Accounting Policies of Prakash Industries Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2023

Significant Accounting policies

2.1 Basis of preparation

These financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section
133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (''the Act'') read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015
as amended, and presentation requirements of Schedule III to the Act under the historical cost convention on accrual basis
except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair value.

Accounting policies have been consistently applied except where a newly issued accounting standard is initially adopted
or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.

The financial statements are presented in INR, which is also the Company''s functional currency and all values are rounded
to the nearest lakhs (INR 00,000), except when otherwise indicated.

All assets and liabilities, other than deferred tax assets and liabilities, have been classified as current or non-current as
per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III (Division II) to the Act. Deferred
tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities. Based on the nature of products and the time
between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has
ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for current and non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

2.2 Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with the Ind AS requires management to make judgements,
estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities
and disclosures as at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of the revenues and expenses for the
years presented. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are
considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are
recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the
revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

Critical Judgements In the process of applying the Company''s accounting policies, management has made the following
judgements, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements:

Discount rate used to determine the carrying amount of the Company''s defined benefit obligation: In determining
the appropriate discount rate for plans operated in India, the management considers the interest rates of government bonds
in currencies consistent with the currencies of the post-employment benefit obligation.

Contingences and commitments: In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigations and
other claims against the Company. Where the potential liabilities have a low probability of crystallizing or are very difficult to
quantify reliably, company treat them as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not provided
for in the financial statements. Although there can be no assurance regarding the final outcome of the legal proceedings,
company does not expect them to have a materially adverse impact on the financial position or profitability.

Key sources of estimation uncertainty

The key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting
period, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within
the next financial year are discussed below:

Income taxes: The Company''s tax jurisdiction is India. Significant judgments are involved in determining the provision for
income taxes, including amount expected to be paid / recovered for uncertain tax positions.

Useful lives of property, plant and equipment: As described in note 2.7, the Company reviews the estimated useful lives
and residual values of property, plant and equipment at the end of each reporting period. During the current financial year,
the management determined that there were no changes to the useful lives and residual values of the property, plant and
equipment.

Allowances for doubtful debts: The Company makes allowances for doubtful debts based on an assessment of the
recoverability of trade and other receivables. The identification of doubtful debts requires use of judgement and estimates.

2.3 Operating Cycle and Current versus non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification in accordance
with Part-I of Division- II of Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013.

An asset is treated as current when it (a) Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating
cycle; (b) Held primarily for the purpose of trading; or (c) Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting
period, or (d) The asset is cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for
at least twelve months after the reporting period. All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is current when (a) It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle; or (b) It is held primarily for the purpose
of trading; or (c) It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or (d) There is no unconditional right
to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. Terms of a liability that could,
at the option of the counterparty, results in its settlement by the issue of equity instruments do not affect its classification.
The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash
equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its normal operating cycle.

2.4 Revenue recognition
Revenue

The Company manufactures and sells a range of steel products. The disclosures of significant accounting judgments,
estimates and assumptions relating to revenue from contracts with customers are provided below.

Sale of products

Revenue from sale of products is recognised when control of the products has transferred, being when the products are
delivered to the customer. Delivery occurs when the products have been delivered to the specific location as the case
may be, the risks of loss has been transferred, and either the customer has accepted the products in accordance with the
sales contract, or the Company has objective evidence that all criteria for acceptance have been satisfied. Sale of products
include related ancillary services, if any.

Revenue from these sales is recognised based on the price specified in the contract, net of the estimated trade discounts.
Accumulated experience is used to estimate and provide for the discounts, using the most likely method, and revenue is
only recognised to the extent that it is highly probable that a significant reversal will not occur.

No element of financing is deemed present as the sales are generally made with a credit term of 30-60 days, which is
consistent with market practice. Any obligation to provide a refund is recognised as a provision. A receivable is recognised
when the goods are delivered as this is the point in time that the consideration is unconditional because only the passage
of time is required before the payment is due. The Company does not have any contracts where the period between the
transfer of the promised goods or services to the customer and payment by the customer exceeds one year.

Interest income Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective
interest rate applicable.

Dividends Dividend income from investments is recognised when the Company''s right to receive the payment is established,
which is generally when shareholders approve the dividend.

2.5 Segment Reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which discrete financial information is available that is
evaluated regularly by the Chief Financial Officer in deciding how to allocate resources and assessing performance. Thus,
the Company''s business falls under - one operational segment i.e. “Iron & Steel”.

The entire power generated by its power plant at Champa is captively used by the Company in it''s production processes
of iron & steel. Therefore, in terms of Para 12 of Ind AS 108, the management has decided to aggregate it into primary

business operating segment i.e., “Iron & Steel”. Hence, the figure of captive power generation has been included in one
reportable segment “Iron & Steel”.

Moreover, Wind Power Business does not meet any of the quantitative thresholds as defined in the Para 13 of Ind AS 108
. Hence, the information about that segment is not being continued to be reported separately.

2.6 Foreign Currencies

Functional currency: The functional currency of the Company is the Indian rupee.

Transactions and translations: Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange
rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign-currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated into
the relevant functional currency at exchange rates in effect at the Balance Sheet date. The gains or losses resulting from
such translations are included in net profit in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Non-monetary assets and non-monetary
liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at fair value are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at
the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a foreign
currency and measured at historical cost are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date of the transaction.

Transaction gains or losses realized upon settlement of foreign currency transactions are included in determining net profit
for the period in which the transaction is settled. Revenue, expense and cash flow items denominated in foreign currencies
are translated into the relevant functional currencies using the exchange rate in effect on the date of the transaction.

Foreign exchange difference regarded as borrowing taken for non-monetary items, an adjustment to borrowing costs are
presented/reported as part of non-monetary item.

2.7 Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment (PPE) are initially recognised at cost. The initial cost of PPE comprises its purchase price,
including non-refundable duties and taxes net of any trade discounts and rebates. The cost of PPE includes interest on
borrowings (borrowing cost) directly attributable to acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets subsequent
to initial recognition, PPE are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation (other than freehold land, which are stated at
cost) and impairment losses, if any.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only
when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the
item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised
when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they
are incurred.

Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets.
However, when there is no reasonable certainty that ownership will be obtained by the end of the lease term, assets are
depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and useful lives.

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost of assets (other than freehold land and capital work in progress) less
their residual values over the useful lives, using the straight- line method (“SLM”) in the manner prescribed in Schedule II
of the Act. Management believes based on a technical evaluation (which is based on technical advice, taking into account
the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement,
anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support, etc.) that the useful lives of the
assets as considered by the company reflect the periods over which these assets are expected to be used.

The carrying values of property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

The residual values, useful life and depreciation method are reviewed at each financial year-end to ensure that the amount,
method and period of depreciation are consistent with previous estimates and the expected pattern of consumption of the
future economic benefits embodied in the items of property, plant and equipment.

Mining assets are amortised over the useful life of the mine or lease period whichever is lower.

Freehold land is not depreciated.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected
to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on disposal or retirement of an item of property,
plant and equipment is determined as the difference between sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is
recognised in profit or loss. Fully depreciated assets still in use are retained in financial statements.

2.8 i. Exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources

Expenditures associated with search for specific mineral resources are recognised as exploration and evaluation
assets. The following expenditure comprises cost of exploration and evaluation assets:

- obtaining of the rights to explore and evaluate mineral reserves and resources including costs directly related to
this acquisition.

- researching and analysing existing exploration data.

- conducting geological studies, exploratorydrilling and sampling

- examining and testing extraction and treatment methods

- compiling pre-feasibility and feasibility studies

- activities in relation to evaluating the technical feasibility and commercial viability of extracting a mineral resource.

Administration and other overhead costs are charged to the cost of exploration and evaluation assets only if directly
related to an exploration and evaluation project.

If a project does not prove viable, all irrecoverable exploration and evaluation expenditure associated with the project
net of any related impairment allowances is written off to the statement of profit and loss.

The Company measures its exploration and evaluation assets at cost and classifies as property, plant and equipment
or intangible assets according to the nature of the assets acquired and applies the classification consistently. To the
extent that a tangible asset is consumed in developing an intangible asset, the amount reflecting that consumption
is capitalised as a part of the cost of the intangible asset.

As the asset is not available for use, it is not depreciated. All exploration and evaluation assets are monitored for
indications of impairment. An exploration and evaluation asset is no longer classified as such when the technical
feasibility and commercial viability of extracting a mineral resource are demonstrable and the development of the
deposit is sanctioned by the management. The carrying value of such exploration and evaluation asset is reclassified
to mining assets.

ii. Development expenditure for mineral reserves

Development is the establishment of access to mineral reserves and other preparations for commercial production.
Development activities often continue during production and include:

- sinking shafts and underground drifts (often called mine development)

- making permanent excavations

- developing passageways and rooms or galleries

- building roads and tunnels and

- advance removal of overburden and waste rock

Development (or construction) also includes the installation of infrastructure (e.g., roads, utilities and housing),
machinery, equipment and facilities.

Development expenditure is capitalised and presented as part of mining assets. No depreciation is charged on the
development expenditure before the start of commercial production.

iii. Provision for restoration and environmental costs

The Company has liabilities related to restoration of soil and other related works, which are due upon the closure of
certain of its mining sites.

Such liabilities are estimated case-by-case based on available information, taking into account applicable local legal
requirements. The estimation is made using existing technology, at current prices, and discounted using an appropriate
discount rate where the effect of time value of money is material.

