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Accounting Policies of Tata Chemicals Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2023

1. Corporate information

Tata Chemicals Limited (the ''Company'') is a public limited company domiciled in India. Its shares are listed on two stock exchanges in India; the Bombay Stock Exchange (''BSE'') and the National Stock Exchange (''NSE''). The Company is a diversified business dealing in basic chemistry products and specialty products. The Company has a global presence with key subsidiaries in United States of America (''USA''), United Kingdom (''UK'') and Kenya that are engaged in the manufacture and sale of soda ash, industrial salt and related products.

2. Summary of basis of compliance, basis of preparation and presentation, critical accounting estimates, assumptions and judgements and significant accounting policies

2.1 Basis of compliance

The Standalone Financial Statements comply, in all material aspects, with Indian Accounting Standards (''Ind AS'') notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (''the Act'') read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and other relevant provisions of the Act.

2.2 Basis of preparation and presentation

The Standalone Financial Statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for certain financial instruments and defined benefit plans which are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Act.

2.3 Critical accounting estimates, assumptions and judgements

The preparation of the Standalone Financial Statements requires management to make

estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported balances of assets and liabilities and disclosures as at the date of the Standalone Financial Statements and the reported amounts of income and expense for the periods presented.

The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates considering different assumptions and conditions.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimates are revised and future periods are affected.

The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying values of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below.

2.3.1 Deferred income tax assets and liabilities

Significant management judgment is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits.

The amount of total deferred tax assets could change if management estimates of projected future taxable income or if tax regulations undergo a change.

2.3.2 Useful lives of property, plant and equipment (''PPE'') and intangible assets

Management reviews the estimated useful lives and residual value of PPE and Intangibles at the end of each reporting period. Factors such as changes in the expected level of usage, technological developments and product lifecycle, could significantly impact the economic useful lives and the residual values of these assets. Consequently, the future depreciation charge could be revised and may have an impact on the profit of the future years.

2.3.3 Employee benefit obligations

Employee benefit obligations are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments. These include the estimation of the appropriate discount rate, future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, the employee benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.

2.3.4 Provisions and contingencies

From time to time, the Company is subject to legal proceedings, the ultimate outcome of each being subject to uncertainties inherent in litigation. A provision for litigation is made when it is considered probable that a payment will be made and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgement is required when evaluating the provision including, the probability of an unfavourable outcome and the ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of potential loss. Litigation provisions are reviewed at each accounting period and revisions made for the changes in facts and circumstances. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the notes forming part of the Standalone Financial Statements. Contingent assets are not disclosed in the Standalone Financial Statements unless an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

2.3.5 Impairment of investment in subsidiaries and goodwill

The Company reviews its carrying value of investment in subsidiaries and goodwill carried at cost (net of impairment, if any) annually, or more frequently when there is indication for impairment. If the recoverable amount is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is accounted for in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

2.4 Foreign currency translation

The functional currency of the Company (i.e. the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates) is the Indian Rupee in (''). The financial statements have been rounded off to the nearest '' crore.

On initial recognition, all foreign currency transactions are recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities, denominated in a foreign currency, are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on the balance sheet date and the resultant exchange gains or losses are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

2.5 Property, plant and equipment

An item of property, plant and equipment (''PPE'') is recognised as an asset if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and its cost can be measured reliably. These recognition principles are applied to the costs incurred initially to acquire an item of PPE, to the pre-operative and trial run costs incurred (net of sales), if any and also to the costs incurred subsequently to add to, replace part of, or service it and subsequently carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The cost of PPE includes interest on borrowings directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset. A qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to be made ready for its intended use or sale. Borrowing costs and other directly attributable cost are added to the cost of those assets until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use, which generally coincides with the commissioning date of those assets.

The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision is met.

Machinery spares that meet the definition of PPE are capitalised and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of an asset.

All other repair and maintenance costs, including regular servicing, are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred. When a replacement occurs, the carrying value of the replaced part is de-recognised. Where an item of property, plant and equipment comprises major

components having different useful lives, these components are accounted for as separate items.

PPE acquired and put to use for projects are capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in the project cost till the project is ready for commissioning.

Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Depreciation on PPE (except leasehold improvements) is calculated using the straightline method to allocate their cost, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives. However, leasehold improvements are depreciated on a straight-line method over the shorter of their respective useful lives or the tenure of the lease arrangement. Freehold land is not depreciated.

Schedule II to the Act prescribes the useful lives for various class of assets. For certain class of assets, based on technical evaluation and assessment, Management believes that the useful lives adopted by it reflect the periods over which these assets are expected to be used. Accordingly for those assets, the useful lives estimated by the management are different from those prescribed in the Schedule. Management''s estimates of the useful lives for various class of PPE are as given below:

Asset	Useful life
Salt Works, Water works, Reservoirs and Pans	1-30 years
Plant and Machinery	1-60 years
Traction Lines and Railway Sidings	15 years
Factory Buildings	5-60 years
Other Buildings	5-60 years
Furniture and Fittings and Office Equipment (including Computers and Data Processing Equipment)	1-10 years
Vehicles	4-10 years

Useful lives and residual values of assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting period.

Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains or losses arising from disposal/adjustments of PPE are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

2.6 Intangible assets

I ntangible assets comprise software licenses, product registration fees and rights to use railway wagon.

Intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The intangible assets with a finite useful life are amortised using straight line method over their estimated useful lives. The management''s estimates of the useful lives for various class of Intangibles are as given below:

Asset	Useful life
Computer software	5 years
Other intangible assets	4- 20 years

The estimated useful life is reviewed annually by the management.

Gains or losses arising from the retirement or disposal of an intangible asset are determined as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and recognised as income or expense in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

2.7 Capital work-in-progress (''CWIP'') and intangible assets under development

Projects under commissioning and other CWIP/ intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost.

Subsequent expenditures relating to property, plant and equipment are capitalised only when it is probable that future economic benefit associated with these will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.

Advances given to acquire property, plant and equipment are recorded as non-current assets and subsequently transferred to CWIP on acquisition of related assets.

2.8 Investment property

I nvestment properties are land and buildings that are held for long term lease rental yields

and/ or for capital appreciation. Investment properties are initially recognised at cost including transaction costs. Subsequently investment properties comprising buildings are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Depreciation on buildings is provided over the estimated useful lives as specified in note 2.5 above. The residual values, estimated useful lives and depreciation method of investment properties are reviewed, and adjusted on prospective basis as appropriate, at each reporting date. The effects of any revision are included in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss when the changes arise.

An investment property is de-recognised when either the investment property has been disposed of or do not meet the criteria of investment property i.e. when the investment property is permanently withdrawn from use and no future economic benefit is expected from its disposal. The difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss in the period of de-recognition.

2.9 Research and development expenses

Research expenses are charged to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as expenses in the year in which they are incurred. Development costs are capitalised as an intangible asset under development when the following criteria are met:

â¢ the project is clearly defined, and the costs are separately identified and reliably measured;

â¢ the technical feasibility of the project is demonstrated;

â¢ the ability to use or sell the products created during the project is demonstrated;

â¢ the intention to complete the project exists and use or sale of output manufactured during the project;

â¢ a potential market for the products created during the project exists or their usefulness, in case of internal use,

is demonstrated, such that the project will generate probable future economic benefits; and

â¢ adequate resources are available to complete the project.

These development costs are amortised over the estimated useful life of the projects or the products they are incorporated within. The amortisation of capitalised development costs begins as soon as the related product is released to production.

2.10 Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations

Non-current assets (including disposal groups) are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use and a sale is considered highly probable.

Non-current assets classified as held for sale are measured at lower of their carrying amount and fair value less cost to sell.

Non-current assets classified as held for sale are not depreciated or amortised from the date when they are classified as held for sale.

Non-current assets classified as held for sale and the assets and liabilities of a disposal group classified as held for sale are presented separately from the other assets and liabilities in the Standalone Balance Sheet.

A discontinued operation is a component of the entity that has been disposed off or is classified as held for sale and:

â¢ represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations and;

â¢ is part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of such a line of business or area of operations.

The results of discontinued operations are presented separately in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

2.11 Financial instruments

2.11.1 Investments and other financial assets: Classification

The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:

â¢ those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through OCI, or through profit or loss), and

â¢ those measured at amortised cost.

â¢ those measured at carrying cost for equity instruments subsidiaries and joint ventures.

The classification depends on the Company''s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows. For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss or through OCI. For investments in debt instruments, this will depend on the business model in which the investment is held. For investments in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through OCI.

The Company reclassifies debt investments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.

Debt instruments Measurement

A financial asset or financial liability is initially measured at fair value plus, for an item not at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL), transaction costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition or issue. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Company''s business model for managing the asset and the cash flow characteristics of the asset. There are three measurement categories into which the Company classifies its debt instruments:

â¢ Amortised cost

Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows, where those cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment (unhedged) that is subsequently measured at amortised cost is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate (''EIR'') method.

â¢ Fair value through Other Comprehensive Income (''FVTOCI'')

Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assets'' cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at FVTOCI. Movements in the carrying amount are recorded through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenue and foreign exchange gains or losses which are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. When the financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from equity to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the EIR method.

â¢ Fair value through profit or loss (''FVTPL'')

Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which it arises. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income.

Equity instruments

The Company subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value, except investment in subsidiaries and joint ventures which are measured at cost. Where the Company''s management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in OCI, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. When the financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified to equity. Dividends from such investments are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss within other income when the Company''s right to receive payments is established. Impairment losses (and reversal of impairment losses) on equity investments measured at FVTOCI are not reported separately from other changes in fair value.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments, which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash, that are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value with a maturity within three months or less from the date of purchase, to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.

Trade Receivables

Trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component are measured at transaction price.

Derecognition of financial assets

A financial asset is derecognised only when the Company

â¢ has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset; or

â¢ retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

Where the Company transfers an asset, it evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. Where the Company has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the Company has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognised. Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retained substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.

Effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial instrument and of allocating interest income or expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts future cash receipts or payments through the expected life of the financial instrument, or where appropriate, a shorter period.

2.11.2 Debt and equity instruments

Debt and equity instruments are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangement.

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

2.11.3 Financial liabilities

the EIR method. The EIR is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period at effective interest rate. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments through the expected life of the financial liability, or, where appropriate, a shorter period.

Changes to the carrying amount of a financial liability as a result of renegotiation or modification of terms that do not result in derecognition of the financial liability, is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, its obligations are discharged, cancelled or they expire.

Presentation

Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period.

Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period.

2.11.4 Derivatives and hedging activities

In the ordinary course of business, the Company uses certain derivative financial instruments to reduce business risks which arise from its exposure to foreign exchange and interest rate fluctuations associated with borrowings (cash flow hedges). When the Company opts to undertake hedge accounting, the Company documents, at the inception of the hedging transaction, the economic relationship between hedging instruments and hedged items including whether the hedging instrument is expected to offset changes in cash flows or fair values of hedged items. The Company documents its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions at the inception of each hedge relationship.

Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date the derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured to their fair

value at the end of each reporting period. The accounting for subsequent changes in fair value depends on whether the derivative is designated as a hedging instrument, and if so, the nature of the item being hedged and the type of hedge relationship designated.

Cash flow hedges that qualify for hedge accounting

The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, is recognised through OCI and as cash flow hedging reserve within equity, limited to the cumulative change in fair value of the hedged item on a present value basis from the inception of the hedge. The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Amounts accumulated in equity are reclassified to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss on settlement. When the hedged forecast transaction results in the recognition of a nonfinancial asset, the amounts accumulated in equity with respect to gain or loss relating to the effective portion of the spot component of forward contracts, both the deferred hedging gains and losses and the deferred aligned forward points are included within the initial cost of the asset. The deferred amounts are ultimately recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as the hedged item affects profit or loss.

When a hedging instrument expires, is sold or terminated, or when a hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, then hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively and any cumulative deferred gain or loss and deferred costs of hedging in equity at that time remains in equity until the forecast transaction occurs. When the forecast transaction is no longer expected to occur, the cumulative gain or loss and deferred costs of hedging that were reported in equity are immediately transferred to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derivatives that are not designated as hedges

When derivative contracts to hedge risks are not designated as hedges, such contracts are accounted through FVTPL.

As at the year end, there were no designated accounting hedges.

The entire fair value of a hedging derivative is classified as a Non-current asset or liability when the remaining maturity of the hedged item exceeds 12 months; it is classified as a current asset or liability when the remaining maturity of the hedged item does not exceed 12 months.

2.11.5 Financial guarantee contracts

Financial guarantee contracts are recognised as a financial liability at the time of issuance of guarantee. The liability is initially measured at fair value and is subsequently measured at the higher of the amount of loss allowance determined, or the amount initially recognised less, the cumulative amount of income recognised.

2.11.6 Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset when the Company has a legally enforceable right (not contingent on future events) to offset the recognised amounts either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

2.11.7 Fair value of financial instruments

I n determining the fair value of its financial instruments, the Company uses a variety of methods and assumptions that are based on market conditions and risks existing at each reporting date. The methods used to determine fair value include discounted cash flow analysis, available quoted market prices and dealer quotes. All methods of assessing fair value result in general approximation of value.

.12 Impairment

Investments in subsidiaries and joint ventures

The Company reviews its carrying value of investment in subsidiaries and joint ventures carried at cost (net of impairment, if any) when there is indication for impairment. If the recoverable amount is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is accounted for in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. The recoverable amount requires estimates of operating margin, discount rate, future growth rate, terminal values, etc. based on management''s best estimate.

Financial assets (other than at fair value)

The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortised cost and debt instruments carried at FVTOCI. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. In respect of trade receivables the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 - Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised upon initial recognition of the receivables. For all other financial assets, expected credit losses are measured at an amount equal to the 12-months expected credit losses or at an amount equal to the life time expected credit losses if the credit risk on the financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition. The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off (either partially or in full) to the extent that there is no realistic prospect of recovery. Financial assets that are written off could still be subject to enforcement activities in order to comply with the Company''s procedures.

PPE, CWIP, intangible assets and goodwill

For the purpose of assessing impairment, the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets is considered as a cash generating unit ("CGU"). The carrying values of assets / CGU at each balance sheet date are reviewed to determine whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets / CGU is estimated and in case the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount, an impairment loss is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. The recoverable amount is the higher of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. Assessment is also done at each balance sheet date as to whether there is indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in prior accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, consequent to which such reversal of impairment loss is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

for in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in a subsequent period.

2.13 Inventories

I nventories are valued at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary on an item-by-item basis. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, taxes and duties. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

2.14 Revenue recognition

2.14.1 Sale of goods

Revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods.

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised at the point in time when control is transferred to the customer which is usually on dispatch / delivery of goods, based on contracts with the customers.

Revenue towards satisfaction of performance obligation is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for volume discounts, price concessions, incentives, and returns, if any, as specified in the contracts with the customers. Revenue excludes taxes collected from customers on behalf of the government. Accruals for discounts/incentives and returns are estimated (using the most likely method) based on accumulated experience and underlying schemes and agreements with customers. Due to the short nature of credit period given to customers, there is no financing component in the contract.

2.142 Interest income

For all debt instruments measured either at amortised cost or at FVTOCI, interest income is recorded using the EIR method.

2.14.3 Dividend income

Dividend income is accounted for when Company''s right to receive the income is established.

2.14.4 Insurance claims

Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

2.15 Leases

The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a define period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified assets, the Company assesses whether: (i) the contact involves the use of an identified asset (ii) the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the lease and (iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset.

As a lessee, The Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right--of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.

The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use assets are determined on the same basis as those of property and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company''s incremental borrowing rate. For leases with reasonably similar characteristics, the Company, on a lease by lease basis, may adopt either the

interest payable to members at the rate declared by the Government of India in respect of the Trust administered by the Company.

For defined benefit schemes in the form of gratuity fund, provident fund, post-retirement medical benefits, pension liabilities (including directors'') and family benefit scheme, the cost of providing benefits is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each balance sheet date.

The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the Standalone Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets.

The present value of the said obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows, using market yields of government bonds of equivalent term and currency to the liability.

The interest income / (expense) are calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The net interest income / (expense) on the net defined benefit liability is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

Remeasurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling (if any), are recognised immediately in the Standalone Balance Sheet with a corresponding charge or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss in subsequent periods.

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as past service cost.

