Accounting Policies of Aditya Birla Nuvo Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2015

I. BASIS OF PREPARATION

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in India (Indian GAAP) under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis in compliance with all material aspect of the Accounting Standard (AS) Notified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read together with paragraph 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014. The accounting policies have been consistently applied by the Company and are consistent with those used in the previous year, except for the change in accounting policy explained in paragraph II below.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle, and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as up to twelve months for the purpose of current/non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

II. CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING POLICY

Till the year ended 31 March, 2014, Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956, prescribed requirements concerning depreciation of fixed assets. From the current year, Schedule XIV has been replaced by Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013. Effective from 1st April, 2014, the Company has provided depreciation on fixed assets based on useful lives as provided in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 or as re-assessed by the Company. The management believes that depreciation rates currently used fairly reflect its estimate of the useful lives and residual values of fixed assets, though these rates in certain cases are different from lives prescribed under Schedule II.

Further, on application of Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, the Company has changed the manner of depreciation for its fixed assets. Now, the Company identifies and determines separate useful life for each major component of the fixed asset, if they have useful life that is materially different from that of the remaining asset.

Based on transitional provision given in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, the carrying value of assets whose useful lives are already exhausted amounting to Rs. 12.51 Crore (net of deferred tax Rs. 6.44 Crore) has been charged to opening balance of retained earnings. Had there been no change in useful lives of fixed assets, the charge to the Statement of Profit and Loss would have been higher by Rs. 19.03 Crore.

III. USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. Although, these estimates are based on the management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities in future periods.

IV. TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION

Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment loss, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use. Each part of an item of property, plant and equipment with a cost, that is significant in relation to the total cost of the item, is depreciated separately. This applies mainly to components for machinery. When significant parts of fixed assets are required to be replaced at intervals, the Company recognises such parts as individual assets with specific useful lives and depreciates them accordingly. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price.

Depreciation on Tangible Fixed Assets is provided on Straight Line method using the rates arrived at based on the useful lives as specified in the Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 or estimated by the management. The Company has used the following useful life to provide depreciation on its fixed assets.

V. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND AMORTISATION

Intangible Assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Intangible Assets are amortised on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.

VI. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date, if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external factors. An asset is treated as impaired when the carrying cost of the assets exceeds its recoverable value. An impairment loss, if any, is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which an asset is identified as impaired. Reversal of impairment losses recognised in the prior years is recorded when there is an indication that the impairment losses recognised for the assets no longer exist or have decreased.

VII. BORROWING COSTS

Borrowing Costs attributable to acquisition and construction of qualifying assets are capitalised as a part of the cost of such assets up to the date when such assets are ready for its intended use.

Other borrowing costs are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.

VIII. TRANSLATION OF FOREIGN CURRENCY ITEMS

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the rate of exchange prevailing on the date of transaction. Foreign currency monetary items are reported using closing rate of exchange at the end of the year. With respect to the exchange difference arising on translation/settlement of long-term foreign currency items from 1st April, 2011, the Company has adopted the following policy:

(i) Foreign exchange difference on account of a depreciable asset is adjusted in the cost of the depreciable asset, which would be depreciated over the balance life of the asset.

(ii) In other cases, the foreign exchange difference is accumulated in a Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account, and amortised over the balance period of such long-term asset/liability.

Exchange difference on restatement of all other monetary items is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Other non- monetary items like fixed assets, investments in equity shares are carried in terms of historical cost using the exchange rate at the date of transaction.

IX. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

Premium/Discount, in respect of forward foreign exchange contract to hedge an underlying recorded asset or liability, is recognised over the life of the contracts. Exchange differences on such contracts, except the contracts which are long-term foreign currency monetary items, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which the exchange rate changes. Profit/Loss on cancellation/renewal of forward exchange contract is recognised as income/expense for the year.

The Company enters into forward contracts to hedge the foreign currency risk of firm commitments and highly probable forecast transactions and designates such forward contracts as cash flow hedge by applying the principles set out in the Accounting Standard-30 - Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. All such forward contracts are used as risk management tools and not for speculative purposes.

For the forward contracts designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the fair value of forward contracts are recognised in Hedging Reserve (net of taxes) under Reserves and Surplus, and reclassified into, i.e., recognised in, the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period or periods during which the underlying hedged item assumed affects profit or loss. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of such instruments is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise. If the hedging relationship ceases to be effective or it becomes probable that the expected transaction will no longer occur, the hedge accounting is discontinued and the fair value changes, arising from the forward contracts are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

The Company uses derivative financial instruments such as currency swap, and interest rate swaps to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations and interest rate. As per the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) announcement regarding accounting for derivative contracts, other than covered under AS-11 and foreign exchange contracts to hedge highly probable forecast transactions and firm commitments described above, these are mark-to-market on the portfolio basis and net loss after considering the offsetting effect on the underlying hedged item is charged to the income statement. Net gains are ignored.

X. INVESTMENTS

Investments, which are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments.

Investments are recorded at cost on the date of purchase, which include acquisition charges such as brokerage, stamp duty, taxes, etc. Current Investments are stated at lower of cost and net realisable value. Long-term investments are stated at cost after deducting provisions made, if any, for other than temporary diminution in the value.

XI. INVENTORIES

Raw materials, components, stores and spares, and packing materials are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value.

However, these items are considered to be realisable at cost if the finished products, in which they will be used, are expected to be sold at or above cost.

Work-in-progress, finished goods and stock-in-trade are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

Cost of inventories is computed on a weighted-average basis.

Proceeds in respect of sale of raw materials/stores are credited to the respective heads. Obsolete, defective and unserviceable inventory are duly provided for.

Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost includes consultant''s fee and the cash payment made under the second levy to the concerned authorities for obtaining the credit of CERs.

XII. GOVERNMENT GRANTS

Government Grants are recognised when there is a reasonable assurance that the same will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with. Revenue grants are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Capital grants relating to specific Tangible/Intangible Assets are reduced from the gross value of the respective Tangible/Intangible Assets. Other capital grants in the nature of promoter''s contribution are credited to capital reserve.

XIII. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and can be reliably measured.

Revenue from sale of products is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer. Sale of goods are recorded net of trade discounts, rebates, Sales Tax, Value Added Tax and gross of Excise Duty. Revenue from services are recognised as they are rendered based on agreements/arrangements with the concerned parties and recognised net of Service Tax.

Fertiliser price support under Group Concession and other Scheme of Government of India is recognised based on management''s estimate taking into account known policy parameters and input price escalation/de-escalation.

Income from Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) is recognised on sale of CERs.

Interest Income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and applicable interest rate.

Dividend income on investments is accounted for when the right to receive the payment is established.

XIV. RETIREMENT AND OTHER EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

(a) Defined Contribution Plan

The Company makes defined contribution to Government Employee Provident Fund, Government Employee Pension Fund, Employee Deposit Linked Insurance, ESI and Superannuation Schemes, which are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on accrual basis.

(b) Defined Benefit Plan

The Company''s liabilities under Payment of Gratuity Act, long-term compensated absences and pension are determined on the basis of actuarial valuation made at the end of each financial year using the projected unit credit method except for short-term compensated absences, which are provided for based on estimates. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss as income or expense. Obligation is measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows using a discounted rate that is determined by reference to market yields at the Balance Sheet date on Government bonds where the terms of the Government bonds are consistent with the estimated terms of the defined benefit obligation.