Future restoration and environmental costs, discounted to net present value, are capitalised and the corresponding
restoration liability is raised as soon as the obligation to incur such costs arises. Future restoration and environmental
costs are capitalized in property, plant and equipment or mining assets as appropriate and are depreciated over the
life of the related asset. The effect of time value of money on the restoration and environmental costs liability is
recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

2.9 Capital work-in-progress

Capital work-in-progress are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing
cost.

2.10 Intangible assets

Intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at cost less accumulated
amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any

An intangible asset is derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal.
Gains or losses on derecognition are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in profit
or loss within other gains/(losses).

The Company amortises intangible assets with a finite useful life using the straight-line method over the useful lives
determined by the terms of the agreement /contract. The estimated useful life is reviewed annually by the management.

2.11 Impairment of PPE and intangibles assets

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets with finite life are evaluated for recoverability whenever there is any
indication that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount (i.e.
higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset
does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable
amount is determined for the cash-generating unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or CGU) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of
the asset (or CGU) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognized in the Statement of Profit and
Loss.

2.12 Investment in subsidiary/joint ventures (JV)

Investments in subsidiary/JV are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses, if any. Where an indication of
impairment exists, the carrying amount of the investment is assessed and written down immediately to its recoverable
amount. On disposal of investments in subsidiary/JV, the difference between net disposal proceeds and the carrying amounts
are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

2.13 Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the
year. Current and deferred taxes are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that
are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also
recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current tax: Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as
determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Current tax assets and current tax liabilities
are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the
asset and the liability on a net basis.

Deferred tax: Deferred income tax is recognized using the Balance Sheet approach. Deferred income tax assets and
liabilities are recognised for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and
liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or
liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the
time of the transaction.

Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that either future taxable profits or reversal of
deferred tax liabilities will be available, against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused
tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized. The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset is reviewed at the end of
each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to
allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilized.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively
enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred tax asset is realized or
the deferred tax liability is settled. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to
set current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority.

2.14 Operating Leases Including Investment Properties

The Company assesses at contract inception whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. That is, if the contract conveys
the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

As a lessee

a) Right-of-use assets

The Company recognises right-of-use assets at the commencement date of the lease (i.e. the date the underlying asset is
available for use). Right-of-use assets are measured at cost, less any accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, and
adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liabilities. The cost of right-of-use assets includes the amount of lease liabilities
recognised, initial direct costs incurred, and lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease
incentives received. Right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and the
estimated useful lives of the assets.

If ownership of the leased asset transfers to the Company at the end of the lease term or the cost reflects the exercise of
a purchase option, depreciation is calculated using the estimated useful life of the asset.

The right-of-use assets are also subject to impairment. Refer to note 2.11 for accounting policies on impairment of non¬
financial assets.

b) Lease liabilities

At the commencement date of the lease, the Company recognises lease liabilities measured at the present value of lease
payments to be made over the lease term. The lease payments primarily comprise of fixed payments.

In calculating the present value of lease payments, the Group uses its incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement
date because the interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. After the commencement date, the amount
of lease liabilities is increased to reflect the accretion of interest and reduced for the lease payments made.

c) Short-term leases and leases of low value assets

The Company applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to its short-term leases of office spaces and certain
equipment (i.e. those leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less from the commencement date and do not contain
a purchase option). It also applies the lease of low-value assets recognition exemption to leases of office equipment that
are considered to be low value. Lease payments on short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised as
expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

As a lessor

Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an asset
are classified as operating leases. Rental income arising is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the lease terms.
Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased
asset and recognised over the lease term on the same basis as rental income

2.15 Cash and cash equivalents

For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits
held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months
or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in
value.

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Mar 31, 2018

Notes on standalone financial statements

1. Company Overview

Prakash Industries Limited (the “Company’’) is a public limited company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act applicable in India and its equity shares are listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and Bombay Stock Exchange(BSE) in India. It has been engaged primarily in the business of manufacture and sale of Steel Products & PVC Pipes and generation of Power. The Company has its manufacturing facilities in India and sells products in India.

2. Recent accounting pronouncement

Appendix B to Ind AS 21, Foreign currency transactions and advance consideration:

On March 28, 2018, Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) has notified the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2018 containing Appendix B to Ind AS 21, Foreign currency transactions and advance consideration which clarifies the date of the transaction for the purpose of determining the exchange rate to use on initial recognition of the related asset, expense or income, when an entity has received or paid advance consideration in a foreign currency.

The amendment will come into force from April 1, 2018. The Company has evaluated the effect of this on the financial statements and the impact is not material.

Ind AS 115- Revenue from Contract with Customers: On March 28, 2018, Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) has notified the Ind AS 115, Revenue from Contract with Customers. The core principle of the new standard is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Further the new standard requires enhanced disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from the entity''s contracts with customers.

The standard permits two possible methods of transition: Retrospective approach - Under this approach the standard will be applied retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented in accordance with Ind AS 8 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors. Retrospectively with cumulative effect of initially applying the standard recognized at the date of initial application (Cumulative catch - up approach). The effective date for adoption of Ind AS 115 is financial periods beginning on or after April 1, 2018. The impact on adoption of Ind AS 115 is expected to be insignificant.

3. Significant Accounting policies

3.1 Basis of preparation

These financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘the Act’) read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended, and presentation requirements of Schedule III to the Act under the historical cost convention on accrual basis except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair value.

Accounting policies have been consistently applied except where a newly issued accounting standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.

3.2 Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with the Ind AS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and disclosures as at date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of the revenues and expenses for the years presented. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

Critical Judgements In the process of applying the Company’s accounting policies, management has made the following judgements, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements:

Discount rate used to determine the carrying amount of the Company’s defined benefit obligation: In determining the appropriate discount rate for plans operated in India, the management considers the interest rates of government bonds in currencies consistent with the currencies of the post-employment benefit obligation.

Contingences and commitments: In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigations and other claims against the Company. Where the potential liabilities have a low probability of crystallizing or are very difficult to quantify reliably, company treat them as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not provided for in the financial statements. Although there can be no assurance regarding the final outcome of the legal proceedings, company do not expect them to have a materially adverse impact on the financial position or profitability.

Key sources of estimation uncertainty

The key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below:

Income taxes: The Company’s tax jurisdiction is India. Significant judgments are involved in determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid / recovered for uncertain tax positions.

Useful lives of property, plant and equipment: As described in note 3.7, the Company reviews the estimated useful lives and residual values of property, plant and equipment at the end of each reporting period. During the current financial year, the management determined that there were no changes to the useful lives and residual values of the property, plant and equipment.

Allowances for doubtful debts: The Company makes allowances for doubtful debts based on an assessment of the recoverability of trade and other receivables. The identification of doubtful debts requires use of judgement and estimates.

3.3 Operating Cycle and Current versus non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification in accordance with Part-I of Division- II of Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013.

An asset is treated as current when it (a) Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle; (b) Held primarily for the purpose of trading; or (c) Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or (d) The asset is cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is current when (a) It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle; or (b) It is held primarily for the purpose of trading; or (c) It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or (d) There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. Terms of a liability that could, at the option of the counterparty, results in its settlement by the issue of equity instruments do not affect its classification. The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its normal operating cycle.

3.4 Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is being made. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment inclusive of Excise Duty and net of GST returns, trade allowances, rebates, taxes and amounts collected on behalf of third parties and government.

Sale of Goods Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the goods are delivered and titles have passed, at which time all the following conditions are satisfied:

- the Company has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods;

- the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;

- the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

- it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company; and the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

Interest income Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable.

Dividends Dividend income from investments is recognised when the Company’s right to receive the payment is established, which is generally when shareholders approve the dividend.

3.5 Segment Reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, in deciding how to allocate resources and assessing performance. Thus, the Company’s business falls under three operational segments i.e. Steel Products, PVC pipe and Power.

Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis have been included under “unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities.

3.6 Foreign Currencies

Functional currency: The functional currency of the Company is the Indian rupee.

Transactions and translations: Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign-currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated into the relevant functional currency at exchange rates in effect at the Balance Sheet date. The gains or losses resulting from such translations are included in net profit in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at fair value are translated at
the exchange rate prevalent at the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at historical cost are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date of the transaction.

Transaction gains or losses realized upon settlement of foreign currency transactions are included in determining net profit for the period in which the transaction is settled. Revenue, expense and cash flow items denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the relevant functional currencies using the exchange rate in effect on the date of the transaction.

Foreign exchange difference regarded as borrowing taken for non-monetary items, an adjustment to borrowing costs are presented/reported as part of non-monetary item.

3.7 Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment (PPE) are initially recognised at cost. The initial cost of PPE comprises its purchase price, including non-refundable duties and taxes net of any trade discounts and rebates. The cost of PPE includes interest on borrowings (borrowing cost) directly attributable to acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets subsequent to initial recognition, PPE are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation (other than freehold land, which are stated at cost) and impairment losses, if any.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets. However, when there is no reasonable certainty that ownership will be obtained by the end of the lease term, assets are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and useful lives.

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost of assets (other than freehold land and capital work in progress) less their residual values over the useful lives, using the straight- line method (“SLM”) in the manner prescribed in Schedule II of the Act. Management believes based on a technical evaluation (which is based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support, etc.) that the useful lives of the assets as considered by the company reflect the periods over which these assets are expected to be used.

The carrying values of property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

The residual values, useful life and depreciation method are reviewed at each financial year-end to ensure that the amount, method and period of depreciation are consistent with previous estimates and the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits embodied in the items of property, plant and equipment.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in profit or loss. Fully depreciated assets still in use are retained in financial statements.