2.16.2 Short-term employee benefits

incremental borrowing rate specific to the lease or the incremental borrowing rate for the portfolio as a whole.

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise the fixed payments, including in-substance fixed payments and lease payments in an optional renewal period if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise an extension option;

The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

The Company has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognises the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straightline basis over the lease term. The Company applied a single discount rate to a portfolio of leases of similar assets in similar economic environment with a similar end date.

2.16 Employee benefits plans

Employee benefits consist of provident fund, superannuation fund, gratuity fund, compensated absences, long service awards, post-retirement medical benefits, directors'' retirement obligations and family benefit scheme.

2.16.1 Post-employment benefit plans Defined contribution plans

Payments to a defined contribution retirement benefit scheme for eligible employees in the form of superannuation fund are charged as an expense as they fall due. Such benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company does not carry any further obligations, apart from the contributions made.

Defined benefit plans

Contributions to a Provident Fund are made to Tata Chemicals Limited Employees'' Provident Fund Trust, administered by the Company, and are charged to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred. The Trust invests in specific designated instruments as permitted by Indian law. The remaining portion is contributed to the government administered pension fund. The Company is liable for the contribution and any shortfall in interest between the amount of interest realised by the investments and the

annual leave and performance incentives which are expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services.

The cost of compensated absences is accounted as under:

(a) I n case of accumulating compensated absences, when employees render service that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and

(b) In case of non - accumulating compensated absence, when the absences occur.

2.16.3 Other long-term employee benefits

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised as a liability. The cost of providing benefits is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each balance sheet date. Long Service Awards are recognised as a liability at the present value of the obligation at the balance sheet date. All gains/losses due to actuarial valuations are immediately recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

2.17 Employee separation compensation

Compensation paid / payable to employees who have opted for retirement under a Voluntary Retirement Scheme including ex-gratia is charged to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss in the year of separation.

2.18 Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs are interest and ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings. General and specific borrowing costs attributable to acquisition and construction of qualifying assets is added to the cost of the assets upto the date the asset is ready for its intended use. Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted. All other borrowing costs are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.

2.19 Government grants

Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants and subsidies will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire noncurrent assets are recognised as deferred revenue in the Standalone Balance Sheet and transferred to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss on systematic and rational basis over the useful lives of the related asset.

2.20 Segment reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in conformity with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis have been included under ''unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities''.

2.21 Income tax

Tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax. The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company''s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to realise the asset or to settle the liability on a net basis.

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying values of assets and liabilities in the Standalone Financial Statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit and is accounted for using the Standalone Balance Sheet liability method. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction. In contrast, deferred tax assets are only recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilised.

The carrying value of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised based on the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the end of the reporting period. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to cover or settle the carrying value of its assets and liabilities.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset to the extent that they relate to taxes levied by the same tax authority and there are legally enforceable rights to set off current tax assets and current tax liabilities within that jurisdiction.

Current and deferred tax are recognised as an expense or income in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items credited or debited either in Other Comprehensive Income or directly in equity, in which case the tax is also recognised in OCI or directly in equity.

2.22 Provisions and contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required

to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate of the amount can be made. Provisions are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of the money is material). The increase in the provisions due to passage of time is recognised as interest expense.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

Contingent assets are not disclosed in the Standalone Financial Statements unless an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

2.23 Dividend

Final dividend on shares is recorded as a liability on the date of approval by the shareholders and interim dividends are recorded as a liability on the date of declaration by the Company''s Board of Directors.

3. Recent Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) pronouncements which are not yet effective

On March 31, 2023, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) through notification, notified the amendments to existing standards which are effective for annual periods beginning after 1^st April 2023. Key amendments relating to the same where financial statements are required to comply are:

- Amendments to Ind AS 12 Income Taxesâ Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction:

Under the amendments, an entity does not apply the initial recognition exemption for

transactions that give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences. Equal taxable and deductible temporary differences may arise on initial recognition of an asset and liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit. For example, this may arise upon recognition of a lease liability and the corresponding right-of-use asset applying Ind AS 116 Leases at the commencement date of a lease. The amendments should be applied to transactions that occur on or after the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented. In addition, at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented, a deferred tax asset (provided that sufficient taxable profit is available) and a deferred tax liability should also be recognised for all deductible and taxable temporary differences associated with leases and decommissioning obligations.

Amendments to Ind AS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements - Disclosure of Accounting Policies:

The amendments replace all instances of the term ''significant accounting policies'' with ''material accounting policy information''. Accounting policy information is material if, when considered together with other information included in an entity''s financial statements, it can reasonably be expected to influence decisions that the primary users of general-purpose financial statements make on the basis of those financial statements. The supporting paragraph in Ind AS 1 are also amended to clarify that accounting

policy information that relates to immaterial transactions, other events or conditions is immaterial and need not be disclosed. Accounting policy information may be material because of the nature of the related transactions, other events or conditions, even if the amounts are immaterial. However, not all accounting policy information relating to material transactions, other events or conditions is itself material.

Amendments to Ind AS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errorsâ Definition of Accounting Estimates:

The amendments replace the definition of a change in accounting estimates with a definition of accounting estimates. Under the new definition, accounting estimates are "monetary amounts in financial statements that are subject to measurement uncertainty". The amendments clarify the distinction between changes in accounting estimates and changes in accounting policies and the correction of errors. Also, they clarify how entities use measurement techniques and inputs to develop accounting estimates.

These amendments are not expected to have a significant impact on the Company''s Standalone Financial Statements. This assessment is based on currently available information and may be subject to changes arising from further reasonable and supportable information being made available to the company when it will adopt the respective standards.

Mar 31, 2022

1. Corporate information

2. Summary of basis of compliance, basis of preparation and presentation, critical accounting estimates, assumptions and judgements and significant accounting policies

2.1 Basis of compliance

The Standalone Financial Statements comply, in all material aspects, with Indian Accounting Standards (''Ind AS'') notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (''the Act'' or ''the 2013 Act'') read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and other relevant provisions of the Act.

2.2. Basis of preparation and presentation

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Act.

2.3 Critical accounting estimates, assumptions and judgements

The preparation of the Standalone Financial Statements requires management to make

The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying values of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below.

2.3.1 Deferred income tax assets and liabilities

Significant management judgment is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits.

The amount of total deferred tax assets could change if management estimates of projected future taxable income or if tax regulations undergo a change.

2.3.2 Useful lives of property, plant and equipment (''PPE'') and intangible assets

Management reviews the estimated useful lives and residual value of PPE and Intangibles at the end of each reporting period. Factors such as changes in the expected level of usage, technological developments and product life-cycle, could significantly impact the economic useful lives and the residual values of these assets. Consequently, the future depreciation charge could be revised and may have an impact on the profit of the future years.

2.3.3 Employee benefit obligations

Employee benefit obligations are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation

involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments. These include the estimation of the appropriate discount rate, future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, the employee benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.

2.3.4 Provisions and contingencies

From time to time, the Company is subject to legal proceedings, the ultimate outcome of each being subject to uncertainties inherent in litigation. A provision for litigation is made when it is considered probable that a payment will be made and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgement is required when evaluating the provision including, the probability of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of potential loss. Litigation provisions are reviewed at each accounting period and revisions made for the changes in facts and circumstances. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the notes forming part of the Standalone Financial Statements. Contingent assets are not disclosed in the Standalone Financial Statements unless an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

2.3.5 Impairment of investment in subsidiaries and goodwill

2.4 Foreign currency translation

The functional currency of the Company (i.e. the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates) is the Indian Rupee ('').

2.5 Property, plant and equipment

The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision is met.

Machinery spares that meet the definition of PPE are capitalised and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of an asset.

PPE acquired and put to use for projects are capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in the project cost till the project is ready for commissioning.

Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Depreciation on PPE (except leasehold improvements) is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate their cost, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives. However, leasehold improvements are depreciated on a straight-line method over the shorter of their respective useful lives or the tenure of the lease arrangement. Freehold land is not depreciated.

Asset	Useful life
Salt Works, Water works, Reservoirs and Pans	1-30 years
Plant and Machinery	1-60 years
Traction Lines and Railway Sidings	15 years
Factory Buildings	5-60 years
Other Buildings	5-60 years
Furniture and Fittings and Office Equipment (including Computers and Data Processing Equipment)	1-10 years
Vehicles	4-10 years

Useful lives and residual values of assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting period.

Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains or losses arising from disposal/adjustments of PPE are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

2.6 Intangible assets

Intangible assets comprise software licenses, product registration fees and rights to use railway wagon.

Intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Asset	Useful life
Computer software	5 years
Other intangible assets	4- 20 years

The estimated useful life is reviewed annually by the management.

2.7 Capital work-in-progress (''CWIP'') and intangible assets under development

Projects under commissioning and other CWIP/ intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost.

Advances given to acquire property, plant and equipment are recorded as non-current assets and subsequently transferred to CWIP on acquisition of related assets.

2.8 Investment property

Investment properties are land and buildings that are held for long term lease rental yields and/ or for capital appreciation. Investment properties are initially recognised at cost including transaction costs. Subsequently investment properties comprising buildings are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

of any revision are included in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss when the changes arise.

2.9 Research and development expenses

â¢ the project is clearly defined, and the costs are separately identified and reliably measured;

â¢ t he technical feasibility of the project is demonstrated;

â¢ the ability to use or sell the products created during the project is demonstrated;

â¢ the intention to complete the project exists and use or sale of output manufactured during the project;

â¢ a potential market for the products created during the project exists or their usefulness, in case of internal use, is demonstrated, such that the project will generate probable future economic benefits; and

â¢ adequate resources are available to complete the project.

2.10 Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations

Non-current assets classified as held for sale are measured at lower of their carrying amount and fair value less cost to sell.

Non-current assets classified as held for sale are not depreciated or amortised from the date when they are classified as held for sale.

A discontinued operation is a component of the entity that has been disposed off or is classified as held for sale and:

â¢ tepresents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations and;

â¢ i s part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of such a line of business or area of operations.

The results of discontinued operations are presented separately in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

2.11 Financial instruments

2.11.1 Investments and other financial assets: Classification

The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:

â¢ those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through OCI, or through profit or loss), and

â¢ those measured at amortised cost.

â¢ those measured at carrying cost for equity instruments subsidiaries and joint ventures.

The classification depends on the Company''s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the Cash Flows. For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss or through OCI. For investments in debt instruments, this will depend on the business model in which the investment is held. For investments in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through OCI.

The Company reclassifies debt investments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.

Debt instruments

Measurement

â¢ Amortised cost

Assets that are held for collection of contractual Cash Flows, where those Cash Flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment (unhedged) that is subsequently measured at amortised cost is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate (''EIR'') method.

â¢ Fair value through Other Comprehensive Income (''FVTOCI'')

Assets that are held for collection of contractual Cash Flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assets'' Cash Flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at FVTOCI. Movements in the carrying amount are recorded through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenue and foreign exchange gains or losses which are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. When the financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from equity to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the EIR method.

â¢ Fair value through profit or loss (''FVTPL'')

Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or FVTOCI are measured at FVTPL. A gain or loss on a debt investment (including current investments) that is subsequently measured at FVTPL (unhedged) is recognised net in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which it arises. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income.

Equity instruments

Statement of Profit and Loss within other income when the Company''s right to receive payments is established. Impairment losses (and reversal of impairment losses) on equity investments measured at FVTOCI are not reported separately from other changes in fair value.

Cash and cash equivalents

Derecognition of financial assets

A financial asset is derecognised only when the Company

â¢ has transferred the rights to receive Cash Flows from the financial asset; or

â¢ retains the contractual rights to receive the Cash Flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the Cash Flows to one or more recipients.

2.11.2 Debt and equity instruments

Debt and equity instruments are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangement.

2.11.3 Financial liabilities

The Company''s financial liabilities comprise borrowings, lease liabilities, trade payables and other liabilities. These are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. The EIR is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period at effective interest rate. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments through the expected life of the financial liability, or, where appropriate, a shorter period.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, its obligations are discharged, cancelled or they expire.

Presentation

Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period.

Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period.

2.11.4 Derivatives and hedging activities

I n the ordinary course of business, the Company uses certain derivative financial instruments to reduce business risks which arise from its exposure to foreign exchange and interest rate fluctuations associated with borrowings (cash flow hedges). When the Company opts to undertake hedge accounting, the Company documents, at the inception of the hedging transaction, the economic relationship between hedging instruments and hedged items including whether the hedging instrument is expected to offset changes in Cash Flows or fair values of hedged items. The Company documents its

risk management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions at the inception of each hedge relationship.

Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date the derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period. The accounting for subsequent changes in fair value depends on whether the derivative is designated as a hedging instrument, and if so, the nature of the item being hedged and the type of hedge relationship designated.

Cash flow hedges that qualify for hedge accounting

Amounts accumulated in equity are reclassified to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss on settlement. When the hedged forecast transaction results in the recognition of a non-financial asset, the amounts accumulated in equity with respect to gain or loss relating to the effective portion of the spot component of forward contracts, both the deferred hedging gains and losses and the deferred aligned forward points are included within the initial cost of the asset. The deferred amounts are ultimately recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as the hedged item affects profit or loss.

Derivatives that are not designated as hedges

When derivative contracts to hedge risks are not designated as hedges, such contracts are accounted through FVTPL.

As at the year end, there were no designated accounting hedges.

2.11.5 Financial guarantee contracts

2.11.6 Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset when the Company has a legally enforceable right (not contingent on future events) to off-set the recognised amounts either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

2.11.7 Fair value of financial instruments

In determining the fair value of its financial instruments, the Company uses a variety of methods and assumptions that are based on market conditions and risks existing at each reporting date. The methods used to determine fair value include discounted cash flow analysis, available quoted market prices and dealer quotes. All methods of assessing fair value result in general approximation of value.

2.12 Impairment

Investments in subsidiaries and joint ventures

The Company reviews its carrying value of investment in subsidiaries carried at cost (net of impairment, if any) when there is indication for impairment. If the recoverable amount is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is accounted for in the Standalone Statement of

Profit and Loss. The recoverable amount requires estimates of operating margin, discount rate, future growth rate, terminal values, etc. based on management''s best estimate.

Other financial assets (other than at fair value)

PPE, CWIP, intangible assets and goodwill

For the purpose of assessing impairment, the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets is considered as a cash generating unit ("CGU"). The carrying values of assets / CGU at each balance sheet date are reviewed to determine whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets / CGU is estimated and in case the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount, an impairment loss is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. The recoverable amount is the higher of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future Cash Flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. Assessment is also done at each balance sheet date as to whether there is indication that an

impairment loss recognised for an asset in prior accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, consequent to which such reversal of impairment loss is recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

The Company reviews its carrying value of goodwill annually, or more frequently when there is indication for impairment. If the recoverable amount is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is accounted for in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in a subsequent period.

2.13 Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary on an item-by-item basis. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, taxes and duties. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

2.14 Revenue recognition

2.14.1 Sale of goods

Revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods. Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised at the point in time when control is transferred to the customer which is usually on dispatch / delivery of goods, based on contracts with the customers. Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for volume discounts, price concessions, incentives, and returns, if any, as specified in the contracts with the customers. Revenue excludes taxes collected from customers on behalf of the government. Accruals for discounts/incentives and returns are estimated (using the most likely method) based on accumulated experience and underlying schemes and agreements with customers. Due to the short nature of credit period given to customers, there is no financing component in the contract.

2.14.2 Interest income

For all debt instruments measured either at amortised cost or at FVTOCI, interest income is recorded using the EIR method.

2.14.3 Dividend income

Dividend income is accounted for when Company''s right to receive the income is established.

2.14.4 Insurance claims

Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

2.15 Leases

As a lessee, The Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.

The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

The Company has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognises the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company applied a single discount rate to a portfolio of leases of similar assets in similar economic environment with a similar end date.

2.16 Employee benefits plans

2.16.1 Post-employment benefit plans Defined contribution plans

Defined benefit plans

The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the Standalone Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets.

The present value of the said obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows, using market yields of government bonds of equivalent term and currency to the liability.

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or

curtailments are recognised immediately in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss as past service cost.

2.16.2 Short-term employee benefits

The short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees is recognised during the period when the employee renders the service. These benefits include compensated absences such as paid annual leave and performance incentives which are expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services.

