Mar 31, 2023
1. CORPORATE INFORMATION
Eimco Elecon (India) (the Company) Limited is a public company domiciled in India and is incorporated in 1974 under the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. Its Equity shares are listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (''BSE'') and National Stock Exchange (''NSE'') in India. The registered office of the company is located at Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat. The Company is principally engaged in the business of Manufacturing of Equipment for Mining and Construction sector.
The standalone financial statements are approved by the Company''s Board of directors on 24-April-2023
2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES2.1 STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE
These standalone financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the âActâ) read with Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended and other relevant provisions of the Act as amended from time to time.
The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) as prescribed under Section 133 of the Act to be read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and Companies ( Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2016. The Company''s Financial Statements for the year ended 31st March, 2023 comprises of the Balance Sheet, Statement of Profit and Loss, Cash Flow Statement, Statement of Changes in Equity and the Notes to Financial Statements.
The Company has consistently applied accounting policies to all periods presented in these financial statements.
The standalone financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for the following items:
⢠Certain financial assets - measured at fair value (refer accounting policy regarding financial instruments),
⢠Net defined benefit (asset) / liability - measured at fair value of plan assets less present value of defined benefit obligations.
Current Versus Non-current Classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification.
An asset is treated as current when it is:
⢠Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in the normal operating cycle;
⢠Held primarily for the purpose of trading;
⢠Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period; or
⢠Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is current when:
⢠It is expected to be settled in the normal operating cycle;
⢠It is held primarily for the purpose of trading;
⢠It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period; or
⢠There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.
Functional and Presentation Currency
The standalone financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees ( INR ), which is also the Company''s presentation and functional currency. All values are rounded to the nearest lakh up to two decimals, except when otherwise indicated. Operating cycle
Operating cycle of the Company is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents. As the Company''s normal operating cycle is not clearly identifiable, it is assumed to be twelve months.
The Company measures financial instruments at fair value at each balance sheet date.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:
⢠In the principal market for the asset or liability Or
⢠In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.
The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.
A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant''s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:
⢠Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
⢠Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.
⢠Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.
For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period. Management determines the policies and procedures for both recurring fair value measurement and non-recurring fair value measurement. External values are involved for valuation of significant assets, such as properties and involvement of external valuers is decided upon the Management. Selection criteria include market knowledge, reputation, independence and whether professional standards are maintained. The Management decides, after discussions with the Company''s external valuers, which valuation techniques and inputs to use for each case.
At each reporting date, Management analyses the movements in the values of assets and liabilities which are required to be re-measured or re-assessed as per the Company''s accounting policies. For this analysis, Management verifies the major inputs applied in the latest valuation by agreeing the information in the valuation computation to contracts and other relevant documents.
For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above This note summarizes accounting policy for fair value. Other fair value related disclosures are given in the relevant notes.
⢠Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions (note no. 2.5)
⢠Quantitative disclosures of fair value measurement hierarchy (note no. 26)
⢠Investment properties (note no. 2.4(b) and note no. 4)
⢠Financial instrument (note no. 2.4(g))
2.4 Summary of significant accounting policies
a. Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost of PPE comprises of its purchase price or its construction cost (net of applicable tax credit, trade discount and rebate if any), Exchange rate variations attributable to the assets and any cost directly attributable to bring the asset into the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by the management and initial estimate of decommissioning costs. Direct costs are capitalized until the asset is ready for use and includes borrowing cost capitalised in accordance with the Company''s accounting policy.
Advances paid towards the acquisition of property, plant and equipment outstanding at each Balance Sheet date is classified as capital advances under Other Non-Current Assets and the cost of the assets not ready for intended use before such date are disclosed under ''Capital work-in-progress''. Subsequent expenditures relating to property, plant and equipment is capitalised only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with these will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. Repairs and maintenance costs are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss when incurred. The cost and related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the financial statements upon sale or retirement of the asset and the resultant gains or losses which are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised. Assets to be disposed off are reported at the lower of the carrying value or the fair value less cost to sell. Company has availed fair value as deemed cost on the date of transition to Ind AS for Buildings & Plant & Machinery and for other assets as per the Previous GAAP and used that carrying value as its deemed cost as on the transition date as per Para 7AA of Ind AS 101.
Depreciation
Depreciation is calculated on a written down value basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as prescribed under Part C of Schedule II of the Companies Act 2013 except for the assets mentioned below for which useful lives estimated by the management. The management believes that these estimated useful lives are realistic and reflect fair approximation of the period over which the assets are likely to be used. Detail of asset depreciated on straight line basis and its useful life is as under:
Assets |
Year |
Road |
10 Years |
Plant and Machinery |
15-25 Years |
Computers |
3 Years |
Networks |
6 Years |
Electric Installation |
10 Years |
Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.,
b. Investment Properties
Investment properties are measured initially at cost, including transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss, if any. The cost includes the cost of replacing parts and borrowing costs for long-term construction projects if the recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of the property are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company depreciates them separately based on their specific useful lives. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in profit or loss as incurred.
Depreciation on Investment property is provided on the written down value basis over useful lives of the assets as prescribed under Part C of Schedule II to the Companies Act 2013.
Though the Company measures investment property using cost-based measurement, the fair value of investment property is disclosed in the notes. Fair values are determined based on an annual evaluation performed by Registered Valuer, as defined under Rule 2 of Companies (Registered Valuers and Valuation) applying a valuation model recommended by the International Valuation Standards Committee.
An investment property is derecognised on disposal or on permanently withdrawal from use or when no future economic benefits are expected from its disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.
c. Intangible Assets
Intangible assets with finite useful life acquired separately, are recognized only if it is probable that future economic benefits that are attributable to the assets will flow to the enterprise and the cost of assets can be measured reliably. The intangible assets are recorded at cost and are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
Amortisation is recognised on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives from the date they are available for use. The estimated useful life and amortisation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives that are acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses. The management estimates the useful life of assets as under:
Assets |
Year |
Technical Knowhow |
7 years |
Software |
7 years |
Subsequent expenditures are capitalised only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with these will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.
Intangible assets are derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are determined as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, and recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.
The Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of its Intangible assets recognised as of April 1, 2016 (transition date) measured as per the Previous GAAP and used that carrying value as its deemed cost as on the transition date as per Para 7AA of Ind AS 101.
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence, if any. Net realisable value represents the estimated selling price for inventories in the ordinary course of business less all estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale. Cost of inventories comprises of cost of purchase (net of recoverable taxes), cost of conversion and other costs including manufacturing overheads incurred in bringing them to their respective present location and condition. Raw materials and other supplies held for use in production of finished products are not written down below cost except in cases where material prices have declined and it is estimated that the cost of the finished products will exceed their net realizable value. Inventory cost formula is as under:
Inventories |
Basis of Valuation and Cost Formula |
Raw material |
Landed cost at weighted average basis |
Work in Progress |
Raw material, labour and appropriate proportion of manufacturing expenses and overheads as per stage of completion at weighted average. |
Finished Goods |
Raw material, labour and appropriate proportion of manufacturing expenses and overheads at weighted average. |
Impairment of financial assets
The Company recognises loss allowances for expected credit losses on financial assets measured at amortised cost. At each reporting date, the Company assesses whether financial assets carried at amortised cost credit -impaired.
Loss allowances for trade receivables are always measured at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses. The Company follows a ''simplified approach'' for recognition of impairment loss allowance on trade receivables. Under the simplified approach, the Company is not required to track changes in credit risk. Rather, it recognised impairment loss allowance based on lifetime Expected credit losses (''ECLâ) together with appropriate Management''s estimate of credit loss at each reporting date, from its initial recognition. The Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on the group of trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivable and is adjusted for forward-looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the forwardlooking estimates are analysed. Measurement of expected credit losses Expected credit losses are a probability-weighted estimate of credit losses. Credit losses are measured as the present value of all cash shortfall (i.e. the difference between the cash flows due to the Company in accordance with the contract and the cash flows that the Company expects to receive). Presentation of allowance for expected credit losses in the balance sheet Loss allowances for financial assets measured at amortised cost are deducted from the gross carrying amount of the assets.
Write off the gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off (either partially or in full) to the extent that there
is no realistic prospect of recovery. This is generally the case when the Company determines that the customer does not have assets or sources of income that could generate sufficient cash flows to repay the amounts subject to the write-off. However, financial assets that are written off could still be subject to enforcement activities in order to comply with the Company''s procedures for recovery of amounts due.
Impairment of non-financial assets
The Management periodically assesses using, external and internal sources, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying value of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is higher of the asset''s net selling price or value in use, which means the present value of future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of the asset and its eventual disposal. An impairment loss for an asset is reversed if, and only if, the reversal can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized. The carrying amount of an asset is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any accumulated amortization or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.
f. Offsetting
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the balance sheet when, and only when, the Company currently has a legally enforceable right to set off the amounts and it intends either to settle them on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
g. Financial Instruments
Financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
Initial recognition and measurement
All financial assets, except investment in Associates, Perpetual /Corporate Bonds and trade receivables, are recognised at fair value, through profit and loss account. In the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, are recognised at transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial assets.
Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular way trades) are recognised on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset.
Subsequent Measurement
For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in four categories:
(a) Financial assets at amortised cost
(b) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
(c) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
(d) Equity instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
Financial assets at amortised cost
A financial assets is measured at the amortised cost if:
a) the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows, and
b) the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.
After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in finance income in the profit or loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the profit or loss.
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
A financial asset is measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if:
(a) the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets, and
(b) the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.
Financial assets included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (OCI).
Financial assets included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (OCI).
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
FVTPL is a residual category for financial assets. Any financial asset, which does not meet the criteria for categorization as at amortized cost or as FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL.
In addition, the Company may elect to designate a financial asset, which otherwise meets amortized cost or fair value through other comprehensive income criteria, as at fair value through profit or loss. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ''accounting mismatch'').The Company has other investments at FVTPL.
After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value with all changes recognised in Statement of profit and loss.
Equity investments
All equity investments in scope of Ind-AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.
If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to P&L, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.
Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the P&L.
Derecognition of financial assets
A financial asset is derecognised when:
(a) the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or
(b) The Company has transferred its contractual rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ''pass-through'' arrangement; and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.
When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company''s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.
Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.
Loans and Borrowings
After initial recognition, interest-bearing borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process.
Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss. This category generally applies to borrowings.
Financial guarantee contracts
Financial guarantee contracts issued by the Company are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified debtor fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognised initially as a liability at fair value, adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of loss allowance determined as per impairment requirements of Ind AS 109 and the amount recognised less cumulative amortisation.
Derecognition
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.
h. Hedge Accounting
Fair value hedges when hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognised asset or liability or an unrecognised firm commitment
Cash flow hedges when hedging the exposure to variability in cash flows that is either attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognised asset or liability or a highly probable forecast transaction or the foreign currency risk in an unrecognised firm commitment
At the inception of a hedge relationship, the Company formally designates and documents the hedge relationship to which the Company wishes to apply hedge accounting and the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge. The documentation includes the group''s risk management objective and strategy for undertaking hedge, the hedging/ economic relationship, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged, hedge ratio and how the entity will assess the effectiveness of changes in the hedging instrument''s fair value in offsetting the exposure to changes in the hedged item''s fair value or cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. Such hedges are expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows and are assessed on an ongoing basis to determine that they actually have been highly effective throughout the financial reporting periods for which they were designated.
Hedges that meet the strict criteria for hedge accounting are accounted for, as described below:
(i) Fair Value Hedges
The change in the fair value of a hedging instrument is recognised in the statement of profit and loss. The change in the fair value of the hedged item attributable to the risk hedged is recorded as part of the carrying value of the hedged item and is also recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
(ii) Cash flow hedges
The effective portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognised in OCI in the cash flow hedge reserve, while any ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss.
Amounts recognised as OCI are transferred to profit or loss when the hedged transaction affects profit or loss, such as when the hedged financial income or financial expense is recognised or when a forecast sale occurs. When the hedged item is the cost of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability, the amounts recognised as OCI are transferred to the initial carrying amount of the non-financial asset or liability.
If the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated or exercised without replacement or rollover (as part of the hedging strategy), or if its designation as a hedge is revoked, or when the hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, any cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI remains separately in equity until the forecast transaction occurs or the foreign currency firm commitment is met.
i. Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Revenues from sale of goods or services are recognised upon transfer of control of the goods or services to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration which the company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services.
Revenue is measured at the transaction price of the consideration received or receivable duly adjusted for variable consideration & customer''s right to return the goods and the same represents amounts receivable for goods and services provided in the normal course of business. Revenue also excludes taxes collected from customers. Any retrospective revision in prices is accounted for in the year of such revision.
Revenue is recognised at a point in time on accrual basis as per the terms of the contract, when there is no uncertainty as to measurement or collectability of consideration. When there is uncertainty as to measurement or ultimate collectability, revenue recognition is postponed until such uncertainty is resolved.
When sales discount and rebate arrangements result in variable consideration, appropriate estimates are made and estimated variable consideration is recognised as a deduction from revenue at the point of sale (to the extent that it is highly probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not be required). The Company typically uses the expected value method for estimating variable consideration, reflecting that such contracts have similar characteristics and a range of possible outcomes.
The contract asset or a contract liability is recognised when either party to a contract has performed, depending on the relationship between the entity''s performance and the customer''s payment. When the company has a present unconditional rights to consideration, it is recognised separately as a receivable.
