Accounting Policies of Gulf Oil Lubricants India Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2018

a. Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises the purchase price (Net of Cenvat, VAT credit and GST input credit wherever applicable) and any directly attributable cost of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use. Such cost also includes the cost of replacing part of the Property, plant and equipment and borrowing costs for construction/acquisition of qualifying assets if the recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of Property, plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals, the

Company depreciates them separately based on their specific useful lives.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

Depreciation is provided on a pro-rata basis on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, based on technical evaluation done by management’s expert in order to reflect the actual usage of the assets. The depreciation charge for each period is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss, unless it is included in the carrying amount of any other asset. The useful life, residual value and the depreciation method are reviewed atleast at each financial year end. If the expectations differ from previous estimates, the changes are accounted for prospectively as a change in accounting estimate. The estimates of useful lives of property, plant and equipment are as follows :

- Factory buildings 30 years

- Other than factory building 30-60 years

- Plant and Machinery (Other 10-15 years than Research and development equipment and electrical installation)

- Office Equipment 5 years

- Research and development 10 years equipment and electrical installation

- Furniture and fixtures 10 years

- Computers 3 years

- Vehicle 8 years

Leasehold improvements are amortised over the lease period on straight line basis.

b. Intangible assets

Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Intangible assets are amortised over the useful economic life based on management assessment.

The amortisation period and the amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates. The amortisation expense on intangible assets is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

c. Impairment of non-financial assets

The carrying amount of assets are reviewed for impairment at the end of each reporting date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external factors. An impairment loss is recognised in the statement of profit and loss wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the asset’s or cash generating unit’s fair value less cost of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value, recent market transactions are taken into account.

The business plans which are approved on an annual basis by senior management are the primary source of information for the determination of value in use. Impairment losses are recognised in the statement of profit and loss, except for previously revalued tangible assets, where the revaluation was taken to revaluation reserve. In this case, the impairment is also recognised in the revaluation reserve up to the amount of any previous revaluation. After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life. A previously recognised impairment loss is increased or reversed depending on changes in circumstances. However, the carrying value after reversal is not increased beyond the carrying value that would have prevailed by charging usual depreciation if there was no impairment. Such reversal is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

d. Leases

The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.

Operating lease:

Assets taken on lease under which substantially all risks and rewards of ownership are effectively retained by the lessor are classified as operating lease. Lease payments under operating lease are recognised as expense on straight line basis over the primary period of lease unless the payments are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the expected inflationary cost increase.

Finance lease (as leassee):

Leases of assets where the Company, as leassee, has substantially retained all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Finance leases are capitalised at the inception of the lease at the fair value of the leased assets or , if lower, the present value of the minimum lease payments.

e. Current versus non-current classification

An asset is treated as current when it is:

Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle

Held primarily for the purpose of trading

Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or

Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is current when:’

It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle

It is held primarily for the purpose of trading

I t is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or

There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

The Company classifies all other liabilities as noncurrent. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.

f. Trade Receivable

Trade receivable are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method less provision for impairment.

g. Financial instruments

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.

Financial Assets

(i) Classification

The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:

- those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss), and

- those measured at amortised cost.

The classification depends on the entity’s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows. For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in profit or loss or other comprehensive income. For investments in debt instruments, this will depend on the business model in which the investment is held. For investments in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through other comprehensive income.

The Company reclassifies debt investments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.

Measurement

At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss.

Debt instruments

Subsequent measurement of debt instruments are at amortised cost:-

Amortised cost:

Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at amortised cost and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method.

Equity Instruments

The Company initially recognises equity instruments at cost and subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value on each reporting date. Where the Company’s management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to profit or loss. Dividends from such investments are recognised in profit or loss statement as other income when the Company’s right to receive payment is established. Changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss statement are recognised in other income/expense in the statement of profit and loss. Impairment losses (and reversal of impairment losses) on equity investments measured at FVOCI are not reported separately from other changes in fair value.

Impairments of financial assets

The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortised cost and FVOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach required by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables.

