready for their intended use. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate their cost, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives.

The management has estimated the useful lives and residual values of all property, plant and equipment and adopted useful lives as stated in Schedule II which are as follows:

The residual value of property, plant and equipment has been considered 5% or less of the original cost of assets as applicable.

- On the basis of technical assessment involving technology obsolescence and past experience:

- mobile phones costing Rs.5,000/- or more are depreciated over two years.

- patterns, tools, jigs, fixtures etc. are depreciated over three years.

- machinery spares are depreciated over a life ranging from three to five years.

- Assets costing less than Rs.5,000/- are fully depreciated in the year of purchase.

The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.

The property, plant and equipment acquired under finance leases is depreciated over the asset’s useful life or over the shorter of the asset’s useful life and the lease term if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership at the end of the lease term.

Transition to Ind AS

On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its property, plant and equipment recognised as at 1 April 2015 (transition date) measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of property, plant and equipment.

(j) Intangible assets

Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Amortisation is recognised on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful life and amortisation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis.

Estimated useful lives of the intangible assets are as follows:

An intangible asset is derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset, measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, are recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised.

Research and development costs

Research costs are expensed as incurred. Development expenditures on an individual project are recognised as an intangible asset when the Company can demonstrate:

- the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that the asset will be available for use or sale;

- its intention to complete and its ability and intention to use or sell the asset;

- how the asset will generate probable future economic benefits;

- the availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell the asset; and

- the ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to asset during its development.

The amount initially recognised for intangible assets is the sum of the expenditure incurred from the date when the intangible asset first meets the recognition criteria listed above. Where no intangible assets can be recognised, development expenditure is recognised in profit or loss in the period in which it is incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, such intangible assets are reported at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, on the same basis as of acquired intangible assets.

Transition to Ind AS

On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its intangible assets recognised as at 1 April 2015 (transition date) measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of intangible assets.

(k) Inventories

(i) Inventories of raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost for the purpose of valuation of such inventories is determined on weighted average basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

(ii) Finished goods and work-in-progress are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. The cost of finished goods and work-in-progress includes raw material costs, direct cost of conversion and proportionate allocation of indirect costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Post implementation of Goods and Services Tax (“GST”) with effect from July 1, 2017, excise duty is included in the value of finished goods upto June 30, 201 7.

(l) Non-current assets held for sale

Non-current assets are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when the asset is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such asset and its sale is highly probable. Management must be committed to the sale. They are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.Non-current assets classified as held for sale are presented separately in the balance sheet.”

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets once classified as held for sale are not depreciated or amortised.

(m) Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as interest expense.

When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, a receivable is recognised as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.

(n) Employee benefits

(i) Short-term obligations

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including nonmonetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognised in respect of employees’ services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the undiscounted amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current benefit obligations in the balance sheet.

(ii) Other long-term employee benefit obligations

Other long-term employee benefits include earned leaves, sick leaves and employee retention bonus.

Earned leaves and sick leaves

The liabilities for earned leaves and sick leaves are not expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service. They are therefore measured at the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the end of the reporting period using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual reporting period.The benefits are discounted using the market yields at the end of the reporting period that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation. Remeasurements as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in profit & loss. The obligations are presented as provisions in the balance sheet.

Employee retention bonus

The Company, as a part of retention policy, pays retention bonus to certain employees after completion of specified period of service. The timing of the outflows is expected to be within a period of five years. They are therefore measured at the present value of expected future payments at the end of each annual reporting period in accordance with management best estimates. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the statement of profit and loss with corresponding provisions in the balance sheet.

(iii) Post-employment obligations

The Company operates the following postemployment schemes:

- defined benefit plan towards payment of gratuity; and

- defined contribution plans towards provident fund & employee pension scheme, employee state insurance and superannuation scheme.

Defined benefit plans

The Company provides for gratuity obligations through a defined benefit retirement plan (the ‘Gratuity Plan’) covering all employees. The Gratuity Plan provides a lump sum payment to vested employees at retirement/termination of employment or death of an employee, based on the respective employees’ salary and years of employment with the Company.

The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of the defined benefit plan is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined using projected unit credit method by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual reporting period.

The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the statement of profit and loss. Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the statement of changes in equity and in the balance sheet.

Defined contribution plans

Defined contribution plans are retirement benefit plans under which the Company pays fixed contributions to separate entities (funds) or financial institutions or state managed benefit schemes. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The defined contributions plans are recognised as employee benefit expense when they are due. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in the future payments is available.

- Provident Fund Plan & Employee Pension Scheme

The Company makes monthly contributions at prescribed rates towards Employees’ Provident Fund/ Employees’ Pension Scheme to a Fund administered and managed by the Government of India.

- Employee State Insurance

The Company makes prescribed monthly contributions towards Employees’ State Insurance Scheme.

- Superannuation Scheme

The Company contributes towards a fund established by the Company to provide superannuation benefit to certain employees in terms of Group Superannuation Policies entered into by such fund with the Life Insurance Corporation of India.

(o) Dividends

Provision is made for the amount of any dividend declared, being appropriately authorised and no longer at the discretion of the Company, on or before the end of the reporting period but not distributed by the end of the reporting period.

(p) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three month or less that are readily convertible into known amount of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

(q) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

(r) Financial assets

(i) Classification

The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:

- those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss), and

- those measured at amortised cost.

The classification depends on the Company’s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.

For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in profit or loss or other comprehensive income. For assets in the nature of debt instruments, this will depend on the business model. For assets in the nature of equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity instrument at fair value through other comprehensive income.

The Company reclassifies debt instruments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.

(ii) Measurement

At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not measured at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss.

Debt instruments

Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Company’s business model for managing the asset and the cash flow characteristics of the asset. There are three measurement categories into which the Company classifies its debt instruments:

- Amortised cost: Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at amortised cost is recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is recognised using the effective interest rate method.

- Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI): Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assets’ cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI). Movements in the carrying amount are taken through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenue and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognised in statement of profit and loss. When the financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from equity to profit or loss and recognised in other gains/(losses). Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method.

- Fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL):

Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or FVTOCI are measured at fair value through profit or loss. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss is recognised in profit or loss and presented net in the statement of profit and loss within other gains/ (losses) in the period in which it arises. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income.

Equity instruments

The Company subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value, except for equity investments in subsidiary and joint venture where the Company has the option to either measure it at cost or fair value. The Company has opted to measure equity investments in subsidiary and joint venture at cost. Where the Company’s management elects to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to profit or loss. Dividends from such investments are recognised in profit or loss as other income when the Company’s right to receive payments is established.

(iii) Impairment of financial assets

In accordance with Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss associated with its financial assets carried at amortised cost and FVTOCI debt instruments.

For trade receivables or any contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset that result from transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 11 Construction Contractsand Ind AS 18 Revenue, the Company applies simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected life time losses to be recognised after initial recognition of receivables. For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, twelve months ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the entity reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on twelve-months ECL.

ECL represents expected credit loss resulting from all possible defaults and is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive, discounted at the original effective interest rate. While determining cash flows, cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms are also considered.