The cost of compensated absences is accounted as under:

(a) In case of accumulating compensated absences, when employees render service that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and

(b) In case of non - accumulating compensated absence, when the absences occur.

2.16.3 Other long-term employee benefits

2.17 Employee separation compensation

2.18 Borrowing costs

use. Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted. All other borrowing costs are recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.

2.19 Government grants

2.20 Segment reporting

The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information is available and for which operating profit/loss amounts are evaluated regularly by the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer (who is the Company''s chief operating decision maker) in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in conformity with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis have been included under ''unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities''.

2.21 Income tax

items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company''s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

2.22 Provisions and contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate of the amount can be made. Provisions are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. When a provision is measured using the Cash Flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those Cash Flows (when the effect of the time value of the money is material). The increase in the provisions due to passage of time is recognised as interest expense.

Provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate. If it is no longer probable that the outflow of resources would be required to settle the obligation, the provision is reversed. Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

Contingent assets are not disclosed in the Standalone Financial Statements unless an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

2.23 Dividend

2.24 Business combinations

The Company accounts for the common control transactions in accordance with the ''pooling of interest'' method prescribed under Ind AS 103 - Business Combination for common control transactions and as per the provisions of respective

schemes approved by the regulators, where all the assets and liabilities of transferor companies would be recorded at the book value as at the Appointed date.

3. Recent Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) pronouncements which are not yet effective

On 23 March 2022, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") through notifications, amended the existing Ind AS. The same shall come into force from annual reporting period beginning on or after April 1 2022. Key Amendments relating to the same where financial statements are required to comply with Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules 2015 are:

- I nd AS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment - For items produced during testing/trial phase, clarification added that revenue generated out of the same shall not be recognised in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss and considered as part of cost of PPE.

- Ind AS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities & Contingent Assets - Guidance on what constitutes cost of fulfilling contracts (to determine whether the contract is onerous or not) is included.

- I nd AS 41 Agriculture- This aligns the fair value measurement in Ind AS 41 with the requirements of Ind AS 113 Fair Value Measurement to use internally consistent Cash Flows and discount rates and enables preparers to determine whether to use pre-tax or post-tax Cash Flows and discount rates for the most appropriate fair value measurement.

- Ind AS 101 - First time Adoption of Ind AS -Measurement of Foreign Currency Translation Difference in case of subsidiary/associate/ JV''s date of transition to Ind AS is subsequent to that of Parent - FCTR in the books of subsidiary/associate/ JV can be measured based on Consolidated Financial Statements.

- I nd AS 103 - Business Combination - Reference to revised Conceptual Framework. For contingent liabilities / levies, clarification is added on how to apply the principles for recognition of contingent liabilities from Ind AS 37. Recognition of contingent assets is not allowed.

- Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments - The amendment clarifies which fees an entity includes when it applies the ''10 per cent'' test in assessing whether to derecognise a financial liability.

The amendments are extensive and the Company will evaluate the same to give effect to them as required by

Mar 31, 2019

1. Summary of basis of compliance, basis of preparation and presentation, critical accounting estimates, assumptions and judgements and significant accounting policies

1.1 Basis of compliance

The financial statements comply, in all material aspects, with Indian Accounting Standards (âInd ASâ) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (âthe 2013 Actâ) read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and other relevant provisions of the Act.

1.2 Basis of preparation and presentation

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for certain financial instruments and defined benefit plans which are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Companyâs normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the 2013 Act.

1.3 Critical accounting estimates, assumptions and judgements

The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported balances of assets and liabilities and disclosures as at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expense for the periods presented.

The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying values of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below.

1.3.1 Deferred income tax assets and liabilities

Significant management judgment is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits.

The amount of total deferred tax assets could change if management estimates of projected future taxable income or if tax regulations undergo a change.

1.3.2 Useful lives of property, plant and equipment (âPPEâ) and intangible assets

Management reviews the estimated useful lives and residual value of PPE and Intangibles at the end of each reporting period. Factors such as changes in the expected level of usage, technological developments and product life-cycle, could significantly impact the economic useful lives and the residual values of these assets. Consequently, the future depreciation charge could be revised and may have an impact on the profit of the future years.

1.3.3 Employee benefit obligations

Employee benefit obligations are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments. These include the estimation of the appropriate discount rate, future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its longterm nature, the employee benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.

1.3.4 Provisions and contingencies

From time to time, the Company is subject to legal proceedings, the ultimate outcome of each being subject to uncertainties inherent in litigation. A provision for litigation is made when it is considered probable that a payment will be made and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgement is required when evaluating the provision including, the probability of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of potential loss. Litigation provisions are reviewed at each accounting period and revisions made for the changes in facts and circumstances. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the notes forming part of the financial statements. Contingent assets are not disclosed in the financial statements unless an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

1.4 Foreign currency translation

The functional currency of Tata Chemicals Limited (i.e. the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates) is the Indian Rupee O.

On initial recognition, all foreign currency transactions are recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities, denominated in a foreign currency, are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on the Balance Sheet date and the resultant exchange gains or losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

1.5 Property, plant and equipment

An item of property, plant and equipment is recognised as an asset if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and its cost can be measured reliably. This recognition principle is applied to the costs incurred initially to acquire an item of property, plant and equipment and also to costs incurred subsequently to add to, replace part of, or service it and subsequently carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision is met.

Machinery spares that meet the definition of PPE are capitalised and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of an asset.

All other repair and maintenance costs, including regular servicing, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred. When a replacement occurs, the carrying value of the replaced part is de-recognised. Where an item of property, plant and equipment comprises major components having different useful lives, these components are accounted for as separate items.

PPE acquired and put to use for projects are capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in the project cost till the project is ready for commissioning.

Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Depreciation on PPE (except leasehold improvements and PPE acquired under finance lease) is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate their cost, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives. However, leasehold improvements and PPE acquired under finance lease are depreciated on a straight-line method over the shorter of their respective useful lives or the tenure of the lease arrangement. Freehold land is not depreciated.

Schedule II to the Companies Act 2013 prescribes the useful lives for various class of assets. For certain class of assets, based on technical evaluation and assessment, Management believes that the useful lives adopted by it reflects the periods over which these assets are expected to be used. Accordingly for those assets, the useful lives estimated by the management are different from those prescribed in the Schedule. Managementâs estimates of the useful lives for various class of fixed assets are as given below:

Useful lives and residual values of assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting period.

Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains or losses arising from disposal/adjustments of PPE are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

1.6 Intangible assets

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the cost of the acquired businesses in excess of the fair value of identifiable tangible and intangible net assets purchased. Goodwill is not amortised; however it is tested annually for impairment and carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Other Intangible assets

Intangible assets comprise software licenses and rights to use railway wagon.

Intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The intangible assets with a finite useful life are amortised using straight line method over their estimated useful lives. The managementâs estimates of the useful lives for various class of Intangibles are as given below:

The estimated useful life is reviewed annually by the management.

1.7 Capital work-in-progress (âCWIPâ) and intangible assets under development

Projects under commissioning and other CWIP/ intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost.

Advances given to acquire property, plant and equipment are recorded as non-current assets and subsequently transferred to CWIP on acquisition of related assets.

1.8 Investment property

An investment property is de-recognised when either the investment property has been disposed of or do not meet the criteria of investment property i.e. when the investment property is permanently withdrawn from use and no future economic benefit is expected from its disposal. The difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period of de-recognition.

1.9 Research and development expenses

Research expenses are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss as expenses in the year in which they are incurred. Development costs are capitalised as an intangible asset under development when the following criteria are met:

the project is clearly defined, and the costs are separately identified and reliably measured;

the technical feasibility of the project is demonstrated;

the ability to use or sell the products created during the project is demonstrated;

the intention to complete the project exists and use or sale of output manufactured during the project;

a potential market for the products created during the project exists or their usefulness, in case of internal use, is demonstrated, such that the project will generate probable future economic benefits; and

adequate resources are available to complete the project.

1.10 Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations

Non-current assets classified as held for sale are measured at lower of their carrying amount and fair value less cost to sell.

Non-current assets classified as held for sale are not depreciated or amortised from the date when they are classified as held for sale.

A discontinued operation is a component of the entity that has been disposed off or is classified as held for sale and:

represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations and;

- is part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of such a line of business or area of operations.

The results of discontinued operations are presented separately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

1.11 Financial instruments

1.11.1 Investments and other financial assets: Classification

The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:

those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through OCI, or through profit or loss), and

those measured at amortised cost.

The classification depends on the Companyâs business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows. For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in the Statement of Profit and Loss or through OCI. For investments in debt instruments, this will depend on the business model in which the investment is held. For investments in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through OCI. The Company has elected to consider the carrying cost of equity investments in subsidiaries and joint venture at cost.

The Company reclassifies debt investments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.

Debt instruments

Measurement

Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Companyâs business model for managing the asset and the cash flow characteristics of the asset. There are three measurement categories into which the Company classifies its debt instruments:

- Amortised cost

Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows, where those cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment (unhedged) that is subsequently measured at amortised cost is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate (âEIRâ) method.

- Fair value through other comprehensive income (âFVTOCIO

Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assetsâ cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at FVTOCI. Movements in the carrying amount are recorded through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenue and foreign exchange gains or losses which are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. When the financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from equity to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the EIR method.

- Fair value through profit or loss (âFVTPL)

Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or FVTOCI are measured at FVTPL. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at FVTPL (unhedged) is recognised net in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which it arises. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income.

Equity instruments

The Company subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value. Where the Companyâs management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in OCI, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to the Statement of Profit and Loss. When the financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified to equity. Dividends from such investments are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss within other income when the Companyâs right to receive payments is established. Impairment losses (and reversal of impairment losses) on equity investments measured at FVTOCI are not reported separately from other changes in fair value.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid financial instruments, which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash, that are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value with a maturity within three months or less from the date of purchase, to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.

Derecognition of financial assets

A financial asset is derecognised only when the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset; or

retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

1.11.2 Debt and equity instruments

Debt and equity instruments are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangement.

1.11.3 Financial liabilities

The Companyâs financial liabilities comprise borrowings, trade payables and other liabilities. These are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. The EIR is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period at effective interest rate. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments through the expected life of the financial liability, or, where appropriate, a shorter period.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, its obligations are discharged, cancelled or they expire.

Presentation

Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period.

Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period.

1.11.4 Derivatives and hedging activities

I n the ordinary course of business, the Company uses certain derivative financial instruments to reduce business risks which arise from its exposure to foreign exchange and interest rate fluctuations associated with borrowings (cash flow hedges). When the Company opts to undertake hedge accounting, the Company documents, at the inception of the hedging transaction, the economic relationship between hedging instruments and hedged items including whether the hedging instrument is expected to offset changes in cash flows or fair values of hedged items. The Company documents its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions at the inception of each hedge relationship.

Cash flow hedges that qualify for hedge accounting

Amounts accumulated in equity are reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss on settlement.

When the hedged forecast transaction results in the recognition of a non-financial asset, the amounts accumulated in equity with respect to gain or loss relating to the effective portion of the spot component of forward contracts, both the deferred hedging gains and losses and the deferred aligned forward points are included within the initial cost of the asset. The deferred amounts are ultimately recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as the hedged item affects profit or loss.

Derivatives that are not designated as hedges

When derivative contracts to hedge risks are not designated as hedges, such contracts are accounted through FVTPL.

As at the year end, there were no designated accounting hedges.

The entire fair value of a hedging derivative is classified as a noncurrent asset or liability when the remaining maturity of the hedged item exceeds 12 months; it is classified as a current asset or liability when the remaining maturity of the hedged item does not exceeRs. 12 months.

1.11.5 Financial guarantee contracts

Financial guarantee contracts are recognised as a financial liability at the time of issuance of guarantee. The liability is initially measured at fair value and are subsequently measured at the higher of the amount of loss allowance determined, or the amount initially recognised less, the cumulative amount of income recognised.

1.11.6 Offsetting of financial instruments

1.11.7 Fair value of financial instruments

In determining the fair value of its financial instruments, the Company uses a variety of methods and assumptions that are based on market conditions and risks existing at each reporting date. The methods used to determine fair value include discounted cash flow analysis, available quoted market prices and dealer quotes. All methods of assessing fair value result in general approximation of value.

1.12 Impairment

Financial assets (other than at fair value)

PPE, CWIP and intangible assets

The carrying values of assets / cash generating units (âCGUâ) at each Balance Sheet date are reviewed to determine whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets / CGU is estimated and in case the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount, an impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The recoverable amount is the higher of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. Assessment is also done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in prior accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, consequent to which such reversal of impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Goodwill

Goodwill is tested for impairment, at least annually and whenever circumstances indicate that it may be impaired. For the purpose of impairment testing, the Goodwill is allocated to a CGU or group of CGUs, which are expected to benefit from the synergies arising from the business combination in which the said Goodwill arose.

I f the estimated recoverable amount of the CGU including the Goodwill is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the CGU and then to the other assets of the CGU on a pro-rata basis of the carrying amount of each asset in the unit.

1.13 Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, taxes and duties. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

1.14 Revenue recognition

1.14.1 Sale of goods

Revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods.

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised at the point in time when control is transferred to the customer which is usually on dispatch / delivery of goods, based on contracts with the customers.

Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for volume discounts, price concessions, incentives, and returns, if any, as specified in the contracts with the customers. Revenue excludes taxes collected from customers on behalf of the government. Accruals for discounts/incentives and returns are estimated (using the most likely method) based on accumulated experience and underlying schemes and agreements with customers. Due to the short nature of credit period given to customers, there is no financing component in the contract.

The Company has adopted Ind AS 115 Revenue from contracts with customers, with effect from April 1, 2018. Ind AS 115 establishes principles for reporting information about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows arising from the contracts with its customers and replaces Ind AS 18 Revenue and Ind AS 11 Construction Contracts.

The Company has adopted Ind AS 115 using the cumulative effect method whereby the effect of applying this standard is recognised at the date of initial application (i.e. April 1, 2018). Accordingly, the comparative information in the statement of profit and loss is not restated. The impact of the adoption of the standard on the financial statements of the Company is given in note 24.

1.14.2 Interest income

For all debt instruments measured either at amortised cost or at FVTOCI, interest income is recorded using the EIR method.

1.14.3 Dividend income

Dividend income is accounted for when Companyâs right to receive the income is established.

1.14.4 Insurance claims

I nsurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted / expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

1.15 Leases

The determination of whether an agreement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the agreement at the date of inception.

Finance Leases:

Lease arrangements in which substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the under-lying assets are transferred to the Company, are classified as finance lease.

Assets held under finance leases are initially recognised at their fair value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the Balance Sheet as a finance lease obligation. Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.

Operating leases:

The leases which are not classified as finance lease are operating leases.

Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset substantially vest with the lessor are recognised as operating leases. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term unless the payments are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the lessorâs expected inflationary cost increases.

1.16 Employee benefits plans

Employee benefits consist of provident fund, superannuation fund, gratuity fund, compensated absences, long service awards, post-retirement medical benefits, directorsâ retirement obligations and family benefit scheme.

1.16.1 Post-employment benefit plans

Defined contribution plans

Defined benefit plans

Contributions to a Provident Fund are made to Tata Chemicals Limited Employeesâ Provident Fund Trust, administered by the Company, and are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred. The Trust invests in specific designated instruments as permitted by Indian law. The remaining portion is contributed to the government administered pension fund. The Company is liable for the contribution and any shortfall in interest between the amount of interest realised by the investments and the interest payable to members at the rate declared by the Government of India in respect of the Trust administered by the Company.

For defined benefit schemes in the form of gratuity fund, provident fund, post-retirement medical benefits, pension liabilities (including directorsâ) and family benefit scheme, the cost of providing benefits is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date.

The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets.

The present value of the said obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows, using market yields of government bonds of equivalent term and currency to the liability.

Remeasurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling (if any), are recognised immediately in the Balance Sheet with a corresponding charge or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss in subsequent periods.

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss as past service cost.

1.16.2 Short-term employee benefits

The cost of compensated absences is accounted as under:

(a) In case of accumulating compensated absences, when employees render service that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and

(b) In case of non - accumulating compensated absence, when the absences occur.

1.16.3 Other long-term employee benefits

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised as a liability. The cost of providing benefits is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Long Service Awards are recognised as a liability at the present value of the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. All gains/losses due to actuarial valuations are immediately recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

1.17 Employee separation compensation

Compensation paid / payable to employees who have opted for retirement under a Voluntary Retirement Scheme including ex-gratia is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year of separation.

