Accounting Policies of Star Ferro and Cement Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2016

1. CORPORATE INFORMATION

Star Ferro and Cement Limited (the Company) is a public Company domiciled in India and incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. Its shares are listed on National Stock Exchange (NSE) and Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) in India. The Company is holding investments in its subsidiaries which are engaged in manufacture of Cement, Cement Clinker and generation of Power.

1.1 Basis of Preparation

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in India (Indian GAAP). The Company has prepared these financial statements to comply in all material respects with the Accounting Standards as prescribed under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013, to the extent notified. The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention on accrual basis and on the basis of going concern. The accounting policies are consistently followed by the Company and changes in accounting policy are separately disclosed.

1.2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(i) Revenue Recognition

(a) Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured.

(b) Dividend income is recognized when the shareholders'' right to receive the payment is established.

(c) Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and rate applicable.

(ii) Fixed Assets

Fixed Assets are stated at their cost of acquisition or construction less accumulated depreciation/amortization and impairment loss, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price, installation and attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

(iii) Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are recognized when it is probable that the future economic benefit that are attributable to the assets will flow to the Company and the cost of the assets can be measured reliably. The amortizable amount of an intangible asset is allocated over its estimated useful life.

(iv) Impairment of Assets

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date to determine if there is any indication of impairment based on external/internal factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount which represents the greater of the net selling price and ''Value in use'' of the assets. In assessing the value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and risks specific to the asset.

(v) Depreciation

Depreciation on fixed assets is provided under Written Down Value (WDV) method in accordance with the provisions of Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 and considering the useful lives for computing depreciation specified in Part ''C'', thereof. Depreciation is provided on components that have homogenous useful lives by using the WDV method so as to depreciate the initial cost down to the residual value over the estimated useful lives. Useful lives, components and residual amounts are reviewed annually. In respect of an asset for which impairment loss is recognized, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the assets over its remaining useful life.

(vi) Investments

Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than a year are classified as Current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments. Current investments are carried at lower of cost and market/ fair value on individual investment basis. Long Term Investments are considered at cost, unless there is an "other than temporary" decline in value, in which case adequate provision is made for the diminution in the value of Investments.

(vii) Retirement and other employee benefits

(a) Retirement benefit in the form of Provident Fund is a defined contribution scheme and is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year when the contributions to the respective funds are due. The Company has no obligations other than the contribution payable to the respective funds.

(b) Gratuity liability, being a defined benefit obligation, is provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method made at the end of each Financial Year.

(c) Short term compensated absences are provided for based on estimates. Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial valuation which is done as per projected unit credit method at the end of each Financial Year.

(d) Actuarial gains / losses are immediately taken to the statement of profit and loss and are not deferred.

(viii) Earnings per Share

Basic Earnings per Share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders (after deductible preference dividend and attributable taxes) by the weighted number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effect of all dilutive potential equity shares.

(ix) Taxation

Tax expenses comprises of current and deferred tax. Current income tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Indian Income Tax Act, 1961. Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of current year timing differences between taxable income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years.

The deferred tax for timing differences between the book and tax profits for the year is accounted for using the tax rates and laws that have been substantively enacted as of the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax asset and deferred tax liabilities relate to the taxes on income levied by same governing taxation laws. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized. If the Company has carry forward unabsorbed depreciation and tax losses, deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that sufficient taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax asset can be realized.

The carrying amounts of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date. The Company writes-down the carrying amount of deferred tax assets to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax assets can be realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognized as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. In the year in which the Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit becomes eligible to be recognized as an asset in accordance with the recommendation contained in guidance note issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the said assets is created by way of a credit to the Statement of Profit and Loss and shown as MAT credit entitlement. The Company reviews the carrying amount of MAT at each Balance Sheet date and writes down MAT credit entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal income-tax during specified period.

(x) Cash and Cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of Cash Flow Statement comprise cash in hand, demand deposits with Banks and other short-term highly liquid investments / deposits with an original maturity of three months or less.

(xi) Provision

A provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions made in terms of Accounting Standard 29 are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on best estimates required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

(xii) Contingent Liabilities

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statements.

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Mar 31, 2015

(i) Revenue Recognition

(a) Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the company and the revenue can be reliably measured.

(b) Dividend income is recognised when the shareholders' right to receive the payment is established.

(c) Interest income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and rate applicable.