ECL is determined with reference to historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivables and is adjusted for forward looking estimates. Note 38 details how the Company determines expected credit loss.

(iv) Derecognition of financial assets

A financial asset is derecognised only when

- the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset; or

- retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

Where the Company has transferred an asset, it evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the Company has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognised.

Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retained substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.

On derecognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is recognised in profit or loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in profit or loss on disposal of that financial asset.

On derecognition of a financial asset other than in its entirety, the Company allocates the previous carrying amount of the financial asset between the part it continues to recognise under continuing involvement, and the part it no longer recognises on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts on the date of the transfer. The difference between the carrying amount allocated to the part that is no longer recognised and the sum of the consideration received for the part no longer recognised and any cumulative gain or loss allocated to it that had been recognised in other comprehensive income is recognised in profit or loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in profit or loss on disposal of that financial asset. A cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income is allocated between the part that continues to be recognised and the part that is no longer recognised on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts.

(v) Effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument but does not consider the expected credit losses.Income is recognised on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets classified as at FVTPL.

(s) Financial liabilities and equity instruments

(i) Classification

Debt and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

Equity instruments

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting all of its liabilities.

Financial liabilities

The Company classifies its financial liabilities in the following measurement categories:

- those to be measured subsequently at fair value through profit or loss, and

- those measured at amortised cost.

Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPL when the financial liability is held for trading or it is designated as at FVTPL, other financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods.

(ii) Measurement Equity instruments

Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognised at the proceeds received. Transaction cost of equity transactions shall be accounted for as a deduction from equity.

Financial liabilities

At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial liability at its fair value net of, in the case of a financial liability not measured at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issue of the financial liability. Transaction costs of financial liability carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss.

Subsequent measurement of financial liabilities depends on the classification of financial liabilities.

There are two measurement categories into which the Company classifies its financial liabilities:

- Fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL):

Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPL when the financial liability is held for trading or it is designated as at FVTPL.Financial liabilities at FVTPL are stated at fair value, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurementrecognised in profit or loss.

- Amortised cost: Financial liabilities that are not held-for-trading and are not designated as at FVTPL are measured at amortised cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods. The carrying amounts of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at amortised cost are determined based on the effective interest method. Interest expense that is not capitalised as part of costs of an asset is included in the ‘Finance costs’ line item.

(iii) Derecognition Equity instruments

Repurchase of the Company’s own equity instruments is recognised and deducted directly in equity. No gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Company’s own equity instruments.

Financial liabilities

The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company’s obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. An exchange with a lender of debt instruments with substantially different terms is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. Similarly, a substantial modification of the terms of an existing financial liability (whether or not attributable to the financial difficulty of the debtor) is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognised and the consideration paid and payable is recognised in profit or loss.

(iv) Effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments through the expected life of the financial liability to the gross carrying amount of a financial liability.

(v) Foreign exchange gains and losses

For financial liabilities that are denominated in a foreign currency and are measured at amortised cost at the end of each reporting period, the foreign exchange gains and losses are determined based on the amortised cost of the instruments and are recognised in ‘Other income’.The fair value of financial liabilities denominated in a foreign currency is determined in that foreign currency and translated at the spot rate at the end of the reporting period.

(t) Offsetting financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.

(u) Fair value of financial instruments

Fair value measurements are categorised into Level 1, 2 or 3 based on the degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety, which are described as follows:

- Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company can access at the measurement date;

- Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included within Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

- Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

(v) Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting

The Company uses derivative financial instruments i.e. forward currency contracts to hedge its foreign currency risks.These derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.

For the purpose of hedge accounting, the Company has classified hedges as Cash flow hedges wherein it hedges the exposure to the variability in cash flows that is either attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognised asset or liability or a highly probable forecast transaction or the foreign currency risk in an unrecognised firm commitment.

At the inception of a hedge relationship, the Company formally designates and documents the hedge relationship to which the Company contemplates to apply hedge accounting and the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge in compliance with Company’s hedge policy. The documentation includes the company’s risk management objective and strategy for undertaking hedge, the hedging/ economic relationship, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged, hedge ratio and how the entity will assess the effectiveness of changes in the hedging instrument’s fair value in offsetting the exposure to changes in the hedged item’s fair value or cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. Such hedges are expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows and are assessed on an ongoing basis to determine that they actually have been highly effective throughout the financial reporting periods for which they were designated. Any hedge ineffectiveness is calculated and accounted for in Statement of profit or loss at the time of hedge relationship rebalancing.

The effective portion of changes in the fair value of the hedging instruments is recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in the cash flow hedging reserve. Such amounts are reclassified in to the profit or loss when the related hedge items affect profit or loss, such as when the hedged financial income or financial expense is recognised or when a forecast sale occurs. When the hedged item is the cost of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability, the amounts recognised as OCI are transferred to the initial carrying amount of the non-financial asset or liability.

Any ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative or if the hedging instrument no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, is recognised immediately in profit or loss. If the hedging relationship ceases to meet the effectiveness conditions, hedge accounting is discontinued and the related gain or loss is held in cash flow hedging reserve until the forecast transaction occurs.

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Mar 31, 2017

CORPORATE INFORMATION

Triveni Turbine Limited ("the Company") is a company limited by shares, incorporated, domiciled in India. The Company''s equity shares are listed at two recognized stock exchanges in India (BSE and NSE). The registered office of the Company is located at A-44, Hosiery Complex, Phase II extension, Noida, Uttar Pradesh- 201305. The Company is primarily engaged in business of manufacture and supply of power generating equipment and solutions and has manufacturing facilities at Bengaluru, Karnataka.

1. Significant accounting policies

This note provides a list of the significant accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.

(a) Basis of preparation and presentation

(i) Compliance with Ind AS

The financial statements comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the Act) [Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015] and other relevant provisions of the Act.

The financial statements up to year ended 31 March 2016 were prepared in accordance with the accounting standards notified under Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and other relevant provisions of the Act (previous GAAP or Indian GAAP).

These financial statements are the first financial statements of the Company under Ind AS. The date of transition to Ind AS is 1 April 2015. Refer note 46 for the details of first-time adoption exemptions availed by the Company and an explanation of how the transition from previous GAAP to Ind AS has affected the Company''s financial position, financial performance and cash flows.

(ii) Historical cost convention

The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for certain assets and liabilities (including derivative instruments) that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period, as explained in the accounting policies below.

Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company takes into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Fair value for measurement and/or disclosure purposes in these financial statements is determined on such a basis, except for leasing transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 17 Leases, and measurements that have some similarities to fair value but are not fair value, such as net realizable value in Ind AS 2 Inventories or value in use in Ind AS 36 Impairment of Assets.

(b) Revenue recognition

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Amounts disclosed as revenue are inclusive of excise duty and net of returns, trade allowances, rebates, other similar allowances, value added taxes, service tax and amounts collected on behalf of third parties, if any.

The Company recognizes revenue when the amount of revenue can be reliably measured, it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the Company and specific criteria have been met for each of the Company''s activities as described below.