Derecognition of financial assets

A financial asset is derecognised only when

The Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset or retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

Where the entity has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the entity has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognised.

Where the entity has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.

Financial liabilities

(i) Measurement:

Financial liabilities are initially recognised at fair value, reduced by transaction costs (in case of financial liability not at fair value through profit or loss), that are directly attributable to the issue of financial liability. After initial recognition, financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using effective interest method. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash outflow (including all fees paid, transaction cost, and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition. At the time of initial recognition, there is no financial liability irrevocably designated as measured at fair value through profit or loss. Liabilities from finance lease agreements are measured at the lower of fair value of the leased asset or present value of minimum lease payments.

ii) Derecognition:

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability.

The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.

h. Derivatives

Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period.

i. Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.

j. Inventories

I nventories consist of raw and packing materials, stock-in-trade, work in progress and finished goods. Inventories are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of inventories is determined on weighted average basis. Cost of manufactured finished goods and work-in-progress includes material cost determined on weighted average basis and also includes an appropriate portion of allocable overheads and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost of traded goods includes cost of purchase and other cost incurred in bringing the inventories to the present location and condition. Due allowances are made in respect of slow moving, non-moving and obsolete inventories based on estimate made by management. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

k. Cash and cash equivalents

For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the balance sheet.

l. Trade and other payable

These amounts represents obligations to pay for goods and services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. These payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less otherwise they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade and payables are recognised initially at fair value and are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

m. Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss. Provisions are measured at the present value of management’s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period.

n. Government grants

Grant from Government are recognised at their fair value where there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the company will comply with all attached conditions.

Government grants relating to income are deferred and recognised in the profit or loss over the period necessary to match them with the costs that they are intended to compensate and presented within other income.

Government grants relating to the purchase of property, plant and equipment are included in non-current liabilities as deferred income and are credited to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the expected lives of the related assets and presented within other income.

o. Retirement and other employee benefits

(i). Gratuity

The Company provides for gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan (‘the Gratuity Plan’) covering eligible employees. The Gratuity Plan provides a lump-sum payment to vested employees at retirement, death, incapacitation or termination of employment, of an amount based on respective employee’s salary and tenure of employment with the Company.

Liabilities with regard to Gratuity Plan are determined by actuarial valuation, performed by an independent actuary, at each Balance Sheet date using projected unit credit method. The Company contributes all ascertained liabilities to the Gulf Oil Lubricants India Limited employees group gratuity cum life assurance Scheme (‘the Trust’). Trustees administer contributions made to the Trusts and contributions are invested in insurer managed fund.

The Company recognises the net obligation of a defined benefit plan in its Balance Sheet as an asset or liability.

Gains and losses through premeasurements of the net defined benefit liability/(asset) are recognised in other comprehensive income. The actual return of the portfolio of plan assets, in excess of the yields computed by applying the discount rate used to measure the defined benefit obligation is recognised in other comprehensive income. The effect of any plan amendments or curtailments are recognised in net profit in Statement of Profit and Loss as past service costs.

(ii) Superannuation

Certain employees of the Company are participants in a defined contribution plan. The Company has no further obligations to the plan beyond its contributions which are periodically contributed to the Gulf Oil Lubricants India Limited employees group superannuation scheme, the corpus of which is invested in the insurer managed fund.

(iii) Provident fund

The Company pays provident fund contributions to publicly administered provident fund as per local regulations. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The contributions are accounted for as defined contribution plans and the contributions are recognised as employee benefit expense when they are due.

(iv) Compensated absences

The liabilities for earned leave that are not expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognised as liability at the present value of liability as at Balance sheet date. Company has determined its liability using projected unit credit method based on Actuarial valuation carried out at the Balance sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(v) Share-based payments

Share-based compensation benefits are provided to employees under “GOLIL Employee Stock Option Plan”. The fair value of equity settled employee stock options is calculated at grant date using a valuation model and recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss, together with a corresponding increase in shareholders’ equity, on a straight—line basis over the vesting period, based on an estimate of the number of options that will eventually vest. The impact of the revision to original estimates, if any, shall be recognised in profit or loss, with a corresponding adjustment to equity.

