Mar 31, 2018
1.1 Summary of significant accounting policies
(a) Current versus non-current classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification. An asset is treated as current when it is:
- Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle
- Held primarily for the purpose of trading
- Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is current when:
- It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle
- It is held primarily for the purpose of trading
- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period
The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current.
Based on the nature of products and the time between acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle for the purpose of current / non current classification of assets and liabilities.
b) Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment and excluding taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government.
Revenue is stated inclusive of excise duty and excludes sales tax/ value added tax (VAT)/ Goods and Service Tax (GST) The specific recognition criteria described below must also be met before revenue is recognised.
Sale of goods
Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer, usually on delivery of the goods. Revenue from the sale of goods is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of returns and allowances, trade discounts, volume rebates and cash discounts.
Interest income
The Company presently has no debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. Interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR). EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset or to the amortised cost of a financial liability. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example prepayment, extension, call and similar options) but does not consider the expected credit losses, Interest income is included in other income in the statement of profit and loss,
Dividends
Revenue is recognised when the Companyâs right to receive the payment is established, which is generally when shareholders approve the dividend,
c) Property, Plant and Equipment
Items of Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use. Such cost includes the cost of replacing part of the plant and equipment and borrowing costs for long-term construction projects if the recognition criteria are met. Subsequent expenditure related to an item of fixed asset is added to its book value only if it increases the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance. When significant parts of plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company depreciates them separately based on their specific useful lives. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in statement of profit or loss as incurred. In respect of additions to /deletions from the fixed assets, depreciation is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition/deletion of the Assets. Depreciation for the year has been provided as per the rates determined in Part C of Schedule II of the Act,
d) Investment property
Investment property is property held either to earn rental income or for capital appreciation or for both, but not for sale in the ordinary course of business, use in production or supply of goods or servcies or for adminsitrative purpose, Upon initial recognition, an investment property is measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumultaed impairment loss, if any.
Depreciation on investments in property has been provided on written down value basis in accordance with Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 by estimating the useful life as 60 years,
e) Fair value measurement
The Company measures certain financial instruments at fair value at each balance sheet date,
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:
- In the principal market for the asset or liability, or
- In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability
The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.
The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest,
A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participantâs ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use,
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:
- Level 1 â Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
- Level 2 â Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable
- Level 3 â Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable
For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period,
For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above,
This note summarises accounting policy for fair value. Other fair value related disclosures are given in the relevant notes,
Quantitative disclosures of fair value measurement hirarchy (Note 27)
Financial instruments (including those carried at amortised cost) (note 4,5,6,7,7A,8,12,26 and 27 )
f) Provisions
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the Company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed, for example, under an insurance contract, the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset, but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss net of any reimbursement,
If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost. Provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
g) Financial instruments
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
Financial assets
Initial recognition and measurement
The Company recognises financial assets in its balance sheet when it becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.
All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value,plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.
Subsequent measurement
For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in following categories:
0 Debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
0 Debt instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
0 Debt instruments measured at amortized cost 0 Financial assets measured at amortized cost
0 Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
Presently the Company has no debt instruments measured at amortized cost or FVTPL or FVTOCI Financial assets measured at amortized cost
A financial asset is measured at the amortized cost if both the following conditions are met :
a) The Companyâs business model objective for managing the financial assets is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and,
b) The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cashflow that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Equity investments
All equity investments in scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition.
If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to the statement of profit and loss, even on derecognition of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.
Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the statement of profit and loss,
De-recognition
A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a company of similar financial assets) is primarily de-recognised (i.e. removed from the Companyâs balance sheet) when:
- The contractual rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or
- The company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a âpass-throughâ arrangement and either (a) the company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset,
When the company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Companyâs continuing involvement. In that case, the company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained,
Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the company could be required to repay.
Impairment of financial assets
In accordance with Ind AS 109, the company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on the following financial assets and credit risk exposure:
a) Financial assets that are debt instruments, and are measured at amortised cost e.g., loans, debt securities, deposits, trade receivables and bank balance
b) Lease receivables under Ind AS 17
c) Trade receivables or any contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset that result from transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 18 (referred to as âcontractual revenue receivablesâ in these financial statements)
d) Financial guarantee contracts which are not measured as at FVTPL
The company follows âsimplified approachâ for recognition of impairment loss allowance on:
- Trade receivables and
- Other receivables
The application of simplified approach does not require the company to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognises impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition,
For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the entity reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL,
Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The 12-month ECL is a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date,
ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. When estimating the cash flows, an entity is required to consider:
- All contractual terms of the financial instrument (including prepayment, extension, call and similar options) over the expected life of the financial instrument. However, in rare cases when the expected life of the financial instrument cannot be estimated reliably, then the entity is required to use the remaining contractual term of the financial instrument.
- Cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms,
- Financial assets measured as at amortised cost, contractual revenue receivables and lease receivables: ECL is presented as an allowance, i.e., as an integral part of the measurement of those assets in the balance sheet. The allowance reduces the net carrying amount. Until the asset meets write-off criteria, the company does not reduce impairment allowance from the gross carrying amount,
h) Financial liabilities Initial recognition and measurement
Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, or payables, as appropriate,
All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs,
The Companyâs financial liabilities include only trade and other payables,
De-recognition
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the de-recognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Offsetting of financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the standalone balance sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously
j) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalent in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term deposits, as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts as they are considered an integral part of the Companyâs cash management.
j) Taxes
Current income tax
Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date.
Current income tax relating to items recognised outside profit or loss is recognised outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Current tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences, except:
- When the deferred tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss
- In respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint ventures, when the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future
Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised, except:
- When the deferred tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised, Unrecognised deferred tax assets are re-assessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered,
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date,
Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside profit or loss is recognised outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Deferred tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity.
Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT)
Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid as per Indian Income Tax Act, 1961 is in the nature of unused tax credit which can be carried forward and utilised when the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. Deferred tax assets on such tax credit is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the unused tax credit can be utilised in the specified future period. The net amount of tax recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority is included as part of receivables or payables in the balance sheet,
k) Earning per share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period,
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares,
l) Segment Reporting:
Based on âManagement Approachâ as defined in Ind AS 108 -Operating Segments, the Chief Operating Decision Maker evaluates the Companyâs performance and allocates the resources based on an analysis of various performance indicators by business segments. Inter segment sales and transfers are reflected at market prices,
Unallocable items includes general corporate income and expense items which are not allocated to any business segment.
Segment Policies:
The Company prepares its segment information in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for preparing and presenting the financial statements of the Company as a whole. Common allocable costs are allocated to each segment on an appropriate basis.
m) Contingent Liability and Contingent assets
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or nonâoccurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.
A contingent asset is not recognised unless it becomes virtually certain that an inflow of economic benefits will arise, When an inflow of economic benefits is probable, contingent asset are disclosed in the financial statements,
Contingent liabilities and contingent assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date,
n) Government grants and subsidies
Government grants of the nature of promotersâ contribution are credited to capital reserve and treated as a part of the shareholdersâ funds.
Government grants / subsidies in the nature of promotersâ contribution, given with reference to the total investment in an undertaking or by way of contribution towards its total capital outlay, are treated as capital reserve. Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the grant/subsidy will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with
o) Standards issued but not yet effective
In March 2018, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs issued the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2018, notifying Ind As 115 âRevenue from Contracts with Customersâ, which replaces Ind AS 11 âConstruction Contractsâ and Ind As 18 âRevenueâ. Except for the disclosure requirements, the new standard will not materially impact the Companyâs financial statements,
Amendment to Ind AS 21:
Also Appendix B to Ind AS 21, foreign currency transactions and advance consideration was notified along with the same notification which clarifies the date of the transaction for the purpose of determining the exchange rate to use on initial recognition of the related asset, expense or income, when an entity has received or paid advance consideration in a foreign currency. The company has evaluated the effect of these on the financial statements and the impact is not material. The amendments will come into force from April 1, 2018,
The Company is in the process of registering the title deed in its name for one immovable property consisting of freehold land with a carrying value of Rs. 369.74 lakhs as at March 31, 2018 (31 March 2017: Rs. 369.74 lakhs).
B. Measurement of fair value:
i) Fair value hierarchy
The fair value of investment property has been determined by external, independent valuer, having appropriate recognised professional qualifications and recent exposure in the location and category of the property being valued. The fair value measurement for investment property has been categorized as a level 2 fair value based on the inputs to the valuation technique used.
i) Valuation technique
The fair value of investment property has been determined by external, independent valuer based on the market rate existing at reporting date. Factors that are considered are mentioned below:
- Effect of rights and interest in properties including beneficial ownership and physical possession.
- Effect of size, location and devlopment of the property.
- Effect of usage of the property for the commercial with clear title.
- Effect of overall demand in the area and nature and type of construction in the immediate vincinity and consequential effect thereof on demand of premise in the area/locality
- Effect of current trends in the property market where the property is located.
d) During the year, company has opted for buyback scheme of Saket projects Limited and surrendered 20,000 of equity shares of Rs. 10 each to it.
e) Company has exercised the conversion option to convert of 6,00,000 Optionally Convertible Preference shares into equity shares of UPL Limited and in accrodance with the conversion ratio the Company got 12,738 equity shares of UPL Limited,
f) Pursuant to merger of Advanta limited into UPL Limited, company has received NIL (P.Y.2,00,000) equity shares and NIL (P.Y. 6,00,000) Optionally convertible preference shares of UPL Limited
(a) Terms/ rights attached to equity shares
The Company has only one class of equity shares having par value of Rs. 2 per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share.
In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the Company, after distribution of all preferential amounts. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.
As per records of the Company, including its register of shareholders/ members and other declarations received from shareholders regarding beneficial interest, the above shareholding represents both legal and beneficial ownerships of shares.
(e) There are 26,962 (31 March 2017 : 32,962, 1 April 2016: 34,962) underlying Equity Shares of the Company in respect of GDRâs listed on Luxembourg Stock Exchange. Every GDR is issued against 2 Equity shares.
(f) There are no shares issued for consideration other than cash during the period of five years immediately preceeding the reporting date.
Securities Premium Reserve - Where the Company issues shares at a premium, whether for cash or otherwise, a sum equal to the aggregate amount of the premium received on those shares shall be transferred to âSecurities Premium Reserveâ. The Company may issue fully paid-up bonus shares to its members out of the securities premium reserve and the Company can use this reserve for buyback of shares.
Capital reserve - The Company recognizes profit or loss on purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Companyâs own equity instruments to capital reserve and central and state subsidies for a project in backward area,
General reserve - General Reserve is created out of the profits earned by the Company by way of transfer from surplus in the statement of profit and loss. The Company can use this reserve for payment of dividend and issue of fully paid-up and not paid-up bonus shares.
Revaluation reserve - The Company had revalued itâs investment properties to recognise itâs fairvalue as on 31st March, 2011, under Previous GAAP. The revaluation was carried out based on valuation report of independent valuers and the appreciation in the value of the assets is credited to revaluation reserve.
Mar 31, 2017
1. Corporate information
Uniphos Enterprises Limited (the company) is a public company domiciled in India. Its shares are listed on two stock exchanges in India and GDRs are listed on Luxembourg Stock Exchange. The Company is engaged in the business of trading of chemicals and other products.
2. Basis of preparation
The financial statements of the company have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India (Indian GAAP). The Company has prepared these financial statements to comply in all material respects with the Accounting Standards specified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read together with Rule 7 of the companies (Accounts) Rules 2014 and the Companies (Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2016. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis except in case of Land, which is accounted based on revaluation as indicated in
2.1.b below. The accounting policies applied by the Company are consistent with those used in the previous year.