Recognizing revenue from major business activities

(i) Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized when the goods are delivered and titles have passed, at which time all the following conditions are satisfied:

- the Company has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods;

- the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;

- the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

- it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company; and

- the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

(ii) Rendering of services

Revenue from a contract to provide services is recognized when the outcome of a transaction involving the rendering of services can be estimated reliably, by reference to the stage of completion of the contract. The stage of completion of the contract is determined as follows:

- erection & commissioning / service revenue is recognized by reference to the stage of completion of the erection & commissioning/service, determined based on technical estimate of completion of physical proportion of the contract work;

- operation & maintenance revenue is recognized by reference to the stage of completion of operations & maintenance work, determined as the proportion of the total period of services contract that has elapsed at the end of the reporting period

(iii) Interest income

Interest income from a financial asset is recognized when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to that asset''s net carrying amount on initial recognition.

(iv) Construction contracts

When the outcome of a construction contract can be estimated reliably, revenue is recognized by reference to the stage of completion of the contract activity at the end of the reporting period, measured based on the proportion of contract costs incurred for work performed to date relative to the estimated total contract costs, except where this would not be representative of the stage of completion. Variations in contract work, claims and incentive payments are included to the extent that the amount can be measured reliably and its receipt is considered probable.

When the outcome of a construction contract cannot be estimated reliably, contract revenue is recognized to the extent of contract costs incurred that it is probable will be recoverable. Contract costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which they are incurred.

When it is probable that total contract costs will exceed total contract revenue, the expected loss is recognized as an expense immediately.

When contract costs incurred to date plus recognized profits less recognized losses exceed progress billings, the surplus is shown as amounts due from customers for contract work. For contracts where progress billings exceed contract costs incurred to date plus recognized profits less recognized losses, the surplus is shown as the amounts due to customers for contract work. Amounts received before the related work is performed are included in the balance sheet, as a liability, as advances received. Amounts billed for work performed but not yet paid by the customer are included in the balance sheet under trade receivables

(v) Royalties

Income from royalty is recognized as per the contractual arrangement with the Licensee upon supply of turbine manufactured with the technical know-how provided by the Company to the Licensee (provided that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably).

(vi) Rental income

The Company''s policy for recognition of revenue from operating leases is described in note 1(d) below.

(c) Government grants

Grants from the government are recognized where there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the Company will comply with all attached conditions.

Government grants relating to income are deferred and recognized in the profit or loss over the period necessary to match them with the costs that they are intended to compensate and presented either within other income or net of related costs.

Government grants that are receivable as compensation for expenses or losses already incurred or for the purpose of giving immediate financial support to the Company with no future related costs are recognized in profit & loss in the period in which they become receivable.

(d) Leases

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. All other leases are classified as operating leases.

(i) As a lessee

Assets held under finance leases are initially recognized as assets of the Company at their fair value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the balance sheet as a finance lease obligation. Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance expenses are recognized immediately in profit or loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case they are capitalized in accordance with the Company''s general policy on borrowing costs (see note 1(g) below).

Payments made under operating leases (net of any incentives received from the lessor) are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease unless the payments are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the lessor''s expected inflationary cost increases in which case lease expenses are charged to profit or loss on the basis of actual payments to the lessors.

(ii) As a lessor

Lease income from operating leases where the Company is a lessor is recognized in income on a straight-line basis over the lease term unless the receipts are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the expected inflationary cost increases. The respective leased assets are included in the balance sheet based on their nature.

(e) Foreign currency translation

(i) Functional and presentation currency

The financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (Rs.), which is Company''s functional and presentation currency unless stated otherwise.

(ii) Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are recognized in profit or loss in the period in which they arise.

Foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the statement of profit and loss on a net basis within other gains/(losses).

(f) Impairment of non-financial assets

Non- financial assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the asset''s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows which are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets (cash-generating units). Non- financial assets that suffered an impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at the end of each reporting period.

(g) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalized during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.

Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

(h) Income tax

Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

(i) Current tax

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from ''profit before tax'' as reported in the statement of profit and loss because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company''s current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

(ii) Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognized for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognized if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. In addition, deferred tax liabilities are not recognized if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of goodwill.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realized, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

(iii) Current and deferred tax for the year

Current and deferred tax are recognized in profit or loss, except when they relate to items that are recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively. Where current tax or deferred tax arises from the initial accounting for a business combination, the tax effect is included in the accounting for the business combination.

(i) Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are tangible items that are held for use in the production or supply for goods and services, rental to others or for administrative purposes and are expected to be used during more than one period. The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment shall be recognized as an asset if and only if it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. Freehold land is carried at cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.

Each part of item of property, plant and equipment, if significant in relation to the total cost of the item, is depreciated separately. Further, parts of plant and equipment that are technically advised to be replaced at prescribed intervals/period of operation, insurance spares and cost of inspection/overhauling are depreciated separately based on their specific useful life provided these are of significant amounts commensurate with the size of the Company and scale of its operations. The carrying amount of any equipment / inspection / overhauling accounted for as separate asset is derecognized when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognized in profit or loss.

Transition to Ind AS

On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its property, plant and equipment recognized as at 1 April 2015 (transition date) measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of the property, plant and equipment.

Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Depreciation commences when the assets are ready for their intended use. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate their cost, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives.

The management has estimated the useful lives and residual values of all property, plant and equipment and adopted useful lives as stated in Schedule II along with residual values of 5% except for the following:

- On the basis of technical assessment involving technology obsolescence and past experience:

- mobile phones costing Rs. 5,000/- or more are depreciated over two years.

- patterns, tools, jigs, fixtures etc. are depreciated over three years.

- machinery spares are depreciated over a life ranging from three to five years.

- Assets costing less than Rs.5,000/- are fully depreciated in the year of purchase.

The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.

The property, plant and equipment acquired under finance leases is depreciated over the asset''s useful life or over the shorter of the asset''s useful life and the lease term if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership at the end of the lease term.

(j) Intangible assets

Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. Amortization is recognized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful life and amortization method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis.

An intangible asset is derecognized on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset, measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, are recognized in profit or loss when the asset is derecognized.

Research and development costs

Research costs are expensed as incurred. Development expenditures on an individual project are recognized as an intangible asset when the Company can demonstrate:

- the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that the asset will be available for use or sale;

- its intention to complete and its ability and intention to use or sell the asset;

- how the asset will generate probable future economic benefits;

- the availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell the asset; and

- the ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to asset during its development.

The amount initially recognized for intangible assets is the sum of the expenditure incurred from the date when the intangible asset first meets the recognition criteria listed above. Where no intangible assets can be recognized, development expenditure is recognized in profit or loss in the period in which it is incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, such intangible assets are reported at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, on the same basis as of acquired intangible assets.

Transition to Ind AS

On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of intangible assets recognized as at 1 April 2015 measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of intangible assets.

(k) Inventories

(i) Inventories of raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost for the purpose of valuation of such inventories is determined on weighted average basis.