Interest on investments is booked on a time proportion basis taking into account the amounts invested and the rate of interest.
Dividend income is recognised when the right to receive the same is established.
Rental income arising from operating leases on investment properties is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the lease terms except the case where incremental lease reflects inflationary effect and rental income is accounted in such case by actual rent for the year.
Export incentives (Duty Drawback Scheme benefits) are accrued in the year when the right to receive the same is established in respect of exports made and are accounted to the extent there is no significant uncertainty about the measurability and ultimate realization/ utilization of such benefits/ duty credit.
Other income is recognised on accrual basis except when realization of such income is uncertain.
j. Employee benefits
a) Short Term Employee Benefits
Short term employee benefits such as salaries, wages, short term compensated absences, bonus, ex-gratia, and performance-linked rewards falling due wholly within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term employee benefits and are expensed in the period in which the employee renders the service are recognised as an expense at the undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services rendered by the employee to the company. A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid e.g., under short-term cash bonus, if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee, and the amount of obligation can be estimated reliably.
b) Post-Employment Benefits
(i) Defined contribution plan
These are plans in which the company pays pre-defined amounts to separate funds and does not have any legal or informal obligation to pay additional sums. These comprises of contribution to Employee provident fund and superannuation fund. The Company payments to the defined contribution plans are reported as expenses during the period in which the employee performs the services that the payment covers.
(ii) Defined benefit plan
Expenses for defined gratuity payment plans are calculated as at the balance sheet date by independent actuaries in the manner that distributes expenses over the employees working life. These commitments are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a discounted rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the actuary having regard to the interest rate on government bonds with a remaining term i.e. almost equivalent to the average balance working period of the employees.
Remeasurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognized immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.
Past service costs are recognised in profit or loss on the earlier of:
⢠The date of the plan amendment or curtailment, and
⢠The date that the Company recognises related restructuring costs
Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The Company
recognises the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the Statement of profit and loss:
⢠Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailments and non-routine settlements; and
⢠Net interest expense or income Other long term employment benefits:
The employee''s long term compensated absences are Company''s defined benefit plans. The present value of the obligation is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method as at the date of the Balance sheet. In case of funded plans, the fair value of plan asset is reduced from the gross obligation, to recognise the obligation on the net basis.
The Company assess whether a contract contains a lease, at the inception of the contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether (i) the contract involves the use of identified asset; (ii) the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of the asset through the period of lease and (iii) the Company has right to direct the use of the asset.
Company as a lessee
The Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.
Certain lease arrangements include the option to extend or terminate the lease before the end of the lease term. The right-of-use assets and lease liabilities include these options when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised.
The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use assets are determined on the same basis as those of property, plant and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain re-measurements of the lease liability.
The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company''s incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate.
The lease liability is subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. It is premeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the Company''s estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, or if Company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option.
When the lease liability is premeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.
Lease payments have been classified as financing activities.
The Company has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short term leases that have a lease term of less than or equal to 12 months with no purchase option and assets with low value leases. The Company recognises the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense in statement of profit and loss over the lease term. The related cash flows are classified as operating activities.
Company as a lessor
Leases for which the Company is a lessor is classified as finance or operating leases. When the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee, the contract is classified as a finance lease. All other leases are classified as operating leases.
Lease income from operating leases where the Company is a lessor is recognised in income on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Foreign Exchange Transactions
Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded by the company''s functional currency spot rates at the date the transaction first qualifies for recognition.
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the functional currency spot rates of exchange at the reporting date. Differences arising on settlement of such transaction and on translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rate are recognised in profit or loss.
Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions. Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value is determined. The gain or loss arising on translation of non-monetary items measured at fair value is treated in line with the recognition of the gain or loss on the change in fair value of the item (i.e., translation differences on items whose fair value gain or loss is recognised in OCI or profit or loss are also recognised in OCI or profit or loss, respectively).
l. Income taxes Current income tax
Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities.
Current income tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Current tax items are recognized in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.
Deferred tax is recognised using the balance sheet approach. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.
Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the Company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed, the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset, but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss net of any reimbursement.
If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.
Warranty provisions
Product warranty expenses are estimated by the management on the basis of technical evaluation and past experience. Provision is made for estimated liability in respect of warranty cost in the period of recognition of revenue.
n. Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalent in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term deposits, as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts as they are considered an integral part of the Company''s cash management.
o. Earnings per share
Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the profit / loss for the year attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year.
Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing the profit / loss attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year plus the weighted average number of ordinary shares that would be issued on conversion of all the dilutive potential ordinary shares into ordinary shares.
2.5. Critical Accounting Judgments, Estimates, Assumptions and Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty
The preparation of the Company''s financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.
Judgments
In the process of applying the Company''s accounting policies, management has made the following judgments, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements:
⢠Identification of whether the Company has significant influence over an investee where the shareholding is below 20% of the issued share capital.
⢠Identification of the land &/or building as an investment property.
⢠Determining the amount of Impairment loss.
⢠Determining the amount of expected credit loss on financial assets (including trade receivables)
⢠Identification of performance obligation in revenue recognition Estimates and assumptions
The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. The Company based its assumptions and estimates on parameters available when the financial statements were prepared. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments, however, may change due to market changes or circumstances arising that are beyond the control of the Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.
Defined benefit plans (gratuity benefits)
The cost of the defined benefit plan and the present value of the obligation are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases, attrition rate and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.
The parameter most subject to change is the discount rate. In determining the appropriate discount rate for plans operated in India, the management considers the interest rates of government bonds in currencies consistent with the currencies of the post-employment benefit obligation.
The underlying bonds are further reviewed for quality. Those having excessive credit spreads are excluded from the analysis of bonds on which the discount rate is based, on the basis that they do not represent high quality corporate bonds.
The mortality rate is based on publicly available mortality tables for the specific countries. Those mortality tables tend to change only at interval in response to demographic changes. Future salary increases and gratuity increases are based on expected future inflation rates for the respective countries.
Further details about gratuity obligations are given in Note 31.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available
against which the losses can be utilised. Significant management judgement is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits together with future tax planning strategies.
Allowance for uncollectible trade receivables
Trade receivables do not carry any interest and are stated at their nominal value as reduced by appropriate allowances for estimated irrecoverable amounts. Estimated irrecoverable amounts are based on the ageing of the receivable balance and historical experience. Individual trade receivables are written off when management deems them not to be collectible.
Warranty Provision
The company generally offers 12-18 months warranties for the product sold. Management estimates the related provision for future warranty claims based on historical warranty claim information as well as recent trends that might suggest that past cost information may differ from future claims. The assumptions made in relation to the current period are consistent with those in the prior periods. Factors that could impact the estimated claim information include the success of the company''s productivity and quality initiatives.
Intangible assets
Refer Note 2.4 (c) for the estimated useful life of Intangible assets. The carrying value of Intangible assets has been disclosed in Note 5.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Refer Note 2.4 (a) for the estimated useful life of Property, plant and equipment. The carrying value of Property, plant and equipment has been disclosed in Note 3.
Ind AS 116 Leases requires lessee to determine the lease term as the non-cancellable period of a lease adjusted with any option to extend or terminate the lease, if the use of such option is reasonably certain. The Company makes assessment on the expected lease term on lease by lease basis and thereby assesses whether it is reasonably certain that any options to extend or terminate the contract will be exercised. In evaluating the lease term, the Company considers factors such as any significant leasehold improvements undertaken over the lease term, costs relating to the termination of lease and the importance of the underlying to the Company''s operations taking into account the location of the underlying asset and the availability of the suitable alternatives. The lease term in future periods is reassessed to ensure that the lease term reflects the current economic circumstances.
2.6 Recent pronouncementsInd AS 1 - Presentation of Financial Statements
The amendments require companies to disclose their material accounting policies rather than their significant accounting policies. Accounting policy information, together with other information, is material when it can reasonably be expected to influence decisions of primary users of general purpose financial statements. The Company does not expect this amendment to have any significant impact in its financial statements.
The amendments clarify how companies account for deferred tax on transactions such as leases and decommissioning obligations. The amendments narrowed the scope of the recognition exemption in paragraphs 15 and 24 of Ind AS 12 (recognition exemption) so that it no longer applies to transactions that, on initial recognition, give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences. The Company is evaluating the impact, if any, in its financial statements.
Ind AS 8 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors
The amendments will help entities to distinguish between accounting policies and accounting estimates. The definition of a change in accounting estimates has been replaced with a definition of accounting estimates. Under the new definition, accounting estimates are âmonetary amounts in financial statements that are subject to measurement uncertaintyâ. Entities develop accounting estimates if accounting policies require items in financial statements to be measured in a way that involves measurement uncertainty. The Company does not expect this amendment to have any significant impact in its financial statements.â
Mar 31, 2018
1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
1.1 BASIS OF PREPARATION
The standalone financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) as per the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, (the âActâ) and other relevant provisions of the Act.
The standalone financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for the following items:
- Certain financial assets and liabilities - measured at fair value (refer accounting policy regarding financial instruments),
- Net defined benefit (asset ) / liability - measured at fair value of plan assets less present value of defined benefit obligations.
The standalone financial statements are presented in INR and all values are rounded to the nearest Lakh (INR 00,000), except when otherwise indicated.
1.2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
a. Current Versus Non-current Classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification.
An asset is treated as current when it is:
- Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in the normal operating cycle;
- Held primarily for the purpose of trading;
- Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period; or
- Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is current when:
- It is expected to be settled in the normal operating cycle;
- It is held primarily for the purpose of trading;
- It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period; or
- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.
Operating Cycle
Operating cycle of the Company is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents. As the Companyâs normal operating cycle is not clearly identifiable, it is assumed to be twelve months.
b. Foreign Currencies
The Companyâs financial statements are presented in INR, which is also the companyâs functional currency. Transactions and balances
Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded by the companyâs functional currency spot rates at the date the transaction first qualifies for recognition.
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the functional currency spot rates of exchange at the reporting date. Differences arising on settlement of such transaction and on translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rate are recognised in profit or loss. They are deferred in equity if they relate to qualifying cash flow hedges.
Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions. Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value is determined. The gain or loss arising on translation of non-monetary items measured at fair value is treated in line with the recognition of the gain or loss on the change in fair value of the item (i.e., translation differences on items whose fair value gain or loss is recognised in OCI or profit or loss are also recognised in OCI or profit or loss, respectively).
c. Fair Value Measurement
The Company measures financial instruments at fair value at each balance sheet date.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:
- In the principal market for the asset or liability
Or
- In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.
The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.
A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participantâs ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:
- Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
- Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.
- Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.
For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period. Management determines the policies and procedures for both recurring fair value measurement and non recurring fair value measurement.
External values are involved for valuation of significant assets, such as properties and involvement of external valuers is decided upon the Management. Selection criteria include market knowledge, reputation, independence and whether professional standards are maintained. The Management decides, after discussions with the Companyâs external valuers, which valuation techniques and inputs to use for each case.
At each reporting date, Management analyses the movements in the values of assets and liabilities which are required to be remeasured or re-assessed as per the Companyâs accounting policies. For this analysis, Management verifies the major inputs applied in the latest valuation by agreeing the information in the valuation computation to contracts and other relevant documents.
For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.
This note summarizes accounting policy for fair value. Other fair value related disclosures are given in the relevant notes.
- Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions (note no. 2.3)
- Quantitative disclosures of fair value measurement hierarchy (note no. 26)
- Investment properties (note no. 2.2(g) and note no. 4)
- Financial instruments (note no. 2.2(o))
d. Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is being made. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment and excluding taxes or duties collected on behalf of the Government.
The specific recognition criteria described below must also be met before revenue is recognized.
Sale of goods
Sales are stated net of rebate and trade discount and exclude Central Sales Tax, State Value Added Tax, and Goods and Service Tax. With regard to sale of product, income is reported when significant risks and rewards connected with the ownership have been transferred to the buyers. This usually occurs upon dispatch, after the price has been determined. The Company provides normal warranty provisions for general repairs for 12-18 months on all its products sold, in line with the industry practice. A liability is recognised at the time the product is sold - see Note 15 for more information. The Company does not provide any extended warranties or maintenance contracts to its customers.
Interest income
For all debt instruments measured either at amortized cost, interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR). EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset or to the amortized cost of a financial liability. Interest income is included in other income in the statement of profit and loss.
Rental Income
Rental income arising from operating leases on investment properties is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the lease terms except the case where incremental lease reflects inflationary effect and rental income is accounted in such case by actual rent for the period.
Dividend Income
Income from dividend on investments is accrued in the year in which it is declared, whereby right to receive is established.
e. Taxes
Current Income Tax
Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities.
Current income tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Current tax items are recognized in co-relation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.
Deferred Tax
Deferred tax is recognised using the balance sheet approach. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.
Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.
f. Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Such cost includes the cost of replacing part of the plant and equipment and borrowing costs for long-term construction projects if the recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of Property, plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company recognises such parts as individual assets with specific useful lives and depreciates them accordingly. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in profit or loss as incurred. The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision are met.
Capital work-in-progress comprises cost of Property, Plant and Equipment that are not yet installed and ready for their intended use at the balance sheet date.
Derecognition
An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.