In respect of certain employees, Provident Fund contributions are made to a Trust, administered by the Company. The interest rate payable to the members of the Trust shall not be lower than the statutory rate of interest declared by the Central Government under the Employees'' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952, and shortfall, if any, shall be made good by the Company. The Company''s liability is actuarially determined (using the Projected Unit Credit Method) at the end of the year and any shortfall in the Fund size maintained by the Trust set up by the Company is additionally provided for. Actuarial losses/gains are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which they arise.

XV. EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS

The stock options and stock appreciation rights (SAR) granted are accounted for as per the accounting treatment prescribed by Securities and Exchange Board of India (Share-Based Employee Benefits) Regulations, 2014, issued by Securities and Exchange Board of India and the Guidance Note on Accounting for Employee Share-based Payments, issued by the ICAI, whereby the intrinsic value of the option is recognised as employee compensation. The employee compensation is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on the straight-line basis over the vesting period of the option.

In respect of re-pricing of existing stock options, the incremental intrinsic value of the options is accounted as employee cost over the remaining vesting period.

In case of forfeiture stock option which is not vested, amortised portion is reversed by credit to employee compensation expense. In a situation where the stock option expires unexercised, the related balance standing to the credit of the employees Stock Options Outstanding Account are transferred to the General Reserve.

XVI. TAXATION

Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax.

Provision for current tax is made on the basis of estimated taxable income for the current accounting year in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis.

The deferred tax for timing differences between the book and tax profits for the year is accounted for, using the tax rates and laws that have been substantively enacted as of the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets arising from timing differences are recognised to the extent there is reasonable certainty that these would be realised in future.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date. The Company writes down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realised. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

In case of unabsorbed losses and unabsorbed depreciation, all deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profit. At each Balance Sheet date the Company reassesses the unrecognised deferred tax assets.

Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal Income Tax during the specified period. In the year in which the MAT credit becomes eligible to be recognised as an asset in accordance with the recommendations contained in the Guidance Note issued by the ICAI, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the Statement of Profit and Loss and shown as MAT Credit Entitlement. The Company reviews the same at each Balance Sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT Credit Entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal Income Tax during the specified period.

XVII. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Revenue expenditure on research is expensed under the respective heads of the account in the period in which it is incurred. Development expenditure is capitalised as an asset if the following conditions can be demonstrated:

a) The technical feasibility of completing the asset so that it can be made available for use or sell.

b) The Company has intention to complete the asset and use or sell it.

c) The Company has the ability to sell the asset.

d) The future economic benefits are probable.

e) The Company has the ability to measure the expenditure attributable to the asset during its development reliably. Other development costs which do not meet the above criteria are expensed out during the period in which they are incurred.

XVIII. FINANCE LEASE

As a Lessee:

Leases, where substantially all the risks and benefits incidental to ownership of the leased item are transferred to the Lessee, are classified as finance lease. The Company has capitalised the leased item at lower of fair value and present value of the minimum lease payments at the inception of the lease and disclosed as leased assets. Such assets are amortised over the period of lease or estimated life of such asset, whichever is less.

Lease payments are apportioned between the finance charges and reduction of the lease liability based on implicit rate of return. Lease management fees, lease charges and other initial direct costs are capitalised.

XIX. OPERATING LEASES

(a) As a Lessee:

Leases, where significant portion of risk and reward of ownership are retained by the Lessor, are classified as Operating Leases and lease rentals thereon are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

(b) As a Lessor:

The Company has leased certain tangible assets, and such leases, where the Company has substantially retained all the risks and rewards of ownership, are classified as operating leases. Lease income is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over lease term. Initial direct costs are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

XX. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash and Cash Equivalents for the purpose of Cash Flow Statement comprise cash on hand and cash at bank including fixed deposit with original maturity period of three months or less and short-term highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less.

XXI. CASH FLOW STATEMENT

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

XXII. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting preference dividends and attributable taxes) by the weighted-average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The weighted-average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events such as bonus issue; bonus element in a rights issue to the existing shareholders; share split; and reverse share split (consolidation of shares) that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

XXIII. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND PROVISIONS

Contingent Liabilities are possible but not probable obligations as on Balance Sheet date, based on the available evidence. Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of past events, and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

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Mar 31, 2014

I. BASIS OF PREPARATION

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in India (Indian GAAP) under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis in compliance with all material aspect of the Accounting Standards (AS) notified by the Companies Accounting Standard Rules, 2006 (as amended), and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956, read with General Circular 8/2014 dated April 4, 2014, issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs to the extent applicable. The accounting policies have been consistently applied by the Company and are consistent with those used in the previous year.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle, and other criteria set out in the Revised Schedule VI of the Companies Act, 1956. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as up to twelve months for the purpose of current/non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

II. USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. Although, these estimates are based on the management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities in future periods.

III. TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION

Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment loss, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

Depreciation on Tangible Fixed Assets is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates and in the manner prescribed under the Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956, except in the case of followings, where depreciation is equally charged over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which is higher than the rates prescribed under the Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.

Fixed Assets, individually costing less than Rupees Five Thousand, are fully depreciated in the year of purchase.

Depreciation on the Fixed Assets added/disposed off/discarded during the year is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition/disposal/discarding and in the case of capitalisation of Greenfield/Brownfield project, depreciation is charged from the date the project is ready to commence commercial production to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

"Continuous process plants" are classified based on technical assessment and depreciation is provided accordingly.

IV. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND AMORTISATION

Intangible Assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Intangible assets are amortised on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.

V. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date, if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external factors. An asset is treated as impaired when the carrying cost of the asset exceeds its recoverable value. An impairment loss, if any, is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which an asset is identified as impaired. Reversal of impairment losses recognised in the prior years is recorded when there is an indication that the impairment losses recognised for the assets no longer exist or have decreased.

VI. BORROWING COSTS

Borrowing Costs attributable to acquisition and construction of qualifying assets are capitalised as a part of the cost of such assets up to the date when such assets are ready for its intended use.

Other borrowing costs are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.

VII. TRANSLATION OF FOREIGN CURRENCY ITEMS

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the rate of exchange prevailing on the date of transaction. Foreign currency monetary items are reported using closing rate of exchange at the end of the year. With respect to exchange difference arising on translation/settlement of long-term foreign currency items from 1st April, 2011, the Company has adopted the following policies:

(i) Foreign exchange difference on account of a depreciable asset is adjusted in the cost of the depreciable asset, which would be depreciated over the balance life of the asset.

(ii) In other cases, the foreign exchange difference is accumulated in a Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account, and amortised over the balance period of such long-term asset/liability.

Exchange difference on restatement of all other monetary items is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Other non- monetary items like fixed assets, investments in equity shares are carried in terms of historical cost using the exchange rate at the date of transaction.

VIII. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

Premium/Discount, in respect of forward foreign exchange contract to hedge an underlying recorded asset or liability, is recognised over the life of the contracts. Exchange differences on such contracts, except the contracts which are long-term foreign currency monetary items, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which the exchange rates changes. Profit/Loss on cancellation/renewal of forward exchange contract is recognised as income/expense for the year.

The Company enters into forward contracts to hedge the foreign currency risk of firm commitments and highly probable forecast transactions and designates such forward contracts as cash flow hedge by applying the principles set out in the Accounting Standard-30 – Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. All such forward contracts are used as risk management tools and not for speculative purposes.