(ii) Finished goods and work-in-progress are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. The cost of finished goods and work-in-progress includes raw material costs, direct cost of conversion and proportionate allocation of indirect costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Excise duty is included in the value of finished goods.

(l) Non-current assets held for sale

Non-current assets are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when the asset is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such asset and its sale is highly probable. Management must be committed to the sale. They are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.

(m) Provisions

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

The amount recognized as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When the effect of the time value of money is material, provision is measured at the present value of cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation.

When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, a receivable is recognized as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.

(n) Employee benefits

(i) Short-term obligations

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognized in respect of employees'' services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the undiscounted amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current benefit obligations in the balance sheet.

(ii) Other long-term employee benefit obligations

Other long-term employee benefits includes earned leaves, sick leaves and employee retention bonus.

Earned leaves and sick leaves

The liabilities for earned leaves and sick leaves are not expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service. They are therefore measured at the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the end of the reporting period using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual reporting period. The benefits are discounted using the market yields at the end of the reporting period that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation. Remeasurements as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognized in profit & loss. The obligations are presented as provisions in the balance sheet.

Employee retention bonus

The Company, as a part of retention policy, pays retention bonus to certain employees after completion of specified period of service. The timing of the outflows is expected to be within a period of five years. They are therefore measured at the present value of expected future payments, at the end of each annual reporting period in accordance with management best estimates. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the statement of profit and loss with corresponding provisions in the balance sheet.

(iii) Post-employment obligations

The Company operates the following postemployment schemes:

- defined benefit plan towards payment of gratuity; and

- defined contribution plans towards provident fund & employee pension scheme, employee state insurance and superannuation scheme.

Defined benefit plans

The Company provides for gratuity obligations through a defined benefit retirement plan (the ''Gratuity Plan'') covering all employees. The Gratuity Plan provides a lump sum payment to vested employees at retirement/termination of employment or death of an employee, based on the respective employees'' salary and years of employment with the Company.

The liability or asset recognized in the balance sheet in respect of the defined benefit plan is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined using projected unit credit method by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual reporting period.

The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the statement of profit and loss. Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognized in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the statement of changes in equity and in the balance sheet.

Defined contribution plans

Defined contribution plans are retirement benefit plans under which the Company pays fixed contributions to separate entities (funds) or financial institutions or state managed benefit schemes. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The defined contributions plans are recognized as employee benefit expense when they are due. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in the future payments is available.

- Provident Fund Plan & Employee Pension Scheme

The Company makes monthly contributions at prescribed rates towards Employees'' Provident Fund/ Employees'' Pension Scheme to a Fund administered and managed by the Government of India.

- Employee State Insurance

The Company makes prescribed monthly contributions towards Employees'' State Insurance Scheme.

- Superannuation Scheme

The Company contributes towards a fund established by the Company to provide superannuation benefit to certain employees in terms of Group Superannuation Policies entered into by such fund with the Life Insurance Corporation of India.

(o) Dividends

Provision is made for the amount of any dividend declared, being appropriately authorized and no longer at the discretion of the Company, on or before the end of the reporting period but not distributed by the end of the reporting period.

(p) Financial assets

(i) Classification

The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:

- those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss), and

- those measured at amortized cost.

The classification depends on the Company''s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.

For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in profit or loss or other comprehensive income. For assets in the nature of debt instruments, this will depend on the business model. For assets in the nature of equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity instrument at fair value through other comprehensive income.

The Company reclassifies debt instruments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.

(ii) Measurement

At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not measured at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss.

Debt instruments

Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Company''s business model for managing the asset and the cash flow characteristics of the asset. There are three measurement categories into which the Company classifies its debt instruments:

- Amortized cost: Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at amortized cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at amortized cost is recognized in profit or loss when the asset is derecognized or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is recognized using the effective interest rate method.

- Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI): Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assets'' cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI). Movements in the carrying amount are taken through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenue and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognized in profit and loss. When the financial asset is derecognized, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in OCI is reclassified from equity to profit or loss and recognized in other gains/(losses). Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method.

- Fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL): Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortized cost or FVTOCI are measured at fair value through profit or loss. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss is recognized in profit or loss and presented net in the statement of profit and loss within other gains/(losses) in the period in which it arises. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income.

Equity instruments

The Company subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value, except for equity investments in subsidiary and joint venture where the Company has the option to either measure it at cost or fair value. The Company has opted to measure equity investments in subsidiary and joint venture at cost. Where the Company''s management elects to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to profit or loss. Dividends from such investments are recognized in profit or loss as other income when the Company''s right to receive payments is established.

(iii) Impairment of financial assets

In accordance with Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss associated with its financial assets carried at amortized cost and FVTOCI debt instruments.

For trade receivables or any contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset that result from transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 11 Construction Contracts and Ind AS 18 Revenue, the Company applies simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected life time losses to be recognized after initial recognition of receivables. For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, twelve months ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the entity reverts to recognizing impairment loss allowance based on twelve-months ECL.

ECL represents expected credit loss resulting from all possible defaults and is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive, discounted at the original effective interest rate. While determining cash flows, cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms are also considered.

ECL is determined with reference to historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivables and is adjusted for forward looking estimates. Note 38 details how the Company determines expected credit loss.

(iv) Derecognition of financial assets

A financial asset is derecognized only when

- the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset; or

- retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

Where the Company has transferred an asset, it evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognized. Where the Company has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognized.

Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retained substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognized if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognized to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.

On derecognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the asset''s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is recognized in profit or loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognized in profit or loss on disposal of that financial asset.

On derecognition of a financial asset other than in its entirety, the Company allocates the previous carrying amount of the financial asset between the part it continues to recognize under continuing involvement, and the part it no longer recognizes on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts on the date of the transfer. The difference between the carrying amount allocated to the part that is no longer recognized and the sum of the consideration received for the part no longer recognized and any cumulative gain or loss allocated to it that had been recognized in other comprehensive income is recognized in profit or loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognized in profit or loss on disposal of that financial asset. A cumulative gain or loss that had been recognized in other comprehensive income is allocated between the part that continues to be recognized and the part that is no longer recognized on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts.

(v) Effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortized cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument but does not consider the expected credit losses. Income is recognized on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets classified as at FVTPL.

(q) Financial liabilities and equity instruments

(i) Classification

Debt and equity instruments issued by the Company are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

Equity instruments

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting all of its liabilities.

Financial liabilities

The Company classifies its financial liabilities in the following measurement categories:

- those to be measured subsequently at fair value through profit or loss, and

- those measured at amortized cost.

Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPL when the financial liability is held for trading or it is designated as at FVTPL, other financial liabilities are measured at amortized cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods.

(ii) Measurement

Equity instruments

Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognized at the proceeds received. Transaction cost of equity transactions shall be accounted for as a deduction from equity.

Financial liabilities

At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial liability at its fair value net of, in the case of a financial liability not measured at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issue of the financial liability. Transaction costs of financial liability carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss.