Depreciation
Depreciation is calculated on a written down value basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as prescribed under Part C of Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 except for the assets mentioned below for which useful lives estimated by the management. The Identified component of fixed assets are depreciated over their useful lives and the remaining components are depreciated over the life of the principal assets. The management believes that these estimated useful lives are realistic and reflect fair approximation of the period over which the assets are likely to be used.
Plant and Machinery & Road has been depreciated on straight line basis over the useful lives as prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.
Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.
g. Investment Properties
Investment properties are measured initially at cost, including transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss, if any.
The cost includes the cost of replacing parts and borrowing costs for long-term construction projects if the recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of the property are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company depreciates them separately based on their specific useful lives. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognised in profit or loss as incurred.
Depreciation on Investment property is provided on the written down value basis over useful lives of the assets as prescribed under Part C of Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.
Though the Company measures investment property using cost based measurement, the fair value of investment property is disclosed in the notes. Fair values are determined based on an annual evaluation performed by an accredited external independent valuer applying a valuation model recommended by the International Valuation Standards Committee.
An investment property is derecognised on disposal or on permanently withdrawal from use or when no future economic benefits are expected from its disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.
h. Intangible Assets
Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
Amortisation
Intangible assets are amortized on straight line basis over their individual respective useful life. The management estimates the useful life of assets as under:
i. Borrowing Costs
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.
j. Leases
The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfillment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.
Company as a Lessee
A lease is classified at the inception date as a finance lease or an operating lease. A lease that transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the company is classified as a finance lease.
Finance leases are capitalised at the commencement of the lease at the inception date fair value of the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are recognised in finance costs in the statement of profit and loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case they are capitalized in accordance with the Companyâs general policy on the borrowing costs. Contingent rentals are recognised as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.
A leased asset is depreciated over the useful life of the asset. However, if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term, the asset is depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease term.
An operating lease is a lease other than a finance lease. Operating lease payments are recognised as an operating expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term except the case where incremental lease reflects inflationary effect and lease expense is accounted in such case by actual rent for the period.
Company as a lessor
Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Rental income from operating lease is recognised on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease except the case where incremental lease reflects inflationary effect and lease expense is accounted in such case by actual rent for the period. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognised over the lease term on the same basis as rental income. Contingent rents are recognised as revenue in the period in which they are earned. Leases are classified as finance leases when substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership transfered from the Company to the lessee. Amounts due from lessees under finance leases are recorded as receivables at the Companyâs net investment in the leases. Finance lease income is allocated to accounting periods so as to reflect a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment outstanding in respect of the lease.
k. Inventories
Raw Material and stores, work in progress, traded and finished goods are stated at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of raw material and traded goods comprises cost of purchases, cost of work in progress and finished goods comprises direct materials, appropriate share of labour and manufacturing overheads and valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of inventories also includes all other cost incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost of purchase inventory is determined after deducting rebate and discounts. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated cost necessary to make the sale.
l. Impairment of Non-Financial Assets
The Management periodically assesses using, external and internal sources, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying value of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is higher of the assetâs net selling price or value in use, which means the present value of future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of the asset and its eventual disposal. An impairment loss for an asset is reversed if, and only if, the reversal can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized. The carrying amount of an asset is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any accumulated amortization or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.
m. Provisions General
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the Company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed, the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset, but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss net of any reimbursement.
If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.
Warranty provisions
Product warranty expenses are estimated by the management on the basis of technical evaluation and past experience. Provision is made for estimated liability in respect of warranty cost in the period of recognition of revenue.
n. Employee benefits
a) Short Term Employee Benefits
Short term employee benefits are recognised as an expense at the undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services rendered by the employee to the company.
b) Post-Employment Benefits
(i) Defined contribution plan
These are plans in which the company pays pre-defined amounts to separate funds and does not have any legal or informal obligation to pay additional sums. These comprises of contribution to Employee Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund. The Company payments to the defined contribution plans are reported as expenses during the period in which the employee performs the services that the payment covers.
(ii) Defined benefit plan
Expenses for defined gratuity payment plans are calculated as at the balance sheet date by independent actuaries in the manner that distributes expenses over the employees working life. These commitments are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a discounted rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the actuary having regard to the interest rate on government bonds with a remaining term i.e. almost equivalent to the average balance working period of the employees.
Remeasurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognized immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.
Past service costs are recognised in profit or loss on the earlier of;
- The date of the plan amendment or curtailment, and
- The date that the Company recognises related restructuring costs;
- Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The Company recognises the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the Statement of profit and loss;
- Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailments and non-routine settlements; and
- Net interest expense or income.
Other long term employment benefits:
The employeeâs long term compensated absences are Companyâs defined benefit plans. The present value of the obligation is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method as at the date of the Balance Sheet. In case of funded plans, the fair value of plan asset is reduced from the gross obligation, to recognise the obligation on the net basis.
o. Financial Instruments
Financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
Financial Assets
Initial recognition and measurement
All financial assets, except investment in Associates and Tax Free Bonds, are recognised initially at fair value, through profit & loss account. In the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, are recognised at transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial assets.
Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular way trades) are recognised on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset.
Subsequent Measurement
For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in four categories:
(a) Financial assets at amortised cost
(b) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
(c) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
(d) Equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
Financial assets at amortised cost
A financial assets is measured at the amortised cost if:
a) the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows, and
b) the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.
After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included in finance income in the profit or loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the profit or loss.
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income A financial asset is measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if:
(a) the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets, and
(b) the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.
Financial assets included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (OCI).
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
FVTPL is a residual category for financial assets. Any financial asset, which does not meet the criteria for categorization as at amortized cost or as FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL.
In addition, the Company may elect to designate a financial asset, which otherwise meets amortized cost or fair value through other comprehensive income criteria, as at fair value through profit or loss. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as âaccounting mismatchâ).The Company has other investments at FVTPL.
After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value with all changes recognised in Statement of profit and loss.
Equity investments
All equity investments in scope of Ind-AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.
If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to P&L, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.
Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the P&L.
Derecognition of financial assets
A financial asset is derecognised when:
(a) the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or
(b) The Company has transferred its contractual rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a âpass-throughâ arrangement; and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.
When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Companyâs continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.
Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.
Loans and Borrowings
After initial recognition, interest-bearing borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the EIR amortisation process.
Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss. This category generally applies to borrowings.
Financial guarantee contracts
Financial guarantee contracts issued by the Company are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified debtor fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognised initially as a liability at fair value, adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of loss allowance determined as per impairment requirements of Ind AS 109 and the amount recognised less cumulative amortisation.
Derecognition
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.
p. Hedge Accounting
For the purpose of hedge accounting, hedges are classified as:
- Fair value hedges when hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognised asset or liability or an unrecognised firm commitment,
- Cash flow hedges when hedging the exposure to variability in cash flows that is either attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognised asset or liability or a highly probable forecast transaction or the foreign currency risk in an unrecognised firm commitment.
At the inception of a hedge relationship, the Company formally designates and documents the hedge relationship to which the Company wishes to apply hedge accounting and the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge. The documentation includes the groupâs risk management objective and strategy for undertaking hedge, the hedging/ economic relationship, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged, hedge ratio and how the entity will assess the effectiveness of changes in the hedging instrumentâs fair value in offsetting the exposure to changes in the hedged itemâs fair value or cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. Such hedges are expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows and are assessed on an ongoing basis to determine that they actually have been highly effective throughout the financial reporting periods for which they were designated.
Hedges that meet the strict criteria for hedge accounting are accounted for, as described below:
(i) Fair Value Hedges
The change in the fair value of a hedging instrument is recognised in the statement of profit and loss. The change in the fair value of the hedged item attributable to the risk hedged is recorded as part of the carrying value of the hedged item and is also recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
(ii) Cash Flow Hedges
The effective portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognised in OCI in the cash flow hedge reserve, while any ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss.
Amounts recognised as OCI are transferred to profit or loss when the hedged transaction affects profit or loss, such as when the hedged financial income or financial expense is recognised or when a forecast sale occurs. When the hedged item is the cost of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability, the amounts recognised as OCI are transferred to the initial carrying amount of the non-financial asset or liability.
If the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated or exercised without replacement or rollover (as part of the hedging strategy), or if its designation as a hedge is revoked, or when the hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, any cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI remains separately in equity until the forecast transaction occurs or the foreign currency firm commitment is met. q. Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalent in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term deposits, as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts as they are considered an integral part of the Companyâs cash management. r. Dividend Distribution
The Company recognizes a liability to make cash or non-cash distributions to equity holders of the parent when the distribution is authorized and the distribution is no longer at the discretion of the Company. As per the corporate laws in India, a distribution is authorized when it is approved by the shareholders. A corresponding amount is recognized directly in equity.
Non-cash distributions are measured at the fair value of the assets to be distributed with fair value re-measurement recognised directly in equity.
Upon distribution of non-cash assets, any difference between the carrying amount of the liability and the carrying amount of the assets distributed is recognised in the statement of profit and loss. s. Earnings Per Share
Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the profit / loss for the year attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year.
Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing the profit / loss attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year plus the weighted average number of ordinary shares that would be issued on conversion of all the dilutive potential ordinary shares into ordinary shares.
Mar 31, 2017
NOTES TO STANDALONE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31st MARCH, 2017
1. CORPORATE INFORMATION
Eimco Elecon (India) Limited is a public company domiciled in India incorporated in 1974 under the provisions of the Companies Act applicable in India. Its shares are listed on two recognized stock exchanges in India. The registered office of the company is located at Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat. The Company is principally engaged in the business of Manufacturing of Equipment for Mining and Construction sectors.
The financial statements were authorized for issue in accordance with a resolution of the Board of Directors on 18th May, 2017.
2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
2.1 BASIS OF PREPARATION
The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015.
For all periods up to and including the year ended 31-March-2016, the Company prepared its financial statements in accordance accounting standards notified under the section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read together with paragraph 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 (Indian GAAP). These financial statements for the year ended 31-March-2017 are the first the Company has prepared in accordance with Ind AS. Refer to note 35 for information on how the Company adopted Ind AS.
The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the following assets which have been measured at fair value or revalued amount:
- Certain financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value (refer accounting policy regarding financial instruments),
- Defined benefit plans - plan assets measured at fair value
The financial statements are presented in INR and all values are rounded to the nearest lakh (INR 00,000), except when otherwise indicated.
2.2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
a. Current Versus Non-current Classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification.
An asset is treated as current when it is:
- Expected to be realized or intended to be sold or consumed in the normal operating cycle;
- Held primarily for the purpose of trading;
- Expected to be realized within twelve months after the reporting period; or
- Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is current when:
- It is expected to be settled in the normal operating cycle;
- It is held primarily for the purpose of trading;
- It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period; or
- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.
Operating Cycle
Operating cycle of the Company is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash or cash equivalents. As the Company''s normal operating cycle is not clearly identifiable, it is assumed to be twelve months.
b. Foreign Currencies
The Company''s financial statements are presented in INR, which is also the company''s functional currency.
Transactions and balances
Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded by the company''s functional currency spot rates at the date the transaction first qualifies for recognition.
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the functional currency spot rates of exchange at the reporting date. Differences arising on settlement of such transaction and on translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rate are recognized in profit or loss. They are deferred in equity if they relate to qualifying cash flow hedges.
Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions. Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value is determined. The gain or loss arising on translation of non-monetary items measured at fair value is treated in line with the recognition of the gain or loss on the change in fair value of the item (i.e., translation differences on items whose fair value gain or loss is recognized in OCI or profit or loss are also recognized in OCI or profit or loss, respectively).
c. Fair Value Measurement
The Company measures financial instruments at fair value at each balance sheet date.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:
- In the principal market for the asset or liability
Or
- In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.
The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.
A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant''s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:
- Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
- Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.
- Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.
For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period. Management determines the policies and procedures for both recurring fair value measurement and non recurring fair value measurement.
External values are involved for valuation of significant assets, such as properties and Involvement of external valuers is decided upon the Management. Selection criteria include market knowledge, reputation, independence and whether professional standards are maintained. The Management decides, after discussions with the Company''s external valuers, which valuation techniques and inputs to use for each case.
At each reporting date, Management analyses the movements in the values of assets and liabilities which are required to be remeasured or re-assessed as per the Company''s accounting policies. For this analysis, Management verifies the major inputs applied in the latest valuation by agreeing the information in the valuation computation to contracts and other relevant documents.
For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.
This note summarizes accounting policy for fair value. Other fair value related disclosures are given in the relevant notes.
- Significant accounting judgmentsâ, estimates and assumptions (Note No. 2.3)
- Quantitative disclosures of fair value measurement hierarchy (Note No. 26)
- Investment properties (Note No. 2.2 (g) & Note No. 4)
- Financial instrument (Note No. 2.2 (o))
d. Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is being made. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment and excluding taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government.
The specific recognition criteria described below must also be met before revenue is recognized.
Sale of goods
Sales are stated net of rebate and trade discount and exclude Central Sales Tax, State Value Added tax. With regard to sale of product, income is reported when significant risks and rewards connected with the ownership have been transferred to the buyers. This usually occurs upon dispatch, after the price has been determined. The Company provides normal warranty provisions for general repairs for 12-18 months on all its products sold, in line with the industry practice. A liability is recognized at the time the product is sold - see Note 15 for more information. The Company does not provide any extended warranties or maintenance contracts to its customers.