(vi) Short term employee benefits

Short term employee benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within 12 months from the end of the period in which employee render service are recognised as an expense at the undiscounted amount in the Statement of Profit and Loss of the year in which the related service is rendered.

p. Foreign currencies

(i) Functional currency

The functional currency of the Company is the Indian rupee. These financial statements are presented in Indian rupees (rounded off to lakhs).

(ii) Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the functional currency by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the functional currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction. All foreign currency monetary assets and monetary liabilities as at the Balance Sheet date are translated into the functional currency at the applicable exchange rates prevailing on that date. All exchange differences arising on translation, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Non-monetary assets and nonmonetary liabilities denominated in foreign currency and measured at historical cost are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date of the transaction.

Foreign exchange differences regarded as an adjustment to borrowing costs are presented in the statement of profit and loss, within finance costs. All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the statement of profit and loss on a net basis within other gains/(losses).

Gain or losses upon settlement of foreign currency transactions are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the period in which the transaction is settled.

q. Revenue recognition

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Revenue is recognised when it is earned and no significant uncertainty exists as to its realisation or collection.

Sale of goods

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when ownership in the goods is transferred to the buyer for a price, when significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer and no effective control, to a degree usually associated with ownership, is retained by the Company. Sale of goods are stated net of trade discounts, volume rebates, Value Added Tax and Goods and Service Tax (from July 01, 2017) and include excise duty (upto June 30, 2017).

r. Interest income

Interest income is recorded using the Effective Interest Rate (EIR) for debt instruments carried at amortised cost. EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset.

s. Borrowing Cost

General and specific borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale. Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

t. Taxes

Income tax expense comprises current income tax and deferred income tax. Income tax expense is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss except to the extent it relates to items recognised directly in equity, in which case it is recognised in other comprehensive income or other equity as the case may be.

Current income tax : Current tax is the amount of tax payable based on the taxable profit for the year as determined in accordance with the applicable tax rates and the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred tax : Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the Financial Statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profits.

Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of assets and liabilities in a transaction (other than in a business combination) that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off tax assets against tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxation authority.

u. Earnings per share

(i) Basic earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing: the profit attributable to owners of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the financial year, adjusted for bonus elements in equity shares issued during the year.

(ii) Diluted earnings per share

Diluted earnings per share adjusts the figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share to take into account:

the after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares, and

the weighted average number of additional equity shares that would have been outstanding assuming the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.

v. Dividend Payable

The Company recognises a liability to make cash distributions to equity holders when the distribution is authorised and the distribution is no longer at the discretion of the Company. As per the corporate laws in India, a distribution is authorised when it is approved by the shareholders. A corresponding amount is recognised directly in equity.

w. Contingent liabilities

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognised because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognised because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognise a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.

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Mar 31, 2017

1 General Information and Significant Accounting Policies

A. General Information

Gulf Oil Lubricants India Limited is engaged in the business of manufacturing, marketing and trading of automotive and non automotive lubricants. The Company is a public limited company and is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange (NSE).

B. Significant Accounting Policies

I. Basis of preparation of financial statements

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical cost convention on accrual basis. Pursuant to section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with rule 7(1) of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, till the standard of accounting or any addendum thereto are prescribed by the Central Government in consultation and recommendation of the National Financial Reporting Authority, the existing Accounting Standards notified under the Companies Act, 1956 shall continue to apply. Consequently, these financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with accounting standards notified under Section 211 (3C) [Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006, as amended] and other relevant provision of the Companies Act, 2013. All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III (Division I) of the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current - noncurrent classification of asset and liabilities.

The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of Financial Statements are consistent with those of previous year.

II. Use of estimates

The preparation of the Financial Statements in conformity with Indian GAAP require the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities as at the end of year and the reported revenue and expenses during the year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Actual results could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognized in the periods in which the results are known/materialize.