Subsequent measurement of financial liabilities depends on the classification of financial liabilities. There are two measurement categories into which the Company classifies its financial liabilities:

- Fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL): Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPL when the financial liability is held for trading or it is designated as at FVTPL. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are stated at fair value, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurement recognized in profit or loss.

- Amortized cost: Financial liabilities that are not held-for-trading and are not designated as at FVTPL are measured at amortized cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods. The carrying amounts of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at amortized cost are determined based on the effective interest method. Interest expense that is not capitalized as part of costs of an asset is included in the ''Finance costs'' line item.

(iii) Derecognition

Equity instruments

Repurchase of the Company''s own equity instruments is recognized and deducted directly in equity. No gain or loss is recognized in profit or loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Company''s own equity instruments.

Financial liabilities

The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company''s obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. An exchange with a lender of debt instruments with substantially different terms is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. Similarly, a substantial modification of the terms of an existing financial liability (whether or not attributable to the financial difficulty of the debtor) is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognized and the consideration paid and payable is recognized in profit or loss.

(iv) Effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortized cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments through the expected life of the financial liability to the gross carrying amount of a financial liability

(v) Foreign exchange gains and losses

For financial liabilities that are denominated in a foreign currency and are measured at amortized cost at the end of each reporting period, the foreign exchange gains and losses are determined based on the amortized cost of the instruments and are recognized in ''Other income''. The fair value of financial liabilities denominated in a foreign currency is determined in that foreign currency and translated at the spot rate at the end of the reporting period.

(r) Derivatives

Derivatives are initially recognized at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period. The resulting gain or loss is recognized in profit or loss immediately.

(s) Offsetting financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.

(t) Fair value of financial instruments

Fair value measurements are categorized into Level 1, 2 or 3 based on the degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety, which are described as follows:

- Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company can access at the measurement date;

- Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included within Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

- Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability

2. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND KEY SOURCES OF ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTY

The preparation of financial statements requires the use of accounting estimates which, by definition, will seldom equal the actual results. Management also needs to exercise judgment in applying the Company''s accounting policies.

This note provides an overview of the areas that involved a higher degree of judgment or complexity, and of items which are more likely to be materially adjusted due to estimates and assumptions turning out to be different than those originally assessed.

Estimates and judgments are continually evaluated. They are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that may have a financial impact on the Company and that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

(a) Critical accounting judgments

In the process of applying the Company''s accounting policies, management has made the following judgment, which has the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements:

(i) Classification of GE Triveni Limited as a Joint Venture

The Company holds more than 50% stake in the equity share capital (i.e. holding 8,000,001 equity shares out of total 16,000,000 equity shares) of GE Triveni Limited (GETL) and the balance share capital is being held by GE Mauritius Infrastructure Holdings Limited. By virtue of agreements between the shareholders, relevant terms of which are enshrined in the Articles of Association of GETL, it has been considered that the Company has joint control over GETL along with the other shareholder since unanimous consent of both the shareholders is required in respect of significant financial, operating strategic and managerial decisions. Accordingly investments in equity shares of GETL is classified as investment in joint venture.

(b) Key sources of estimation uncertainty

The following are the key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period that may have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year.

(i) Employee benefit plans

The cost of the defined benefit plans and other long term employee benefits and the present value of the obligation thereon are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, attrition and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, obligation amount is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions.

The parameter most subject to change is the discount rate. In determining the appropriate discount rate for plans, the management considers the interest rates of government bonds. Future salary increases are based on expected future inflation rates and expected salary trends in the industry. Attrition rates are considered based on past observable data on employees leaving the services of the Company. The mortality rate is based on publicly available mortality tables. Those mortality tables tend to change only at interval in response to demographic changes. See note 35 for further disclosures.

(ii) Provision for warranty claims

The Company, in the usual course of sale of its products, gives warranties on certain products and services, undertaking to repair or replace the items that fail to perform satisfactorily during the specified warranty period. Provisions made represent the amount of expected cost of meeting such obligations of rectifications / replacements based on best estimate considering the historical warranty claim information and any recent trends that may suggest future claims could differ from historical amounts. The assumptions made in relation to the current period are consistent with those in the prior years.

(iii) Provision for liquidated damages

It represents the potential liability which may arise from contractual obligation towards customers with respect to matters relating to delivery and performance of the Company''s products. The provision represents the amount estimated to meet the cost of such obligations based on best estimate considering the historical trends, merits of the case and apportionment of delays between the contracting parties.

(iv) Provision for litigations and contingencies

The provision for litigations and contingencies are determined based on evaluation made by the management of the present obligation arising from past events the settlement of which is expected to result in outflow of resources embodying economic benefits, which involves judgments around estimating the ultimate outcome of such past events and measurement of the obligation amount.

(v) Useful life and residual value of plant, property equipment and intangible assets

The useful life and residual value of plant, property equipment and intangible assets are determined based on technical evaluation made by the management of the expected usage of the asset, the physical wear and tear and technical or commercial obsolescence of the asset. Due to the judgments involved in such estimations, the useful life and residual value are sensitive to the actual usage in future period.

(vi) Tax charge on intangible assets recognized at time of vesting of turbine business

The Company has been claiming allowance for depreciation on written down value method on certain intangibles recognized upon vesting of the steam turbine business in earlier years pursuant to a scheme of demerger. While such claims for certain years have been adjudicated in favor of the Company at the first appellate stage, the Revenue department has consistently disallowed the same in tax assessments. In view of uncertainty with regard to the ultimate decision in such matter at higher judicial forums, the Company has not considered the benefit of the aforesaid favorable decisions and has continued to recognize charge for tax without considering depreciation benefits on such intangible assets, the tax effect of which aggregates to Rs. 187.19 Million till 31 March 2017 (31 March 2016: Rs. 187.19 Million).

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Mar 31, 2014

A) Basis of Preparation

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared on accrual basis of accounting under the historical cost convention in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in India and comply in all material respects with the accounting standards notifed under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended), and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956, read with General Circular 15/2013 dated September 13, 2013 and General Circular 08/2014 dated April 4, 2014 issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs.

All assets and liabilities have been classifed as current or non-current as per the criteria set out in the Revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956. In line with the normal operating cycle of the main product, i.e., manufacture and supply of turbine package, the Company has considered a period of 12 months for the purpose of determination of classifcation between current and non-current assets and liabilities.

b) use of estimates

The presentation of financial statements requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the period in which the results are known/ materialize.

c) Fixed Assets

Fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation. Cost includes taxes, duties (excluding excise duty and VAT for which CENVAT/VAT credit is available), freight and other incidental expenses relating to acquisition and installation of such fixed asset.

d) Recognition of Revenue

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will fow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. The following Specific recognition criteria are applied for revenue recognition:

i) Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer, usually on delivery of the goods. The Company collects sales taxes and/ or value added taxes (VAT) on behalf of the government and therefore, these are not economic benefits fowing to the Company and accordingly they are excluded from revenue. Excise duty deducted from revenue (gross) is the amount that is included in the revenue (gross).

ii) In contracts involving the rendering of services, revenue is recognised as and when the services are rendered. The Company collects service tax on behalf of the government and therefore, it is not an economic benefit fowing to the Company and accordingly it is excluded from revenue.

iii) Revenue from construction contracts is recognised on the percentage of completion method, measured by the proportion that contract costs incurred for work performed till the reporting date bear to the estimated total contract cost. Contract cost for this purpose includes:

a) Costs that relate directly to the Specific contract;

b) Costs that are attributable to contract activity in general and can be allocated to the contract; and

c) Such other costs as are Specifically chargeable to the customer under the terms of the contract.