Interest income
For all debt instruments measured either at amortized cost, interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR). EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset or to the amortized cost of a financial liability. Interest income is included in other income in the statement of profit and loss.
Rental Income
Rental income arising from operating leases on investment properties is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the lease terms except the case where incremental lease reflects inflationary effect and rental income is accounted in such case by actual rent for the period.
Dividend Income
Income from dividend on investments is accrued in the year in which it is declared, whereby right to receive is established.
e. Taxes
Current Income Tax
Current Income Tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities.
Current income tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Current tax items are recognized in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.
Deferred Tax
Deferred tax is recognized using the balance sheet approach. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.
Deferred tax asset is recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.
f. Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Such cost includes the cost of replacing part of the plant and equipment and borrowing costs for long-term construction projects if the recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of Property, plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company recognizes such parts as individual assets with specific useful lives and depreciates them accordingly. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognized in profit or loss as incurred. The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision are met.
Capital work-in-progress comprises cost of Property, Plant and Equipment that are not yet installed and ready for their intended use at the balance sheet date.
Derecognition
An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognized.
Depreciation
Depreciation is calculated on a written down value basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as prescribed under Part C of Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 except for the assets mentioned below for which useful lives estimated by the management. The identified component of fixed assets are depreciated over their useful lives and the remaining components are depreciated over the life of the principal assets. The management believes that these estimated useful lives are realistic and reflect fair approximation of the period over which the assets are likely to be used.
Plant and Machinery & Road has been depreciated on straight line basis over the useful lives as prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.
Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.
Transition to Ind AS
On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to measure certain items of property, plant and equipment at fair value as at 01-April-2015 and used that fair value as deemed cost of the property, plant and equipment.
g. Investment Properties
Investment properties are measured initially at cost, including transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss, if any.
The cost includes the cost of replacing parts and borrowing costs for long-term construction projects if the recognition criteria are met. When significant parts of the property are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company depreciates them separately based on their specific useful lives. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognized in profit or loss as incurred.
Depreciation on Investment property is provided on the written down value basis over useful lives of the assets as prescribed under Part C of Schedule II to the Companies Act 2013
Though the Company measures investment property using cost based measurement, the fair value of investment property is disclosed in the notes. Fair values are determined based on an annual evaluation performed by an accredited external independent valuer applying a valuation model recommended by the International Valuation Standards Committee.
An investment property is derecognized on disposal or on permanently withdrawal from use or when no future economic benefits are expected from its disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognized.
Transition to Ind AS
Since there is no change in functional currency, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its Investment properties as at the date of transition measured as per the previous GAAP and used that as deemed cost after making necessary adjustments for decommissioning liability, if any, as at the date of transition i.e. 01-April-2015.
h. Intangible Assets
Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
Amortization
Intangible assets are amortized on straight line basis over their individual respective useful life. The management estimates the useful life of assets as under:
Assets |
Year |
Technical Knowhow |
7 years |
Software |
7 years |
Transition to Ind AS
On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its Intangible assets as at the date of transition measured as per the previous GAAP and used that as deemed cost after making necessary adjustments for decommissioning liability, if any, as at the date of transition i.e. 01-April-2015.
i. Borrowing Costs
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.
j. Leases
The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfillment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.
Company as a Lessee
A lease is classified at the inception date as a finance lease or an operating lease. A lease that transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the company is classified as a finance lease.
Finance leases are capitalised at the commencement of the lease at the inception date fair value of the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are recognized in finance costs in the statement of profit and loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case they are capitalized in accordance with the Company''s general policy on the borrowing costs. Contingent rentals are recognized as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.
A leased asset is depreciated over the useful life of the asset. However, if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term, the asset is depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease term.
An operating lease is a lease other than a finance lease. Operating lease payments are recognized as an operating expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term except the case where incremental lease reflects inflationary effect and lease expense is accounted in such case by actual rent for the period.
Company as a lessor
Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Rental income from operating lease is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease except the case where incremental lease reflects inflationary effect and lease expense is accounted in such case by actual rent for the period. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognized over the lease term on the same basis as rental income. Contingent rents are recognized as revenue in the period in which they are earned. Leases are classified as finance leases when substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership transfer from the Company to the lessee. Amounts due from lessees under finance leases are recorded as receivables at the
Company''s net investment in the leases. Finance lease income is allocated to accounting periods so as to reflect a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment outstanding in respect of the lease.
k. Inventories
Raw Material and stores, work in progress, traded and finished goods are stated at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of raw material and traded goods comprises cost of purchases. Cost of work in progress and finished goods comprises direct materials, appropriate share of labour and manufacturing overheads and valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of inventories also includes all other cost incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost of purchase inventory is determined after deducting rebate and discounts.
Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated cost necessary to make the sale.
l. Impairment of Non-Financial Assets
The Management periodically assesses using, external and internal sources, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying value of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is higher of the asset''s net selling price or value in use, which means the present value of future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of the asset and its eventual disposal. An impairment loss for an asset is reversed if, and only if, the reversal can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized. The carrying amount of an asset is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any accumulated amortization or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.
m. Provisions General
Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. When the Company expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed, the reimbursement is recognized as a separate asset, but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to a provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss net of any reimbursement.
If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as a finance cost.
Warranty provisions
Product warranty expenses are estimated by the management on the basis of technical evaluation and past experience. Provision is made for estimated liability in respect of warranty cost in the period of recognition of revenue.
n. Employee benefits
a) Short Term Employee Benefits
Short term employee benefits are recognized as expense at the undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services rendered by the employee to the company.
b) Post-Employment Benefits
(i) Defined contribution plan
These are plan in which the company pays pre-defined amounts to separate funds and does not have any legal or informal obligation to pay additional sums. These comprise of contribution to Employee provident fund and superannuation fund. The Company payments to the defined contribution plans are reported as expenses during the period in which the employee performs the services that the payment covers.
(ii) Defined benefit plan
Expenses for defined gratuity payment plans are calculated as at the balance sheet date by independent actuaries in the manner that distributes expenses over the employees working life. These commitments are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a discounted rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the actuary having regard to the interest rate on government bonds with a remaining term i.e. almost equivalent to the average balance working period of the employees.
Remeasurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability), are recognized immediately in the balance sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.
Past service costs are recognized in profit or loss on the earlier of;
- The date of the plan amendment or curtailment, and
- The date that the Company recognizes related restructuring costs;
Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The Company recognizes the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the Statement of profit and loss;
- Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailments and non-routine settlements; and
- Net interest expense or income.
Other long term employment benefits:
The employee''s long term compensated absences are Company''s defined benefit plans. The present value of the obligation is determined based on the actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method as at the date of the Balance sheet. In case of funded plans, the fair value of plan asset is reduced from the gross obligation, to recognise the obligation on the net basis. o. Financial Instruments
Financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
Financial Assets
Initial recognition and measurement
All financial assets, except investment in associates, are recognized initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial assets.
Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular way trades) are recognized on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset.
Subsequent Measurement
For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in four categories:
(a) Financial assets at amortized cost
(b) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
(c) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
(d) Equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
Financial assets at amortized cost
A financial assets is measured at the amortized cost if:
a) The financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows, and
b) The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.
After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included in finance income in the profit or loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognized in the profit or loss.
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
A financial asset is measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if:
(a) The financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets, and
(b) The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.
Financial assets included within the FVTOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (OCI).
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
FVTPL is a residual category for financial assets. Any financial asset, which does not meet the criteria for categorization as at amortized cost or as FVTOCI, is classified as at FVTPL.
In addition, the Company may elect to designate a financial asset, which otherwise meets amortized cost or fair value through other comprehensive income criteria, as at fair value through profit or loss. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ''accounting mismatch'').The Company has other investments at FVTPL.
After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value with all changes recognized in Statement of profit and loss.
Equity investments
All equity investments in scope of Ind-AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments, the Company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.
If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVTOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognized in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to P&L, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity.
Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognized in the P&L.
Derecognition of financial assets
A financial asset is derecognized when:
(a) The contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or
(b) The Company has transferred its contractual rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ''pass-through'' arrangement; and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.
When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognize the transferred asset to the extent of the Company''s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognizes an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.
Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.
Loans and Borrowings
After initial recognition, interest-bearing borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the EIR amortization process.
Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss. This category generally applies to borrowings.
Financial guarantee contracts
Financial guarantee contracts issued by the Company are those contracts that require a payment to be made to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified debtor fails to make a payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. Financial guarantee contracts are recognized initially as a liability at fair value, adjusted for transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the higher of the amount of loss allowance determined as per impairment requirements of Ind AS 109 and the amount recognized less cumulative amortization.
Derecognition
A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of profit or loss.
p. Hedge Accounting
For the purpose of hedge accounting, hedges are classified as:
- Fair value hedges when hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or an unrecognized firm commitment.
- Cash flow hedges when hedging the exposure to variability in cash flows that is either attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognized asset or liability or a highly probable forecast transaction or the foreign currency risk in an unrecognized firm commitment.
At the inception of a hedge relationship, the Company formally designates and documents the hedge relationship to which the Company wishes to apply hedge accounting and the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge. The documentation includes the Company''s risk management objective and strategy for undertaking hedge, the hedging/ economic relationship, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged, hedge ratio and how the entity will assess the effectiveness of changes in the hedging instrument''s fair value in offsetting the exposure to changes in the hedged item''s fair value or cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. Such hedges are expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows and are assessed on an ongoing basis to determine that they actually have been highly effective throughout the financial reporting periods for which they were designated.
Hedges that meet the strict criteria for hedge accounting are accounted for, as described below:
(i) Fair Value Hedges
The change in the fair value of a hedging instrument is recognized in the statement of profit and loss. The change in the fair value of the hedged item attributable to the risk hedged is recorded as part of the carrying value of the hedged item and is also recognized in the statement of profit and loss.
(ii) Cash Flow Hedges
The effective portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognized in OCI in the cash flow hedge reserve, while any ineffective portion is recognized immediately in the statement of profit and loss.
Amounts recognized as OCI are transferred to profit or loss when the hedged transaction affects profit or loss, such as when the hedged financial income or financial expense is recognized or when a forecast sale occurs. When the hedged item is the cost of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability, the amounts recognized as OCI are transferred to the initial carrying amount of the non-financial asset or liability.
If the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated or exercised without replacement or rollover (as part of the hedging strategy), or if its designation as a hedge is revoked, or when the hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, any cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in OCI remains separately in equity until the forecast transaction occurs or the foreign currency firm commitment is met.
q. Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalent in the balance sheet comprises cash at banks and on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term deposits, as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts as they are considered an integral part of the Company''s cash management.
r. Dividend Distribution
The Company recognizes a liability to make cash or non-cash distributions to equity holders of the Company when the distribution is authorized and the distribution is no longer at the discretion of the Company. As per the corporate laws in India, a distribution is authorized when it is approved by the shareholders. A corresponding amount is recognized directly in equity.
Non-cash distributions are measured at the fair value of the assets to be distributed with fair value re-measurement recognized directly in equity.
Upon distribution of non-cash assets, any difference between the carrying amount of the liability and the carrying amount of the assets distributed is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.
s. Earnings Per Share
Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the profit / loss for the year attributable to ordinary equity holders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year.
Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing the profit / loss attributable to ordinary equity holders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year plus the weighted average number of ordinary shares that would be issued on conversion of all the dilutive potential ordinary shares into ordinary shares
Mar 31, 2016
1. COMPANY OVERVIEW
Eimco Elecon (India) Limited (the Company) is situated at Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat-388120. The Company was incorporated in 1974 and is engaged in the business of Manufacturing of Equipments for Mining and Construction sector.
2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
2.1 BASIS OF ACCOUNTING
The Financial Statements are prepared as per historical cost convention and in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India and comply with the Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014. All Income and Expenditures having material bearing on the Financial Statements are recognized on accrual basis.
2.2 USE OF ESTIMATES
The presentation of the Financial Statements in conformity with the Generally Accepted Accounting policies requires, the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of Assets and Liabilities, Revenues and Expenses and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Such estimation and assumptions are based on managementâs evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as on date of Financial Statements. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialized.
2.3 FIXED ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION
Fixed Assets are recorded at cost of acquisition / construction less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Cost Comprises of purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use, but excluding Cenvat / Service Tax / VAT credit availed. Where the construction or development of any such asset requiring a substantial period of time to set up for its intended use, is funded by borrowings if any, the corresponding borrowing cost are capitalized up to the date when the asset is ready for its intended use.
In respect of fixed assets (other than Plant & Machinery, Road & Technical Knowhow) acquired during the year, depreciation/ amortization is charged on a written down value basis so as to write off the cost of the assets over the useful lives as prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 and for the assets acquired prior to 1st April, 2014 the carrying amount as on April 1st, 2014 is depreciated over the remaining useful life of the assets.
Plant & Machinery & Road has been depreciated on straight-line basis over the useful lives as prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.
Leasehold Land is amortized over the period of lease.
Fixed assets individually costing Rs 5,000/- or less are fully depreciated in the year of purchase/ installation. Depreciation on additions and disposals during the current reporting period is provided on a pro-rata basis.