1.18 Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs are interest and ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings. General and specific borrowing costs attributable to acquisition and construction of qualifying assets is added to the cost of the assets upto the date the asset is ready for its intended use. Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted. All other borrowing costs are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.

1.19 Government grants

Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants and subsidies will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire non-current assets are recognised as deferred revenue in the Balance sheet and transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss on systematic and rational basis over the useful lives of the related asset.

1.20 Segment reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in conformity with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis have been included under âunallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities.

1.21 Income tax

Tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax. The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the Statement of Profit or Loss because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The Companyâs liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying values of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit and is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction. In contrast, deferred tax assets are only recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilised.

Current and deferred tax are recognised as an expense or income in the statement of profit and loss, except when they relate to items credited or debited either in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case the tax is also recognised in OCI or directly in equity.

Deferred tax assets include a credit for the Minimum Alternate Tax (âMATâ) paid in accordance with the tax laws, which is likely to give future economic benefits in the form of availability of set off against future income tax liability. MAT asset is recognised as deferred tax assets in the Balance Sheet when the asset can be measured reliably, and it is probable that the future economic benefit associated with the asset will be realised.

1.22 Provisions and contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate of the amount can be made. Provisions are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of the money is material). The increase in the provisions due to passage of time is recognised as interest expense. Provisions are reviewed as at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current estimate.

Contingent assets are not disclosed in the financial statements unless an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

1.23 Dividend

Mar 31, 2018

1.1 Basis of compliance

1.2 Basis of preparation and presentation

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Companyâs normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the 2013 Act.

The Companyâs opening Balance Sheet was prepared as at 1 April, 2015 (âTransition Dateâ), the Companyâs date of transition to Ind-AS.

1.3 Critical accounting estimates, assumptions and judgements

The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying values of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below.

1.3.1 Deferred income tax assets and liabilities

Significant management judgment is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits.

The amount of total deferred tax assets could change if management estimates of projected future taxable income or if tax regulations undergo a change.

1.3.2 Useful lives of property, plant and equipment (âPPEâ) and intangible assets

Management reviews the estimated useful lives and residual value of PPE and Intangibles at the end of each reporting period. Factors such as changes in the expected level of usage, technological developments and product life-cycle, could significantly impact the economic useful lives and the residual values of these assets. Consequently, the future depreciation charge could be revised and may have an impact on the profit of the future years.

1.3.3 Employee benefit obligations

1.3.4 Provisions and contingencies

From time to time, the Company is subject to legal proceedings, the ultimate outcome of each being subject to uncertainties inherent in litigation. A provision for litigation is made when it is considered probable that a payment will be made and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgement is required when evaluating the provision including, the probability of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of potential loss. Litigation provisions are reviewed at each accounting period and revisions made for the changes in facts and circumstances. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the notes forming part of the financial statements. Contingent assets are not disclosed in the financial statements unless an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

1.4 Foreign currency translation

The functional currency of Tata Chemicals Limited (i.e. the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates) is the Indian Rupee (Rs.).

On initial recognition, all foreign currency transactions are recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities, denominated in a foreign currency, are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on the Balance Sheet date and the resultant exchange gains or losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

1.5 Property, plant and equipment

The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision is met.

Machinery spares that meet the definition of PPE are capitalised and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of asset.

All other repair and maintenance costs, including regular servicing, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as incurred. When a replacement occurs, the carrying value of the replaced part is derecognised. Where an item of property, plant and equipment comprises major components having different useful lives, these components are accounted for as separate items.

PPE acquired and put to use for projects are capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in the project cost till the project is ready for commissioning.

Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 prescribes the useful lives for various class of assets. For certain class of assets, based on technical evaluation and assessment, Management believes that the useful lives adopted by it reflects the periods over which these assets are expected to be used. Accordingly for those assets, the useful lives estimated by the management are different from those prescribed in the Schedule. Managementâs estimates of the useful lives for various class of fixed assets are as given below:

Useful lives and residual values of assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting period.

Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains or losses arising from disposal/adjustments of PPE are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

1.6 Intangible assets

Intangible assets generally comprise software licenses and rights to use railway wagon.

Intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The estimated useful life is reviewed annually by the management.

1.7 Capital work-in-progress (âCWIPâ) and intangible assets under development

Projects under commissioning and other CWIP/ intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost.

1.8 Investment property

Investment properties are land and buildings that are held for long term lease rental yields and/or for capital appreciation. Investment properties are initially recognised at cost including transaction costs. Subsequently investment properties comprising buildings are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

An investment property is de-recognised when either the investment property has been disposed of or do not meet the criteria of investment property i.e. when the investment property is permanently withdrawn from use and no future economic benefit is expected from its disposal. The difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period of de-recognition.

1.9 Research and development expenses

- the project is clearly defined, and the costs are separately identified and reliably measured;

- the technical feasibility of the project is demonstrated;

- the ability to use or sell the products created during the project is demonstrated;

- the intention to complete the project exists and use or sale of output manufactured during the project;

- a potential market for the products created during the project exists or their usefulness, in case of internal use, is demonstrated, such that the project will generate probable future economic benefits; and

- adequate resources are available to complete the project.

1.10 Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations

Non-current assets classified as held for sale are measured at lower of their carrying amount and fair value less cost to sell.

Non-current assets classified as held for sale are not depreciated or amortised from the date when they are classified as held for sale.

A discontinued operation is a component of the entity that has been disposed of or is classified as held for sale and:

- represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations and;

- is part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of such a line of business or area of operations.

The results of discontinued operations are presented separately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

1.11 Financial instruments

1.11.1 Investments and other financial assets: Classification

The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:

- those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through OCI, or through profit or loss), and

- those measured at amortised cost.

The Company reclassifies debt investments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.

Debt instruments

Measurement

At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value (other than financial asset at fair value through profit or loss). Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial assets are added to the fair value measured on initial recognition. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

- Amortised cost

Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows, where those cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment (unhedged) that is subsequently measured at amortised cost is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in finance income using the effective interest rate (âEIRâ) method.

- Fair value through other comprehensive income (âFVTOCIâ)

- Fair value through profit or loss (âFVTPLâ)

Equity instruments

Cash and cash equivalents

Derecognition of financial assets

A financial asset is derecognised only when the Company

- has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset; or

- retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

1.11.2 Debt and equity instruments

Debt and equity instruments are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangement.

1.11.3 Financial liabilities

Derecognition of financial liabilities

The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, its obligations are discharged, cancelled or they expire.

Presentation

Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period.

Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period.

1.11.4 Derivatives and hedging activities

Cash flow hedges that qualify for hedge accounting

Amounts accumulated in equity are reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss on settlement. When the hedged forecast transaction results in the recognition of a non-financial asset, the amounts accumulated in equity with respect to gain or loss relating to the effective portion of the spot component of forward contracts, both the deferred hedging gains and losses and the deferred aligned forward points are included within the initial cost of the asset. The deferred amounts are ultimately recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as the hedged item affects profit or loss.

Derivatives that are not designated as hedges

When derivative contracts to hedge risks are not designated as hedges, such contracts are accounted through FVTPL.

As at the year end, there were no designated accounting hedges.

1.11.5 Financial guarantee contracts

1.11.6 Offsetting of financial instruments

1.11.7 Fair value of financial instruments

In determining the fair value of its financial instruments, the Company uses a variety of methods and assumptions that are based on market conditions and risks existing at each reporting date. The methods used to determine fair value include discounted cash flow analysis, available quoted market prices and dealer quotes. All methods of assessing fair value result in general approximation of value.

1.12 Impairment

Financial assets (other than at fair value)

PPE, CWIP and intangible assets

1.13 Inventories

1.14 Revenue recognition

1.14.1 Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of returns, including estimated returns where applicable, and trade discounts, rebates and related taxes, when all significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer, either on despatch or delivery of goods, based on the contracts.

In respect of Urea, sales are recognised based on concession rates as notified under the New Pricing Scheme. Equated freight claims and escalation claims for Urea sales are estimated by Management based on the norms prescribed or notified under the said Scheme. In case of Complex Fertilisers, sales include price concessions, as notified under the Nutrient Based Subsidy policy, or as estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed.

1.14.2 Interest income

For all debt instruments measured either at amortised cost or at FVTOCI, interest income is recorded using the EIR method.

1.14.3 Dividend income

Dividend income is accounted for when Companyâs right to receive the income is established.

1.14.4 Insurance claims

Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted / expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

1.15 Leases

The determination of whether an agreement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the agreement at the date of inception.

Finance Leases:

Lease arrangements in which substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the under-lying assets are transferred to the Company, are classified as finance lease.

Operating leases:

The leases which are not classified as finance lease are operating leases.

1.16 Employee benefits plans

1.16.1 Post-employment benefit plans

Defined contribution plans

Defined benefit plans

For defined benefit schemes in the form of gratuity fund, post-retirement medical benefits, pension liabilities (including directorsâ) and family benefit scheme, the cost of providing benefits is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date.

The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets.

The present value of the said obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows, using market yields of government bonds of equivalent term and currency to the liability.

The interest income/(expense) are calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The net interest income/(expense) on the net defined benefit liability is recognised in the Statement of Profit and loss.

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss as past service cost.

1.16.2 Short-term employee benefits

The cost of compensated absences is accounted as under:

(a) In case of accumulating compensated absences, when employees render service that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and

(b) In case of non-accumulating compensated absence, when the absences occur.

1.16.3 Other long-term employee benefits

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised as a liability. The cost of providing benefits is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Long Service Awards are recognised as a liability at the present value of the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. All gains/losses due to actuarial valuations are immediately recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

1.17 Employee separation compensation

Compensation paid/payable to employees who have opted for retirement under a Voluntary Retirement Scheme including ex-gratia is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year of separation.

1.18 Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs are interest and ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings. General and specific borrowing costs attributable to acquisition and construction of qualifying assets is added to the cost of the assets upto the date the asset is ready for its intended use. Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted. All other borrowing costs are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.

1.19 Government grants

Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants and subsidies will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire noncurrent assets are recognised as deferred revenue in the Balance sheet and transferred to the Statement of Profit and Loss on systematic and rational basis over the useful lives of the related asset.

1.20 Segment reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in conformity with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis have been included under âunallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities.

1.21 Income tax

Tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax. The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the statement of profit and loss because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The Companyâs liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

1.22 Provisions and contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate of the amount can be made. Provisions are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of the money is material). The increase in the provisions due to passage of time is recognised as interest expense. Provisions are reviewed as at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current estimate.

Contingent assets are not disclosed in the financial statements unless an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

1.23 Dividend

Mar 31, 2017

1. CORPORATE INFORMATION

Tata Chemicals Limited (the ''Company'') is a public limited company domiciled in India. Its shares are listed on two stock exchanges in India viz, the Bombay Stock Exchange (''BSE'') and the National Stock Exchange (''NSE''). The Company is engaged in diversified businesses dealing in inorganic chemicals, fertilizers, other agri inputs, consumer and nutritional solutions business. The Company has a global presence with key subsidiaries in United States of America (USA), United Kingdom (UK) and Kenya that are engaged in the manufacture and sale of soda ash, industrial salt and related products.

2. SUMMARY OF BASIS OF COMPLIANCE, BASIS OF PREPARATION AND PRESENTATION, CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES, ASSUMPTIONS AND JUDGMENTS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

2.1. Basis of compliance

The financial statements comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (''Ind AS'') notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (''the 2013 Act'') read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and other relevant provisions of the Act.

Until the adoption ofInd AS, for all periods up to and including the year ended 31 March, 2016, the Company prepared its financial statements in accordance with Section 133 of the 2013 Act, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 (''Previous GAAP'').

Reconciliation and description of the effects of the transition has been summarized in note 4.

2.2. Basis of preparation and presentation

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention using the accrual method of accounting basis, except for certain financial instruments that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period as explained in the significant accounting polices below.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the 2013 Act.

2.3. Critical accounting estimates, assumptions and judgments

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Impact on account of revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and future periods are affected.

The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying values of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below.

2.3.1. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities

Significant management judgment is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognized, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits.

The amount of total deferred tax assets could change if estimates of projected future taxable income or if tax regulations undergo a change.

2.3.2. Useful lives of Property, plant and equipment (''PPE'')

The Management reviews the estimated useful lives and residual value of PPE at the end of each reporting period. The factors such as changes in the expected level of usage, number of shifts of production, technological developments and product life-cycle, could significantly impact the economic useful lives and the residual values of these assets. Consequently, the future depreciation charge could be revised and thereby could have an impact on the profit of the future years.

2.3.3. Impairment of investments

The Company reviews its carrying value of investments carried at amortized cost annually, or more frequently when there is an indication for impairment. If the recoverable amount is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is accounted for.

2.3.4. Employee benefit obligations

Employee benefit obligations are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, employee benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.

2.3.5. Litigation

From time to time, the Company is subject to legal proceedings, the ultimate outcome of each being always subject to many uncertainties inherent in litigation. A provision for litigation is made when it is considered probable that a payment will be made and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment is made when evaluating, among other factors, the probability of unfavorable outcome and the ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of potential loss. Litigation provisions are reviewed at each accounting period and revisions made for the changes in facts and circumstances.

2.4. Foreign currency translation

The functional currency of Tata Chemicals Limited (i.e. the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates) is Indian Rupee (Rs,).

On initial recognition, all foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction. As at the reporting date, foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on the Balance Sheet date and the exchange gains or losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

2.5. Property, plant and equipment

PPE is measured on initial recognition at cost net of taxes / duties, credits availed, if any, and subsequently carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost of PPE includes interest on borrowings directly attributable to acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets. Qualifying assets are assets which necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready. Borrowing cost and other directly attributable cost are added to the cost of those assets until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use which generally coincides with the commissioning date of those assets.

The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision is met.

Machinery spares that meet the definition of PPE are capitalized and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of asset.

PPE acquired and put to use for projects are capitalized and depreciation thereon is included in the project cost till the project is ready for commissioning.

Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Useful lives and residual values of assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting period.

Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains or losses arising from disposal of PPE are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

2.6. Intangible assets

Intangibles generally comprise of software license and rights to use railway wagon.

Intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The estimated useful life is reviewed annually by the management.

2.7. Capital work-in-progress and intangible assets under development

Projects under commissioning and other capital work-in-progress/intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost.

2.8. Research and development expenses

Research expenses are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss as expenses in the year in which they are incurred. Development costs are capitalized as an intangible asset under development when the following criteria are met:

- the project is clearly defined, and the costs are separately identified and reliably measured;

- the technical feasibility of the project is demonstrated;

- the ability to use or sell the products created during the project is demonstrated;

- the intention exists to finish the project and use or sell the products created during the project;

- a potential market for the products created during the project exists or their usefulness, in case of internal use, is demonstrated, leading one to believe that the project will generate probable future economic benefits; and

- adequate resources are available to complete the project.

These development costs are amortized over the estimated useful life of the projects or the products they are incorporated within. The amortization of capitalized development costs begins as soon as the related product is released.

2.9. Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operation

Non-current assets (or disposal groups) are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use and a sale is considered highly probable.

Non-current assets and disposal group classified as held for sale are measured at lower of their carrying amount and fair value less cost to sell.

Non-current assets classified as held for sale are not depreciated or amortized from the date when they are classified as held for sale.

A discontinued operation is a component of the entity that has been disposed of or is classified as held for sale and that represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations and is part of a single co-ordinate plan to dispose of such a line of business or area of operations.

The results of discontinued operation are presented separately in the Statement of Profit and Loss from continuing operations.

2.10 Financial instruments

2.10.1 Investments and other financial assets:

Classification

The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:

- those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through OCI, or through profit or loss), and

- those measured at amortized cost.

The classification depends on the Company''s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows. For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in profit or loss or OCI. For investments in debt instruments, this will depend on the business model in which the investment is held. For investments in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through OCI.

The Company reclassifies debt investments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.

Debt instruments Measurement

At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss.

Amortized cost

Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at amortized cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at amortized cost and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognized in profit or loss when the asset is derecognized or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in finance income using the effective interest rate method.