Foreseeable losses, if any, are provided for immediately.

iv) Income and expenditure relating to the prior period and prepaid expenses which do not exceed Rs.10,000/- in each case, are treated as income/expenditure of the current year.

e) Foreign Currency Transactions

i) Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the dates of the transactions.

ii) Foreign currency monetary items (including forward contracts) are translated at rates prevailing at the reporting date. Exchange differences arising on settlement of transactions and translation of monetary items (including forward contracts) are recognised as income or expense in the year in which they arise.

iii) The premium or discount on foreign currency forward contracts not relating to firm commitments or highly probable forecast transactions and not intended for trading or speculative purposes is amortised as expense or income over the life of each contract.

iv) In respect of derivative contracts relating to firm commitments or highly probable forecast transactions, provision is made for mark-to-market losses, if any, at the balance sheet date. Gains, if any, on such contracts are not recognised till settlement.

f) Investments

Investments, that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classifed as current investments. All other investments are classifed as long term investments. Current investments are carried at the lower of cost and fair value. Long term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary, in the value of long-term investments, such reduction being determined and made for each investment individually.

g) Inventories

i) Inventories of raw materials and components, stores and spares are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost for the purpose of valuation of inventories is determined on weighted average basis.

ii) Finished goods and work-in-progress are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. The cost of fnished goods and work-in-progress includes raw material costs, direct cost of conversion and allocation of indirect costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Excise duty is included in the value of fnished goods.

iii) Patterns, loose tools, jigs and fixtures are amortised equally over three years.

h) Depreciation

Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on the straight line basis at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 as amended by Notifcation No.GSR 756E dated 16th December 1993, other than on the following assets which are depreciated at higher rates on the straight line basis over their estimated useful economic lives as follows:

i) Employee benefits

i) Short term Employee benefits

All employee benefits payable wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render related services are classifed as short term employee benefits and are recognised as expenses in the period in which the employees render the related service. The Company recognises the undiscounted amount of short term employee benefits expected to be paid (including compensated absences) in exchange for services rendered, as a liability.

ii) Post-employment benefits

a) Defined contribution plans: Defined contribution plans are retirement benefit plans under which the Company pays fixed contributions to separate entities (funds) or financial institutions or state managed benefit schemes. The Company''s contributions under the Employees'' Provident Fund Scheme, Employees'' State Insurance Scheme and officers'' Pension Scheme for certain employees are Defined contributions plans. The Contributions paid/payable under the schemes are recognised during the period in which the employees render the related service.

b) Defined benefit plans : Defined benefit plans are plans under which the Company pays certain Defined benefits to employees at the time of their retirement/resignation/death based on rules framed for such schemes. The Employees'' Gratuity Scheme is a Defined benefit plan. The present value of the obligation under a Defined benefit plan is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit method, which recognizes each period of service as giving rise to an additional unit of employee benefit entitlement and measures each unit separately to build up the fnal obligation.

The obligation is measured at the present value of the estimated future cash flows. The discount rate used for determining the present value of the obligation under Defined benefit plan, is based on the market yields on Government securities as at the balance sheet date, with maturity periods approximating the terms of the related obligation.

Actuarial gains and losses are recognised immediately in the statement of profit and Loss.

Gains or losses on the curtailment or settlement of any Defined benefits plan are recognised when the curtailment of settlement occurs. Past service cost is recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested.

iii) Other long-term employee benefits

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders related services are recognised as a liability at the present value of the Defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date on the basis of actuarial valuation. The discount rates used for determining the present values of the obligation under Defined benefit plans, are based on the appropriate market yields on Government securities as at the balance sheet date.

iv) Employee Stock Options

Compensation cost in respect of stock options granted to eligible employees is recognized using the intrinsic value of the stock options and is amortised over the vesting period of such options granted.

j) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs that are attributable to the acquisition of qualifying assets are capitalised upto the period such assets are ready for their intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged in the statement of profit and loss.

k) Taxes on Income

i) Current tax on income is determined on the basis of taxable income computed in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961.

ii) Deferred tax is recognised for all timing differences between the accounting income and the taxable income for the year and quantifed using the tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as on the balance sheet date.

iii) Deferred tax assets are recognised and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that suffcient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized, except in the case of unabsorbed depreciation or carried forward of losses under the Income-tax Act 1961, where deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that suffcient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax assets can be realised.

iv) Minimum alternate tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will be in a position to avail of such credit under the provisions of the Income-tax Act 1961.

l) Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are recognised in accordance with the criteria specified in Accounting Standard (AS) 26 "Intangible Assets" and are amortised as follows :

m) Impairment of Assets

Impairment of individual assets/cash generating unit (a group of assets that generates identified independent cash flows) are identified using external and internal sources of information and impairment loss, if any, is determined and recognised in accordance with Accounting Standard (AS) 28 - Impairment of Assets.

n) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets Provisions are recognised, if :

a) the Company has a present obligation as a result of a past event.;

b) a probable outflow of resources is expected to settle the obligation; and

c) the amount of the obligation can be reliably estimated.

Reimbursements expected in respect of expenditure required to settle a provision are recognised only when it is virtually certain that the reimbursement will be received.

Contingent liability is disclosed in the case of:

a) a present obligation arising from a past event, when it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation; or

b) a possible obligation, unless the probability of outflow of resources is remote.

Contingent assets are not recognised.

o) Research and development

Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged under respective heads of account. Capital expenditure on research and development is included as part of fixed assets and depreciated on the same basis as other fixed assets.

b) Terms/rights attached to equity shares

The Company has only one class of equity shares with a par value of Rs. 1/- per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share. The Company declares and pays dividends in Indian rupees. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting.

In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity shares are entitled to receive the remaining assets of the Company, after meeting all liabilities and distribution of all preferential amounts, in proportion to their shareholding.

c) Terms/rights attached to preference shares

As per the Scheme of Arrangement ("Scheme") duly approved by the Allahabad High Court vide order dated April 19, 2011, 28,000,000 equity shares of Rs. 1/- each fully paid up held by Triveni Engineering & Industries Limited stood converted into 2,800,000 - 8% Cumulative Reedemable Preference Shares of Rs. 10/ each fully paid up. These Preference Shares carried right to cumulative dividend @ 8% p.a. The Company declares and pays dividends in Indian rupees. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting. The preference shareholders have a preference vis-a-vis equity shareholders with respect to any dividend that may be declared by the Company as well as with regard to redemption of capital in the event of liquidation.The Preference Shares are redeemable at par at the end of 5 years from the date of allotment. However, the Company has an option to redeem these shares at any time after the end of six months from the date of allotment. Accordingly, the preference shares were redeemed during the year. .

d) Shares allotted as fully paid up pursuant to contract(s) without payment being received in cash (during the 5 years immediately preceding) 257,880,150 equity shares of Rs.1/- each were allotted on May 10, 2011,as fully paid up to the shareholders of Triveni Engineering & Industries Ltd (TEIL) in the ratio of one equity share for every one equity share held by them in TEIL, pursuant to the Scheme.