3.8 Capital work-in-progress and intangible assets under development

Capital work-in-progress/intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost.

3.9 Intangible assets

Intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

An intangible asset is derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses on derecognition are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in profit or loss within other gains/(losses).

The Company amortises intangible assets with a finite useful life using the straight-line method over the of useful lives determined by the terms of the agreement /contract. The estimated useful life is reviewed annually by the management.

3.10 Investment in subsidiary/joint ventures (JV)

Investments in subsidiary/JV are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses, if any. Where an indication of impairment exists, the carrying amount of the investment is assessed and written down immediately to its recoverable amount. On disposal of investments in subsidiary/JV, the difference between net disposal proceeds and the carrying amounts are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

3.11 Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current tax: Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis.

Deferred tax: Deferred income tax is recognised using the Balance Sheet approach. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognised for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.

Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that either future taxable profits or reversal of deferred tax liabilities will be available, against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised. The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset is reviewed at the end of each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilised.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred tax asset is realised or the deferred tax liability is settled. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority.

3.12 Leases

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. Leases where a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases.

Operating Lease: Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term except where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from leased assets are consumed. The aggregate benefit of incentives (excluding in inflationary increases where rentals are structured solely to increase in line with the expected general inflation to compensate for the lessor’s inflationary cost increases, such increases are recognised in the year in which the benefits accrue) provided by the lessor is recognized as a reduction of rental expense over the lease term on a straight-line basis.

Finance Lease: Assets held under finance leases are initially recognized as assets of the Company at their fair value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the Balance Sheet as a finance lease obligation. Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets or, where shorter, the term of the relevant lease. Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance expenses are recognized immediately in profit or loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case they are capitalized in accordance with the Company’s general policy on borrowing costs. Contingent rentals are recognized as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.

3.13 Impairment of assets

Financial assets : The Company assesses on a forward-looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its financial assets. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables.

PPE and intangibles assets: Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets with finite life are evaluated for recoverability whenever there is any indication that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount (i.e. higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the cash-generating unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or CGU) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or CGU) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

3.14 Cash and cash equivalents

For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

3.15 Provisions and Contingent Liabilities:

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted to reflect its present value using a current pre-tax rate that reflects the current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

3.16 Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost on FIFO basis and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including octroi and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, excise duty. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

3.17 Non-derivative financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial assets and liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value measured on initial recognition of financial asset or financial liability.

a. Financial assets - Subsequent measurement

Financial assets at amortised cost: Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI): Financial assets are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows that give rise on specified dates to solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding and by selling financial assets.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL): Financial assets are measured at fair value through profit or loss unless it is measured at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income on initial recognition. The transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are immediately recognised in profit or loss.

b. Financial liabilities - Subsequent measurement

Financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Loans and borrowings: After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost on accrual basis.

Composite financial Instrument: The fair value of the liability portion of an optionally convertible bond is determined using a market interest rate for an equivalent non-convertible bond. This amount is recorded as a liability on an amortised cost basis until extinguished on conversion or redemption of the bonds. The remainder of the proceeds is attributable to the equity portion of the compound instrument. This is recognised and included in shareholders’ equity.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expires.

c. Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in financial statements if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

3.18 Borrowing costs

General and specific borrowing costs (including exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowing to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to interest cost) that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.

Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation. Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

Foreign exchange difference regarded as borrowing taken for non-monetary items, an adjustment to borrowing costs are presented/reported as part of non-monetary item.

3.19 Employee Benefits

Employee benefits consist of contribution to employees state insurance, provident fund, gratuity fund and compensated absences.

Post-employment benefit plans Defined Contribution plans

Contributions to defined contribution schemes such as employees’ state insurance, labour welfare fund, employee pension scheme etc. are charged as an expense based on the amount of contribution required to be made as and when services are rendered by the employees. Company’s provident fund contribution is made to a government administered fund and charged as an expense to the Statement of Profit and Loss. The above benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company has no further defined obligations beyond the monthly contributions.

Defined benefit plans

The Company operates defined benefit plan in the form of gratuity and compensated absence. The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of its defined benefit plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by actuaries using the projected unit credit method. The present value of the said obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash out flows, using market yields of government bonds that have tenure approximating the tenures of the related liability.

The interest expenses are calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The net interest expense on the net defined benefit liability or asset is recognised in the Statement of Profit and loss.

Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the Statement of Changes in Equity and in the Balance Sheet.

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in profit or loss as past service cost.

The classification of the company’s net obligation into current and non- current is as per the actuarial valuation report.

3.20 Earnings per share (EPS)

Basic EPS is computed by dividing the profit or loss attributable to the equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of Ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS is computed by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to the ordinary equity shareholders and the weighted average number of ordinary equity shares, for the effects of all dilutive potential Ordinary shares.

b) Terms/ rights attached to equity shares

The Company has one class of equity shares having a par value of ''10 per share. Each shareholder is entitled to one vote per share. All equity Shareholder are having right to get dividend in proportion to paid up value at each equity shares as and when declared. In the event of liquidation, the equity shareholders are eligible to receive the remaining assets of the company after distribution of all the preferential amounts, in proportion to their shareholding.

c) Details of shareholders holding more than 5% shares in the Company

d) The Company had allotted 1,74,20,830 equity shares at a premium of Rs, 50 per share and 4,16,375 Equity shares at a premium of Rs, 90 per share to FCCB holder during the year ended 31st March, 2018.

e) Foreign Currency Convertible Bond (FCCB) holders of US$ 18.45mn (Rs,12,000 lakhs) have an option to get their bonds converted into equity shares of the Company up to 1st October,2023.

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Mar 31, 2017

1. Company Overview

Prakash Industries Limited (the ‘’Company’’) is a public limited company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act applicable in India. It has been engaged primarily in the business of manufacture and sale of Steel Products & PVC Pipes and generation of Power. The Company has its manufacturing facilities in India and sells products in India.

2. Recent accounting pronouncement Standards issued but not yet effective

In March 2017, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs issued the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) (Amendments) Rules, 2017, notifying amendments to Ind AS 7, ‘Statement of Cash Flows’ and Ind AS 102, ‘Share-based payment.’ These amendments are in accordance with the recent amendments made by International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to IAS 7, ‘Statement of Cash Flows’ and IFRS 2, ‘Share-based payment,’ respectively. The amendments are applicable from April 1, 2017.

Amendment to Ind AS 7

The amendment to Ind AS 7 requires the entities to provide disclosures that enable users of financial statements to evaluate changes in liabilities arising from financing activities, including both changes arising from cash flows and non-cash changes, suggesting inclusion of a reconciliation between the opening and closing balances in the Balance Sheet for liabilities arising from financing activities, to meet the disclosure requirement.

The effect on the financial statements is being evaluated by the Company.

Amendment to Ind AS 102

The amendment to Ind AS 102 provides specific guidance to measurement of cash-settled awards, modification of cash- settled awards and awards that include a net settlement feature in respect of withholding taxes.

It clarifies that the fair value of cash-settled awards is determined on a basis consistent with that used for equity-settled awards. Market-based performance conditions and non-vesting conditions are reflected in the ‘fair values’, but non-market performance conditions and service vesting conditions are reflected in the estimate of the number of awards expected to vest. Also, the amendment clarifies that if the terms and conditions of a cash-settled share-based payment transaction are modified with the result that it becomes an equity-settled share-based payment transaction, the transaction is accounted for as such from the date of the modification. Further, the amendment requires the award that include a net settlement feature in respect of withholding taxes to be treated as equity-settled in its entirety. The cash payment to the tax authority is treated as if it was part of an equity settlement.

The requirements of the amendment have no impact on the financial statements as the standard is not applicable to the Company.

3. Significant Accounting policies

3.1 Statement of Compliance

These financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 (“Ind AS”). The Company has prepared its financial statements up to the year ended 31st March, 2016 in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the India, including accounting standards read with Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 notified under Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (“Previous GAAP”). These are the Company’s first Ind AS financial statements. The date of transition to Ind AS is 1st April, 2015. Refer note 4 below for the details of first time adoption exemptions availed by the Company.

3.2 Basis of preparation

These financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘the Act’) read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, and presentation requirements of Schedule III to the Act under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair value.

Accounting policies have been consistently applied except where a newly issued accounting standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.

3.3 Critical accounting judgments and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with the Ind AS requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and disclosures as at date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of the revenues and expenses for the years presented. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

Critical Judgments In the process of applying the Company’s accounting policies, management has made the following judgments, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements:

Discount rate used to determine the carrying amount of the Company’s defined benefit obligation: In determining the appropriate discount rate for plans operated in India, the management considers the interest rates of government bonds in currencies consistent with the currencies of the post-employment benefit obligation.

Contingences and commitments: In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigations and other claims against the Company. Where the potential liabilities have a low probability of crystallizing or are very difficult to quantify reliably, company treat them as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not provided for in the financial statements. Although there can be no assurance regarding the final outcome of the legal proceedings, company do not expect them to have a materially adverse impact on the financial position or profitability.

Key sources of estimation uncertainty

The key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below:

Income taxes: The Company’s tax jurisdiction is India. Significant judgments are involved in determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid / recovered for uncertain tax positions.

Useful lives of property, plant and equipment: As described in Note 3.8, the Company reviews the estimated useful lives and residual values of property, plant and equipment at the end of each reporting period. During the current financial year, the management determined that there were no changes to the useful lives and residual values of the property, plant and equipment.

Allowances for doubtful debts: The Company makes allowances for doubtful debts based on an assessment of the recoverability of trade and other receivables. The identification of doubtful debts requires use of judgment and estimates.