Fair value through other comprehensive income (''FVTOCI'')

Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assets'' cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (''FVTOCI''). Movements in the carrying amount are taken through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenue

and foreign exchange gains or losses which are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss. When the financial asset is derecognized, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in OCI is reclassified from equity to profit or loss and recognized as gains/ (losses) within other income or other expense. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method.

Fair value through profit or loss (''FVTPL'')

Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortized cost or FVTOCI are measured at fair value through profit or loss. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at FVTPL and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognized in profit or loss and presented net in the Statement of Profit and Loss as gains/(losses) within other income or other expense in the period in which it arises. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income.

Equity instruments

The Company subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value. Where the Company''s management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in OCI, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Dividends from such investments are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss as Other Income when the Company''s right to receive payments is established. Changes in the fair value of financial assets at FVTPL are recognized as gains/(losses) within other income or other expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Impairment losses (and reversal of impairment losses) on equity investments measured at FVTOCI are not reported separately from other changes in fair value.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid financial instruments, which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash that are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value and having original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase, to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.

De-recognition of financial assets

A financial asset is derecognized only when the Company

- has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset; or

- retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.

Where the Company transfers an asset, it evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. Where the Company has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership, the financial asset is derecognized. Where the Company has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognized. Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retained substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognized if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognized to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.

2.10.2 Debt and equity instruments

Debt and equity instruments are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangement.

2.10.3 Financial liabilities

The Company''s financial liabilities comprise borrowings, trade payables and other liabilities. These are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortized cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments through the expected life of the financial liability, or, where appropriate, a shorter period.

De-recognition of financial liabilities

The Company derecognizes financial liabilities when, and only when, its obligations are discharged, cancelled or they expire.

Presentation

Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period.

Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period.

2.10.4 Derivatives and hedging activities

Derivatives are initially recognized at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently premeasured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period. The accounting for subsequent changes in fair value depends on whether the derivative is designated as a hedging instrument, and if so, the nature of the item being hedged and the type of hedge relationship designated.

Derivatives are designated as hedges of foreign exchange risk associated with the cash flows of highly probable forecast transactions and variable interest rate risk or foreign exchange risk associated with borrowings (cash flow hedges). When the

Company opts to undertake hedge accounting, the Company documents at the inception of the hedging transaction, the economic relationship between hedging instruments and hedged items including whether the hedging instrument is expected to offset changes in cash flows or fair values of hedged items. The Company documents its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions at the inception of each hedge relationship.

Cash flow hedges that qualify for hedge accounting

The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, is recognized in the OCI and in cash flow hedging reserve within equity, limited to the cumulative change in fair value of the hedged item on a present value basis from the inception of the hedge. The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss as Finance Costs.

Amounts accumulated in equity are reclassified to profit or loss in the periods when the hedged item affects profit or loss. When the hedged forecast transaction results in the recognition of a non-financial asset, the amounts accumulated in equity with respect to gain or loss relating to the effective portion of the spot component of forward contracts, both the deferred hedging gains and losses and the deferred aligned forward points are included within the initial cost of the asset. The deferred amounts are ultimately recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss as the hedged item affects profit or loss.

When a hedging instrument expires, or is sold or terminated, or when a hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, any cumulative deferred gain or loss and deferred costs of hedging in equity at that time remains in equity until the forecast transaction occurs. When the forecast transaction is no longer expected to occur, the cumulative gain or loss and deferred costs of hedging that were reported in equity are immediately reclassified to profit or loss.

Derivatives that are not designated as hedges

When derivative contracts to hedge risks are not designated as hedges, such contracts are accounted for at fair value through profit or loss and are included in Finance Costs.

As at the year end, there were no designated accounting hedges.

2.10.5 Financial guarantee contracts

Financial guarantee contracts are recognized as a financial liability at the time the guarantee is issued. The liability is initially measured at fair value and subsequently at the higher of the amount of loss allowance determined as per impairment requirements of Ind-AS 109 - Financial Instruments and the amount initially recognized less cumulative amortization, where appropriate.

2.10.6 Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset when it currently has a legally enforceable right (not contingent on future events) to off-set the recognized amounts and the Company intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

2.10.7 Fair value of financial instruments

In determining the fair value of its financial instruments, the Company uses a variety of methods and assumptions that are based on market conditions and risks existing at each reporting date. The methods used to determine fair value include discounted cash flow analysis, available quoted market prices and dealer quotes. All methods of assessing fair value result in general approximation of value, and such value may never actually be realized.

2.11 Impairment

Financial assets (other than at fair value)

The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortized cost and FVTOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 -Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognized from initial recognition of the receivables.

PPE and intangible assets

The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance Sheet date are reviewed to determine whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets / cash generating unit is estimated and in case the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount, an impairment is recognized. The recoverable amount is the higher of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. Assessment is also done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is indication that an impairment loss recognized for an asset in prior accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of impairment loss is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

2.12 Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realizable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, excise duty. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

2.13 Revenue recognition

2.13.1 Sale of goods

Revenue from sale of goods is recognized at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of returns including estimated returns where applicable, and trade discounts, rebates, sales tax and value added tax, when all significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer, usually on delivery of goods.

I n respect of Urea, sales are recognized based on concession rates as notified under the New Pricing Scheme. Equated freight claims and escalation claims for Urea sales are estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed or notified under the said Scheme. In case of complex fertilizers, sales include price concession, as notified under the Nutrient Based Subsidy policy, or as estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed.

2.13.2 Interest income

For all debt instruments measured either at amortized cost or at FTVOCI, interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate.

2.13.3 Dividend income

Dividend income is accounted for when Company''s right to receive income is established.

2.13.4 Insurance claims

Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted / expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

2.14 Leases

The Company as lessee

Lease arrangements in which substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the under-lying assets are transferred to the Company, are classified as finance lease.

Assets held under finance leases are initially recognized at their fair value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the less or is included in the Balance Sheet as a finance lease obligation. Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.

Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset substantially vest with the less or are recognized as operating leases. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term unless the payments are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the less orâs expected inflationary cost increases.

2.15 Employee benefits plans

2.15.1 Post-employment benefit plans Defined contribution plans

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit scheme for eligible employees in the form of superannuation fund are charged as an expense as they fall due. Such benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company does not carry any further obligations, apart from the contributions made.

The Company makes contribution towards provident fund, in substance a defined contribution retirement benefit plan. The provident fund is administered by the Trustees of the Tata Chemicals Limited Provident Fund. The rules of the Company''s provident fund administered by the Trust, require that if the Board of Trustees are unable to pay interest at the rate declared by the Employees'' Provident Fund by the Government under para 60 of the Employees'' Provident Fund Scheme, 1952 for the reason that the return on investment is less or for any other reason, then the deficiency shall be made good by the Company. Having regard to the assets of the fund and the return on the investments, the Company does not expect any deficiency as at the year end.

Defined benefit plans

For defined benefit schemes in the form of gratuity fund, post retirement medical benefits, directors'' pension liabilities and family benefit scheme, the cost of providing benefits is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. The retirement benefit obligation recognized in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets.

The present value of the said obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows, using market yields of government bonds of equivalent term and currency to the liability.

Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognized in the period in which they occur, directly in OCI. They are included in retained earnings in the Statement of Changes in Equity and in the Balance Sheet.

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognized immediately in profit or loss as past service cost

2.15.2 Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees is recognized during the period when the employee renders the service. These benefits include compensated absences such as paid annual leave and performance incentives which are expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services.

The cost of compensated absences is accounted as under:

(a) In case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees render service that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and

(b) In case of non - accumulating compensated absence, when the absences occur.

2.15.3 Other long-term employee benefits

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognized as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance Sheet date. Long Service Awards are recognized as a liability at the present value of the obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

2.16 Employee separation compensation

Compensation paid / payable to employees who have opted for retirement under a Voluntary Retirement Scheme including ex-gratia is charged to Statement of Profit and Loss in the year of separation.

2.17 Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs are interest and ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings. General and specific borrowing costs attributable to acquisition and construction of qualifying assets is added to the cost of the assets unto the date the asset is ready for its intended use. Capitalization of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted. All other borrowing costs are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.

2.18 Government grants

Government grants and subsidies are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants and subsidies will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire non-current assets are recognized as deferred revenue in the Balance sheet and transferred to profit or loss on systematic and rational basis over the useful lives of the related asset. Other government grants and subsidies are recognized as income over the periods necessary to match them with the costs which they are intended to compensate on a systematic basis.

2.19 Segment reporting

The Company identifies operating segments based on the dominant source, nature of risks and returns and the internal organization. The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information is available and for which operating profit/loss amounts are evaluated regularly by the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer (who is the Company''s chief operating decision maker) in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance

2.20 Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current tax

Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act,1961 that have been enacted or subsequently enacted at the end of the reporting period.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis.

Deferred tax

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.

Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that either future taxable profits or reversal of deferred tax liabilities will be available, against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.

The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset is reviewed at the end of each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilized.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred tax asset is realized or the deferred tax liability is settled.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and when it relates to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Company intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities simultaneously.

2.21 Provisions

A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate of the amount can be made. Provisions are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of the money is material). The increase in the provisions due to passage of time is recognized as interest expense. Provisions are reviewed as at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate.

2.22 Dividend

Final dividend on shares are recorded as a liability on the date of approval by the shareholders and interim dividends are recorded as a liability on the date of declaration by the Company''s Board of Directors.

Mar 31, 2015

(a) Basis of Accounting and Preparation of the Financial Statements

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards specified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 ("the 2013 Act") and the relevant provisions of the 1956 Act / 2013 Act, as applicable. The financial statements of the Company are prepared under the historical cost convention using the accrual method of accounting. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of financial statements are consistent with those of the previous year. All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in Schedule III to the 2013 Act. b) Use of Estimates

The presentation of the financial statements, in conformity with Indian GAAP, requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Management believes that the estimates used in the preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable, future results could differ, the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognised in the period in which the results are known / materialise.

(c) Tangible Fixed Assets

Fixed Assets are carried at original cost net of taxes / duties, credits availed, if any, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost of fixed assets includes interest on borrowings (borrowing cost) directly attributable to acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets. Borrowing cost and other incidental expenses are added to the cost of those assets until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use which generally coincides with the commissioning date of those assets.

Machinery spares whose use is expected to be irregular are capitalised and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of asset. Subsequent expenditure relating to the fixed asset is capitalised only if such expenditure results in an increase in the future benefits from such existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.

Fixed Assets acquired and put to use for projects are capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in the project cost till the project is ready for commissioning.

Fixed Assets held for sale are stated at lower of their net book value and net realisable value and are disclosed separately in the financial statements. Any expected loss is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains or losses arising from disposal of fixed assets are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(d) Capital Work-in-progress and Intangible Assets under Development

Projects under commissioning and other capital work-in-progress/intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost.

(e) Depreciation and Amortisation

(i) Depreciation has been provided as per Section 123 of the 2013 Act on a straight line method basis ("SLM") over the

estimated useful lives. Management believes based on a technical evaluation that the revised useful lives of the assets reflect the periods over which these assets are expected to be used, which are as follows:

Asset Useful life based on SLM adopted

Leasehold Land 99 years

Salts works, Reservoirs and Pans 1-30 years

Plant and Machinery 1-60 years

Traction lines, Railway Slidings and Wagons 15 years

Factory Buildings (Works) 5-60 years

Other Buildings 5-60 years

Water Works 15 years

Furniture and Fittings 1-10 years

Office Equipments (including Computers and Data Processing Equipments) 2-10 years

Vehicles 4-10 years

(ii) Leasehold land is amortised over the duration of the lease.

(f) Impairment of Tangible Fixed Assets

The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance Sheet date are reviewed to determine whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets / cash generating unit is estimated and in case the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount, an impairment is recognised. The recoverable amount is the higher of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. Assessment is also done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in prior accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(g) Investments

Long term investments are carried individually at cost. Provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are carried individually, at lower of cost and fair value. Cost of investments includes acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties.

Investments that are readily realisable and are intended to be held for not more than one year from the date, on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long term investments.

On disposal of investment, the difference between its carrying amount and net disposal proceeds is charged or credited to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(h) Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including octroi and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, excise duty. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

(i) Revenue Recognition Sale of goods

Revenue from Sale of Goods is recognised, net of returns including estimated returns where applicable, and trade discounts, rebates, sales tax and value added tax, when all significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer, usually on delivery of goods. In respect of Urea, sales are recognised based on provisional concession rates as notified under the New Pricing Scheme. Equated freight claims and escalation claims for Urea sales are estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed or notified under the said Scheme. In case of complex fertilisers, sales include price concession, as notified under the Nutrient Based Subsidy policy, or as estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed.

Income from services

Revenues from contracts priced on a time and material basis are recognised when services are rendered and related costs are incurred. Foreseeable losses on such contracts are recognised when probable.

(j) Other Income

Interest income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable. Dividend income is accounted for when the right to receive income is established.

(k) Insurance Claims

Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted / expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

(l) Research and Development Expenses

Research expenditure is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are also charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss unless a product''s technical feasibility has been established, in which case such expenditure is capitalised. Expenditure on tangible fixed assets used in research and development is capitalised.

(m) Leases

Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an asset substantially vest with the lessor are recognised as operating leases. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis.

(n) Debenture Issues Expenses

Debenture issue expenses and redemption premium are adjusted against the Securities Premium Account as permissible under Section 52(2) of the Companies Act, 2013.

(o) Employee Benefits

Employee benefits consist of provident fund, superannuation fund, gratuity fund, compensated absences, long service awards, post retirement medical benefits, directors'' retirement obligations and family benefit scheme.

(i) Post-employment benefit plans

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit scheme for eligible employees in the form of superannuation fund are charged as an expense as they fall due. Such benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company does not carry any further obligations, apart from the contributions made.

For defined benefit schemes in the form of gratuity fund, post retirement medical benefits, directors'' pension liabilities and family benefit scheme, the cost of providing benefits is actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognised immediately to the extent that the benefits are already vested, otherwise it is amortised on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested. The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognised past service cost and as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to past service cost plus the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the schemes.

The Company makes contribution towards provident fund, in substance a defined contribution retirement benefit plan. The provident fund is administered by the Trustees of the Tata Chemicals Limited Provident Fund. The rules of the Company''s provident fund administered by the Trust, require that if the Board of Trustees are unable to pay interest at the rate declared by the Employees'' Provident Fund by the Government under para 60 of the Employees'' Provident Fund Scheme, 1952 for the reason that the return on investment is less or for any other reason, then the deficiency shall be made good by the Company. Having regard to the assets of the fund and the return on the investments, the Company does not expect any deficiency as at the year end.

(ii) Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees is recognised during the period when the employees render the service. These benefits include compensated absences such as paid annual leave and performance incentives which are expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service.

The cost of compensated absences is accounted as under :

(a) in case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees render the services that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and

(b) in case of non-accumulating compensated absences, when the absences occur.

(iii) Long-term employee benefits

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance Sheet date. Long Service Awards are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

(p) Employee Separation Compensation

(i) Compensation payable to employees who have opted for retirement under "Early Separation Scheme" is amortised over the period for which benefit is expected. The liability has been calculated on the basis of net present value of the future payments of pension.

(ii) Compensation paid / payable to employees who have opted for retirement under a Voluntary Retirement Scheme including ex-gratia is charged to Statement of Profit and Loss in the year of separation.

(q) Finance Costs

Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the extent not directly related to the acquisition of qualifying assets, are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss, over the tenure of the loan. Fees and other transaction costs incurred on origination of the loan are amortised over the tenure of the loan on a straight-line basis. Borrowing costs, allocated to and utilised for qualifying fixed assets, pertaining to the period from commencement of activities relating to construction/ development of the qualifying assets upto the date the assets are substantially ready for their intended use which generally coincides with the date of capitalisation, is added to the cost of the assets. Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted.

Borrowing cost includes interest and amortisation of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings.

(r) Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation

(i) On initial recognition, all foreign currency transactions are converted and recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction. As at the reporting date, foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on the Balance Sheet date and the exchange gains or losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Exchange difference arising on a monetary item that, in substance, forms part of the Company''s net investments in a non-integral foreign operation are accumulated in a Foreign Currency Translation Reserve until disposal / recovery of the net investment.