For the forward contracts designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the fair value of forward contracts are recognised in Hedging Reserve (net of taxes) under Reserves and Surplus, and reclassified into, i.e., recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period or periods during which the underlying hedged item assumed affects profit or loss. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of such instruments is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise. If the hedging relationship ceases to be effective or it becomes probable that the expected transaction will no longer occur, the hedge accounting is discontinued and the fair value changes, arising from the forward contracts are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

The Company uses derivative financial instruments such as currency swap and interest rate swaps to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations and interest rate. As per the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) announcement regarding accounting for derivative contracts, other than covered under AS-11 and foreign exchange contracts to hedge highly probable forecast transactions and firm commitments described above, these are mark-to-market on the portfolio basis and net loss after considering the offsetting effect on the underlying hedged item is charged to the income statement. Net gains are ignored.

IX. INVESTMENTS

Investments, which are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments.

Investments are recorded at cost on the date of purchase, which includes acquisition charges such as brokerage, stamp duty, taxes, etc. Current investments are stated at lower of cost and net realisable value. Long-term investments are stated at cost after deducting provisions made, if any, for other than temporary diminution in the value.

X. INVENTORIES

Raw materials, components, stores and spares, and packing material are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. However, these items are considered to be realisable at cost if the finished products, in which they will be used, are expected to be sold at or above cost.

Work-in-progress, finished goods and stock-in-trade are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

Cost of inventories is computed on a weighted-average basis.

Proceeds in respect of sale of raw materials/stores are credited to the respective heads. Obsolete, defective and unserviceable inventory are duly provided for.

CERs are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost includes consultant''s fee and the cash payment made under the second levy to the concerned authorities for obtaining the credit of CERs.

XI. GOVERNMENT GRANTS

Government Grants are recognised when there is a reasonable assurance that the same will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with. Revenue grants are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Capital grants relating to specific Tangible/Intangible Assets are reduced from the gross value of the respective Tangible/Intangible Assets. Other capital grants in the nature of promoter''s contribution are credited to capital reserve.

XII. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and can be reliably measured.

Revenue from sale of products is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer. Sale of goods are recorded net of trade discounts, rebates, Sales Tax, Value Added Tax and gross of Excise Duty.

Revenue from services are recognised as they are rendered based on agreements/arrangements with the concerned parties and recognised net of Service Tax.

Fertiliser price support under Group Concession and other Scheme of Government of India is recognised based on management''s estimate taking into account known policy parameters and input price escalation/de-escalation.

Income from Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) is recognised on sale of CERs.

Interest income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and applicable interest rate.

Dividend income on investments is accounted for when the right to receive the payment is established.

XIII. RETIREMENT AND OTHER EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

(a) Defined Contribution Plan

The Company makes defined contribution to Government Employee Provident Fund, Government Employee Pension Fund, Employee Deposit Linked Insurance, ESI and Superannuation Schemes, which are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on accrual basis.

(b) Defined Benefit Plan

The Company''s liabilities under Payment of Gratuity Act, long-term compensated absences and pension are determined on the basis of actuarial valuation made at the end of each financial year using the projected unit credit method except for short-term compensated absences, which are provided for based on estimates. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss as income or expense. Obligation is measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows using a discounted rate that is determined by reference to market yields at the Balance Sheet date on Government bonds where the terms of Government bonds are consistent with the estimated terms of the defined benefit obligation.

In respect of certain employees, Provident Fund contributions are made to a Trust, administered by the Company. The interest rate payable to the members of the Trust shall not be lower than the statutory rate of interest declared by the Central Government under the Employees'' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952, and shortfall, if any, shall be made good by the Company. The Company''s liability is actuarially determined (using the Projected Unit Credit Method) at the end of the year and any shortfall in the Fund size maintained by the Trust set up by the Company is additionally provided for. Actuarial losses/gains are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which they arise.

XIV. EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS

The stock options granted are accounted for as per the accounting treatment prescribed by Employee Stock Options Scheme, Employee Stock Purchase Guidelines, 1999, issued by Securities and Exchange Board of India and the Guidance Note on Accounting for Employee Share-based Payments, issued by the ICAI, whereby the intrinsic value of the option is recognised as deferred employee compensation. The deferred employee compensation is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on the straight-line basis over the vesting period of the option.

In respect of re-pricing of existing stock options, the incremental intrinsic value of the options is accounted as employee cost over the remaining vesting period.

The deferred employee compensation is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on straight-line basis over the vesting period of the option. In case of forfeiture stock option, which is not vested, amortised portion is reversed by credit to employee compensation expense. In a situation where the stock option expires unexercised, the related balance standing to the credit of the employee''s Stock Options Outstanding Account are transferred to the General Reserve.

Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) granted to employees under the Cash-settled Employee Share-based Payment Plan is recognised based on intrinsic value method. Intrinsic value of the SARs is determined as excess of closing market price on the reporting date over the market price as on the date of grant of the unit and is charged as employee benefit over the vesting period in accordance with "Guidance Note on Accounting for Employee Share-based Payments" issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.

XV. TAXATION

Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax.

Provision for current tax is made on the basis of estimated taxable income for the current accounting year in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis.

The deferred tax for timing differences between the book and tax profits for the year is accounted for, using the tax rates and laws that have been substantively enacted as of the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets arising from timing differences are recognised to the extent there is reasonable certainty that these would be realised in future.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date. The Company writes down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realised. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

In case of unabsorbed losses and unabsorbed depreciation, all deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profit. At each Balance Sheet date the Company reassesses the unrecognised deferred tax assets.

Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal Income-tax during the specified period. In the year in which the MAT credit becomes eligible to be recognised as an asset in accordance with the recommendations contained in Guidance Note issued by the ICAI, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the Statement of Profit and Loss and shown as MAT Credit Entitlement. The Company reviews the same at each Balance Sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT Credit Entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal Income-tax during the specified period.

XVI. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Revenue expenditure on research is expensed under the respective heads of the account in the period in which it is incurred. Development expenditure is capitalised as an asset if the following conditions can be demonstrated:

(a) The technical feasibility of completing the asset so that it can be made available for use or sell.

(b) The Company has intention to complete the asset and use or sell it.

(c) The Company has the ability to sell the asset.

(d) The future economic benefits are probable.

(e) The Company has ability to measure the expenditure attributable to the asset during its development reliably.

Other development costs, which do not meet the above criteria, are expensed out during the period in which they are incurred.

XVII. OPERATING LEASES

(a) As a Lessee:

Leases, where significant portion of risk and reward of ownership are retained by the Lessor, are classified as Operating Leases and lease rentals thereon are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

(b) As a Lessor:

The Company has leased certain tangible assets, and such leases, where the Company has substantially retained all the risks and rewards of ownership, are classified as operating leases. Lease income is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over lease term. Initial direct costs are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

XVIII. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash and Cash Equivalents for the purpose of cash flow statement comprise cash on hand and cash at bank including fixed deposit with original maturity period of three months or less and short-term highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less.

XIX. MEASUREMENT OF PROFIT BEFORE DEPRECIATION/ AMORTISATION, INTEREST AND TAX (PBDIT)

As permitted by the Guidance Note on the Revised Schedule VI of the Companies Act, 1956, the Company has elected to present PBDIT as a separate line item on the face of the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company measures PBDIT on the basis of profit/loss from operations. In its measurement, the Company does not include depreciation and amortisation expenses, finance costs and tax expenses.

XX. CASH FLOW STATEMENT

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

XXI. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting preference dividends and attributable taxes) by the weighted-average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The weighted-average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events such as bonus issue; bonus element in a rights issue to existing shareholders; share split; and reverse share split (consolidation of shares) that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

XXII. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND PROVISIONS

Contingent Liabilities are possible but not probable obligations as on Balance Sheet date, based on the available evidence.

Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of past events, and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made.

Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

2) Term/Right Attached to Equity Shares

The Company has only one class of equity shares having a par value of Rs. 10 per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share. The Company declares and pays dividend in Indian rupees. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the Annual General Meeting.

In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the Company, after distribution to all preferential holders. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.

The Board of Directors has recommended Equity Dividend of Rs. 7.00 per share for the year ended 31st March, 2014 (Previous Year: Rs. 6.50 per share). The total cash outflows on account of the Equity Dividend would be Rs. 91.06 Crore (Previous Year: Rs. 78.14 Crore) and Dividend Distribution Tax thereon (Net of Tax Credit on dividend from subsidiary companies) would be Rs. 6.67 Crore (Previous Year: Rs. Nil).

3) Term of Conversion/Redemption of Preference Shares

In accordance with the Composite Scheme of Arrangement, 10,000 (Previous Year: 10,000) 6% Redeemable Cumulative Preference Shares of Rs. 100/- each, fully paid-up, were issued to preference shareholders (other than the Company) of Pantaloons Fashion & Retail Limited.

Preference shares carry cumulative dividend @6% p.a. The Company declares and pays dividend in Indian rupees. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the Annual General Meeting.

These preference shares are redeemable by the Company at any time after completion of one year and on or before completion of five years from the 1st January, 2010, at the face value. In the event of liquidation of the Company before conversion/redemption of preference shares, the holders of Preference Shares will have priority over Equity Shares in the payment of dividend and repayment of capital.

The Board of Directors has recommended Preference Dividend of Rs. 6.00 per share for the year ended 31st March, 2014 (Previous Year: Rs. 6.00 per share). The total cash outflows on account of the Preference Dividend would be Rs. 0.01 Crore (Previous Year: Rs. 0.01 Crore) and Dividend Distribution Tax thereon (Net of Tax Credit on dividend from subsidiary companies) would be Rs. Nil (Previous Year: Rs. Nil). There are no arrears of Dividend relating to Preference Shares.

4) The Company does not have any Holding Company.

6) Share reserved for issue under options and contracts, including the terms and amounts: For details of Shares reserved for issue under the Employee Stock Options Plan (ESOP) of the Company refer Note: 41.

7) There are no Equity and Preference Shares issued as fully paid-up pursuant to any contract in consideration of other than cash or bought back during the preceding last five years except issue of 10,000 6% Redeemable Cumulative Preference Shares of Rs. 100 each pursuant to a Scheme of Composite Arrangement to shareholders of Pantaloons Fashion & Retail Limited.

9) In the year 1997, the Company had forfeited 4,487 shares held by 299 holders on account of non-payment of call money with interest on shares issued against each detachable warrant.

10) 3,182,052 Equity Shares (Previous Year: 3,182,052) are represented by Global Depository Receipts.

11) During the last five years, preceding 31st March, 2014, there were 80 Bonus Shares (Previous Year: 420 Bonus Shares) issued out of shares kept in abeyance.

12) Figures in brackets represent the corresponding number of shares for Previous Year.

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Mar 31, 2013

I. BASIS OF PREPARATION

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in India (Indian GAAP) under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis in compliance with all material aspect of the Accounting Standard (AS) Notified by the Companies Accounting Standard Rules, 2006 (as amended), and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The accounting policies have been consistently applied by the Company and are consistent with those used in the previous year except for those disclosed in Paragraph II given below.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle, and other criteria set out in the Revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as up to twelve months for the purpose of current/non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

II. CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING POLICY

(a) Effective from 1st April, 2012, the Company has applied hedge accounting principles in respect of forward exchange contracts taken to hedge the foreign currency risk of firm commitments and highly probable forecast transactions as set out in the Accounting Standard (AS) 30 - Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. Accordingly, all such contracts that are designated as hedging instruments to hedge the foreign currency risk of firm commitments and highly probable forecast transactions, are marked to market, and loss (net) aggregating to Rs. 2.43 Crore has been recognised in the Hedging Reserve Account. Had the Company continued to follow the earlier accounting policy, this loss (net) would have been recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(b) Effective from 1st April, 2012, the Company has accounted for Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) accounting based on the Guidance Note on Accounting for self-generated Certified Emission Reductions, issued by The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. Accordingly, income from CERs is recognised on sale of CERs, and CERs are shown as inventory at lower of cost or net realisable value. Further, CER as on 1 st April, 2012, has been recognised at lower of cost or Net realisable value based on Transitional provision of the Guidance Note and differential amount of Rs. 0.74 Crore (net of taxes) has been adjusted against General Reserves as per the Guidance Note.

III. USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. Although, these estimates are based on the management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities in future periods.

IV. TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION

Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment loss, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

Depreciation on Tangible Fixed Assets is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates and in the manner prescribed under the Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956, except in the case of followings, where depreciation is equally charged over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which is higher than the rates prescribed under the Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.

Depreciation on the Fixed Assets added/disposed off/discarded during the year is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition/disposal/discarding and in the case of capitalisation of Greenfield/ Brownfield project, depreciation is charged from the date the project is ready to commence commercial production to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

"Continuous process plants" are classified based on technical assessment and depreciation is provided accordingly.

V. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND AMORTISATION

Intangible Assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Intangible assets are amortised on a straight line basis over their estimated useful lives.

VI. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external factors. An asset is treated as impaired when the carrying cost of the assets exceeds its recoverable value. An impairment loss, if any, is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which an asset is identified as impaired. Reversal of impairment losses recognised in the prior years is recorded when there is an indication that the impairment losses recognised for the assets no longer exist or have decreased.

VII. BORROWING COSTS

Borrowing Costs attributable to acquisition and construction of qualifying assets are capitalised as a part of the cost of such assets up to the date when such assets are ready for its intended use.

Other borrowing costs are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.

VIII. TRANSLATION OF FOREIGN CURRENCY ITEMS

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the rate of exchange prevailing on the date of transaction. Foreign currency monetary items are reported using closing rate of exchange at the end of the year. With respect to exchange difference arising on translation/settlement of long-term foreign currency items from 1 st April, 2011, the Company has adopted the following policy:

(i) Foreign exchange difference on account of a depreciable asset is adjusted in the cost of the depreciable asset, which would be depreciated over the balance life of the asset.

(ii) In other cases, the foreign exchange difference is accumulated in a Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account, and amortised over the balance period of such long-term asset/liability.

Exchange difference on restatement of all other monetary items is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Other non-monetary items like fixed assets, investments in equity shares are carried in terms of historical cost using the exchange rate at the date of transaction.

IX. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

Premium/Discount, in respect of forward foreign exchange contract to hedge an underlying recorded asset or liability, is recognised over the life of the contracts. Exchange differences on such contracts are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which the exchange rates changes. Profit / Loss on cancellation/renewal of forward exchange contract is recognised as income/expense for the year.

The Company enters into forward contracts to hedge the foreign currency risk of firm commitments and highly probable forecast transactions and designates such forward contracts as cash flow hedge by applying the principles set out in the Accounting Standard 30 - Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. All such forward contracts are used as risk management tools and not for speculative purposes.

For the forward contracts designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the fair value of forward contracts are recognised in Hedging Reserve (net of taxes) under Reserves and Surplus, and reclassified into, i.e., recognised in, the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period or periods during which the underlying hedged item assumed affects profit or loss. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of such instruments is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise. If the hedging relationship ceases to be effective or it becomes probable that the expected transaction will no longer occur, the hedge accounting is discontinued and the fair value changes, arising from the forward contracts are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

The Company uses derivative financial instruments such as currency swap and interest rate swaps to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations and interest rate. As per The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) announcement regarding accounting for derivative contracts, other than covered under AS - 11 and foreign exchange contracts to hedge highly probable forecast transactions and firm commitments described above, these are mark to market on the portfolio basis and net loss after considering the offsetting effect on the underlying hedged item is charged to the income statement. Net gains are ignored.