2.1 Summary of significant accounting policies
(a) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities in future periods.
(b) Tangible fixed assets
Fixed assets, are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises of purchase price, borrowing costs if capitalization criteria are met and directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for the intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price.
During the year 2010-11, the Company had revalued it''s land assets appearing in Fixed Asset note to recognize it''s fair market value as on 31st March, 2011. The revaluation is carried out based on valuation reports of independent values and the appreciation in the value of the assets is credited to Revaluation Reserve in the accounts.
(c) Depreciation on tangible fixed assets and investment property
Depreciation on fixed assets is calculated on a written down value basis on the basis of using lives estimated by the management or those prescribed under the schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013. Depreciation in respect of additions to/ deletions from the Fixed Assets, is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition/deletion of the Assets.
(d) Borrowing costs
Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur
(e) Impairment of tangible assets
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the asset''s net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and risks specific to the asset. In determining net selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.
(f) Government grants and subsidies
Government grants of the nature of promoters'' contribution are credited to capital reserve and treated as a part of the shareholders'' funds.
Government grants / subsidies in the nature of promoters'' contribution, given with reference to the total investment in an undertaking or by way of contribution towards its total capital outlay, are treated as capital reserve. Grants and subsidies from the government are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the grant/subsidy will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with.
(g) Investments Presentation and Disclosure :
Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than one year from balance sheet date are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as non-current investments.
Recognition and Measurement :
Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are recognized as current investments. All other investments are recognized as long-term investments and carried at cost of acquisition. However, the carrying amount is reduced to recognize a decline, other than temporary, in the value of long-term investments by a charge to the statement of profit and loss. Current investments are stated at lower of cost and fair value determined on individual investment basis.
On disposal of an investment, the difference between its carrying amount and net disposal proceeds is charged or credited to the statement of profit and loss.
Investment property
Investment in buildings, which is not intended to be occupied substantially for use by, or in the operations of, the Company, is classified as investment property. Investment properties are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any
Depreciation on investments in property has been provided on written down value basis in accordance with Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 by estimating the useful life as 60 years.
(h) Revenue recognition Sale of goods
Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer, usually on delivery of the goods. The Company collects sales tax and value added tax (VAT) on behalf of the government and therefore, these are not economic benefits flowing to the company. Hence, they are excluded from revenue.
Interest
Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the applicable interest rate. Interest income is included under the head "other income" in the statement of profit and loss.
Dividends
Dividend income is recognized when the company''s right to receive dividend is established by the reporting date.
(i) Foreign currency translation
Transactions in foreign currency are recorded by applying the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Monetary items denominated in foreign currency remaining unsettled at the end of the year, are translated at the closing rates, prevailing on the Balance Sheet date. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising as a result of the above are recognized as income or expense in the statement of profit and loss. Exchange difference arising on the settlement of monetary items at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognized as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise.
(j) Income Taxes
Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India and tax laws prevailing in the respective tax jurisdictions where the Company operates. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is recognized in equity and not in the statement of profit and loss.
Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of timing differences between taxable income and accounting income originating during the current year and reversal of timing differences for the earlier years. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.
(k) Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.
(l) Provisions
A provision is recognized when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
(m) Contingent liabilities
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.
(n) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of cash flow statement comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term highly liquid investments / deposits with an original maturity of three months or less.
(c) Terms/ rights attached to equity shares
The Company has only one class of equity shares having par value of ''2 per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share.
In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the Company, after distribution of all preferential amounts. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.
As per records of the Company, including its register of shareholders/ members and other declarations received from shareholders regarding beneficial interest, the above shareholding represents both legal and beneficial ownerships of shares.
(e) There are 32,962 (Previous Year : 34,962) underlying Equity Shares of the Company in respect of GDR''s listed on Luxembourg Stock Exchange. Every GDR is issued against 2 Equity shares.
Note: The Company is in the process of registering the title deed in its name for one immovable property consisting of freehold land with a carrying value of Rs, 324.57 lakhs as at March 31, 2017 (PY Rs, 324.57 lakhs).
20 Related Party Disclosure (a) Relationship :
(i) Holding company
Nerka Chemicals Private Limited (''Nerka'')
(ii) Ultimate Holding Company
Demuric Holdings Private Limited (''Demuric'')
(iii) Enterprises over which Key Management Personnel and their relatives have significant influence :
UPL Limited (''UPL'')
Uniphos International Limited (''UIL'')
(iv) Key Management Personnel and their relatives :
Mr Rajnikant D. Shroff Mrs Sandra R. Shroff Mr Jaidev R. Shroff K.M.Thacker
B.P.Chheda
21. Micro, small and medium enterprises disclosure
The identification of Micro, Small and Medium enterprises is based on the management''s knowledge of their status. The Company has not received any intimation from suppliers regarding their status under the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006.
22. Segment reporting
The income of the Company comprises of dividend and interest income and accordingly there are no reportable segments.
Note: Rate of interest charged on loan given is 12% p.a.
Investments
Details required u/s 186 have been disclosed in note 7 of the financial statements. 25. Previous Year regrouping
Previous year''s figures have been regrouped/ rearranged wherever necessary.
Mar 31, 2015
1. Corporate information
Uniphos Enterprises Limited (the Company) is a public company domiciled
in India. Its shares are listed on two stock exchanges in India and
GDRs are listed on luxembourg Stock Exchange. The Company is engaged in
the business of trading of chemicals and other products.
2. Basis of preparation
The financial statements of the company have been prepared in accordance
with the generally accepted accounting principles in India (Indian
GAAP). The Company has prepared these financial statements to comply in
all material respects with the Accounting Standards notified under
section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read together with paragraph 7
of the companies (Accounts) Rules 2014. The financial statements have
been prepared under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis
except in case of Land, which is accounted based on revaluation as
indicated in 2.1.b below. The accounting policies applied by the
Company are consistent with those used in the previous year.