(ii) Fixed Assets

Fixed Assets are stated at their cost of acquisition or construction less accumulated depreciation/amortisation and impairment loss, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price, installation and attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

(iii) Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are recognised when it is probable that the future economic benefit that are attributable to the assets will flow to the Company and the cost of the assets can be measured reliably. The amortisable amount of an intangible asset is allocated over its estimated useful life.

(iv) Impairment of Assets

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date to determine if there is any indication of impairment based on external/internal factors. An impairment loss is recognised wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount which represents the greater of the net selling price and 'Value in use' of the assets. In assessing the value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and risks specific to the asset.

(v) Depreciation

Depreciation on fixed assets is provided under Written Down Value method in accordance with the provisions of Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 and considering the useful lives for computing depreciation specified in Part 'C, thereof. In respect of an asset for which impairment loss is recognised, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the assets over its remaining useful life.

(vi) Investments

Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than a year are classified as Current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments. Current investments are carried at lower of cost and market/fair value on individual investment basis. Long-term investments are considered at cost, unless there is an "other than temporary" decline in value, in which case adequate provision is made for the diminution in the value of Investments.

(vii) Retirement and other employee benefits

(a) Retirement benefit in the form of Provident Fund is a defined contribution scheme and is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year when the contributions to the respective funds are due. The Company has no obligations other than the contribution payable to the respective funds.

(b) Gratuity liability, being a defined benefit obligation, is provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method made at the end of each financial year.

(c) Short term compensated absences are provided for based on estimates. Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial valuation which is done as per projected unit credit method at the end of each financial year.

(d) Actuarial gains / losses are immediately taken to the statement of profit and loss and are not deferred.

(viii) Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders (after deductible preference dividend and attributable taxes) by the weighted number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity share holders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effect of all dilutive potential equity shares.

(ix) Taxation

Tax expenses comprises of current and deferred tax. Current income tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Indian Income Tax Act, 1961. Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of current year timing differences between taxable income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years.

The deferred tax for timing differences between the book and tax profits for the year is accounted for using the tax rates and laws that have been substantively enacted as of the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to the taxes on income levied by same governing taxation laws. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. If the company has carry forward unabsorbed depreciation and tax losses, deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that sufficient taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax asset can be realised.

The carrying amounts of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date. The company writes-down the carrying amount of deferred tax assets to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realised. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. In the year in which the Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit becomes eligible to be recognised as an asset in accordance with the recommendation contained in guidance note issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the said assets is created by way of a credit to the statement of profit and loss and shown as MAT credit entitlement. The company reviews the carrying amount of MAT at each Balance Sheet date and writes down MAT credit entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that the company will pay normal income-tax during specified period.

(x) Cash and Cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of Cash Flow Statement comprise cash in hand, demand deposits with Banks and other short-term highly liquid investments/deposits with an original maturity of three months or less.

(xi) Provision

A provision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions made in terms of Accounting Standard 29 are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on best estimates required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

(xii) Contingent Liabilities

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognised because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognised because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognise a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements. Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed in the financial statements.

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Mar 31, 2014

(i) Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from these estimates.

(ii) Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured.

(a) Revenue from sale of goods and services rendered is recognized upon passage of title which generally coincides with delivery of materials and rendering of services to the customers. The Company collects central sales taxes and value added taxes (VAT) on behalf of the government and, therefore, these are not economic benefits flowing to the Company, hence excluded from revenues. Sales include excise duty and are net of rebates, trade discounts and returns.

(b) Dividend Income is recognized when the shareholders'' right to receive the payment is established by the balance sheet date.

(c) Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and rate applicable.

(iii) Fixed Assets

Fixed Assets are stated at cost or revalued amount, as the case may be, less accumulated depreciation / amortisation and impairment, if any, except freehold land which is carried at cost. Cost comprises the purchase price inclusive of duties (net of Cenvat / VAT), taxes, incidental expenses and erection / commissioning expenses etc. up to the date, the asset is ready for its intended use. In case of revaluation of fixed assets, the original cost as written-up by the value, is considered in the accounts and the differential amount is transferred to revaluation reserve.

Machinery spares which can be used only in connection with an item of fixed assets and whose use as per technical assessment is expected to be irregular are capitalized and depreciated over the residual life of the respective assets.

(iv) Capital Work in Progress

Capital work in Progress is carried at cost comprising direct cost and pre-operative expenses during construction period to be allocated to the fixed assets on the completion of construction.