During the year ended 31st March, 2012, the Company had exercised the option granted vide notification F.No.17/133/2008/CL-V dated 29th December, 2011 issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs and accordingly, the exchange differences arising on revaluation of long term foreign currency monetary items is accumulated in a Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account and recognised over the shorter of the loan repayment period and 31st March, 2020. The unamortised balance is presented as "Foreign Currency Monetary item Translation Difference Account" net of tax effect thereon.

(ii) Premium / discount on forward exchange contracts, related to monetary items which are not intended for trading or speculation purposes, are amortised over the period of the contract. Any profit or loss arising on cancellation or renewal of such a forward exchange contract is recognised as income or as expense in the period in which such cancellation or renewal is made.

(s) Derivative Contracts

The Company enters into derivative contracts in the nature of full currency swaps, currency options, forward contracts with an intention to hedge firm commitments and highly probable transactions. Derivative contracts with critical terms matching that of the underlying hedged item (foreign currency loan) are accounted as per the policy stated for foreign currency transaction and translation resulting in the foreign currency loan being treated as Indian rupee loan. All other contracts are marked-to-market and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Gains arising on the aforesaid contracts are not recognised on grounds of prudence in accordance with the announcement of The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India on ''Accounting for Derivatives'' issued in March 2008.

(t) Government Grants

Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grant/subsidy will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is that the company should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire capital assets are presented by deducting them from the carrying value of the assets. The grant is recognised over the life of the depreciable assets by way of a reduced depreciation charge. Other government grants and subsidies are recognised as income over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are intended to compensate on a systematic basis.

(u) Segment Reporting

The Company identifies primary segments based on the dominant source and nature of risks and returns and the internal organisation. The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information is available and for which operating profit/loss amounts are evaluated regularly by the Executive Management in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in conformity with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis have been included under "unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities".

(v) Taxes on Income

Ta x expense for the period, comprising current tax and deferred tax, are included in the determination of the net profit or loss for the period.

Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act,1961.

Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences, being the differences between the taxable income and the accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date.

Deferred tax assets in respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses are recognised if there is virtual certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income available to realise such assets. Other deferred tax assets are recognised if there is reasonable certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income to realise such assets. Deferred tax assets recognised are carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off assets against liabilities representing current tax and where the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing taxation laws.

(w) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made. A contingent asset is neither recognised nor disclosed in the financial statements.

(x) Cash Flow Statement

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit / (loss) before extraordinary items and tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.

(y) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short-term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid time deposits that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.

(a) Reconciliation of the number of shares and amount outstanding at the beginning and at the end of the year:

(b) The Company has issued one class of ordinary shares having a par value of Rs 10 per share. Each shareholder is eligible for one

vote per share held. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting except in the case of interim dividend. In the event of liquidation, the equity shareholders are eligible to receive the remaining assets of the Company, after distribution of all preferential accounts, in proportion to their shareholding.

(d) There are no shares reserved for issue under any employee stock option schemes or under agreements or contracts.

(e) Information regarding shares in last five years.

(i) The Company has not issued any shares pursuant to contracts without payment being received in cash.

(ii) There has been no issue of bonus shares.

(iii) The Company has not undertaken any buy-back of shares.

(iv) The Company has not issued any shares as fully paid-up pursuant to scheme of amalgamation.

(a) 10% Unsecured Redeemable Non-convertible Debentures of a face value Rs 10 lakh each redeemable at par on 2 July, 2019. Interest is payable annually.

(b) The external commercial borrowings are due for repayments on 21st October, 2016 Rs 319.54 crore (USD 60 million), on 23rd October, 2017Rs389.78 crore (USD 63.27 million), on 22nd October, 2018Rs390.06 crore (USD 63.27 million) and on 21st October, 2019Rs389.93 crore (USD 63.46 million) along with interest at Libor spread ranging from 1.65% to 1.95% payable half yearly.

(c) The Company has entered into an agreement with Department of Biotechnology (DBT) for a project on boosting crop health and yield. DBT has approved a loan of Rs 0.15 crore (previous year Rs 0.15 crore). The Company has received three installments of this loan aggregating to Rs 0.11 crore (previous year Rs 0.08 crore). The loan is repayable in 10 equal half yearly installments beginning from 1st July, 2015. Current portion has been disclosed in note 11.

* Foreign exchange gain of Rs 73.19 crore (previous year Rs 12.45 crore) on full currency swaps and forwards with critical terms

matching that of the external commercial borrowings have been netted off, resulting in the foreign currency loan being treated as an Indian rupee loan.

(a) Loans from banks on cash credit, working capital demand loan from bank and buyer''s credit are secured by hypothecation of stocks of raw materials, finished products, stores and work-in-progress as well as book debts.

(b) The Department of Fertilizers, Government of India, has notified "Special Banking Arrangement" scheme to address the concern of delay in subsidy disbursement. This arrangement has been made by the Government with State Bank of India Consortium (SBI Consortium). Loans under this scheme are secured by hypothecation of subsidy receivables.

Footnote:

(a) According to information available with the Management, on the basis of intimation received from suppliers regarding their status under the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 (MSMED Act), the Company has amounts due to Micro and Small Enterprises under the said Act as at 31st March, 2015 as follows:

(a) The Company had entered into an agreement with Department of Science and Technology for creation of capital assets for

Sulphate of Potash (SOP) Project. For the above Project, the Company has received three installments of Government grant aggregating Rs 14.40 crore (previous year Rs 14.40 crore) and earned a cumulative amount of Rs 0.55 crore (previous year Rs 0.54 crore) as interest on unutilised grant. The Company has spent an amount of Rs 14.98 crore (previous year Rs 14.85 crore) and the net balance of Rs 0.03 crore (previous year Rs 0.09 crore) has been disclosed in Note 22 under the head others within Other Current Assets.

Footnote:

(a) The Board of Directors has recommended a dividend of 100% for the financial year 2014-15 and a special dividend of 25% on the occasion of the Platinum Jubilee year of the Company, aggregating to Rs 12.50 per share.

(a) The Company has extended an unsecured subordinate loan to Tata Power Renewable Energy Limited (TPREL) for the purpose of setting up a 25 MW photovoltaic solar power plant and associate infrastructure at Mithapur, Gujarat. The loan carries an interest rate based on State Bank of India base rate plus 1.25%. The principal amount of the loan is mandatorily convertible to equity of TPREL.

(a) Trade receivables include Rs 1,971.64 crore (previous year Rs 1,800.23 crore) on account of subsidy receivable from the Government. Of this an amount of Rs 546.83 crore (previous year Rs 620.53 crore) is due for more than six months.

(a) Advances to employees include Rs * crore (previous year Rs 0.01 crore) due from officer of the Company. Maximum balance outstanding during the year Rs 0.01 crore (previous year Rs 0.01 crore).

value below Rs 50,000

Footnotes:

(a) Sales includes subsidy income of Rs 2,942.24 crore (previous year Rs 2,429.32 crore)

(b) Miscellaneous income primarily includes sales of scrap Rs 20.19 crore (previous year Rs 24.35 crore) and market development and support fees Rs 33.18 crore (previous year Rs 34.61 crore)

The above figures do not include provision for compensated absences and contribution to gratuity fund, as separate figures are not available for the Managing Director and Whole-time Directors other than disclosed above.

@ The above figures are based on the separate accounts for the research and development (R&D) centres recognised by the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Ministry of Science and Technology (DSIR) for in-house research. Consonance with the DSIR Guidelines for in-house R&D Centres will be evaluated at the time of filing the return with the DSIR.

(d) Amount required to be spent by the Company during the year on CSR is Rs 11.66 crore of which the Company has spent Rs 10.20 crore. The Company has spent the following amounts during the year @.

@ Expenditure incurred on CSR in the previous year prior to introduction of Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013 is included in donations and contributions and have not been reclassified/regrouped as there was no requirement for disclosure of such expenses in the previous year.

Mar 31, 2014

(a) Basis of Accounting

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards notified under Section 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956 ("the 1956 Act") (which continue to be applicable u/s 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 ("the 2013 Act") in terms of General Circular 15/2013 dated 13 September, 2013 of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs) and the relevant provisions of the 1956 Act / 2013 Act, as applicable. The financial statements of the Company are prepared under the historical cost convention using the accrual method of accounting. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of Financial Statements are consistent with those of the previous year.

(b) Use of Estimates

The presentation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Management believes that the estimates used in the preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable, future results could differ, the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognised in the period in which the results are known / materialise.

(c) Tangible Fixed Assets

Fixed Assets are carried at original cost net of taxes / duties, credits availed, if any, less depreciation, amortisation and impairment loss. The cost of fixed assets includes interest on borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying fixed assets up to the date of commissioning of the assets and other incidental expenses incurred up to that date. Machinery spares whose use is expected to be irregular are capitalised and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of asset. Subsequent expenditure relating to the fixed assets is capitalised only if such expenditure results in an increase in the future Benefits from such assets beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.

Fixed Assets acquired and put to use for projects are capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in project cost till the project is ready for commissioning.

Fixed Assets held for sale are stated at lower of their net book value and net realisable value and are disclosed separately in the financial statements.

(d) Capital Work-in-Progress

Projects under commissioning and other capital work-in-progress are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.

(ii) Leasehold land is amortised over the duration of the lease.

(iii) Capital assets whose ownership does not vest in the Company are depreciated over their estimated useful life.

(f) Impairment of Tangible Fixed Assets

The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance Sheet date are reviewed for impairment of assets. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated and impairment is recognised, if the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in prior accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(g) Investments

Long-term investments are carried individually at cost less provision for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are carried individually, at lower of cost and fair value. Cost of investments includes acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties.

(h) Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including octroi and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in-process and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, excise duty.

(i) Revenue Recognition

Sales of Goods

Sales are recognised, net of returns including estimated returns where applicable, and trade discounts, Sales Tax and Value Added Tax, on dispatch of goods to customers. In respect of Urea, sales are recognised based on provisional rates of group concession as notified under the New Pricing Scheme. Equated freight claims and escalation claims for Urea sales are estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed or notified under the said Scheme. In case of complex fertilisers, sales include price concession, as notified under the Concession Scheme, or as estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed.

Income from Services

Revenues from contracts priced on a time and material basis are recognised when services are rendered and related costs are incurred. Foreseeable losses on such contracts are recognised when probable.

(j) Other Income

Interest income is accounted on accrual basis. Dividend income is accounted for when the right to receive income is established.

(k) Insurance Claims

Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted / expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

(l) Research and Development Expenses

Revenue expenditure pertaining to research and development is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Expenditure on tangible fixed assets used in research and development is capitalised.

(m) Leases

Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an asset substantially vest with the lessor are recognised as operating leases. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis.

(n) Debenture Issues Expenses

Debenture issue expenses and redemption premium are adjusted against the Securities Premium Account as permissible under Section 78(2) of the Companies Act, 1956.

(o) Employee Benefits

Employee Benefits consist of provident fund, superannuation fund, gratuity fund, compensated absences, long service awards, post retirement medical Benefits, directors'' retirement obligations and family benefit scheme. (i) Post-employment benefit plans

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit scheme for eligible employees in the form of superannuation fund are charged as an expense as they fall due.

For defined benefit schemes in the form of gratuity fund, post retirement medical Benefits, directors'' pension liabilities and family benefit scheme, the cost of providing Benefits is determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognised immediately to the extent that the Benefits are already vested, and otherwise is amortised on a straight-line basis over the average period until the Benefits become vested. The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognised past service cost and as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to past service cost plus the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the schemes.

The Company makes contribution towards provident fund, in substance a defined contribution retirement benefit plan. The provident fund is administered by the Trustees of the Tata Chemicals Limited Provident Fund. The rules of the Company''s provident fund administered by a Trust, require that if the Board of Trustees are unable to pay interest at the rate declared by the Employees'' Provident Fund by the Government under para 60 of the Employees'' Provident Fund Scheme, 1952 for the reason that the return on investment is less or for any other reason, then the deficiency shall be made good by the Company. Having regard to the assets of the fund and the return on the investments, the Company does not expect any deficiency as at the year end.

Other defined benefit scheme like family benefit scheme is an unfunded defined benefit plan. The Benefits of the plan accrue to eligible employees at the time of death or permanent disablement while in service, either as a result of an injury or as certified by the Company''s Medical Board. The monthly payment to dependents of the deceased / disabled employee under the plan equals 100% of the last drawn basic salary in case of Management and Officer cadre employees and 100% of the last drawn basic salary plus dearness allowance and fixed additional dearness allowance for employees in the workmen category. The Company accounts for the liability for family benefit scheme payable in future based on the cost of providing Benefits is determined using the projected unit credit method by an independent actuarial valuation carried out at each Balance Sheet date.

(ii) Short-term employee Benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee Benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees is recognised during the period when the employees render the service. These Benefits include compensated absences such as paid annual leave and performance incentives.

The cost of compensated absences is accounted as under:

(a) in case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees render the services that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and

(b) in case of non-accumulating compensated absences, when the absences occur.

(iii) Long-term employee Benefits

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance Sheet date. Long Service Awards are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

(p) Employee Separation Compensation

(i) Compensation payable to employees who have opted for retirement under "Early Separation Scheme" is amortised over the period for which benefit is expected. The liability has been calculated on the basis of net present value of the future payments of pension.

(ii) Liability under "Early Separation Scheme" is computed and accounted at the Net Present Value.

(iii) Compensation paid / payable to employees who have opted for retirement under Voluntary Retirement Scheme including ex-gratia is charged to statement of Profit and Loss in the year of separation.

(q) Finance Costs

Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the extent not directly related to the acquisition of fixed assets are amortised and charged to Statement of Profit and Loss, over the tenure of the loan. Interest on borrowed money, allocated to and utilised for qualifying fixed assets, pertaining to the period upto the date of capitalisation is added to the cost of the assets.

Borrowing cost includes interest and amortisation of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings.

(r) Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation

(i) Foreign currency transactions (other than derivatives) of the Company and its net investment in non-integral foreign operations are recorded on initial recognition in the reporting currency, using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities (other than derivatives) of the company and its net investment in non-integral foreign operations as at the Balance Sheet date are restated at the year end rates and the resultant net gains or losses are recognised as income or expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which they arise. The exchange differences on long term loans to non-integral foreign operations are accumulated in a Foreign Currency Translation Reserve, until disposal / recovery of the net investment.

During the year ended 31st March, 2012, the Company had exercised the option granted vide notification F.No.17/133/2008/ CL-V dated 29th December, 2011 issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs and accordingly, the exchange differences arising on revaluation of long term foreign currency monetary items have been recognised over the shorter of the loan repayment period and 31st March, 2020. The unamortised balance is presented as "Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account" net of tax effect thereon.

(ii) Premium / discount on forward exchange contracts, related to monetary items which are not intended for trading or speculation purposes, are amortised over the period of the contract.

(s) Derivative Contracts

The Company enters into derivative contracts in the nature of full currency swaps, currency options, forward contracts with an intention to hedge its existing assets and liabilities, firm commitments and highly probable transactions. Derivative contracts which are closely linked to the underlying transactions are recognised in accordance with the contract terms and accounted as per the policy stated for foreign currency transaction and translation. All other contracts are marked-to-market and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Gains arising on the same are not recognised on grounds of prudence.

(t) Government Grants

Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants/subsidy will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is that the company should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire capital assets are presented by deducting them from the carrying value of the assets. The grant is recognised as income over the life of the depreciable assets by way of a reduced depreciation charge. Other government grants and subsidies are recognised as income over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are intended to compensate on a systematic basis.

(u) Segment Reporting

The Company identifies primary segments based on the dominant source, nature of risks and returns and the internal organisation. The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information is available and for which operating profit/ loss amounts are evaluated regularly by the executive Management in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter Segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis have been included under "unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities".

(v) Taxes on Income

Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act,1961.

Deferred fax is recognised on timing differences, being the differences between the taxable income and the accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.

Deferred tax assets in respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses are recognised if there is virtual certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income available to realise such losses. Other deferred tax assets are recognised if there is reasonable certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income to realise such assets.

(w) Provisions and Contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in notes forming part of the financial statements.

Mar 31, 2013

(a) Basis of Accounting

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, (as amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements of the Company are prepared under the historical cost convention using the accrual method of accounting. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of financial statements are consistent with those of the previous year.

(b) Use of Estimates

The presentation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Management believes that the estimates used in the preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable, future results could differ, the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognised in the period in which the results are known / materialise.