Intangible assets are shown at Cost of Acquisition less accumulated amortization. Intangible assets are amortized on straight line basis over their individual respective useful life. The management estimates the useful life of the assets as under:
Assets Year
Technical Know How 7 Years
2.4 INVESTMENTS
Investments, which are expected to be realized within twelve months from the Balance Sheet date, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as non-current investments.
Current Investments are carried at the lower of cost and fair market value of each investment individually. Non-current investments are carried at cost less provision for diminution other than temporary, in value if any as at the Balance Sheet date.
Investment in buildings that are not intended to be occupied substantially for use by, or in the operations of the Company, have been classified as investment property. Investments properties are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation.
2.5 INVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at Cost or Net Realizable Value whichever is lower after considering credit of VAT and Cenvat. Cost of Raw-Material, Spares and Components is determined on weighted average cost.
Cost of Work-in-progress includes cost of raw material, appropriate share of labour and manufacturing overheads and valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Finished Goods are valued at the lower of Cost including excise duty payable thereon and net realizable value.
2.6 REVENUE RECOGNITION
Sales are stated net of rebate and trade discount and exclude Central Sales Tax, State Value Added Tax. With regard to sale of products, income is reported when significant risks and rewards connected with the ownership have been transferred to the buyers. This usually occurs upon dispatch, after the price has been determined.
Export incentives are accounted for as and when the claims thereof have been admitted by the authorities.
Dividend Income is accounted when the right to receive the dividend is established.
Revenue in respect of other income is recognized when a reasonable certainty as to its realization is exits.
2.7 OPERATING LEASE
Leases, where the less or effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased items, are classified as operating leases.
Lease revenue and Lease expenses under operating Lease are recognized on straight-line basis over the period of lease.
2.8 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
(a) Short Term
Short-term employee benefits are recognized as an expense at the undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services rendered by the employees to the Company.
(b) Long Term
The Company has both defined contribution and defined benefit plans, of which some have assets in approved funds. These plans are financed by the Company in the case of defined contribution Plans.
(c) Defined Contribution Plans
These are plans in which the Company pays pre-defined amounts to separate funds and does not have any legal or informal obligation to pay additional sums. These comprise of contributions to Employees Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund. The Companyâs payments to the defined contribution plans are reported as expenses during the period in which the employee performs the services that the payment covers.
(d) Defined Benefit Plans
Expenses for defined benefit gratuity payment plans are calculated as at the Balance Sheet date by independent actuaries in the manner that distributes expenses over the employees working life. These commitments are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a discounted rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the actuary having regard to the interest rate on Government Bonds with a remaining term i.e. almost equivalent to the average balance working period of employees.
(e) Other Employee Benefits
Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried to future periods but are expected to be encased or availed in twelve months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses during the year in which the employees perform the services that the benefit covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted amount of the benefits after deducting amounts already paid.
2.9 EXCISE DUTY
Excise duty payable on production and custom duty payable on imports are included in the value of finished goods, both in respect of goods cleared and lying in Bonded warehouse.
2.10 FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
Foreign Currency transaction are recorded in the reporting currency by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transactions.
Foreign Currency Monetary items are reported using the closing rate. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of transaction. Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or/on reporting the companyâs monetary items at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded during the year or reported in previous financial statements are recognized as income or as expense in the year in which they arise.
Monetary assets & liabilities denominated in foreign currency remaining unsettled at the year-end are translated at closing rates.
The premium or discount arising at inception of forward exchange contract is amortized as expense or income over the life of the contract. Exchange difference on such contract is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
2.11 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES
All revenue expenditure related to R&D, including expenses in relation to development of product/ processes is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which it is incurred.
Capital expenditure on research and development is classified separately under tangible/intangible assets and depreciated on the same basis as other fixed assets.
2.12 BORROWING COSTS
Borrowing costs are recognized in the period to which they relate, regardless of how the funds have been utilized, except where it relates to the financing of construction or development of assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended future use. Interest on borrowings if any is capitalized up to the date when the asset is ready for its intended use. The amount of interest capitalized for the period is determined by applying the interest rate applicable to appropriate borrowings.
2.13 TAXATION
Provision for Current Tax is made as per the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Deferred Tax resulting from âtiming differences that are temporary in natureâ between accounting and taxable profit is accounted for, using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted as on the Balance Sheet date. The deferred tax asset is recognized and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable or virtual certainty, as the case may be, that the asset will be realized in future.
2.14 EARNINGS PER SHARE
The basic Earnings per Share is calculated by dividing the Net Profit or Loss for the year attributable to Equity Shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the current reporting period.
Diluted Earnings per Share is calculated by dividing net profit attributable to equity Shareholders (after adjustment for diluted earnings) by average number of weighted equity shares outstanding during the current reporting period.
2.15 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash and Cash equivalents comprise cash and balance with banks. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with the remaining maturity at the date of purchase of three months or less and that are readily convertible to known amount of cash to be cash equivalent.
2.16 CASH FLOW STATEMENT
The Cash Flow Statement is prepared by the âindirect methodâ set out in Accounting Standard-3 on âCash Flow Statementsâ and presents the cash flows by operating, investing and financing activities of the Company.
2.17 IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
The carrying value of assets of the Companyâs cash generating units is reviewed for impairment annually or more often if there is an indication of decline in value. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amounts of those assets are estimated and impairment loss is recognized, if the carrying amount of those assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the estimated future cash flows to their present value based on appropriate discount factor.
2.18 PRODUCT WARRANTY EXPENSES
Product warranty expenses are estimated by the Management on the basis of technical evaluation and past experience. Provision is made for estimated liability in respect of warranty cost in the period of recognition of revenue.
2.19 PROVISION, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS
A provision is recognized when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding long-term benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligations as at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the notes to the Financial Statements. A contingent asset is neither recognized nor disclosed.
Mar 31, 2015
1.1 BASIS OF ACCOUNTING
The Financial Statements are prepared as per historical cost convention
and in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in
India and comply with the Accounting Standards specified under Section
133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read with Rule 7 of the Companies
(Accounts) Rules, 2014. All Income and Expenditures having material
bearing on the Financial Statements are recognized on accrual basis.
1.2 USE OF ESTIMATES
The presentation of the Financial Statements in conformity with the
Generally Accepted Accounting policies requires, the management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of Assets and
Liabilities, Revenues and Expenses and disclosure of contingent
liabilities. Such estimation and assumptions are based on management's
evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as on date of Financial
Statements. Difference between the actual results and estimates are
recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialized.
1.3 FIXED ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION
Fixed Assets are recorded at cost of acquisition / construction less
accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Cost Comprises
of purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to
its working condition for its intended use, but excluding Cenvat /
Service Tax / VAT credit availed. Where the construction or development
of any such asset requiring a substantial period of time to set up for
its intended use, is funded by borrowings if any, the corresponding
borrowing cost are capitalized up to the date when the asset is ready
for its intended use.
In respect of fixed assets (other than Plant & Machinery, Road &
Technical Know how) acquired during the year, depreciation/
amortisation is charged on a written down value basis so as to write
off the cost of the assets over the useful lives as prescribed in
Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 and for the assets acquired
prior to 1st April, 2014, the carrying amount as on 1st April, 2014 is
depreciated over the remaining useful life of the assets.
Plant & Machinery & Road has been depreciated on straight-line basis
over the useful lives as prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies
Act, 2013.
Leasehold Land is amortized over the period of lease.
Fixed assets individually costing Rs. 5,000/- or less are fully
depreciated in the year of purchase/installation. Depreciation on
additions and disposals during the current reporting period is provided
on a pro-rata basis.
Intangible assets are shown at Cost of Acquisition less accumulated
amortization. Intangible assets are amortized on straight line basis
over their individual respective useful life. The management estimates
the useful life of the assets as under:
Assets Year
Technical Know How 7 Years
1.4 INVESTMENTS
Investments, which are expected to be realized within twelve months
from the Balance Sheet date, are classified as current investments. All
other investments are classified as non-current investments.
Current Investments are carried at the lower of cost and fair market
value of each investment individually. Non-current investments are
carried at cost less provision for diminution other than temporary, in
value if any as at the Balance Sheet date.
Investment in buildings that are not intended to be occupied
substantially for use by, or in the operations of the Company, have
been classified as investment property. Investments properties are
carried at cost less accumulated depreciation.
1.5 INVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at Cost or Net Realizable Value whichever is
lower after considering credit of VAT and Cenvat. Cost of
Raw-Material, Spares and Components is determined on weighted average
cost.
Cost of Work-in-progress includes cost of raw material, appropriate
share of labour and manufacturing overheads and valued at the lower of
cost and net realizable value.
Finished Goods are valued at the lower of Cost including excise duty
payable thereon and Net realizable value.
1.6 REVENUE RECOGNITION
Sales are stated net of rebate and trade discount and exclude Central
Sales Tax, State Value Added Tax. With regard to sale of products,
income is reported when significant risks and rewards connected with
the ownership have been transferred to the buyers. This usually occurs
upon dispatch, after the price has been determined.
Export incentives are accounted for as and when the claims thereof have
been admitted by the authorities.
Dividend Income is accounted when the right to receive the dividend is
established.
Revenue in respect of other income is recognized when a reasonable
certainty as to its realization is exits.
1.7 OPERATING LEASE
Leases, where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the
risks and benefits of ownership of the leased items, are classified as
operating leases.
Lease revenue and Lease expenses under operating Lease are recognized
on straight-line basis over the period of lease.
1.8 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
(a) Short Term
Short-term employee benefits are recognized as an expense at the
undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services
rendered by the employees to the Company.
(b) Long Term
The Company has both defined contribution and defined benefit plans, of
which some have assets in approved funds. These plans are financed by
the Company in the case of defined contribution Plans.
(c) Defined Contribution Plans
These are plans in which the Company pays pre-defined amounts to
separate funds and does not have any legal or informal obligation to
pay additional sums. These comprise of contributions to Employees
Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund. The Company's payments to the
defined contribution plans are reported as expenses during the period
in which the employee performs the services that the payment covers.
(d) Defined Benefit Plans
Expenses for defined benefit gratuity payment plans are calculated as
at the Balance Sheet date by independent actuaries in the manner that
distributes expenses over the employees working life. These commitments
are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with
consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a
discounted rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the
actuary having regard to the interest rate on Government Bonds with a
remaining term i.e. almost equivalent to the average balance working
period of employees.
(e) Other Employee Benefits
Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried
to future periods but are expected to been cashed or availed in twelve
months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses
during the year in which the employees perform the services that the
benefit covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted
amount of the benefits after deducting amounts already paid.
1.9 EXCISE DUTY
Excise duty payable on production and custom duty payable on imports
are included in the value of finished goods, both in respect of goods
cleared and lying in Bonded warehouse.
1.10 FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
Foreign Currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency by
applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the
reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transactions.
Foreign Currency Monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
Non Monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at
the date of transaction. Exchange differences arising on the
settlement of monetary items or/on reporting a company's monetary items
at rates different from those at which they were initially recorded
during the year or reported in previous financial statements are
recognized as income or as expense in the year in which they arise.
Monetary assets & liabilities denominated in foreign currency remaining
unsettled at the year-end are translated at closing rates.
The premium or discount arising at inception of forward exchange
contract is amortized as expense or income over the life of the
contract. Exchange difference on such contract is recognized in the
Statement of Profit and Loss.
1.11 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES
All revenue expenditure related to R&D including expenses in relation
to development of product/ processes is charged to the Statement of
Profit and Loss in the period in which it is incurred.
Capital expenditure on research and development is classified
separately under tangible/intangible assets and depreciated on the same
basis as other fixed assets.
1.12 BORROWING COSTS
Borrowing costs are recognized in the period to which they relate,
regardless of how the funds have been utilized, except where it relates
to the financing of construction or development of assets requiring a
substantial period of time to prepare for their intended future use.
Interest on borrowings if any is capitalized up to the date when the
asset is ready for its intended use. The amount of interest capitalized
for the period is determined by applying the interest rate applicable
to appropriate borrowings.
1.13 TAXATION
Provision for Current Tax is made as per the provisions of the Income
Tax Act, 1961.
Deferred Tax resulting from "timing differences that are temporary in
nature" between accounting and taxable profit is accounted for, using
the tax rates and laws that have been enacted as on the Balance Sheet
date. The deferred tax asset is recognized and carried forward only to
the extent that there is a reasonable or virtual certainty, as the case
may be, that the asset will be realized in future.
1.14 EARNINGS PER SHARE
The basic Earnings per Share is calculated by dividing the Net Profit
or Loss for the year attributable to Equity Shareholders by the
weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the current
reporting period.
Diluted Earnings per Share is calculated by dividing net profit
attributable to equity Shareholders (after adjustment for diluted
earnings) by average number of weighted equity shares outstanding
during the current reporting period.
1.15 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash and Cash equivalents comprise cash and balance with banks. The
Company considers all highly liquid investments with the remaining
maturity at the date of purchase of three months or less and that are
readily convertible to known amount of cash to be cash equivalent.
1.16 CASH FLOW STATEMENT
The Cash Flow Statement is prepared under the "indirect method" set out
in Accounting Standard-3 on "Cash Flow Statements" and presents the
cash flows by operating, investing and financing activities of the
Company.
1.17 IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
The carrying value of assets of the Company's cash generating units is
reviewed for impairment annually or more often if there is an
indication of decline in value. If any indication of such impairment
exists, the recoverable amounts of those assets are estimated and
impairment loss is recognized, if the carrying amount of those assets
exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater
of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is
arrived at by discounting the estimated future cash flows to their
present value based on appropriate discount factor.