X. INVESTMENTS

Investments, which are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments.

Investments are recorded at cost on the date of purchase, which includes acquisition charges such as brokerage, stamp duty, taxes, etc. Current Investments are stated at lower of cost and net realisable value. Long-term investments are stated at cost after deducting provisions made, if any, for other than temporary diminution in the value.

XI. INVENTORIES

Raw materials, components, stores and spares, and packing material are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. However, these items are considered to be realisable at cost if the finished products, in which they will be used, are expected to be sold at or above cost.

Work-in-progress, finished goods and stock-in-trade are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost of inventories is computed on a weighted-average basis.

Proceeds in respect of sale of raw materials/stores are credited to the respective heads. Obsolete, defective and unserviceable inventory are duly provided for.

CERs are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost includes consultant''s fee and the cash payment made under the second levy to the concerned authorities for obtaining the credit of CERs.

XII. GOVERNMENT GRANTS

Government Grants are recognised when there is a reasonable assurance that the same will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with. Revenue grants are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Capital grants relating to specific Tangible/Intangible Assets are reduced from the gross value of the respective Tangible/ Intangible Assets. Other capital grants in the nature of promoter''s contribution are credited to capital reserve.

XIII. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and can be reliably measured.

Revenue from sale of products is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer. Sale of goods are recorded net of trade discounts, rebates, Sales Tax, Value Added Tax and gross of Excise Duty.

Sale of power is recognised based on power off-take by the customer.

Revenue from services are recognised as they are rendered based on agreements/arrangements with the concerned parties and recognised net of Service Tax.

Fertiliser price support under Group Concession and other Scheme of Government of India is recognised based on management''s estimate taking into account known policy parameters and input price escalation/de-escalation.

Income from Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) is recognised on sale of CERs.

Interest Income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and applicable interest rate.

Dividend income on investments is accounted for when the right to receive the payment is established.

XIV. RETIREMENT AND OTHER EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

(a) Defined Contribution Plan

The Company makes defined contribution to Government Employee Provident Fund, Government Employee Pension Fund, Employee Deposit Linked Insurance, ESI and Superannuation Schemes, which are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on accrual basis.

(b) Defined Benefit Plan

The Company''s liabilities under Payment of Gratuity Act, long-term compensated absences and pension are determined on the basis of actuarial valuation made at the end of each financial year using the projected unit credit method except for short-term compensated absences, which are provided for based on estimates. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss as income or expense. Obligation is measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows using a discounted rate that is determined by reference to market yields at the Balance Sheet date on Government bonds where the terms of the Government bonds are consistent with the estimated terms of the defined benefit obligation.

In respect of certain employees, Provident Fund contributions are made to a Trust, administered by the Company. The interest rate payable to the members of the Trust shall not be lower than the statutory rate of interest declared by the Central Government under the Employees'' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952, and shortfall, if any, shall be made good by the Company. The Company''s liability is actuarially determined (using the Projected Unit Credit Method) at the end of the year and any shortfall in the Fund size maintained by the Trust set up by the Company is additionally provided for. Actuarial losses/gains are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which they arise.

XV. EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS

The stock options granted are accounted for as per the accounting treatment prescribed by Employee Stock Options Scheme, Employee Stock Purchase Guidelines, 1999, issued by Securities and Exchange Board of India and the Guidance Note on Accounting for Employee Share-based Payments, issued by the ICAI, whereby the intrinsic value of the option is recognised as deferred employee compensation. The deferred employee compensation is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on the straight-line basis over the vesting period of the option.

In respect of re-pricing of existing stock options, the incremental intrinsic value of the options is accounted as employee cost over the remaining vesting period.

The options that lapse are reversed by a credit to employee compensation expense, equal to the amortised portion of the value of lapsed portion and credit to deferred employee compensation expense equal to the unamortised portion.

XVI. TAXATION

Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax.

Provision for current tax is made on the basis of estimated taxable income for the current accounting year in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts, and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis.

The deferred tax for timing differences between the book and tax profits for the year is accounted for, using the tax rates and laws that have been substantively enacted as of the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets arising from timing differences are recognised to the extent there is reasonable certainty that these would be realised in future.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date. The Company writes down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realised. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

In case of unabsorbed losses and unabsorbed depreciation, deferred tax assets thereon are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profit. At each Balance Sheet date, the Company reassesses the unrecognised deferred tax assets.

Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal Income Tax during the specified period. In the year, in which the MAT credit becomes eligible to be recognised as an asset in accordance with the recommendations contained in the Guidance Note issued by the ICAI, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the Statement of Profit and Loss and shown as MAT Credit Entitlement. The Company reviews the same at each Balance Sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT Credit Entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal Income Tax during the specified period.

XVII. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Revenue expenditure on research is expensed under the respective heads of the account in the period in which it is incurred.

Development expenditure is capitalised as an asset if the following conditions can be demonstrated:

a) The technical feasibility of completing the asset so that it can be made available for use or sell.

b) The Company has intention to complete the asset and use or sell it.

c) The Company has the ability to sell the asset.

d) The Future economic benefits are probable.

e) The Company has the ability to measure the expenditure attributable to the asset during its development reliably.

Other development costs, which do not meet the above criteria, are expensed out during the period in which they are incurred.

XVIII. OPERATING LEASES

(a) As a Lessee:

Leases, where significant portion of risk and reward of ownership are retained by the Lessor, are classified as Operating Leases and lease rentals thereon are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

(b) As a Lessor:

The Company has leased certain tangible assets, and such leases, where the Company has substantially retained all the risks and rewards of ownership, are classified as operating leases. Lease income is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over lease term. Initial direct costs are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

XIX. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash and Cash Equivalents for the purpose of cash flow statement comprise cash on hand and cash at bank including fixed deposit with original maturity period of three months or less and short-term highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less.

XX. MEASUREMENT OF PROFIT BEFORE DEPRECIATION/AMORTISATION, INTEREST AND TAX (PBDIT)

As permitted by the Guidance Note on the Revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956, the Company has elected to present PBDIT as a separate line item on the face of the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company measures PBDIT on the basis of profit/loss from continuing operations. In its measurement, the Company does not include depreciation and amortisation expenses, finance costs and tax expenses.

XXI. CASH FLOW STATEMENT

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby the profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

XXII. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted-average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Earnings considered in ascertaining the Company''s earnings per share is the net profit for the period after deducting preference dividends and any attributable tax thereto for the period. The weighted-average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

XXIII. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND PROVISIONS

Contingent Liabilities are possible but not probable obligations as on Balance Sheet date, based on the available evidence.

Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of past events, and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made.

Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

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Mar 31, 2012

I. BASIS OF PREPARATION

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in India (Indian GAAP) under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis in compliance with all material aspect of the Accounting Standard (AS) Notified by the Companies Accounting Standard Rules, 2006 (as amended), and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The accounting policies have been consistently applied by the Company, and are consistent with those used in the previous year except for the change in the accounting policy as specified below.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company's normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as up to twelve months for the purpose of current and non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

II. CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING POLICY

(a) Presentation and Disclosure of the Financial Statements

The financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2011, had been prepared as per the then applicable, pre-revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956. Consequent to the notification of Revised Schedule VI under the Companies Act, 1956, the financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2012, are prepared as per the Revised Schedule VI. Accordingly, the previous year figures have also been reclassified to conform to this year's classification. The adoption of Revised Schedule VI for previous year figures does not impact any recognition and measurement principles followed for the preparation of financial statements.