(v) Expenditure during construction period

In case of new projects and substantial expenses of existing factories, expenditure incurred including trial production expenses net of revenue earned, and attributable interest and financing cost, prior to commencement of commercial production are capitalized.

(vi) Impairment of Assets

The carrying amount of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date to determine if there is any indication of impairment based on external/ internal factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount which represents the greater of the net selling price and ''Value in use'' of the assets. In assessing the value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and risks specific to the asset.

(vii) Depreciation / Amortization

(a) The classification of plant and machinery into continuous and non-continuous process is done as per technical certification and depreciation thereon is provided accordingly.

(b) Depreciation on fixed assets is provided under written down value method at the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 or at rates determined based on useful lives of the respective assets, as estimated by the management, whichever is higher.

(c) Depreciation on fixed assets added / disposed off during the year is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the date of addition / disposal.

(d) Intangible assets are amortized over a period of 5 years.

(e) In case of impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the assets over its remaining useful life.

(viii) Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the rate prevailing on the dates of the transactions and exchange differences are dealt within the Statement of Profit and Loss. Monetary foreign currency assets and liabilities are translated at the year end exchange rates. All exchange differences are dealt within the Statement of Profit and Loss, except to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost and the resultant balance to the new projects, till the date of the capitalization, are carried to pre-operative expenses. Profit/Loss arising out of cancellation of forward contracts is taken to revenue in the year of cancellation.

(ix) Investments

Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than a year are classified as Current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments. Current investments are carried at lower of cost and market value on individual investment basis. Long Term Investments are considered at cost, unless there is an "other than temporary" decline in value, in which case adequate provision is made for the diminution in the value of Investments.

(x) Inventories

Raw Materials, stores and spares are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. However, these items are considered to be realizable at cost if the finished products, in which they will be used, are expected to be sold at or above cost.

Work in progress and finished goods are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost includes direct materials & labour and a part of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating capacity. Cost of finished goods includes excise duty.

Cost of Inventories is computed on weighted average/ FIFO basis.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

(xi) Government Grants and subsidies

Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the grant/subsidy will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with.

When the grant or subsidy relates to an expense item, it is recognized as income over the periods necessary to match them on a systematic basis to the costs, which it is intended to compensate.

When the grant or subsidy relates to an asset, it is deducted from the gross value of the asset concerned in arriving at the carrying amount of related asset.

Government grants of the nature of promoter''s contribution are credited to capital reserve and treated as a part of the shareholders'' funds.

(xii) Retirement and other employee benefits

(a) Retirement benefit in the form of Provident Fund is a defined contribution scheme and is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year when the contributions to the respective funds are due. The Company has no obligations other than the contribution payable to the respective funds.

(b) Gratuity liability, being a defined benefit obligation, is provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method made at the end of each financial year.

(c) Short term compensated absences are provided for based on estimates. Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial valuation which is done as per projected unit credit method at the end of each financial year.

(d) Actuarial gains / losses are immediately taken to the statement of profit and loss and are not deferred.

(xiii) Earning per Share

Basic Earnings per Share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders (after deductible preference dividend

and attributable taxes) by the weighted number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity share holders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effect of all dilutive potential equity shares.

(xiv) Excise Duty and Custom Duty

Excise duty on finished goods stock lying at the factories is accounted for at the point of manufacture of goods and accordingly, is considered for valuation of finished goods stock lying in the factories as on the balance sheet date. Similarly, custom duty on imported material in transit/lying in bonded warehouse is accounted for at the time of import/ bonding of materials.

(xv) Borrowing Costs

Borrowing costs includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangements of borrowings and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.

Borrowing cost directly attributable to the acquisition, construction of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective assets. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur.

(xvi) Taxation

Tax expenses comprises of current and deferred tax. Current income tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Indian Income Tax Act, 1961. Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of current year timing differences between taxable income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years.

The deferred tax for timing differences between the book and tax profits for the year is accounted for using the tax rates and laws that have been substantively enacted as of the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to the taxes on income levied by same governing taxation laws. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent

that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized. If the Company has carry forward unabsorbed depreciation and tax losses, deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that sufficient taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax asset can be realized.