Disclosures required by Accounting Standard (AS) 29 - Provisions,Contingent liabilities and Contingent assets.

Nature of Provisions

Warranties : The Company gives warranties on certain products and services, undertaking to repair or replace the items that fail to perform satisfactorily during the warranty period. Provisions made as at March 31,2014 represent the amount of the expected cost of meeting such obligations. The timing of the outflows is expected to be within the period of two years.

Liquidated damages : In respect of certain products, the Company has contractual obligations towards customers for matters relating to delivery and performance. The provisions represent the amount estimated to meet the cost of such obligations. The timing of the outflow is expected to be within one year.

Cost to completion: The provision represents the costs of materials and services required for erection and integeration of turbine packages at the site, prior to commisioning.

Loss on foreign exchange derivatives: Represents provision made for mark-to-market losses on derivative contracts outstanding at the year-end which were entered into for hedging certain firm commitments or highly probable forecast transactions.

c) Fair Valuation

The fair value of options used to compute proforma net income and earning per equity share has been done by an independent professional using the Black Scholes Options pricing formula.

The weighted average fair value of each option of the Company as on the date of the corporate adjustment, issued under New Stock Option Scheme was Rs. 29.30.

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Mar 31, 2013

A) Basis of Preparation

These financial statements have been prepared as a going concern, on an accrual basis of accounting under the historical cost convention and comply in all material respects with the accounting standards notified under section 211 (3C) and the other relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.

In line with the normal operating cycle of the main product, i.e., manufacture and supply of turbine package, the Company has considered a period of 12 months for the purpose of determination of classification between current and non-current assets and liabilities.

b) Use of Estimates

The presentation of financial statements requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the period in which the results are known / materialise.

c) Fixed Assets

Fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation. Cost includes taxes, duties (excluding excise duty and VAT for which CENVAT / VAT credit is available), freight and other incidental expenses relating to acquisition and installation of such fixed assets.

d) Recognition of Revenue

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. The following specific recognition criteria are applied for revenue recognition:

i) Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer, usually on delivery of the goods. The Company collects sales taxes and / or value added taxes (VAT) on behalf of the government and therefore, these are not economic benefits flowing to the Company and accordingly they are excluded from revenue. Excise duty deducted from revenue (gross) is the amount that is included in the revenue (gross).

ii) In contracts involving the rendering of services, revenue is recognised as and when the services are rendered. The Company collects service tax on behalf of the government and therefore, it is not an economic benefit flowing to the Company and accordingly it is excluded from revenue.

iii) Revenue from construction contracts is recognised on the percentage of completion method, measured by the proportion that contract costs incurred for work performed till the reporting date bear to the estimated total contract cost. Contract cost for this purpose includes:

a) Costs that relate directly to the specific contract;

b) Costs that are attributable to contract activity in general and can be allocated to the contract; and

c) Such other costs as are specifically chargeable to the customer under the terms of the contract.

Foreseeable losses, if any, are provided for immediately.

iv) Income and expenditure relating to the prior period and prepaid expenses which do not exceed Rs. 10,000/- in each case, are treated as income / expenditure of the current year.

e) Foreign Currency Transactions

i) Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the dates of the transactions.

ii) Foreign currency monetary items (including forward contracts) are translated at rates prevailing at the reporting date. Exchange differences arising on settlement of transactions and translation of monetary items (including forward contracts) are recognised as income or expense in the year in which they arise.

iii) The premium or discount on foreign currency forward contracts not relating to firm commitments or highly probable forecast transactions and not intended for trading or speculative purposes is amortised as expense or income over the life of each contract.

iv) In respect of derivative contracts relating to firm commitments or highly probable forecast transactions, provision is made for mark-to-market losses, if any, at the balance sheet date. Gains, if any, on such contracts are not recognised till settlement.

f) Investments

Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long term investments. Current investments are carried at the lower of cost and fair value. Long term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary in the value of long-term investments, such reduction being determined and made for each investment individually.

g) Inventories

i) Inventories of raw materials and components, stores and spares are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost for the purpose of valuation of inventories is determined on a weighted average basis.

ii) Finished goods and work-in-progress are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. The cost of finished goods and work-in-progress includes raw material costs, direct cost of conversion and allocation of indirect costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Excise duty is included in the value of finished goods.

iii) Patterns, loose tools, jigs and fixtures are amortised equally over three years.

h) Depreciation

Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on the straight line method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956, other than on the following assets which are depreciated at higher rates on the straight line basis over their estimated useful economic lives as follows:

i) Employee Benefits

i) Short term Employee Benefits

All employee benefits payable wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related services are classified as short term employee benefits and are recognised as expenses in the period in which the employees render the related service. The Company recognises the undiscounted amount of short term employee benefits expected to be paid (including compensated absences) in exchange for services rendered, as a liability.

ii) Post-employment benefits

a) Defined contribution plans: The Company''s contributions under the Employees'' Provident Fund Scheme, Employees'' State Insurance Scheme and Officers'' Pension Scheme for certain employees are defined contributions plans. The contributions paid / payable under these schemes are recognised during the period in which the employees render the related service.

b) Defined benefit plans : The Company''s Employees'' Gratuity Scheme is a defined benefit plan. The present value of the obligation under the defined benefit plan is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit method, which recognises each period of service as giving rise to an additional unit of employee benefit entitlement and measures each unit separately to build up the final obligation.

The obligation is measured at the present value of the estimated future cash flows. The discount rate used for determining the present value of the obligation under the defined benefit plan, is based on the market yields on Government securities at the balance sheet date, with maturity periods approximating the terms of the related obligation.

Actuarial gains and losses are recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss.

Gain or losses on the curtailment or settlement of any defined benefit plan is recognised when the curtailment of settlement occurs. Past service cost is recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested.

iii) Other long-term employee benefits Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date on the basis of an actuarial valuation. The discount rates used for determining the present values of the obligation under defined benefit plans, are based on the appropriate market yields on Government securities at the balance sheet date.

iv) Employee Stock Options

Compensation cost in respect of stock options granted to eligible employees is recognised using the intrinsic value of the stock options and is amortised over the vesting period of options granted.

j) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs that are attributable to the acquisition of qualifying assets are capitalised upto the period such assets are ready for their intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged in the statement of profit and loss.

k) Taxes on Income

i) Current tax on income is determined on the basis of taxable income computed in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961.

ii) Deferred tax is recognised for timing differences between the accounting income and the taxable income for the year and quantified using the tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as on the balance sheet date.

iii) Deferred tax assets are recognised and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised, except in the case of unabsorbed depreciation or carried forward of losses under the Income-tax Act 1961, where deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax assets can be realised.

iv) Minimum alternate tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset to the extent that there is convincing evidence that the Company will be in a position to avail of such credit under the provisions of the Income-tax Act 1961.

l) Intangible Assets

Intangible assets which are expected to provide future enduring economic benefits are recognised at cost and are amortised as follows:

m) Impairment of Assets

Impairment of individual assets / cash generating unit (a group of assets that generates identified independent cash flows) are identified using external and internal sources of information and impairment loss, if any, is determined and recognised to the extent, the carrying amount of assets exceed their recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is higher of an asset''s net selling price and its value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset and from its disposal at the end of its useful life.

n) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

Provisions are recognised, if :

a) the Company has a present obligation as a result of a past event.

b) a probable outflow of resources is expected to settle the obligation and

c) the amount of the obligation can be reliably estimated.