III. 1. Tangible Assets

(a) Tangible Assets are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises of the purchase price including import duties (non-convictable) and non-refundable taxes, and directly attributable expenses incurred to bring the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of being operated in the manner intended by management.

(b) Subsequent costs related to an item of Property, Plant and Equipment are recognized in the carrying amount of the item if the recognition criteria are met.

(c) Items of Property, Plant and Equipment that have been retired from active use and are held for disposal are stated at the lower of their net carrying amount and net realizable value and are shown separately in the financial statements under the head ''Other current assets''. Any write-down in this regard is recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(d) An item of Property, Plant and Equipment is derecognized on disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. The gain or loss arising on derecognition is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(e) Tangible fixed assets that are not yet ready for their intended use, are carried at costs, comprising direct cost and other incidental / attributable expenses and reflected under Capital work-in-progress.

(f) Depreciation is provided on a pro-rata basis on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, based on technical evaluation done by management''s expert in order to reflect the actual usage of the assets. The depreciation charge for each period is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss, unless it is included in the carrying amount of any other asset. The useful life, residual value and the depreciation method are reviewed at least at each financial year end. If the expectations differ from previous estimates, the changes are accounted for prospectively as a change in accounting estimate.

(g) Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lease period on straight line basis.

(h) Depreciation on additions/ deletions to fixed assets is calculated on pro-rata basis from/ up to the date of such additions/ deletions.

(b) Depreciation on additions/ deletions to fixed assets is calculated on pro-rata basis from/ up to the date of such additions/ deletions.

IV. Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs include interest, other costs incurred in connection with borrowing and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost. General and specific borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. All other borrowing costs are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.

V. Impairment of assets

Assessment is done at each balance sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an asset (tangible and intangible) may be impaired. For the purpose of assessing impairment, the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or group of assets is considered as a cash generating unit. If any such indication exits, an estimate of the recoverable amount of the asset/cash generating unit is made. Assets whose carrying value exceeds their recoverable amount are written down to the recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is higher of an asset''s or cash generating unit''s net selling price and its value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset and from its disposal at the end of its useful life. Assessment is also done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an impairment loss recognized for an asset in prior accounting periods may no longer exist or may have decreased. An impairment loss is reversed to the extent that the asset''s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined if no impairment loss had previously been recognized.

VI. Investments

Investments that are readily realizable and are intended to be held for not more than one year from the date, on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long term investments. Current investments are carried at cost or fair value, whichever is lower. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution is made to recognize a decline, other than temporary, in the value of the investments, such reduction being determined and made for each investment individually.

VII. Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value, after providing obsolescence and other losses which are considered necessary. The cost of finished goods and work in progress comprises of raw material, direct labour, other direct cost and related production overheads. Cost is determined using weighted average cost basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated cost of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

VIII. Foreign currency transactions

(a) Initial Recognition

On initial recognition, all foreign currency transaction are recorded by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

(b) Subsequent Recognition

As at the reporting date, non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.

(c) All monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currency are restated using the exchange rate prevailing at the end of the accounting period.

(d) All the exchange differences are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(e) Forward Exchange contracts

The premium or discount arising at the inception of forward exchange contracts entered into to hedge an existing asset/liability, is amortized as expense or income over the life of the contract. Exchange differences on such contract are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the reporting period in which the exchange rates change. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewal of such a forward contract is recognized as income or as expense for the period.

IX. Revenue recognition

Sale of goods is recognized on transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership in the goods to customers as per the term of the contract and are net of trade discounts, sales tax/ value added tax but inclusive of excise duty.

X. Other Income

(a) Interest: Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.

(b) Dividend: Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive dividend is established.

(c) Income from Duty drawback is recognized on an accrual basis.

XI. Employee benefits

(a) Employee benefits include provident fund, superannuation fund, employee state insurance scheme, Gratuity, compensated absences.