1.18 PRODUCT WARRANTY EXPENSES
Product warranty expenses are estimated by the management on the basis
of technical evaluation and past experience. Provision is made for
estimated liability in respect of warranty cost in the period of
recognition of revenue.
1.19 PROVISION, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS
A provision is recognized when the Company has a present legal or
constructive obligation as a result of past event and it is probable
that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation,
in respect of which reliable estimate can be made. Provisions
(excluding long-term benefits) are not discounted to its present value
and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the
obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each
balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the
notes to the Financial Statements. A contingent asset is neither
recognized nor disclosed.
Mar 31, 2014
1.1 BASIS OF ACCOUNTING
The Financial Statements are prepared as per historical cost convention
and in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in
India, the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and the applicable
Accounting Standards notifed under the Companies (Accounting Standards)
Rules, 2006. All Income and Expenditures having material bearing on the
Financial Statements are recognized on accrual basis.
2.2 USE OF ESTIMATES
The presentation of the Financial Statements in conformity with the
Generally Accepted Accounting policies requires, the management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of Assets and
Liabilities, Revenues and Expenses and disclosure of contingent
liabilities. Such estimation and assumptions are based on the
management''s evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as on date
of the Financial Statements. Difference between the actual results and
estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known /
materialized.
2.3 FIXED ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION
Fixed Assets are recorded at cost of acquisition / construction less
accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Cost comprises
of purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to
its working condition for its intended use, but excluding Cenvat /
Service Tax / VAT credit availed. Where the construction or development
of any such asset requiring a substantial period of time to set up for
its intended use, is funded by borrowings, if any, the corresponding
borrowing cost are capitalized up to the date when the asset is ready
for its intended use.
Depreciation has been provided on Plant & Machinery on the
straight-line method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of the
Companies Act, 1956.
For all other assets depreciation has been provided on written down
value method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies
Act, 1956.
Fixed assets individually costing Rs 5,000/- or less are fully
depreciated in the year of purchase/ installation. Depreciation on
additions and disposals during the current reporting period is provided
on a pro-rata basis.
Intangible assets are shown at Cost of Acquisition less accumulated
amortization. Intangible assets are amortized on straight line basis
over their individual respective useful life. The management estimates
the useful life of the assets as under:
Assets Year
Technical Know How 7 Years
Computer & Computer Software 4 Years
2.4 INVESTMENTS
Investments which are expected to be realized within twelve months from
the Balance Sheet date are classifed as current investments. All other
investments are classifed as Non-current investments.
Current Investments are carried at lower of the cost and fair market
value of each investment individually. Non-current investments are
carried at cost less provision for diminution other than temporary, in
value if, any, as at the Balance Sheet date.
Investment in buildings that are not intended to be occupied
substantially for use by, or in the operations of the Company, have
been classifed as investment property. Investments properties are
carried at cost less accumulated depreciation.
2.5 INVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at Cost or Net Realizable Value whichever is
lower after considering credit of VAT and Cenvat.
Cost of Raw-Material, Spares and Components is determined on weighted
average cost.
Cost of Work in Progress includes cost of raw material, appropriate
share of labour and manufacturing overheads and valued at lower of cost
or net realizable value.
Finished Goods are valued at lower of Cost including excise duty
payable thereon or Net realizable value.
2.6 REVENUE RECOGNITION
Sales are stated net of rebate and trade discount and excluding Central
Sales Tax, State Value Added Tax. With regard to sale of products,
income is reported when practically all risks and rights connected with
the ownership have been transferred to the buyers. This usually occurs
upon dispatch, after the price has been determined.
Export incentives are accounted for as and when the claims thereof have
been admitted by the authorities.
Dividend Income is accounted when the right to receive the dividend is
established.
Revenue in respect of other income is recognized when a reasonable
certainty as to its realization exists.
2.7 OPERATING LEASE
Leases, where the lessor effectively retains substantially of all the
risks and benefits of ownership of the leased items, are classifed as
operating leases.
Lease revenue and Lease expenses under operating Lease are recognized
on straight line basis.
2.8 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
(a) Short Term
Short Term employee benefits are recognized as expense at the
undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services
rendered by the employees to the Company.
(b) Long Term
The Company has both Defined contribution and Defined benefit plans, of
which some have assets in approved funds. These plans are financed by
the Company in the case of Defined contribution plans.
(c) Defined Contribution Plans
These are plans in which the Company pays pre-Defined amounts to
separate funds and do not have any legal or informal obligation to pay
additional sums. These comprise of contributions to Employees Provident
Fund and Superannuation Fund. The Company''s payments to the Defined
contribution plans are reported as expenses during the period in which
the employee performs the services that the payment covers.
(d) Defined benefit Plans
Expenses for Defined benefit gratuity payment plans are calculated as at
the Balance Sheet date by independent actuaries in the manner that
distributes expenses over the employees working life. These commitments
are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with
consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a
discounted rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the
actuary having regard to the interest rate on Government Bonds with a
remaining term i.e. almost equivalent to the average balance working
period of employees.
(e) Other Employee benefits
Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried
to future periods but are expected to be encashed or availed in twelve
months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses
during the year in which the employees perform the services that the
benefit covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted
amount of the benefits after deducting amounts already paid. Leave
liability in respect of leave encashment is determined based on
actuarial valuation done by Actuary as at Balance Sheet date.
2.9 EXCISE DUTY
Excise duty payable on production and custom duty payable on imports
are included in the value of fnished goods, both in respect of goods
cleared and lying in bonded warehouse.
2.10 FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency by
applying to the foreign currency amount, the exchange rate between the
reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transactions.
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at
the date of transaction.
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or/on
reporting monetary items at rates different from those at which they
were initially recorded during the year or reported in previous
financial statements are recognized as income or as expense in the year
in which they arise.
Monetary assets & liabilities denominated in foreign currency remaining
unsettled at the year-end are translated at closing rates.
The premium or discount arising at inception of forward exchange
contract is amortized as expense or income over the life of the
contract. Exchange difference on such contract is recognized in the
Statement of profit and Loss.
2.11 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES
All revenue expenditure related to R&D, including expenses in relation
to development of product/ processes, are charged to the Statement of
profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.
Capital expenditure on research and development is classifed separately
under tangible/intangible assets and depreciated on the same basis as
other fixed assets.
2.12 BORROWING COSTS
Borrowing costs are recognized in the period to which they relate,
regardless of how the funds have been utilized, except where it relates
to the fnancing of construction or development of assets requiring a
substantial period of time to prepare for their intended future use.
Interest on borrowings, if any, is capitalized up to the date when the
asset is ready for its intended use. The amount of interest capitalized
for the period is determined by applying the interest rate applicable
to appropriate borrowings.
2.13 TAXATION
Provision for Current Tax is made as per the provisions of the Income
Tax Act, 1961.
Deferred Tax resulting from "timing differences that are temporary in
nature" between accounting and taxable profit is accounted for, using
the tax rates and laws that have been enacted as on the Balance Sheet
date. The deferred tax asset is recognized and carried forward only to
the extent that there is a reasonable or virtual certainty, as the case
may be, that the asset will be realized in future.
2.14 EARNING PER SHARE
The basic Earnings per Share is calculated by dividing the Net profit or
Loss for the period attributable to Equity Shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the current
reporting period.
Diluted Earning per Share is calculated by dividing net profit
attributable to Equity Shareholders (after adjustment for diluted
earnings) by average number of weighted equity shares outstanding
during the current reporting period.
2.15 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash and Cash equivalents comprise cash and balance with banks. The
Company considers all highly liquid investments with remaining maturity
at the date of purchase of three months or less and that are readily
convertible to known amount of cash to be cash equivalent.
2.16 CASH FLOW STATEMENT
The Cash Flow Statement is prepared under the "indirect method" set out
in Accounting Standard-3 on "Cash Flow Statements" and presents the
cash flows by operating, investing and fnancing activities of the
Company.
2.17 IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
The carrying value of assets of the Company''s cash generating units are
reviewed for impairment annually or more often if there is an
indication of decline in value. If any indication of such impairment
exists, the recoverable amounts of those assets are estimated and
impairment loss is recognized, if the carrying amount of those assets
exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater
of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is
arrived at by discounting the estimated future cash flows to their
present value based on appropriate discount factor.
2.18 PRODUCT WARRANTY EXPENSES
Product warranty expenses are estimated by the management on the basis
of technical evaluation and past experience. Provision is made for
estimated liability in respect of warranty cost in the period of
recognition of revenue.
2.19 PROVISION, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS
A provision is recognized when the Company has a present legal or
constructive obligation as a result of past event and it is probable
that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation,
in respect of which reliable estimate can be made. Provisions
(excluding long term employee benefits) are not discounted to their
present value and are determined based on best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at
each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to refect the current best
estimates. Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed
in the notes to the Financial Statements. A contingent asset is neither
recognized nor disclosed.
Terms / Rights attached to Shares
The Company has only one class of shares referred to as Equity Shares
having a par value of Rs. 10/- per Share. Each holder of equity shares
is entitled to one vote per share.
The Company declares and pays dividend in Indian rupees. The dividend
proposed by Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the
shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting.
During the year ended 31st March, 2013 the amount of dividend per share
recognised as distribution to equity shareholders was Rs. 4/-.
In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity
shares will be entitled to receive the remaining assets of the company,
after distribution of all preferential amounts. However, no such
preferential amount exists currently. The distribution will be in
proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.
Mar 31, 2013
1.1 BASIS OF ACCOUNTING
The Financial Statements are prepared as per historical cost convention
and in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in
India, the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and the applicable
Accounting Standards notifed under the Companies (Accounting Standards)
Rules, 2006. All Income and Expenditures having material bearing on the
Financial Statements are recognized on accrual basis.
1.2 USE OF ESTIMATES
The presentation of the Financial Statements in conformity with the
Generally Accepted Accounting policies requires, the management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of Assets and
Liabilities, Revenues and Expenses and disclosure of contingent
liabilities. Such estimation and assumptions are based on management''s
evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as on date of Financial
Statements. Difference between the actual results and estimates are
recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialized.
1.3 FIXED ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION
Fixed Assets are recorded at cost of acquisition / construction less
accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Cost Comprises
of purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to
its working condition for its intended use, but excluding Cenvat /
Service Tax / VAT credit availed. Where the construction or development
of any such asset requiring a substantial period of time to set up for
its intended use, is funded by borrowings if any, the corresponding
borrowing cost are capitalized up to the date when the asset is ready
for its intended use.
Depreciation has been provided on Plant & Machinery on the
straight-line method at the rates specifed in Schedule XIV of the
Companies Act, 1956.
For all other assets depreciation has been provided on written down
value method at the rates specifed in Schedule XIV of the Companies
Act, 1956.
Fixed assets individually costing Rs 5,000/- or less are fully
depreciated in the year of purchase/ installation. Depreciation on
additions and disposals during the current reporting period is provided
on a pro-rata basis.
Intangible assets are shown at Cost of Acquisition less accumulated
amortization. Intangible assets are amortized on straight line basis
over their individual respective useful life. The management estimates
the useful life of the assets as under :
1.4 INVESTMENTS
Investments, which are expected to be realized within twelve months
from the Balance Sheet date, are classifed as current investments. All
other investments are classifed as Non-current investments.
Current Investments are carried at lower of the cost and fair market
value of each investment individually. Non-current investments are
carried at cost less provision for diminution other than temporary, in
value if any as at the balance sheet date.
Investment in buildings that are not intended to be occupied
substantially for use by, or in the operations of the Company, have
been classifed as investment property. Investment properties are
carried at cost less accumulated depreciation.
1.5 INVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at Cost or Net Realizable Value whichever is
lower after considering credit of VAT and Cenvat.
Cost of Raw-Material, Spares and Components is determined on weighted
average cost.
Cost of Work in Progress includes cost of raw material, appropriate
share of labour and manufacturing overheads and valued at lower of cost
or net realizable value.
Finished Goods are valued at lower of Cost including excise duty
payable thereon or Net realizable value.
1.6 REVENUE RECOGNITION
Sales are stated net of rebate and trade discount and exclude Central
Sales Tax, State Value Added Tax. With regard to sale of products,
income is reported when practically all risks and rights connected with
the ownership have been transferred to the buyers. This usually occurs
upon dispatch, after the price has been determined.
All the items of expenses and income are accounted on accrual basis,
except Dividend Income, Insurance claims, Commission and Duty Drawback
received which are accounted on receipt basis.
1.7 OPERATING LEASE
Leases, where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the
risks and benefts of ownership of the leased items, are classifed as
operating leases.
Lease revenue and Lease expenses under operating Lease is recognized on
straight line basis.
1.8 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
(a) Short Term
Short Term employee benefts are recognized as an expense at the
undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services
rendered by the employees to the company.
(b) Long Term
The Company has both defned contribution and defned beneft plans, of
which some have assets in approved funds. These plans are fnanced by
the Company in the case of defned contribution Plans.
(c) Defned Contribution Plans
These are plans in which the Company pays pre-defned amounts to
separate funds and does not have any legal or informal obligation to
pay additional sums. These comprise of contributions to Employees
Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund. The Company''s payments to the
defned contribution plans are reported as expenses during the period in
which the employee performs the services that the payment covers.