Reimbursements expected in respect of expenditure required to settle a provision are recognised only when it is virtually certain that the reimbursement will be received.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the case of:

a) a present obligation arising from a past event, when it does not appear probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation.

b) a possible obligation, unless the probability of outflow of resources is remote.

Contingent assets are not recognised.

o) Research and Development

Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged under respective heads of account. Capital expenditure on research and development is included as part of fixed assets and depreciated on the same basis as other fixed assets.

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Mar 31, 2012

A) Basis of Preparation

These financial statements have been prepared on the accrual basis of accounting under the historical cost convention and to comply in all material respects with the accounting standards notified under section 211 (3C) and other relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.

b) Adoption of revised Schedule VI of the Companies Act, 1956

For the year ended 31st March, 2012, the revised Schedule VI, notified under the Companies Act, 1956 has become applicable to the Company for preparation and presentation of its financial statements. The adoption of revised Schedule VI does not impact recognition and measurement of principles followed for preparation of its financial statements. However, it has significant impact on presentation and disclosures made in the financial statements. The Company has also reclassified the previous year figures in accordance with the requirements applicable in the current year.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current and non-current as per the criteria set out in the revised Schedule VI. In line with the normal operating cycle of the main product, i.e., manufacture and supply of turbine package, the Company has considered a period of 12 months for the purpose of determination of classification between current and non-current assets and liabilities.

c) Use of Estimates

The presentation of financial statements requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the period in which the results are known/materialise.

d) Fixed Assets

Fixed assets are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation. Cost includes taxes, duties (excluding excise duty and VAT for which input credit is available), freight and other incidental expenses relating to acquisition and installation.

e) Recognition of Revenue

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. The following specific recognition criteria are applied for revenue recognition :

i) Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer, usually on delivery of the goods. The Company collects sales taxes and value added taxes (VAT) on behalf of the government and therefore, these are not economic benefits flowing to the Company and accordingly they are excluded from revenue. Excise duty deducted from revenue (gross) is the amount that is included in the revenue (gross).

ii) In contracts involving the rendering of services, revenue is recognised as and when the services are rendered. The Company collects service tax on behalf of the government and therefore, it is not an economic benefit flowing to the Company and accordingly it is excluded from revenue.

Income and expenditure relating to prior periods and prepaid expenses which do not exceed Rs 10,000/- in each case, are treated as income/expenditure of the current year.

f) Foreign Currency Transactions

i) Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the dates of the transactions.

ii) Foreign currency monetary items (including forward contracts) are translated at year end rates. Exchange differences arising on settlement of transactions and translation of monetary items (including forward contracts) are recognised as income or expense in the year in which they arise.

iii) The premium or discount on forward exchange contracts not relating to firm commitments or highly probable forecast transactions and not intended

for trading or speculative purposes is amortised as expense or income over the life of each contract.

iv) In respect of derivative contracts relating to firm commitments or highly probable forecast transactions, provision is made for mark-to-market losses, if any, at the balance sheet date. Gains, if any, on such contracts are not recognised till settlement.

g) Investments

Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long term investments. Current investments are carried at the lower of cost and fair value. Long term investments are carried at the cost. However, provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary in the value of long-term investments, such reduction being determined and made for each investment individually.

h) Inventories

i) Inventories of raw materials and components, stores and spares are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost for the purpose of valuation of inventories is determined on a weighted average basis.

ii) Finished goods and work-in-progress are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. The cost of finished goods and work-in-progress includes raw material costs, direct cost of conversion and allocation of indirect costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Excise duty is included in the value of finished goods.

iii) Patterns, loose tools, jigs and fixtures are amortised equally over three years.

j) Employee Benefits

i) Short term Employee Benefits

All employee benefits payable wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related services are classified as short term employee benefits and are recognised as expenses in the period in which the employees render the related service. The Company recognises the undiscounted amount of short term employee benefits expected to be paid (including compensated absences) in exchange for services rendered, as a liability.

ii) Post-employment benefits

a) Defined contribution plans: The Company's contribution under the employees' provident fund scheme and employees' state insurance scheme are defined contribution plans. The contribution paid/payable under the schemes is recognised during the period in which the employees render the related service.

b) Defined benefit plans: The employees' gratuity fund scheme is Company's defined benefit plan. The present value of the obligation under this defined benefit plan is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit method, which recognises each period of service as giving rise to an additional unit of employee benefit entitlement and measures each unit separately to build up the final obligation.

The obligation is measured at the present value of the estimated future cash flows. The discount rate used for determining the present value of the obligation under defined benefit plan, is based on the market yields on Government securities as at the balance sheet date, with maturity periods approximating the terms of the related obligation.

Actuarial gains and losses are recognised immediately in the statement of Profit and Loss.

Gains or losses on the curtailment or settlement of any defined benefits plan is recognised when the curtailment or settlement occurs. Past service cost is recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested.

iii) Other long-term employee benefits

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date. The discount rates used for determining the present values of the obligation under defined benefit plans, are based on the market yields on Government securities as at the balance sheet date.

k) Borrowing Costs

Borrowing costs that are attributable to the acquisition of qualifying assets are capitalised upto the period such assets are ready for their intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged in the statement of profit and loss.

m) Impairment of Assets

Impairment of individual assets/cash generating unit (a group of assets that generates identified independent cash flows) are identified using external and internal sources of information and impairment loss, if any, is determined and recognised in accordance with Accounting Standard (AS) 28-Impairment of Assets.

n) Provisions, Contingent liabilities and Contingent assets Provisions are recognised, if :

a) the Company has a present obligation as a result of a past event.

b) a probable outflow of resources is expected to settle the obligation and

c) the amount of the obligation can be reliably estimated.

Reimbursements expected in respect of expenditure required to settle a provision are recognised only when it is virtually certain that the reimbursement will be received.

Contingent liability is disclosed in the case of

a) a present obligation arising from a past event, when it is dependent on the outcome of a process such as legal process and it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation.

b) a possible obligation, dependent as stated in (a) above unless the probability of outflow of resources is remote.

Contingent Assets are neither recognised nor disclosed.

o) Research and Development Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged under respective heads of account. Capital expenditure on research and development is included as part of fixed assets and depreciated on the same basis as other fixed assets.