The carrying amounts of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date. The Company writes-down the carrying amount of deferred tax assets to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognized as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. In the year in which the Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit becomes eligible to be recognized as an asset in accordance with the recommendation contained in guidance note issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the said assets is created by way of a credit to the statement of profit and loss and shown as MAT credit entitlement. The Company reviews the carrying amount of MAT at each Balance Sheet date and writes down MAT credit entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal income-tax during specified period.

(xvii) Segment Reporting

a) Identification of segments:

The Company has identified that its business segments are the primary segments. The Company''s business are organized and managed separately according to the nature of products/services, with each segment representing a strategic business unit that offers different product / services and serves different markets. The analysis of geographical segments is based on the areas in which major operating divisions of the Company operate.

b) Inter segment transfers:

The Company generally accounts for intersegment sales and transfers at cost.

c) Allocation of Common Costs:

Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment on case to case basis applying the ratio, appropriate to each relevant case. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segment on a reasonable basis, have been included under the head "Unallocated".

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with those of the Company''s accounting policies.

( x v i i i ) Cash and Cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of Cash Flow Statement comprise cash in hand, demand deposits with Banks and other short-term highly liquid investments/deposits with an original maturity of three months or less.

(xix) Provision

A provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be

required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions made in terms of Accounting Standard 29 are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on best estimates required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

(xx) Contingent Liabilities

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.

b) Terms/Rights attached to the Equity Shares & Notes

The Company has only one class of equity shares having par value of Rs.1/- per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share.

The Company declares and pays dividend in Indian rupees. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting except in case of interim dividend.

In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the Company, after distribution of all preferential amounts. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.

c) Terms of issue of shares other than cash

Pursuant to the Scheme of Arrangement ("the scheme") between Century Plyboards (India) Limited (CPIL), the Company and their respective shareholders as approved by the Hon''ble High Court at Kolkata vide its order dated 17th May, 2013 the Company has issued and alloted 22,21,72,990 Equity Shares to the shareholders of CPIL in ratio of 1 (one) Equity share of Rs.1/- each of the Company as fully paid-up for every 1 (one) Equity Share of Rs.1/- each held by them in CPIL.

Notes:-

a) Rupee Term Loan from Financial institution is secured by equitable mortgage of leasehold rights of land and first charge on fixed assets of the Company''s Ferro Alloy Plant at Byrnihat, Meghalaya and second charge on current assets of the said unit. The Loan is to be repaid in further 25 quarterly instalments.

b) Hire Purchase Finance is secured by hypothecation of respective vehicle/asset and is repayable within three to four years having varying date of payment.

Notes:- 1. Working Capital facility from a bank is secured by first charge on the current assets and second charge on the fixed assets of the Company''s Ferro Alloy Plant at Byrnihat, Meghalaya.

Further, the working capital facilities are also guaranteed by some of the directors of the Company and is repayable on demand. 2. Short Term Loans from bodies corporate and related parties are repayable on demand.

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Mar 31, 2013

(i) Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ from these estimates.

(ii) Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the company and the revenue can be reliably measured.

(a) Revenue from sale of goods and services rendered is recognized upon passage of title which generally coincides with delivery of materials and rendering of services to the customers. The Company collects Sales Taxes and Value Added Taxes (VAT) on behalf of the government and, therefore, these are not economic benefits flowing to the Company.

Hence, they are excluded from revenues. Excise Duty deducted from revenue (Gross) is the amount that is included in the revenue (Gross) and not the entire amount of liability arising during the year.

Sales figures are net of rebates, trade discounts and returns.

(b) Dividend Income is recognized when the shareholders'' right to receive the payment is established by the Balance Sheet date.

(c) Interest Income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and rate applicable.

(iii) Fixed Assets

Fixed Assets are stated at cost or revalued amount, as the case may be, less accumulated depreciation / amortisation and impairment, if any, except freehold land which is carried at cost. Cost comprises the purchase price inclusive of duties (net of Cenvat / VAT), taxes, incidental expenses and erection / commissioning expenses etc. up to the date, the asset is ready for its intended use. In case of revaluation of fixed assets, the original cost as written-up by the valuer, is considered in the accounts and the differential amount is transferred to revaluation reserve.

Machinery spares which can be used only in connection with an item of fixed assets and whose use as per technical assessment is expected to be irregular are capitalised and depreciated over the residual life of the respective assets.