(d) Defned Beneft Plans
Expenses for defned beneft gratuity payment plans are calculated as at
the Balance Sheet date by independent actuaries in the manner that
distributes expenses over the employees working life. These commitments
are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with
consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a
discounted rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the
actuary having regard to the interest rate on Government Bonds with a
remaining term i.e. almost equivalent to the average balance working
period of employees.
(e) Other Employee Beneft
Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried
to future periods but are expected to be encashed or availed in twelve
months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses
during the year in which the employees perform the services that the
beneft covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted
amount of the benefts after deducting amounts already paid.
1.9 EXCISE DUTY
Excise duty payable on production and custom duty payable on imports
are included in the value of fnished goods, both in respect of goods
cleared and lying in Bonded warehouse.
1.10 FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
Foreign Currency transaction are recorded in the reporting currency by
applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the
reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transactions.
Foreign Currency Monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
Non Monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at
the date of transaction.
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or/on
reporting a company''s monetary items at rates different from those at
which they were initially recorded during the year or reported in
previous fnancial statements are recognized as income or as expense in
the year in which they arise.
Monetary assets & liabilities denominated in foreign currency remaining
unsettled at the year-end are translated at closing rates.
The premium or discount arising at inception of forward exchange
contract is amortized as expense or income over the life of the
contract. Exchange difference on such contract is recognized in the
Statement of Proft and Loss.
1.11 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES
All revenue expenditure related to R&D including expenses in relation
to development of product/ processes are charged to Statement of Proft
and Loss in the period in which it is incurred.
Capital expenditure on research and development is classifed separately
under tangible/intangible assets and depreciated on the same basis as
other fxed assets.
1.12 BORROWING COST
Borrowing costs are recognized in the period to which they relate,
regardless of how the funds have been utilized, except where it relates
to the fnancing of construction or development of assets requiring a
substantial period of time to prepare for their intended future use.
Interest on borrowings if any is capitalized up to the date when the
asset is ready for its intended use. The amount of interest capitalized
for the period is determined by applying the interest rate applicable
to appropriate borrowings.
1.13 TAXATION
Provision for Current Tax is made as per the provisions of the Income
Tax Act, 1961.
Deferred Tax resulting from "timing differences that are temporary in
nature between accounting and taxable proft is accounted for, using
the tax rates and laws that have been enacted as on the Balance Sheet
date. The deferred tax asset is recognized and carried forward only to
the extent that there is a reasonable or virtual certainty, as the case
may be, that the asset will be realized in future.
1.14 EARNING PER SHARE
The basic Earnings per Share is calculated by dividing the Net Proft or
Loss for the period attributable to Equity Shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the current
reporting period.
Diluted Earning per Share is calculated by dividing net proft
attributable to Equity Shareholders (after adjustment for diluted
earnings) by average number of weighted equity shares outstanding
during the current reporting period.
1.15 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash and Cash equivalents comprise cash and balance with banks. The
company considers all highly liquid investments with the remaining
maturity at the date of purchase of three months or less and that are
readily convertible to known amount of cash to be cash equivalent.
1.16 CASH FLOW STATEMENT
The Cash Flow Statement is prepared by the "indirect method set out in
Accounting Standard-3 on "Cash Flow Statements issued by ICAI and
presents the cash fows by operating, investing and fnancing activities
of the Company.
1.17 IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
The carrying value of assets of the Company''s cash generating units are
reviewed for impairment annually or more often if there is an
indication of decline in value. If any indication of such impairment
exists, the recoverable amounts of those assets are estimated and
impairment loss is recognized, if the carrying amount of those assets
exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater
of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is
arrived at by discounting the estimated future cash fows to their
present value based on appropriate discount factor.
1.18 PRODUCT WARRANTY EXPENSES
Product warranty expenses are estimated by the management on the basis
of technical evaluation and past experience. Provision is made for
estimated liability in respect of warranty cost in the period of
recognition of revenue.
1.19 PROVISION, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS
A provision is recognized when the Company has a present legal or
constructive obligation as a result of past event and it is probable
that an outfow of resources will be required to settle the obligation,
in respect of which reliable estimate can be made. Provisions
(excluding long term benefts) are not discounted to its present value
and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the
obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each
balance sheet date and adjusted to refect the current best estimates.
Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the
notes to the Financial Statements. A contingent asset is neither
recognized nor disclosed.
Mar 31, 2012
1.1 BASIS OF ACCOUNTING
The Financial Statements are prepared as per historical cost convention
and in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in
India, the provisions of the Companies Act 1956 and the applicable
Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2006. All Income and Expenditures having material
bearing on the Financial Statements are recognized on accrual basis.
During the year ended 31st March, 2012 the revised schedule VI notified
under the Companies Act, 1956 has become applicable to the Company for
preparation and presentation of its financial statement. The adoption
of revised schedule VI does not impact recognition and measurement
principles followed for preparation of financial statements. However,
it has significant impact on presentation and disclosure made in the
financial statements. The Company has also reclassified the previous
year's figures in accordance with the requirement applicable in the
current year.
1.2 USE OF ESTIMATES
The presentation of the Financial Statements in conformity with the
Generally Accepted Accounting policies requires, the management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of Assets and
Liabilities, Revenues and Expenses and disclosure of contingent
liabilities. Such estimation and assumptions are based on
management's evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as on
date of Financial Statements. Difference between the actual results and
estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known /
materialized.
1.3 FIXED ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION
Fixed Assets are recorded at cost of acquisition / construction less
accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Cost Comprises
of purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to
its working condition for its intended use, but excluding Cenvat /
Service Tax / VAT credit availed. Where the construction or development
of any such asset requiring a substantial period of time to set up for
its intended use, is funded by borrowings if any, the corresponding
borrowing cost are capitalized up to the date when the asset is ready
for its intended use.
Depreciation has been provided on Plant & Machinery on the
straight-line method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of the
Companies Act, 1956.
For all other assets depreciation has been provided on written down
value method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies
Act, 1956.
Fixed assets individually costing Rs 5,000 or less are fully depreciated
in the year of purchase/ installation. Depreciation on additions and
disposals during the current reporting period is provided on a pro-rata
basis.
Intangible assets are shown at Cost of Acquisition less accumulated
amortization. Intangible assets are amortized on straight line basis
over their individual respective useful life. The management estimates
the useful life of the assets as under:
1.4 INVESTMENTS
Investments which are expected to be realizable within twelve months
from the Balance Sheet date are classified as current Investments. All
other Investments are classified as Non-current Investments.
Current Investments are carried at lower of the cost and fair market
value of each investment individually. Non-current investments are
carried at cost less provision for diminution other than temporary, in
value if any as at the Balance sheet date.
1.5 INVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at Cost or Net Realizable Value whichever is
lower after considering credit of VAT and Cenvat. Cost of
Raw-Material, Spares and Components is determined on weighted average
cost.
Cost of Work in Progress includes cost of raw material, appropriate
share of labour and manufacturing overheads and valued at lower of cost
or net realizable value.
Finished Goods are valued at lower of Cost including excise duty
payable thereon or Net realizable value.
1.6 REVENUE RECOGNITION
Sales are stated net of rebate and trade discount and exclude Central
Sales Tax, State Value Added Tax. With regard to sale of products,
income is reported when practically all risks and rights connected with
the ownership have been transferred to the buyers. This usually occurs
upon dispatch, after the price has been determined.
All the items of expenses and income are accounted on accrual basis,
except Dividend Income, Insurance claims, Commission and Duty Drawback
received which are accounted on receipt basis.
1.7 OPERATING LEASE
Lease revenue under operating Lease is recognized as income on straight
line basis.
Lease expenses under operating lease are recognized as expense on
straight line basis.
1.8 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
(a) Short Term
Short Term employee benefits are recognized as an expense at the
undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services
rendered by the employees to the company.
(b) Long Term
The Company has both defined contribution and defined benefit plans, of
which some have assets in approved funds. These plans are financed by
the Company in the case of defined contribution plans.
(c) Defined Contribution Plans
These are plans in which the Company pays pre-defined amounts to
separate funds and does not have any legal or informal obligation to
pay additional sums. These comprise of contributions to Employees
Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund. The Company's payments to the
defined contribution plans are reported as expenses during the period
in which the employee performs the services that the payment covers.
(d) Defined Benefit Plans
Expenses for defined benefit gratuity payment plans are calculated as
at the balance sheet date by independent actuaries in the manner that
distributes expenses over the employees working life. These commitments
are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with
consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a
discounted rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the
actuary having regard to the interest rate on Government Bonds with a
remaining term i.e. almost equivalent to the average balance working
period of employees.
(e) Other Employee Benefit
Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried
to future periods but are expected to be encased or availed in twelve
months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses
during the year in which the employees perform the services that the
benefit covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted
amount of the benefits after deducting amounts already paid.
1.9 EXCISE DUTY
Excise duty payable on production and custom duty payable on imports
are included in the value of finished goods, both in respect of goods
cleared and lying in Bonded warehouse.
1.10 FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
Foreign Currency transaction are recorded in the reporting currency by
applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the
reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transactions.
Foreign Currency Monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
Non Monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at
the date of transaction. Exchange differences arising on the
settlement of monetary items or/on reporting a company's monetary
items at rates different from those at which they were initially
recorded during the year or reported in previous financial statements
are recognized as income or as expense in the year in which they arise.
Monetary assets & liabilities denominated in foreign currency remaining
unsettled at the year-end are translated at closing rates.
The premium or discount arising at inception of forward exchange
contract is amortized as expense or income over the life of the
contract. Exchange difference on such contract is recognized in the
statement of profit and loss.
1.11 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES
All revenue expenditure related to R&D including expenses in relation
to development of product/ processes are charged to Statement of Profit
and loss in the period in which it is incurred.
Capital expenditure on research and development is classified
separately under tangible/intangible assets and depreciated on the same
basis as other fixed assets.
1.12 BORROWING COST
Borrowing costs are recognized in the period to which they relate,
regardless of how the funds have been utilized, except where it relates
to the financing of construction or development of assets requiring a
substantial period of time to prepare for their intended future use.
Interest on borrowings if any is capitalized up to the date when the
asset is ready for its intended use. The amount of interest capitalized
for the period is determined by applying the interest rate applicable
to appropriate borrowings.
1.13 PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS
A provision is recognized when the Company has a present legal or
constructive obligation as a result of past event and it is probable
that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation,
in respect of which reliable estimate can be made. Provisions
(excluding long term benefits) are not discounted to its present value
and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the
obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each
balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the
notes to the Financial Statements. A contingent asset is neither
recognized nor disclosed.
1.14 TAXATION
Provision for Current Tax is made as per the provisions of the Income
Tax Act, 1961.
Deferred Tax resulting from "timing differences that are temporary in
nature" between accounting and taxable profit is accounted for, using
the tax rates and laws that have been enacted as on the Balance Sheet
date. The deferred tax asset is recognized and carried forward only to
the extent that there is a reasonable or virtual certainty, as the case
may be, that the asset will be realized in future.
1.15 EARNING PER SHARE
The basic Earnings Per Share is calculated by dividing the Net profit
or loss for the period attributable to Equity Shareholders by the
weighted average number of Equity Shares outstanding during the current
reporting period.
Diluted Earning Per Share is calculated by dividing net profit
attributable to equity Shareholders (after adjustment for diluted
earnings) by average number of weighted equity shares outstanding
during the current reporting period.
1.16 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash and Cash equivalents comprise cash and balance with banks. The
company considers all highly liquid investments with the remaining
maturity at the date of purchase of three months or less and that are
readily convertible to known amount of cash to be cash equivalent.
1.17 CASH FLOW STATEMENT
The Cash Flow Statement is prepared by the "indirect method" set
out in Accounting Standard 3 on "Cash Flow Statements" issued by
ICAI and presents the cash flows by operating, investing and financing
activities of the Company.
1.18 IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
The carrying value of assets of the Company's cash generating units
are reviewed for impairment annually or more often if there is an
indication of decline in value. If any indication of such impairment
exists, the recoverable amounts of those assets are estimated and
impairment loss is recognized, if the carrying amount of those assets
exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater
of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is
arrived at by discounting the estimated future cash flows to their
present value based on appropriate discount factor.
1.19 PRODUCT WARRANTY EXPENSES
Product warranty expenses are estimated by the management on the basis
of technical evaluation and past experience. Provision is made for
estimated liability in respect of warranty cost in the period of
recognition of revenue.
Mar 31, 2011
[A] BASIS OF ACCOUNTING
The Financial Statements are prepared as per historical cost convention
and in accordance with the Gener- ally Accepted Accounting Principles
in India, the provisions of the Companies Act 1956 and the applicable
Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2006. All Income and Expenditures having material
bearing on the Financial Statements are recognized on accrual basis.
[B] USE OF ESTIMATES
The presentation of the Financial Statements in conformity with the
Generally Accepted Accounting policies requires the management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of Assets and
Liabilities, Revenues and Expenses and disclosure of contingent
liabilities. Such estimation and assumptions are based on managements
evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as on date of Financial
State- ments. Difference between the actual results and estimates are
recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialized.