(a) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP
requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of
the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the
management's best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty
about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes
requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or
liabilities in future periods.
(b) Tangible fixed assets
Fixed assets, are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and
accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises purchase
price, borrowing costs if capitalization criteria are met and directly
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
the intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in
arriving at the purchase price.
During the year 2010-11, the Company had revalued it's land assets
appearing in Fixed Asset note to recognise it's fair market value as on
31st March, 2011. The revaluation is carried out based on valuation
reports of independent valuers and the appreciation in the value of the
assets is credited to Revaluation Reserve in the accounts.
(c) Depreciation on tangible fixed assets and Investment Property
Depreciation on fixed assets is calculated on a written down value basis
on the basis of useful lives estimated by the management or those
prescribed under the schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.
Depreciation in respect of additions to/ deletions from the Fixed
Assets, is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of
addition/deletion of the Assets.
(d) Borrowing costs
Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs
incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings and exchange
differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they
are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction
or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period
of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as
part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs
are expensed in the period they occur.
(e) Impairment of tangible assets
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external
factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount
of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is
the greater of the asset's net selling price and value in use. In
assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted
to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects
current market assessments of the time value of money and risks specific
to the asset. In determining net selling price, recent market
transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such
transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.
(f) Government grants and subsidies
Government grants of the nature of promoters' contribution are credited
to capital reserve and treated as a part of the shareholders' funds.
Government grants / subsidies in the nature of promoters' contribution,
given with reference to the total investment in an undertaking or by
way of contribution towards its total capital outlay, are treated as
capital reserve. Grants and subsidies from the government are
recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the grant/subsidy
will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with.
(g) Investments
Presentation and Disclosure :
Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for
not more than one year from balance sheet date are classified as current
investments. All other investments are classified as non-current
investments.
Recognition and Measurement :
Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for
not more than one year from the date on which such investments are
made, are recognised as current investments. All other investments are
recognised as long-term investments and carried at cost of acquisition.
However, the carrying amount is reduced to recognise a decline, other
than temporary, in the value of long-term investments by a charge to
the statement of Profit and loss. Current investments are stated at
lower of cost and fair value determined on individual investment basis.
On disposal of an investment, the difference between its carrying
amount and net disposal proceeds is charged or credited to the
statement of Profit and loss.
Investment property
Investment in buildings, which is not intended to be occupied
substantially for use by, or in the operations of, the Company, is
classified as investment property. Investment properties are stated at
cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment
losses, if any.
Depreciation on investments in property has been provided on written
down value basis in accordance with Schedule II of the Companies Act,
2013 by estimating the useful life as 60 years.
(h) Inventories
Traded goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost
includes cost of purchase and other costs incurred in bringing the
inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is determined
on a weighted average basis.
(i) Revenue recognition
Sale of goods
Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when all the significant risks
and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer,
usually on delivery of the goods. The Company collects sales tax and
value added tax (VAT) on behalf of the government and therefore, these
are not economic benefits flowing to the company. Hence, they are
excluded from revenue.
Interest
Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into
account the amount outstanding and the applicable interest rate.
Interest income is included under the head "other income" in the
statement of Profit and loss.
Dividends
Dividend income is recognized when the company's right to receive
dividend is established by the reporting date.
(j) Foreign currency translation
Transactions in foreign currency are recorded by applying the exchange
rate at the date of the transaction. Monetary items denominated in
foreign currency remaining unsettled at the end of the year, are
translated at the closing rates, prevailing on the Balance Sheet date.
Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising as a
result of the above are recognised as income or expense in the
statement of Profit and loss. Exchange difference arising on the
settlement of monetary items at rates different from those at which
they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous
financial statements, are recognised as income or as expenses in the
year in which they arise.
(k) Income Taxes
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is
measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in
accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India and tax laws
prevailing in the respective tax jurisdictions where the Company
operates. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are
those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date.
Current income tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is
recognized in equity and not in the statement of Profit and loss.
Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of timing differences between
taxable income and accounting income originating during the current
year and reversal of timing differences for the earlier years. Deferred
tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or
substantively enacted at the reporting date.
(l) Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net Profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.
(m) Provisions
A provision is recognised when the Company has a present legal or
constructive obligation as a result of past events and it is probable
that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required
to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate of the amount of the
obligation can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present
value and are determined based on the best estimate required to settle
the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each
balance sheet and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
(n) Contingent liabilities
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past
events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or
non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the
control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognized
because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required
to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in
extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be
recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not
recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the
financial statements.
(o) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of cash flow statement
comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments with an
original maturity of three months or less.
Mar 31, 2014
(a) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP
requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of
the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the
management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty
about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes
requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or
liabilities in future periods.
(b) Tangible fixed assets
Fixed assets, are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and
accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises purchase
price, borrowing costs if capitalization criteria are met and directly
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
the intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in
arriving at the purchase price
During the year 2010-11, the Company had revalued it''s land assets
appearing in Fixed Asset note to recognise it''s fair market value as on
31st March, 2011. The revaluation is carried out based on valuation
reports of independent valuers and the appreciation in the value of the
assets is credited to Revaluation Reserve in the accounts
(c) Depreciation on tangible fixed assets
Depreciation on fixed assets is calculated on written down value basis
in accordance with Section 205(2)(a) of the Companies Act, 1956 at the
rates specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956. Assets
costing Rs 5,000 or less have been depreciated at the rate of 100%.
Depreciation in respect of additions to/deletions from the Fixed
Assets, is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of
addition/deletion of the Assets.