(b) Defined Contribution Plans

The Company''s contribution to provident fund and superannuation fund are considered as defined contribution plans and are charged as an expense based on the amount of contribution required to be made and when services are rendered by the employee. These funds are administered by respective Government Authorities and Company has no further obligation beyond the amount required to be contributed.

(c) Defined Benefit Plans

For defined benefit plans in the form of Gratuity, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognized immediately to the extent the benefits are already vested. The retirement benefit obligation recognized in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefits obligation as adjusted for unrecognized past service cost, as reduced by the fair value of plan assets. Gratuity fund is set up by the Company and is administered through trustees. Plan assets are invested in insurer managed fund.

(d) Short Term Employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognized during the year when the employees render service. These benefits include performance incentive and compensated absences which are expected to occur within twelve months after the period in which the employee renders the related service.

The cost of short term compensated absences is accounted as under: (a) In case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees render services that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and

(b) In case of non-accumulating compensated absences, when absences occur.

(e) Long Term Employee benefits

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service are recognized as liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation as at the Balance Sheet date. Company has determined its liability using projected unit credit method based on Actuarial valuation carried out at the Balance sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

XII. Employee stock options scheme

Equity settled stock options granted under "Employee Stock Option" are accounted for as per the accounting treatment prescribed by the Guidance Note on Employee Share-based Payments issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India as required by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Share Based Employee Benefits) Regulations, 2014. The intrinsic value of the option being excess of market value of the underlying share immediately prior to date of grant over its exercise price is recognized as deferred employee compensation with a credit to employee stock option outstanding account. The deferred employee compensation is charged to Statement of Profit and Loss on straight line basis over the vesting period of the option. The options that lapse are reversed by a credit to employee compensation expense, equal to the amortized portion of value of lapsed portion and credit to deferred employee compensation expense equal to the un-amortized portion.

XIII. Income Taxes

(a) Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax and includes any adjustment related to past period in current year. Current income tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961.

(b) Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off assets against liabilities representing current tax and where the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing taxation laws.

(c) Deferred Income taxes reflect the impact of current year''s timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years.

(d) Deferred tax asset and liabilities are measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized.

(e) The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date. The Company writes down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax assets can be realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

XIV. Provisions and contingent liabilities

(a) Provisions

Provisions are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance sheet date and are not discounted to its present value.

(b) Contingent Liabilities

Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

XV. Leases

Lease arrangements where risks and rewards incidental of ownership of an asset substantially rests with the less or are recognized as operating leases. Lease rental under operating leases are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight line basis.

XVI. Cash & cash equivalents

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash Equivalents are short term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investment that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

XVII. Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

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Mar 31, 2016

I. Basis of preparation of financial statements

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical cost convention on accrual basis. Pursuant to section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, till the standard of accounting or any addendum thereto are prescribed by the Central Government in consultation and recommendation of the National Financial Reporting Authority, the existing Accounting Standards notified under the Companies Act, 1956 shall continue to apply. Consequently, these financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with accounting standards notified under Section 211(3C) [Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006, as amended] and other relevant provision of the Companies Act, 2013.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current - non current classification of asset and liabilities.

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs ( MCA) has notified the Companies (Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2016 vide its notification dated March 30, 2016. The said notification read with Rule 3(2) of the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 is applicable to accounting periods commencing on or after the date of notification i.e. April 01, 2016."

II. Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian generally accepted accounting principles require the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities as at the end of year and the reported income and expenses during the year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Actual results could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognized in the periods in which the results are known/materialize.

III. 1. Tangible Assets

(a) Tangible Assets are stated at acquisition cost (net of Cenvat credit wherever applicable), net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Acquisition cost comprises of the purchase price (net of refundable duties and taxes) and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use.

(b) Subsequent expenditures related to an item of fixed asset are added to its book value only if they increase the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard performance.