(b) Exchange Difference

The Company has opted to avail the choice provided under paragraph 46A of AS-11: The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates inserted vide Notification dated December 29, 2011. Consequently, the following exchange differences on long-term foreign currency monetary items, which were until now being recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss, are now being dealt with in the following manner:

(i) Foreign exchange difference on account of a depreciable asset is adjusted in the cost of the depreciable asset, which would be depreciated over the balance life of the asset.

(ii) In other cases, the foreign exchange difference is accumulated in a Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account, and amortised over the balance period of such long-term asset/liability.

The above change in accounting policy does not have any impact on the current financial year,

III. USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the management's best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainly about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities in future periods.

IV. TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION

Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment loss, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

Depreciation on Tangible Fixed Assets is provided on Straight-Line Method at the rates and in the manner prescribed under the Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956, except in case of following, where depreciation is equally charged over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which is higher than rates prescribed under the Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.

V. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND AMORTISATION

Intangible Assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Intangible assets are amortised on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.

VI. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external factors. An asset is treated as impaired when the carrying cost of the assets exceeds its recoverable value. An impairment loss, if any, is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which an asset is identified as impaired. Reversal of impairment losses recognised in prior years is recorded when there is an indication that the impairment losses recognised for the assets no longer exist or have decreased.

VII. BORROWING COST

Borrowing Costs attributable to acquisition and construction of qualifying assets are capitalised as a part of the cost of such assets up to the date when such assets are ready for its intended use.

Other borrowing costs are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.

VIII. TRANSLATION OF FOREIGN CURRENCY ITEMS

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the rate of exchange prevailing on the date of transaction. Foreign currency monetary items are reported using closing rate of exchange at the end of the year. With respect to long- term foreign currency items from 1st April, 2011, onwards, the Company has adopted following policy:

(i) Foreign exchange difference on account of a depreciable asset is adjusted in the cost of the depreciable asset, which would be depreciated over the balance life of the asset.

(ii) In other cases, the foreign exchange difference is accumulated in a Foreign Currency Monetary Item Translation Difference Account, and amortised over the balance period of such long term asset/liability.

Exchange difference on restatement of all other monetary items is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Other non-monetary items like fixed assets, investments in equity shares are carried in terms of historical cost using the exchange rate at the date of transaction.

IX. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

Premium/Discount, in respect of forward foreign exchange contract, is recognised over the life of the contracts. Exchange differences on such contracts are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year which the exchange rates changes. Profit/Loss on cancellation/renewal of forward exchange contract is recognised as income/ expense for the year.

The Company uses derivative financial instruments such as forward contracts, currency swap and interest rate swaps to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations and interest rate. As per The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) announcement regarding accounting for derivative contracts, other than covered under AS-11, these are mark to market on the portfolio basis and net loss after considering the offsetting effect on the underlying hedged item is charged to the income statement. Net gains are ignored.

X. INVESTMENTS

Investments, which are readily realisable and intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments.

Investments are recorded at cost on the date of purchase, which includes acquisition charges such as brokerage, stamp duty, taxes, etc. Current Investments are stated at lower of cost and net realisable value. Long-term investments are stated at cost after deducting provisions made, if any, for other than temporary diminution in the value.

XI. INVENTORIES

Raw materials, components, stores and spares, and packing material are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. However, these items are considered to be realisable at cost if the finished products, in which they will be used, are expected to be sold at or above cost.

Work-in-progress, finished goods and stock-in-trade are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost of inventories is computed on a weighted average basis.

Proceeds in respect of sale of raw materials/stores are credited to the respective heads. Obsolete, defective and unserviceable inventory is duly provided for,

XII. GOVERNMENT GRANTS

Government Grants are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the same will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with. Revenue grants are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Capital grants relating to specific Tangible/Intangible Assets are reduced from the gross value of the respective Tangible/Intangible Assets. Other capital grants in the nature of promoter's contribution are credited to capital reserve.

XIII. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and can be reliably measured.

Revenue from sale of products is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer. Sale of goods are recorded net of trade discounts, rebates, sales tax and excise duty. Sale of power is recognised based on power off-take by the customer.

Income from services are recognised as they are rendered based on agreements/arrangements with the concerned parties and recognised net of service tax.

Fertiliser price support under Group Concession and other Scheme of Government of India is recognised based on management's estimate taking into account known policy parameters and input price escalation/de-escalation.

Income from Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) is recognised at estimated realisable value on confirmation of CERs by the concerned authorities.

Interest Income is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and applicable interest rate.

Dividend income on investments is accounted for when the right to receive the payment is established.

XIV. RETIREMENT AND OTHER EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

(a) Defined Contribution Plan

The Company makes defined contribution to Government Employee Provident Fund, Government Employee Pension Fund, Employee Deposit Linked Insurance, ESI and Superannuation Schemes, which are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on accrual basis.

(b) Defined Benefit Plan

The Company's liabilities under Payment of Gratuity Act, long-term compensated absences and pension are determined on the basis of actuarial valuation made at the end of each financial year using the projected unit credit method except for short-term compensated absences, which are provided for based on estimates.

Actuarial gain and losses are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss as income or expense. Obligation is measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows using a discounted rate that is determined by reference to market yields at the Balance Sheet date on Government bonds where the terms of the Government bonds are consistent with the estimated terms of the defined benefit obligation.

In respect of certain employees, Provident Fund contributions are made to a Trust administered by the Company. The interest rate payable to the members of the Trust shall not be lower than the statutory rate of interest declared by the Central Government under the Employee Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952, and shortfall, if any, shall be made good by the Company. The Company's liability is actuarially determined (using the Projected Unit Credit Method) at the end of the year and any shortfall in the Fund size maintained by the Trust set up by the Company is additionally provided for. Actuarial losses/gains are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which they arise.

XV. EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS

The stock options granted are accounted for as per the accounting treatment prescribed by Employee Stock Option Scheme, Employee Stock Purchase Guidelines, 1999, issued by Securities and Exchange Board of India and the Guidance Note on Accounting for Employee Share-based Payments, issued by the ICAI, whereby the intrinsic value of the option is recognised as deferred employee compensation. The deferred employee compensation is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on the straight-line basis over the vesting period of the option.

In respect of re-pricing of existing stock option, the incremental intrinsic value of the option is accounted as employee cost over the remaining vesting period.

The options that lapse are reversed by a credit to employee compensation expense, equal to the amortised portion of value of lapsed portion and credit to deferred employee compensation expense equal to the unamortised portion.

XVI. TAXATION

Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax.

Provision for current tax is made on the basis of estimated taxable income for the current accounting year in accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis.

The deferred tax for timing differences between the book and tax profits for the year is accounted for, using the tax rates and laws that have been substantively enacted as of the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets arising from timing differences are recognised to the extent there is reasonable certainty that these would be realised in future.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date. The Company writes down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realised. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

In case of unabsorbed losses and unabsorbed depreciation, all deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profit. At each Balance Sheet date the Company reassesses the unrecognised deferred tax assets.

Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. In the year in which the MAT credit becomes eligible to be recognised as an asset in accordance with the recommendations contained in Guidance Note issued by the ICAI, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the Statement of Profit and Loss and shown as MAT Credit Entitlement. The Company reviews the same at each Balance Sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT Credit Entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal Income Tax during the specified period.