(d) Borrowing costs
Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs
incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings and exchange
differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they
are regarded as an adjustment to the nterest cost.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction
or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period
of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as
part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs
are expensed in the period they occur.
(e) Impairment of tangible assets
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
if there is any indication of impairment based on nternal/external
factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount
of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount.
(f) Government grants and subsidies
Government grants / subsidies in the nature of promoters'' contribution,
given with reference to the total investment in an
undertaking or by way of contribution towards its total capital outlay,
are treated as capital reserve. Grants and subsidies from the
government are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the
grant/subsidy will be received and all attaching conditions will be
complied with.
(g) Investments
Presentation and Disclosure :
Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for
not more than one year from balance sheet date are classified as current
investments. All other investments are classified as non-current
investments.
Recognition and Measurement :
Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for
not more than one year from the date on which such investments are
made, are recognised as current investments. All other investments are
recognised as long-term investments and carried at cost of acquisition.
However, the carrying amount is reduced to recognise a decline, other
than temporary, in the value of long-term investments by a charge to
the statement of Profit and loss. Current investments are stated at
lower of cost and fair value determined on individual investment basis.
Investment property
Investment in buildings, which is not intended to be occupied
substantially for use by, or in the operations of, the Company, is
classified as investment property. Investment properties are stated at
cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment
losses, if any.
Depreciation on investments in property has been provided on written
down value basis in accordance with Section 205(2) (a) of the Companies
Act, 1956 at the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act,
1956.
(h) Inventories
Traded goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost
includes cost of purchase and other costs incurred in bringing the
inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is determined
on a weighted average basis.
(i) Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will fow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured.
Sale of goods
Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when all the significant risks
and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer,
usually on delivery of the goods. The Company collects sales tax and
value added tax (VAT) on behalf of the government and, hence, they are
excluded from revenue.
Interest
Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into
account the amount outstanding and the applicable interest rate.
Interest income is included under the head "other income" in the
statement of Profit and loss.
Dividends
Dividend income is recognized when the company''s right to receive
dividend is established by the reporting date.
(j) Foreign currency translation
Transactions in foreign currency are recorded by applying the exchange
rate at the date of the transaction. Monetary items denominated in
foreign currency remaining unsettled at the end of the year, are
translated at the closing rates, prevailing on the Balance Sheet date.
Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising as a
result of the above are recognised as income or expense in the
statement of Profit and loss. Exchange difference arising on the
settlement of monetary items at rates different from those at which
they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous
financial statements, are recognised as income or as expenses in the
year in which they arise.
(k) Income Taxes
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is
measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in
accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India and tax laws
prevailing in the respective
tax jurisdictions where the Company operates. The tax rates and tax
laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or
substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax
relating to items recognized directly in equity is recognized in equity
and not in the statement of Profit and loss.
Deferred income taxes refect the impact of timing differences between
taxable income and accounting income originating during the current
year and reversal of timing differences for the earlier years. Deferred
tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or
substantively enacted at the reporting date.
(l) Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net Profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.
(m) Provisions
A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as
a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources
embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation
and a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made.
Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined
based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the
balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet and
adjusted to refect the current best estimates.
(n) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of cash fow statement
comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments with an
original maturity of three months or less.
(c) Terms/ rights attached to equity shares
The Company has only one class of equity shares having par value of Rs.
2 per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per
share.
In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity
shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the Company,
after distribution of all preferential amounts. The distribution will
be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the
shareholders.
As per records of the Company, including its register of shareholders/
members and other declarations received from shareholders regarding
beneficial interest, the above shareholding represents both legal and
beneficial ownerships of shares.
(e) The rights in respect of 1,015 (Previous year : 1015) Equity Shares
of Rs. 10 each arising out of part conversion of 17% Secured Redeemable
Partly Convertible Debentures and 1,015 (Previous year : 1015) Equity
Shares arising as a result of issue of Bonus Shares have been kept in
abeyance under Section 206A of the Companies Act, 1956.
(f) There are 44,962 (Previous Year : 44,962) underlying Equity Shares
of the Company in respect of GDR''s listed on Luxembourg Stock Exchange.
Every GDR are issued against 2 Equity shares.
Notes :
a) Loans from Non Banking Financials Companies includes the following :
1) Loan amounting to NIL (Previous Year: Rs.500 Lakhs) was secured by
way of pledge of 9,40,000 equity shares on UPL Limited (Formerly known
as United Phosphorus Limited) (''UPL''). The loan carried interest of
13.25 % p.a. and was repaid in July 2013. Equity shares pledged have
been released on repayment of the above loan.
2) Loan amounting to NIL (Previous Year: 7500 Lakhs) was secured by way
of pledge of 1,31,75,000 equity shares on UPL Limited (Formerly known
as United Phosphorus Limited) (''UPL''). The loan carried interest of
12.25 % p.a.and was repaid in December 2013. Equity shares pledged have
been released on repayment of the loan except for 22,000 equity shares
which have been released subsequent to the balance sheet date.
3) Loan amounting to Rs. 1,000 Lakhs (Previous Year: 1,000 Lakhs) is
secured by way of pledge of 20,00,000 equity shares on UPL Limited
(Formerly known as United Phosphorus Limited) (''UPL''). The loan carries
interest of 12.00 % p.a. and is repayable in March 2015.
b) Other loan from a private limited company of Rs. 20 Lakhs (Previous
Year : Rs. 20 Lakhs) is interest free Loan repayable on demand.
* Note: Margin Money deposit given as security against bank guarantee
Note :
The Company has incurred an amount of Rs.111.11 lacs in connection with
the rights issue of it''s equity shares and adjusted this amount against
Securities Premium account arising from the rights issue of equity
shares (which concluded during this year), as permitted under section
78 of the Companies Act, 1956. (Refer Note 26)
* Note : During the year 2013-14, Rs. 10.09 Lakhs have been paid to
auditors towards the professional fees for rights issue of the Company,
which are adjusted towards the securities premium received on the right
issue.