3.4 Operating Cycle and Current versus non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification in accordance with Part-I of Division- II of Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013.

An asset is treated as current when it (a) Expected to be realized or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle; (b) Held primarily for the purpose of trading; or (c) Expected to be realized within twelve months after the reporting period, or (d) The asset is cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is current when (a) It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle; or (b) It is held primarily for the purpose of trading; or (c) It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or (d) There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. Terms of a liability that could, at the option of the counterparty, results in its settlement by the issue of equity instruments do not affect its classification. The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its normal operating cycle.

3.5 Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is being made. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment inclusive of excise duty and net of returns, trade allowances, rebates, taxes and amounts collected on behalf of third parties and government.

Sale of Goods Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized when the goods are delivered and titles have passed, at which time all the following conditions are satisfied:

- the Company has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods;

- the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold ;

- the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

- it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company; and the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

Interest income Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable.

Dividends Dividend income from investments is recognized when the Company’s right to receive the payment is established, which is generally when shareholders approve the dividend.

3.6 Segment Reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, in deciding how to allocate resources and assessing performance. Thus, the Company’s business falls under three operational segments i.e. Steel Products, PVC pipe and Power.

Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis have been included under “unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities.

3.7 Foreign Currencies

Functional currency: The functional currency of the Company is the Indian rupee.

Transactions and translations: Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign-currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated into the relevant functional currency at exchange rates in effect at the Balance Sheet date. The gains or losses resulting from such translations are included in net profit in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at fair value are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at historical cost are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date of the transaction.

Transaction gains or losses realized upon settlement of foreign currency transactions are included in determining net profit for the period in which the transaction is settled. Revenue, expense and cash flow items denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the relevant functional currencies using the exchange rate in effect on the date of the transaction.

3.8 Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment (PPE) are initially recognized at cost. The initial cost of PPE comprises its purchase price, including non-refundable duties and taxes net of any trade discounts and rebates. The cost of PPE includes interest on borrowings (borrowing cost) directly attributable to acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets subsequent to initial recognition, PPE are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation (other than freehold land, which are stated at cost) and impairment losses, if any.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognized when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets. However, when there is no reasonable certainty that ownership will be obtained by the end of the lease term, assets are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and useful lives.

Depreciation is recognized so as to write off the cost of assets (other than freehold land and capital work in progress) less their residual values over the useful lives, using the straight- line method (“SLM”) in the manner prescribed in Schedule II of the Act. Management believes based on a technical evaluation (which is based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support, etc.) that the useful lives of the assets as considered by the company reflect the periods over which these assets are expected to be used.

The carrying values of property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

The residual values, useful life and depreciation method are reviewed at each financial year-end to ensure that the amount, method and period of depreciation are consistent with previous estimates and the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits embodied in the items of property, plant and equipment.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognized in profit or loss. Fully depreciated assets still in use are retained in financial statements.

3.9 Capital work-in-progress and intangible assets under development

Capital work-in-progress/intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost.

3.10 Intangible assets

Intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

An intangible asset is derecognized on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses on derecognition are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in profit or loss within other gains/(losses).

The Company amortizes intangible assets with a finite useful life using the straight-line method over the of useful lives determined by the terms of the agreement /contract. The estimated useful life is reviewed annually by the management.

3.11 Investment in joint ventures

Investments in joint venture are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses, if any. Where an indication of impairment exists, the carrying amount of the investment is assessed and written down immediately to its recoverable amount. On disposal of investments in joint venture, the difference between net disposal proceeds and the carrying amounts are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

3.12 Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current tax: Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis.

Deferred tax: Deferred income tax is recognized using the Balance Sheet approach. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.

Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that either future taxable profits or reversal of deferred tax liabilities will be available, against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized. The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset is reviewed at the end of each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilized.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred tax asset is realized or the deferred tax liability is settled. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority.

3.13 Leases

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. Leases where a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases.

Operating Lease: Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term except where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from leased assets are consumed. The aggregate benefit of incentives (excluding in inflationary increases where rentals are structured solely to increase in line with the expected general inflation to compensate for the lessor’s inflationary cost increases, such increases are recognized in the year in which the benefits accrue) provided by the lessor is recognized as a reduction of rental expense over the lease term on a straight-line basis.

Finance Lease: Assets held under finance leases are initially recognized as assets of the Company at their fair value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the Balance Sheet as a finance lease obligation. Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets or, where shorter, the term of the relevant lease. Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance expenses are recognized immediately in profit or loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case they are capitalized in accordance with the Company’s general policy on borrowing costs. Contingent rentals are recognized as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.

3.14 Impairment of assets

Financial assets : The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its financial assets. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognized from initial recognition of the receivables.

PPE and intangibles assets: Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets with finite life are evaluated for recoverability whenever there is any indication that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount (i.e. higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the cash-generating unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or CGU) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or CGU) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

3.15 Cash and cash equivalents

For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

3.16 Provisions and Contingent Liabilities:

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted to reflect its present value using a current pre-tax rate that reflects the current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as a finance cost.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

3.17 Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost on FIFO basis and net realizable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including octroi and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, excise duty. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

3.18 Non-derivative financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial assets and liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value measured on initial recognition of financial asset or financial liability.

a. Financial assets - Subsequent measurement

Financial assets at amortized cost: Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI): Financial assets are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows that give rise on specified dates to solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding and by selling financial assets.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL): Financial assets are measured at fair value through profit or loss unless it is measured at amortized cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income on initial recognition. The transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are immediately recognized in profit or loss.

b. Financial liabilities - Subsequent measurement

Financial liabilities are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Loans and borrowings: After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost on accrual basis.

Composite financial Instrument: The fair value of the liability portion of an optionally convertible bond is determined using a market interest rate for an equivalent non-convertible bond. This amount is recorded as a liability on an amortized cost basis until extinguished on conversion or redemption of the bonds. The remainder of the proceeds is attributable to the equity portion of the compound instrument. This is recognized and included in shareholders’ equity.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expires.

c. Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are set and the net amount is reported in financial statements if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

3.19 Borrowing costs

General and specific borrowing costs (including exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowing to the extent that they are regarged as an adjustment to interest cost) that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalized during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.

Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalization. Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

3.20 Employee Benefits

Employee benefits consist of contribution to employees state insuance,provident fund, gratuity fund and compensated absences.

Post-employment benefit plans Defined Contribution plans

Contributions to defined contribution schemes such as employees’ state insurance, labour welfare fund, employee pension scheme etc. are charged as an expense based on the amount of contribution required to be made as and when services are rendered by the employees. Company’s provident fund contribution is made to a government administered fund and charged as an expense to the Statement of Profit and Loss. The above benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company has no further defined obligations beyond the monthly contributions.

Defined benefit plans

The Company operates defined benefit plan in the form of gratuity and compensated absence. The liability or asset recognized in the balance sheet in respect of its defined benefit plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by actuaries using the projected unit credit method. The present value of the said obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash out flows, using market yields of government bonds that have tenure approximating the tenures of the related liability.

The interest expense are calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The net interest expense on the net defined benefit liability or asset is recognized in the Statement of Profit and loss.

Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognized in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the Statement of Changes in Equity and in the Balance Sheet.

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognized immediately in profit or loss as past service cost.

The classification of the company’s net obligation into current and non- current is as per the actuarial valuation report.

3.21 Earnings per share (EPS)

Basic EPS is computed by dividing the profit or loss attributable to the equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of Ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS is computed by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to the ordinary equity shareholders and the weighted average number of ordinary equity shares, for the effects of all dilutive potential Ordinary shares.

4. Explanation of transition to Ind AS

As stated in Note 2, the Company’s financial statements for the year ended 31st March, 2017 are the first annual financial statements prepared by the Company in order to comply with Ind AS. The adoption of Ind AS was carried out in accordance with Ind AS 101, using 1st April, 2015 as the transition date. The transition was carried out from Previous GAAP (based on the AS framework) to Ind AS. The effect of adopting Ind AS has been summarized in the reconciliations provided below.

Ind AS 101 generally requires full retrospective application of the Standards in force at the first reporting date. However, Ind AS 101 allows certain exemptions in the application of particular Standards to prior periods in order to assist companies with the transition process.

Reconciliations The accounting policies as stated above in Note 3 have been applied in preparing the financial statements for the year ended 31st March, 2017, the financial statements for the year ending 31st March, 2016 and the preparation of an opening Ind AS statement of financial position as at 1st April, 2015. In preparing its opening Ind AS Balance Sheet and Statement of Profit and Loss for the year ended 31st March, 2016, the Company has adjusted amounts reported in financial statements prepared in accordance with Previous GAAP

An explanation of how the transition from Previous GAAP to Ind AS has affected the Company’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows is set out in the following tables:

*Deferred tax liability is adjusted against Securities Premium reserve in terms of a court order (note 40).

iii. Explanation of material adjustments to Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended 31st March, 2016:

The transition from Previous GAAP to Ind AS has no material impact on the Statement of Cash Flows except on account of re-classification of certain items of Assets and Liabilities.

iv. Exemptions availed on first time adoption of Ind AS 101:

On first time adoption of Ind AS, Ind AS 101 allows certain exemptions from the retrospective application of certain requirements under Ind AS. The Company has availed the following exemptions:

a. The Company has opted to continue with the carrying values measured under the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost for investment in joint ventures on the date of transition to Ind AS.

b. The Company has opted to continue with the accounting for exchange differences arising on long-term foreign currency monetary items, outstanding as on the transition date, as per previous GAAP. Exchange differences arising on long-term foreign currency monetary items related to acquisition of a fixed asset or capital work in progress, as the case may be, are capitalized.

vii. Notes to the Reconciliations

(a) Property, plant and equipment

The Company did not opt deemed cost exemption as per Ind AS 101 ‘First time Adoption of Indian Accounting Standard.’ The Company has applied the Ind AS 16, Property, Plant and Equipment (PPE) as if the same has always been applied i.e. with retrospective effect and accordingly, the carrying value for all of its property, plant and equipment as recognized in the financial statements has been measured as per the historical cost determined in accordance with Ind AS 16 instead of revalued amount of certain items of property, plant and equipment as per previous GAAP.