XVII. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Revenue expenditure on research is expensed under the respective heads of the account in the period in which it is incurred.

Development expenditure is capitalised as an asset if the following conditions can be demonstrated:

a) The technical feasibility of completing the asset so that it can be made available for use or sell.

b) The Company has intention to complete the asset and use or sell it.

c) The Company has the ability to sell the asset.

d) The future economic benefits are probable.

e) The Company has ability to measure the expenditure attributable to the asset during its development reliably.

Other development costs which do not meet the above criteria are expensed out during the period in which they are incurred.

XVIII. OPERATING LEASES

(a) As a Lessee:

Leases, where significant portion of risk and reward of ownership are retained by the Lessor, are classified as Operating Leases and lease rentals thereon are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

(b) As a Lessor:

The Company has leased certain tangible assets, and such leases, where the Company has substantially retained all the risks and rewards of ownership, are classified as operating leases.

Lease income is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over lease term.

XIX. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENT

Cash and Cash Equivalents for the purpose of cash flow statement comprise cash on hand and cash at bank including fixed deposit with original maturity period of less than three months and short term highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less.

XX. MEASURAMENT OF PROFIT BEFORE DEPRECIATION/AMORTISATION, INTEREST AND TAX (PBDIT)

As permitted by the Guidance Note on the Revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956, the Company has elected to present PBDIT as a separate line item on the face of the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company measures PBDIT on the basis of profit/loss from continuing operations. In its measurement, the Company does not include depreciation and amortisation expenses, finance costs and tax expenses.

XXI. CASH FLOW STATEMENT

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

XXII. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Earnings considered in ascertaining the Company's earnings per share is the net profit for the period after deducting preference dividends and any attributable tax thereto for the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

XXIII. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND PROVISIONS

Contingent Liabilities are possible but not probable obligations as on Balance Sheet date, based on the available evidence.

Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of past events, and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made.

Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

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Mar 31, 2011

(I) BASIS OF PREPARATION

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis in compliance with all material aspect of the Accounting Standard Notified by Companies Accounting Standard Rules, 2006 (as amended), and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The accounting policies have been consistently applied by the Company and are consistent with those used in the previous year.

(II) FIXED ASSETS

Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment loss, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

(III) DEPRECIATION/AMORTISATION

a) Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates and in the manner specified in the Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956, except in the case of the following, where depreciation is equally charged over the estimated useful lives.

c) Depreciation on the Fixed Assets added/disposed off/discarded during the year is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition/disposal/discarding.

"Continuous Process Plants" are classified based on technical assessment, and depreciation is provided accordingly.

(IV) IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external factors. An asset is treated as impaired when the carrying cost of the assets exceeds its recoverable value. An impairment loss, if any, is charged to the Profit and Loss Account in the year in which an asset is identified as impaired. Reversal of impairment losses recognised in prior years is recorded when there is an indication that the impairment losses recognised for the assets no longer exist or have decreased.

(V) BORROWING COST

Borrowing Costs attributable to acquisition and construction of qualifying assets are capitalised as a part of the cost of such asset up to the date when such assets are ready for its intended use. Other borrowing costs are charged to the Profit and Loss Account.

(VI) TRANSLATION OF FOREIGN CURRENCY ITEMS

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the rate of exchange prevailing on the date of transaction. Foreign currency monetary items are reported using closing rate of exchange at the end of the year. The resulting exchange gain/loss is reflected in the Profit and Loss Account. Other non- monetary items, like fixed assets, and investments in equity shares are carried in terms of historical cost using the exchange rate at the date of transaction. Premium/Discount, in respect of forward foreign exchange contract, is recognised over the life of the contracts. Exchange differences on such contracts are recognised in the statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which the exchange rates change Profit/Loss on cancellation/renewal of forward exchange contract is recognised as income/ expense for the year.

(VII) DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

The Company uses derivative financial instruments such as currency swap and interest rate swaps to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations and interest rate. As per ICAI announcement regarding accounting for derivative contracts, other than covered under AS 11, these are mark to market on the portfolio basis and net loss after considering the offsetting effect on the underlying hedged item is charged to the income statement. Net gains are ignored.

(VIII) INVESTMENTS

Investments are recorded at cost on the date of purchase, which includes acquisition charges such as brokerage, stamp duty, taxes, etc. Current Investments are stated at lower of cost and net realisable value. Long term investments are stated at cost after deducting provisions made, if any, for other than temporary diminution in the value.

(IX) INVENTORIES

Raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. However, these items are considered to be realisable at cost if the finished products, in which they will be used, are expected to be sold at or above cost.

Work-in-progress and finished goods are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

Cost of inventories is computed on a weighted-average/FIFO basis.

Proceeds in respect of sale of raw materials/stores are credited to the respective heads. Obsolete, defective and unserviceable inventory is duly provided for.

(X) GOVERNMENT GRANTS

Government Grants are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the same will be received and all attaching conditions will be complied with. Revenue grants are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account. Capital grants relating to specific fixed assets are reduced from the gross value of the respective fixed assets. Other capital grants are credited to capital reserve.

(XI) REVENUE RECOGNITION

Sales are recorded net of trade discounts, rebates and include excise duty. Revenue from sale of products is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer. Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and can be reliably measured.

Income from services are recognised as they are rendered based on agreements/arrangements with the concerned parties.

Fertiliser price support under Group Concession and other Scheme of Government of India is recognised based on management's estimate taking into account known policy parameters and input price escalation/de-escalation.

Income from Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) is recognised at estimated realisable value on confirmation of CERs by the concerned authorities.

Dividend income on investments is accounted for when the right to receive the payment is established.

(XII) RETIREMENT AND OTHER EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

(i) Defined Contribution Plan

The Company makes defined contribution to Provident Fund, ESI and Superannuation Schemes, which are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account on accrual basis. Provident Fund contributions are made to a Trust administered by the Company and government administered Provident Fund. The interest rate payable to the members of the Trust shall not be lower than the statutory rate of interest declared by the Central Government under the Employees' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952, and shortfall, if any, shall be made good by the Company. The remaining contributions are made to a government administered Provident Fund towards which the Company has no further obligations beyond its monthly contributions.

(ii) Defined Benefit Plan

The Company's liabilities under Payment of Gratuity Act, long term compensated absences and pension are determined on the basis of actuarial valuation made at the end of each financial year using the projected unit credit method except for short term compensated absences which are provided for based on estimates. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised immediately in the statement of Profit and Loss Account as income or expense. Obligation is measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows using a discounted rate that is determined by reference to market yields at the Balance Sheet date on Government bonds where the currency and terms of the Government bonds are consistent with the currency and estimated terms of the defined benefit obligation.

(XIII) EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS

The stock options granted are accounted for as per the accounting treatment prescribed by Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Guidelines, 1999, issued by Securities and Exchange Board of India and the Guidance Note on Accounting for Employee Share- based Payments, issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, whereby the intrinsic value of the option is recognised as deferred employee compensation. The deferred employee compensation is charged to the Profit and Loss Account on straight-line basis over the vesting period of the option.

(XIV) TAXATION

Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax.

Provision for current tax is made on the basis of estimated taxable income for the current accounting year in accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961.

The deferred tax for timing differences between the book and tax profits for the year is accounted for, using the tax rates and laws that have been substantively enacted as of the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets arising from timing differences are recognised to the extent there is reasonable certainty that these would be realised in future.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date. The Company writes down the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be realised. Any such write-down is reversed to the extent that it becomes reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available.