Mar 31, 2013
(a) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP
requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of
the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the
management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty
about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes
requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or
liabilities in future periods.
(b) Tangible fixed assets
Fixed assets, are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and
accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises purchase
price, borrowing costs if capitalization criteria are met and directly
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
the intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in
arriving at the purchase price.
During the year 2010-11, the Company had revalued it''s land assets
appearing in Fixed Asset note to recognise it''s fair market value as on
31st March, 2011. The revaluation is carried out based on valuation
reports of independent valuers and the appreciation in the value of the
assets is credited to Revaluation Reserve in the accounts.
(c) Depreciation on tangible fixed assets
Depreciation on fixed assets is calculated on written down value basis
in accordance with Section 205(2)(a) of the Companies Act, 1956 at the
rates specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956. Assets
costing Rs 5,000 or less have been depreciated at the rate of 100%.
Depreciation In respect of additions to/deletions from the Fixed
Assets, is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of
addition/deletion of the Assets.
(d) Impairment of tangible assets
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external
factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount
of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount.
(e) Government grants and subsidies
Government grants / subsidies in the nature of promoters'' contribution,
given with reference to the total investment in an undertaking or by
way of contribution towards its total capital outlay, are treated as
capital reserve. Grants and subsidies from the government are
recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the grant/subsidy
will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with.
(f) Investments
Presentation and Disclosure :
Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for
not more than one year from balance sheet date are classified as
current investments. All other investments are classified as
non-current investments.
Recognition and Measurement :
Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for
not more than one year from the date on which such investments are
made, are recognised as current investments. All other investments are
recognised as long-term investments and carried at cost of acquisition.
However, the carrying amount is reduced to recognise a decline, other
than temporary, in the value of long- term investments by a charge to
the statement of profit and loss. Current investments are stated at
lower of cost and fair value determined on individual investment basis.
Investment property
Investment in buildings, which is not intended to be occupied
substantially for use by, or in the operations of, the Company, is
classified as investment property.
Depreciation on investments in property has been provided on written
down value basis in accordance with Section 205(2)(a) of the Companies
Act, 1956 at the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act,
1956.
(g) Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the company and the revenue can be
reliably measured.
Sale of goods
Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when all the significant risks
and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer,
usually on delivery of the goods. The Company collects sales tax and
value added tax (VAT) on behalf of the government and, hence, they are
excluded from revenue.
Interest
Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into
account the amount outstanding and the applicable interest rate.
Interest income is included under the head "other income" in the
statement of profit and loss.
Dividends
Dividend income is recognized when the company''s right to receive
dividend is established by the reporting date.
(h) Foreign currency translation
Transactions in foreign currency are recorded by applying the exchange
rate at the date of the transaction. Monetary items denominated in
foreign currency remaining unsettled at the end of the year, are
translated at the closing rates, prevailing on the Balance Sheet date.
Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising as a
result of the above are recognised as income or expense in the
statement of profit and loss. Exchange difference arising on the
settlement of monetary items at rates different from those at which
they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous
financial statements, are recognised as income or as expenses in the
year in which they arise.
(i) Income Taxes
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is
measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in
accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India and tax laws
prevailing in the respective tax jurisdictions where the Company
operates. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are
those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date.
Current income tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is
recognized in equity and not in the statement of profit and loss.
Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of timing differences between
taxable income and accounting income originating during the current
year and reversal of timing differences for the earlier years.
Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted
or substantively enacted at the reporting date.
(j) Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.
(k) Provisions
A provision is recognised when the Company has a present legal or
constructive obligation as a result of past events and it is probable
that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be
required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate of the amount
of the obligation can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its
present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at
each balance sheet and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
(l) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of cash flow statement
comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments with an
original maturity of three months or less.
Mar 31, 2012
A) Presentation and disclosure of financial statements
During the year ended 31 March 2012, the revised Schedule VI notified
under the Companies Act 1956, has become applicable to the Company, for
preparation and presentation of its financial statements. The adoption
of revised Schedule VI does not impact recognition and measurement
principles followed for preparation of financial statements. However,
it has significant impact on presentation and disclosures made in the
financial statements. The Company has also reclassified the previous
year figures in accordance with the requirements applicable in the
current year.
(b)Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP
requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of
the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the
management's best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty
about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes
requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or
liabilities in future periods.
(c) Tangible fixed assets
Fixed assets, are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and
accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises purchase
price, borrowing costs if capitalization criteria are met and directly
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
the intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in
arriving at the purchase price.
During the year 2010-11, the Company had revalued itî land assets
appearing in Fixed Asset note to recognise it's fair market value as on
31st March, 2011. The revaluation is carried out based on valuation
reports of independent valuers and the appreciation in the value of the
assets is credited to Revaluation Reserve in the accounts.
(d) Depreciation on tangible fixed assets
Depreciation on fixed assets is calculated on written down value basis
in accordance with Section 205(2)(a) of the Companies Act, 1956 at the
rates specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956. Assets
costing Rs 5,000 or less have been depreciated at the rate of 100%. In
respect of additions to/deletions from the Fixed Assets, on pro-rata
basis with reference to the month of addition/deletion of the Assets.
(e) Impairment of tangible assets
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external
factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount
of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount.
(f) Government grants and subsidies
Government grants / subsidies in the nature of promoters' contribution,
given with reference to the total investment in an undertaking or by
way of contribution towards its total capital outlay, are treated as
capital reserve. Grants and subsidies from the government are
recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the grant/subsidy
will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with.
(g) Investments
Presentation and Disclosure :
Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for
not more than one year from balance sheet date are classified as
current investments. All other investments are classified as
non-current investments.