(b) Finance Lease Assets

As per Ind As17-Leases, the Company has recognized finance lease assets at their fair value and corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the Balance Sheet as a finance lease obligation and provided depreciation on some assets as per the policy.

(c) Bank Deposit with maturity more than 12 months

As per provisions of Schedule-III of the Act, Bank deposits with more than 12 months maturity are re-grouped as non-current other financial assets.

(d) Non-Current Tax Assets

Advance Tax Assets not adjustable against the current tax liability have been regrouped and presented as non current tax assets.

(e) Defined Benefits Obligations

Under Ind AS, actuarial gains and losses are recognized in the OCI as compared to being recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss under the previous GAAP.

(f) Equity component of compounding instrument - Foreign currency convertible bonds

The fair value of the liability portion of an optionally convertible bond is determined using a market interest rate for an equivalent non-convertible bond. This amount is recorded as a liability on an amortized cost basis until extinguished on conversion or redemption of the bonds. The remainder of the proceeds is attributable to the equity portion of the compound instrument. This is recognized and included in shareholders’ equity.

(g) Revenue from Sale of Goods

Under Previous GAAP, revenue was recognized net of trade discounts, rebates, sales taxes and excise duties. Under Ind AS, revenue is recognized at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, after deduction of any trade discounts, volume rebates and any taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government such as sales tax and value added tax except excise duty.

(h) Excise Duty

Under Previous GAAP, excise duty was netted off against sale of goods. However, under Ind AS, excise duty is included in the value of sale of goods and is shown as expense in the face of Statement of Profit and Loss.

(i) Other Comprehensive Income

Under the previous GAAP, the Company has not presented OCI separately. Hence, it has reconciled previous GAAP profit or loss to profit or loss as per Ind AS. Further, previous GAAP profit or loss is reconciled to total comprehensive income as per Ind AS.

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Mar 31, 2015

The financial statements have been prepared to comply with the Accounting Standard referred to in section 133 and the relevent provision of the Companies Act, 2013. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the historical cost convention and generally accepted accounting principles. A summary of the important accounting policies, which have been followed consistently is set out below :

(a) Basis of Accounting

i) Accrual method of accounting is followed with regard to income and expenses.

ii) Sales are inclusive of excise duty and exclusive of sales tax/value added tax, returns and trade discounts.

iii) Raw material consumption is net of sale and the profit / loss on sale is charged to the consumption account.

iv) Insurance claims, duty drawback on exports and other claims and refunds have been accounted for where there is reasonable certainty with regard to the ultimate collection.

(b) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements requires the management of the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent liabilities as on the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The differences between actuals and estimates are recognized in the periods in which the results are known/materialize.

(c) Classification of Assets and Liabilities as Current and Non Current

All the assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non current as per the Company's normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in schedule III to the Companies Act,2013.

(d) Fixed Assets

i) Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at Cost which is net of Cenvat/Tax Credit, inclusive of freight, duties, taxes and other incidental expenses relating to acquisition and installation except certain revalued assets which are stated at revalued amount less accumulated depreciation.

ii) Expenditure incurred during the period of construction are carried forward as Capital-Work in Progress and on completion, the costs are allocated to the respective Fixed Assets.

iii) Preoperative expenditure comprising of revenue expenses incurred in connection with project implementation during the period upto commencement of commercial production are treated as part of project costs and are capitalized. Such expenses are capitalized only if the project to which they relate involve substantial expansion of capacity or upgradation.

iv) In order to reflect the book value of the fixed assets of the Company to conform to the present replacement cost, Plant & Machinery of certain divisions as on 31st March, 2005 have been revalued by an approved valuer using the standard indices and accordingly amount has been transfered to Revaluation Reserve.

(e) Depreciation

i) Depreciation on tangible fixed assets is provided on straight line method at the rates and in the manner specified in the schedule II of the Companies Act,2013 in accordance with the provisions of section 123(2) of the Companies Act, 2013.

ii) Depreciation on Plant & Machinery of certain divisions which were revalued as on 31st March, 2005 has been provided on straight line method at rates based on the useful life as certified by valuer.

iii) Depreciation on the incremental amount added to the cost of fixed assets on Revaluation is being adjusted against the Revaluation reserve on the basis of estimated remaining useful life of the assets.

(f) Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and net of impairments, if any. An intangible asset is recognized if it is probable that the expected future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the Company and its cost can be measured reliably. Mine development cost is amortized on a straight line basis over a period of 10 years.

(g) Inventory

Raw Materials and Stores & spares are valued at lower of cost, computed on FIFO basis, and net realisable value. Finished goods & work in process are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value and scrap & waste at estimated realisable value. Cost of raw materials and Stores & spares includes transport and handling costs and are net of cenvat/vat credits wherever applicable. The cost of finished goods includes materials, labour and related factory overheads including depreciation. Excise duty is included in finished goods valuation, where applicable.The material in transit are valued at cost.

(h) Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign Currency Transactions are recorded in the accounts at the rates existing at the time of transaction and any exchange difference arising at the time of realisation is dealt within the Profit & Loss Account. Outstanding Foreign Currency monetary items are translated at the year end rates. The amount of Exchange rate difference debited to Capital work in progress during the year is Rs. 1,742 lacs ( Rs. 4,403 lacs).

(i) Investments

Investments that are readily realizable and are intended to be held for not more than one year at the point of acquistion are classified as "Current Investment". All other investments are classified as "Non-current Investment". Current Investments are stated at lower of cost and fair value. Any reduction in the carrying amount and any reversal of such reduction are charged or credited to the Profit and Loss Account. Long term Investments are stated at cost. Provision is made to recognize a decline, other than temporary, in the value of such investments.

(j) Employee Benefits

In respect of Defined Contributions Scheme, Contribution to Provident Fund & Family Pension and Employee State Insurance Scheme are charged to the Profit & Loss account as incurred.

In respect of Defined Benefit Schemes, the post retirement benefits such as gratuity, leave encashment and other retirement benefits are accounted for, based on valuations, as at the Balance Sheet date, made by an independent Actuary. Actuarial gains/losses are charged to Profit & Loss Account and are not deferred.

(k) Borrowing Costs

The borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset which necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use are capitalised on that asset. Other borrowing costs are charged to revenue account. The amount of borrowing cost charged to Capital work in progress during the year is Rs. 3,503 lacs (Rs. 4,290 lacs)

(l) Segment Reporting Policies

Revenue and expenses are identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operative activities of the segment. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, are included under "Unallocable Expenditure/Income".

(m) Earnings Per Share (EPS)

Basic earning per share is computed by dividing net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity share holders by weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The Diluted earning per share is calculated on the same basis as Basic Earning per share, after adjusting for the effects of potential dilutive equity shares.

(n) Taxes on Income

i) Tax expense for the year comprise of current and deferred tax. Current Tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities, using the applicable tax rates and tax laws. The Company has opted for tax exemption under section 80-I in respect of profits of Power and PVC divisions as per the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The amount of exempted profit considered by the Company while making provision for its tax liability is subject to assessment by the concerned tax authorities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for future tax consequences attributable to the timing differences between the taxable profit and the profit as per the accounts. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets are not recognised unless in the opinion of the management there is virtual certainity that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rate is recognised in the year of change. Deferred tax assets/liabilities are reviewed at each balance sheet date. Pursuant to the approval of the shareholders and Hon'ble Punjab & Haryana High Court's order dated 23rd August 2007, Deferred tax liabilities are being adjusted in Securities Premium Account. The taxable income of the Company being lower than the book as per the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961, the Company is liable to pay Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) on its income.

ii) Considering the future profitability and taxable position in the subsequent years, the Company has recognized Minimum Alternate Tax(MAT) credit as an asset by crediting the Profit & Loss Account and including the same under Loans & Advances in accordance with the Guidance note on "Accounting for credit available in respect of Minimum Alternate Tax under Income Tax Act 1961" issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.

(o) Impairment Of Assets

When there is an indication that an asset is impaired, the recoverable amount is estimated and the impairment is recognised to the extent carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount.

(p) Provisions and Contingencies

Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources. Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the notes. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statement.

(q) Prior Period and Extraordinary Items

Prior period and extraordinary items and change in accounting policies, having a material impact on the financial affairs of the company are disclosed, wherever required .

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Mar 31, 2014

(a) Basis of Accounting

i) Accrual method of accounting is followed with regard to income and expenses.

ii) Sales are inclusive of excise duty and exclusive of sales tax/value added tax, returns and trade discounts.

iii) Raw material consumption is net of sale and the profit / loss on sale is charged to the consumption account.

iv) Insurance claims, duty drawback on exports and other claims and refunds have been accounted for where there is reasonable certainty with regard to the ultimate collection.

(b) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements requires the management of the company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent liabilities as on the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The differences between actuals and estimates are recognized in the periods in which the results are known/materialize.