(iv) Capital Work-in-Progress

Capital Work-in-Progress is carried at cost comprising direct cost and pre-operative expenses during construction period to be allocated to the fixed assets on the completion of construction.

(v) Expenditure during construction period

In case of new projects and substantial expenses of existing factories, expenditure incurred including trial production expenses net of revenue earned, and attributable interest and financing cost, prior to commencement of commercial production are capitalised.

(vi) Impairment of Assets

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date to determine if there is any indication of impairment based on external/internal factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount which represents the greater of the net selling price and Value in Use'' of the assets. In assessing the value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and risks specific to the asset.

(Vii)Depreciation/Amortization

(a) The classification of plant and machinery into continuous and non-continuous process is done as per technical certification and depreciation thereon is provided accordingly.

(b) Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided under Written Down Value method at the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956, or at rates determined based on useful lives of the respective assets, as estimated by the management, whichever is higher.

(c) Depreciation on Fixed Assets added / disposed of during the year is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the date of addition/disposal.

(d) Intangible Assets are amortized over a period of 5 years.

(e) In case of impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the assets over its remaining useful life.

(viii) Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign Currency Transactions are recorded at the rate prevailing on the dates of the transactions and exchange differences are dealt within the Statement of Profit & Loss. Monetary foreign currency assets and liabilities are translated at the year end exchange rates. All exchange differences are dealt within the Statement of Profit & Loss except to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost and the resultant balance to the new projects, till the date of the capitalization, are carried to pre-operative expenses. Profit/Loss arising out of cancellation of forward contracts is taken to revenue in the year of cancellation.

(ix) Investments

Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than a year are classified as Current Investments. All other investments are classified as long- term investments. Current Investments are carried at lower of cost and market value on individual investment basis. Long Term Investments are considered at cost, unless there is an "other than temporary" decline in value, in which case adequate provision is made for the diminution in the value of Investments.

(x) Inventories

Raw Materials, Stores and Spares are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. However, these items are considered to be realizable at cost if the finished products, in which they will be used, are expected to be sold at or above cost.

Work in Progress and Finished Goods are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost includes direct materials & labour and a part of manufacturing overheads based on normal operating capacity. Cost of finished goods includes excise duty.

Cost of Inventories is computed on Weighted Average/ FIFO basis.

Net Realizable Value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

(xi) Government Grants and Subsidies

Grants and Subsidies from the government are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the grant/subsidy will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with.

When the Grant or Subsidy relates to an expense item, it is recognized as income over the periods necessary to match them on a systematic basis to the costs, which it is intended to compensate.

When the Grant or Subsidy relates to an asset, it is deducted from the gross value of the asset concerned in arriving at the carrying amount of related asset.

Government grants of the nature of promoter''s contribution are credited to capital reserve and treated as a part of the shareholders''funds.

(xii) Retirement and other employee benefits

(a) Retirement benefit in the form of Provident Fund is a defined contribution scheme and is charged to the Statement of Profit & Loss of the year when the contributions to the respective funds are due. The Company has no obligations other than the contribution payable to the respective funds.

(b) Gratuity Liability, being a defined benefit obligation, is provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation on projected unit credit method made at the end of each financial year.

(c) Short term compensated absences are provided for based on estimates. Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial valuation which is done as per projected unit credit method at the end of each financial year.

(d) Actuarial gains / losses are immediately taken to the Statement of Profit & Loss and are not deferred.

(xiii) Earning per Share

Basic Earning per Share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders (after deductible preference dividend and attributable taxes) by the weighted number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earning pershare, net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity share holders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effect of all dilutive potential equity shares.

(xiv) Excise Duty and Custom Duty

Excise Duty on finished goods stock lying at the factories is accounted for at the point of manufacture of goods and accordingly, is considered for valuation of finished goods stock lying in the factories as on the balance sheet date. Similarly, Custom Duty on imported material in transit/lying in bonded warehouse is accounted for at the time of import/ bonding of materials.

(xv) Borrowing Costs

Borrowing Costs includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangements of borrowings and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.

Borrowing Cost directly attributable to the acquisition, construction of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective assets. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur.

(xvi) Taxation

Tax expenses comprises of Current and Deferred Tax. Current Income Tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Indian Income Tax Act, 1961. Deferred Income Taxes reflect the impact of current year timing differences between taxable income for the year and reversal of timing differences of earlier years.