[C] FIXED ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION
Fixed Assets are recorded at cost of acquisition / construction less
accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Cost Comprises
of purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to
its working condition for its intended use, but excluding Cenvat /
Service Tax / VAT credit availed. Where the construc- tion or
development of any such asset requiring a substantial period of time to
set up for its intended use, is funded by borrowings if any, the
corresponding borrowing cost are capitalized up to the date when the
asset is ready for its intended use.
Depreciation has been provided on Plant & Machinery on the
straight-line method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of the
Companies Act,1956.
For all other assets depreciation has been provided on written down
value method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies
Act, 1956.
An asset purchased on or after 1st April 1993 and where the actual cost
does not exceed Rs.5000/- is depreciated at the rate of 100%.
Intangible assets are shown at Cost of Acquisition less accumulated
amortisation. Technical Know-how is amortised on Straight Line Method
over the best estimated useful life of the assets.
[D] INVESTMENTS
Long Term investments are valued at cost less provision for diminution
other than temporary, in value if any as at the Balance sheet date.
[E] INVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at Cost or Net realisable value whichever is
lower after considering credit of VAT and Cenvat.
Cost of raw-material,Spares and Components is determined on weighted
average cost. Cost of work in progress includes cost of raw material,
appropriate share of labour and manufacturing over- heads are valued at
lower of cost and net realisable value. Finished Goods are valued at
lower of Cost including excise duty payable thereon or Net realisable
value.
[F] REVENUE RECOGNITION
Sales are stated net of rebate and trade discount and excludes Central
Sales Tax, State Value Added Tax. With regard to sale of products,
income is reported when practically all risks and rights connected with
the ownership have been transferred to the buyers. This usually occurs
upon dispatch, after the price has been determined.
All the items of expenses and income are accounted on accrual basis,
except Dividend Income, Insurance claims & Commission received which
are accounted on receipt basis.
[G] OPERATING LEASE
Lease revenue under operating Lease are recognised as income on accrual
basis, in accordance with the respective Lease agreements.
[H] EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
(i) (a) Short Term
Short Term employee benefits are recognized as an expense at the
undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services
rendered by the employees to the company.
(b) Long Term
The Company has both defined contribution and defined benefit plans, of
which some have assets in approved funds. These plans are financed by
the Company in the case of defined contribution plans.
(c) Defined Contribution Plans
These are plans in which the Company pays pre-defined amounts to
separate funds and does not have any legal or informal obligation to
pay additional sums. These comprise of contributions to Employees
Provident Fund. The Companys payments to the defined contribution
plans are reported as expenses during the period in which the employee
perform the services that the payment covers.
(d) Defined Benefit Plans
Expenses for defined benefit gratuity payment plans are calculated as
at the balance sheet date by independent actuaries in the manner that
distributes expenses over the employees working life. These commitments
are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with
consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a
discounted rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the
actuary having regard to the interest rate on Government Bonds with a
remaining term i.e. almost equivalent to the average balance working
period of employees.
(e) Other Employee Benefit
Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried
to future periods but are expected to be encashed or availed in twelve
months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses
during the year in which the employees perform the services that the
benefit covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted
amount of the benefits after deducting amounts already paid.
(ii) Voluntary Retirement Scheme
Voluntary Retirement compensation payments are charged to the Profit &
Loss Account during the year in which they are incurred.
[I] EXCISE DUTY
Excise duty payable on production and custom duty payable on imports
are included in the value of finished goods, both in respect of goods
cleared and lying in Bonded warehouse.
[J] FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
Foreign Currency transaction are recorded in the reporting currency by
applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the
reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transactions.
Foreign Currency Monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
Non Monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at
the date of transaction.
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or/on
reporting a company s monetary items at rates different from those at
which they were initially recorded during the year or reported in
previous financial statements are recognised as income or as expense in
the year in which they arise.
Monetary assets & liabilities denominated in foreign currency remaining
unsettled at the year end are translated at closing rates.
The premium or discount arising at inception of forward exchange
contract is amortised as expense or income over the life of the
contract. Exchange difference on such contract are recognised in the
statement of profit and loss account.
[K] BORROWING COST
Borrowing costs are recognized in the period to which they relate,
regardless of how the funds have been utilized, except where it relates
to the financing of construction or development of assets requiring a
substantial period of time to prepare for their intended future use.
Interest on borrowings if any is capitalized upto the date when the
asset is ready for its intended use. The amount of interest capitalized
for the period is determined by applying the interest rate applicable
to appropriate borrowings.
[L] PROVISION, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS
A provision is recognized when the Company has a present legal or
constructive obligation as a result of past event and it is probable
that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation,
in respect of which reliable estimate can be made. Provisions
(excluding long term benefits) are not discounted to its present value
and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the
obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each
balance sheet date and adjusted to refect the current best estimates.
Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the
notes to the Financial Statements. A contingent asset is neither
recognized nor disclosed.
[M] TAXATION
(a) Provision for Current Tax is made as per the provisions of the
Income Tax Act, 1961.
(b) Deferred Tax resulting from "timing differences that are temporary
in nature" between accounting and taxable profit is accounted for,
using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted as on the Balance
Sheet date. The deferred tax asset is recognised and carried forward
only to the extent that there is a reasonable or virtual certainty, as
the case may be, that the asset will be realised in future.
[N] EARNING PER SHARE
The basic earnings per Share is calculated by dividing the Net profit
or loss for the year attributable to Equity Shareholders by the
weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.
Diluted earning per Share is calculated by dividing net profit
attributable to equity Shareholders (after adjustment for diluted
earnings) by average number of weighted equity shares outstanding
during the year.
[O] CASH FLOW STATEMENT
The Cash Flow Statement is prepared by the "indirect method" set out in
Accounting Standard 3 on "Cash Flow Statements" and presents the cash
flows by operating, investing and financing activities of the Company.
Cash and Cash equivalents presented in the Cash Flow Statement consist
of cash on hand and other current account balance / deposits with
banks.
[P] IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
The carrying value of assets of the Companys cash generating units are
reviewed for impairment annually or more often if there is an
indication of decline in value. If any indication of such impairment
exists, the recoverable amounts of those assets are estimated and
impairment loss is recognized, if the carrying amount of those assets
exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater
of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is
arrived at by discounting the estimated future cash flows to their
present value based on appropriate discount factor.
[Q] PRODUCT WARRANTY EXPENSES
Product warranty expenses are determined based on Companys historical
experience and estimates are accrued in the year of Sale.
Mar 31, 2010
[A] BASIS OF ACCOUNTING
The Financial Statements are prepared as per historical cost convention
and in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in
India, the provisions of the Companies Act 1956, and the applicable
Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2006. All Income and Expenditures having material
bearing on the Financial Statements are recognized on accrual basis.
[B] USE OF ESTIMATES
The presentation of the Financial Statements in conformity with the
Generally Accepted Accounting policies requires, the management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of Assets and
Liabilities, Revenues and Expenses and disclosure of contingent
liabilities. Such estimation and assumptions are based on managementÃs
evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as on date of Financial
State- ments. Difference between the actual results and estimates are
recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialized.
[C] FIXED ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION
Fixed Assets are recorded at cost of acquisition / construction less
accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Cost Comprises
of purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to
its working condition for its intended use, but excluding Cenvat /
Service Tax / VAT credit availed. Where the construction or development
of any such asset requiring a substantial period of time to set up for
its intended use, is funded by borrowings if any, the corresponding
borrowing cost are capitalized up to the date when the asset is ready
for its intended use.
Depreciation has been provided on Plant & Machinery on the
straight-line method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of the
Companies Act,1956.
For all other assets depreciation has been provided on written down
value method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies
Act, 1956.
An asset purchased on or after 1st April 1993 and where the actual cost
does not exceed Rs.5000/- is depreciated at the rate of 100%.
Intangible assets are shown at Cost of Acquisition less accumulated
amortisation. Technical Know-how is amortised on Straight Line Method
over the best estimated useful life of the assets.
[D] INVESTMENTS
Long Term investments are valued at cost less provision for diminution
other than temporary, in value if any as at the Balance sheet date.
[E] INVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at Cost or Net realisable value whichever is
lower after considering credit of VAT and Cenvat.
Cost of raw-material,Spares and Components is determined on weighted
average cost.
Cost of work in progress includes cost of raw material, appropriate
share of labour and manufacturing overheads and valued at lower of cost
and net realisable value.
Finished Goods are valued at lower of Cost including excise duty
payable thereon or Net realisable value.
[F] REVENUE RECOGNITION
Sales are stated net of rebate and trade discount and excludes Central
Sales Tax, State Value Added Tax.
With regard to sale of products, income is reported when practically
all risks and rights connected with the ownership have been transferred
to the buyerÃs. This usually occurs upon dispatch, after the price has
been determined.
All the items of expenses and income are accounted on accrual basis,
except Dividend Income, Insurance claims & Commission received which
are accounted on receipt basis.
[G] OPERATING LEASE
Lease revenue under operating Lease are recognised as income on accrual
basis, in accordance with the respective Lease agreements.
[H] EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (i) (a) Short Term
Short Term employee benefits are recognized as an expense at the
undiscounted amount expected to be paid over the period of services
rendered by the employees to the company.
(b) Long Term
The Company has both defined contribution and defined benefit plans, of
which some have assets in approved funds. These plans are financed by
the Company in the case of defined contribution plans.
(c) Defined Contribution Plans
These are plans in which the Company pays pre-defined amounts to
separate funds and does not have any legal or informal obligation to
pay additional sums. These comprise of contributions to Employees
Provident Fund. The CompanyÃs payments to the defined contribution
plans are reported as expenses during the period in which the employee
perform the services that the payment covers.
(d) Defined Benefit Plans
Expenses for defined benefit gratuity payment plans are calculated as
at the balance sheet date by independent actuaries in the manner that
distributes expenses over the employees working life. These commitments
are valued at the present value of the expected future payments, with
consideration for calculated future salary increases, using a
discounted rate corresponding to the interest rate estimated by the
actuary having regard to the interest rate on Government Bonds with a
remaining term i.e. almost equivalent to the average balance working
period of employees.
(e) Other Employee Benefit
Compensated absences which accrue to employees and which can be carried
to future periods but are expected to be encashed or availed in twelve
months immediately following the year end are reported as expenses
during the year in which the employees perform the services that the
benefit covers and the liabilities are reported at the undiscounted
amount of the benefits after deducting amounts already paid.
(ii) Voluntary Retirement Scheme
Voluntary Retirement compensation payments are charged to the Profit &
Loss Account during the year in which they are incurred.
[I] EXCISE DUTY
Excise duty payable on production and custom duty payable on imports
are included in the value of finished goods, both in respect of goods
cleared and lying in Bonded warehouse.
[J] FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
Foreign Currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency by
applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the
reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transactions.
Foreign Currency Monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
Non Monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at
the date of transaction.
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or/on
reporting a companyÃs monetary items at rates different from those at
which they were initially recorded during the year or reported in
previous financial statements are recognised as income or as expense in
the year in which they arise.
Monetary assets & liabilities denominated in foreign currency remaining
unsettled at the year end are translated at closing rates.
The premium or discount arising at inception of forward exchange
contract is amortised as expense or income over the life of the
contract. Exchange difference on such contract is recognised in the
statement of profit and loss account.
[K] BORROWING COST
Borrowing costs are recognized in the period to which they relate,
regardless of how the funds have been utilized, except where it relates
to the financing of construction or development of assets requiring a
substantial period of time to prepare for their intended future use.
Interest on borrowings if any is capitalized upto the date when the
asset is ready for its intended use. The amount of interest capitalized
for the period is determined by applying the interest rate applicable
to appropriate borrowings.
[L] PROVISION , CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS
A provision is recognized when the Company has a present legal or
constructive obligation as a result of past event and it is probable
that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation,
in respect of which reliable estimate can be made. Provisions
(excluding long term benefits) are not discounted to its present value
and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the
obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each
balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the
notes to the Financial Statements. A contingent asset is neither
recognized nor disclosed.
[M] TAXATION
(a) Provision for Current Tax is made as per the provisions of the
Income Tax Act, 1961.
(b) Deferred Tax resulting from "timing differences that are temporary
in nature" between accounting and taxable profit is accounted for,
using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted as on the Balance
Sheet date. The deferred tax asset is recognised and carried forward
only to the extent that there is a reasonable or virtual certainty, as
the case may be, that the asset will be realised in future.
[N] EARNING PER SHARE
The basic earnings per Share is calculated by dividing the Net profit
or loss for the year attributable to Equity Shareholders by the
weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.
Diluted earning per Share is calculated by dividing net profit
attributable to equity Shareholders (after adjustment for diluted
earnings) by average number of weighted equity shares outstanding
during the year.
[O] CASH FLOW STATEMENT
The Cash Flow Statement is prepared by the "indirect method" set out in
Accounting Standard 3 on "Cash Flow Statements" and presents the cash
flows by operating, investing and financing activities of the Company.
Cash and Cash equivalents presented in the Cash Flow Statement consist
of cash on hand and other current account balance / deposits with
banks.
[P] IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
The carrying value of assets of the CompanyÃs cash generating units are
reviewed for impairment annually or more often if there is an
indication of decline in value. If any indication of such impairment
exists, the recoverable amounts of those assets are estimated and
impairment loss is recognized, if the carrying amount of those assets
exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater
of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is
arrived at by discounting the estimated future cash flows to their
present value based on appropriate discount factor.
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