(c) Fixed Assets

i) Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at Cost which is net of Cenvat/Tax Credit, inclusive of freight, duties, taxes and other incidental expenses relating to acquisition and installation except certain revalued assets which are stated at revalued amount less accumulated depreciation.

ii) Expenditure incurred during the period of construction are carried forward as Capital-Work in Progress and on completion, the costs are allocated to the respective Fixed Assets.

iii) Preoperative expenditure comprising of revenue expenses incurred in connection with project implementation during the period upto commencement of commercial production are treated as part of project costs and are capitalized. Such expenses are capitalized only if the project to which they relate involve substantial expansion of capacity or upgradation.

iv) In order to reflect the book value of the fixed assets of the Company to conform to the present replacement cost, Plant & Machinery of certain divisions as on 31st March, 2005 have been revalued by an approved valuer using the standard indices and accordingly amount has been transfered to Revaluation Reserve.

(d) Depreciation

i) Depreciation on tangible fixed assets is provided for at the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 on Straight Line method.

ii) Depreciation on Plant & Machinery of certain divisions which were revalued as on 31st March, 2005 has been provided on straight line method at rates based on the useful life as certified by valuer.

iii) Depreciation on the incremental amount added to the cost of fixed assets on Revaluation is being adjusted against the Revaluation reserve on the basis of estimated remaining useful life of the assets.

(e) Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and net of impairments, if any. An intangible asset is recognized if it is probable that the expected future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the company and its cost can be measured reliably. Mine development cost is amortized on a straight line basis over a period of 10 years.

(f) Inventory

Raw Materials and Stores & spares are valued at lower of cost, computed on FIFO basis, and net realisable value. Finished goods & work in process are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value and scrap & waste at estimated realisable value. Cost of raw materials and Stores & spares includes transport and handling costs and are net of cenvat/vat credits wherever applicable. The cost of finished goods includes materials, labour and related factory overheads including depreciation. Excise duty is included in finished goods valuation, where applicable. The material in transit are valued at cost.

(g) Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign Currency Transactions are recorded in the accounts at the rates existing at the time of transaction and any exchange difference arising at the time of realisation is dealt within the Profit & Loss Account. Outstanding Foreign Currency monetary items are translated at the year end rates. The amount of Exchange rate difference debited to Capital work in progress during the year is Rs 4,403 lacs (Rs. 2,492 lacs).

(h) Investments

Current Investments are stated at lower of cost and fair value. Any reduction in the carrying amount and any reversal of such reduction are charged or credited to the Profit and Loss Account. Long term Investments are stated at cost. Provision is made to recognize a decline, other than temporary, in the value of such investments.

(i) Employee Benefits

In respect of Defined Contributions Scheme, Contribution to Provident Fund & Family Pension and Employee State Insurance Scheme are charged to the Profit & Loss account as incurred.

In respect of Defined Benefit Schemes, the post retirement benefits such as gratuity, leave encashment and other retirement benefits are accounted for, based on valuations, as at the Balance Sheet date, made by an independent Actuary. Actuarial gains/losses are charged to Profit & Loss Account and are not deferred.

(j) Borrowing Costs

The borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset which necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use are capitalised on that asset. Other borrowing costs are charged to revenue account. The amount of borrowing cost charged to Capital work in progress during the year is Rs 4,290 lacs (Rs. 7,518 lacs)

(k) Segment Reporting Policies

Revenue and expenses are identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operative activities of the segment. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, are included under "Unallocable Expenditure/Income".

(l) Earnings Per Share (EPS)

Basic earning per share is computed by dividing net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity share holders by weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The Diluted earning per share is calculated on the same basis as Basic Earning per share, after adjusting for the effects of potential dilutive equity shares.

(m) Taxes on Income

i) Tax expense for the year comprise of current and deferred tax. Current Tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities, using the applicable tax rates and tax laws. The Company has opted for tax exemption under section 80-I in respect of profits of Power and PVC divisions as per the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The amount of exempted profit considered by the Company while making provision for its tax liability is subject to assessment by the concerned tax authorities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for future tax consequences attributable to the timing differences between the taxable profit and the profit as per the accounts. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets are not recognised unless in the opinion of the management there is virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rate is recognised in the year of change. Deferred tax assets/liabilities are reviewed at each balance sheet date. Pursuant to the approval of the shareholders and Hon’ble Punjab & Haryana High Court’s order dated 23rd August 2007, Deferred tax liabilities are being adjusted in Securities Premium Account. The taxable income of the Company being lower than the book as per the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961, the Company is liable to pay Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) on its income.

ii) Considering the future profitability and taxable position in the subsequent years, the Company has recognized Minimum Alternate Tax(MAT) credit as an asset by crediting the Profit & Loss Account and including the same under Loans & Advances in accordance with the Guidance note on “Accounting for credit available in respect of Minimum Alternate Tax under Income Tax Act 1961" issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.

(n) Impairment Of Assets

When there is an indication that an asset is impaired, the recoverable amount is estimated and the impairment is recognised to the extent carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount.

(o) Provisions and Contingencies

Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources. Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the notes. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statement.

(p) Prior Period and Extraordinary Items

Prior period and extraordinary items and change in accounting policies, having a material impact on the financial affairs of the company are disclosed, wherever required.

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Mar 31, 2013

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the historical cost convention and generally accepted accounting principles. A summary of the important accounting policies, which have been followed consistently is set out below :

(a) Basis of Accounting

i) Accrual method of accounting is followed with regard to income and expenses.

ii) Sales are inclusive of excise duty and exclusive of sales tax/value added tax, returns and trade discounts.

iii) Raw material consumption is net of sale and the profit / loss on sale is charged to the consumption account. Consumption quantities exclude materials used as fuels/sales and disposals. iv) Insurance claims, duty drawback on exports and other claims and refunds have been accounted for where there is reasonable

certainty with regard to the ultimate collection.

(b) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements requires the management of the company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent liabilities as on the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The differences between actuals and estimates are recognized in the periods in which the results are known/materialize.

(c) Fixed Assets

i) Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at Cost which is net of Cenvat/Tax Credit, inclusive of freight, duties, taxes and other incidental expenses relating to acquisition and installation except certain revalued assets which are stated at revalued amount less accumulated depreciation. ii) Expenditure incurred during the period of construction are carried forward as Capital-Work in Progress and on completion, the costs are allocated to the respective Fixed Assets. iii) Preoperative expenditure comprising of revenue expenses incurred in connection with project implementation during the period upto commencement of commercial production are treated as part of project costs and are capitalized. Such expenses are capitalized only if the project to which they relate involve substantial expansion of capacity or upgradation. iv) In order to reflect the book value of the fixed assets of the Company to conform to the present replacement cost, Plant &

Machinery of certain divisions as on 31st March, 2005 have been revalued by an approved valuer using the standard indices and accordingly amount has been transfered to Revaluation Reserve.

(d) Depreciation

i) Depreciation on tangible fixed assets is provided for at the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 on Straight Line method. ii) Depreciation on Plant & Machinery of certain divisions which were revalued as on 31st March, 2005 has been provided on straight line method at rates based on the useful life as certified by valuer. iii) Depreciation on the incremental amount added to the cost of fixed assets on Revaluation is being adjusted against the Revaluation reserve on the basis of estimated remaining useful life of the assets.

(e) Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and net of impairments, if any. An intangible asset is recognized if it is probable that the expected future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the company and its cost can be measured reliably. Mine development cost is amortized on a straight line basis over a period of 10 years.

(f) Inventory

Raw Materials and Stores & spares are valued at lower of cost, computed on FIFO basis, and net realisable value. Finished goods & work in process are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value and scrap & waste at estimated realisable value. Cost of raw materials and Stores & spares includes transport and handling costs and are net of cenvat/vat credits wherever applicable. The cost of finished goods includes materials, labour and related factory overheads including depreciation. Excise duty is included in finished goods valuation, where applicable.The material in transit are valued at cost.

(g) Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign Currency Transactions are recorded in the accounts at the rates existing at the time of transaction and any exchange difference arising at the time of realisation is dealt within the Profit & Loss Account. Outstanding Foreign Currency monetary items are translated at the year end rates. The amount of Exchange rate difference debited to Capital work in progress during the year is Rs.''2,492 lacs (Rs. 4,686 tecs).

(h) Investments

Current Investments are stated at lower of cost and fair value. Any reduction in the carrying amount and any reversal of such reduction are charged or credited to the Profit and Loss Account. Long term Investments are stated at cost. Provision is made to recognize a decline, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. (i) Employee Benefits In respect of Defined Contributions Scheme, Contribution to Provident Fund & Family Pension and Employee State Insurance Scheme are charged to the Profit & Loss account as incurred. In respect of Defined Benefit Schemes, the post retirement benefits such as gratuity, leave encashment and other retirement benefits are accounted for, based on valuations, as at the Balance Sheet date, made by an independent Actuary. Actuarial gains/losses are charged to Profit & Loss Account and are not deferred.

(j) Borrowing Costs

The borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset which necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use are capitalised on that asset. Other( borrowing costs are charged to revenue account. The amount of borrowing cost charged to Capital work in progress during the year is Rs. 7,518 iacs (Rs. 7.536 lacs) (k) Segment Reporting Policies Revenue and expenses are identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operative activities of the segment Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, are included under "Unallocable Expenditure/Income".