Recognition and Measurement :
Investments, which are readily realizable and intended to be held for
not more than one year from the date on which such investments are
made, are recognised as current investments. All other investments are
recognised as long-term investments and carried at cost of acquisition.
However, the carrying amount is reduced to recognise a decline, other
than temporary, in the value of long-term investments by a charge to
the profit and loss account. Current investments are stated at lower of
cost and fair value determined on individual investment basis.
Investment property
An investment in buildings, which is not intended to be occupied
substantially for use by, or in the operations of, the Company, is
classified as investment property.
Depreciation on investments in house property has been provided on
written down value basis in accordance with Section 205(2)(a) of the
Companies Act, 1956 at the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV to the
Companies Act, 1956.
(h) Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the company and the revenue can be
reliably measured.
Sale of goods
Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when all the significant risks
and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer,
usually on delivery of the goods. The company collects sales taxes and
value added taxes (VAT) on behalf of the government and, therefore,
these are not economic benefits flowing to the company. Hence, they are
excluded from revenue.
Interest
Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into
account the amount outstanding and the applicable interest rate.
Interest income is included under the head "other income in the
statement of profit and loss.
Dividends
Dividend income is recognized when the company right to receive
dividend is established by the reporting date.
(i) Foreign currency translation
Transactions in foreign currency are recorded by applying the exchange
rate at the date of the transaction. Monetary items denominated in
foreign currency remaining unsettled at the end of the year, are
translated at the closing rates, prevailing on the Balance Sheet date.
Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising as a
result of the above are recognised as income or expense in the
statement of profit and loss. Exchange difference arising on the
settlement of monetary items at rates different from those at which
they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in previous
financial statements, are recognised as income or as expenses in the
year in which they arise.
(j) Income Taxes
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income-tax is
measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in
accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India and tax laws
prevailing in the respective tax jurisdictions where the company
operates. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are
those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date.
Current income tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is
recognized in equity and not in the statement of profit and loss.
Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of timing differences between
taxable income and accounting income originating during the current
year and reversal of timing differences for the earlier years. Deferred
tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or
substantively enacted at the reporting date.
(k) Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.
(l) Provisions
A provision is recognised when the Company has a present legal or
constructive obligation as a result of past events and it is probable
that an obligation of resources embodying economic benefits will be
required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate of the amount
of the obligation can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its
present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at
each balance sheet and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
(m) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of cash flow statement
comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments with an
original maturity of three months or less.
Mar 31, 2011
(a) Basis of Accounting:
(i) The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all
material respects with the Accounting Standards notified by Companies
(Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, (as amended) and the relevant
provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements have
been prepared under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis
except in case of assets for which revaluation is carried out. The
accounting policies have been consistently applied by the Company and
except for the changes in accounting policy discussed more fully below,
are consistent with those used in the previous year.
(ii) Financial statements are based on historical cost except for the
land which is accounted based on periodic revaluaion representing the
fair market value.
(b) Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the
financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting
period. Although these estimates are based upon managements best
knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ
from these estimates.
(c) Fixed Assets and Depreciation:
(i) Fixed Assets are stated at cost (or revalued amounts, as the case
may be) less depreciation.
(ii) Depreciation
Depreciation has been provided:
(1) On written down value basis in accordance with Section 205(2)(a) of
the Companies Act, 1956 at the rates specified in Schedule XIV to the
Companies Act, 1956.
(2) Assets costing Rs 5,000 or less have been depreciated at the rate
of 100%.
(3) In respect of additions to/deletions from the Fixed Assets, on
pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition/deletion of the
Assets.
(iii) Impairments :
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external
factors. An impairment loss is recognised wherever the carrying amount
of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount.
(d) Investments:
Long-term investments are carried at cost of acquisition, except for
the transfer of current investment to long term investment which is
carried at the lower of cost and fair value at the date of transfer,
and the resultant difference is recognised in the profit and loss
account. However, the carrying amount is reduced to recognise a
decline, other than temporary, in the value of long-term investments by
a charge to the profit and loss account.
Depreciation on investments in house property has been provided on
written down value basis in accordance with Section 205(2)(a) of the
Companies Act, 1956 at the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV to the
Companies Act, 1956.
(e) Foreign Currency Transactions:
Transactions in foreign currency are recorded by applying the exchange
rate at the date of the transaction. Monetary items denominated in
foreign currency remaining unsettled at the end of the year, are
translated at the closing rates, prevailing on the Balance Sheet date.
Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising as a
result of the above are recognised as income or expense in the profit
and loss account except for exchange differences arising on a monetary
item which, in substance, form part of the Companys net investment in
a non-integral foreign operation which is accumulated in a Foreign
Currency Translation Reserve until the disposal of the net investment.
Exchange difference arising on the settlement of monetary items at
rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during
the year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognised
as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise.
(f) Grants, Subsidies received:
Government grants / subsidies in the nature of promoters contribution,
given with reference to the total investment in an undertaking or by
way of contribution towards its total capital outlay, are treated as
capital reserve. Grants and subsidies from the government are
recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the grant/subsidy
will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with.
(g) Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured
Dividends : Revenue is recognised when the shareholders right to
receive payment is established by the balance sheet date
Rent : Lease income is recognised in the Profit and Loss Account on a
straight-line basis over the lease term or as per the terms of
contract.
(h) Taxation:
Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax. Current income tax
is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in
accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India. Deferred
income taxes reflects the impact of current year timing differences
between taxable income and accounting income for the year and reversal
of timing differences of earlier years.
Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws
enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred
tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally
enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current
tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax
liabilities relate to the taxes on income levied by the same governing
taxation laws. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent
that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable
income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be
realised. In situations where the company has unabsorbed depreciation
or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognised
only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence
that they can be realised against future taxable profits.