(c) Items of fixed assets that have been retired from active use and are held for disposal are stated at the lower of their net book value and net realizable value and are shown separately under the head "Other current assets", in the financial statements. Any expected loss is recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(d) Losses arising from the retirement of and gains or losses arising from disposal of fixed assets which are carried at cost are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(e) Tangible fixed assets that are not yet ready for their intended use, are carried at costs, comprising direct cost and other incidental / attributable expenses and reflected under Capital work-in- progress.

2. Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Acquisition cost comprises of the purchase price (net of refundable duties and taxes) and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use.

IV. Depreciation / amortization on tangible and intangible assets

(a) Depreciation is provided on a pro-rata basis on the straight-line method over estimated useful lives of the assets determined by management in the manner prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act 2013.:

(b) Leasehold improvements are amortised over lease period on straight line basis.

(c) Depreciation on additions/ deletions to fixed assets is calculated pro-rata from/ up to the date of such additions/ deletions

V. Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs include interest, other costs incurred in connection with borrowing and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost. General and specific borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. All other borrowing costs are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.

VI. Impairment of assets

Assessment is done at each balance sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an asset (tangible and intangible) may be impaired. For the purpose of assessing impairment, the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or group of assets is considered as a cash generating unit. If any such indication exits, an estimate of the recoverable amount of the asset/cash generating unit is made. Assets whose carrying value exceeds their recoverable amount are written down to the recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is higher of an asset''s or cash generating unit''s net selling price and its value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset and from its disposal at the end of its useful life. Assessment is also done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in prior accounting periods may no longer exist or may have decreased. An impairment loss is reversed to the extent that the asset''s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined if no impairment loss had previously been recognised.

VII. Investments

Investments that are readily realisable and are intended to be held for not more than one year from the date, on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long term investments. Current investments are carried at cost or fair value, whichever is lower. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary, in the value of the investments, such reduction being determined and made for each investment individually.

VIII. Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value, after providing obsolescence and other losses which are considered necessary. The cost of finished goods and work in progress comprises of raw material, direct labour, other direct cost and related production overheads. Cost is determined using weighted average cost basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated cost of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

IX. Foreign currency transactions

(a) Initial Recognition

On initial recognition, all foreign currency transaction are recorded by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

(b) Subsequent Recognition

As at the reporting date, non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.

(c) All monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currency are restated using the exchange rate prevailing at the end of the accounting period

(d) All the exchange differences are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(e) Forward Exchange contracts

The premium or discount arising at the inception of forward exchange contracts entered into to hedge an existing asset/liability, is amortized as expense or income over the life of the contract. Exchange differences on such contract are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the reporting period in which the exchange rates change. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewal of such a forward contract is recognized as income or as expense for the period.

X. Revenue recognition

Sale of goods is recognized on transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership in the goods to customers as per the term of the contract and are net of trade discounts, sales tax/value added tax but inclusive of excise duty.

XI. Other Income

(a) Interest: Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.

(b) Dividend: Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive dividend is established.

(c) Income from Duty drawback is recognized on an accrual basis.

XII. Employee benefits

(a) Employee benefits include provident fund, superannuation fund, employee state insurance scheme, Gratuity, compensated absences.

(b) Defined Contribution Plans

The Company''s contribution to provident fund and superannuation fund are considered as defined contribution plans and are charged as an expense based on the amount of contribution required to be made and when services are rendered by the employee. These funds are administered by respective Government Authorities and Company has no further obligation beyond the amount required to be contributed.

(c) Defined Benefit Plans

For defined benefit plans in the form of Gratuity, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognized immediately to the extent the benefits are already vested. The retirement benefit obligation recognized in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefits obligation as adjusted for unrecognized past service cost, as reduced by the fair value of plan assets. Gratuity fund is set up by the Company and is administered through trustees. Plan assets are invested in insurer managed fund.

(d) Short Term Employee benefits:

The undiscounted amount of short-term benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognized during the year when the employees render service. These benefits include performance incentive and compensated absences which are expected to occur within twelve months after the period in which the employee renders the related service.