The Deferred Tax for timing differences between the book and tax profits for the year is accounted for using the tax rates and laws that have been substantively enacted as of the Balance Sheet date. Deferred Tax Assets and Deferred Tax Liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to the taxes on income levied by same governing taxation

laws. Deferred Tax Assets are recognized only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized. If the company has carryforward unabsorbed depreciation and tax losses, deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that sufficient taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax asset can be realized.

The carrying amounts of Deferred Tax Assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date. The company writes-down the carrying amount of deferred tax assets to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realized. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognized as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. In the year in which the Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit becomes eligible to be reco- gnized as an asset in accordance with the recommendation contained in guidance note issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the said assets is created by way of a credit to the Statement of Profit & Loss and shown as MAT credit entitlement. The company reviews the carrying amount of MAT at each Balance Sheet date and writes down MAT credit entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that the company will pay normal income-tax during specified period.

(xvii) Segment Reporting

a) Identification of segments:

The company has identified that its business segments are the primary segments. The Company''s business are organized and managed separately according to the nature of products/services, with each segment representing a strategic business unit that offers different product / services and serves different markets. The analysis of geographical segments is based on the areas in which major operating divisions of the company operate.

b) Inter segment transfers:

The Company generally accounts for inter-segment sales and transfers at current market prices.

c) Allocation of Common Costs:

Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment on case to case basis applying the ratio, appropriate to each relevant case. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segment on a reasonable basis, have been included under the head "Unallocated".

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with those of the Company''s accounting policies.

(xviii) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents in the cash flow statement comprise of cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less.

(xix) Provision

A provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions made in terms of Accounting Standard 29 are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on best estimates required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

(xx) Contingent Liabilities

A Contingent Liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A Contingent Liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.

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Mar 31, 2012

A Accounting Concepts: .

The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention on accrual & going concern basis and in accordance with the applicable mandatory Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006

b Revenue Recognition

expenditure are recognized on accrual basis. Interest income is recognized on time proportionate basis. Where quantum of accruals can not be ascertained with reasonable certainty, they are accounted for on acceptance basis

c FixBd Assets''

Fixed Assets are stated at their cost of acquisition or construction less accumiMed depreciation/amortisation and impairment loss, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price, installation and attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

d iSb¥7Sfs are recognized when it is probable that the future economic benefit that are attributable to the assets will flow to the Company and the cost of the assets can be ™asured reliably. The amortisable amount of an intangible asset is allocated over its estimated useful life.

6 rSrSSofon Fixed Assets is charged on Written Down Value method at the rates and in the manneTprescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956. Leasehold assets are amortaed on the basis of their useful life or remaining lease period, whichever is lower.

f SSnTTnSstments are stated at lower of cost and market/fair value. Long-term investments are stated at cost after deducting provision made for permanent diminution in value.

9 p" ioTcSnt tax is made on the basis of estimated taxable income for the current accounting period and in accordance with the provisions of The Income fax Act, 1961

Deferred tax is recognized on timing differences between the accounting income and taxable income torSyear. and quantified using the tax rates and laws substantially enacted on the-Baton* Sheet Date The resulting deferred tax liability, if any is provided in the accounts but resultant defer ed tax Sets is recognized only if there is virtual certainty of realization of ^™Xet^Z^ provided in the accounts. Such assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet Date to reassess their realization.

These ere no, provided ,or andI are: discosed by way o, notes. Contingent Assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statements. amaan, of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date it there recognized impairment loss is further Provide.Aews^^nding on changes in circumstances.

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Mar 31, 2011

1. ACCOUNTING CONCEPT

The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention and in accordance with the applicable accounting standards.

2. METHOD OF ACCOUNTING

The Company books of accounts are maintained on accrual basis system of accounting.

3. NCOMEAND EXPENDITURE

Items of income and expenditure are accounted for on accrual basis.

4. TAXES ON INCOME

Current tax is determined on the amount of tax payable1 in respect of taxable income for the year In accordance with Accounting Standard 22 "Accounting For Taxes on Income" issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India deferred taxes resulting from timing differences between book and tax profits are accounted for at the current rate of tax to the extent the timing differences are expected to be crystallized.

5. CONTINGENT LIABILITY

Contingent liability is not provided for but disclosed by way of notes, wherever applicable.

6. PRELIMINARY EXPENSES

Preliminary Expenses would be amortized in the year of start of commercial activities.