At each balance sheet date, the Company re-assesses unrecognised
deferred tax assets. It recognises unrecognised deferred tax assets to
the extent that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain,
as the case may be that sufficient future taxable income will be
available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance
sheet date. The company writes-down the carrying amount of a deferred
tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or
virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable
income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be
realised. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes
reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that
sufficient future taxable income will be available
MAT credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there
is convincing evidence that the company will pay normal income tax
during the specified period. In the year in which the Minimum
Alternative tax (MAT) credit becomes eligible to be recognized as an
asset in accordance with the recommendations contained in guidance Note
issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the said
asset is created by way of a credit to the profit and loss account and
shown as MAT Credit Entitlement. The Company reviews the same at each
balance sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT Credit
Entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the
effect that Company will pay normal Income Tax during the specified
period.
(i) Provisions:
A provision is recognised when the Company has a present legal or
constructive obligation as a result of past events and it is probable
that an obligation of resources embodying economic benefits will be
required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate of the amount
of the obligation can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its
present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at
each balance sheet and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
(j) Earning Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The
weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period
are adjusted for events of bonus issue.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net
profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and
the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are
adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
(k) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of Cash flow statement
comprise of cash at bank and in hand and short term investments with an
original maturity of three months or less.
Mar 31, 2010
(a) Basis of Accounting:
(i) The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all
material respects with the Notified accounting standard by Companies
(Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 ( as amended) and the relevant
provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The Company follows the
mercantile system of accounting and recognises income and expenditure
on accrual basis. The accounting policies have been consistently
applied by the Company are consistent with those used in the previous
year.
(ii) Financial statements are based on historical cost.
(b) Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the
financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting
period. Although these estimates are based upon managements best
knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ
from these estimates.
(c) Fixed Assets and Depreciation:
(i) Fixed Assets are stated at cost less depreciation.
(ii) Depreciation Depreciation has been provided:
(1) On written down value basis in accordance with Section 205(2)(a) of
the Companies Act, 1956 at the rates specified in Schedule XIV to the
Companies Act, 1956.
(2) Assets costing Rs 5,000 or less have been depreciated at the rate
of 100%.
(3) In respect of additions to/deletions from the Fixed Assets, on
pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition/deletion of the
Assets.
(iii) Impairments :
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external
factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount
of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount.
(d) Inventories:
Traded goods are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value.
(e) Investments:
Long-term investments are carried at cost of acquisition, except for
the transfer of current investment to long term investment which is
carried at the lower of cost and fair value at the date of transfer,
and the resultant difference is recognised in the profit and loss
account. However, the carrying amount is reduced to recognise a
decline, other than temporary, in the value of long-term investments by
a charge to the profit and loss account
(f) Foreign Currency Transactions:
Transactions in foreign currency are recorded by applying the exchange
rate at the date of the transaction. Monetary items denominated in
foreign currency remaining unsettled at the end of the year, are
translated at the closing rates, prevailing on the Balance Sheet date.
Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction. Exchange differences arising as a
result of the above are recognised as income or expense in the profit
and loss account except for exchange differences arising on a monetary
item which, in substance, form part of the Companys net investment in
a non-integral foreign operation which is accumulated in a Foreign
Currency Translation Reserve until the disposal of the net investment.
Exchange difference arising on the settlement of monetary items at
rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during
the year, or reported in previous financial statements, are recognised
as income or as expenses in the year in which they arise.
(g) Borrowing Costs:
Interest and other costs incurred for acquisition of qualifying assets,
upto the date of commissioning / installation, are capitalised as part
of the cost of the said assets.
(h) Grants, Subsidies received:
Government grants / subsidies in the nature of promoters contribution,
given with reference to the total investment in an undertaking or by
way of contribution towards its total capital outlay, are treated as
capital reserve. Grants and subsidies from the government are
recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the grant/subsidy
will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with.
(i) Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured
Dividends : Revenue is recognised when the shareholders right to
receive payment is established by the balance sheet date
Rent : Lease income is recognised in the Profit and Loss Account on a
straight-line basis over the lease term or as per the terms of
contract.
G) Taxation:
Tax expense comprises of current, deferred and fringe benefit tax.
Current income tax and fringe benefit tax is measured at the amount
expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the
Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India. Deferred income taxes reflects
the impact of current year timing differences between taxable income
and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing differences
of earlier years.
Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws
enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred
tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally
enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current
tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax
liabilities relate to the taxes on income levied by the same governing
taxation laws. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent
that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable
income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be
realised. In situations where the company has unabsorbed depreciation
or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognised
only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence
that they can be realised against future taxable profits.
At each balance sheet date, the Company re-assesses unrecognised
deferred tax assets. It recognises unrecognised deferred tax assets to
the extent that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain,
as the case may be that sufficient future taxable income will be
available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance
sheet date. The company writes-down the carrying amount of a deferred
tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or
virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable
income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be
realised. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes
reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that
sufficient future taxable income will be available
MAT credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there
is convincing evidence that the company will pay normal income tax
during the specified period. In the year in which the Minimum
Alternative tax (MAT) credit becomes eligible to be recognized as an
asset in accordance with the recommendations contained in guidance Note
issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the said
asset is created by way of a credit to the profit and loss account and
shown as MAT Credit Entitlement. The Company reviews the same at each
balance sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT Credit
Entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the
effect that Company will pay normal Income Tax during the specified
period.
(k) Provisions:
A provision is recognised when the Company has a present legal or
constructive obligation as a result of past events and it is probable
that an obligation of resources embodying economic benefits will be
required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate of the amount
of the obligation can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its
present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at
each balance sheet and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
(l) Earning Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The
weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period
are adjusted for events of bonus issue.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net
profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and
the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are
adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
(m) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of Cash flow statement
comprise of cash at bank and in hand and short term investments with an
original maturity of three months or less.