(I) Earnings Per Share (EPS)

Basic earning per share is computed by dividing net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity share holders by weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The Diluted earning per share is calculated on the same basis as Basic Earning per share, after adjusting for the effects of potential dilutive equity shares. (m) Taxes on Income

i) Payment of Advance Income Tax for the financial year 2012-13, amounting to Rs. 3,030 Lacs, as required under the provision of income Tax Act, 1961, has been made by the Company.

ii) Tax expense for the year comprise of current and deferred tax. Current Tax is measured at the amount expected to be paic to the tax authorities, using the applicable tax rates and tax laws. The Company has opted for tax exemption under section 80-! in respect of profits cf Power and PVC divisions as per the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The amount of exempted profit considered by the Company while making provision for its tax liability is subject to assessment by the concerned tan authorities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for future fax consequences attributable to the timing differences between the taxable profit and the profit as per the accounts. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets are not. recognised unless in the opinion of the management there is virtual cerfainity that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rate is recognised in the year of change. Deferred tax assets/liabilities are reviewed at each balance sheet date. Pursuant to the approval of the shareholders and Hon''ble Punjab & Haryana High Court''s order dated 23rd August 2007, Deferred tax liabilities are being adjusted in Securities Premium Account. The taxable income of the Company being lower than the book as per the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961, the Company is liable to pay Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) on its income.

iii) Considering the future profitability and taxable position in the subsequent years, the Company has recognized Minimum Alternate Tax(MAT) credit as an asset by crediting the Profit & Loss Account and including the same under Loans & Advances in accordance with the Guidance note on "Accounting for credit available in respect of Minimum Alternate Tax under Income Tax Act 1961" issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. (n) Impairment Of Assets

When there is an indication that an asset is impaired, the recoverable amount is estimated and the impairment is recognised to the extent carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. (o) Provisions and Contingencies Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources. Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the notes. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statement. (p) Prior Period and Extraordinary Items Prior period and extraordinary items and change in accounting policies, having a material impact on the financial affairs of the company are disclosed, wherever required .

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Mar 31, 2012

(a) Basis of Accounting

i) Accrual method of accounting is followed with regard to income and expenses.

ii) Sales are inclusive of excise duty and exclusive of sales tax/value added tax, returns and trade discounts.

iii) Raw material consumption is net of sale and the profit / loss on sale is charged to the consumption account. Consumption quantities exclude materials used as fuels/sales and disposals.

iv) Insurance claims, duty drawback on exports and other claims and refunds have been accounted for where there is reasonable certainty with regard to the ultimate collection.

(b) Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements requires the management of the company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent liabilities as on the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The differences between actuals and estimates are recognized in the periods in which the results are known/materialize.

(c) Fixed Assets

i) Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at Cost which is net of Cenvat/Tax Credit, inclusive of freight, duties, taxes and other incidental expenses relating to acquisition and installation except certain revalued assets which are stated at revalued amount less accumulated depreciation.

ii) Expenditure incurred during the period of construction are carried forward as Capital-Work in Progress and on completion, the costs are allocated to the respective Fixed Assets.

iii) Preoperative expenditure comprising of revenue expenses incurred in connection with project implementation during the period upto commencement of commercial production are treated as part of project costs and are capitalized. Such expenses are capitalized only if the project to which they relate involve substantial expansion of capacity or upgradation.

iv) In order to reflect the book value of the fixed assets of the Company to conform to the present replacement cost, Plant & Machinery of certain divisions as on 31st March, 2005 have been revalued by an approved valuer using the standard indices and accordingly amount has been transfered to Revaluation Reserve.

(d) Depreciation

i) Depreciation on tangible fixed assets is provided for at the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 on Straight Line method.

ii) Depreciation on Plant & Machinery of certain divisions which were revalued as on 31st March, 2005 has been provided on straight line method at rates based on the useful life as certified by valuer.

iii) Depreciation on the incremental amount added to the cost of fixed assets on Revaluation is being adjusted against the Revaluation reserve on the basis of estimated remaining useful life of the assets.

(e) Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and net of impairments, if any. An intangible asset is recognized if it is probable that the expected future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the company and its cost can be measured reliably. Mine development cost is amortized on a straight line basis over a period of 10 years.

(f) Inventory

Raw Materials and Stores & spares are valued at lower of cost, computed on FIFO basis, and net relisable value. Finished goods & work in process are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value and scrap & waste at estimated realisable value. Cost of raw materials and Stores & spares includes transport and handling costs and are net of cenvat/vat credits wherever applicable. The cost of finished goods includes materials, labour and related factory overheads including depreciation. Excise duty is included in finished goods valuation, where applicable.The material in transit are valued at cost.

(g) Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign Currency Transactions are recorded in the accounts at the rates existing at the time of transaction and any exchange difference arising at the time of realisation is dealt within the Profit & Loss Account. Outstanding Foreign Currency monetary items are translated at the year end rates. The amount of Exchange rate difference debited to Capital work in progress during the year is Rs. 4,686 lacs (Previous year credited Rs. 281 lacs).

(h) Investments

Current Investments are stated at lower of cost and fair value. Any reduction in the carrying amount and any reversal of such reduction are charged or credited to the Profit and Loss Account. Long term Investments are stated at cost. Provision is made to recognize a decline, other than temporary, in the value of such investments.

(i) Employee Benefits

In respect of Defined Contributions Scheme, Contribution to Provident Fund & Family Pension and Employee State Insurance Scheme are charged to the Profit & Loss account as incurred.

In respect of Defined Benefit Schemes, the post retirement benefits such as gratuity, leave encashment and other retirement benefits are accounted for, based on valuations, as at the Balance Sheet date, made by an independent Actuary. Actuarial gains/losses are charged to Profit & Loss Account and are not deferred.

(j) Borrowing Costs

The borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset which necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use are capitalised on that asset. Other borrowing costs are charged to revenue account. The amount of borrowing cost charged to Capital work in progress during the year is Rs. 7,536 lacs (Rs. 3,328 lacs)

(k) Segment Reporting Policies

Revenue and expenses are identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operative activities of the segment. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, are included under “Unallocable Expenditure/Income”.

(l) Earnings Per Share (EPS)

Basic earning per share is computed by dividing net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity share holders by weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The Diluted earning per share is calculated on the same basis as Basic Earning per share, after adjusting for the effects of potential dilutive equity shares.

(m) Taxes on Income

i) Tax expense for the year comprise of current and deferred tax. Current Tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities, using the applicable tax rates and tax laws. The Company has opted for tax exemption under section 80-I in respect of profits of Power and PVC divisions as per the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The amount of exempted profit considered by the Company while making provision for its tax liability is subject to assessment by the concerned tax authorities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for future tax consequences attributable to the timing differences between the taxable profit and the profit as per the accounts. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets are not recognised unless in the opinion of the management there is virtual certainity that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rate is recognised in the year of change. Deferred tax assets/liabilities are reviewed at each balance sheet date. Pursuant to the approval of the shareholders and Hon'ble Punjab & Haryana High Court's order dated 23rd August 2007 Deferred tax liabilities are being adjusted in Securities Premium Account. The taxable income of the Company being lower than the book profits under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961, the Company is liable to pay Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) on its income.

ii) Considering the future profitability and taxable position in the subsequent years, the Company has recognized Minimum Alternate Tax(MAT) credit as an asset by crediting the Profit & Loss Account and including the same under Loans & Advances in accordance with the Guidance note on “Accounting for credit available in respect of Minimum Alternate Tax under Income Tax Act 1961” issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.

(n) Impairment Of Assets

When there is an indication that an asset is impaired, the recoverable amount is estimated and the impairment is recognised to the extent carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount.

(o) Provisions and Contingencies

Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources. Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the notes. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statement.

(p) Prior Period and Extraordinary Items

Prior period and extraordinary items and change in accounting policies, having a material impact on the financial affairs of the company are disclosed, wherever required .

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Mar 31, 2011

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the historical cost convention and generally accepted accounting principles. A summary of the important accounting policies, which have been followed consistently is set out below :

(a) Basis of Accounting

i) Accrual method of accounting is followed with regard to income and expenses.

ii) Sales are inclusive of excise duty and exclusive of sales tax/value added tax, returns and trade discounts.

iii) Raw material consumption is net of sale and the profit / loss on sale is charged to the consumption account. Consumption quantities exclude materials used as fuels/sales and disposals.

iv) Insurance claims, duty drawback on exports and other claims and refunds have been accounted for where there is reasonable certainty with regard to the ultimate collection.

(b) Fixed Assets

i) Fixed Assets are stated at Cost which is net of Cenvat/Tax Credit, inclusive of freight, duties, taxes and other incidental expenses relating to acquisition and installation except certain revalued assets which are stated at revalued amount less accumulated depreciation.

ii) Expenditure incurred during the period of construction are carried forward as Capital-Work in Progress and on completion, the costs are allocated to the respective Fixed Assets.

iii) Preoperative expenditure comprising of revenue expenses incurred in connection with project implementation during the period upto commencement of commercial production are treated as part of project costs and are capitalized. Such expenses are capitalized only if the project to which they relate involve substantial expansion of capacity or upgradation.

iv) In order to reflect the book value of the fixed assets of the Company to conform to the present replacement cost, Plant & Machinery of certain divisions as on 31st March, 2005 have been revalued by an approved valuer using the standard indices and accordingly amount has been transfered to Revaluation Reserve.

(c) Depreciation

i) Depreciation is provided for at the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 on Straight Line method.

ii) Depreciation on Plant & Machinery of certain divisions which were revalued as on 31st March, 2005 has been provided on straight line method at rates based on the useful life as certified by valuer.

iii) Depreciation on the incremental amount added to the cost of fixed assets on Revaluation is being adjusted against the Revaluation reserve on the basis of estimated remaining useful life of the assets.