In case of unabsorbed losses and unabsorbed depreciation, all deferred tax assets, are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profit. At each balance sheet date the Company reassesses unrecognised deferred tax assets.

Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. In the year in which the MAT credit becomes eligible to be recognised as an asset in accordance with the recommendations contained in Guidance Note issued by the ICAI, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the Profit and Loss Account and shown as MAT Credit Entitlement. The Company reviews the same at each balance sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT Credit Entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period.

(XV) OPERATING LEASES

Leases, where significant portion of risk and reward of ownership are retained by the Lessor, are classified as Operating Leases and lease rentals thereon are charged to the Profit and Loss Account on a straight-line basis over lease term.

Lease income is recognised in the Profit and Loss Account on a straight-line basis over lease term.

(XVI) CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND PROVISIONS

Contingent Liabilities are possible but not probable obligations as on Balance Sheet date, based on the available evidence.

Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of past event, and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made.

Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

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Mar 31, 2010

(I) BASIS OF PREPARATION

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis in compliance with all material aspect of the Accounting Standard Notified by the Companies Accounting Standard Rules, 2006 (as amended), and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956. The accounting policies have been consistently applied by the Company, and are consistent with those used in the previous year.

(II) FIXED ASSETS

Fixed assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment loss, if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

(III) DEPRECIATION/AMORTISATION

a) Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates and in the manner specified in the Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956, except in the case of the following, where depreciation is equally charged over the estimated useful lives.

Estimated useful life Capital Expenditure on Assets not owned - 5 years

Office Computers - 4 years

Vehicles -5 years

Assets at Showrooms - 5 years

Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment - 7 years

Office Electronic Equipment - 4 years

Leasehold Land/Improvements - Over the primary period of the lease

Catalyst - On the estimated life as technically assessed (ranging from 1.5 to 3 years)

b) Intangible Assets are Amortised Equally over: Trademarks/Brands - 10 years Technical Know-how - 7 years Specialised Software - 3 years Goodwill - Not being amortised

(Tested for Impairment)

c) Depreciation on the Fixed Assets, added/disposed off/discarded during the year, is provided on pro- rata basis with reference to the month of addition/disposal/discarding.

“Continuous process plants” are classified based on technical assessment, and depreciation is provided accordingly.

(IV) IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS

The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date if there is any indication of impairment, based on internal/external factors. An asset is treated as impaired when the carrying cost of the assets exceeds its recoverable value. An impairment loss, if any, is charged to the Profit and Loss Account in the year in which an asset is identified as impaired. Reversal of impairment losses recognised in prior years is recorded when there is an indication that the impairment losses recognised for the assets no longer exist or have decreased.

(V) BORROWING COSTS

Borrowing costs attributable to acquisition and construction of qualifying assets, are capitalised as a part of the cost of such asset upto the date when such assets are ready for its intended use. Other borrowing costs are charged to the Profit and Loss Account.

(VI) TRANSLATION OF FOREIGN CURRENCY ITEMS

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the rate of exchange prevailing on the date of transaction. Foreign currency monetary items are reported using closing rate of exchange at the end of the year. The resulting exchange gain/loss is reflected in the Profit and Loss Account. Other non-monetary items, like fixed assets, investments in equity shares, are carried in terms of historical cost using the exchange rate at the date of transaction. Premium/Discount, in respect of forward foreign exchange contract, is recognised over the life of the contracts. Profit/Loss on cancellation/renewal of forward exchange contract is recognised as income/expense for the year.

(VII) DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

The Company uses derivative financial instruments such as forward exchange contracts, currency swaps and interest rate swaps to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations and interest rate. Currency and interest rate swaps are accounted in accordance with their contract.

(VIII) INVESTMENTS

Investments are recorded at cost on the date of purchase, which includes acquisition charges such as brokerage, stamp duty, taxes, etc. Current Investments are stated at lower of cost and fair value. Long term investments are stated at cost after deducting provisions made, if any, for other than temporary diminution in the value.

(IX) INVENTORIES

Raw materials, components, stores and spares are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value.

However, these items are considered to be realisable at cost if the finished products in which they will be used are expected to be sold at or above cost.

Work-in-progress and finished goods are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value. Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

Cost of inventories is computed on a weighted average/FIFO basis.

Proceeds in respect of sale of raw materials/stores are credited to the respective heads. Obsolete, defective and unserviceable inventory is duly provided for.

(X) GOVERNMENT GRANTS

Government Grants are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the same will be received. Revenue grants are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account. Capital grants relating to specific fixed assets are reduced from the gross value of the respective fixed assets. Other capital grants are credited to capital reserve.

(XI) REVENUE RECOGNITION

Sales are recorded net of trade discounts, rebates and include excise duty. Revenue from sale of products is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer. Income from services are recognised as they are rendered based on agreements/arrangements with the concerned parties.

Fertiliser" price support under Group Concession and other Scheme of Government of India is recognised based on managements estimate taking into account the known policy parameters and input price escalation/de-escalation.

Income from Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) is recognised at estimated realisable value on confirmation of CERs by the concerned authorities.

Dividend income on investments is accounted for when the right to receive the payment is established.

(XII) RETIREMENT AND OTHER EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (i) Defined Contribution Plan

The Company makes defined contribution to Provident Fund, ESI and Superannuation Schemes which are recognised in the Profit and Loss Account on accrual basis.

(ii) Defined Benefit Plan

The Companys liabilities under Payment of Gratuity Act, long term compensated absences and pension are determined on the basis of actuarial valuation made at the end of each financial year, using the projected unit credit method except for short term compensated absences which are provided for based on estimates. Actuarial gain and losses are recognised immediately in the statement of Profit and Loss Account as income or expense. Obligation is measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows, using a discounted rate that is determined by reference to market yields at the Balance Sheet date on Government bonds where the currency and terms of the Government bonds are consistent with the currency and estimated terms of the defined benefit obligation.

(XIII) EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS

The stock options granted are accounted for as per the accounting treatment prescribed by Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Guidelines, 1999, issued by Securities and Exchange Board of India, whereby the intrinsic value of the option is recognised as deferred employee compensation. The deferred employee compensation is charged to Profit & Loss Account on straight-line basis over the vesting period of the option. The employee stock option outstanding account is shown net of any unamortised deferred employee compensation.

(XIV) TAXATION

Tax expense comprises of current, deferred tax.

Provision for current tax is made on the basis of estimated taxable income for the current accounting year in accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961.

The deferred tax for timing differences between the book and tax profits for the year is accounted for, using the tax rates and laws that have been substantively enacted as of the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets arising from timing differences are recognised to the extent there is reasonable certainty that these would be realised in future.

In case of unabsorbed losses and unabsorbed depreciation, all deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profit. At each Balance Sheet date, the Company reassesses the unrecognised deferred tax assets. Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. In the year, in which the MAT credit becomes eligible to be recognised as an asset in accordance with the recommendations contained in the Guidance Note issued by the ICAI, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the Profit and Loss Account and shown as MAT Credit Entitlement. The Company reviews the same at each Balance Sheet date, and writes down the carrying amount of MAT Credit Entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal Income Tax during the specified period.

(XV) OPERATING LEASES

Leases, where significant portion of risk and reward of ownership are retained by the Lessor, are classified as Operating Leases and lease rentals thereon are charged to the Profit and Loss Account on a straight- line basis over lease term. Lease income is recognised in the Profit and Loss Account on a straight-line basis over lease term.

(XVI) CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND PROVISIONS

Contingent Liabilities are possible but not probable obligations as on Balance Sheet date, based on the available evidence.

Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of past event, and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made.

Provisions are determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date.