The cost of short term compensated absences is accounted as under: (a) In case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees render services that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and (b) In case of non- accumulating compensated absences, when absences occur.

(e) Long Term Employee Benefits:

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service are recognized as liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation as at the Balance Sheet date. Company has determined using projected unit credit method based on Actuarial valuation carried out at the Balance sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

XIII. Employee stock options scheme

Equity settled stock options granted under "Employee Stock Option" are accounted for as per the accounting treatment prescribed by the Guidance Note on Employee Share-based Payments issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India as required by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Share Based Employee Benefits) Regulations, 2014. The intrinsic value of the option being excess of market value of the underlying share immediately prior to date of grant over its exercise price is recognised as deferred employee compensation with a credit to employee stock option outstanding account. The deferred employee compensation is charged to Statement of Profit and Loss on straight line basis over the vesting period of the option. The options that lapse are reversed by a credit to employee compensation expense, equal to the amortised portion of value of lapsed portion and credit to deferred employee compensation expense equal to the un-amortised portion.

XIV. Income Taxes

(a) Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax and includes any adjustment related to past period in current year. Current income tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961.

(b) Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis.

(c) Deferred Income taxes reflect the impact of current year''s timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years.

(d) Deferred tax asset and liabilities are measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized.

(e) The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date. The Company writes down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax assets can be realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

XV. Provisions and contingent liabilities

(a) Provisions: Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance sheet date and are not discounted to its present value.

(b) Contingent Liabilities: Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

XVI. Leases

Lease arrangements where risks and rewards incidental of ownership of an asset substantially rests with the lessor are recognized as operating leases. Lease rental under operating leases are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight line basis.

XVII. Cash & cash equivalents

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash Equivalents are short term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investment that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

XVIII. Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

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Mar 31, 2015

1.1 Basis of preparation:

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India under historical cost convention on accrual basis. Pursuant to Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, till the standard of accounting or any addendum thereto are prescribed by Central Government in consultation and recommendation of the National Financial Reporting Authority, the existing Accounting Standards notified under the Companies Act, 1956 shall continue to apply. Consequently, these financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with accounting standards notified under Section 211(3C) [Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006, as amended] and other relevant provision of the Companies Act, 2013.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current – non current classification of asset and liabilities.

1.2 Use of Estimate:

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian generally accepted accounting principles require the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities as at end of year and the reported income and expenses during the year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Actual results could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognized in the periods in which the results are known/materialize.

1.3 Tangible Assets:

Tangible Assets are stated at acquisition cost (net of Cenvat credit wherever applicable), net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Acquisition cost comprises of the purchase price (net of refundable duties and taxes) and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use.

Subsequent expenditures related to an item of fixed asset are added to its book value only if they increase the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard performance.

Items of fixed assets that have been retired from active use and are held for disposal are stated at the lower of their net book value and net realizable value and are shown separately in the financial statements. Any expected loss is recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Losses arising from the retirement of and gains or losses arising from disposal of fixed assets which are carried at cost are recognized in the Statement of Prof t and Loss.

Tangible fixed assets that are not yet ready for their intended use, are carried at costs, comprising direct cost and other incidental / attributable expenses and reflected under Capital work-in-progress.

1.4 Intangible Assets:

Intangible assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Acquisition cost comprises of the purchase price (net of refundable duties and taxes) and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use.

1.5 Depreciation and Amortisation

Depreciation is provided on a pro-rata basis on the straight-line method over estimated useful lives of the assets determined by management in the manner prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act 2013.

Leasehold improvements are amortised over lease period on straight line basis.

Depreciation on additions/ deletions to fixed assets is calculated pro-rata from/ up to the date of such additions/ deletions.

1.6 Impairment of Assets:

Assessment is done at each balance sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an asset (tangible and intangible) may be impaired. For the purpose of assessing impairment, the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or group of assets is considered as a cash generating unit. If any such indication exits, an estimate of the recoverable amount of the asset/cash generating unit is made. Assets whose carrying value exceeds their recoverable amount are written down to the recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is higher of an asset''s or cash generating unit''s net selling price and its value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset and from its disposal at the end of its useful life. Assessment is also done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in prior accounting periods may no longer exist or may have decreased.