(c) Tangible Fixed Assets

Fixed Assets are carried at original cost net of taxes / duties, credits availed, if any, less depreciation, amortisation and impairment loss. The cost of fixed assets includes interest on borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying fixed assets up to the date of commissioning of the assets and other incidental expenses incurred up to that date. Machinery spares whose use is expected to be irregular are capitalised and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of asset. Subsequent expenditure relating to the fixed assets is capitalised only if such expenditure results in an increase in the future benefits from such assets beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.

Fixed Assets acquired and put to use for projects are capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in project cost till the project is ready for commissioning.

Fixed Assets held for sale are stated at lower of their net book value and net realisable value and are disclosed separately in the Balance Sheet.

(d) Capital Work-in-Progress

Projects under commissioning and other capital work-in-progress are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.

(e) Depreciation and Amortisation

(i) Depreciation has been provided on the straight line method as per Section 205(2)(b) of the Companies Act, 1956 as follows:

(a) In respect of assets acquired on or after 1st April, 1987, at the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 as amended, except in respect of the following categories of assets, in which case the life of the assets has been assessed as under:

Membrane Cells 4 years

Catalyst 5-7 years

Vehicles 4 years

Computers and data processing equipments 4 years

High Pressure Boiler 4 and Turbine 12 8 years

RO Water Plant 4 years

Railway wagons procured under Wagon Investment scheme 15 years

Moulds for Water Purifiers and Bulbs 3 years

(ii) Leasehold land is amortised over the duration of the lease.

(iii) Capital assets whose ownership does not vest in the Company are depreciated over their estimated useful life.

(f) Impairment of Tangible Fixed Assets

The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance Sheet date are reviewed for impairment of assets. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated and impairment is recognised, if the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in prior accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(g) Investments

Long-term investments are carried individually at cost less provision for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are carried individually, at lower of cost and fair value. Cost of investments includes acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties.

(h) Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including octroi and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work-in- process and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, excise duty.

(i) Revenue Recognition Sale of Goods

Sales are recognised, net of returns and trade discounts, Sales Tax and Value Added Tax, on dispatch of goods to customers. In respect of Urea, sales are recognised based on provisional rates of group concession as notified under the New Pricing Scheme. Equated freight claims and escalation claims for Urea sales are estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed or notified under the said Scheme. In case of complex fertilisers, sales include price concession, as notified under the Concession Scheme, or as estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed.

Income from Services

Revenue from contracts, priced on a time and material basis, are recognised when services are rendered and related costs are incurred. Foreseeable losses on such contracts are recognised when probable.

(j) Other Income

Interest income is accounted on accrual basis. Dividend income is accounted for, when the right to receive income is established.

(k) Insurance Claims

Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted / expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

(l) Research and Development Expenses

Revenue expenditure pertaining to research and development is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Expenditure on tangible fixed assets used in research and development is capitalised.

(m) Leases

Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an asset substantially vest with the lessor are recognised as operating leases. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis.

(n) Debenture Issues Expenses

Debenture issue expenses and redemption premium are adjusted against the Securities Premium Account as permissible under section 78(2) of the Companies Act, 1956.

(o) Employee Benefits

Employee benefits consist of provident fund, superannuation fund, gratuity fund, compensated absences, long service awards, post retirement medical benefits, directors'' retirement obligations and family benefit scheme.

(i) Post-employment benefit plans

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit scheme for eligible employees in the form of superannuation fund are charged as an expense as they fall due.

For defined benefit schemes in the form of gratuity fund, post retirement medical benefits, directors'' pension liabilities and family benefit scheme, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognised immediately to the extent that the benefits are already vested, and otherwise is amortised on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested. The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognised past service cost and as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to past service cost plus the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the schemes.

The Company makes contribution towards provident fund, in substance a defined contribution retirement benefit plan. The provident fund is administered by the Trustees of the Tata Chemicals Limited Provident Fund. The rules of the Company''s provident fund administered by a Trust, require that if the Board of Trustees are unable to pay interest at the rate declared by the Employees'' Provident Fund by the Government under para 60 of the Employees'' Provident Fund Scheme, 1952 for the reason that the return on investment is less or for any other reason, then the deficiency shall be made good by the Company. Having regard to the assets of the fund and the return on the investments, the Company does not expect any deficiency as at the year end.

Family Benefit Scheme is an unfunded defined benefit plan. The benefits of the plan accrue to eligible employees at the time of death or permanent disablement while in service, either as a result of an injury or as certified by the Company''s Medical Board. The monthly payment to dependents of the deceased / disabled employee under the plan equals 100% of the last drawn basic salary in case of Management and Officer cadre employees and 100% of the last drawn basic salary plus dearness allowance and fixed additional dearness allowance for employees in the workmen category. The Company accounts for the liability for family benefit scheme payable in future based on an independent actuarial valuation carried out at each Balance Sheet date.

(ii) Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees is recognised during the period when the employees render the service. These benefits include compensated absences such as paid annual leave and performance incentives.

The cost of compensated absences is accounted as under:

(a) in case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees render the services that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and

(b) in case of non-accumulating compensated absences, when the absences occur.

(iii) Long-term employee benefits

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance Sheet date. Long service awards are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

(p) Employee Separation Compensation

(i) Compensation paid / payable to employees who have opted for retirement under "Early Separation Scheme" is amortised over the period for which benefit is expected.

(ii) Liability under "Early Separation Scheme" is computed and accounted at the net present value.

(iii) Compensation paid / payable to employees who have opted for retirement under Voluntary Retirement Scheme including ex-gratia is charged to statement of Profit and Loss in the year of separation.

(q) Finance Costs

Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the extent not directly related to the acquisition of fixed assets are amortised and charged to Statement of Profit and Loss, over the tenure of the loan. Interest on borrowed money, allocated to and utilised for qualifying fixed assets, pertaining to the period upto the date of capitalisation is added to the cost of the assets.

Borrowing cost includes interest and amortisation of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings.

(r) Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation

(i) Foreign currency transactions (other than derivatives) of the Company and its net investment in non-integral foreign operations are recorded on initial recognition in the reporting currency, using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities (other than derivatives) of the company and its net investment in non-integral foreign operations as at the Balance Sheet date are restated at the year end rates and the resultant net gains or losses are recognised as income or expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which they arise. The exchange differences on long-term loans to non-integral foreign operations are accumulated in a Foreign Currency Translation Reserve, until disposal / recovery of the net investment.

During the year ended 31st March, 2012, the Company had exercised the option granted vide notification F.No.17/133/2008/CL-V dated 29th December, 2011 issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs and accordingly, the exchange differences arising on revaluation of long-term foreign currency monetary items for the year ended 31st March, 2012 and 31st March, 2013 have been recognised over the shorter of the loan repayment period and 31st March, 2020. The unamortised balance is presented as "Foreign Currency Monetary item Translation Difference Account" net of tax effect thereon.

(ii) Premium / discount on forward exchange contracts, related to monetary items which are not intended for trading or speculation purposes, are amortised over the period of the contract.

(s) Derivative Contracts

The Company enters into derivative contracts in the nature of full currency swaps, currency options, forward contracts with an intention to hedge its existing assets and liabilities, firm commitments and highly probable transactions. Derivative contracts which are closely linked to the underlying transactions are recognised in accordance with the contract terms and accounted as per the policy stated for foreign currency transaction and translation. All other contracts are marked-to-market and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Gains arising on the same are not recognised on the grounds of prudence.

(t) Government Grants

Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants / subsidy will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is that the Company should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire capital assets are presented by deducting them from the carrying value of the assets. The grant is recognised as income over the life of the depreciable assets by way of a reduced depreciation charge. Other government grants and subsidies are recognised as income over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are intended to compensate on a systematic basis.

(u) Segment Reporting

The Company identifies primary segments based on the dominant source, nature of risks and returns and the internal organisation. The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information is available and for which operating profit / loss amounts are evaluated regularly by the Executive Management in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter Segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market / fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis have been included under "unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities".

Segment information has been presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements as permitted by Accounting Standard (AS-17) on Segment Reporting as notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006.

(v) Taxes on Income

Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act,1961.

Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences, being the differences between the taxable income and the accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.

Deferred tax assets in respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses are recognised if there is virtual certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income available to realise such losses. Other deferred tax assets are recognised if there is reasonable certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income to realise such assets.

(w) Provisions and Contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in notes forming part of the financial statements.

Mar 31, 2012

(a) Basis of Accounting

The financial statements of the company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, (as amended) and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The accounts of the Company are prepared under the historical cost convention using the accrual method of accounting. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of financial statements are consistent with those of the previous year.

(b) Use of Estimates

The presentation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Management believes that the estimates used in the preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable, future results could differ, the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognised in the period in which the results are known / materialise.

(c) Tangible Fixed Assets

Fixed Assets are carried at original cost net of taxes / duties, credits availed if any, less depreciation and impairment loss. The cost of fixed assets includes interest on borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying fixed assets up to the date of commissioning of the assets and other incidental expenses incurred up to that date. Machinery spares whose use is expected to be irregular are capitalised and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of asset. Subsequent expenditure relating to the fixed assets is capitalised only if such expenditure results in an increase in the future benefits from such assets beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.

Fixed Assets acquired and put to use for projects are capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in project cost till commissioning of the project.

Fixed Assets retired from active use and held for sale are stated at lower of their net book value and net realisable value and are disclosed separately in the Balance Sheet.

(d) Capital Work-in-Progress

Projects under commissioning and other Capital Work-in-Progress are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.

(e) Depreciation

(i) Depreciation has been provided on the straight line method as per Section 205(2)(b) of the Companies Act, 1956 as follows :

(a) In respect of assets acquired on or after 1st April, 1987, at the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 as amended, except in respect of the following categories of assets, in which case the life of the assets has been assessed as under :

Membrane Cells 4 years

Catalyst 5-7 years

Vehicles 4 years

Computers and data processing equipments 4 years

High Pressure Boiler 4 & Turbine 12 8 years

RO Water Plant 4 years

Railway wagons procured under Wagon Investment scheme 15 years

Moulds for Water Purifiers and Bulbs 3 years

(ii) Leasehold land is amortised over the duration of the lease.

(iii) Capital assets whose ownership does not vest in the Company are depreciated over their estimated useful life.

(f) Impairment of Tangible Fixed Assets

The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance Sheet date are reviewed for impairment of assets. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated and impairment is recognised, if the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in prior accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(g) Investments

Long term investments are carried individually at cost less provision for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are carried individually, at lower of cost and fair value. Cost of investments includes acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties.

(h) Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to their present location and condition, including Octroi and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Work- in- process and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and where applicable, excise duty.

(i) Revenue Recognition

Sales of Goods

Sales are recognised, net of returns and trade discounts, Sales Tax and Value Added Tax, on dispatch of goods to customers. In respect of Urea, sales are recognised based on provisional rates of group concession as notified under the New Pricing Scheme. Equated freight claims and escalation claims for Urea sales are estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed or notified under the said Scheme. In case of complex fertilisers, sales include price concession, as notified under the Concession Scheme, or as estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed.

Income from Services

Revenues from contracts priced on a time and material basis are recognised when services are rendered and related costs are incurred. Foreseeable losses on such contracts are recognised when probable.

(j) Other Income

Interest income is accounted on accrual basis. Dividend income is accounted for when the right to receive income is established.

(k) Insurance claims

Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted / expected to be admitted and to the extent that there is no uncertainty in receiving the claims.

(l) Research and Development Expenses

Revenue expenditure pertaining to Research and Development is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Expenditure on Tangible fixed assets used in Research and Development is capitalised.

(m) Leases

Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an asset substantially vest with the lessor are recognised as operating leases. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis.

(n) Debenture Issues Expenses

Debenture issue expenses and redemption premium are adjusted against the Securities Premium Account as permissible under Section 78(2) of the Companies Act, 1956.

(o) Employee Benefits

Employee benefits consist of Provident Fund, Superannuation Fund, Gratuity Fund, Compensated absences, Long service awards, Post retirement medical benefits, Directors' retirement obligations and Family Benefit Scheme.

(i) Post-employment benefit plans

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit scheme for eligible employees in the form of Superannuation Fund are charged as an expense as they fall due.

For defined benefit schemes in the form of gratuity fund, post retirement medical benefits, Directors' Pension Liabilities and Family Benefit Scheme, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit Method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognised immediately to the extent that the benefits are already vested, and otherwise is amortised on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested. The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognised past service cost and as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to past service cost plus the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the schemes.

The Company makes contribution towards provident fund in substance a defined contribution retirement benefit plan. The provident fund is administered by the Trustees of the Tata Chemicals Limited Provident Fund. The Rules of the Company's Provident Fund administered by a Trust, require that if the Board of Trustees are unable to pay interest at the rate declared by the Employees' Provident Fund by the Government under para 60 of the Employees' Provident Fund Scheme, 1952 for the reason that the return on investment is less or for any other reason, then the deficiency shall be made good by the Company. Having regard to the assets of the Fund and the return on the investments, the Company does not expect any deficiency as at the year end.

Family Benefit Scheme is an unfunded defined benefit plan. The benefits of the plan accrue to eligible employees at the time of death or permanent disablement while in service, either as a result of an injury or as certified by the Company's Medical Board. The monthly payment to dependents of the deceased / disabled employee under the plan equals 100% of the last drawn basic salary in case of Management and Officer cadre employees and 100% of the last drawn basic salary plus Dearness Allowance & Fixed Additional Dearness Allowance for employees in the workmen category. The Company accounts for the liability for Family Benefit Scheme payable in future based on an independent actuarial valuation carried out at each Balance Sheet date.

(ii) Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees is recognised during the period when the employees render the service. These benefits include compensated absences such as paid annual leave and performance incentives.

The cost of compensated absences is accounted as under :

(a) in case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees render the services that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and

(b) in case of non-accumulating compensated absences, when the absences occur.

(iii) Long-term employee benefits

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance Sheet date. Long Service Awards are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

(p) Employee Separation Compensation

(i) Compensation paid / payable to employees who have opted for retirement under "Early Separation Scheme" is amortised over the period for which benefit is expected.

(ii) Liability under "Early Separation Scheme" is computed and accounted at the Net Present Value.

(iii) Compensation paid / payable to employees who have opted for retirement under Voluntary Retirement Scheme including ex-gratia is charged to statement of Profit and Loss in the year of separation.

(q) Finance Costs

Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the extent not directly related to the acquisition of fixed assets are amortised and charged to Statement of Profit and Loss, over the tenure of the loan. Interest on borrowed money, allocated to and utilised for qualifying fixed assets, pertaining to the period upto the date of capitalisation is added to the cost of the assets.

Borrowing cost includes interest and amortisation of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings.

(r) Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation

(i) Foreign currency transactions (other than derivatives) of the Company and its net investment in non-integral foreign operations are recorded on initial recognition in the reporting currency, using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities (other than derivatives) of the company and its net investment in non-integral foreign operations as at the Balance Sheet date are restated at the year end rates and the resultant net gains or losses are recognised as income or expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which they arise. The exchange differences on long term loans to non-integral foreign operations are accumulated in a Foreign Currency Translation Reserve, until disposal / recovery of the net investment.

The exchange differences arising on revaluation of long term foreign currency monetary items for the year ended 31st March, 2008 to 2011 had been amortised over the shorter of the maturity period or 31st March 2011.

During the current year, the company has exercised the option granted vide notification F.No.17/133/2008/CL-V dated 29th December, 2011 issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs and accordingly, the exchange differences arising on revaluation of long term foreign currency monetary items for the year ended 31st March, 2012 have been recognised over the shorter of the loan repayment period and 31st March, 2020. The unamortised balance is presented as "Foreign Currency Monetary item Translation Difference Account" net of tax effect thereon. For the period upto 31st March, 2011, such exchange loss was amortised upto 31st March, 2011 from the period of incurrence

(ii) Premium / discount on forward exchange contracts, related to monetary items which are not intended for trading or speculation purposes, are amortised over the period of the contract,

(s) Derivative Contracts

The Company enters into derivative contracts in the nature of full currency swaps, currency options, forward contracts with an intention to hedge its existing assets and liabilities, firm commitments and highly probable transactions. Derivative contracts which are closely linked to the underlying transactions are recognised in accordance with the contract terms and accounted as per the policy stated for foreign currency transaction and translation. All other contracts are marked-to- market and losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Gains arising on the same are not recognised on grounds of prudence.