(d) Inventory

Raw Materials and Stores & spares are valued at lower of cost, computed on FIFO basis, and net relisable value. Finished goods & work in process are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value and scrap & waste at estimated realisable value. Cost of raw materials and Stores & spares includes transport and handling costs and are net of cenvat/vat credits wherever applicable. The cost of finished goods includes materials, labour and related factory overheads including depreciation. Excise duty is included in finished goods valuation, where applicable.The material in transit are valued at cost.

(e) Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign Currency Transactions are recorded in the accounts at the rates existing at the time of transaction and any exchange difference arising at the time of realisation is dealt within the Profit & Loss Account. Outstanding Foreign Currency monetary items are translated at the year end rates. The amount of Exchange rate difference credited to Capital work in progress during the year is Rs 280.50 lacs (Rs 22.06 lacs).

(f) Investments

Current Investments are stated at lower of cost and fair value. Any reduction in the carrying amount and any reversal of such reduction are charged or credited to the Profit and Loss Account. Long term Investments are stated at cost. Provision is made to recognize a decline, other than temporary, in the value of such investments.

(g) Employee Benefits

In respect of Defined Contributions Scheme, Contribution to Provident Fund & Family Pension and Employee State Insurance Scheme are charged to the Profit & Loss account as incurred.

In respect of Defined Benefit Schemes, the post retirement benefits such as gratuity, leave encashment and other retirement benefits are accounted for, based on valuations, as at the Balance Sheet date, made by an independent Actuary. Actuarial gains/losses are charged to Profit & Loss Account and are not deferred.

(h) Borrowing Costs

The borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised on that asset. Other borrowing costs are charged to revenue account. The amount of borrowing cost charged to Capital work in progress during the year is Rs 3,327.79 lacs (Rs 443.95 lacs)

(i) Miscellaneous Expenditure

Expenditure incurred on development of a Coal mine is being written off over a period of 10 years.

(j) Segment Reporting Policies

Revenue and expenses are identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operative activities of the segment. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, are included under “Unallocable Expenditure/Income”.

(k) Earnings Per Share (EPS)

Basic earning per share is computed by dividing net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity share holders by weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The Diluted earning per share is calculated on the same basis as Basic Earning per share, after adjusting for the effects of potential dilutive equity shares.

(l) Taxes on Income

i) Tax expense for the year comprise of current and deferred tax. Current Tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities, using the applicable tax rates and tax laws. The Company has opted for tax exemption under section 80-I in respect of profits of Power and PVC divisions as per the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The amount of exempted profit considered by the Company while making provision for its tax liability is subject to assessment by the concerned tax authorities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for future tax consequences attributable to the timing differences between the taxable profit and the profit as per the accounts. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets are not recognised unless in the opinion of the management there is virtual certainity that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rate is recognised in the year of change. Deferred tax assets/liabilities are reviewed at each balance sheet date. Pursuant to the approval of the shareholders and Hon'ble Punjab & Haryana High Court's order dated 23rd August 2007 Deferred tax liabilities (net) from the year 2007-08 and onwards are being met from Securities Premium Account. The taxable income of the Company being lower than the book profits under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961, the Company is liable to pay Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) on its income. As per the legal opinion obtained by the Company and various court judgements, due date for submission of return has been considered as due date for payment of MAT by the Company.

ii) Considering the future profitability and taxable position in the subsequent years, the Company has recognized Minimum Alternate Tax(MAT) credit as an asset by crediting the Profit & Loss Account and including the same under Loans & Advances in accordance with the Guidance note on “Accounting for credit available in respect of Minimum Alternate Tax under Income Tax Act 1961” issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.

(m) Impairment Of Assets

When there is an indication that an asset is impaired, the recoverable amount is estimated and the impairment is recognised to the extent carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount.

(n) Provisions and Contingencies

Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources. Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the notes. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statement.

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Mar 31, 2010

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the historical cost convention and generally accepted accounting principles. A summary of the important accounting policies, which have been followed consistently is set out below :

(a) Basis of Accounting

i) Accrual method of accounting is followed with regard to income and expenses.

ii) Sales are inclusive of excise duty, export benefits and realised exchange fluctuations but exclusive of sales tax, returns and trade discounts.

iii) Raw material consumption is net of sale and the profit / loss on sale is charged to the consumption account. Consumption quantities exclude materials used as fuels/sales and disposals.

iv) Insurance claims, duty drawback on exports and other claims and refunds have been accounted for where there is reasonable certainty with regard to the ultimate collection.

(b) Fixed Assets

i) Fixed Assets are stated at Cost which is net of Cenvat/Tax Credit, inclusive of freight, duties, taxes and other incidental expenses relating to acquisition and installation except certain revalued assets which are stated at revalued amount less accumulated depreciation.

ii) Expenditure incurred during the period of construction are carried forward as Capital-Work in Progress and on completion, the costs are allocated to the respective Fixed Assets.

iii) Preoperative expenditure comprising of revenue expenses incurred in connection with project implementation during the period upto commencement of commercial production are treated as part of project costs and are capitalized. Such expenses are capitalized only if the project to which they relate involve substantial expansion of capacity or upgradation.

iv) In order to reflect the book value of the fixed assets of the Company to conform to the present replacement cost, Plant & Machinery of certain divisions as on 31st March, 2005 have been revalued by an approved valuer using the standard indices and accordingly amount has been transfered to Revaluation Reserve.

(c) Depreciation

i) Depreciation is provided for at the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 on Straight Line method.

ii) Depreciation on Plant & Machinery of certain divisions which were revalued as on 31st March, 2005 has been provided on straight line method at rates based on the useful life as certified by valuers.

iii) Depreciation on the incremental amount added to the cost of fixed assets on Revaluation is being adjusted against the Revaluation reserve on the basis of estimated remaining useful life of the assets.

(d) Inventory

Raw Materials and Stores & spares are valued at lower of cost, computed on FIFO basis, and net relisable value. Finished goods & work in process are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value and scrap & waste at estimated realisable value. Cost of raw materials and Stores & spares includes transport and handling costs and are net of cenvat/vat credits wherever applicable. The cost of finished goods includes materials, labour and related factory overheads including depreciation. Excise duty is included in finished goods valuation, where applicable.

(e) Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign Currency Transactions are recorded in the accounts at the rates existing at the time of transaction and any exchange difference arising at the time of realisation is dealt within the Profit & Loss Account.

(f) Investments

Current Investments are stated at lower of cost and fair value. Any reduction in the carrying amount and any reversal of such reduction are charged or credited to the Profit and Loss Account. Long term Investments are stated at cost. Provision is made to recognize a decline, other than temporary, in the value of such investments.

(g) Employee Benefits

In respect of Defined Contributions Scheme, Contribution to Provident Fund & Family Pension and Employee State Insurance Scheme are charged to the Profit & Loss account as incurred.

In respect of Defined Benefit Schemes, the post retirement benefits such as gratuity, leave encashment and other retirement benefits are accounted for, based on valuations, as at the Balance Sheet date, made by an independent Actuary. Actuarial gains/losses are charged to Profit & Loss Account and are not deferred.

(h) Borrowing Costs

The borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised on that asset. Other borrowing costs are charged to revenue account. The amount of borrowing cost capitalised during the year is Rs 443.95 lacs (Nil)

(i) Miscellaneous Expenditure

Expenditure incurred on development of a Coal mine is being written off over a period of 10 years.

(j) Segment Reporting Policies

Revenue and expenses are identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operative activities of the segment. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and arp not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, are included under "Unallocable Expenditure/Income".

(k) Earnings Per Share (EPS)

The earnings considered in ascertaining the companys EPS comprises the Net Profit or Loss for the period after tax. The basic EPS is computed on the basis of weighted average of number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS is computed using the weighted average number of equity and dilutive equity equivalent shares outstanding during the year except where the results would be anti-dilutive. The dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable, had the shares been actually issued at fair value. Dilutive potential equity shares are deemed converted as of the beginning of the year, unless they have been issued at a later date.

(l) Taxes on Income

i) Tax expense for the year comprise of current and deferred tax. Current taxes are measured in accordance with the prevailing provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for future tax consequences attributable to the timing differences that result between taxable profit and the profit as per the financial statements. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognised on unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses under tax laws to the extent there is virtual certainity that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rate is recognised in the year of change. Deferred tax assets/liabilities are reviewed at each balance sheet date and written down or written up to reflect the amount that is reasonably/ virtually certain as the case may be, to be realised. Pursuant to the approval of the shareholders and Honble Punjab & Haryana High Courts order dated 23rd August 2007 Deferred tax liabilities (net) from the year 2007-08 and onwards are being met frorn Securities Premium Account. The taxable income of the Company being lower than the book profits under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961, the Company is liable to pay Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) on its income. As per the legal opinion obtained by the Company and various court judgements, due date for submission of return has been considered as due date for payment of MAT. The Company, based on a legal opinion, is treating the profits derived from its power generation business as exempt from MAT, while filing its tax returns. However as a prudent accounting policy, MAT is being provided on such profits also in the books of account.

ii) Considering the future profitability and taxable position in the subsequent years, the Company has recognized Minimum Alternate Tax(MAT) credit as an asset by crediting the Profit & Loss Account and including the same under Loans & Advances in accordance with the Guidance note on "Accounting for credit available in respect of Minimum Alternate Tax under Income Tax Act 1961" issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.

(m) Impairment Of Assets

When there is an indication that an asset is impaired, the recoverable amount is estimated and the impairment is recognised to the extent carrying amount exceeds recoverable amount.

(n) Provisions and Contingencies

Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources. Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the notes. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statement.