1.7 Investments:

Investments that are readily realisable and are intended to be held for not more than one year from the date, on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments.

Current investments are carried at cost or fair value, whichever is lower. Long-term investments are carried at cost. However, provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary, in the value of the investments, such reduction being determined and made for each investment individually.

1.8 Inventories:

Inventories are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value, after providing obsolescence and other losses which are considered necessary. The cost of finished goods and work in progress comprises of raw material, direct labour, other direct cost and related production overheads. Cost is determined using weighted average cost basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated cost of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

1.9 Cash and Cash Equivalents:

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash Equivalents are short-term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investment that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.

1.10 Revenue Recognition:

Sale of goods is recognized, on transfer of significant risks and rewards to customers and are net of trade discounts, sales tax/value added tax but inclusive of excise duty.

Export incentives under the Duty Entitlement Pass Book scheme are recognized on accrual basis in the year of export.

1.11 Other Income:

Interest: Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.

Dividend: Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive dividend is established.

Income from Duty drawback and premium on sale of Import licenses is recognized on an accrual basis.

1.12 Foreign currency translation:

Initial Recognition

On initial recognition, all foreign currency transaction are recorded by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.

Subsequent Recognition

As at the reporting date, non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.

All monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currency are restated using the exchange rate prevailing at the end of the accounting period.

All the exchange differences are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Forward Exchange contracts

The premium or discount arising at the inception of forward exchange contracts entered into to hedge an existing asset/liability, is amortized as expense or income over the life of the contract. Exchange differences on such contract are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the reporting period in which the exchange rates change. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewal of such a forward contract is recognized as income or as expense for the period.

1.13 Borrowing Cost:

General and specific borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. All other borrowing costs are recognized in Statement of Prof t and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.

1.14 Leases:

Lease arrangements where risks and rewards incidental of ownership of an asset substantially rests with the lessor are recognized as operating leases. Lease rental under operating leases are recognized in the Statement of Prof t and Loss on a straight line basis.

1.15 Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net prof t or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

1.16 Employee Benefits:

Employee benefits include provident fund, superannuation fund, employee state insurance scheme, Gratuity, compensated absences.

Defined Contribution Plans

The Company''s contribution to provident fund and superannuation fund are considered as defend contribution plans and are charged as an expense based on the amount of contribution required to be made and when services are rendered by the employee. These funds are administered by respective Government Authorities and Company has no further obligation beyond the amount required to be contributed.

Defined Benefit Plans

For defined benefit plans in the form of Gratuity, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in the Statement of Prof t and Loss in the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognized immediately to the extent the benefits are already vested. The retirement benefit obligation recognized in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefits obligation as adjusted for unrecognized past service cost, as reduced by the fair value of plan assets. Gratuity fund is set up by the Company and is administered through trustees. Plan assets are invested in insurer managed fund.

Short Term Employee benefits:

The undiscounted amount of short-term benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognized during the year when the employees render service. These benefits include performance incentive and compensated absences which are expected to occur within twelve months after the period in which the employee renders the related service.

The cost of short term compensated absences is accounted as under:

(a) In case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees render services that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and

(b) In case of non-accumulating compensated absences, when absences occur.

Long Term Employee Benefits:

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service are recognized as liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation as at the Balance Sheet date. Company has determined using projected unit credit method based on Actuarial valuation carried out at the Balance sheet date. Actuarial gains and lossed are recognized in the Statement of Prof t and Loss.

1.17 Income Taxes

Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax and includes any adjustment related to past period in current year. Current income tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis.

Deferred Income taxes reflect the impact of current year''s timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years.

Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date. The Company writes down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax assets can be realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

1.18 Provision and Contingencies:

Provisions: Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance sheet date and are not discounted to its present value.

Contingent Liabilities: Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.