(t) Government Grants

Government grants and subsidies are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the company will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants/subsidy will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is that the company should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire capital assets are presented by deducting them from the carrying value of the assets. The grant is recognised as income over the life of the depreciable assets by way of a reduced depreciation charge. Other government grants and subsidies are recognised as income over the periods necessary to match them with the costs for which they are intended to compensate on a systematic basis.

(u) Segment Reporting

The Company identifies primary segments based on the dominant source, nature of risks, returns and the internal organisation. The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information is available and for which operating profit/loss amounts are evaluated regularly by the executive Management in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Inter Segment revenue is accounted on the basis of transactions which are primarily determined based on market/ fair value factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis have been included under "unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities".'

Segment information has been presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements as permitted by Accounting Standards (AS-17) on Segment Reporting as notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006.

(v) Taxes on Income

Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act,1961.

Deferred Tax is recognised on timing differences, being the differences between the taxable income and the accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.

Deferred Tax Assets in respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses are recognised if there is virtual certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income available to realise such losses. Other Deferred Tax Assets are recognised if there is reasonable certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income to realise such assets.

(w) Provisions and Contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in Notes forming part of the financial statements.

Mar 31, 2011

(a) Basis of Accounting

The accounts of the Company are prepared under the historical cost convention using the accrual method of accounting.

(b) Use of Estimates

The presentation of the financial statements in conformity with the generally accepted accounting principles requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Such estimates and assumptions are based on the Managements evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as on the date of the financial statements. The actual outcome may diverge from these estimates.

(c) Fixed Assets

Fixed Assets are carried at cost less depreciation and impairment loss. The cost of fixed assets includes interest on borrowings attributable to acquisition of fixed assets up to the date of commissioning of the assets and other incidental expenses incurred up to that date. Machinery spares whose use is expected to be irregular are capitalised and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of asset.

Fixed Assets acquired and put to use for project purpose are capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in project cost till commissioning of the project.

(d) Capital Work-in-Progress

Projects under commissioning and other Capital Work-in-Progress are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.

(e) Foreign Currency Transactions

(i) Purchases and sales in foreign currencies are accounted at exchange rates prevailing on the date of transaction. Short term monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies as at the Balance Sheet date are translated at the rates prevailing at the year end and the resultant net gains or losses are recognised as income or expense in the year in which they arise. The exchange differences on long term loans to non-integral foreign operations are accumulated in a Foreign Currency Translation Reserve, until disposal / recovery of the net investment.

The exchange differences arising on revaluation of long term foreign currency monetary items for the year ended 31 March, 2008, 2009 and 2010 have been amortised over the shorter of the maturity period or 31st March, 2011. The unamortised balance is presented as "Foreign Currency Monetary item Translation Difference Account" net of tax effect thereon.

(ii) Premium / discount on forward exchange contracts, which are not intended for trading or speculation purposes, are amortised over the period of the contract. Forward exchange contracts outstanding at the Balance Sheet date are stated at fair value and any gains or losses are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account.

(f) Investments

Long term investments are carried at cost less provision for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are carried individually, at lower of cost and fair value.

(g) Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Work in process and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, excise duty.

(h) Employee Separation Compensation

(i) Compensation paid / payable to employees who have opted for retirement under "Early Separation Scheme" is amortised over the period for which benefit is expected.

(ii) Liability under "Early Separation Scheme" is computed and accounted at the Net Present Value.

(ii) Compensation paid/payable to employees who have opted for retirement under Voluntary Retirement Scheme including ex-gratia is charged to Profit and Loss Account in the year of separation.

(i) Sales

Sales are recognised, net of returns and trade discounts, on dispatch of goods to customers. Sales Tax and Value Added Tax are excluded. In respect of Urea, sales are recognised based on provisional rates of group concession as notified under the New Pricing Scheme. Equated freight claims and escalation claims for Urea sales are estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed or notified under the said Scheme. In case of complex fertilisers, other than traded goods, sales include price concession, as notified under the Concession Scheme, or as estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed. Equated freight claims for complex fertilisers are estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed or notified under the uniform freight policy.

(j) Other Income

Interest income is accounted on accrual basis. Dividend income is accounted for when the right to receive income is established.

(k) Research and Development Expenses

Revenue expenditure pertaining to Research and Development is charged to the Profit and Loss Account. Expenditure on fixed assets used in Research and Development is capitalised.

(l) Depreciation

(i) Depreciation has been provided on the straight line method as per Section 205(2)(b) of the Companies Act, 1956 as follows :

(a) in respect of assets acquired on or after 1st April, 1987, at the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 as amended, except in respect of the following categories of assets, in whose case the life of the assets has been assessed as under :

Membrane Cells 4 years

Catalyst 5-7 years

Vehicles 4 years

Computers and data processing equipments 4 years

High Pressure Boiler 4 & Turbine 12 8 years

RO Water Plant 4 years

Railway wagon procured under Wagon Investment scheme 15 years

Moulds for Water Purifiers and Bulbs 3 years

(ii) Leasehold land is amortised over the duration of the lease.

(m) Impairment of Assets

The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each Balance Sheet date are reviewed for impairment of assets. If any indication of such impairment exists, the recoverable amount of such assets is estimated and impairment is recognised, if the carrying amount of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. When there is indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in prior accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of impairment loss is recognised.

(n) Employee Benefits

Employee benefits consist of Provident Fund, Superannuation Fund, Gratuity Fund, compensated absences, long service awards, post retirement medical benefits, Directors retirement obligations and Family Benefit Scheme. Provident fund is considered as a defined benefit plan.

(i) Post-employment benefit plans

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes for eligible employees in the form of Superannuation Fund are charged as an expense as they fall due.

For defined benefit schemes in the form of gratuity fund, post retirement medical benefits, Directors Pension Liabilities and Family Benefit Scheme, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit Method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account for the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognised immediately to the extent that the benefits are already vested, and otherwise is amortised on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested. The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognised past service cost, and as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to past service cost, plus the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the schemes.

The Company makes contribution towards provident fund, a defined retirement benefit plan. The provident fund is administered by the Trustees of the Tata Chemicals Limited Provident Fund. The Rules of the Companys Provident Fund administered by a Trust require that if the Board of Trustees are unable to pay interest at the rate declared by the Employees Provident Fund by the Government under para 60 of the Employees Provident Fund Scheme, 1952 for the reason that the return on investment is less or for any other reason, then the deficiency shall be made good by the Company. Having regard to the assets of the Fund and the return on the investments, the Company does not expect any deficiency as at the year end.

Family Benefit Scheme is an unfunded defined benefit plan. The benefits of the plan accrue to eligible employees at the time of death or permanant disablement while in service, either as a result of an injury or as certified by the Companys Medical Board. The monthly payment to dependents of the deceased / disabled employee under the plan equals to 100% of the last drawn basic salary in case of Management and Officer cadre employees and 100% of the last drawn basic salary plus Dearness Allowance & Fixed Additional Dearness Allowance for employees in the workmen category. The Company accounts for the liability for Family Benefit Scheme payable in future based on an independent actuarial valuation carried out at each Balance Sheet date. (ii) Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees is recognised during the period when the employees renders the service. These benefits include compensated absences such as paid annual leave and performance incentives. The cost of compensated absences is accounted as under :

(a) in case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees render the services that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and

(b) in case of non - accumulating compensated absences, when the absences occur.

(iii) Long-term employee benefits

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance Sheet date. Long Service Awards are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

(o) Taxes on Income

Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act,1961.

Deferred Tax is recognised on timing differences, being the differences between the taxable income and the accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.

Deferred Tax Assets in respect of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses are recognised if there is virtual certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income available to realise such losses. Other Deferred Tax Assets are recognised if there is reasonable certainty that there will be sufficient future taxable income to realise such assets.

(p) Derivative Contracts

The Company enters into derivative contracts in the nature of full currency swaps, currency options, forward contracts with an intention to hedge its existing assets and liabilities, firm commitments and highly probable transactions.

Derivative contracts which are closely linked to the underlying transactions are recognised in accordance with the contract terms. All other contracts are marked-to-market and losses are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account. Gains arising on the same are not recognised on grounds of prudence.

(q) Provisions and Contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in Notes to Accounts.

(r) Segment Reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the - Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis have been included under "unallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilities".

(s) Borrowing costs

Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the extent not directly related to the acquisition of fixed assets are amortised and charged to Profit and Loss Account, over the tenure of the loan. Interest on borrowed money, allocated to and utilised for qualifying fixed assets, pertaining to the period upto the date of capitalisation is added to the cost of the assets.

(t) Debenture Issues Expenses

Debenture issue expenses and redemption premium are adjusted against the Securities Premium Account as permissible under Section 78(2) of the Companies Act, 1956.

Mar 31, 2010

(a) Basis of Accounting

The accounts of the Company are prepared under the Historical Cost Convention using the accrual method of accounting.

(b) Use of Estimates

The presentation of the financial statements in conformity with the generally accepted accounting principles requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Such estimates and assumptions are based on the ManagementÃs evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as on the date of the financial statements. The actual outcome may diverge from these estimates.

(c) Fixed Assets

Fixed Assets are carried at cost less depreciation and impairment loss. The cost of fixed assets includes interest on borrowings attributable to acquisition of fixed assets up to the date of commissioning of the assets and other incidental expenses incurred up to that date. Machinery spares whose use is expected to be irregular are capitalised and depreciated over the useful life of the principal item of asset.

Fixed Assets acquired and put to use for project purpose are capitalised and depreciation thereon is included in project cost till commissioning of the project.

(d) Capital Work-in-Progress

Projects under commissioning and other Capital Work-in-Progress are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest.

(e) Foreign Currency Transactions

(i) Purchases and sales in foreign currencies are accounted at exchange rates prevailing on the date of transaction. Short term monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies as at the Balance Sheet date are translated at the rates prevailing at the year end and the resultant net gains or losses are recognised as income or expense in the year in which they arise. The exchange difference on long term loans to non-integral foreign operations, are accumulated in a Foreign Currency Translation Reserve, until disposal / recovery of the net investment.

The exchange differences arising on revaluation of long term foreign currency monetary items for the year ended 31 March, 2008, 2009 and 2010 are being amortised over the shorter of the maturity period or 31st March, 2011. The unamortised balance is presented as ÃForeign Currency Monetary item Translation Difference AccountÃ net of tax effect thereon.

(ii) Premium / discount on forward exchange contracts, which are not intended for trading or speculation purposes, are amortised over the period of the contract. Forward exchange contracts outstanding at the Balance Sheet date are stated at fair value and any gains or losses are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account.

(f) Investments

Long term investments are carried at cost less provision for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are carried individually, at lower of cost and fair value.

(g) Inventories

Inventories are valued at lower of cost (on weighted average basis) and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Work in process and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads and, where applicable, excise duty.

(h) Employee Separation Compensation

(i) Compensation paid / payable to employees who have opted for retirement under ÃVoluntary Retirement SchemeÃ / ÃEarly Separation SchemeÃ is amortised over the period for which benefit is expected.

(ii) Liability under ÃEarly Separation SchemeÃ is computed and accounted at the Net Present Value.

(i) Sales

Sales are recognised, net of returns and trade discounts, on dispatch of goods to customers. Sales Tax and Value Added Tax are excluded. In respect of Urea, sales are recognised based on provisional rates of group concession as notified under the New Pricing Scheme. Equated freight claims and escalation claims for Urea sales are estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed or notified under the said Scheme. In case of complex fertilisers, other than traded goods, sales include price concession, as notified under the Concession Scheme, or as estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed. Equated freight claims for complex fertilisers are estimated by the Management based on the norms prescribed or notified under the uniform freight policy.

(j) Other Income

Interest income is accounted on an accrual basis. Dividend income is accounted for when the right to receive income is established.

(k) Research and Development Expenses

Revenue expenditure pertaining to Research and Development is charged to the Profit and Loss Account. Expenditure on fixed assets used in Research and Development is capitalised.

(l) Depreciation

(i) Depreciation has been provided on the straight line method as per Section 205(2)(b) of the Companies Act, 1956 as follows :

(a) in respect of assets acquired on or after 1st April, 1987, at the rates and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 as amended, except in respect of the following categories of assets, in whose case the life of the assets has been assessed as under :

Membrane Cells 4 years

Catalyst 5-7 years

Vehicles 4 years

Computers and data processing equipments 4 years

High Pressure Boiler 4 & Turbine 12 8 years

RO Water Plant 4 years

Railway wagon procured under Wagon Investment scheme 15 years

(b) for the purpose of depreciation, impairment loss is taken into account.

(ii) Leasehold land is amortised over the duration of the lease.

(iii) Capital assets whose ownership does not vest in the Company are depreciated over their estimated useful life.

(m) Impairment of Assets

Impairment is ascertained at each Balance Sheet date in respect of Cash Generating Units. An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and the value in use. In assessing the value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor. An impairment loss recognised is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates of cash flows and discount rates used for determining the recoverable amount. The carrying amount is increased to the amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised in accordance with AS-28.

(n) Employee Benefits

Employee benefits consist of Provident Fund, Superannuation Fund, Gratuity Fund, compensated absences, long service awards, post retirement medical benefits, DirectorsÃ retirement obligations and Family Benefit Scheme. Provident fund is considered as a defined benefit plan.

(i) Post-employment benefit plans

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes for eligible employees in the form of Superannuation Fund are charged as an expense as they fall due.

For defined benefit schemes in the form of gratuity fund, post retirement medical benefits, DirectorsÃ Pension Liabilities and Family Benefit Scheme, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit Method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in full in the Profit and Loss Account for the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognised immediately to the extent that the benefits are already vested, and otherwise is amortised on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested. The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognised past service cost, and as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to past service cost, plus the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the schemes.

The Company makes contribution towards provident fund, a defined benefit retirement plan. The provident fund is administered by the Trustees of the Tata Chemicals Limited Provident Fund. The Rules of the CompanyÃs Provident Fund administered by a Trust require that if the Board of Trustees are unable to pay interest at the rate declared by the EmployeesÃ Provident Fund by the Government under para 60 of the EmployeesÃ Provident Fund Scheme, 1952 for the reason that the return on investment is less or for any other reason, then the deficiency shall be made good by the Company. Having regard to the assets of the Fund and the return on the investments, the Company does not expect any deficiency in the foreseeable future.

Family Benefit Scheme is an unfunded defined benefit plan. The benefits of the plan accrue to eligible employees at the time of death or permanant disablement while in service, either as a result of an injury or as certified by the CompanyÃs Medical Board. The monthly payment to dependents of the deceased / disabled employee under the plan equals to 100% of the last drawn basic salary in case of Management and Officer cadre employees and 100% of the last drawn basic salary plus Dearness Allowance & Fixed Additional Dearness Allowance for employees in the workmen category. The Company accounts for the liability for Family Benefit Scheme payable in future based on an independent actuarial valuation carried out at each Balance Sheet date.

(ii) Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees is recognised during the period when the employees renders the service. These benefits include compensated absences such as paid annual leave.

The cost of compensated absences is accounted as under :

(a) in case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees renders the services that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and

(b) in case of non - accumulating compensated absence when the absences occur.

(iii) Long-term employee benefits

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance Sheet date. Long Service Awards are recognised as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

(o) Taxes on Income

Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act,1961.Deferred tax is recognised for all timing differences, subject to the consideration of prudence, applying the tax rates that have been substantively enacted at the Balance Sheet date.

(p) Derivative Contracts

The Company enters into derivative contracts in the nature of full currency swaps, currency options, forward contracts with an intention to hedge its existing assets and liabilities and firm commitments. Derivative contracts which are closely linked to the underlying transactions are recognised in accordance with the contract terms. All other contracts are marked-to-market and losses are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account. Gains arising on the same are not recognised on grounds of prudence.

(q) Provisions and Contingencies

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent assets and liabilities are not recognised.

(r) Segment Reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis have been included under Ãunallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilitiesÃ.

(s) Borrowing costs

Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the extent not directly related to the acquisition of fixed assets are amortised and charged to Profit and Loss Account, over the tenure of the loan.

(t) Debenture Issues Expenses

Debenture issue expenses and redemption premium are adjusted against the Securities Premium Account as permissible under Section 78(2) of the Companies Act, 1956.

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